V:5^  \^  ^ 


\>. 


.0^ 


N^ 


.\ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


US 


u^m 


■  2.2 
£   L£    12.0 


i 


1 

125  ||U    ,,.6 

< 

6"     

► 

HiotDgraphic 

Sciences 
CorporatiGn 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14SS0 

(716)  S72-4S03 


V 

^ 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notos  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquaa 


Tha  Inatituta  haa  attamptad  to  obtain  tha  baat 
original  copy  availabia  for  filming.  Faaturaa  of  thia 
copy  which  may  ba  bibliographically  uniqua, 
which  may  altar  any  of  tha  imagaa  in  tha 
raproduction.  or  which  may  aignificantly  changa 
tha  uaual  mathod  of  filming,  are  chackad  balow. 


D 


D 


D 


D 
D 


D 


Colourad  covara/ 
Couvartura  da  coulaur 


[~~l   Covara  damagad/ 


Couvartura  andommagAa 


Covars  raatorad  and/or  laminatad/ 
Couvartura  raatauria  at/ou  palliculAa 


I     I   Cover  titia  miaaing/ 


La  titra  da  couvartura  manqua 


I     I   Colourad  mapa/ 


Cartaa  g6ographiquaa  an  coulaur 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I     I   Coloured  platea  and/or  iiluatrationa/ 


Planchaa  at/ou  iiluatrationa  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
ReM  avec  d'autrea  documanta 


Tight  binding  may  cauae  ahadowa  or  diatortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  aerrie  peut  cauaar  da  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
diatortion  la  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 

Blank  leavea  added  during  reatoration  may 
appear  within  tha  text.  Whenever  poaaible,  theae 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  aa  peut  que  certainea  pagea  blanchaa  ajouttea 
lors  d'una  reatauration  apparaiaaent  dana  la  texte. 
maia.  loraqua  cela  Atait  poaaible.  cea  pagea  n'ont 
paa  At6  filmAea. 


L'Inatitut  a  microfilm*  la  mailleur  exemplaira 
qu'il  lui  a  it*  poaaible  de  ae  procurer.  Las  details  ' 
da  cat  exemplaira  qui  aont  paut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographiqua.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
una  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exigar  una 
modification  dana  la  mithoda  normala  de  filmage 
aont  indiqute  ci-dassoua. 


D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pagea  de  couleur 


|~~|   Pagea  damaged/ 


Pages  endommagias 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restauries  at/ou  peiliculAes 

Pagea  discoloured,  stained  or  foxei 
Pages  dicolories.  tachatias  ou  piquies 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  dAtachies 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  inAgale  de  ('impression 

Includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplimentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


I      I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

r~U  Pagea  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I     I  Pages  detached/ 

r~n  Showthrough/ 

I     I  Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I  Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I — I  Only  edition  available/ 


D 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Lea  pages  totalamant  ou  partieliement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  M  filmies  A  nouveau  de  fa^on  A 
obtenir  la  meillaure  image  possible. 


0    Additional  commanta:/ 
Commentairea  supplAmantairaa: 


Pagination  as  follows  :   [xix],  [1]  •  [1*1  -  3*.  [1]  -  700  p. 


i 

b 

ri 
n 
n 


This  item  la  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  eat  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu*  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

^y 

12X 

16X 

20X 

^^ ;'-.,.. 

24X 

28X 

32X 

re 

l^tails 
IS  du 
nodifier 
ir  une 
iimage 


TIm  copy  film«d  bmn  has  bMn  rtproducad  thanks 
to  tho  ganarosity  of: 

Library  of  tha  Public 
Archival  of  Canada 

Tha  imagas  appaaring  hara  ara  tha  baat  quality 
possibia  conaidaring  tha  condition  and  lagibility 
of  tha  original  copy  and  in  liaaping  with  tha 
filming  contract  spacificationa. 


Original  copiaa  in  printad  papar  covara  ara  filmad 
baginning  with  tha  front  covar  and  anding  on 
tha  laat  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impraa- 
sion.  or  tha  bacic  covar  whan  appropriata.  All 
othar  original  copies  ara  filmad  baginning  on  tha 
first  paga  with  a  printad  or  illuatratad  impras- 
sion,  and  anding  on  tha  last  paga  with  a  printad 
or  illuatratad  imprasslon. 


es 


L'axamplaira  film*  fut  raprodult  grica  i  la 
ginAroaiti  da: 

Lji  bibliothAqua  das  Archivas 
publiquas  du  Canada 

Laa  imagaa  auivantaa  ont  4tA  raprodultas  avac  la 
plua  grand  aoin,  compta  tanu  da  la  condition  at 
da  la  nattat*  da  l'axamplaira  film*,  at  an 
conformity  avac  las  conditions  du  contrat  da 
fllmaga. 

Las  axamplairaa  originaux  dont  la  couvartura  an 
papiar  aat  imprimte  sont  fllmte  an  commandant 
par  la  pramiar  plat  at  an  tarminant  solt  par  la 
darnMra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'illustration,  solt  par  la  sacond 
plat,  salon  la  cas.  Tous  las  autras  axamplairaa 
originaux  sont  filmte  an  commandant  par  la 
pramlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  amprainta 
d'imprassion  ou  d'lllustration  at  an  tarminant  par 
la  darnlAra  paga  qui  comporta  una  talla 
amprainta. 


Tha  last  racordad  frama  on  aach  microfiche 
shall  contain  tha  symbol  —^  (moaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  tha  symbol  V  (moaning  "END"), 
whichavar  appllas. 


Un  das  symboias  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
darnlAra  imaga  da  chaqua  microficha,  salon  la 
cas:  la  symbols  — »>  signifia  "A  SUIVRE",  la 
symbols  y  signifia  "FIN". 


Maps,  piatas,  charts,  ate,  may  ba  filmad  at 
diffarant  reduction  ratloa.  Thosa  too  larga  to  ba 
antiraly  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
baginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  A  dee  taux  da  rMuction  diffArants. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  itre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  ciichA,  11  est  f llmA  A  partir 
da  Tangle  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nteessalre.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m^thoda. 


errata 
to 


pelure, 
on  A 


I    1 

2 

3 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

.    " 

4 

5 

6 

^liuimmmmm 


CiiA-fiHSOH  r :!.. '1 N  '=1'  li» ?f  k  ;i.  A'l'JT, 


THE 


-  -.r: 


DOCUMENTARY   HISTORY 


>  '  Of  TBI 


'^fifm^ 


* 

I 


tatt    ^ 


ti»^ 


0t(i 


AftRANrab  VNDBK  DIRIOTHm  OT  ttn 


if^>^-^ 


HON.  CHRISTOPHER  MORGAN, 


BY  E.  K  O'CALLAGHAN,  M.  D. 


i!fy^'' 


■r.f-^n:l^ 


.,> 


J  . 


■; 


r      YOLDME  IV. 


,-ii'-'"-    ■^^  'W 


.  >-  •.- 1: ,   'i;  .:.,«.  ?»'»5s$jr*  • 


f'v:--^J. 


-   '  ■     ■     ^     ALBANY:  ^-'^-■^^^^^-^^-'^  ■<•   ^=' 
CHARLES  VAN  BENTHUTSEN,  PUBLIC  PRINTER. 

1861. 


:it*'T 


1.1  OT  HI  11    Y>l/.T/:iM 


[I'fiUI 


i, 

V 


*  it^ 


*H       •<> 


f»-r?    ««ft-^ 


■'4     ';  (  ■/./ 


4(-Sf-ri<;'l 


*'  .'■■ 


■    ':  ■■■■■   •■     '      -'   'r^yi  I,  i:  J.-/ 


■mmff^ 


'fi 


^fiSmmi^rkiai  timmf-m-iM  y  '   T  li   km   Tilf  r  ii  i  iT     ifl  Ifgiiiit  ifflTlIt:.  I..  jilM  .Jil  I 

'?>i'f     . .  :i»i  ..»^-ji.»'«tTi'rtinH^  i»i-jfcai'-.'t  »'J-,-,;»r-'.raii'i  - -urn  if    '■'  ■  mhi  iigadmi  m'y   T    .mlC 

*<*f        ...--.....    .  . ,  ,t-»?;s.>'S'     ;■'■.  L,.7-' .    ,-.  ,.\i    ■■-.-■if  ft»  «ti«S[#>4  *jW  u8  ,*t 

1.  JOURNAL  OF  NEW  NBTHBRLAND,  X641-164«, . . . :T:,T!T. .T.TT.T ff. .....?!.. . .       1 

U.  DESOBIPTION  OF  NEW  NETHEBLA:!)  ;  By  Ber.  Ihm  JogoM.  S.  J. 18 

m.  INFORMATION  FOB  TAKING  UP  LAND  IN  NEW  NETHBBLANPi  Bjr  8«enUtj 

Vw  TionhoTW,  1650 19 

r^  Mode  of  clMring  ud  oaltiTfttiiig  the  wild  land,  28 ;  of  the  bniUiog  of  howM  «t  fint,  ib.;  cf 

i^'-mm-^  the  neoeaaarjoattle  tad  their  prioes,  24;   neoeimy  mqppliM  finr  the  fiamer,  ib.;  oondMkms 
OD  irideh  buBd  ma  »t  fint  granted,  26. 

IV.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  SECOND  BSOPUS  WAR ;  By  Capk  Kiegier,  1668 87 

y.  BBESDEN  BASDT;  Extracts firom the,  1640 68 

VI.  DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND ;  From  Montamu,  1671 78 

Disoovery  of  New  Netherland,  75 ;  Rirers,  ib ;  Trees  and  Vinea,  Fndta  and  Mines,  and 
;^*J  '^'     Animals,  76;  Birds,  78;  Fishes,  79;  Battlesuakes;  NatiTe  Tribes,  ib.;  Th^  clothing 

^  .'  "  '   and  houses,  80 ;  manners  and  onstoms,  81 ;  their  langnage,  money  and  nature,  82 ;  Weap> 

ons,  kws,  ooonoils,  ib.;  Religion  and  belief,  88 ;  OoloidiBtion  of  die  ooontry,  ib. 

First  Emigrants  to  New  Netherlands  from  Bandartiiis 84 

Vn.  TRIAL  FOR  WITCHCRAFT,  In  New  York,  1666, 85 

VIII.  ASSESSMENT  ROLLS  OF  THE  FIVE  DUTCH  TOWNS  ON  L.  I.,  1676, 89 

Of  Boshwiok,  91 ;  of  Breukelen,  98;  of  Flatbnsh,  94 ;  of  Flatlands,  100;  of  N.  Utreeht,  102. 

IX.  STATE  OF  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK,  IN  1788 106 

Queries  relating  to  His  Majesty's  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  107 ;  Cadwallader  Oolden's  Observations  on 

the  Soil,  Climate,  Water  Commnmoations,  &o.,  of  New  York,  109;  Lt.  Got.  Clark's  answer 

^  ^  to  the  queries  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  116 ;  Return  showing  the  oommeroe  of  the  Port  of  New 

.  York  in  1738, 117  ;  Population  returns  of  each  county  in  the  Province,  118 ;  Names  of  the 

^'     .   heads  of  £unilies  in  Flatbush,  122 ;  in  Flatlands,  124 ;  of  Gravesend,  126 ;  of  New  Utrecht, 

-'-  '*      127 ;  in  Brooklyn.  128;  in  Boshwyok,  180;  in  Suffolk  county,  182;  in  Dutchess  county,  184; 

' '  Names  cf  the  officers  andjpiivates  in  the  several  companies  of  Militia  in  the  Province,  186  j 

'    '  '    '    Indians  of  New  York  and  Canada,  165. 

X.  REASONS  IN  SUPPORT  OF  TRIENNIAL  ELECTIONS  IN  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW 

YORK, '....    157 

XI.  JOURNAL  OF  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON'S  SCOUTS,  1766, 1760, 167 

XII.  PAPERS  RELATING  TO  THE  SIX  NATIONS 187 

A  list  of  early  Missionaries  among  the  Iroquois, • •     189 

1756.   Jan.  18.  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwiok  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;   with  a  project  for  better  peopling  and 

governing  America, 191 

16.  Address  of  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwiok  to  the  Mohawks 192 

Proposed  Address  of  the  Seven  Nations  to  the  king  in  favor  of  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwiok,.     198 
May  14.  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvie  of  Albany,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;  necessity  of  forts  among  the  In- 
dians ;  Washington  surrounded ;  Patroon's  mills  burnt,. .•••...     195 


-^^■•^^f-i^siL^tjarr^l 


1761. 

Mar.    1. 

87. 
Not.  17. 

1762.  F«b.    8. 

•JHM-i 

41     .. 

Mar.    7. 

18. 

April    6. 

16. 

•I».»7»        10. 

••  Ang-aO. 

Id 

• 

M(i 

WM^     v» 

V/lh' 

1.. 

..  ,    a 

JallylO. 

Ott  16b 

.^fn      16. 

16. 

1768.  Jan.  20. 

iff 

•• 

'•     18. 

1768. 

April  2. 
2. 

- 

«. 
May  16. 

28. 
Aug.  8. 

1764. 

Oek.ae. 

Dm.  29. 

[Nodrta.] 

Mat.  22. 

1766. 

8«pt.  17. 
Got  24. 
Nov.  27. 
Dm.  10. 
Jan.    4. 
Jan.    8. 
Fab.  27. 

OORTIini. 

Sir  Wm.  Joknwn  to  Bev.  Jeaa  B.  Bobaolt,  onolofing  kim  ten  pounds  and  reqaesting 

Um  to  OM  hk  bfluanoe  with  the  Abenakoi  of  his  l!ook 196 

Bav.  Mr.  Brown  to  Sir  Wm.  JohnMa,i^logiiiDg  for  not  being  itble  to  go  to  Fort  Hunter,  190 
Sir  Wm.  Jobuon  to  Bar.  Dr.  WhMlMk ;  Kirtlaad  learning  the  Indian  language ;  Jo- 

■epk  Bfant'a  eduoation  eommenoed, 197 

Bav.  Bir.  Gel  to  Sir  Wm.  Jakaaon,  eaanot  coniant  to  tke  Boetonien  introducing  tkeir 

Praabytariaa  ekorok  among  tke  Indiana, 108 

Qan.  AmtierBt  to  Ool.  Bradatrmt ;  fint  Preabyterian  cburob  in  Albany, 190 

Sir  Wm.  Jobnion  to  Bar.  Mr.  Barclay ;  respecting  Mr.  Bennet, 199 

Bav.  David  Zaiaberger  to  Mr.  Paten  relative  to  bb  journey  to  Wyoming, 200 

Bdw.  Johnion,  teaohar  at  Tnaenrora,  %o  Sir  Wn.  JiAneon,  wltk  a  report  of  his  progWM 

MindkM, 200 

aTaMm«f»lB&a,anAkiawMi,to8irWm.  Jabaaaa, 201 

Rtv.  Dr.  Wkaelaek  to  Sir  Wm.  Joknaon  relative  to  moving  kla  ladian  tcbool  from 

L^kamn, 201 

TIm  aaaM  to  tka  mmt ;  abtaina  •  portion  ef  Sir  Peter  Wamn'i  legacy ;  the  Boston 
Soeiaty  doairea  to  aat  up  Englidi  aolwola  among  tke  Indians;  Dr.  W.  wisliea  to  re- 
nova  to  tka  Mabawlt  aoMtry, t 202 

Bav.  Dr.  Pomrqy  to  Sir  Wm.  jokaaon  in  favor  «f  Dr.  Whoeloolc's  aohoel,  (eaolosing),  208 
Latter  firon  tfia  Amu  <'  <U«san  ebwoitea  in  Now  Bnglaod,  reoommending  Dr.  Wkee- 

laek'aaekoel  to  tka  patronaga  of  tke  pnblia, 204 

Sir  Was.  Jaknaoa  to  Dr.  Pomny,  m  hwm  of  Dc  Wkeelock's  qualifications 205 

Tka  aaaa  to  Dc  Wbaelook ;  la  oppoaed  to  local  scbools  among  the  Indians, 206 

Ika  aama  to  Bav.  Dr.  Barclay,  respectii^  a  new  Indian  prayer-book, 206 

Dr.  Wkmlook  to  Sir  Wm.  Jokuson;  some  account  of  Mr.  C.  Jeffery  Smith,  and  tho 

Lebanon  sokool ;  Brant,  (witk,) 207 

OL  Jaffary  Smith  to  Sir  W.  Johnson ;  proposes  visiting  tke  Mokawk  country  as  a  mission- 

aiy  i  muck  attacked  to  Brant 208 

Mr.  Weyman,  printer^  to  Dr.  Barclay,  concerning  the  Indian  prayer-book, 209 

Dr.  Whaelock  to  Gen*l  Amherst ;  asks  for  four  townships  on  tke  west  ride  of  the  Sus- 
quehanna river  fi>r  lis  school, 210 

Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Dr.  Barclay  abonit  the  In£sn  prayer-book, 211 

Dr.  WhMlook  to  Sir  Wm.  Jolmsen  abont  Mr.  Smith  and  Brftt, 211 

Oan'l  Amherst  to  Dr.  Whaekek,  advises  kim  to  apply  to  the  kmg, 212 

Dr.  Batday  to  Rev.  B.  Jobuon ;  tkeBaston  oommissaoners'  offer;  Mr.  Bennet  cato- 

eyaktotkaMafcasvks;  Falmar;  Pandarsei^ 212 

Ut,  Wennun  to  Dr.  Baroh^  abont  the  Indian  pnyor-book, 213 

Bev.  Mr.  Lappiua  to  Sir  Wm.  Joknson ;  requiring  aid, 214 

Rev.  Mr.  Bdband  to  4ka  sane ;  kopea  tke  Bngtirii  will  retain  €aaada,  &o 215 

Tke  schoolmastor  at  Canigohary  to  Sir  Wm.  Joknson ;  the  Indians  will  not  allow  the 

okildran  to  be  ekaatised, 216 

Mr.  Weyman  to  Sir  Wm.  Joknaon ;  Indian  prayer-book ;  deatk  of  Dr.  Barclay, 217 

Dr.  Wkeeloek  to  tka  same ;  Kirtland ;  WooUey, 217 

Mr.  Weyman  to  tka  same  j  tke  Indian  prayer-l>ook 219 

Gireular  of  tke  N.  Y.  Soc.  for  promotion  of  the  arts,. 219 

Sir  Wm.  Jokuson's  answer  to  d>e  foregoing  circular, 220 

Bev.  Mr.  Brown  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;  proposes  visiting  the  Mohawk  caatle, 221 

Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  the  Society  for  promoting  the  arts ;  subscribes  and  gives  an  account 

of  the  state  of  Agrioulture  In  the  Mohawk  country, 221 


•v« 

17«S. 

«w.  88. 

li^ 

<u»     ... 

ApifltQ. 
...  .80. 

Jmra  17. 

i^ 

Oct.  81. 

Not.    7. 

m 

h" 

Dm.  80. 

^    1766. 

Feb.  18. 

\>, 

M«r.a5. 

M.,. 

r^ 

Jul;   4. 

>*;'\' 

8«pt.  13. 

v-  .V 

Oct   10. 

.^,,s^ 

'>'P£i 

Dee.    4. 

89. 

'      1767. 

Jan.  SO. 

May  89. 

-:    1768. 

Jan.     6. 

V 

Feb.    1. 

!x* 

Mar.  21. 

'.  .'«. 

■^•* 

April    8. 

* 

May. 

■'t 

Aug.  6. 

r 

86. 

•  ''*i.' 

Sept.    8. 
17. 

'   >i 

Oct  19. 

'-? 

16. 

■?••,■,(« 

17. 

»..  ,, 

■  **..• 

"^   - 

'^     20. 

.- 

22. 

k 

80. 

V  s  ■ 

■ 

81. 

'* 

Nov.  19. 

-    ' 

84. 

■"■  -'fXn  i 

-  -i 

28. 

Deo.   6. 

OOMtftm.  T 

r^aa. 
Dr.  WWloek  to  Sir  Wm.  JohoMM  thanking  bim  for  hia  Aivor  to  Kirtland ;  report*  the 

progreaa  of  hia  aehool, 228 

Dr.  WbedoekS  addnaa  to  A«  iMbom  of  the  Six  Natioaa, 228 

Tb*  aame  to  Sir  Wm.  Jobaaon,  givea  an  aoooont  of  propoiod  new  MiaaionB  among  the 

iMUana, 826 

Rev.  8.  KirUand  to  the  MUM ;  giving  hia  experienoa  at  OaMdeM^e, , 227 

Dr.  Wheelook  to  the  aame ;  with  the  tbaaka  of  the  Oonneotioat  Board  of  MimIods,.  . . .  228 
Sfar.  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Rev.  Tbos.  Barton ;  ooaMinta  to  beooaa  a  meaiber  of  the  Society 

for  Prop,  the  Goapal, 228 

OburebwardeBa  of  Bobenoel«dy  to  Sic  Wb.  Jobnaon  inviting  Um  to  bo  a  trustee, 229 

Rev.  S.  Kirtbnd  to  the  same  ;  with  aa  aeoevnt  of  affairs  at  Oanadeaage, .  280 

Mr.  Weyman  to  the  same ;  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvie  will  saporintend  the  Indian  prayer-book,.  280 
y.  Dow,  Mayor  of  Albany,  to  Dr.  Wheelook  in  (bvor  of  hia  efforta  Cdt  obiistlaiuaing  the 

Indiana, 23t 

Dr.  Wheelook  to  Sir  Wm.  Johason  introdnotng  other  Missionariei,  ko. 231 

Rev.  Mr.  Brown  to  the  same  ;  propoaes  a  visit  to  the  Indiana, 283 

Rev.  Mr.  Chamberlain  to  Rev.  Mr.  Brown,  oomplaiDing  of  bia  re*baptiiing  children  al- 
ready baptiaed  by  the  Preabyteriaas, 288 

Obnrehwardens  of  Sebeneetady  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon, 284 

Rov.  Mr.  Chamberlain  to  Sir  Wm.  Jobnaon  explanatory  of  bis  mntivas  for  oomplidning 

of  Mr.  Brown's  proceeding, 286 

Rev.  Mr.  Brown  to  the  same ;  church  at  Great  Barrington, 286 

Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  to  tbe  same  ;  is  about  to  practice  law  at  Sebeneetady, 286 

Mr.  Arbo,  secretary  to  the  Moravians,  to  tbe  same,  praying  bia  protection, 286 

Rev.  Dr.  Burton,  Soc.  of  Society  for  Propagating  tbe  Oospel,  to  the  same ;  enquiring 

what  would  be  the  proper  allowanoe  for  a  misiionaTy  among  the  Indians, 287 

Corporation  of  Albany  to  Dr.  Wheelook,  ancoaraging  him  to  remove  bis  sahool  to  tho 

vieinity  of  their  city, 288 

Dr.  Wheelook  to  the  corporation  of  Albany ;  is  invited  to  totabliah  his  school  elsewhere,  *289 

Rev.  Mr.  Barton  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;  state  of  afiaira  on  the  Pennsylvania  frontier,. .  240 
Mr.  J.  W.  Brown  to  the  same  ;  inviting  Rev.  Mr.  Miuray  to  tbeoburob  at  Sohoneotady ; 

Presbyterians  anxious  for  Mr.  Bay, • 241 

Hugh  Oune  to  the  same ;  giving  an  account  of  the  state  of  tbe  India*  prayer-book, . . .  242 

Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  H<  >  t<lattne;  on  (be  same  subject, 248 

Hugh  Ckdneto  Sir  Wm.  J^'ituson ;  aame  subject  continued » 248 

Mr.  J.  W.  Brown  to  tbe  sauie,  about  tb«  Sehwaeotady  ohuroh, 244 

Memoriid  of  Dr.  Wheelock  to  the  oommissbners  at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix, 244 

Caveat  of  two  New  England  Missionaries  against  the  treaty  aA  Foct  Stanwix 246 

Parson  Johnson  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  ;  is  a  friend  to  the  Indiana, 246 

Tbe  same  to  the  commissioners ;  defining  his  aHegiaace 246 

The  same  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  approves  of  not  allowing  the  Indiann  intoxicating  liquors 

at  this  time ;  complains  of  the  Seneoas  coming  armed  to  tbe  treaty, 247 

The  same  to  the  oommissionen ;  hopes  a  door  will  be  kept'open  for  the  propagation  of 

the  gospel  among  the  Indians, 248 

Speech  intended  to  be  delivered  by  Parson  Johnson  to  Ae  Indiana  at  Fort  Stanwix, . . .  248 

Hugh  Gaine  to  Sir  Wm.  Jobnaon ;  the  Indian  prayer-book 249 

Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Gen'l  Chtge  ;  tntrigues  of  (be  New  Bn|^d  lEssiooaries  at  the 

treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix, 249 

Dr.  Shuokbnigh  to  Shr  Wm.  Johnson ;  Indian  prayvr-book, 250 

Mr.  J.  W.  Brown  to  ihe  same ;  progress  of  the  ChurcAi  a*  ScbOKCtnly, 251 


t 


^  OOaTMTf. 

1708.  Dae.  10.  Sir  Wa.  JokHoa  to  G«i'l  Gage )  iatradooM  Jmim  A<Uir,  ratlior  of  th*  Hbtofy  of 

«^-  UMAMriouIwUMM, S51 

1769.  Jan.    t.  Tk*  na*  to  lUr.  Dr.  Saitk;  thMib  bin  for  the  oan  of  lik  md,  ud  for  Ua  alaoUonaa 

■aabar  of  tka  PUkMopkioal  Seeialy 262 

S4.  Joaoph  Obaw,  Baq.,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  CoDnaotkut  Aaaeanbly  appUad  to  for  a  dead 
of  tka  Saa^pelMBM  landa ;  diaaantiiig  miiak»ariea  reported  to  be  ezolodad  ttom  the 

ladtaa  eoaalry, 268 

•-'-      8ft.  Sir  Wa.  JohaaoD  to  Rar.  Dr.  AoAnratj ;  the  election ;  footing  of  the  Ohnroh  of  Bug- 
had  in  the  Proriaee, 264 

FaK    2.  Ha^  Oaiae  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  Indian  pnyer-book  oompleted, 264 

26.  Chorehwaidena  of  Sohaneotadj  to  the  mme ;  (enolosing,) 266 

Jan.  81.  Latter  fenaa  Rot.  Mr.  Monay,  deolining  the  Church  at  Soheneotady, 266 

Mar.  17.  Paaa  to  Maaara.  Danforth  and  Wilhrd  to  obserre  the  traniit  of  Yenui 266 

April  8.  John  Rand  to  Rot.  Dr.  Aoobmatj,  ia  willing  to  accept  the  ichool  at  Johnstown, 266 

12.  Rer.  Harry  Monro  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  propoaea  to  viait  the  Indiana, 267 

22.  Ho^  Gaine  to  the  aame ;  Indian  prayer-book, 268 

80.  Jamea  Adair  to  the  aame ;  requesting  introduction  to  Lord  Hillsboro' 269 

[No  date.]  The  aame  to  the  same ;  his  work  patronised  in  New  York, 269 

May  10.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  BIr.  Adair,  forwarding  subscriptions  to  his  work  on  the  Indians,. .  260 

Ust  of  aeholan  at  tlie  Free  aohool  at  Johnstown, 261 

Aqg.  28.  List  of  aoholara  at  the  Mohawk  school.  Fort  Hunter, 261 

81.  Hugh  Gkdae  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;  Indian  prayer-book, 262 

Not.    0.  Janca  Adair  to  the  same  i  regarding  his  progress  in  obtaining  subscriptions  to  his  work 

CB  the  Indiana, 262 

*'        16.  Qeo.  Cro^mn  to  the  same ;  introducing  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews, 268 

18.  Seoretary  Banyar  to  the  aame ;  on  the  same  subject, 264 

Dee.  10.  Mr.  Aadbtewa  to  the  same ;  proposbg  that  Episcopal  deigymen  be  introduced  from  Ire- 
land into  New  York,  264 

*1770.  Jan.   28.  The  aaaae  to  the  aame ;  returns  to  Ireland, 266 

May  11.  Rot.  Dr.  Aaehmnty  to  the  same  ;  introducing  Rer.  Mr.  Forbes, 266 

20.  The  aame  to  the  same ;  on  the  principles  of  a  true  churchman ;  American  Episcopate ; 

ConventioB  of  the  clergy,  266 

27.  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon  to  Rev.  Dr.  Auohmuty ;  in  answer,  ...i 267 

Not.        The  aame  to  Rot.  Mr.  Inglis ;  numbers  of  the  Six  Nations  of  Indians ;  Dr.  Wheelook's 

soeeeaa;  Rot.  Mr.  Stuart ;  Mr.  Hall, 267 

1771.  Feb.  28.  The  aane  to  Dr.  Arthur  Leo ;  customs,  manners  and  languages  of  the  Indians 269 

The  aame  to  Rev.  Mr.  Barton ;  state  of  religion, 274 

Mar.    1.  The  aame  to  Rer.  Mesara.  Cooper  and  Ogilvie ;  Rev.  Mr.  Oriffith  invited  to  Schenectady,  276 
27.  The  aame  to  Rer.  Ohaa.  Inglis ;  the  dissenters  not  to  be  disobliged  ;  religious  wants  of 

the  Indiana ;  Lutheran  minister  at  Stonearabia  desirous  to  conform, 276 

AfiS  4.  Theaasae  to  ReT.  Dr.  Auohmuty  ;  Mr.  Stuart;  Mr.  Andrews;  the  Lutheran  minister  at 

Stoaoaiabia, 277 

May  4.  The  aame  to  the  same  oonoeming  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna,  (enclosing,) / 278 

B«T.  Mr.  Banna's  testimonials, 279 

JuM  11.  BoT.  Dr.  Auohmuty  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson;  the  Lutheran  minister ;  Mr.  Hanna ;  Ameri- 

eaaBiahop, 280 

26.  BoT.  Haiiy  Mnnro  to  the  aame  ;  Brant ;  state  of  the  Church  at  Albany 282 

July   4.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  Rot.  Mr.  IngUs  on  his  memorial  for  christianizing  the  Indians, . . .  282 

The  aame  to  Rot.  Dr.  Auohmuty  ;  on  the  state  of  religion ;  the  Lutheran  minister,  &c.,  284 

Aug.  19.  BoT.  Mr.  Inglis  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson ;  on  the  memorial,  &o., 285 


r. 


ft'*? 

'Ma! 


Tnx 


*tl- 


u^ 


"t;.^ 


','T^7\^'"''^m 


OONTIMIt. 


tU 


rial. 
1771.  [NodMt.]  V«to  of  Ikaaks  (hm  the  CommlHionen  for  PropagtUng  the  OtMpcl  In  New  BngUiMl  to 

Sir  Wa.  JoboMa, 286 

A«g.  SS.  %  Wm.  JoIumob  to  Ber.  Mr.  KirtUnd,  requiring  of  him  the  nbjeet  of  hia  letter  to  tho 

Sept  10.  TU  lUM  to  Rot.  Mr.  IngUa  OB  the  memorial 287 

ai.  IUt.  Ckaa.  laglia  Itf  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon :  on  the  aame  anbjeot 288 

S8.  Sr  Waa.  Jokuon  to  Rot.  Mr.  Inglia ;  on  the  aame  anbjeet 289 

, ,  ^                   28.  R«T.  Mr.  Aadraira  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaoa ;  grammar  aohool  in  Soheneetady, 200 

Oet  SS.  Bar.  Mr.  Ii«Ba  to  the  aaae ;  on  the  memoilal, 201 

t)»A           ^^'   ^*  ^^'  ""'  A*^**  ^  ^  **"*  >  opena  an  academy, 202 

^   ^..                  18.  Sr  Wa.  JohMM  to  Rot.  Mr.  Andrewa ;  in  anawer 208 

'f      1778.  JaB.  27.  1W  auae  to  Hot.  Ckaa.  IngUa ;  ob  the  ftmd  for  the  aapport  of  ladiea  whoae  hnabanda  or 

lelattvee  have  aarred  the  atnto, 208 

.j^  M^y  18.  JoIb  OoMpBTe  to  9r  Wm.  Johaaon;  with  anggeationB  for  the  improrement  of  the 

ehank  tad  aehool 294 

;  I  ^  Jim  iS.  Sb  Wa.  JoIumib  to  Ber.  Mr.  Aadrewa ;  ezpeota  a  miaaioBaiy  (br  the  ehnroh  at  Johna- 

tawB, ; 206 

^U           <'<47  80.  B«T.  Mr.  Haaaa  to  ffir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  reoeivea  ordera  in  the  Ohnreh  of  England, ....  206 

S3.  B«T.  Mr.  Aadrewa  to  the  aame ;  offering  to  ofioiate  oeeaaionaUy  at  Johnatown, 208 

■,^           Oet   8.  SbWaa-JohaaoBtotheRer.  Dr.  Burton;  abontRer.  Mr.  Moaeley 200 

15.  Lettan  of  ordinatfoB  of  Rot.  David  Jonea. 800 

Nov.  18.  Rev.  Hiany  Monro  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ,  atate  of  the  ohoroh  in  Albany, 801 

1778.  Mar.  18.  Bar.  Matthew  OraTes  to  the  aame;  Mr.  Moaeley ;  Narraganaett  ohoroh, 801 

^. ,  A^g.  11.  CoL  Heaiy  Bahoodc  to  Ber  Dr.  Cooper;  on  eatabUaUng  aa  aoademy  in  the  Indian 

eoaat^r. 802 

18.  Bav.  Mr.  Aadnwa  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  reaigna  the  Schenectady  ohoreh  to  Mr.  Doty,  806 
,  ^            Sept  17.  ne  aaae  to  the  aaiae ;  reeeptioB  in  Virginia ;  wiahea  to  be  app<rinted  to  Johnatown  as 

^  ".                             aaeeaaor  to  Mr.  Moaeley 307 

Not.  19.  Sr  Waa.  JohaaoB  to  CoL  Bahoodc,  with  hia  opinion  on  the  propoaed  Indian  academy, .  808 

Dee.  88.  CoL  Baheoek  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon ;  on  the  Indian  seminary, 808 

1774.  Mar.    8.  Sir  Waa.  Johasoa  to  B«t.  Dr.  Hiad ;  stoto  of  the  ohoroh  on  the  Mohawk, 809 

81.  Charohwardeu  of  Sdwnectady  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 810 

April   1.  Sr  Waa.  Johnaon  to  the  ohorohwardena  of  Schenectady, 811 

11.  BoT.  Mr.  Moaeley  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnaon,  thanking  him  for  his  paat  kmdneas, 812 

Meaaeir  of  Ber.  Dr.  Staart,  miadonaiy  at  Fort  Hnnter, 818 

Xm.  PAPBBS  BBLATINQ  TO  THB  ERECTION  OF  FORT  STANWIX,  Anno  1758, 828 

XIV.  PAPKBS  BKLATING  TO  THB  DIFFICULTIES  BETWEEN  NEW  YORK  AND  NEW 

HAMPSHnUB, 820 

1749L  Not.  17.  G«t.  Waakwoith  of  N.  Hampahire,  to  Got.  Clinton  of  New  Tork,  advising  him  that  he 
■  aboat  to  aaike  gtaata  week  of  the  Conneoticnt  river,  and  enqoiring  how  frr  north 

aal  eaaft  tho  pnmnoe  of  New  Tork  extends,  (endodng,) 381 

1741.  Jnlj    S.  Bxtiaek  of  G«t.  Weatwoith'a  oommianon  setting  forth  the  bounds  of  New  Hampshire, .  884 
1750.  A|al  95.  CktT.  Waatwoith  to  Got.  Cliaton  aoknowledpng  receipt  of  the  minntes  of  eonncil  to  the 
elM  that  the  Ktot  Connecticut  oomprises  the  east  bounds  of  New  Tork ;  haa  how- 
•T«r  laaaed  kttoia  pateat  for  the  township  of  Benidngton  twenty-four  mila  east  of 

Albany, % 882 

Jtta  6.  Q«T.  Cliaton  to  Got.  Wwtworth ;   explanatory  of  the  west  bounds  of  Connecticut  and 
Mawafihnwiltn ;  He  land  b  Bennington  has  been  already  granted  by  New  Tork ;  is 

■aprineathathawaainsoehahunyinpMHdngtiiatpatent 838 


vHi 


1760. 

Jhm  82. 

^-■' 

July  26. 
8opl    2. 

.     1761. 

Oct. 

1762. 

Oct.  14. 
Au«.  M. 

1761. 

Dec.  32. 
Nor.  28. 

1753. 
/ 

1750. 

Nov.  14. 
SopU  81. 

K     1788. 

•-- 

Mar.  16. 
Doo.  28. 

1764. 

Jan.  20. 

F«b.    8. 

Mar.  13. 

AprU  12. 

V  1  ' 

July  20. 

?4 

Aug. 

I*'. 

Sept.   4. 

■;«.f. 


'■\.' 


1766.  Maj   a2. 
Oot.    9. 
.22. 
Dm.  IS. 


cannim. 

Oov.  Wtntworth  to  Oov.  CUotoo,  ii  not  tlUpoMd  to  have  any  diipute  with  Now  York ; 
propoiM  a  roferoDoe  of  the  matter  to  KngUnd, 888 

Oov.  Clinton  to  (jk)V.  Wontwortb ;  aooMptM  the  refaronco,  propoiioi  to  osohange  ropro- 
lentationi  with  New  llainpaliire, 884 

Oov.  Wentworth  to  Oot.  Clinton ;  accept!  the  offer  to  cxcbango,  and  pioniiaoi  to  com- 
municate a  copy  of  hia  rapreiontation  when  perflMit, 884 

Boport  of  tho  Attornoy.Ocneral  of  New  York  on  tho  caio  between  tho  latter  province 
and  New  Hampabire  reipecting  their  boundary, 884 

Cadwallader  Coldeu'a  obiervationit  on  tho  Attomoy-Oonoral'i  report, 880 

Extract  from  tho  report  of  the  Attorney  and  Holicitor-Oeneral  on  the  Ntatc  of  tho  oa»>n 
with  roapect  to  certain  towuhipi  in  New  lilngland, 840 

Sauretary  of  tho  Board  of  Trade  to  tha  agent  (or  the  Province  of  New  York,  (encloiiug.) ,     840 

Extract  of  a  letter  from  Benning  Wentworth,  governor  of  New  Hampahlro,  to  tho  Board 
of  Trade,  containing  hb  proposal  that  the  line  of  New  Ilampuhire  run  aa  far  weit  as 
that  of  MaaiaohusetU, 841 

Report  of  the  committee  of  the  Provincial  Council,  and  the  commbaioners  ou  tho  eaatern 
boundary,  of  New  York,  in  answer  to  Oov.  Wonlworth's  latter  to  tlio  Board  of  Trade,     841 

Proolamatioa  of  the  liiout.  Oovemor  of  New  York  for  funning  sutlluinuutH  between  Fort 
Edward  and  Lake  Oeorge 845 

Affidavit  of  Alex.  MoLean  to  the  effeet  that  New  Hampshire  is  Uying  out  lunds  at  Crown 
Point  and  on  the  east  of  Lake  Champlain, 840 

Proclamation  of  Lbut.  Qov.  Colden,  asserting  the  Connecticut  lUvor  to  be  tho  cast 
bounds  of  tho  Prov.  of  New  York, 840 

L(.  Qov.  Culdea  to  tho  Board  of  Trade,  reviewing  the  dbputo  between  Now  York  and 
New  Hampithire,  and  sustaining  the  claim  of  tho  former  to  tho  territory  in  ((uustion,.     848 

The  same  to  the  same  ;  remonstrating  further  against  tho  most  surpriMing  miJ  uxtruva- 
gank  eneroaohmenta  of  New  Hampshire,  which  ha.<i  already  granted  100  townsiiips 
west  of  the  Conneotiout  River;  encloses  copy  of  his  proclamation, 851 

Counter  proclamation  of  Qov.  Wentworth  in  vindication  of  tho  Now  Iluiiipsliiic  grants,     t]5S 

Lt.  Qov.  Colden  to  tho  Board  of  Trade,  enclosing  copy  of  Qov.  Wuntwortk's  proolanm- 
lion  whose  grants  are  hawking  around  Now  Jersey,  &c.,  at  low  rates  for  tlio  purpose 
of  raising  money,  asks  for  a  spoedy  decision,  aa  he  wishes  to  sottlo  the  dUchargcd  sol- 
diers in  the  vicinity  of  Lake  Champlain, 854 

Ordoi  of  the  king  in  council  declaring  the  Connecticut  river  the  boundary  between  New 
York  and  New  Hampabire, 855 

Sheriff  Schuyler  to  Lt.  Qov.  Colden ;  the  New  Hampshire  people  have  ejected  several 
formora  in  Hooaio  out  of  poeaesaion  of  their  lands ;  some  of  the  aggressors  arrested, .     356 

Minute  of  council ;  Qov.  Wentworth  complains  of  the  arrest  of  sundry  inhabitants  of 
tbe  towa  of  Pownal  by  tho  sheriff  of  Albany,  and  signifies  hb  disposition  to  submit 
tha  queation  of  jurisdiction  to  the  king ;  the  Lt.  Oovemor  of  New  York  advised  to 
decline  interfering  in  the  matter,  as  the  question  b  already  before  his  Majesty, 856 

Order  of  tho  govomment  of  New  York  in  favor  of  the  occupants  of  New  Ilainpshiro 
who  settled  before  thu  date. '. 857 

Petition  praying  that  the  northern  part  of  the  Province  be  divided  into  live  counties, . .     858 

Another  praying  for  the  ereetion  of  a  new  county  on  the  Connecticut  river, 850 

Another  on  the  same  subject 860 

Beport  of  the  Council  of  New  York  on  the  preceding  petitions, 861 

B«tua  of  the  names  of  the  several  portjona  living  in  the  townships  of  Pownal,  Ben- 
nington, Shaftabwy,  Arlington,  Sunderland,  Manchester,  Draper  and  Daiibcy, 361 


r 


OOMTUtm. 


sns 

&S4 

8S4 

884 
880 

840 

840 
I 
a 

.     841 
n 

0,    841 
»rt 

845 

846 
»t 

...     840 

and 

ju,.     84H 

iiva- 

i\>ipB 

, . . .     85^ 

nntB,    8&8 

.ama- 

rpoao 

d  sol- 

854 

»New 
856 

eatcd,.     356 
:ants  of 
submit 

rised  to 
356 

uipNhiro 

......  857 

mtics,.'  858 

859 

....  860 

.......  861 

nal,  Bon- 

y 861 


1700. 

Jan.   20. 

IT' 

June  6. 

>{«» 

Julj  11. 

r'ltt^k 

.;  1767. 

Fob.  12. 

'*1*s> 

April  11. 

i*U 

'1:'» 

Juno   0. 

.  .. 

10. 

July  24. 

.  >• 

17.68. 

April    7. 

1760. 

Aug.  10, 

Sept.  li. 

Oct.  19. 

Dec.  12. 

1770. 

Jan.     4. 

V.*<f 

Fob.  10. 

10. 

.■■,  ,ii.»i 

Jan.    1. 

.-  '•'■ 

1769. 

Nov.  16. 

Deo.  80. 

1770. 

Feb.  28. 

Ar-» 

■>.' 

Mar. 

July  19. 

t 

An«          O 

■t'  ■ 


'r-i^ft 


Vol.  it. 


ae? 


Tbomu  Chandler  to  Oor.  Moore,  wt^  »  rtiWB  of  iW  wwbw  of  ■•■  b  hk  uA  Ool. 
Bayloy'a  diatrioti  At  to  bear  amu, 868 

Order  of  the  Ooremor  and  Oounoil  of  New  York  that  the  oUiauiia  oader  New  Hamp- 
ihiro  sue  out  their  granta  bj  a  limited  tinte,. 368 

Ordiuanoe  ettabllibing  oourta  in  the  county  of  Oumborland  b  the  ProTinoe  of  New 
York,      (Title  only  giBM,) 864 

Nomination  of  the  civil  officers  for  said  oounty, 864 

Order  of  the  Qov.  and  Oounoil  of  New  York  auapendiof  all  prnnwidiigi  on  petition!  for 
land  on  the  weat  aide  of  the  Gonneotiout  river  already  granted  by  Now  Bampehbw, 

until  one  or  more  of  the  proprieton  of  suoh  townakipa  appear 864 

Lord  Sholbumo  to  Oov.  Moore ;  on  patition  from  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Ooapol  and  the  p4*op)e  of  Uonningtnn  |  no  new  unnta  of  land*  patented  by  New 
Hampshire  are  to  be  made  by  New  York,  unH  no  panmna  to  he  moleateil  in  their  pot- 
aesaion  under  titlo  from  the  former  province  until  fturther  ordera, 866 

Gov.  Moore  to  Lord  Sholbumo ;  in  anawor  to  the  repreeentationa  fkmn  Bennington  and 
the  Society  fur  Propagating  the  Ooapel, , 865 

The  same  to  the  same ;  iu  further  defence  of  New  York 878 

Order  of  the  kiug  iu  council  forbidding  the  governor  of  New  York  to  make  granta  of 
any  luuda  already  patented  by  New  llaiiipaLiro :  with  the  opinion  of  the  council  of 
Now  York  on  the  eonalruotion  to  bo  put  on  the  aame, 375 

List  of  Judges  and  ulhor  civil  o(Bi  ci  .  fur  Cumberland  county, 877 

Oov.  Mooro  to  Lord  IlilUboro'  forwarding  petitions  from  reduced  aoldiurb  and  ulLort.  for 
land  cnst  of  Lake  Champlain,  and  urging  thu  settlement  of  that  country, 877 

Clergy  uf  Connecticut  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  recommending  Partridge  Thatcher  Ki*!-,  to 
be  the  first  governor  of  the  new  provin<«  to  ho  erected  weat  of  the  Connecticut  river,     878 

Roprosuutation  of  James  Braokenbridge  and  Samuel  Robinaon,  aa  to  what  occurred  be- 
tween them  iind  the  commissioners  for  dividing  the  Wallumaohaok  patent, 3^0 

Proclamation  of  the  govurnmcut  of  New  York  for  the  arreat  of  Brankenbridge,  Robin- 
son and  others,  for  riotously  obstructing  the  partition  aibreaaid, 879 

Lt.  (lov.  Coldon  to  Lord  Ilillsboro'  recommending  that  the  grantees  under  New  Hamp- 
shire obtain  oonfirmatipns  from  New  York  on  payment  of  a  reduced  scale  of  fees, . . .     882 

QoT.  J.  WaDtworth  to  Lt.  Oov.  Colden  complaining  of  being  obstmctod  in  his  diitiea 
as  Survcyur-Qoneral  of  the  king's  fbresta  by  Judge  Wella,  (enclosing,) 388 

Memorial  of  J.  Wentworth  to  Lt.  Oov.  Colden  complaining  of  certain  troapoaaera  on  the 
king's  domain  on  the  went  aide  of  the  Connecticut  River,  town  of  Windaor,  (with,)  .     884 

Deposition  of  Benj.  Whiting  in  support  of  the  statements  contained  in  Oov.  Went- 
worth'a  memorial  and  letter, 885 

Deposition  of  Benj.  Wait  to  the  same  effect, 386 

Deposition  of  Amos  Tnte  to  the  same  effect, 889 

Order  in  oounoil  for  the  erection  of  the  oounty  of  Qlouoeeter  cm  the  west  aide  of  thq 
Connecticut  River, 390 

Civil  officers  for  GloLoester  oounty, 891 

Rov.  Drs.  Auohmuty  and  Cooper  to  Lt.  Oov.  Colden  recommending  certain  persons  to 
the  command  of  the  militia  of  the  county  of  Ghmoester, 391 

Petition  of  John  Grout,  attorney  at  law,  to  Gh.  Just.  Honmanden  for  leave  to  bring 
an  action  for  damages  against  certain  persons  for  injuries  aetfbrth  in  an, 891 

Affidavit  of  the  same,  of  fklae  imprisonment  which  he  suffered  at  the  hands  of  certain 
New  Hampshire  men, , 892 


«syrs  COMTEKTS. 

PAOB. 

1770.  Aog.     9.  Affidavit  of  S.  Wells,  with  an  aooount  of  a  riot  in  Cumberland  county 394 

Sept.  29.  Report  of  Hia  Majesty's  Prov.  Council  of  New  York  on  Gov.  Wentworth's  accusation 

against  Judge  Wells,  (with,) 896 

June  to  Sept.  Affidavits  of  sundry  individuals  in  defence  of  Judge  Wells, 397 

Not.    1.  Proclamation  of  Got.  Dunmore  for  the  arrest  of  Hatheway,  Bobinson  and  other  rioters, 

i  s^^     ,  -r-  r-,..-  for  obstructing  the  partition  of  the  Wallumsohaok  patent 405 

^A^' '  -        .V    1.  Petition  to  the  king  of  the  mhabitants  of  the  counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester 
i;^  complaining  of  the  riotons  obstructions  of  the  courts  of  law  and  other  irregularities 

by  the  government  and  people  of  New  Hampshire 406 

V  Bee.    8.  Petition  of  the  inhabitants  on  the  west  side  of  the  Connecticut  river  to  the  Earl  of  Dun- 

^W^:     'ii^'O  more,  praying  a  confirmation  of  their  patents  on  reduced  fees, 409 

18.  Order  in  council  for  the  prosecution  of  Silas  Robinson, 411 

1771.  Jan.   27.  Petition  from  New  Hampshire  to  the  king  compluning  of  the  oppressions  experienced 
^■'     >-i'  -.r^p         from  New  York  by  the  people  on  the  grants,  and  requesting  that  the  latter  be  annexed 

"'-■  '■  to  New  Hampshire, 412 

Mar.    9.  Extract  of  a  letter  from  Gov.  Dunmore  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  stating  that  the  disorders 

^°       <-.v<''<  which  prevail  in  the  grants  are  designedly  created  and  fomented  by  persons  in  New 

.-.;    ':  - '  Hampshire ;  forwards  report  of  the  Attorney-General,  (with  proofs,)  in  answer  to  the 

^       \:\y-'  ^ow  Hampshire  petition  and  calls  for  a  revocation  of  the  order  suspending  grants  of 

"     *  ^-^  j^  •'    -K'i  lan([  in  that  quarter ;  from  the  people  of  which  he  now  transmits  a  petition  praying 

'^^     ■  to  be  continued  under  N.  York,  (covering,) 414 

''^^  4.  Certificate  of  the  Surveyor-General  that  reservations  have  been  made  in  favor  of  the 

'^  New  Hampshire  occupants  settled  before  the  22d  May,  1765 415 

Feb.  to  Mar.    Sundry  affidavits  in  support  of  the  statements  contained  in  Gov.  Dunnw>re's  letter  and 

tho  Attomey-General's  report 416 

^^^,        May  15.  Return  of  the  number  of  inhabitants  in  the  county  of  Cumberland, 432 

17.  Return  of  the  number  of  inhabitants  in  the  county  of  Gloucester, 432 

'■''  A  list  of  the  heads  of  families  in  the  several  towns  in  the  county  of  Gloucester, 488 

'    '  80.  'Squire  Munro  to  Secretary  Banyar,  giving  an  account  of  ill  treatment  recently  expe- 

.       f.    ■    -     rienced  by  the  "  Yorkers  "  firom  the  settlers  of  Princetown,  with  affidavits  in  support 

^         ->«*^-^    of  his  report, 438 

'.y^        June    6.  Report  of  the  Board  of  Trade  to  the  Lords  of  tho  Privy  Council,  enumerating  the  diffi. 
^^    ,  ,    oulties  attendant  on  the  settlement  of  tho  various  claims  to  the  lands  in  the  northeast 

''' part  of  the  province  of  New  York,  and  submitting  their  decision  ihereupon, 435 

^',^        Aug.  24.  Got.  Tiyon  to  Major  Skene  and  other  magistrates,  ordering  them  to  grant  legal  relief  to 
,^.        Donald  Mclntire  and  others,  recently  dispossessed  of  tL«,ir  lands  by  Robert  Cochrane 

,  .»'*.v..-,     and  other  rioters 489 

'*"'         Sept.  18.  Judge  Wells  to  Attorney-General  Kemp,  acquamting  him  of  a  fraud  committed  by  the 

^ persons  employed  by  the  N.  H.  government  to  survey  the  upper  Connecticut  River, 

•^      -'-*^  *'*  '  (with,) 489 

^  18.  Affidavit  of  Nehemiah  Howe  in  support  of  the  same 440 

^^         '         20.  Memorial  of  John  Munro  praying  to  be  appointed  sheri£f  of  the  city  and  county  of 

';  ,■_  Albany, 441 

'  '  28.  Deposition  of  Samuel  Gardenier,  a  settler  on  the  Wallumschaek  patent  giving  a  detail  of 

' .  .^      J  ]  the  ill  usage  he  received  from  sundry  persons  disguised  as  Indians,  who  destroyed  his 

"*   '     ^  crops  and  threw  down  his  fences,  as  he  did  not  hold  under  New  Hampshire, 442 

80.  Order  of  the  Council  of  New  York  for  the  apprehension  of  Soth  Warner  and  others  of 
^  '  the  Bennbgton  mob, 444 


H 


m 


CONTENTS. 


rAsa. 


~-i 


1771.  Oct.     2.  Oorernor  of  New  York  to  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  relative  to  the  ex  parte 
survey  of  the  Oonnoctioat  Siver,  and  remonstrating  against  the  riots  reoentlj  oom- 

.,_.,r,<  t  ■ )  mitted  by  persons  claiming  to  be  encouraged  by  New  Hampshire, 445 

...  ^  .,. .  \        Sundry  affidavits  to  prove  that  the  sheriff  of  Albany  has  been  violently  resisted  at  Ben- 

.V  nington  in  the  execution  of  his  duty, 446 

Not.    6.  'Squire  Munro  to  Gov.  Tryon ;  the  same  factious  spirit  prevails  throughout  his  neigh- 
borhood ;  the  rioters  are  not  afraid  of  any  force  sent  against  them ;  another  man  dis- 

-  ■ .    I.  possessed, 452 

.,  ;^  12.  Affidavit  of  Charles  Hutchesson  setting  forth  the  destruction  of  his  house  and  property 

by  Allen,  Baker,  Cochran,  and  oihers,  as  "  a  burnt  sacrifice  to  the  Gods  of  the 

;.■     .  world," 468 

,  'Squire  McNachton   to  Colonel  Fanning ;  the  rioters  and  traitors  have  gone  to  the 

mountains  where  it  is  impossible  to  arrest  them, 454 

.  Minutes  of  council  relative  to  Gov.  Wentworth's  letter  to  Gov.  Tryon  touching  the  riot- 
ous conduct  of  the  New  Hampshire  grantees,  455 

Minute  of  council  ordering  a  proclamation  to  be  issued  offering  a  reward  for  the  arrest  of 

Ethan  Allen,  Remember  Baker,  and  other  rioters, 456 

Proclamation  of  Gov.  Tryon  to  the  above  effect.     [Not  printed.] 
Proclamation  of  Gov.  Tryon  sotting  forth  the  title  of  New  York  to  the  territory  west  of 
„    the  Connecticut  river,  recapitulating  the  encroachmenis  of  New  Hampshire,  and  re- 
asserting the  rightful  claim  of  New  York, 456 

.  Gov.  Wcntworth  to  Gov.  Tryon,  (enclosing,) 459 

.  Minute  of  the  New  Hampshire  council  declining  to  publish  Gov.  Tryon's  proclamation 

of  the  11th  ultimo 460 

Judge  Lord  to  Gov.  Tryon,  giving  an  account  of  a  great  riot  at  Putney,  in  Cumberland 

county,  on  27th  of  January,  and  resigning  his  office, 461 

Judge   Chandler  to  the  same,  with  an  account  of  the  above  riot,  objecting  to  Judge 

Lord's  resignation  and  in  favor  of  divers  loyal  subjects  in  hb  vicinity, 462 

]  'Squire  Munro  to  the  same,  with  an  account  of  the  progress  of  the  rioters  at  Benning- 
ton, (and  enclosing,)  468 

Information  given  by  Benjamm  Buck  as  to  what  occurred  at  a  meeting  of  the  rioters  in 

Bennington,  in  the  beginning  of  the  month, 464 

Information  of  Jonathan  Wheate  as  to  the  temper  of  the  Bennington  people, 465 

Judge  Lord  to  Gov.  Tryon  acquainting  him  that  he  had  experienced  every  assistance 
from  the  New  Hampshire  authorities  in  arresting  the  persons  who  had  committed  the 

•     "*        riot  at  Putuey, ' 465 

17.  Order  of  the  governors  of  King's  College,  New  York,  for  the  divbion  and  settlement  of 

their  township  of  Kingsland, 466 

- "    '    '         List  of  civil  officers  for  Gloucester  county, 467 

Mar.  23.  Gov.  Wentworth  to  Gov.  Tryon,  requesting  a  patent  of  confirmation  for  B.  Wcntworth, 

Jr.,  of  5,000  acres  of  land  in  the  town  of  Rockingham, 467 

'  26.  Minute  of  council  setting  forth  that  Allen,  Baker,  &o.,  have  retired  to  the  neighboring 

government ;  the  people  will  not  submit, 468 

April    3.  Secretary  Banyar  to  Judge  Lord ;  his  conduct  approved  of;  his  resignation  cannot  be 

accepted, 468 

7.  Col.  Reid  to  Gov.  Tryon,  with  an  extract  of  a  letter  from  Lord  Dunmore  offering  to 
-  bnild  a  court  house  and  any  other  public  buildings  that  may  be  required  for  Charlotte 

'    ^''-  county,  should  his  township  be  selected  as  the  county  town 469 

-''    8.  Petition  requesting  that  Socialborough  be  declared  the  county  town  of  Charlotte  county, 

and  offering  to  pay  for  the  erection  of  the  public  buildings, 470 


..,■-»■ 

18 

t'        ■  . 

27. 

Deo. 

9. 

11. 

••       ,.-fvvi.. 

■-  < ; 

1772.  Jan. 

8 

•  ■.-•*■; 

8 

29. 

Feb. 

6. 

[No  date. 

Jan. 

24. 

^h■ 

28. 

Feb. 

16. 

m 


1773. 


■^i:^ 


•;.:.*■ 


;  J;t. 


-<ji, 


4f' 


OOMTBNn* 

List  of  oivil  offioen  appointed  for  Onmberland  county 471 

April  15.  An  account  of  the  temper  of  the  riotora  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  province, 472 

May  9.  Examination  as  to  the  causes  of  the  riots  at  Bennington ;  the  inhabitants  of  that  quar- 
ter to  be  inrited  to  lay  the  grounds  of  their  behaviour  before  the  council  of  New 

York, 472 

10.  Minute  of  council  setting  forth  that  the  rioters  had  brought  to  Bennington  two  pieces  of 
oannoB,  and  a  mortar  flmn  the  fort  at  East  Hoosick,  with  powder  and  ball ;  iurthor 

outrages, 473 

19.  QoT.  Tryon  to  the  inhabitants  of  Bennington,  inviting  them  to  send  delegates  to  New 

York  to  explain  their  grievances ' 478 

29.  Examination  of  Jonathan  Wheate,  stating  who  are  the  rulers  at  Bennington,  and  that 

he  had  been  obliged  to  abandon  his  home 474 

Jane    8.  Minute  of  council  setting  forth  the  continued  riotous  spirit  prevailing  among  the  people 

on  the  N.  H.  grants, 475 

9.  Petition  from  the  inhabitants  of  Guilford  praying  for  letters  patent 476 

\*-'-      15.  List  of  townships  formerly  granted  under  New  Hampshire  and  since  confirmed  by  New 

York  ;  list  of  townships  for  which  confirmations  have  not  issued,  though  long  since 

•   V     advised  to  be  granted  ;  list  of  townships  formerly  granted  by  New  Hampshire,  for 

.  -s  f7ij,r*:  j  tHiich  applications  have  been  made  for  letters  of  confirmation  to  be  granted  whenever 

.'■  hb  majesty's  instructions  permit, 477 

25.  Minute  of  council  setting  forth  the  application  on  the  part  of  the  people  of  Charlotte 

county  &o.,  for  protection  against  the  Bennington  rioters, 478 

Jnly  I.  Report  of  the  committee  of  His  Majesty's  council  on  the  letter  received  from  the  inhabi- 
tants of  Bennington,  and  recommending  that  all  further  prosecutions  against  them  be 
suspended  until  His  Majesty's  pleasure  be  known,  on  condition  that  the  said  inhabi- 

'  tants  do  for  the  fiiture  pay  respect  to  the  laws, 478 

'''  15.  Report  of  a  public  meeting  held  at  Bennington  on  receipt  of  the  aforesaid  minut«  of 
council ;  and  of  the  public  rejoicings  at  that  place  in  consequence ;  promising  future 

obedletice, 481 

Aug.  11.  Gov.  Tryon  to  the  inhabitants  of  Bennington  complaining  of  a  breach  of  faith  on  their 

part,  and  a  violation  of  their  promise, 482 

Sept.    8.  lAinute  of  council  respecting  the  conduct,  and  giving  the  substance  of  the  answer,  of  the 

people  of  Benningtan, 483 

29.  ItHnute  of  council  to  the  effect  that  Massachusetts  and  New  Hampshire  are  preparing 

petitions  to  the  king  for  the  extension  of  the  jurisdiction  of  the  latter  west  of  Con- 

:  ' ' .'.  necticut  river ;  the  answer  from  Bennington  declared  to  be  insolent ;  the  growing  evil 

"^ '  ^    '  cannot  be  suppressed  without  the  aid  of  reguLu  troops  ;  further  application  to  be  made 

•'''"'     "to  hu  majesty 483 

Cot.    '7.  Gov.  Tryon  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  ur^ng  a  termination  of  the  controversy  and  that  the 

;  New  Hampshire  grants  be  confirmed  on  half  fees, 484 

21.  Mnute  of  council  setting  forth  renewed  violences  committed  by  Ira  Allen  and  others  on 

Onion  river,  and  recommending  a  reward  to  be  offered  for  their  arrest, 486 

s  21.  Jehiel  Bawley  to  Col.  Skene,  notifying  him  that  he  (H.)  had  been  appointed  agent  on 

behalf  of  the  people  on  tho  grants 486 

Not.  24.  'Squire  Munro  to  Gov.  Tryon,  informing  his  excellenoy  of  the  arrest  of  a  number  of 
r '     *?  a#**  counterfeiters  and  their  subsequent  escape  on  their  way  to  jail ;  the  country  from  Jersey 

to  Cowas  full  of  them ;  Munro's  potashery  destroyed 486 

25.  Blinute  of  council ;  letter  received  from  Ool.  Skene  acquunting  the  government  that 
Hawley  and  Brackenbridge  are  about  visiting  England  on  behalf  of  tho  people  of 
Bennington ;  council's  opinion  of  these  several  parties, 487 


3 
3 
'4 

r6 


178 

478 

481 
482 
483 


483 
484 

485 
486 

486 

487 


COMTKNTS. 

1772.  Doo.     3.  Aepoirt  of  tbo  iBfoarH  oif  xrado  lo  the  L'orfs  Commiltee  of  tlie  Privy  Oounoil,  with  a  plan 

for  the  settlement  of  the  difficulties  respecting  the  Now  Hampshire  grants, 48S 

' '        9.  Lord  Dartmouth  to  Gov.  Tryon,  discountenancing  the  interposition  of  any  military  force 

• '  •:  in  the  existing  dispute  relative  to  the  grants, 494 

:.       ''    ''       23.  Petition  of  the  freeholders  of  Cumberland  county  praying  for  the  privilege  of  electing 

representatives  to  the  Assembly, 495 

1773.  Feb.  Petition  of  the  freeholders  of  Charlotte  praying  that  Skenesboro  be  the  county  town,. .  496 

Petition  to  the  king  from  the  inhabitants  of  Gloucester  and  Cumberland  counties  pray- 

^-'  n  ing  that  the  grants  from  New  Hampshire  in  said  counties,  be  confirmed  by  New  York,     498 

'  -'         •  -        20.  Affidavit  of  Capt.  Wooster  setting  forth  his  experience  in  endeavoring  to  eject  intruders 

'  <^°*''  on  his  lands  on  the  east  banks  of  Lake  Chatnplun,  and  the  determination  of  the  pco- 

•      «  •  :'*  '  ">•>  pie  there  to  resist  his  majesty's  troops  should  they  be  sent  to  support  the  authority  of 

New  Tork 600 

April  10.  Lord  Dartmouth  to  Gov.  Tryon  communicating  the  propositions  made  by  the  Board  of 

r'^  Trade,  and  approved  by  his  majesty, 502 

"■^^       28.  Deposition  of  Philip  Nichols  setting  forth  the  destmction  of  his  fences  and  his  own  eject- 
ment from  his  farm  at  Socialboro'  by  the  mob,  and  the  order  of  council  thereupon, . .     503 
July    1.  Gov.  Tryon  to  Lord  Dartmouth,  setting  forth  the  objections  to  the  report  of  the  Board 

of  Trade,  and  submitting  his  recommendations, 504 

'  Aug.  12.  James  Henderson  to  Mr.   Mackintosh;   Col.   Reid's  mill  and  settlement  on  Otter 

creek  destroyed  by  the  mob 510 

■■Ki  22.  'Squire  Munro  to  Gov.  Tiyon  ;    the  mob  has  broke  loose ;    all  hb  pot  and  pearl  oshery 

-';.-•>  destroyed, 510 

31.  Order  in  council  that  the  governor  request  the  commander  of  his  majesty's  forces  to  oc- 
^^  cupy  forts  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point  with  a  sufficient  body  of  troops  for  the  pur- 

n     :.  :  .1 :  pose  of  aiding  the  civil  magistrate  in  the  execution  of  the  laws, 511 

"'  Sept.    1.  Gen.  Haldimand  to  Gov.  Tryon,  declining  to  furnbh  troops  as  required,  unless  he  per- 

sist in  his  request ;  in  such  case  demands  that  the  expense  attendant  on  their  transpor- 

V         '        tation  be  provided  for, 511 

■"^        -  8.  Minute  of  council  in  answer  to  Gen.  Haldimand's  letter ;  a  court  of  common  pleas  and 

'  general  sessions  established  near  Fort  Edward  for  the  county  of  Charlotte, 512 

25.  Sundry  affidavits  detailing  the  outrages  committed  by  the  mob  on  Col.  Reid's  lands ;  the 

'  dustructiou  of  his  mill,  crops,  &c., 512 

27.  Adolphus  Benzel  to  Gov.  Tryon,  giving  an  account  of  a  man  having  been  unmercifully 

whipped  by  a  party  of  New  Hampshire  rioters, 517 

29.  Opinion  of  the  council  on  receipt  of  a  letter  from   Gen.  Haldimand  offering  to  station 

troops  at  Crown  Point  and  Ticonderoga  for  a  limited  period 517 

Oct.  14.  Lord  Dartmouth  to  Gov.  Tryon  disapproving  of  hia  requisition  on  Gen.  Haldimand  for 

troops, &18 

1774.  Feb.     2.  Petition  of  Benj.  Hough,  giving  details  of  various  illegal  acts  eonmiitted  by  the  Ben- 
nington rioters  and  asking  protection,  (with,) 618 

1773.  Dec.     6.  Deposition  of  Benj.  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Benj.  Hough,  and  others,  as  to  various  in- 

dignities they  suffered  at  the  hands  of  Ethan  Allen,  Remember  Baker,  Seth  Warner, 

&c ., V 620 

1774.  Feb.     4.  Report  of  the  committee  of  Grievances  to  the  New  York  Assembly  on  the  preceding 

papers, i 625 

Mar.    9.  Proehuuation  of  Got.  Tryon  offering  a  reward  for  the  arrest  of  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  War- 
ner, Remember  Baker,  and  other  rioters, .' 626 

Attg.    4.  Affidavit  settbg  forth  that  Amos  Chamberlain  had  been  cited  before  the  judgment  seat 

of  the  Bennington  mob, 627 


I 


OOMTfiMYl. 


risi. 


1774.  Sept.    1. 


-\. 


■Wt 


■s^*- 


le 


Aug. 
Sept.   1. 

''^'  19. 
Oct.  4. 
Deo.    1. 


10. 
1776.  Mar.     9. 


^9*--- 


-(•  • 


'-\i: 


21. 


April  5. 


•ii^fi^  . 


•I" 


7. 

May    4. 
June   7. 

July  20. 


.  .    •     Sept.  25. 
1776. 

'  Sept.  26. 

V         Nov.  20. 

[No  date.] 

1777.  Jan.  20. 


!  r  ■ 


:5'. 


■iij-t 


Yr'fi. 


20. 

Feb.  19. 

Mar.    1. 

[No  date.] 
AprU  11. 


Petition  of  Bonj.  Hough  in  behalf  of  himself  and  the  other  settlers  of  Durham  and 
Socialboro',  setting  forth  other  violent  outrages  by  the  mob,  and  stating  that  the  riot- 
era  had  commenced  erecting  forts,  &c.,  (with,) 529 

Sundry  depositions  in  support  of  tho  said  petition, 530 

Minute  of  council  advising  the  governor  to  apply  to  Oen.  Gage  for  a  military  force  to 
support  the  civil  magbtraoy  and  keep  the  peace  in  Charlotte  county, 534 

Gen.  Gage  to  Lt.  Gov.  Golden  declining  to  furnish  the  required  troops 634 

Lieut.  Got.  Golden  to  Lord  Dartmouth  with  an  account  of  the  events  above  narrated,.     685 

Petition  of  the  freeholders  of  Charlotte  county,  praying  to  be  allowed  to  elect  represen- 
tatives to  the  New  York  Assembly, £86 

Lord  Dartmouth  to  Lieut.  ,Gov.  Golden,  expressive  of  the  hope  that  things  will  mend,.     587 

Petition  of  Benj.  Hough,  with  an  account  of  a  most  cruel  whipping  and  other  barbarous 
treatment  he  received  at  the  hands  of  the  mob, 537 

Depositions  in  support  of  the  statements  contained  in  the  above  petition,  one  of  which 
has  tho  certificate  of  Hough's  punbhment  signed  by  Ethan  Allen  and  Seth  Warner, .     539 

Minute  of  council  relative  to  a  riot  attended  with  loss  of  life  at  Westminster,  in  Cum- 
berland county, 544 

Sundry  affidavits  containing  the  particulars  of  the  above  occurrence, 545 

Lieut.  Gov.  Golden  to  Lord  Dartmouth,  communicating  an  account  of  the  whipping  of 
'Squire  Hough,  and  of  "  a  dangerous  insurrection  "  in  Cumberland  county, 550 

Petition  of  Benj.  Hough  and  Daniel  Walker,  praying  for  leave  to  solicit  relief  from  the 
humane  and  benevolent, 551 

Petition  of  Samuel  Wells  and  others ;  "  Had  it  not  been  for  the  late  unhappy  difference 
in  Massachusetts  Bay,"  peace  had  been  restored  to  the  county  of  Cumberland, 5S2 

Lieut.  Gov.  Golden  to  Lord  Dartmouth ;  His  Majesty's  forts  at  Ticonderoga  and  Crown 
Point  seized,  and  the  garrison  taken  prisoners  by  the  lawless  people  called  tho  Ben- 
nington mob, 553 

Ethan  Allen  to  the  Provincial  Congress  of  New  York  [from  Ticonderoga,]  expressive 
of  hopes  of  reconciliation,  thanking  them  for  their  respectful  treatment  not  only  of 
Mr.  Warner  and  himself,  but  of  the  Green  Mountain  boys  in  general, 554 

Declaration  of  a  Convention  held  at  Dorset, 554 

Memorandum  of  the  opinions  of  some  members  of  Congress  respecting  the  establish- 
ment of  a  new  state  on  the  Connecticut  river, 555 

Mr.  Clay  to  the  sub-oommittee  at  Putney,  directing  that  the  opinions  of  the  people  of 
Cumberland  county  on  revolting  from  New  York  be  sent  to  the  Provincial  Congress,     555 

Minute  of  a  conversation  which  took  place  at  Windsor,  with  the  delegates  from  the  west 
side  of  the  Green  Mountuns 556 

Remonstrance  against  the  appointment  by  Congress  of  Cols.  Allen  and  Warner  to  ruse 
troops  independent  of  New  York,    556 

Report  to  the  New  York  Committ  e  of  Safety  on  the  appointment  of  Seth  Warner  as 
Colonel  in  the  service  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  protesting  against  the  same,.     557 

Hon.  A.  Ton  Broeck  to  the  president  of  Congress,  enclosing  the  aforesaid  report, 559 

Gen  Bayley,  of  Newberry,  to  the  President  of  the  New  York  Convention  ;  a  number 
has  declared  independency  of  the  State  of  New  York, .         560 

Hon.  A.  Ten  Broeck  to  the  president  of  Congress  in  opposition  to  the  pernicious  project 
of  those  who  have  fomented  insurrection  in  the  State  of  New  York, 561 

Brief  considerations  on  the  subject  of  the  independence  of  Vermont, 562 

Thomas  Young  to  the  people  of  the  grants,  recommending  the  constitution  of  Pennsyl- 
vania as  a  model  for  that  of  the  new  state,  and  that  they  send  delegatee  to  Congress,    562 


,'.*i'.Ti' 'ti  ^\ 


H      i  If 


ft    Ml 


534 
634 
686 

586 
687 

587 

689 

644 
646 

660 

651 

552 

568 

554 
554 

655 

556 

556 

556 

557 
659 

I  660 

661 
562 


^, 


eoNtCMtl.  XT 

tASB. 

1777.  April  25.  Declaration  by  the  people  of  Brattleboro'  of  their  allegiance  to  New  York, 564 

May  10.  Report  presented  to  the  New  York  Provincial  Gongrem  on  the  state  of  the  counties  of 

.^.' .  Cuuberland,  Gloucester  and  Charlotte, 664 

'    '  28.  'Hon.  P.  Van  Cortland  to  the  president  of  Congress,  complaining  that  a  faction  in  the 

northeastern  part  of  this  state,  who  have  declared  themselves  independent,  are  coun- 

.' '  tenanoed  by  certain  members  of  Congress, 566 

^  June  23.  John  Williams  to  Secretary  McKisson;  the  grants  declared  an  independent  state  by  the 

V  '  name  of  New  Vermount, 567 

[^..  -J     27.  Besolutions  of  the  Council  of  Safety  of  New  York  on  receiving  the  above  intelligence, .     667 
.,^                 80.  Resolutions  of  the  Continental  Congress  dismissing  the  application  of  Yermont  for  ad- 
mission into  the  confederacy,. 668 

July  17.  Resolution  of  the  New  York  Council  of  safety  directing  the  resolutions  of  Congress  to 

;; ',  be  sent  to  the  several  >  mnties  in  the  grants 569 

'.'     28.  Certificates  from  Capt.  James  Clay  that  he  has  dbtributed  the  resolves  of  the  Continental 

Congress, 670 

Aug.  10.  Warrant  from  the  Council  of  Vermont  to  arrest  James  Clay 570 

16.  Report  of  Capt.  Clay,  giving  an  account  of  his  arrest  and  detention  for  having  acted  un- 
der the  State  of  New  York, 570 

Sept.   2.  Minutes  of  the  committee  of  the  county  of  Cumberland,  wherein  complaint  is  made  of 
^       ..<".<        the  proceedings  of  the  "  Pretended  Council  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,"  and 

authorising  Capt.  Clay  to  be  their  delegate  to  New  York 571 

4.  John  Sessions  to  Secretary  McKisson  on  the  aspect  of  affairs  on  the  Connecticut  Birer,     572 

1778.  Feb,     8.  Proclamation  of  Gov.  Clinton  offering  certun  terms  to  the  people  of  the  grants  for  the 

'  settlement  of  the  said  disputed  lands  in  peaceable  subjection  to  the  authority  of  the 

state  of  New  York, 578 

Oct.  17.  Petition  of  Col.  Spencer  and  other  inhabitants  of  Durham  to  the  legislature  of  New  York, 
complaining  of  ill  treatment  received  from  the  pretended  state  of  Vermont  and  de- 
manding protection, 676 

1779.  May     4.  Petition  from  Cumberland  to  the  same,  demanding  aid, 576 

5.  Col.  Paterson  to  Gov.  Clinton,  informing  him  that  the  Green  Mountain  boys  are  ezpeo- 

<  .  ted  on  Connecticut  river  to  reduce  the  townships  there  under  Vermont 578 

14.  Gov.  Clinton  to  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  commtmicating  his  views  as  to  the  course  the  friends 

of  New  York  in  Vermont  should  pursue  at  the  present  conjuncture, 579 

18.  Gov.  Clinton  to  John  Jay,  president  of  Congress,  with  copies  of  preceding  papers  to  be 
laid  before  congress ;  New  York  cannot  much  longer  continue  a  silent  spectator  of  the 

violences  committed  on  her  citizens, 540 

25.  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  to  Gov.  Clinton,  giving  an  account  of  the  visit  of  Ethan  Allen  and 

his  Green  Mountain  boys  to  Brattleborough,  and  his  conduct  whilst  there, 581 

29.  Gov.  Clinton  to  president  Jay,  enclosing  Mr.  Minot's  letter, ; 681 

29.  Gov.  Clmton  to  the  New  York  delegation  in  Congress ;  intends  to  send  an  armed  force  to 

repair  the  outrage  committed  at  Brattleborough, 582 

June  1.  President  Jay  to  Gov.  Clinton ;  Congress  intends  to  send  a  committee  to  the  grants  to 
inquire  why  the  inhabitants  refuse  to  continue  citizens  of  the  states  which  formerly  ex- 
orcised jurisdiction  over  them, 582 

1.  New  York  Delegation  in  Congress  to  Gov.  Clinton  on  the  same  subject,  and  discoun- 
tenancing all  idea  of  shedding  blood, 583 

3.  President  Jay  to  Gov.  Clinton,  transmitting  to  him  the  names  of  the  committees  recent- 
ly appointed  by  Congress 688 

7.  Gov.  Clinton  to  Samuel  Minot  in  answer  to  his  of  the  25th  May ;  is  obliged  to  take  the 

field  against  the  common  enemy,  recommends  firmness  and  prudence, ,,,,,.     8S4 


?'■■  I  _"im  r^mmmmmmm 


xn 


.1779 

.  June 

\  r. 

7. 

m- 

)  ■■  ■''•.■,  ;■ 

7. 
7. 

V  . 

16. 

jf;,« 

$0 


--^'^     V 


23. 


24. 

Jalj  28. 

1.-.J 

!^  '•   ' 

Aug.  27. 

Sept.  24. 

*■' 

^^^  21. 

Oct.     2. 

1780. 

Feb. 

■ii> 

Jane  12. 

1781. 

1782. 

Feb.  24. 

':■> 


Mar.    1. 

4. 
5. 

May    6. 

Sept.  15. 


27. 
1786.  Feb.  26. 


OONTXNTS. 

riei. 

Qov.  Clinton  to  the  President  of  CongresA,  complaining  of  the  late  conduct  of  Etlmn  Allen, 
a  colonel  in  the  continental  service,  and  of  certain  reRolutiouB  of  Congress ;  "  The 
measure  of  the  sufferings  of  this  State  is  nearly  full," 584 

QoT.  Clinton  to  the  Now  York  delegation  in  Congress  on  the  same  subject, 586 

Got.  Clinton  lo  Qen.  Washington ;  will  soon  be  called  on  to  vindicate  the  authority  of 
the  State ;  applies  for  the  restoration  uf  the  six  pounders  loaned  to  Congress  in  1770,     686 

Bcsolves  of  Congress  recommending  the  immediate  release  of  the  persons  taken  prisoners 
by  Ethan  Allen  at  Brattleborough,  &o 587 

The  committee  of  Congress  to  Samuel  Minot  Esq.,  recommending  him  and  the  other 
friends  of  New  York  to  raise  their  quotas  for  the  defence  of  the  frontiers  (and  en- 
olosing,) • • 588 

Letter  of  Qov.  Chittenden  reoommcDding  the  suspension  of  all  prosecutions  against  those 
who  acknowledge  themselves  subjects  of  the  state  of  New  York, 588 

Gov.  Chittenden's  answers  to  the  queries  of  the  committee  of  Congress, 581) 

Petition  to  Congress  of  the  several  towns  composing  Cumberland  county,  complaining 
of  yarions  oppressions  experienced  from  the  Vermont  faction ;   declaring  their  allegi- 
ance to  New  York,  and  praying  that  the  New  Hampshire  grants  return  to  their  alle- 
giance,       5U0 

Instructions  to  the  New  York  delegates  in  Congress  relative  to  the  disorders  prevailing 
in  the  northeastern  parts  of  the  state  of  New  York, 594 

Besolutions  of  Congress  rccommendiug  the  states  of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts  and 
New  York  to  empower  Congress  to  hear  and  determine  all  differences  between  them 
respecting  boundaries,  ko., 596 

Charles  Phelps  to  the  legislature  of  Now  York ;  state  of  opinion  in  Congress, 598 

Message  of  Qov.  Clinton  to  the  legislature  of  New  York,  with  the  act  of  Congress  for 
settling  the  disturbances  in  the  northeastern  district  of  the  state, 600 

Charles  Phelps  to  Gov.  Clinton  recapitulating  his  services  as  agent  at  Philadelphia,  and 
applying  for  further  remuneration, • 601 

Petition  of  Micah  Townsend  and  others  of  Cumberland  county,  for  compensation  for 
loss  of  property  &o.,  on  account  of  their  fidelity  to  New  York, 602 

Articles  of  union  agreed  to  at  Cambridge,  N.  Y., 608 

Judge  Yates  to  Gov.  Clinton  advising  him  of  the  arrest  of  sundry  persons  adherents  to 
the  state  of  Vermont ;  with  list  of  the  persons  in  custody  and  the  charges  against 
them 604 

Petition  of  the  people  of  Cambridge  regretting  the  deception  they  have  been  subject  to, 
praying  pardon  and  to  bo  allowed  to  return  to  their  allegiance  under  NeW  York,. . . .     605 

Submission  of  the  people  of  Granville, 606 

Submbsion  of  the  people  of  White  Creek  to  New  York, 607 

Gov.  Clinton  to  the  Committee  of  Cumberland  county  assuring  them  that  every  atten- 
tion will  be  paid  to  their  wishes, 607 

Gov.  Clinton  to  Joel  Bigelow,  Esq.,  on  the  subject  of  recent  aggressions  committed  by 
the  opponents  to  the  state  of  New  York  oc  the  grants,  and  recommending  abstinence 
from  all  violence  unless  in  cases  of  self  defence, * 608 

Gov.  Clinton  to  the  committees  of  Cumberland  county  with  an  account  of  the  progress 
of  their  affairs  in  Congress, 609 

Petition  of  Col.  Church  and  other  inhabitants  of  Cumberland  county  to  the  legislature 
of  New  York  praying  for  compensation  for  their  past  losses  and  sufferings  under  Ver- 
mont,       609 


OOHTBNTB. 


»u 


686 
586 
687 


1786.  F«b.  28.  List  of  civil  aad  military  offioen  in  ComberUnd  eonnty  oonuniiiioiMd  by  New  Tork, 

who  hkve  been  either  impriioned,  buiiahed,  or  had  their  effeoti  taken  from  them  by 

authority  of  Vermont,  with  the  eatimated  amoont  of  their  loaaea, 610 

Mar.   1.  Concurrent  resolutions  of  the  New  Tork  legislatare  anthondng  the  laying  out  of  a  town* 

ship,  eight  miles  square,  for  Ool.  Ohnroh  and  his  fellow  suiferers  from  Vermont 611 

List  of  sufferers  in  opposing  the  government  of  the  pretended  state  of  Vermont,  with 

the  proportion  of  land  adjudged  to  i»oh, 61S 

Dec.  12.  Petition  of  Ool.  Patterson  and  others  to  the  legislature  of  the  state  of  New  Tork  pray« 

bg  for  a  grant  of  land  in  compensation  for  their  losses  under  Vermont, 614 

1787.  Feb.     8.  Extract  bom  the  petition  of  Theophelaok  Baohe  and  others,  ezpliuidng  the  mode  in 

which  the  Vermont  controversy  with  New  Tork  was  terminated, 616 

1799.  April  28,  Names  of  the  claimants  who  are  entitled  to  compensation  for  losses  under  Vermont,  with 


^^ 


H' 


the  sums  allowed  them  by  the  New  Tork  commissionen,  and  the  division  of  the  thirty 

4  ^.,,      thousand  dollars  paid  by  Vermont, 616 

<   <'■>  t  <  i  ir^  List  of  authorities  which  may  be  consulted  on  the  preceding  difficulties, 617 

..  ^^.  Petition  of  Sam'l  Robinson  and  others  to  the  king,  dated  November,  1766 610 

, .      Organisation  of  the  Court  of  Olocester  county.  May,  1770,. 622 

Census  of  the  several  towns  in  Cumberland  county,  1771 628 

XV.  MEMOm  OF  JAMES  DELANCET,  Lieut.  Gov.  of  tiie  Prov.  of  New  Tork 626 

MISCELLANIES 680 

First  Church  in  New  Netherland. 


j'^'.'-^. 


-■^^.  .i  V3 


Christmas  on  the  Mohawk  Biver ;  1769. 
First  Episcopal  Church  in  Poughkeepue. 
First  Mail  west  of  Albany.  " ,;,,  ■.  j..';. 

First  Weekly  Mail  to  Albany.  ;       ,.:^ 

Library  of  Sir  Henry  Moody,  Bart.  ..,'•..  .':'  ' 

New  York  Libraries  destroyed  by  the' British.         -  .... 

General  Eraser. 
XVI.  MEMOIR  OF  HON.  JAMES  DUANE ;  Judge  of  tiie  U.  S.  District  Court  of  New  Tork,. . .     641 
XVII.  PROCLAMATION  OF  THE  LAST  OF  THE  ROYAL  GOVERNORS  OF  NEW  YORK,    665 

Clergy  of  the  City  of  New  Tork  in  1796 667 

Father  White's  Indian  Grammar. A  Relic 657 

XVIII.  MEMORIAL  CONCERNING  THE  IROQUOIS ;  By  Rev.  Charles  Inglis,  of  Trinity  Church, 

N.  T., 650 


Vot.  IV. 


%. 


.jjWf^W' 


«l« 


US 


*I -:';»•.  V 


CONTENTS  OF  VOLUME  I. 


'.*  :-\,  i-"  .'fii  <I'J   ^''i;^  MV. 


■  f:.    .\'l' 


m 

I. 
n. 

¥U* 

m. 

IV. 

m 

V. 
VI. 

vn. 

Ij^  vin. 

f;           IX. 

op 

z. 

tj?^ 

XI. 

e?!ff 

zn. 

0^ 

xm. 
xrv. 

XV. 

., 

-  XVI. 

xvn. 

^ 

xvra. 

ti 

XIX. 

\ 

XX. 

XXI. 

3?i 

xxn. 
xxm. 

XXTV. 
XXV. 

'A 

XXVL 

llWtK***^/^'- 

M,i  ■ 


j.'S 


ffjV 


Ptpen  nUtiag  to  Um  IroqQoif  and  oilier  bdUn  TribM. 

Papon  Nktingto  the  Fint  SoUleneni  at  Onondi^a,  and  the  Duworeiy  of  tbeSall  Springi  at  Salina. 

PaiMfa  nUting  to  Pe  OonnoUea'  and  Do  Traoy'a  Ezpediiioiui  againat  tbo  Mohawk  Indiana,  1666-6. 

B^orta  on  tho  Provinoe  of  New  Yoik,  1669-1678.  >^ '    ,,:M  .7^  .^ 

Pi^eia  nlatfa^  to  M.  Do  La  Bane'e  Ezpoditioa  to  Hongiy  Bay. 

QoTWBOr  Doi^aa'a  Boport  on  the  State  of  the  ProTinoe,  1687.  •"■'  *- 

Papon  nlatim  to  DanonTille'e  EzpoditUw  to  tho  CUneaoo  OvmHtj  and  Niagan,  1687. 

NaoMa  of  the  Hale  Inhabitanto  of  Ulster  Co.,  1688. 

Pqpon  nhtiag  to  the  Invaaioa  of  New  Yoik  and  tho  BanHog  of  Sohoneotadj  by  the  Frenob,  1690. 

OiWl  Ual  of  tho  Praviaoe  of  New  York,  1698. 

Papon  lolating  to  Freatenao'a  Expedition  againat  the  Onondegoee,  1690. 

Now  York,  Amy  Liat,  1700. 

Oenaoa  of  tbe  Ooontks  of  Orange,  Dataheaa  and  An>aay,  170S,  1714, 1720.  ' 

Oadwallader  OoUen  on  the  Landa  of  New  York,  1783.  • ;  j)p  i^  . 

P^pen  relating  to  the  Soaqnehannah  lUver,  1688-176T. 

Papon  relating  to  Ogdenabnr|^,  1749. 

Papon  relating  to  Oawego. 

Papon  relating  to  the  Oneida  Ooontry  and  Mohawk  Valley^  1796, 1767. 

Papon  relating  to  French  Seigniories  on  Lake  Champlain. 

Boondaiy  Lbe  between  the  Whites  and  the  Indians,  1766. 

Pqpen  relating  to  the  oity  of  New  York. 

Piqpen  rekting  to  Long  Island. 

Statistioa  of  Population,  1647-1774. 

StatistioB  of  revenue,  Imports,  Exports,  eto.,  1691-1768. 

Papon  relating  to  Trade  and  MannfiMtnres,  1705-1757. 

Bopoat  of  QoT.  Tryon  on  Uie  Slate  of  the  Pmmce,  1774. 

■  CONTENTS  OP  VOLUME  IL 


■(?■■" 


•5ft> 


\.» 


.«■.. 


S»-.u;. 

'  ■'  .i     - 

■i. 

<^Vv 

J 

.-.'i^   .-4.> 

.•■a.'v.'.'^j* 


L 

n. 
m. 

IV. 
V. 


Platen  relating  to  Lt.  Gov.  Liesler's  Administration. 

Early  Bate  Lists  of  Long  IsUnd. 

Mannsoripts  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson. 

Early  Steam  Navigation. 

Pi^  relating  to  Weatem  New  York. 


^(■'- 


•r 


%-^i 


•     ■          '  •         .1       .■            ..  /'  •. 

•"^.       *       ■    7  » 

f  r  s  . ^.i.^  k*.  , j^  vi.?  ,*^  CONTENTS  OP  VOLUME  III.  i  . '   >-|^ 

---■-..   -ii^a.'. 

I.  Obamplidii'i  Esp«ditiou  to  Northern  ud  Weatem  New  Tork,  1609, 1616.  'i-  >. 

II.  Pftpen  xthftiiig  to  tk«  Rnt  Bettlnaent  of  Now  Toik  bj  the  Dutch.  /  |f .  <  /<><) 

ni.  P«p«n  relftting  to  the  Restontion  of  New  Toik  to  die  Bn|^ ;  wA  to  the  ehwgwegitMt  Oeptein 

Mumbg  for  its  Pievioiis  Somnder  to  the  Dateh,  1674, 1676. 
IV.  Papers  reUting  to  the  State  of  Religion  b  the  Prodnoe,  1667—1713.      ^fi^^';^    '  ' 

y.  Papers  relatiBg  to  Knga  Ooimty,  L.  I.  "lA-'^ 

VI.  Pi^en  relating  to  the  Ohuehes  b  Queens  Oonatj.  .  .'   -''•''^        '^■^^■ 

VII.  Platen  relatbg  to  Soflolk  Oo«nty.  '  ;r'«:i«,<9'>J.,  .^fc.  *  »^ 

VIII.  Papers  relating  to  the  Oitj  of  New  Tork.  ...  ; .    .  r  ^>p>' '"'<^*?'^>'*  '^ 

IX.  Papers  relating  to  the  Palatbes. 
X.  Papers  relating  to  the  Manor  of  Livbgston,  bcloding  tho  Fint  SettkmeDt  tt  Sdiohuie,  1680— 

1796.  ,^_    ,   ,,  ^.  -•>•■  .■^*  ■^■^■' 

XI.  Cenaoa  of  Slaves,  1766.     ^■"    '     '  "' 
XII.  Papers  relating  to  Albany  and  A^aoent  Places. 
Kin.  ^peis  relatiag  to  Weatikestsr  Oointy. 
XrV.  Pi4>ers  relating  to  Ulster  and  DotelMes  Coontfsi. 
XV.  Papers  relating  to  Qoakers  and  Monmaas. 
'      XVI.  Rev.  Qideon  Hawley's  Joumey  to  Oghqnaga,  Broome  Oonnty,  1763. 
XVII.  State  w  tke  Angfe-Anerieaa  Ghnreh,  in  1776. 
XVm.  Prioes  of  Land  b  the  State  of  New-TorL,  1791. 
XIX.  Report  of  a  Coounlttee  i^ipobted  to  Explore  d )  Western  Waters  b  the  State  of  New  Tork,  179S. 
XX.  Journal  of  Rev.  John  Taylor's  SCssionaiy  Tour  throvgh  tho  Mohawk  and  Bkek  River  Constries, 

b  1802. 
XXI.  Rectors  of  St.  Peter's  Church,  Albany.  ''^'-       '.■  :^ 

XXn.  Appendix.  -     •     i]^:ui'"i'  '^'-  *^r2^'V';»';  "  "'  ■'''   '  "•'•^  ■"  '-•■'    ■ 

XXm.  Medals  and  Coins. 

XXIV.  Misoallany.  

.^'••.<':vi^^  r- ."/'-:;!    < -r  V  •'» -iTferi'sr  *?<:<^':'*^    I 

i.<,.',f^ '    ■-.-•fr  ■  .>  ■*  yjii'.  ■ktt».'.^-  :*« . 


^•",1  ^  ?»'-l.-' 


^f  *>. 


■.,.■> 


*    !  .  .  .' 

■ .  ■:    ■  -I  *^  .... 

'    ••'   '  INDEX  TO  IUU8TBATI0NS.  -'  *<  k-       i    -^i 

•*»  ^«'''  ■•  ■ ..,.  M!>:t 

PottndU  of  Q«v.  CUBtoB  nd  Lady,  {Frvm  Pltu  loaned  iff  Pitm  Van  Cortlandt,  Eiq.)  To  face  title. 

OiMt  S«ab  of  «k«  PlOTiaea  torn  1628  to  tiM  ReTolation, 1 

I.  8«d  of  New  NatlierluHl.    1628. 
n.  SMloftheDnktorTork.    1684. 
lY.  SwlorvniUuBHidlfwy.    1691. 
•5'vC     *^       V.  Fin»S«Jof  Q«««i  Anne.    1706.  li.-\ 

'^'  Secead  Seel  of  Queen  Anne.    1710. -■■■*  -;■    »'.Ji;:'*^'-v-<v'*'>-, /,i'T?;.;jj,7i'»,v  ','-,> 

,   v.-^  TI.  SeeloTGeoigel.     1718.  U>.>  v  ,    . »  ^»^J     .; 

y^.  Bed  of  Geoige  U.  ,,  ,       .^f/fe^       !. 

Vm.  Bed  of  Oeuge  in.    1767.  :>  '       .    v.  ,    ;L         X   . 

Yiew  of  tke  eity  of  New  Ameterdem.  (now  New  York,) 76 

wad  Anindi  of  New  Netkeriuid, 77 

"^w  of  tke  Battle  of  Lake  George,  1755, '    .        -169 

Portrait  of  Rot.  Jokn  OgQTie,  D.  D.,  fbnnerly  of  St.  Peter's  Ohnroh,  Albany,  and  afterwards  of  Trinity 

Cknidi.  N.  Y.     (Fr«M  Piatt  hantd  >y  the  Vatry  of  Trinity  Ch.) 196 

Topogn^ieal  Map  of  the  Oovntry  around  Fort  Stanwiz,  1758, -826 

Pha  of  Fort  Staawiz,  175S, 826 

Okwograpliioal  Hi^  of  the  Northern  part  of  the  Prorinoe  of  New  York ;  illnstrating  the  controversy  be> 

tween  that  State  and  New  Hampshire, 880 

Poitnita  of  tho  Ooremor,  Uent.  Got.  of  the  State,  and  Speaker  of  the  Assembly,  of  N.  Y.,  in  1798,     •    616 

Portiaita  of  the  Seaaton  of  the  State  of  New  Ywk  in  1798, 616 

"  "      Memhos  of  the  Hoose  of  Assembly  m  1798, 616 

Map  of  the  Gonntiy  of  the  YI  Nations  Proper.    1771, 660 

Plan  of  the  Yillage  of  Bnfilo  and  New  Amsterdam,  

<i.  ;,-  .■   '  *••-  "■      **i  '.     -  ■■        --i   -!  -'.  '     .5,-'     ■.,»•      i     ' 

%.' I.        *r~i "'M**  «>»■.» tv-f  -.••>>;■> ^' ■».;, -I  ••■'  '  ■  .   •.    ■     ■',■'./ 


.1  • 


^—■^t  >•   'S.     .-x-.-J 


.H?! 


«i<«Ni   4«   .p:M't     v«A-i» 


I 


•*(' 


^  "^'Ny.' 


<r »' 


-■^H^-V 


•*?.  *-Hviif:  '  » •/  •  "»  M'lfT'te  «";.  N  Vf 


GREAT  SEALS  OF  NEW  NETHERLAND  AND  NEW  TORI. 


..*•.»■ 


No.  I. 


Seal  or  New  Netherlamd. 
This  is  the  flfst  public  teal  of  the  Province,  and  is  thus  described ;  Argtnt,  a  Beaver,  proper} 
CVwf,  a  Coronet;  Ltgtndi  Sisilltm.  Novi.  Belqii.  In  a  paper  by  Van  der  Donok  entitled,  <<Fu> 
ther  observations  on  the  Petition  of  the  Commonalty  of  New  Netherland,"  it  is  stated,  that  New 
Netherland  was  called  a  Province,  because  it  waS  invested  by  their  High  Mightinesses  with  the 
arms  of  an  Earl.*  The  engraving  is  copied  from  an  impression  of  the  seal  in  the  office  of  the 
Secretary  of  State.*  It  was  in  use  until  1664,  and  afterwards,  we  presume,  under  Gov.  Colve  in 
1678,4.  •  ' 

Seal  of  the  Duke  or  Toes. 
This  is  a  eopy  of  the  Royal  arms  of  the  House  of  Stuart  which  BurJie  thus  describes— Quar- 
terly, first  and  fourth,  Feamcb  and  Emglamd  quarterly;  second,  or,  a  lion  rampant,  within  a  double 
tressure,  floiy  counter  floiy,  gu.  Scotlamd;  third,  az.  a  harp,  or,  stringed,  ar.  Ireland.*  MottOf 
«  Horn.  sorr.  qoi.  mal.  t  rKWE.*'  Ltgtndj  Sioill.  Provine  Novi.  Eborac.  Cre«f,a  Coronet  com- 
posed of  crosses  and  lleur  de  lis,  with  one  arch ;  which,  Burke  adds,  the  Duke  of  York  was 
directed  to  use,  by  a  Royal  Warrant  dated  9th  Feb.  1662.  There  are  several  impressions  of  this 
seal  in  the  first  Vol.  of  Land  Papers,  in  the  Sec'y's  office.  They  are  Incumbent,  but  those  to  the 
Patent  of  Renselaerwyck  (1685,)  and  to  the  charter  of  the  city  of  Albany  (1686,)  are  pendant. 
The  earliest  impression  in  the  Sec'y^s  office  is  to  a  patent  dated  20th  August,  1670,  and  from  the 
&ct  that  the  patents  issued  by  Governor  Nicolls  are  sealed  only  with  his  signet,  it  is  Inferred  that 
the  Great  Seal  now  reproduced  was  received  in  October,  1669,  at  the  same  time  as  the  seal  pre- 
sented by  Gov.  Lovelace  to  the  city  of  New  York.* 


,>..■'■»'«■;■ 


^  lit  ■  •j^-'- 


;-.i??-''?«^:*' 


..-  J-,  -.=-:--,.  .-v/  'M^f^  1^-      in.  ^■■ 

Seal  or  James  II. 

We  have  not  been  able  to  find  an  impression  of  this  seal,  the  Warrant  for  which  bears  date  14th 
August,  1687.  It  is  described  therein  as  having  "on  the  one  side  our  Royal  effigies  on  Horseback 
in  Arms  over  a  Landskip  of  Land  and  Sea,  with  a  Rising  Sun,  and  a  Sorole  containing  this  mottO| 
Ajuvbq:  cr  Idem.  And  our  Titles  round  the  circumference  of  the  said  Seal ;  There  being  also 
engraven  on  the  other  side  Our  Royal  Arms  with  the  Garter,  Crown,  Supporters  and  Motto,  with 
this  Inscription  round  y*  Circumference  Sioillcm  Protimcije  Nostrs  Noti  Eboraci  etc.,  im 
America.***  Despatches  of  the  above  date  were  received  in  New  York  on  the  2Ist  November 
following.*  In  the  year  1688,  Sir  E.  Andros  was  commissioned  governor  of  all  the  Colonies fh>m 
Maine  to  New  Jersey,  inclusive.  By  his  instructions  the  provincial  Seal  of  New  York,  authorized 
the  preceding  year,  was  ordered  to  be  broken  and  defaced,  and  « the  Seal  appointed  for  the  said 


1  Hoi.  Do*.  IV.  ss. 

4  VolMOthW  MowMl  of  «U 

ILMA.DO0.V.1SS. 


1  LuidPopon,  T. 

«r  N.  T.  for  1849.    S4S. 

•  Co«M.  ma.  V.  IIS. 


S  BBriw*f  Boeyo.  «f  HonUbjr.   Bojal  Anuiy. 


ORBAT   •UAIM   OF    MIW    NBTHBBLARD   AMD   MBW    rOMK. 


Colony  t>f  New  England  "  wai  directod  to  b«  theneeforth  made  um  of  "  for  all  that  our  Territory 
and  Dominion  In  Its  largest  extent  and  boundaries  aforementioned."*    .*   -tt.  .>u  ^         •!.. 


/W*^' 


t^f  ••••«*  al  >i 


IV. 


m*r$     j^   Ia    or.. 


6cAL  or  Kino  William  amd  Qubbm  Mabt. 

Tn  1689,  a  revolution  broke  out  in  New  York,  and  the  government  of  James  II.  was  deposed. 
In  December  of  that  year  Jacob  Leisler  asiumcd  tha  title  of  Lieutenant  Governor  of  the  Pn)vince, 
and  "adventured  to  make  a  new  Seale  for  the  province,  altering  the  Duke  of  York's  Coronet,  and 
pkvlng  the  Crowne  of  England  in  its  stead."*  _^ 

A  new  offlelal  Seal  was,  however,  brought  over  by  Gov.  Sloughtcr,  the  warrant  for  which  bean 
date  aist  May,  1600.*  It  served  as  the  model  for  all  the  Great  Seals  of  New  York  subsequeatlj 
received  ttom  England,  and  has,  on  one  side,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  engraving,  the  effigies  of  the 
King  and  Queen,  and  two  Indians  kneeling  offering  as  presents— the  one,  a  roll  of  Wampum,  the 
other  a  Beaver  skin.  Around  the  circumference  are  their  Majesties  titles — Ovlixlmvb  III.  xt 
Mabia.  II.  Dei.  Ora.  Mag.  Bhit.  Fran.  Hib.  Rax  et  Reoina.  Fid.  Def.  On  the  reverse  are  the 
Royal  Arms  with  the  Garter,  Crown,  Supporters  and  Mutto,  and  this  inscription— Siuillvm 
Phovinc.  N08TR.  Nov.  Ebob.  etc.  in  America.  These  arms  are,  it  will  be  remembered,  the  same 
ai!  those  on  the  Stuart  seal,  with  the  addition,  however,  of  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  containing 
ft  Lion  rampant,  for  the  arms  of  Nassau,  of  which  house  King  William  was  a  member.  It  has 
some  other  peculiarities  worthy  of  attention.  Much  Importance  has  been  attached  to  this  seal 
from  the  fhct  that  It  was  affixed  to  several  patents  in  this  country  after  the  King's  death.  But  the 
objections  made  to  the  validity  of  those  patents,  on  that  account,  must  disappear  when  the  fhct 
Is  understood,  that  this  seal  was  not  8ni>er8eded  until  Sept.,  1705— three  years  and  a  half  after 
the  King's  demise.  The  engraving  is  from  the  Seal  attached  to  the  original  Charter  of  Trinity 
Church,  N.  Y.,1697,  in  the  State  Lib.,  and  to  the  Commission  of  Johannis  Abeel,  Mayor  of  Albany, 
1^04,  In  the  Albany  Institntd. 


i.^. 


.ni'/ijV  *•'«'« 


^...  J.-  i<: .  n*  f 


.■VrJsI".-.-  4  r-  V* 


,   *  Seal  or  Queen  Anne. 

There  were  two  Great  Seals  for  the  Province  in  this  reign.  ..  - 

1.  The  first,  the  warrant  for  which  bears  date  the  3d  May,  1705,<  was  brought  out  by  Col.  Nott, 
of  Virginia,'  and  was  received  on  6th  of  September  following  when  that  of  William  and  Mary 
was  defaced,*  and  sent  back  to  England  broken.''  On  the  one  side  are  the  Queen's  effigy  and  the 
Indians  offering  their  tokens  of  submission,  as  before,  with  Royal  titles  Anna.  Dei.  Gba.  Mao. 
Bbit.  Fran.  et.  Hib.  Reoina.  Fid.  Defen.  On  the  reverse,  the  Stuart  arms  as  already  described, 
(see  n.) — the  escutcheon  of  Nassau  having  been  removed  on  the  death  of  the  King — with  Crown, 
Garter,  Supporters  and  Motto,  and  this  Inscription,  Sigillvm.  pRoviNciiE.  Nostbje.  Novi.  Ebobaci. 
IN.  Amebica.  Motto— Semper  Eadem.  The  Engraving  is  copied  from  the  Seal  in  the  State 
Library  to  a  Patent  of  Anne  Bridges  and  others  for  a  tract  in  Westchester  Co.,  dated  25th  Sept., 
1708. 

2.  The  Union  1)etween  England  and  Scotland,  in  1706,  rendering  a  new  Seal  requisite,  a  second 
one  was  ordered  on  29th  October,  1709,  and  received  on  the  arrival  of  Gov.  Hunter,  14th  June, 


1  LoDd.  Dm.  VI.  1S5.    Doeamenti  nlating  to  Uia  Ool.  Hiit.  of  K.  York.  HI.  M«. 
t  bmaoalMb.  vn.  f».    DM.'»A(Mflgte<M.  IUat.orN.  T.in.  SM. 
3  Book  of  OoDiniHiontn,  S««y'i  Off.  11.  16.  4  Lond.  Doe.  XVI.  188. 

9  CoBBO.  Mis.  IX.  5SS.  7  LoDd.  DoO.  XVI.  911. 


VlbldSCVT.  tn. 


t 


OHIAT    ■BALI   or   MBW    HVTHSkLAMO    AMD   MBW    TOU.  *t 

1710,  when  that  of  1705  WM  broken.  •  The  Queen'a  efflgy,  th«  Indians  with  the  Royal  titles,  are 
the  MUie  88  oil  the  flnt  teal ;  on  the  revene,  the  Hoyal  arnii,  now  ehanged  In  conietiuence  nf  the 
Union ]  on  the  tint  nnd  fourth  quarten,  England  Impalea  Scotland;  on  the  Mcoud  are  the  llliei 
of  France  i  <in  the  third  the  Harp  for  Ireland,  and  the  former  Motto,  Semper  Eadeni.  Around 
the  I'jrcumferenc*  in  the  inscription  Sioilltm.  PaoviMcijE.  Norraa.  EooaAci.  in.  Amesica.  TbUi 
•eal  waa  not  superseded  Ufltil  July  1718,  four  yean  after  the  Queen's  d^th. 

Seal  or  Obo»ob  I. 
This  seal  was  ordered  8th  Ootob.  1717,  and  received  "by  Hopkins"  on  1st  July,  1718,  when 
that  of  Queen  Anne  was  broken,*  and  returned  to  the  Board  of  Trade.*  On  the  one  side  are,  the 
efSgy  of  his  Majesty,  two  Indians  offering  presents ;  and  around  the  circumference  the  royal  titles 
— Oeoroivs.  D.  O.  Mao.  Bkit.  Fbam.  et.  Hib.  Rex.  Bevn.  et.  Lvn.  Dvx.  Sa.  Ro.  Im.  Aec.  Tiies. 
ET.  PaiN.  Elec.  On  the  reverse,  the  royal  amis.  Garter,  Crown,  Supporters  and  Motto,  and  this 
Inscription,  Sioillvm.  Provimciji:.  Nostra:.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in.  America.  The  "  Semper  Endem  " 
of  the  last  seal  is  replaced  by  Ditu  et  Mm  Droit ;  and  on  the  escutcheon  we  have,  first,  the  arms 
of  England  empaling  those  of  Scotland ;  second  France ;  third  Ireland  ;  fourth  gu.  two  lions 
passant  guard,  in  pale  or,  for  Brunswick ;  Impaling,  or,  semde  of  hearts  gu.  a  Hon  ramp.  nz.  for 
Lunenburgh,  on  a  point  in  gu.  a  horse  courant  ar.  for  Saxony ;  on  the  centre  of  the  fourth  quarter 
an  escutcheon  gu.  charged  with  the  Crown  of  Charlemagne,  or,  as  Arch-troasurer  of  the  Holy 
Roman  Empire.*     ...  ,  ,v,v     v.^.,  ,,.,  v r,».  ^  .  •.  ,.    i, 

Seal  or  Gbobob  II. 
This  seal  Is  a  finer  specimen  of  the  arts  than  the  last,  and  exhibits  a  progressive  change  in  the 
dress  and  drapery  of  the  principal  figure.  The  kneeling  Squaw  is  introduced  here  for  the  first 
time  nude,  and  great  care  is  bestowed  In  delineating  the  skin  she  ofiers,  In  which  we  can  almost 
trace  the  perfect  outline  of  the  animal  to  which  It  belonged.  There  is  another  Improvement 
worthy  of  remark — the  inscriptions  on  this  and  the  next  seal  are  on  the  sides  opposite  to  those 
they  heretofore  occupied.  The  words  "SiGiLLy>i.PRViNCLiB.NosTRjE.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in  America," 
are  appropriately  on  the  side  representing  American  gifts;  whilst  the  Royal  titles — "  Oeoroius. 
II.  D.  O.  Mag.  Bbi.  Fr.  et.  Hib.  Rex.  F.  D.  Bbun.  et.  Lun.  Dux.  S.  R.  I.  Aac.  Th.  bt.  Pr.  El." 
surround  the  Royal  arms  on  the  reverse  side.  These  arms  are  the  same  as  those  last  de8crib4>d, 
but  their  design  and  finish  are  Immensely  superior.  This  engraving,  also.  Is  from  an  impression 
In  the  State  Library. 

.,  -?'>.^  vm.  'T  ..-J- 

'■  vvf  V  i--:  ^f  :.  Seal  of  Oxoboe  III.  <  ^rvv  ':,;  .'■^^.■j.'  bc>  ■'-  ■  (  "*  'j*:? 
The  warrant  for  this  seal  bears  date  9th  July,  1767 ;  It  was  received  on  the  following  3d  Octo- 
ber* (seven  years  after  the  death  of  Geo.  II.,)  and  the  preceding  seal  was  retiumed  to  the 
Colonial  office.  The  principal  side,  where  the  Indians  are  offering  their  gifts  to  the  King,  is  sur- 
rounded by  the  Inscription  "Sioillvm.  Pbovincia.  Nostbje.  Novi.  Eboraci.  in  Ambbica;"  on  the 
reverse  are  the  Royal  arms  (as  last  described,)  with  the  royal  titles — Geoboivs  III.  D.  G. 
Mao.  Bbi.  Fa.  bt.  Hib.  Rex.  F.  D.  Bbun.  et.  Lun.  Dux.  S.  R.  I.  Ab.  Thes.  bt  £l.  This  was  the 
Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York  down  to  the  Revolution. 


1  Oonne.  Un.  Z.  S19.      '  -  ' 
4  BnrlM't  Huejtivp.  of  Htnldry. 


>  Ibid.  XI.  49S,  497,  498. 
(  CoaM.  lOn.  ZXVI.  108. 


S  LoDd.  Doe.  ZZI.  44. 


MaMW«t«HiW<< 


*'.'"'  ^''S^{f'^9itjfj^^'^ 


■.4 


■I. 


vv-f.,'; 


)/ 


"K  A IL.  vA-  n  E  W-  NK  T  III  E  H  L  Av  tT  B 


I 


I 


'Ccpi^'i  ftcni nn  iin.FresKioii m  thr  CtUce  nt' the  ;:'?eri.' t.i n-    t'  S ta t^ 


■  Ij;    V  .;,r,n 


>iihi- 


"  iT  "  •>    .  }  (5  3  '„' 


i 


![ 


-IfiHdBAT'  SEAL 


SSTBRSB 


,       ;JKKA.T  UK  hi. 
ofthe 

V  5«irVlIMr  W  of  CTBW  YOJftJHL 

lyiO    TO  1718 


»  .  M  '1^  ^L''y. 


'  ^  \   y  W  .\ 


^/X 


*'**'*^t«  a,pr,„i^nUiS»'' 


U^t 


o.^V 


17 »»  TO  I'm©. 


f 


■,  I  ■iHl-ltJii  WWftJiiptffI 


v.no   TO  1/18 


tj-'i'itt.iri    M'^trr." 


4. 


A 


' 


*J  i-Prfh  rf*l     '/-■■, 


♦**• 


«IH(BAT  KTEAl!. 

of  the 


^v; 


'""''* 'i-om. M:„p...sun.u^»^"  ■ 


van 

CJREAT  SKAIL 


""iiy. 


"'«aimpr,„,j,aiiiS«w"- 


X «./ '■.'I* /.V  ^ /Wn  .vy  i  y  /S  Xiyt.'  I 


U. a  IB  AT  .'4KAL 
ofUic 


, .«  V  X  .<  .J  » 


:.:r.TT   _,-  •.--"''■'-' 


:/llJ 

«rihi« 

B'  U  i^  V  H 1  r  -i  •  K  .W  M  K  W  V .;  K  M 
H'/UV  to  tub  »Kvonrrii<)>w 


•'■oiaji  mpTMnionm'.".w 


•> 


•  ^1 .- 1  J'  ^■'1hf*.{  '■ 


ij,v 


VI IJ 

offhr 

PBOV lire  B  of  rTK  V/  V©  B.  K 

1V07  TO  TUH  Mll*-'OI.irTIOW 

u   K  V  H  H   '1  k 


^v.L-,^  .•<^'i- 


;.o., 


,4  ■ 


\0\  ^ 


'«  >• 


;/*^"- 


1-: 


iirrTi^c^' 


"■<.  V  '' 


* 


"llV, 


'■*«laari,,.<i,  iui.A'*"^'''' 


.    14  l-r-fU.it:,     '  A,. 


/ 


I 

I        I 


I 


•'  '.•?' 


*         '     \ 


X 


JOURNAL 


•r'      '•      >•' '»'■■'*■ 


0» 


'   c^  ■•■: 


i  if-i 


WE¥   NETHERLAND. 


1647. 


Written  in  the  years  1641, 1642, 1648, 1644, 1646  and  1646 


Vol.  IV. 


y 


•m^r^-mi>*'>miu'» 


•yr^^^vr^mm'm'fifiiw  '■• 


*,*  The  following  is  a  trandation  of  a  fragment  of  a  Dutch  MS.  fonnd  in  the  Royal  Librarr  at  the  Hague,  and  copied  into 
the  8d  TOl.  of  the  Holland  Documents,  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office,  Albany. 


JOURNAL  OP  NEW  NETHEELAND. 


Brief  Description  of  JVew  J^etherland. 

New  Netherland  (so  called  because  it  was  first  Irequented  and  peopled  by  free  Netherlanders)  is 
a  province  in  the  most  northern  part  of  America  lying  between  N.  England  (which  bounds  tfattu  on 
the  N.  £.  side)  and  Virginia  lying  to  the  S.  W.  The  Ocean  is  confined  along  its  whole  length  by  a 
clean  sandy  coast,  very  similar  to  that  of  Flanders  or  Holland,  having  except  the  rivers  few  bays  or 
Harbors  for  ships,  the  air  is  very  temperate,  inclining  to  dryness,  healthy,  little  subject  to  sickness. 
The  four  seasons  of  the  year  are  about  as  in  France,  or  the  Netherlands  the  difference  is,  the  Spring 
is  shorter  because  it  begins  later,  the  Summer  is  warmer  because  it  comes  on  more  suddenly,  the 
Harvest  is  long  and  very  pleasant,  the  Winter  cold  and  liable  to  much  snow ;  two  winds  ordinarily 
prevail :  the  N.  W.  in  Winter  and  the  S.  W.  in  Summer ;  the  other  winds  are  not  common ;  the  N.  W. 
corresponds  with  our  N.  E.  because  it  blows  across  the  country  from  the  cold  point  as  our  N.  £.  does. 
The  S.  W.  is  dry  and  hot  like  our  S.  E.  because  it  comes  from  the  Warm  countries ;  the  N.  E.  is  cold 
and  wet  like  our  S.  W.  for  similar  reasons.  The  character  of  the  country  is  very  like  that  of  France ; 
the  land  is  reasonably  hilly  and  level.  To  wit,  broken  along  the  coast  by  small  Rocky  hills  unfit  for 
agriculture ;  farther  in  the  interior  are  pretty  high  Mountains  (generally  exhibiting  great  appearance 
of  minerals)  between  which  flow  a  great  number  of  Small  Bivers,  in  some  places  there  are  even 
some  Lofty  ones  of  Extraordinary  Height,  but  not  many ;  its  fertility  falls  behind  no  province  in 
Europe  in  excellence  as  in  cleanness  of  fruits  and  seeds.  There  are  three  principal  rivers,  to  wit : 
the  Fresh, 'the  Mauritius'  and  the  South'  River  all  three  reasonably  wide  and  deep,  adapted  for  the 
navigation  of  large  ships  twenty  five  miles  up*  and  of  common  barks  even  to  the  falls,  from  the 
river  Mauritius  off  to  beyond  the  Fresh  river  stretches  a  Canal  that  forms  an  Island,  forty  miles 
long,  called  Long  Island,  which  is  the  ordinary  passage  from  N.  England  to  Virginia  having  on 
both  sides  man^  harbours  to  anchor  in  so  that  people  make  no  difficulty  about  navigating  it  in 
winter.  .  The  Country  is  generally  covered  with  trees,  except  a  flew  valleys  and  some  large  Flats  of 
Seven  or  Eight  miles  and  less ;  the  trees  are  as  in  Europe — viz.  Ouk,  Hickory,  Chestnut,  Vines. 
The  animals  are  also  of  the  same  species  as  ours,  except  Lions  and  some  other  strange  beasts,  many 
Bears,  abundance  of  Wolves  which  harm  nobody  but  the  small  cattle.  Elks  and  Deer  in  abundance, 
Foxes,  Beavers,  Otters,  Minx  and  such  like.  The  birds,  which  are  natural  to  the  Country  are 
Turkeys  like  ours.  Swans,  Geese  of  three  sorts.  Ducks,  Teals,  Cranes,  Herons,  Bitterns,  two  sorts 
of  Heath  fowls  or  Pheasants.  The  River  fish  is  like  that  of  Europe,  viz.  Carp,  Sturgeon,  Salmon, 
Pike,  Perch,  Roach,  Eel,  &c — In  the  Salt  waters  are  found  Codfish,  Shellfish,  Hiring  and  so  forth, 
also  abundance  of  oysters  and  muscles. 

The  Indians'  are  of  ordinary  stature.  Strong  and  broad  shouldered ;  olive  color,  light  and 
nimble  of  foot,  subtle  in  disposition,  of  few  words  which  they  previously  well  consider,  hypocritical, 
treacherous,  vindictive ;  brave  and  obstinate  in  self  defence,  in  time  of  need  right  resolute  to  die. 
They  seem  to  despise  all  the  torments  that  can  be  inflicted  on  them  without  onre  uttering  a  sigh — 


1  Connecticut.    2  Hudson.    3  Delaware.    4  Dutch  miles,  one  of  wliich  is  cnual  to  three  ICtiglisli: 


4  JOURNAL   or   NEW    NETHEBLANO. 

go  almost  naked  except  a  lap  which  hangs  before  their  nakedness,  and  on  the  shoulders  a  deer  skin 
or  a  mantle,  a  fatliom  square  of  woven  Turkles  feathers  or  peltries  sewed  togetlier,  they  make  use 
now  greatly  of  Duffels,  Cloths  Blue  or  Red,  in  consequence  of  the  frequent  visils  of  tlie  Cluistiuiis. 
In  winter  tliey  make  shoes  of  Deer  Skins,  manufactured  after  their  fiishion.  Except  their  chit-l's, 
they  have  generally  but  one  wife  whom  they  frequently  change  according  to  caprice ;  she  must  do 
all  the  work,  as  well  corn  planting  as  wood  cutting  and  whatever  else  is  to  be  done.  Tliey  are 
divided  into  various  nations.  They  differ  even  in  Language,  which  would  be  altogetlier  too  long  to 
be  narrated  in  this  short  space.  Tliey  dwell  together  mostly  from  friendship,  in  tribes  over  whicli 
commands  a  cliief  who  is  General  and  is  generally  called  Sackema  possessing  not  much  authority  and 
little  advantage,  Unless  in  their  dances  and  other  ceremonies.  Tliey  have  liardly  any  knowledge  of 
God,  no  Divine  Worship,  no  Law,  no  Justice,  the  Strongest  does  what  he  pleases  and  the  Youtlis  are 
maste*  Their  weapons  are  the  Bow  and  Arrow,  in  the  use  of  which  they  are  Wonderful  adepts. 
They  live  by  Hunting  and  Fishing  in  addition  to  maize  which  the  Women  Plant. 


By  Wwm  and  How  JVew  Ketherland  was  peopled. 

The  subjects  of  the  Lords  States  General  had  frequented  this  Country  a  long  time  ago  solely  for 
the  purpose  of  the  fur  trade.  Since  the  year  1623  tlie  Incorporated  West  India  Company  caused 
four  Forts  to  be  erected  in  tliat  Country — Two  on  the  River  Mauritius  and  one  on  each  of  tlie 
other  [rivers] ;  the  biggest  stands  on  the  Point  funned  by  the  Mauritius  river  and  the  otlier  mentioned 
heretofore;  their  Honors  named  it  New  Amsterdam ;' and  six  and  thirty  miles  upwards  another 
called  Orange  that  on  the  South  river  is  Nassaw  and  that  on  Fresli  River,  the  Good  Hope,  the 
Company  hath  since  continually  maintained  garrisons  tliere ;  In  the  beginning  their  Honors  had 
sent  a  certain  number  of  Settlers  thither,  and  at  great  expense  had  three  Sawmills  erected,  wliich 
never  realised  any  Profit  of  consequence,  on  account  of  their  great  charge,  and  a  great  deal  of 
money  was  expended  tor  the  advancement  of  tlie  country,  but  it  never  began  to  be  settled  until 
every  one  had  liberty  to  trade  witli  the  Iiuiians,  inasmuch  as  up  to  this  time  no  one  calculated  to 
remain  there  longer  than  the  expiration  of  his  bounden  time,  and  therefore  did  not  apply  themselves 
to  Agriculture.  Yea,  even  tlie  Colonie  of  Renselaerwyck  was  of  little  consequence  but  as  sfion  as  it 
[the  trade]  was  opened,  many  Servants,  who  had  prospered  under  tlie  Company,  applied  for  tiieir 
discharge,  built  liousesand  formed  plantations,  spread  themselves  broad  and  wide,  Eacli  seeking 
the  best  land,  and  to  be  nearest  the  Indians  in  order  thus  to  trade  with  them  advantageously,  others 
bought  Barks  with  which  to  trade  gootls  at  the  North  and  at  the  Soutli,  and  as  the  Lords  Directors 
gave  free  passage  from  Holland  thitlier,  that  also  caused  many  to  come :  On  the  otliei  liand,  tlie 
English  came  both  from  Virginia  and  N.  England.  Firstly,  divers  Servants,  whose  time  with  their 
masters  had  expired,  on  account  of  the  good  opportunity  to  plant  Tobacco  here — afterwanis  Families 
and  finally  entire  Colonies,  forced  to  quit  tliat  i)lare  botli  to  enjoy  freedom  of  conscience  and  to  escape 
from  tlie  Insupportable  Government  of  N  England  and  because  many  more  commodities  were  easier 
to  be  obtained  here  than  there,  so  that  in  place  of  iSevm  Bouweries  and  Two  (5)  three  plantations 
which  were  here,  men  saw  thirty  Bouweriex,  as  well  cultivated  and  stocked  as  in  Europe.  A 
Hundred  Plantations  Avhich  in  Two  or  three  [years]  would  become  regular  BouAveries.  For  after 
the  Tobacco  was  out  the  ground.  Corn  Was  planted  there  with  Ploughing.  In  the  winter  men  were 
busy  preparing  new  lands.  Five  English  Colonies  which  by  Contract  had  [settled]  under  us  on 
equal  terms  as  tlie  others.  Each  of  these  was  in  appearance  not  less  than  a  liundred  families  strong, 
exclusive  of  the  Colonie  of  Hensselaers  Wyck  whicli  is  prospering,  with  that  of  Myndert  Meyndertsz 
and  Cornells  Molyii,  wlio  began  first,  Also,  the  Village  (Vlcrk)  N.  Amsterdam  around  the  i'Drt,  a 


JOL'HNAl.   OF    NEW    NETHERLANO. 


Hundred  families,  so  that  there  was  appearance  of  producing  supplies  in  a  year  for  Fourteea 
tliousand  Souls,  without  straitning  the  Country,  and  were  there  no  want  of  laborers  or  Farm  servants 
twice  as  much  could  be  raised,  considering  that  fifty /fls/«  of  Rye  and  fifty  lasts  oi  Peas  still  remained 
over  around  the  fort  after  a  large  quantity  had  been  burnt  and  destroyed  by  the  Indians,  Who  in 
a  short  time  quickly  brought  this  Country  to  nought  and  hud  well  nigh  destroyed  this  good  hope, 
In  manner  following — 

The  Came  of  the  JVeu>  JVetherland   War  and  ihe  Sequel  thereof. 

We  have  already  stated  tliat  the  cause  of  the  population  of  N.  Netherland  was  tlie  Liberty  to 
trade  with  the  Indians.  We  shall  now  prove  that  it  also  is  the  cause  of  its  ruin,  producing  two 
contrary  efiects,  and  that  not  without  reason  as  shall  appear  from  the  following. 

This  Liberty  then  which  in  every  respect  was  most  gratefully  received,  of  which  use  should  have 
been  made  as  of  a  precious  gift,  was  very  soon  perverted  to  a  great  abuse.  For  Every  one  thought 
that  now  the  time  had  come  to  make  his  fortune,  withdrew  himself  from  his  Comrade,  as  if  deeming 
him  suspected  and  the  Enemy  of  his  Desire,  Sought  communication  with  the  Indians  from  whom  it 
appeared  his  profit  was  ,to  be  derived.  That  ceated  first  a  division  of  power  of  dangei-ous 
consequence,  in  opposition  to  their  Mightinesses'  Motto' — produced  altogether  too  much  familiarity 
with  the  Indians  which  in  a  short  time  brought  forth  contempt,  usually  the  Father  of  Hate — not 
being  satisfied  witli  merely  taking  them  into  their  houses  in  the  customary  manner,  but  attracting 
them  by  Extraordinary  attention,  such  as  admitting  them  to  the  table,  laying  napkins  before  them, 
presenting  Wine  to  them  and  more  ot  that  kind  of  thing,  which  they  did  not  receive  like  Esop's  man, 
but  as  their  due  and  desert,  insomuch  that  they  were  not  content  but  began  to  hate  when  such 
civilities  were  not  shewn  them.  To  this  familiarity  and  freedom  succeeded  another  Evil.  As  the 
Cattle  usually  roamed  tlurough  the  Woods  without  a  Herdsman,  they  frequently  came  into  the  Corn 
of  the  Indians  which  was  imtienced  on  all  sides,  committing  great  damage  there ;  tliis  led  to  frequent 
complaints  on  their  part  and  finally  to  revenge  on  the  Cattle  without  sparing  even  the  horses,  which 
were  valuable  in  this  Country.  Moreover  many  of  our's  took  the  Indians  into  service,  njaking  use  in 
their  houses  of  those  in  their  employ.  Thus  laying  before  them  our  entire  circumstances,  and 
sometimes  becoming  weaiy  of  their  work,  they  took  leg-bail  and  stole  much  more  than  the  amount 
of  their  wages.  This  freedom  caused  still  greater  mischief,  for  tlie  inhabitants  of  Rensselaer wyck 
who  were  as  many  traders  as  persons,  Perceiving  that  the  Mohawks  were  craving  for  guns,  which 
some  of  them  had  already  received  from  the  English,  paying  for  each  as  many  as  Twenty  Eeavers 
and  for  a  pound  of  powder  as  much  as  Ten  to  Twelve  guilders,  they  came  down  in  greater  numbers 
than  was  their  wont  where  people  were  well  supplied  with  Guns,  purchasing  tliese  at  a  fair  price, 
thus  realizing  considerable  profit ;  afterwards  they  obtained  some  from  tlieir  Heer  Patroou  for  their 
self  defence  in  time  of  need,  as  we  suppose.  Tliis  extraordinary  gain  was  not  kept  long  a  secret, 
the  traders  coming  from  Holland  soon  got  scent  of  it,  and  from  time  to  time  brought  o^  er  great 
quantities,  so  that  the  Mohawks  in  a  short  time  were  seen  witli  firelocks  powder  and  lead  in 
proportion.  Four  Hundred  armed  men  knew  how  to  use  their  advantage,  esptcially  against  their 
enemies,  dwelling  along  the  river  of  Canada,against  wliora  they  have  nowacliieved  many  profitable 
forays  where  before  they  derived  little  advantage ;  this  causes  them  also  to  be  respected  by  the 
surrounding  Indians  even  as  far  as  the  Sea  Coast,  who  must  generally  pay  them  tribute,  wliereas,  on 
tlie  contrary,  they  were  formerly  obliged    to  contribute  to  these,  on  this  account   tlie  Indians 


Si 
11 


3'  '■'■ 


m 


1  "  Eemliat'ht  maakt  macht" — Union  conBtitiitPs  Strength. 


9  JOURNAL   OF    NKW    NICTHUHLAND. 

endeavored  no  less  to  procure  Guns,  and  through  the  familiarity  whk-li  existed  betwetu  them  and 
our  people,  they  began  to  Solicit  them  for  Guns  and  powder,  but  as  such  was  forbidden  on  pain  of 
Death  and  it  could  not  remain  secret  in  consequence  of  the  general  conversation,  tliey  cotild  not 
obtain  them.  This  added  to  the  previous  contempt  greatly  augmented  the  hatred  which  stimulated 
them  to  conspire  against  us,  beginning  first  by  insults  which  they  every  where  indiscreetly  uttered 
railing  at  us  as  Materiotty  (that  is  to  say)  Men  of  Blood — that  we  might  indeed,  be  something 
on  water,  but  of  no  account  on  land,  and  that  we  had  neither  a  great  Sachem  nor  Chiefs. 

[Here  two  pages  are  wanting.] 
he  of  Witqueschrcf*k  .iving  N.  E.  of  the  Island  Manhatans,'  perpetrated  another  murderous  deed 
in  the  house  of  an  old  man"  a  wheelwright,  with  whom  he  was  acquainted  (having  been  in  his  son's 
service)  being  well  received  and  supplied  with  food,  pretending  a  desire  to  buy  something  and 
whilst  the  old  man  was  taking  from  the  Chest  the  Cloth  the  Indian  wanted  the  latter  took  up  an 
ax  and  cut  his  h*d  o£F,  further  plundering  the  house  and  ran  away.  This  outrage  obliged  the 
Director  to  demand  Satisfaction  from  the  Sachem  who  refused  it,  saying,  that  he  was  sorry  tliat 
twenty  Christians  had  not  been  murdered*  and  that  this  Indian  had  only  avenged  the  death  of  his 
Uncle  who  had  been  slain  over  one  and  twenty  years  by  the  Dutch.  Whereupon  all  the  Commonalty 
were  called  together  by  the  Director  to  consider  this  affair,  who  all  appeared  and  presently  twelve 
men  delegated  from  among  themf  answered  the  propositions,  and  resolved  at  once  ou  war  slioiild 
the  murderer  be  refused  ;  that  the  attack  should  be  made  on  tliera  in  the  harvest  wlien  they 
were  bunting ;  meanwhile  an  effort  should  l)e  again  made  by  kindness  to  obtain  justice,  which 
was  accordingly  several  times  souglit  for  but  in  vain. 

The  time  being  come  many  obstacles  arose  and  operations  were  postponed  until  the  year  l(iJ2, 
when  it  was  resolved  to  avenge  the  perpetrated  outrage.  Tliereupon  spies  looked  up  the  Indians 
who  lay  in  their  Village  suspecting  nothing,  and  eighty  men  were  detailed  under  tlie  command  of 
Ensign  Hendrick  Van  Dyck  and  sent  tliither.  The  guide  being  come  with  the  troops  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  Indian  Wigwams  lost  his  way  in  consequence  of  the  darkness  of  the  night.  The  Ensign 
became  impatient,  and  turned  back  without  having  accomplished  any  thing.  The  journey,  however^ 
was  not  without  efifect,  for  the  Indians  who  remarked  hy  the  trail  made  by  our  people  in  marching 
that  they  had  narrowly  escaped  discovery,  sought  for  peace  which  was  granted  them  on  condition 
that  tliey  should  either  deliver  up  the  murderer  or  inflict  justice  themselves ;  this  they  promised 
but  witliout  any  result. 

Some  weeks  after  tliis  Miantenimo,  principal  Sachem  of  Sloops  bay '  came  here  with  one  hundred 
men,  passing  tlux)Ugh  all  the  Indian  VillagesJ  soliciting  them  to  a  general  War  against  both  the 
English  and  the  Dutch,^  whereupon  some  of  the  neighbouring  Indians  attempted  to  set  our  powder 
on  fire  and  to  poison  the  Director  or  to  inchant  him  by  their  devilry,  as  their  ill  will  was  afterwards 
made  manifest  as  well  in  fact  as  by  report.  Those  of  Hackingsack,  otherwise  called  Achter  Col,  had, 
with  tlieir  neighbours  killed  an  Englishman,  a  servant  of  one  David  Pietersen,  and  a  few  days 
after  shot  dead  in  an  equally  treacherous  manner  a  Dutchman,  who  sat  roofing  a  house  in  the  Colonic 
of  Meyndert  Meyndertz|l  having  settled  there  against  the  advice  of  the  Director  and  will  of  the  Indians, 


I  In  Westchester  county — Tr.    2  Niiiiicd  Cliips  Cornelis  Swits. 
•  Note  J.    Capt.  Patricx  letter  21.  .\ugu8t  lfi-11. 

t  Note  B.    Tlieir  answer  iiiid  rosoliitioii  fluted  the  20tli  August,  1641. 

3  NarragansettB. 

X  Note  C.     The  Euglisli  Manifest,  Pajje  2. 

§  Note  I)      ('ai)t.  Patricx  letter  clate<l  2  Jan'y,  1(U2. 

II  .Vo/c  /■'      The  (inler  in  thi'  Dii'^r'torV  Irttrr  and  in  the  deposition  thereupon 


JOURNAL   or    NKW    NETIIERLANO 


umI  by  the  continual  damage  which  their  cattle  committed  caused  no  little  ilissatisfuction  to  the 
Indians,  and  contributed  greatly  to  the  War.  The  Commonalty  began  then  to  be  alarmed,  and  not 
witliout  reason,  having  the  Indians  daily  in  their  houses.  The  murderers  were  frequently  demanded, 
either  living  or  dead,  even  with  a  promise  of  reward ;  they  always  returned  a  scoffing  answer 
laugliing  at  us.  Finally,  the  Commonalty  seriously  distrusting  the  Director,  suspecting  him  of 
conniving  with  the  Indians,  and  tliat  an  attempt  was  making  to  sell  Christie /..  blood  ;*  yea,  that  the 
will  of  the  entire  Commonalty  was  surrendered  to  him,  and  in  as  much  bi  he  would  not  avenge 
blood  they  should  do  it,  be  the  consequences  what  they  may.  The  Director  advised  Pacham  tlie 
Sachem,  who  interested  himself  in  this  matter,  warning  him  that  we  should  wait  no  longer  inasmucli 
as  no  satisfaction  had  boen  given. 

Meanwhile  God  wreaked  vengeance  on  those  of  Witquescheck  without  our  knowledge  through 
the  \]:'  ers  dwelling  below  For'  ^""vjic^  who  slew  seventeen  of  them,  and  made  prisoners  of 
m:..  Wor  and  Cliildren,  the  rei,.  ..aer  fled  through  a  deep  snow  to  the  Christians'  houses 
on  and  around  the  Island  Manhatens.  They  were  most  humanely  received  being  half  dead  of  cold 
and  hunger ;  they  supported  them  for  fourteen  days,  even  some  of  the  Director's  corn  was  sent  to 
them.  A  short  time  after,  another  panic  seized  the  Indians  which  caused  them  to  fly  to  divers 
places  in  the  vicinity  of  the  Dutch.  This  opportunity  to  avenge  innocent  blood,  induced  some  of 
the  twelve  men  to  represent  to  the  Director  that  it  was  now  time,  whereupon  they  received  for 
answer  that  they  should  put  their  request  in  writing  which  was  done  by  three  in  the  name  of  them 
all,t  by  a  petition  to  be  allowed  to  attack  those  of  Hackingsack  in  two  divisions— on  the  Manhatens 
and  on  Pavonia.  This  was  granted  after  a  protracted  discussion  too  long  to  be  reported  here,  so 
tliat  the  Design  was  executed  that  same  night,  the  Burghers  slew  those  who  lay  a  small  mile  from 
tlie  fort,  >  and  the  soldiers  those  at  Pavonia,  at  whicli  two  places  about  Eighty  Indians  were  killed 
and  thirty  taken  prisoners.  Next  morning  before  the  return  of  the  troops  a  man  and  a  woman 
were  shot  at  Pavonia  who  had  come  through  curiosity  either  to  look  at,  or  plunder,  the  dead ; 
the  soldiers  had  rescued  a  young  child,  which  the  woman  had  in  her  arms. 

The  Cliristians  residing  on  Long  Island  also  requested  by  petition|  to  be  allowed  to  attack  and 
slay  the  Indians  thereabout ;  which  was  refused,  as  these  especially  had  done  us  no  harm,  and 
shewed  us  every  friendship — (Yea,  had  even  voluntarily  Killed  some  of  the  Raritans,  our  enemies, 
hereinbefore  mentioned)  Yet,  notwithstanding^  some  Christians  attempted  secretly  with  two  waggons 
to  steal  maize  from  these  Indians  whicli  they  perceiving  endeavored  to  prevent,  thereupon  three 
Indians  were  shot  dead,  two  houses  standing  opposite  the  fort  were  in  return  forthwith  set  on  fire. 
The  Director  knowing  nought  of  this  sent  at  once  some  persons  to  enquire  the  reason  of  it.  The 
Indians  shewing  themselves  afar  off,  called  out — Be  ye  our  friends  1  ye  are  mere  corn  stealers — 
making  them  also  parties.  This  induced  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  burnt  houses  to  upbraid 
therewith  one  Maryn  Adriaenzen,  who  at  his  request  had  led  the  freemen  in  the  attack  on  the 
Indians,  and  who  being  reinforced  by  an  English  ti-oop  had  afterwards  undertaken  two  bootless 
Expeditions  in  the  open  field — imagining  that  the  Director  had  accused  hivi,  he  being  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  petition  he  determined  to  revenge  himself.{|  With  this  resolution  he  proceeded 
to  tlie  Director's  house  armed  with  a  Pistol,  loaded  and  cocked,  and  a  hanger  by  his  side  ;  coming 


■1' 


•  Note  F.    Resolve  of  the  12  delegates  dated  21  Jan'y ,  1'542. 

t  Note  G.    Their  Petition  dated  24th  Feb.  1643. 

1  At  Corker's  Hook. 

t  Note  H.    Their  petition  and  the  answer  thereto,  dated  27  Feb.  1648. 

S  Nott  I.    Contains  the  information  thereupon. 

n  Nott  K.    His  trial  thorafor. 


JOVRMAL  or   MEW   NCTHGRLAND. 


unawares  Into  the  Director's  room,  he  presents  Ills  Pistol  at  him,  saying,  }Vhat  devilish  lies  an 
thou  reporting  of  me  1  but  by  the  promptness  of  one  of  the  bystanders,  the  shot  was  prevented,  and 
he  arrested.  A  short  time  after,  Marine's  man  and  another  entered  the  fort,  each  currying  a  loaded 
gun  and  pistol— tlie  first  fired  at  the  Director  who  having  had  notice  withdrew  towards  his  house,  the 
balls  passing  into  the  walls  alongside  the  door  behind  him  ;  the  sentinel  firing  immediately  on  him 
who  had  discharged  his  gun,  brought  him  down.  Shortly  afterwards  some  of  the  Commonalty 
collected  before  the  Director,  riotously  demanding  the  prisoner;  they  were  answered  that  their 
request  should  be  presented  in  order  and  in  writing,  which  about  25  men  did,  they  therein  asked 
the  Director  to  pardon  the  Criminal.  The  matters  were  referred  to  them  to  decide  conscientiously 
thereupon.  In  such  wise  that  they  immediately  went  tbrth,  without  hearing  parties  or  seeing 
any  complaints  or  documents :  They  condemn  him  in  a  fine  of  Five  Hundred  guilders,  and  to  remain 
three  months  away  from  the  Manhatms,  but  on  account  of  the  importance  of  the  affair  and  some 
Considerations,  it  was  resolved  to  send  the  Criminal,  with  his  trial  to  Holland  which 

In  this  ConfVision  mingled  witli  great  terror  passed  the  winter  away  ;  the  Season  came  for  driving 
out  the  Cattle ;  tliis  obliged  many  to  desire  Peace.  On  the  other  hand  the  Indians  seeing  also  tliat 
it  was  time  to  plant  maize,  were  not  less  solicitous  for  peace  so  that  after  some  negotiation.  Peace 
was  concluded  in  May  \P.  1643  only  in  consequence  of  the  importunity  of  some  and  the  opinion 
entertained  by  others  that  it  would  be  durable. 

The  Indians  kept  still  after  this  Peace,  associating  dally  with  our  People,  Yea,  even  the  greatest 
Chiefs  came  to  visit  the  Director.  Meanwhile  Pachem  a  crafty  man,  ran  through  all  the  villages 
urging  the  Indians  to  a  general  massacre,  thereupon  it  happened  that  certain  Indians  called  Wappin- 
gers,  dwelling  sixteen  miles  up  the  River,  with  whom  we  never  had  any  the  least  trouble,  seized  on 
a  boat  coming  from  Fort  Orange  wherein  were  only  two  men,  and  full  four  hundred  Beavers.  This 
great  Booty  stimulated*  others  to  follow  their  example,  so  that  they  seized  two  boats  more,  intending 
to  overhaul  the  fourth  also,  from  which  they  were  driven  o£f  with  the  loss  of  six  Indians.  Nine 
Christians  including  two  women  were  murdered  in  these  Captured  barks,  one  woman  and  two 
children  remaining  prisoners.  The  other  Indians,  so  soon  as  their  maize  was  ripe — ^followed  this 
example,  and  through  semblance  of  selling  Beavers  killed  an  old  man  and  woman,  leaving  another 
man  with  five  wounds  who  however  fled  to  the  fort  in  a  boat  with  a  little  child  on  liis  arm,  who  in 
the  first  outbreak  had  lost  Father  &  Mother,  And  now  grandfather  and  grandmother,  being  thus 
twice  through  God's  merciful  blessing  rescued  from  the  hands  of  the  Indians,  first  when  two  years 
old  ;  Nothing  was  now  heard  but  murders  most  of  which  were  committed  under  pretence  of  coming 
to  put  the  Christians  on  their  guard. 

Finally  they  took  the  field  and  attacked  the  bouweries  at  Pavonia.  There  were  here  at  the 
time,  two  ships  of  war  and  a  privateer  who  saved  considerable  Cattle  and  Grain.  Probably  it  was 
not  possible  to  prevent  the  destruction  of  four  bouweries  on  Pavonia,  which  were  burnt,  not  by 
open  force,  but  by  stealtliily  creeping  through  the  brush  with  fire  in  hand  thus  igniting  the  roofs 
which  are  all  either  of  reed  or  straw  ;  one  covered  with  plank  was  repeatedly  saved. 

The  Commonalty  were  called  together,  they  were  sore  distressed.  They  chose  eight,  in  the  stead  of 
the  previous  Twelve,t  persons  to  aid  in  consulting  for  the  best ;  but  the  occupation  every  one  had 
to  take  care  of  his  own,  prevented  anything  beneficial  being  adopted  at  that  time — nevertheless  it 
was  resolved  that  as  many  Englishmen  as  were  in  the  Country  should  be  enlisted  who  were  indeed 
now  proposing  to  depart ;  the  tliird  part  of  these  were  to  be  paid  by  the  Commonalty  ;  this  promise 
was  made  by  the  Commonalty  but  was  not  followed  by  the  pay. 

•  AToJe  St.    Their  acknowledgment  made  before  the  Engllah  18  January,  1648 ;  English  style, 
t   Xott  y.     Rpnolvp  of  n  Sept'r.  \<\4H. 


JOVUIAL  or   MKW    METUKMLAMO. 


Tenor  inoNtsing  all  over  the  land  the  eight  men  assembled,  drew*  up  a  proposal  in  writing 
wherein  they  demanded  that  delegates  should  be  sent  to  tlie  North,  to  our  English  neighbours,  to 
request  an  auxiliary  force  of  One  hundred  and  fifty  men,  for  whose  pay  a  bill  of  Exchange  should 
be  given  for  twenty  five  thousand  guilders,  and  that  N.  Netherland  should  be  so  long  mortgaged 
to  the  English  as  security  for  the  payment  tliereof  (one  of  the  most  influential  among  the  eight  mon 
had  by  letter}  enforced  by  precedents  previously  endeavored  to  persuade  the  Director  to  this 
course,  as  they  had  also  a  few  days  before  resolvedf  that  the  Provisions  destined  for  CuraQao 
should  be  tmloaded  fhun  the  vessels  end  the  mt^or  portion  of  the  men  belonging  to  them  detained, 
and  to  send  the  Ships  away  thus  empty.  This  was  not  agreed  to  nor  considered  Expedient  by 
the  Director. 

[Here  four  pages  are  wanting.] 

[An  expedition  was  despatched  consisting  of soldiers]  under  the  command  of  the  Sergeant, 

XL  Burghers  under  their  Captain  Jochem  Pietersen,  XXXV  Englishmen  under  Lieutenant  Baxter, 
but  to  prevent  all  confusion.  Councillor  La  Montague  was  appointed  general.  Coming  to  Staten 
Island,  they  marched  the  whole  night ;  the  houses  were  empt,  and  abandoned  by  the  Indians ;  they 
got  5  or  6  hundred  skepels  of  corn,  burning  the  remainder  without  accomplishing  any  thing  else. 

Mayane,  a  Sachem,  residing  8  miles  N.  E.  of  us,  between  Greenwich  (that  lies  within  our 
jurisdiction)  and  Stanttbrt,  which  is  English, — a  fierce  Indian  who  alone  dared  to  attack  witit  bow 
and  arrows,  three  Christians  armeil  with  guns  one  of  whom  he  shot  dead ;  whilst  engaged  with  the 
other,  he  was  killed  by  the  tlUrd  Christian  and  liis  head  brought  hither.  It  was  then  known  and 
understood  for  the  first  time,  that  lie  and  his  Indians  had  done  us  much  injury,  though  we  never 
had  any  difierence  with  liim.  Understanding  further  that  they  lay  in  their  houses  very  quiet  and 
without  suspicion  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  English  it  was  determined  to  hunt  them  up,  and  attack 
them  and  one  hundred  and  twenty  men  were  sent  thither  under  the  preceding  command.  The 
people  landed  at  Greenwich  in  the  evening  fiom  three  Yachts,  marched  the  entire  night  but  could 
not  find  the  Indians,  either  because  the  Guide  had  given  warning  or  had  himself  gone  astray.  Retreat 
was  made  to  the  YaclUs  in  order  to  depart  as  secretly  as  possible,  passing  through  Stantfort  some 
Englishmen  were  encountered  who  offered  to  lead  ours  to  the  place  where  some  Indians  were, 
thereupon  four  scouts  were  Sent  in  divers  directions,  to  discover  them,  who  at  their  return, 
reported  that  the  Indians  liad  some  notice  of  our  people  by  the  salute  which  the  Englishmen  gave 
us,  but  without  any  certainty,  whereupon  five  and  twenty  of  the  bravest  men  were  at  once  com- 
manded to  proceed  thither  to  the  nearest  village,  with  great  diligence  they  made  the  journey 
killing  18  or  20  Indians,  capturing  an  old  man,  two  women  and  some  cIiildren,to  exchange  for  ours. 
Tlie  other  troops  on  coming  hither  immediately  in  the  yachts,  found  the  liuts  empty. 

Tiie  old  Indian,  captured  above,  having  promised  to  lead  us  to  Wetquescheck  which  consisted  of 
three  Castles,  sixty  five  men  were  despatched  under  Baxter  and  Pieter  Cock,  who  found  them  empty 
though  thirty  Indiaus  could  have  stood  against  Two  Hundred  Soldiers  inasmuch  as  they  were 
cimstructed  of  plank  five  inches  tliick  nine  feet  high  and  braced  around  witli  tliick  balk  full  of 
port  holes.  Our  people  burnt  two,  reserving  the  third  for  a  retreat.  Marching  8  or  9  miles 
further,  they  discovered  nothing  but  some  huts,  which  they  could  not  surprize  as  they  were  discovered 
— tliey  came  back  having  killed  only  one  cr  two  indians,  taken  some  women  and  Children  prisoners 
and  burnt  some  corn.    Meanwhile,  we  were  advised  that  Pennewitz,'  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 

•  Not*  O.    Dated  Cth  Octob.  1643. 

t  Sou  P.    Dated  IHh  March,  IMS. 

t  Noll  Q.     In  their  resolution  30th  Septeml>er,  1648. 

1  Chief  of  the  Canarsce  tribe.  KingsCo.,  L.  I.    Ed 

Vol.  IV.  J 


3\ 


m  JOVftllAL  or   NBW    NrrH£ai.ANO 

experienced  ludUns  in  Uie  Coimtry,  and  who,  in  tlie  first  Cun8piracy,1uid  given  Uie  most  dangerous 
Council,  To  wit,  that  tliey  sliould  wait  and  not  attaclc  the  Dutch  until  all  suspiciun  hud  ht-en  lulled, 
and  then  divide  themselves  equally  through  the  houses  of  the  Christians  and  slaughter  all  tlirse 
in  one  night — was  secretly  waging  war  against  us  with  his  tritie  who  killed  some  of  our  people  and 
set  fire  to  tl  .  houses.  It  was,  therefore,  resolved  to  send  thither  a  tr(H)p  of  one  hundred  and 
twenty  men,  the  Burghers  under  their  Company,  t)ie  English  under  their  Sergeant  Miijor  Van 
der  Hyl '  (who  within  a  few  days  had  offered  his  services  and  was  accepted),  the  veteran  soldiers  under 
Pieter  Cock,  all  under  the  command  ol  M'  La  Montague,  to  proceeil  hence  in  thi-ee  Yachts,  I^uid 
in  Scouts  Bay  on  Long  Island,  march  towards  Heemstedo  (where  there  is  an  English  Colonic 
dependant  on  us.)  Some  s«'Ut  forward  in  advance  dexterously  killed  un  Indian  who  was  out  as  a  Spy  ; 
our  force  was  divided  into  two  divisions — Van  der  Hi)  with  fourteen  English  towards  the  sinullest, 
and  Eighty  men  towards  the  largest  village  named  Matsepe,  lx>th  which  were  very  successful, 
killing  about  one  hundred  and  Twenty  men  ;  of  ours  one  man  remained  un  the  field  and  three  were 
wounded. 

Our  forces  being  returned  from  this  expedition,  Capt  Van  der  Hil  was  despatched  to  Stantfort,  to 
get  some  information  there  of  the  Indians.  He  reported  that  the  Guide  who  hud  furnierly  served 
US,  and  had  gone  astray  in  the  night,  was  now  in  great  danger  of  his  lil'e  from  the  Indians  of 
whom  there  were  about  five  hundred  together.  He  offered  to  lejid  us  tln-re,  to  shew  tliut  tlie  former 
mischance  was  not  his  fault.  One  hundred  and  thirty  men  were  accordingly  despatclied  under  the 
aforesaid  Oen>  Van  der  Hil  and  Hendrirk  van  Dyck  Ensign.  They  embarked  in  three  Yaciits, 
landed  at  Qreenwich,  where  they  were  obliged  to  pass  the  night  by  reason  of  the  great  Suow  and 
Storm  ;  in  the  morning  they  marched  N.  W.  up  over  Stony  Hills  over  which  some  must  creep,  in 
the  evening  about  eight  o^clock  they  came  within  a  mile  of  the  Indians,  and  inasmuch  as  they  siiould 
have  arrived  too  early  and  had  to  cross  two  Riven,  one  of  Two  hundred  feet  wide  and  three 
deep,  and  that  the  men  could  not  atternards  rest  in  consequence  of  the  cold,  it  was  determined  to 
remain  there  until  abi>ut  ten  o'clock.  The  order  was  given  as  to  the  mode  to  be  observed  in 
attacking  the  Indians — they  marched  forward  towards  the  houses,  being  three  rows  set  up  street 
fashion,  each  Eighty  paces  long,  in  a  low  recess  of  the  mountain,  affording  complete  shelter  from 
theN.  W.  wind.  The  moon  was  then  at  the  full,  and  threw  a  strong  liglit  against  the  mountain  so 
that  many  winters  days  were  not  brig)\ter  than  it  then  was.  On  arriving  there  the  Indians  were 
wids  awake,  and  on  their  guard,  so  that  ours  determined  to  cliarge  and  surround  the  houses,  sword 
in  hand.  They  demeaned  themselves  as  soldiers  and  deployed  in  small  bands,  so  that  we  got  in 
a  short  time  one  dead  and  twelve  woundetl.  They  were  also  so  hard  pressed  that  it  wus  inipossiblo 
for  one  to  escajie.  In  a  brief  si>ace  of  time  there  were  counted  One  hundred  and  Eiglity  dead  outside 
the  houses.  Presently  none  diu^t  come  forth,  keeping  witliin  tlie  houses,  discharging  arrows 
through  the  lioles.  The  General  reraarketl  that  nothing  else  was  to  be  done,  resolved  witii  Sergeant 
Major  Van  der  Hil,  to  set  the  huts  on  fire,  whereupon  the  Indians  tried  every  means  to  escape,  not 
succeeding  in  which  they  rettuned  l>ack  to  the  flames  preferring  to  perish  by  the  fire  tlian  to  die 
by  our  hands.  What  was  most  wonderful  is,  that  among  this  vast  collection  of  Men,  Women  and 
Children  not  one  was  heard  to  cry  v  to  scream.  According  to  the  report  of  the  Indians  tiiem- 
selves  the  number  then  destroyed  exceeded  five  hundred.  Some  say,  full  700,  among  whom  vicve 
also,  25  Wappingers,  our  God  having  collected  tc^ther  there  the  greater  number  of  our  Enemies, 
to  celebrate  one  of  their  festivals,  from  which  escaped  no  more  thin  eight  men  in  all,  of  whom  even 
three  were  severely  wounded. 

I  Capt.  John  rnderhill      E4. 


-A 


JOIRNAL  l>»    MKW    NK1IIKHLAND. 


II 


The  fight  ended,  several  fires  were  built  in  ron8e(]uenc«  of  the  great  cold,  the  wounded,  15  in 
number,  dressed,  uid  sentinels  being  |)u8ted  hy  the  General  ttie  troops  bivouuclced  there  lor  tlio 
remHinder  of  tlie  night.  On  the  next  day,  tlie  party  set  out  much  refreshed  in  gooil  order,  so  as 
to  arrive  at  Stautluiti  in  tiie  evening.  Tliey  marched  witli  great  courage  over  that  wearisome  moiui- 
taiu,  0«)d  affunling  extraordinary  strength  to  tlie  w«iunded  some  of  wliom  were  badly  hurt ;  coming 
in  tlie  aAeru^'uu  to  Stantfort  after  a  march  of  two  days  and  one  night  and  little  rest.  The  English 
receiveil  oiur  people  in  a  very  friendly  manner,  affording  them  every  comfort.  In  two  days  tlicy 
reached  liere.    A  TiMiiks-giving  vivf  proclaimed  on  their  at  rival. 


[J%$  rtmaindtr  it  toanting.] 


n. 


DESCRIPTION 


or 


NEW     NETHERLAND, 


m 


•   <i  .   iv: 


1644. 


By  FatlMr  Iiaao  Joocm,  Juuit  JrUttonwy 


The  Rev.  Isaac  Joooes,  the  author  of  the  following  earqr  notice  of  New  York  was  born  at  Orleans  in  France  10th  Jany 
1607,  in  which  city  he  received  the  rudiments  of  his  education.  Ho  entered  the  Jesuit  Society  at  Rouen  in  Oct.  1024  and 
removed  to  the  College  of  La  Fletche  in  1027.  He  completed  his  divinity  at  Clermont  College,  Paris,  and  was  ordained 
Priest  in  February  1636  in  the  Spring  of  which  year  he  embarked  as  a  Missionary  for  Canada  and  arrived  at  Quebec  on  the  2nd 
of  July.  After  a  sojourn  of  a  few  weeks  in  that  city  he  proceeded  to  the  Huron  country  on  the  24  Aug.  and  arrived  ut 
the  new  field  of  his  labors  about  the  12th  September.  In  1041  he  visited  Pauoitigoueiuliak,  or  "  tlic  place  of  the  Slwliow 
Cataract,"  as  the  Falls  of  St  Mary  were  originally  called,  on  an  iuvltatioii  of  some  O-jibways  but  made  only  a  brief  stay 
there  and  returned  to  Quebec  in  1642.  He  reembarked  on  tlie  ttrst  of  August  of  that  year  for  the  HnroB  Mission  but,  on  his 
way,  was  captured  by  a  party  of  Mohawks  wlio  had  lain  in  ambu.sh  for  his  party,  and  was  hurried  oil'  a  prisoner  to  the  enemy's 
country.  Here  he  suffered  every  torture  short  of  the  stake,  and  had  to  witness  the  cruel  deaths  of  many  of  his  companions. 
On  the  81st  July  1643,  after  a  year's  captivity  he  sacoceded  in  evading  the  vigilance  of  his  captors,  and  escaped  to  tlie  Dutch 
at  Fort  Orange  (Albany)  by  wliom  ho  was  most  cordially  received  and  most  liunianely  treated.  Tliithev  his  Savage  masters 
followed  him,  but  the  Dutch  preferred  ransoming  to  surrendering  him  and  forwarded  him  to  New  Amsterdam,  where  he  was 
suitably  received  by  Gov.  Kieft,  furnished  with  every  necessary  and  a  passage  to  France.  After  having  been  shipwrecked  on 
the  coast  of  England  and  again  strip|)ed  of  all  he  had,  he  Anally  reached  the  French  coast  i'i  utter  destitution. 

His  stay  in  New  Netherlaud  from  August  1642  to  Nov.  1643  enabled  him  to  draw  up  the  present  interesting  sketch  of  that 
conntry. 

After  recruiting  his  shattered  strength ,  and  experiencing  every  attention  at  Court  and  at  the  hands  of  his  religious  Superiors, 
he  returned  to  Canada  and  was  stationed  at  Montreal.  On  |)cace  being  concluded  with  the  Mohawks,  Father  Jogues  was 
■elected  as  ambassador  totlieir  conntry  to  exchange  ratifications.  He  set  out  16th  May  1646,  passed  through  Lakes  Cham- 
plain  and  George  (to  the  latter  of  which  he  gave  the  name  of  St  Sacrcment),  and  reached  »^ort  Orange  on  4th  June,  and 
proceeded  thence  to  the  Village  of  Onewgiwre.  Ho  tarried  here  b\it  a  short  time,  having  loft  on  the  16th,  on  his  return 
to  Three  Rivers,  where  he  arrived  on  the  20th. 

He  set  out  again  on  the  27th  September  for  tlic  Mohawk  country  in  his  true  character,  as  a  Missionary  of  the  Go.spol,with 
»  deep  presentiment  of  not  returning.  He  entered  Gandawage  or  Gannawage,  the  scene  of  his  former  cnj)tivity,  on  the  17th 
October  and  was  received  with  blows  !  A  revolution  had  pa.ssed  over  the  Savage  mind.  Jogues,  on  bis  departure  ui  June, 
had  left -a  box  in  one  of  the  lodges,  containing  some  tritling  necetKiaries.  Harvest  came  but  it  was  discovered  that  the  worm 
had  visited  the  Indians'  fields  and  devoured  the  crop.  Jogues'  box  't  was  to  their  humble  capacities  that  contained  the  Kvll 
Spirit  which  thus  laid  waste  their  country,  and  in  revenge  the  Chrlstiai'  Missionary  was  doomed  to  die.  In  the  evening  of  the 
18th  he  was  invited  to  sup  in  one  of  the  cabins.  On  entering  the  door  he  received  a  blow  on  the  head  and  fell  dead  on  the  ground . 
His  lifeless  body  -vas  at  once  decapitated;  the  bead  fixed  on  the  palisades  of  the  vilUtge  and  the  trunk  cast  into  the  Mohawk 
river. 

Thus  Ml,  in  the  40tb  year  of  his  age,  the  first  Catholic  Missionary  in  New  Tork.  It  is  rappoied  tiuit  he  wu  slain  at 
Caugbnawaga,  in  Montgomery  co.,  which  in  the  Annals  of  Religion  waa  afterwirds  known  as  the  "  Mission  of  the  Martyrs." 
A  copy  of  tne  original  French  MS.  and  the  following  Translation,  were  presented  t«  the  Regents  of  the  University,  by  the 
Kev.  Father  Mabtin,  Superior  of  the  Jesuits  in  Canada.     Ed. 


NEW  NETHERLAND  IN  1644. 


By  Rev.  Isaac  Jogucs,  S.  J. 


New  Holland  which  the  Dutch  call  in  Latin  JVoi'wm  Belgium:  in  their  own  language  Nieuw 
Nederland,  that  is  to  say,  New  Low  Countries,  is  situated  between  Virginia  and  New  England. 
Tile  mouth  of  the  river  called  by  some  Nassau  river  or  the  great  Nortli  river  (to  distinguish  it  from 
another  which  they  call  the  South  river)  and  which  in  some  maps  that  I  have  recently  seen  is  also 
called,  I  think,  River  Maurice,  is  at  40°  30'.  Its  channel  is  deep,  fit  for  the  lai^est  ships  that  ascend 
toMauhattes  Island,  which  is  seven  leagues  in  circuit,  and  on  wliich  there  is  a  tort  to  serve  as  the 
commencement  of  a  town  to  be  built  there  and  to  be  called  New  Amsterdam. 

This  fort  which  is  at  the  point  of  the  island  about  five  or  six  leagues  from  the  mouth,  is  called 
Fort  Amsterdam  ;  it  lias  four  regular  bastions  mounted  with  several  pieces  of  artillery.  All  these 
bastions  and  tiie  curtains  were  in  1643  but  ramparts  of  earth,  most  of  which  had  crumbled  away^ 
so  that  the  fort  could  be  entered  on  all  sides.  There  were  no  ditches.  There  were  sixty  soldiers 
to  garrison  the  said  fort  and  another  wliich  they  had  built  still  further  up  against  the  incursions 
of  the  savages  their  enemies.  They  were  beginning  to  face  the  gates  and  bastions  with  stone. 
Wlt'iin  this  fort  stood  a  pretty  large  church  built  of  stone;  the  house  of  the  Governor,  whom 
they  called  Director  Gteneral,  quite  neatly  built  of  brick,  the  storehouses  and  barracks. 

On  tills  island  of  Manhate  and  in  its  environs  there  may  well  be  four  or  five  hundred  men  of 
di HI  rent  sects  and  nations ;  the  Director  General  told  me  that  there  were  persons  there  of  eighteen 
difterent  languages ;  tliey  are  scattered  here  and  there  on  the  river,  above  and  below  as  the  beauty 
iiinl  coiivciiieiice  of  tlie  spot  invited  each  to  settle,  some  mechanics  however  who  ply  their  trades 
are  ranged  under  the  tort ;  all  the  others  were  exposed  to  tlie  incursions  of  the  natives,  who  in  the 
year  1643,  while  I  was  there  actually  killed  some  two  score  Hollanders  and  burnt  many  houses  and 
barns  full  of  wlieat. 

The  river,  which  is  very  straight  and  runs  due  north  and  south,  is  at  least  a  league  broad 
before  the  fort.  Ships  lie  at  anchor  in  a  bay  which  forms  the  other  side  of  the  island  and  can  be 
defended  from  the  fort. 

SliDitly  In  fore  I  arrived  there  three  large  vessels  of  300  tons  each  had  come  to  load  wheat ;  two 
had  found  cargoes,  the  tliird  could  not  be  loaded  because  the  savages  had  burnt  a  part  of  their 
grain.  These  ships  came  from  the  West  Indies  where  the  West  India  Company  usually  keeps  up 
seventeen  ships  of  war. 

No  religion  is  publicly  exercised  but  the  Calvinisi,  and  orders  are  to  admit  none  but  Calvinists, 
but  this  is  not  observed,  for  there  are,  besides  Calvinists,  in  the  Colony  Catholics,  English  ?ui'itans, 
Lutherans,  Anabaptists,  here  called  Mnistes  &c. 

When  any  one  comes  to  settle  in  the  country,  they  lend  him  horses,  cows  &c,  they  give  him  pro- 
visions, all  which  he  repays  as  soon  as  he  is  at  ease,  and  as  to  the  land  he  pays  in  to  the  West 
India  Company  after  ten  years  the  tenth  of  the  produce  which  he  reaps. 

Tills  country  is  lx>unded  on  tlie  New  England  side  by  a  river  they  call  the  Fiesche  river,  which 


n 


1« 


A    DESCKIPTION   OF    NEW    NKTIItHLAXD. 


serves  as  a  oouudary  between  them  and  the  English.  The  English  however  come  very  near  to 
them,  preferring  to  hold  lands  under  the  Dutch  who  ask  notliing  from  them  rather  than  to  be 
dependant  on  English  Lords  who  exact  rents  and  would  fain  be  absolute.  On  the  other  side 
southward  towards  Virginia,  its  limits  are  the  river  which  they  call  the  Soutk  river  on  which  there 
is  also  a  Dutch  settlement,  but  the  Swedes  have  at  its  mouth  another  extremely  well  provided  with 
men  and  cannon.  It  is  believed  that  these  Swedes  are  maintained  by  some  merchants  of  Amsterdam, 
who  are  not  satisfied  that  the  West  India  Company  should  alone  enjoy  all  the  commerce  of  these 
parts.    It  is  near  this  river  that  a  gold  mine  is  reported  to  have  been  found. 

See  in  the  work  of  the  Sieur  de  Laet  of  Antwerp  the  table  and  article  on  New  Belgium  as  he 
sometimes  calls  it  or  the  map  ;  J^Tova  Jlnglia,  J\'ovu  Belgium  et  Virginia. 

It  is  about  fifty  years  since  the  Hollanders  came  to  these  parts.  The  fort  was  begun  in  the  year 
1615:  they  began  to  settle  about  twenty  years  ago  and  there  is  already  some  little  commerce  with 
Virginia  and  New  England. 

The  first  comers  found  lands  fit  for  use,  formerly  cleared  by  the  savages  who  previously  had 
fields  here.  Those  who  came  later  have  cleared  in  the  woods,  which  are  mostly  of  oak.  Tiie  soil 
is  good.  Deer  hunting  is  abundant  in  the  fall.  There  are  some  houses  built  of  stone  ;  they  make 
lime  of  oyster  shells,  great  heaps  of  which  are  found  here  made  formerly  by  the  savages,  who 
subsisted  in  part  by  this  fishery. 

The  climate  is  very  miiJ.  Lying  at  40|"*  degrees ;  there  are  many  European  fruits,  as  apples 
pears,  cherries.  I  reached  there  in  October,  and  found  even  then  a  considerable  quantity  of 
peaches. 

Ascending  the  river  to  the  43*>  degree  you  find  the  second  Dutch  settlement,  which  the  flux  and 
jeflux  reaches  but  does  not  pass.  Ships  of  a  hundred  and  a  hundred  and  twenty  tons  can  ascend 
to  it. 

There  are  two  things  in  this  settlement,  which  is  called  Renselaerswick,  as  if  to  say  the  colony 
of  Renselaer,  who  is  a  rich  Amsterdam  merchant :  1**  a  wretched  little  fort  called  F'  Orenge, 
buUt  of  logs  with  four  or  five  pieces  of  cannon  of  Bretenil  and  as  many  swivels.  This  has  been 
reserved  and  is  maintained  by  the  West  India  Company.  This  fort  was  formerly  on  an  island  in  the 
river,  it  is  now  on  the  main  land  towards  the  Hiroquois,  a  little  above  the  said  island.  2>"iiyj  a 
colonic  sent  here  by  this  Renselaer,  who  is  the  Patroon.  This  colonic  is  composed  of  about  a 
hundred  persons,  who  reside  in  some  25  or  30  houses,  built  along  the  river,  as  each  one  found  it 
most  convenient.  In  the  principal  house  resides  the  Patroon's  agent,  the  minister  has  his  apart,  in 
which  service  is  performed.  There  is  also  a  kind  of  bailiff  here  whom  they  call  Seneschal,  who 
administers  justice.  All  their  houses  are  merely  of  boards  and  thatched.  As  yet  there  is  no  mason 
work,  except  in  the  chimneys.  The  forests  furnishing  many  large  pines,  they  make  boards  by  means 
of  their  mills  which  they  have  for  the  purpose. 

They  found  8om«  pieces  of  ground  all  ready,  wliich  the  savages  had  formerly  prepared  and  in  which 
they  sow  wheat  and  oats  for  beer  and  for  their  horses,  of  which  they  have  a  great  stock.  There 
is  little  land  fit  for  tillage,  being  crowde  by  liills  which  are  bad  soil.  This  obliges  them  to  be 
seperated  the  one  from  the  other,  and  they  occupy  already  two  or  three  leagues  of  country. 

Trade  is  free  to  all,  this  gives  the  Indians  all  things  clieap,  each  of  the  Hollanders  outbidding  his 
neighbor  and  being  satisfied  provided  he  can  gain  some  little  profit. 

This  settlement  is  not  more  than  twenty  leagues  from  the  ^gniehronons,  who  can  be  reached 
either  by  land  or  by  water,  as  the  river  on  which  the  Iroquois  lie  falls  into  that  which  passes  by 
the  Dutch ;  but  there  are  many  shallow  rapids  and  a  fall  of  a  short  half  league  where  tlie  canoe  has 
to  be  carried. 


A  DESCRIPTION  OF  NEW  METHEKLAND. 


17 


There  are  many  nations  between  the  two  Dutch  settlements,  which  are  about  thirty  German 
leagues  apart,  that  is  abtout  50  or  60  French  leagues.  The  LoupSf  whom  the  Iroquois  call  Agottagmtnsy 
are  the  nearest  to  Renselaerwiclc  and  F^  Orange.  War  breaidng  out  some  years  ago  between  the 
Iroquois  and  tlie  Loups,  the  Dutch  joined  the  latter  against  the  former,  but  four  having  been  taken 
and  burnt  they  made  peace.  Some  nations  near  the  sea  having  murdered  some  Hollanders  of  the 
most  distant  settlement,  the  Hollanders  killed  150  Indians,  men,  women  and  children  ;  the  latter 
having  killed  at  divers  intervals  40  Dutchmen,  burnt  several  houses  and  committed  ravages,  estimated 
at  the  time  that  I  was  there  at  200,000  liv.  (two  hundred  tliousand  livres)  troops  were  raised  in  New 
England,  and  in  the  beginning  of  winter  the  grass  being  low  and  some  snow  on  the  ground  they 
pursued  them  with  six  linndred  men,  keeping  two  hundred  always  on  the  move  and  constantly 
relieving  each  other,  so  tiiat  the  Indians,  pent  up  in  a  large  island  and  finding  it  impossible  to  escape, 
on  account  of  tlie  women  and  children,  were  cut  to  pieces  to  tlie  number  of  sixteen  hundred 
women  and  children  included.  This  obliged  the  rest  of  the  Indians  to  make  peace,  which  still 
continues.  This  occurred  in  1643  and  1644. 
Three  Rivers  in  New  France,  ) 
August  3<i,  1646.  { 


II 


Vol.  IV. 


3 


\ 


in. 


m 


INFORMATION 


■^  XBLATIVS  TO  TAEIXO  Vr 


LAND    IN    NEW   NETHEKLAND 


By  CoRNELis  Van  Tienhoteh, 
Secretary  of  the  Province. 


1650. 


Translated  from  the  Dutch 


m 


Mi       ^» 

i. 


INFORMATION  REIATIVE  TO  TAKING  UP  LAND  IN  NEW  NETHERLAND,  IN  THE  FORM  OF 

COLONIES  OR  PRIVATE  BOWERIES.    1650. 

[llol.  Doc.  v.] 

If  any  man  be  disposed  to  begin  either  by  himself  or  others,  Colonies,  Bouweries  or  Plantations 
in  Now  Netherland,  lying  in  the  Latitude  of  one  and  forty  degrees  and  a  half,  he  shall  first  liave 
to  inform  himself  fully  of  the  situation  of  the  lands  lying  on  rivers,  havens  and  Bays,  in  order 
thus  to  select  tlie  most  suitable  and  particularly  the  most  convenient  grounds  :  It  is  therefore  to 
be  Iwrne  in  mind  that  tlie  lands  in  New  Netherland  are  not  all  level  &  flat  and  adapted  to  raising 
of  grain,  inasmuch  as  they  are,  with  the  exception  of  some  few  flatts,  generally  covered  with 
timlier,  in  divers  places  also  with  large  &  small  stones. 

In  order,  tiien  first  to  describe  those  lands  which  are  actually  the  most  convenient  and  best  adapted 
fi)r  early  occupancy,  where  and  how  located,  I  shall  enumerate  the  following  places,  and  commend 
the  remainder  to  the  consideration  of  proprietors  of  this  country. 

I  begin  then  at  tlie  most  easterly  corner  of  Long  Island,  being  a  point  situate  on  the  Main  Ocean, 
inclusing  within,  westward,  a  large  inland  sea'  adorned  with  divers  fair  havens  and  bays,  fit  for  all 
sorts  of  craft ;  this  Point  is  entirely  covered  with  Trees,  without  any  flatts  and  is  soniewliat  hilly, 
and  stoney,  very  convenient  for  Cod  fishing,  which  is  most  successfully  followed  by  the  Natives 
during  the  Season. 

This  Point  is  also  well  adapted  to  secure  the  trade  of  the  Indians  in  Wampum  (the  mine  of 
New  Netlicrland)  since  In  and  about  the  abovementioned  sea  and  tlie  islands  therein  situate,  lie  the 
cockles  wliereof  Wampum  is  made  from  which  great  profit  could  be  realized  by  those  wlio  would 
plant  a  Colonic  or  liamlet  on  tlie  aforesaid  liook  for  the  cultivation  of  the  land,  for  raising  all  sorts  of 
cattle,  for  fisliing,  and  tlie  Wampum  trade. 

It  would  be  necessary,  in  such  case,  to  settle  on  the  aforesaid  land  some  persons  thoroughly  con- 
versant with  agriculture  and  others  with  the  fishery. 

Oysterhay,  so  called  from  the  great  abundance  of  fine  and  delicate  oysters  which  are  found  there. 
Tliis  bay  is  about  a  sliort  mile  across,  or  in  width  at  the  mouth ;  deep  and  navigable,  without  either 
rocks  or  sands,  runs  westward  in  proportion,  and  divides  itself  into  two  rivers,  which  are  broad  and 
clear,  on  which  said  rivers  lie  fine  maize  lands,  formerly  cultivated  by  the  Indians,  some  of  wliich 
th»>y  still  work  ;  tliey  could  be  had  for  a  trifle.  This  land  is  situate  on  sucli  beautiful  bay,  and  rivers 
that  it  could  at  little  cost  be  converted  into  good  farms  fit  lor  the  plough  ;  there  are  here,  also, 
some  fine  hay  valleys. 

Martin  Gerritsen's  bay  or  Martinnehouck,  is  much  deeper  and  wider  than  Oyster  bay,  and  runs 
westwar«i  in,  divides  into  three  rivers,  two  of  wliich  are  navigable  ;  the  smallest  stream  runs  up  in 
fiirtit  of  the  Indian  village  called  Martinne  houck,  where  they  have  their  plantations.  Tiiis  tribe  is 
not  strong,  and  consists  of  about  30  families.  In  and  about  this  bay  there  were  formerly  great 
numbers  of  Indian  Plantations,  which  now  lie  waste  and  vacant.    Tliis  land  is  mostly  level  and  of 


i. 


m 


1  6«r<ltter'i  Bar.  Ec. 


n  INrOKMATION    HIXATIVB  TO   TAKtNO    DP   LAND    IN    NEW    NKTMCHLAND. 

good  quality,  wt>ll  aiiupted  for  grniii  and  reariiig  of  all  sorts  of  cattle  ;  on  the  rivers  are  numeroos 
valleys  of  sweet  and  sidt  luoudows;  all  sorts  of  river  tish  are  also  caught  tliere. 

SchouCs  bay,  on  the  East  river,  also  very  open  and  navigal)ie,  witli  one  river  running  into  it ;  on 
said  river  are  also  fine  niaixe  lauds,  level  and  not  stony,  witli  riglit  beautiful  valleys,  fieyoud  said 
river  is  a  very  convenient  hook  of  land,  somewhat  large,  encircled  by  a  large  valley  and  river, 
vrhere  all  descriptions  of  cattle  can  be  reared  and  fei ,  sucli  convenience  being  a  great  accommo- 
dation for  the  settlei-s,  who  otherwise  must  search  liJr  their  cattle  frecjuently  several  daj    in  the  bush. 

The  country  on  the  Kast  river  between  Greenwich  and  tlie  island  Manhattans,  is  ur  the  most 
part  covered  with  trees,  lint  yet  Hat  and  suitable  land,  with  numerous  streams  and  valleys,  right 
good  soil  for  grain,  together  with  fresh  liay  and  meadow  lands. 

Wiequatskcckf  on  the  North  river,  five  miles  above  New  Amsterdam  is  very  good  and  suitable  .'and 
for  agriculture,  very  extensive  maizo  land,  on  which  the  Indians  have  planted — proceeding  fron/  the 
shore  and  inland  'tis  tiat  and  mostly  level,  well  watered  by  small  streams  and  running  springs. 
This  land  lies  between  the  Siutinck  and  Armonck  streams  situate  between  the  East  and  North 
rivers. ' 

In  the  Bay  of  the  North  river,  about  two  miles  from  Sandy  Hook,  lies  an  inlet  or  smali  nay  ;  on 
the  soutli  shore  of  said  bay,  called  Neyswesiuck,  there  are  also  right  good  maize  lands  which  have 
not  been  ctdtivated  by  the  natives  for  a  long  time.  This  district  is  well  adapted  for  raising  and 
feeding  all  sorts  of  cattle,  and  Is  esteemetl  by  many  not  ill-adapted  for  fisheries ;  a  good  trade  in 
furs  could  also  be  carried  on  tliere,  and  'tis  likewise  accessible  to  all  large  vessels  coming  from  sea, 
which  are  often  obliged  to  lie  to  or  anchor  behind  Sandy  Hook,  eitlier  in  consequence  of  contrary 
winds,  or  for  want  of  u  pilot. 

Tlie  district  inhabited  by  a  nation  called  Raritangs,  is  situate  on  a  fresh  water  river,  that  flows 
through  tlie  centre  of  the  low  hmd  which  the  Indians  cultivated.  Tiiis  vacant  territory  lies  between 
two  high  mountains,  far  distant  the  one  from  tlie  other.  Tliis  is  tlie  handsomest  and  pleasantest 
cotuitry  tliat  man  can  behold,  it  furuished  tlie  Indians  with  abundance  of  maize,  beans,  pumpkins, 
and  other  fruits.  This  district  was  abandoned  by  the  natives  for  two  reasons  ;  the  first  and  principal 
is,  that  finding  themselves  unable  to  resist  the  Southern  Indians,  they  migrated  further  inland  ;  the 
second,  because  this  country  was  flooded  every  spring  like  Renf^'laer's  colonic,  frequently  spoiling 
and  destn)ying  their  supplies  of  maize  which  were  stored  In  holes  under  ground 

Tlirough  this  valley  pass  large  numbers  of  all  sorts  of  tribes,  on  their  way  north  or  east,  this  land 
is  therefore  not  only  adaptni  for  raising  grain  and  rearing  all  descriptio.  '  cattle,  but  also  very 
convenient  for  trade  with  the  Indians. 

On  both  sides  of  the  South  bay  and  South  river  also  lie  some  handsome  lands,  not  only  suitable 
but  very  convenient  for  agriculture  and  trade. 

I  have  already  stated  where  the  first  Colonists  should.  In  my  opinion,  settle,  regard  being  had  to 
the  convenience  of  those  lands  in  the  possession  of  which  other  nations  being  anticipated,  they  would 
not  be  able  to  extend  their  pretended  limits  further,  and  great  peace  and  security  would  be  aflbrded 
to  the  Inhabitants.  I  shall  here  further  state  the  time  when  those  emigrating  hence  to  and  arriving 
in  New  Netherland  will  take  up  land,  and  how  each  shall  afterwards  earn  a  living  and  settle  in  the 
most  ec<>noiuical  manner  according  to  the  fashion  of  the  country. 

Boors  and  others  who  are  obliged  to  w»)rk  at  first  in  Colonies  ought  to  sail  from  this  country  in 
the  fore  or  latter  part  of  winter,  in  order  to  arrive  with  God's  help  in  New  Netherland  early  in  the 
Spring,  as  in  March,  or  at  latest  in  April,  »)  as  to  be  able  to  plant  during  that  summer,  garden 


1  "^HlOufitt  Cenitf.    Ep 


INFORMATION   RKLATIYE  TO  TAKtMQ    UP  LAND   IN   NEW   METHERLANO. 


23 


TCgetablcfl,  maize  and  beansi,  and  moreover  employ  the  whole  summer  in  clearing  land  and  building 
cuttngrs  as  I  shall  herentter  describe. 

All  tlien  wlio  arrive  in  New  Nethvrlniid  must  immediately  set  about  preparing  the  soil,  so  as  to  be 
able,  if  )»i)ssil)lu  to  plant  some  winter  grain,  and  to  proceed  the  next  winter  to  cut  and  clear  tlie 
timber.  The  trees  iire  usually  felled  tVi>m  the  stump,  cut  up  and  burnt  in  tlie  field,  unless  such  as 
are  suitable  l<>r  building,  lor  palisades,  posts,  and  rails,  which  must  be  ]>repared  during  winter,  so 
as  to  beset  up  in  the  spriiis?  on  tlie  ii«'W  made  land  wldch  is  intended  to  be  sown,  in  order  tliat  tlio 
cuttle  may  not  in  any  wise  injure  tlie  crops.  In  most  lands  is  tound  a  certain  root,  called  red  Wortel, 
w  hieh  must,  bet'oiT)>longhing,  be  extirpated  with  a  hoe,  expressly  ra'ide  tor  tiiat  purpose.  This  being 
done  in  tlie  winter,  some  plough  right  aruund  the  stumps,  should  time  or  circumstances  not  allow 
these  to  Iw  remove«l ;  others  plant  tobacco,  maize  antl  beans,  at  first.  The  soil  even  thus  becomes 
very  mellow,  and  tlioy  sow  winter  grain  the  n»'Xt  fall.  From  tobacco,  can  be  realized  some  of  the 
exi>enses  incurred  in  clearing  tiie  land.  The  maize  and  beans  lu'lj*  to  support  both  men  and  cattle. 
The  larmer  liuving  thus  begun,  must  endeavour,  every  year,  to  clear  as  much  new  land  as  he  possibly 
can,  and  sow  it  with  such  seed  as  he  considers  most  suitable. 

It  is  not  necessiu-y  that  tlu^  husbandman  should  take  up  much  stock  in  the  beginning,  since  clearing 
land  and  other  necessary  labor  do  not  permit  him  to  save  much  hay  and  to  build  barns  for  stabling. 
One  pair  of  draft  hoi-ses  or  n  yoke  of  oxen  only  is  necessary,  to  lide  the  planks  for  buildings  or 
palisades  or  rails  fi-om  the  land  to  the  j>lace  where  they  are  to  be  set. 

The  farmer  can  get  all  sorts  of  cuttle  in  the  course  of  the  second  summer  when  he  will  have  more 
leisure  to  cut  and  bring  home  hay,  also  to  build  burns  and  houses  fl>r  men  and  cattle. 

*  Of  the  building  of  hottscs  at  first. 

Before  beginning  to  build,  it  will  alwve  all  things  be  necessary  to  select  a  well  located  spot,  either 
on  some  river  or  b»»y,  suitable  for  the  settlement  of  a  village  or  hamlet.  This  is  previously  properly 
surveyed  and  divided  into  lots,  with  gootl  streets  according  to  the  situation  of  the  place.  This  hamlet 
can  be  fenced  all  nmnd  with  high  palisades  or  long  boards  and  closed  with  fates,  which  is  advanta- 
geous in  case  of  attack  by  the  natives  who  heretofore  ased  to  exhibit  their  insolence  in  new 
plantations. 

O.itside  the  village  or  hamlet  other  land  must  be  laid  out  which  can  in  general  be  fenced  and 
prepared  at  the  most  trifling  expense. 

Those  in  New  Netherland  and  especially  in  New  England,  who  have  no  means  to  build  farm  houses 
at  first  according  to  their  wishes,  dig  a  square  pit  in  the  ground,  cellar  fashion,  6  or  7  feet  deep,  as 
long  and  as  bi-oad  as  they  think  prt>j>er,  case  the  earth  inside  with  wood  all  round  the  wall,  and  lino 
the  wood  with  the  bark  of  trees  or  something  else  to  prevent  tlie  caving  in  of  the  earth  ;  floor  this 
cellar  with  i>lank  and  wainscot  it  overhead  for  a  ceiling,  raise  a  roof  of  spai'S  clear  up  and  cover  the 
spars  with  bark  or  green  sods,  so  that  tliey  can  live  dry  and  warm  in  these  houses  with  their  entire 
fanulies  for  two,  three  and  four  years,  it  being  understood  that  partitions  are  run  through  those  cellars 
wIhcIi  are  adapted  to  the  size  of  the  family.  The  wealthy  and  principal  men  in  New  England,  in 
the  liegiiining  t>f  the  Colonies,  commenced  their  first  dwelling  houses  in  this  fashion  for  two  reasons  ; 
firstly,  ill  onler  not  to  waste  time  building  and  not  to  want  food  the  next  season  ;  secondly,  in  order 
not  to  discourage  jxiorer  lalioring  people  whom  they  brought  over  la  numbers  from  Fatherland. 
In  tlie  course  of  3  (<i;  1  yeai-s,  when  the  country  became  adapted  to  ugriculture,  tiiey  built  themselves 
handsome  houses,  spending  on  them  several  thousands. 

After  the  houses  are  built  in  the  above  described  manner  or  otherwise  according  to  each  person's 
taeaus  and  fancy,  gaixlens  are  made,  and  planted  in  sMson  with  all  sorts  of  pot  herbs,  principally 


•(j    er" 


fit  INFORMATION   KELATIVE  TO  TAKINO   VP   LAND  IN   NEW   NBTHCKLAHD. 

pannips,  carrots,  and  cabbage,  wliich  bring  great  plenty  into  the  husbandman's  dwelling.    The  maize 
can  serve  as  bread  for  nieu,  and  food  fur  cattle. 

TIte  luigs,  after  liaving  picked  up  their  food  for  84)me  months  in  the  woo<is,  are  crammed  with  corn 
in  the  fall ;  when  fat  they  are  killeil  and  furnish  a  very  liard  and  clean  pork ;  a  good  article  for  the 
husbati'lmun  wlio  gradually  and  in  time  begins  to  purchase  horses  and  cows  with  tlie  produce  of  his 
grain  uiid  the  increase  of  Ids  hogs,  and  instead  of  a  cellar  as  aforesaid,  builds  good  farm  houses  and 
baius. 

Of  tht  nteettary  Cattle. 

The  cattle  necessary  in  a  Colonle  or  private  Bouwery  in  New  Netherland,  are  gocid  mares  and 
sound  stallions. 

Yike  oxen  for  the  plough,  inasmuch  as  in  new  lands  full  ot  roots,  oxen  go  forward  steadily 
under  the  pluugli,  and  horses  stand  still,  or  with  a  start  break  the  horness  in  pieces. 

Milrli  cows  of  kindly  disposition  and  good  bulls,  slieep,  sows,  etc.  Fowls  are  well  adapted  to 
Bouweries. 

These  Cattle  are  abundant  in  New  Netherland  and  especially  in  New  England  and  to  be  had  at  a 
reasonable  price,  except  sheep  which  the  English  do  not  sell  and  are  rare  in  New  Netherland. 

Prices  of  Cattle, 

In  Nkw  Nr.TiiERLANn ;  a  }  oung  mare  with  her  2<'  or  third  foal  costs fl.  1 50  to  169  =3  |60 

A  4  to  5  year  old  stallion  about 130  sa    53 

A  milch  cow  with  her  2'' or  3i>  calf, 100  =    40 

A  year  old  sow, 20  @  24  ai  8@10 

A  sheep,  being  an  ewe, 20  (3)  24 

In  New  England  ;  a  gooil  mare  sells  for, 100  @  120 

A  stallion, 100 

A  milch  cow, 60  @  70 

A  yearling  sow, 12  (?<)  14 

Sheep  are  not  sold  here. 

It  is  to  be  observeil  that  in  a  Colonic  each  Farmer  has  to  be  provided  by  his  Landlord  with  at 
least  one  yoke  of  oxen  or  with  two  mares  in  their  stead  two  cows,  one  or  two  &<.;W8,  for  the  purpose 
of  increaM',  and  the  use  of  the  farm  and  the  support  of  his  family. 

If  tlie  above  cattle  multiply  in  course  of  time  with  God's  blessing  the  Bouweries  can  be  fully 
stocked  with  necessury  cattle,  and  new  Bouweries  set  oft  with  the  remainder,  as  is  the  practice  in 
Kenselaer's  Colonic  and  other  places,  as  so  on  dertow^  so  as  to  lay  out  no  money  for  stock. 

All  farming  implements  necessary  for  the  land  must  be  also  procured,  except  wagon  and  plough 
which  can  l>e  made  there. 

And  as  it  is  found  by  experience  in  New  Netherland  that  farmers  can  with  difficulty  obtain  from 
the  soil  enough  to  provitle  themselves  with  necessary  victuals  and  support,  those  who  propose 
planting  CoK)uies  must  supply  their  farmers  and  families  with  necessary  food  for  at  least  two  to  three 
years,  if  not  altogether  it  must  be  done  at  least  in  part. 

Kecessary  supplies  for  the  farmer. 

If  no  wheat  or  rye  can  be  had  for  bread,  maize  can  be  always  had  in  season'from  the  Indians  at 
a  reasonable  price.    Tlie  skepel  costs  ordinarily  10  @  15  stivers  when  bought  from  the  Indians. 
Meat  Vinigar 

Pork  Pease,  and 

Butter  or  Oil  instead  ;  Beans. 


mrOUIATION    KKLATITR  TO  TAKIWO   VP  LAND   IN   NCW   NETHBiaAND.  |P 

Snlntl  oil  ami  rinrcnr  are  not  easy  to  be  had  in  that  country  except  at  an  excessively  high  price 
ttom  tlie  Diitrl)  Irwders. 

All  this  living  iirnuii^l  it  mu«t  be  notcil  what  description  of  people  are  best  adapted  fur  agriculture 
in  New  Nfthcrliuid  and  to  |)erforui  the  most  service  and  return  the  most  protit  in  the  l)eglnning. 

First,  11  i>t>rjuu  i:i  necessary  to  superintend  the  worlcing  men  ;  be  ought  to  he  acquuint«'d  with 

Iiuiustrious  country  i>eopIe,  conversant  with  the  working  and  cultivation  of  land,  and  possessing  a 
knowletlgo  of  cuttle. 

It  would  not  U'  unpr\>fltable  to  add  to  these  some  Highland  boors,  from  the  Voluwe,'  Oullck,* 
Cletf,'  and  llen?.« 

Nortlieruers  art«  a  pe»>ple  adapteil  to  cutting  down  trees  and  clearing  land,  inasmuch  as  they  are 
very  lulntrious  and  accuslonieil  to  w  >rk  In  the  woo<ls. 

Noi'thtruent  can  do  almost  an}i.  iiig,  some  can  build  much,  others  a  little,  and  construct  small 
etui\  which  tliey  call  yawls. 

CarjH'uters  wh«>  can  lay  brick. 

Smiths  conversant  with  hwivy  work,  curing  cattle  and  provided  with  suitable  medicines. 

One  or  more  surgeitns,  according  to  the  number  of  the  people,  with  a  chest  well  supplied  with  all 
sorts  of  drugs. 

One  or  more  Coopers. 

A  Clergyman,  Comforter  of  the  sick,  or  precentor  who  could  also  act  as  Schoolmaster. 

A  Wiieelwrijjht. 

All  other  tradesnion  would  \\te  requiretlj  in  time ;  the  above  mentioned  mechanics  are  the  most 
necessary  at  first.  In  or\ler  to  i>romote  population  through  such  and  other  means,  the  people  must 
be  providetl  with  Freeiloms  and  Privileges  so  as  to  induce  them  to  quit  their  Fatherland,  and 
emigrate  with  their  litiuilies  l>eyond  tlie  sea  to  this  far  distant  New  Netherlund.  And  as  poor  people 
have  no  means  to  delVay  the  cost  of  {uissage  and  other  expenses,  it  were  desii'able  that  wealthy 
individuals  wotdd  e\|>end  si>nie  capital,  to  people  this  country  or  at  their  own  expense  remove 
themselves  like  tho  English  of  New  England,  with  funds  and  a  large  body  of  working  men,  and 
provide  those  without  means,  with  land,  dwelling,  cattle,  tools  and  necessary  support ;  and  that, 
until  they  could  derive  the  necessary  maintenance  from  the  soil  and  the  increase  of  cattle,  after  which 
time  they  would  lie  able  to  i>ay  yearly  a  reasonable  quit  rent  to  their  Lords  and  Masters  from  the 
effects  in  their  {Hvssession. 

By  the  population  mid  cidtivation  of  the  aforesaid  lands  those  who  shall  have  disbursed  funds  for 
the  removal  of  the  tailoring  classes  the  purchase  of  cattle  and  all  other  expenses,  would,  in  process 
of  some  years,  ai^er  Go^l  had  blessed  the  tillage,  and  the  increase  of  the  cattle,  derive  a  considerable 
revenue  in  grain,  meat,  i>ork,  butter,  and  tobacco,  which  form  at  iirst  the  earliest  returns,  in  time 
can  be  improveil  by  industry,  such  as  the  making  pot  and  pearl  ashes,  clapboards,  knees  for  ship 
building,  slaves,  all  sorts  of  pine  and  oak  pluiik,  masts  for  large  ships,  square  timber,  and  ash  and 
hickory  planks  in  which  a  staple  trade  could  be  established.  The  English  of  New  England  put  this 
in  practice,  as  is  to  be  stH>n,  after  the  land  had  been  first  brought  to  proper  condition  ;  they  sell 
their  provisions  at  the  Caribbeim  Islands,  staves  at  Madeira  and  the  Canaries,  Masts  and  Fish  in 


1  The  Jistrict  of  Arnh^ro,  in  «ho  Provinco  of  GclderUnd. 

2  A  Gorman  town  wwl  of  Koukn. 

3  Between  the  KhiiM>  «iKi  tho  Gormsn  ft'ontior. 

4  The  Duchy  of  &<ix  i«  About  lour  or  flv«  miles  S.  Eut  of  Arnhem 


Vot.  IV. 


4 


20 


IMrORMATION    RKLATIVC   TO   TAKINO    VP    LAND    IN   MIW    HBTHCRLAND. 


Spain  aud  PortngAl,  and  briufi;  in  irturn  all  (ortti  of  coramodltirs,  lo  mnrh  of  wlilrh  rct!<'.j '  ,\h  ittrj 
do  nut  consume  uro  iiguin  didtrlhutcd  l>y  thnn  tlionglioiit  all  tlio  hlunds  known  and  inliali."  .'  •  i  thi- 
Nurtliern  imrt  of  America.  So  that  throtigh  t)i«  variety  of  tlie  returns,  wliicli  of  nccvxs.:/  wnn 
receive<l,  a  ]>n)Utal>le  trade  Is  already  estHl)lislied  in  New  KiiRlnnd,  which  run  also  be  right  well  oet  on 
foot  liy  the  Netherlauders,  if  the  iK)iiuIatio»  of  the  country  were  promoted. 

T'le  following  is  the  mode  pursued  by  the  Wist  India  Company  in  the  first  planting  tf  Eouu'cr'cs, 

The  Company,  at  their  own  cost  and  in  tlieir  own  ships  conveyed  several  boors  to  New  Netlier- 
land,  aiul  gave  tlieso  tlie  following  (erms  : — 

Tlio  farmer,  l)eiMg  conveyed  with  liis  I'amily  over  sea  to  New  Netlierland,  was  granted  by  the 
Company  Jor  tlie  term  of  six  years  a  Ilouwery,  wliieh  was  partly  cleared,  and  a  goi.tl  part  of  whicli 
was  fit  for  tlie  iilough. 

The  Company  furnished  tlie  I'ariuer  a  house,  Itarn,  farming  implements  and  tools,  together  with 
four  horses,  four  cows,  slieep  and  pit^s  in  proportion,  (he  usulruet  and  enjoyment  of  wiiieh  the 
husbandman  should  have  during  the  six  years,  and  on  tlie  expiration  thereof  return  the  nunibir 
of  cattle  ho  received.  The  entiiti  increase  remained  with  the  farmer.  The  farmer  was  Injund  lo 
pay  yearly  cue  hundred  guilders  (!)lt»)  and  eiglily  pountls  of  butter  rent  for  the  cleared  land  and 
bouwery. 

The  country  people  who  obtained  the  above  mentioned  conditions  nil  prospereil  during  their 
residence  on  the  Company's  lamls 

Afterwards  the  cattle  belonging  to  the  Company  in  New  Netherland  were  dlstril)Uted  for  some 
years  among  those  who  hail  no  means  to  purchase  slock. 

The  risk  of  the  Cattle  dying  is  shared  in  common  and  after  the  expiration  of  the  contract,  the 
Company  receives,  if  the  Cattle  live,  the  number  the  husbandman  llrst  received,  and  the  increase 
which  is  over,  is  divided  half  and  half,  by  which  means  many  people  have  obtained  stock  and  even 
to  this  day,  the  Company  have  still  considerable  cattle  among  the  Colonists,  wlio  make  use  on  the 
above  conditions  of  the  horses  in  cultivating  the  farm  ;  the  cows  serve  lor  the  increase  of  the  stock 
and  for  tiio  support  of  their  families. 

The  foregoing  is  what  is  necessary  to  be  communicated  at  present  respecting  the  establishment  of 
one  or  more  Colonies  and  relative  to  supjilies.  What  regards  the  government  and  preservation  of 
such  Colonies  ;  and  what  persons  ought  to  be  in  authority  there  and  who  these  ought  to  be,  I  leave 
to  the  wise  and  prudent  consideration  of  your  noble  High  Mightinesses.  Meanwhile  I  pray  the 
Creator  of  Heaven  and  Earth  to  endow  your  High  Mightinesses  with  the  Spirit  of  grace  and  wisdom, 
BO  that  all  your  High  Migtinesses'  deliberations  may  tend  to  the  advantage  of  the  Country  and  its 
Inhabitants. 


IV. 


JOURNAL 


or  THE 


l1 


SECOND    ESOPUS    WAR; 


BY  CAPT.  MARTIN  KREGIER. 


With  an  account  of  the  Massacre  at  Wlldwyck, 
(now  Kingston,) 

And  the  namea  of  thoie  kUIod,  wounded,  and  taken  prisoners,  by  the  Indian*  on  th«t  occMlon. 


1663. 


TramUted  fVom  the  original  Dutch  MS 


MASSACRE  AT  THE  ESOPUS. 


'■*  i 


The  Court  at  WUdvayck  to  the  Council  of  JV*.  JVetherland. 

Right  Honorable,  most  respected,  wise,  prudent  and  very  discreet  Lords. 

We,  your  Honors'  faltliful  subjects  have  to  report,  pursuant  to  the  order  of  the  R»  Houi>'«  Heer 
Director  General,  iu  the  form  of  a  Journal,  that  in  obedience  to  his  Honor's  order,  received  on  the 
ao""  of  May  last,  we  caused  the  Indian  Sachems  to  be  notified  on  the  5""  of  June,  to  be  prepared  to 
expect  the  arrival  of  the  R»  Hon'''*  Heer  Director  General,  to  receive  tlie  promised  presents,  and 
to  renew  the  peace.  This  notification  was  communicated  to  them  through  Capt.  Tliomas  Cliambers, 
to  which  they  answered — "If  peace  were  to  be  renewed  with  them,  the  Hon'''*  Heer  Director 
General  should,  with  some  unarmed  persons,  sit  with  them  in  the  open  flek';  witliout  the  gate,  as  it 
was  their  own  custom  to  meet  unarmed  when  renewing  peace  or  in  other  negotiations."  But  they, 
unmindful  of  tlie  preceding  statement,  surprized  and  attacked  us  betweeu  tlie  hours  of  11  and  12 
o'clock  in  tlie  forenoon  on  Tlmrsday  the  7"»  instant  Entering  in  bands  through  all  the  gates,  they 
divided  and  scattered  themselves  among  all  the  housep  and  dwellings  in  a  friendly  manner,  having 
with  them  a  little  maize  and  some  few  beans  to  sell  to  our  Inhabitants,  by  which  means  they  kept 
them  within  tlieir  houses,  and  thus  went  from  place  to  place  as  spies  to  discover  our  strengt'.i  in 
men.  And  after  they  had  been  about  a  short  quarter  of  an  hour  within  this  place,  some  people  on 
horseback  rushed  through  the  Mill  gate  from  the  New  Village,  crying  out — "The  Indians  have 
destroyed  the  New  Village  !"  And  witli  these  words,  the  Indians  here  in  tliis  Village  ianncdiately 
fired  a  shot  and  made  a  general  attack  on  our  village  from  the  rear,  murdering  om-  people  in  their 
houses  with  their  axes  and  tomahawks,  and  firing  on  them  with  guns  and  pistols ;  they  seized 
whatever  women  and  cliildren  they  could  catch  and  carried  tliem  prisoners  outside  tlie  gates, 
plundered  the  houses  and  set  the  village  on  fire  to  windward,  it  blowing  at  the  time  from  tlie  South. 
The  remaining  Indians  commanded  all  the  streets,  firing  from  the  corner  houses  which  they  occupied 
and  through  the  curtains  outside  along  the  highways,  so  that  some  of  our  inhabitants,  on  their  way 
to  their  houses  to  get  their  arms,  were  wounded  and  slain.  When  the  flames  were  at  their  height 
the  wind  changed  to  the  west,  were  it  not  for  which  the  fire  would  have  been  much  more  destruct- 
ive. So  rapidly  and  silently  did  Murder  do  his  work  that  those  in  different  parts  of  the  village  were 
not  aware  of  it  until  those  who  had  been  wounded  happened  to  meet  each  other,  in  which  way 
the  most  of  the  others  also  had  warning.  The  greater  portion  of  our  men  were  abrotid  at  their  field 
labors,  and  but  few  in  the  village.  Near  the  mill  gate  were  Albert  Gysbertsen  with  two  servants, 
and  Tjerck  Claesen  de  Wit ;  at  the  Sherilf's,  himself  with  two  carpenters,  two  clerks  and  one 
thresher ;  at  Cornelius  Bareutsen  Sleght's,  himself  and  his  son  ;  at  the  Domine's,  himself  and  two 
carpenters  and  one  labouring  man  ;  at  the  guard  house,  a  few  soldiers  ;  at  the  gate  towards  the  river, 
llenderick  Jochemsen  and  Jacob,  the  Brewer;  but  Hendrick  Jochem?cu  was  very  severely 
wounded  in  his  house  by  two  shots  at  an  early  hour.  By  these  aforesaitl  men,  most  of  whom  had 
neither  guns  nor  side  arras,  were  the  Indians,  through  God's  mercy,  chased  and  put  to  ilight  on  the 
alarm  being  given  by  the  Sherifi'.    Capt.  Tliomas  Chambers,  who  was  wounded  on  cuuiiug  in  from 


ill 


80 


JOrnNAI,   OF    THE    SECOKD   ESOPUS    WA». 


without,  issued  immediate  orders  (with  the  SheriiF  and  Commissaries,)  to  secure  the  gates  ;  to  clea? 
the  gun  and  to  drive  out  the  Savages,  wlio  were  still  about  lialfan  liour  in  tlie  village  aiming  at  tlieir 
persons,  whicli  Mas  accordingly  done,  Tlie  burning  of  the  houses,  the  murder  and  c  irrjing  off  of 
women  and  children  is  here  omitted,  as  these  have  becii  already  conii  uuiicated  to  ycur  Honors  on 
the  lO'h  Jui-e.  After  these  few  men  had  been  collected  against  the  Barlarians,  by  degrees  the  others 
arrived  who  it  has  been  stated,  were  abroad  at  their  field  labors,  a,  id  we  fonnd  ourselves  when 
mustered  in  the  evening,  including  those  from  the  new  village  who  took  refuge  amongst  us,  in 
number  69  efficient  men,  Iwth  qualified  and  unqualifitd.  Tiie  burnt  palisades  wert  inunediately 
replaced  by  new  ones,  and  the  people  distributed,  during  the  night,  along  tlie  bastiona  and  curtains 
to  keep  watch. 

On  the  10">  inst ,  10  horsemen  were  commanded  to  ride  down  to  the  Redoubt'  and  to  examine  its 
condition.  They  returned  with  word  that  the  soldiers  at  the  Redoubt  had  not  seen  any  Indians. 
They  brought  also  with  them  the  Sergeant,  who  had  gone  the  preceding  morning  to  the  Redoubt,  and 
as  he  heard  on  his  return  of  the  mischief  committed  by  the  Indians  in  the  village,  he  went  back  to 
the  Redoubt  and  staid  there.  In  addition  to  the  Sergeant  they  brought  the  men  who  had  fled  from 
the  new  village. 

On  the  IC**,  towards  evening,  Sergeant  Christiaen  Niessen  went  wit'i  a  troop  of  so'dierg,  sent  us 
by  your  Honors,  beii.g  42  men,  and  three  wagons,  to  the  Redoubt,  wit.i  letters  for  the  Manhatans, 
addressed  to  your  Honors,  and  to  bring  up  ammunition  from  the  Redoubt.  On  their  return,  the 
Indians  made  an  attempt,  at  the  first  hill,  to  take  the  ammunition  from  these  troops.  The  Sergeant 
having  divided  his  men  into  separate  bodies,  evinced  great  courage  against  the  Indians,  skirmishing 
With  them  from  the  first,  to  past  the  second  hill,  and  definding  the  wagons  so  well  that  they  arrived 
a  safety  in  the  village.  He  had,  however,  one  killed  and  six  wounded.  The  dead  man  was 
brought  in  next  morning,  having  been  stripped  naked,  and  having  liad  his  right  hand  cut  off  by  t!i6 
Indians.  Some  of  the  Indians  were  also  killed,  but  the  number  of  these  is  not  known.  This 
skirmishing  having  been  heard  in  the  village,  a  reinlbrcenient  of  horse  and  foot  was  immediately 
ordered  out,  but  before  tliey  arrived  the  Indians  had  been  put  to  flight  by  the  above  named 
Sergeant. 

This,  Right  Hon'''«  Lords,  is  what  we  have  deemed  necessary  to  con  municate  to  you  in  the  form 
of  a  journal  as  to  how  and  in  what  manner  the  Indians  have  acted  towards  us  and  we  towards  them 
in  the  preceding  circumstances.  And  we  humbly  and  respectfully  recjuest  your  Honors  to  bo 
pleased  to  st.  .us  hither  for  the  wounded  by  the  earliest  opportunity,  some  prunes  fud  linen  with 
some  wine  to  strengthen  them,  and  whatever  else  not  obtainable  here  your  Honors  may  think  proper; 
also,  carabines,  cutlasses,  and  gun  flints,  and  we  request  that  the  cara  )ines  may  be  Siaphaunce,  as 
the  people  here  are  but  little  conversant  with  the  use  of  the  arquebuse  (vyer  roer)  ;  a'so  some  spurs 
for  the  Iiorsemen.  In  addition  io  this,  also,  some  reinforcements  in  i  len  inasmuch  t  s  harvest  will 
commence  in  about  14  days  from  date.  Herewith  ending,  we  commend  your  Hoaors  to  God's 
fatherly  care  and  protection.    Done,  Wildwyck  this  20«h  June  1663. 

BOELOF    SWARTWOUT, 

the  mark  of  Albert  Qysbehtsen, 

TiEBECK  ClASSIN    DeWiTT, 

Thomas  CtiAMUKRs, 
Gvsbert  V^an  Imbroch, 
Christiaen  Nvssen, 
Hem)rick  Jochkmskn. 


IXaadon*. 


JOURNAL  OF   THE  SECOND   ESOPUS    WAil. 


LIST  OF  THE  KILLED  AT  WILDWYCK. 


31 


Biivfiit  Gerrotsen 
Jan  Alberts 
Led  ten  Dirreck 
WilK'iii  Junseu  Seha 
Willeui  Jaiisen  Hap 
Jan  the  Smith 
Ilcndi'ick  Jaiisen  Lxihian 
Tlio'tias  Clumilters'  negro 
Hey  Ollerts 

Hi  nl  rick  Martensen 
DoiL'inieus 
Christiaen  Antlriescn 


Men. 
murdered  in  front  of  his)  house, 
in  liis  house, 
ou  the  f'arin. 
oi)posite  his  door, 
in  Pieter  van  Hacrs  house, 
in  his  huuse. 
on  the  farm, 
on  tiie  fai-ni. 
in  tlu!  gunner's  nouse 


(1 

u 
u 

u 


Soi.DIKUS. 

on  the  farm. 

in  Jan  Alberts'  iiouse. 

on  the  Street. 


I.ichten  Dirreck's  v  ife  hiu-nt,  witli  Iier  lost  fruit,  behind  Barent  Gerritsen's  house 

Mat  ys  Ciipito's  wil ;  killed  and  burnt  in  tl\e  liou.se. 

Jan  Albertsen's  wil?,  big  witli  child,  killed  in  front  of  her  house. 

I'ietor  van  Hael's  nile  shot  and  burnt  in  her  house. 

Children. 
Jan  Alberts  little  girl  murdered  with  her  mother. 
Willeni  Hap's  cliild  burnt  alive  in  tlie  house. 

Taken  Prisontrs. 
Maser  Gysbert's  Wife.'     Hester  Douwe. 
Sara  the  daughter  <  f  Hester  Douve. 
Grietje,  Domine  J^rer's  wiCv 
Femnietje,  sister  of  Hilletjo,  being  recently  aiarried  to  Joost  Ariaens. 

ClIII.DUEN. 

Tjerek  Claessen  de  \\  itt's  oldvf.it  dangliter. 

Dominie  Laer's  child. 

Ai'iaen  Gerritsen's  daught'^r. 

Two  little  boys  of  .Mattys  Koeloffi^en. 

Killed  in  the  New  Village: 

Men. 
Afarten  Harmensen  found  dead  and  stript  naVed  behind  the  wagon. 
JacijUes  Tyssen  beside  Rarent's  liouse. 
Deri'ick  Ariaensen  shot  on  his  horse. 

1  Surge  in  ImbrocL's  wife  was  the  Uauslitcr  of  the  UonbU  }fi.  T..t  Montagna..   Vice  DIr««ter  of  fort  Oraog* 


89 


JOURNAL   OF   THE  SECOND   ESOPUS   WAR. 


Taken  prisoners: 
Men. 
Jan  Gerritsen  on  Volckert's  bouwery. 


Of  Louwis  du  bois, 

Of  Mattheu  blanchan, .... 

Of  Antoni  Crupel, 

Of  Lambert  Huybertsen,  . 
Of  Marten  Harmensen,  . . 

Of  Jan  Joosten, 

Of  Barent  Harmensen,  . . . 
Of  Grietje  Westercamp, . . 

Of  Jan  Barents, 

Of  Michiel  Ferre,' 

Of  Henderick  Jochems,  . . 
Of  Henderick  Martensen, 
Of  Albert  Heyraans, 


Women. 
1 

1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 


Children. 
3 
2 
1 
3 
4 
2 
1 
3 
1 
2 
1 
1 


Women  8  Ch'n  26 


Houses  burnt  in  Wildwyck. 


Of  Michiel  Ferre, 1 

Of  Willera  Hap,   1 

Of  Mattys  Rooloffsen, ...  1 

Of  Albert  Gerretsen, 1 

Of  Lichten  Birrick, 1 


Of  Hans  Caiolusen,. 1 

Of  Pietervan  Hael, 1 

Of  Jacob  boerhans, 2 

Of  Barent  Gerretsen, 2 

Of  Mattys, 1 


Houses  12 
The  new  village  is  entirely  destroyed  except  a  new  uncovered  barn,  one  rick  and  a  little  stack  of 
reed. 

Wounded  in  Wildwyck. 

shot  in  the  woods. 

in  his  house. 

in  front  of  his  house. 

in  front  of  his  house. 

in  front  of  his  house. 

in  the  lionse  of  Aert  Pietersen  Tack. 
Henderick  the  Heor  Director  General's  Servant  in  the  street  in  front  of  Aert  Jacobsen. 
Paulas  the  Noorman  in  the  street. 


Thomas  Chambers, 
Henderick  Jochemsen, 
Michiel  Ferre, » 
Albert  G«vretsen, 
Andries  Barents, 
Jan  du  pnrck. 


u 

a 
u 
(( 


1  Sic  in  Orig.    Qii.  Frerc  ? 

2  Died  of  bU  wouncU  ou  the  16tb  Jaue. 


I 


JOURNAL   OF    THE    SECOND    E80PVS    WAH.  83 


JOURNAL  OF  THE  ESOPUS  WAR.    1663. 

On  the  4'h  July  we  entered  tlie  Esopus  Kill  in  front  of  the  Redoubt  with  the  two  Yachts,  and 
sent  the  Sergeant  Pleter  Ebel  with  40  men  up  to  the  village  Wildioyck  to  fetch  wagons ;  he 
returned  to  the  river  side  about  2  o'clock  in  tlie  afternoon  accompanied  by  Serjeant  Cliristiaen 
Nyssen,  60  men  and  9  wagons ;  they  loaded  these  and  departed  with  them  to  the  Village  wliere  I 
arrived  towards  evening.  Saw  nothing  in  tlie  world  except  three  Indians  on  a  liigh  hill  near  the 
Redoubt. 

5'*>  ditto.  Returned  to  the  water  side  with  60  men,  10  horsemen,  and  9  wagons  to  bring  up 
supplies,  but  saw  scarcely  anything  on  the  way. 

6">  ditto.  Made  another  journey  to  the  sliore  with  10  wagons  and  brought  up  the  remainder  of  the 
supplies,  but  did  not  perceive  anything.  In  the  evening  went  for  gra.ss  with  12  wagons  30  Soldiers 
and  10  liorsemen  ;  then  saw  10  or  12  Indians  calling  to  each  other  but  nothing  further  transpired. 

7">  ditto.  Went  again  twice  for  grass  with  50  men  and  12  liorsemen  but  saw  notliing.  Two 
Indians  arrived  at  the  fort  about  2  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  with  a  deer  and  some  flsli.  Said  they 
came  from  the  river  side  and  that  tliey  had  been  at  tlie  Redoubt  where  they  had  tradod  some  fish 
for  tobacco ;  that  they  had  left  their  Canoe  at  tlie  Redoubt,  &  that  they  ure  Wappinger  Indians. 
Meanwhile  detained  them  and  conveyed  tliem  to  the  guard  liouse. 

8"'  ditto.  Sunday.  About  noon  came  5  Indians  near  our  fort — they  called  out  to  us  to  know  if 
we  }iad  any  Indians  in  tlie  fort  ?  To  wliich  we  answered,  Yes  :  They  asked,  why  we  detained 
tliem  as  they  were  Wappinger  Indians  7  To  which  we  answered,  they  ought  to  keep  at  a  distance 
as  we  could  not  distinguish  one  tribe  of  Indians  from  another,  and  if  we  found  that  they  had  not 
done  any  injury  to  the  Dutch,  we  should  release  them.  We  told  them  also,  that  they  must  keep 
away  from  here,  and  go  home,  for  if  we  should  meet  them  in  tlie  woods  we  would  kill  them  as  well  as 
the  other  Indians — if  they  were  desirous  to  come  here  to  speak  to  us,  they  must  stick  up  a  white 
flag.  Whereupon  they  answered,  'Tis  well,  adieu ;  and  thereupon  went  tlieir  way.  Immediately 
after  tlieir  departure,  sent  out  40  soldiers  and  10  horsemen  to  look  after  the  cattle,  whether  they  had 
not  bech  near  tliem,  but  on  reaching  these  they  did  not  remark  any  mischief— they,  therefore, 
returned  with  the  cattle  to  the  fort.  After  the  afternoon  sermon  we  examined  the  oldest  Indian  as 
to  wliether  he  was  not  acquainted  with  some  Esopus  Indians  and  whether  he  would  not  lead  us  to 
tliera-  -gave  liim  fair  words  and  promised  him  a  present ;  for  the  Dutch  at  the  Esoms  had  told 
us  t!iat  some  Indians  dwelt  about  two  miles  from  there,  wherefore  we  were  resolved  to  go  in  search 
of  them  tlie  same  evening  witli  50  men.  But  tliis  Indian  said  to  us — Go  not  there,  for  the  Indians 
have  gone  thence  and  dwell  now  back  of  Magdalen  Island'  on  the  main  land  in  the  rear  of  a  Cripple 
bush  on  the  east  side  of  Fort  Orange  river,  and  number  8  men  9  women  and  11  children ;  and 
he  even  offered  to  guide  us  thitlier  if  we  had  a  boat  to  put  us  across  the  river.  Whereupon  it  was 
resolved  by  the  Council  of  War  to  despatch  two  parties  tliat  same  evening  to  procure  some  craft 
to  put  us  over  the  river.  I,  therefore,  sent  Sergeant  Christiaen  Nyssen  and  Jan  Peersen,  each  with 
16  men,  to  look  up  a  boat.  The  same  old  Indian  betrayed  his  companion  who  had  come  with  him 
on  the  preceding  day  into  the  fort — stating  that  he  had  assisted  the  Esop...s  Indians  against  the 
Dutch,  and  for  sod.ing  had  received  in  hand  6  fathom  of  Sewan,  [wampum] ;  that  9  Wappingers 
and  30  Manissings  were  with  tlie  Esopus  Indians  and  aided  them — also  that  he  said  they  were  together 
about  '2(10  Indians  strong. 

1  Magdalen  island  is  situate  between  tlie  Upper  and  Lower  Red  Hook  Landings.  These  Indians  must  therefore  liave  been  In 
the  town  of  Redhoiik — Dntrhesg  co. 

Vol.,  IV.  5 


84 


JOVHNAI.    OF    THE    SECONU    F.SOPCS    WAR. 


G'h  ditto.  Monday  I  marched  very  early,  [with  40  Soldiers  |  and  10  horsemen  to  the  water  sido 
to  ride  up  and  planks  to  construct  a  Cabin  to  store  the  provisions  and  ammunition.    i\bo\it 

o'clock  the  two  detachments,  I  had  sent  out  in  the  evening,  to  look  for  craft,  came  to  me  at 
the  Redoubt,  but  they  saw  neither  Indians  nor  boat.  They  were  marched  all  together  to  fort  WUdvyrk 
and  arrived  there  about  12  o'clock  Then  sent  30  men  with  10  horsemen  out  scouting,  who  returned 
about  4  o'clock;  had  seen  nothing.  About  6  o'clock  Peiter  Wolfertsen'  and  Lieutenant  Stilwil 
arrived  liere  with  their  troops ;  I  then  immediately  called  a  Coiuicil  of  War  and.  it  was  resolved 
luianimously  to  set  out  in  the  evening  with  20  Soldiers  and  12  Indians  under  the  conimiind  <>t' 
Cliristiaen  Niesen  and  Peiter  Wolfertsen  in  order  to  visit  the  East  shore  near  Magdalen  Island,  lo 
see  if  they  could  not  surprize  the  Esopus  Indians  who  were  lying  there  ;  they  took  the  old  Indian  uloii<; 
as  a  guide,  who  well  knew  where  they  lay. 

10">  ditto.  I  have  gone  again  to  the  river  side  with  40  Soldiers  and  10  horsemen  to  fetih  plank. 
In  returning,  the  horse  men  on  the  right  flank  rode  too  far  from  th3  foot  soldiers  and  alongside  the 
mountain  on  which  12  to  15  Savages  lay  in  ambush  who  simultaneously  fired  a  at  the  horsemen 
one  of  whom  tliey  sliot  through  the  boot,  and  grazed  a  horse.  On  hearing  tliis,  we  immediately 
reinforced  the  f  n'ahy  with  25  men,  pursued  the  Indians  through  the  mountain  a  good  half  hour, 
but  they  would  >  once  make  a  stand  ;  we  tlierefore  returned  to  the  wagon?  \\here  I  had  left  15 
me7i  and  miircin  •  gether  to  the  Village  of  Wildwyck.  In  the  afternoon,  the  scouting  party  went 
out  again  ;  T  stnt  lujrewith  Lieutenant  Stilwil  wi'h  15  men  of  his  Company  and  Sergeant  Picter 
Ebel  wi!!'  '2-1  nien  •.  20  Indians  with  10  horsemen.  They  discovered  nothing  except  a  path  which 
the  India*.'  f'  imA  by  which  Savages  had  recently  passed  totlieir  fort ;  they  followed  \\\\<  a  long  wayi 
but  saw  nothi  ux      ;>rpanwliile,  tliey  returned  all  together. 

ll'h  ditto.  Ac  L:';  sent  out  a  party  to  tlie  Mountain  near  the  water  side,  Vnit  they  saw  nothing  ; 
they  retu    ed  in  the  evening. 

12'*'  ditto.  Pieter  Wolfertsen  &  Sergeant  Niessen  return,  d  witli  their  troops,  bringing  with  them 
one  S(|uaw  and  three  children  wlioni  they  liad  captured  ;  they  killed  five  armed  Indians  and  a 
"woman  ;  tlie  Esopus  Captain  {Weldoverste)  was  among  tiie  slain;  they  cut  off  his  hand  which  they 
Inouglit  hither.  Had  not  the  Indian  led  them  astray  and  missed  the  houses,  they  would  have 
surprized  all  the  Indians  who  were  there  to  the  number  of  28,  with  women  and  children.  For 
tlirniigh  the  mistake  of  the  Indian,  our  people  first  came  about  midday  where  they  found  tlie 
Jiiilians  posted  and  in  arms.  They  immediately  fell  on  the  latter  and  routed  and  pursued  them. 
Ill  (he  eliase  one  of  our  soldiers  was  slain.  Meanwhile  the  huts  were  plundered  wherein  they  found 
19  Blankets  9  Kettles  a  lot  of  Sewan.  and  4  Muskets  belonging  to  the  Indians  who  were  killed. 
They  returned  on  board  with  l!ie  plunder  and  four  prisoners,  and  arrived  safe  except  one  of  our 
Soldiers  who  was  bit  in  the  leg  by  a  rattlesnake.  About  5  o'chx-k  in  the  afternoon,  I  went  with  60 
men  to  tlie  river  side,  to  bring  up  the  booty  and  prisoners ;  returned  to  the  fort  in  the  evening ; 
encountered  no  harm. 

in'""  ditto.  Examined  the  Squaw  prisoner  and  enouired  if  she  were  not  acquainted  with  some 
Esi'pus  Indians  who  abode  alwut  here  1  She  k  ,■  .verec'  >;iat  some  Cattskill  Indians  lay  on  the  other 
side  near  tlie  Sagers  Kill,  but  they  would  not  iight  against  the  iJi'tdi ;  says  also  that  an  liidinn 
on  the  preceding  evening  before  our  people  b\  ^  -ked  them,  had  bi..ught  news  from  the  fort  of  the 
Esopus  Indians  tliat  many  Dutch,  English  and  Indians  had  gone  from  the  Manhatans  to  the  Fsojins 
and  that  they  should  be  on  their  guard,  for  the  Hackinsack  Indians  hiid  brought  the  news  to  l!ie  fnrt 
of  the  EsHpus  Indians.    Then  Long  Jacob,  the  Chief  who  lived  there  with  the  Indians  denianthd, 

1  Van  Couwenhoven. 


JOtUNAL    on    Tllk   SICCONU    KSOPUS    WAR. 


35 


I 


What  should  they  do  ?  Should  they  fly  toward  their  fort  or  not  1  They  then  concluded  to  rtmain 
tliere,  for  the  Chief  said,  Were  the  Dutch  to  come  to  4he  Fort  and  we  also  were  in  it,  we  should  be 
ull  slauglitered ;  tis  best  for  us  to  remain  here  on  tlie  opposite  shore  ;  the  Dutch  would  not  learn 
much  of  us ;  States  also  further,  that  the  Indian  had  said  that  40  Manissing  Indians  had  arrived  at 
tlii'ir  fort,  and  that  40  more  were  to  come  on  tlie  next  day;  further  says,  that  each  night  .they 
conveyed  the  prisoners  always  to  a  particular  place  without  the  fort  and  remained  themselves 
therein  ;  says  also  that  they  were  resolved  to  make  a  stand  in  their  fort,  and  that  tliey  had,  moreover, 
in  their  fort  9  horses  with  wliich  tliey  draw  palisades,  and  had  sold  a  horse  to  the  Mannissing  Indians  ; 
that  the  Indians  had  also  three  liouses  in  which  they  reside,  these  were  4  hours fartlier  oif ;  says  also, 
that  one  Sachem  in  the  fort  would  advise  them  to  negotiate  peace,  but  the  other  Sachems  would 
not  listen  to  it ;  says  also,  that  the  fort  is  defended  by  three  rows  of  palisades,  an(^  the  houses  in 
the  fort:  encircled  by  thick  cleft  palisades  with  port  holes  in  them,  and  c^ered  with  baik  of  trees  ; 
says  t!mt  tlie  fort  is  quadrangular  but  that  the  Angles  are  constructed  between  the  first  and  second 
mws  of  palisades  and  that  the  tliird  row  of  palisades  stands  full  eight  feet  off  from  the  others 
towards  tlie  interior,  between  the  two  lirst  rows  of  palisades  and  tlie  houses,  and  that  the  fort  stands 
on  the  brow  of  a  hill  and  aU  around  is  table  land. 

Sent  also  for  M'.  Gysbert's  wife'  and  asked  her  if  it  were  so  ?  She  answered,  it  was  true,  and  said 
tliey  had  built  a  point  near  unto  the  water  to  secure  it.  Then  again  examined  the  Wappinger 
)>risoner  and  asked,  why  he  had  aided  the  Esopus  Indians  ?  Said  it  was  not  true  and  that  Iiis  mate 
thr  old  Indian,  had  belied  him.  Asked  him  if  he  would  guide  us  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  ? 
Answered,  Yes  j  and  says  the  Esopus  Indians  are  about  80  warriors  strong,  but  does  not  know  how 
many  have  come  there  belonging  to  other  tribes.  Says  also  that  the  fort  is  defended  with  triple 
iH>ws  of  palisades,  as  the  Squaw  had  stated.  Wliereupon  the  council  of  war  decided,  firstly  to  await 
news  eitlier  from  above  or  below  as  to  what  tlie  Mohawks  had  resolved  respecting  the  prisoners — 
whetiier  they  could  have  them  restored  before  our  troops  should  proceed  against  tlie  Ibrt  to  acliieve 
the  self  same  thing.  On  the  same  day  two  detachments  went  out ;  one  to  scout,  the  other  on  an 
expedition,  but  they  returned  in  the  evening,  having  seen  scarcely  any  thing. 

ll'i  ditto.  50  men  were  out  again  in  the  Avoods  behind  the  new  burnt  village  and  a  scouting 
ixuty,  but  hardly  any  thing  occurred,  nor  was  any  thing  seen 

151''  Jitto.  The  Heer  de  Decker  arrived  here  with  Jan  Davets  and  5  Moliawks  ;  had  them  con- 
tlurted  from  the  river  side  by  50  men  and  10  horsemen.     Nothing  else  transpired. 

IG' I' ditto.  The  Heer  de  Decker  assembled  the  Council  of  War  and  it  was  resolved  that  Jan 
Davets  accompany  the  5  Mohawks  to  the  fort  of  the  Esopus  Indians  to  see  on  what  terms  the  Christian 
prisoners  will  be  restored,  but  after  divers  discourses  Jan  Davets  declined  going  with  them,  although 
(no  licer  de  Decker  hail,  the  day  before,  drawn  up  and  prepared  an  Instruction  lor  him,  but  before 
the  time  appointed  he  refused  to  go.  Meanwhile  it  is  resolved  that  the  Moliawks  should  go 
thither,  and  they  requested  of  us  that  they  might  take  with  them  some  of  our  prisoners  to  present 
them  to  the  Esopus  Indians  as  a  suitable  introduction  to  obtain  some  of  their  prisoners  in  return,  or 
to  induce  them  to  surrender  them.  The  Council  concluded  that  a  Captive  Girl  should  be  given  to 
the  Mi)h«  wks  and  about  63  guilders  in  Sewan  in  order  to  ascertain  what  they  could  accomplish  thereby ; 
ibr  It  was  reported  at  Fort  Orange,  as  the  Heer  de  Decker  informed  us,  that  the  Esopus  Indians  had 
suid— If  they  could  obtain  payment  for  the  land,  named  the  Great  Plot  {het  groote  Stuck,)  then 
they  should  give  up  all  the  prisoners.     Now,  it  is  impossible  to  determine  whether  this  be  so  or 

1  Slic  had  boen  tokon  prisoner  as  before  stated  by  the  Indians  on  the  burning  of  tiie  Village  of  Wildwyck  but  had  effected 
her  fscajic— Ed 


86 


JOIHNAL  OF   THE   SECOND   ESOPIS    WAR. 


not.  Meanwhile,  the  Mohawks  who  were  going  tliither  were  directed  to  inquire  about  it,  and  they 
pronilsetl  ns  to  bring  us  an  answer  the  next  day  about  noon.  Had  3  parties  out  In  the  iiitcrini ;  one 
to  the  shore  to  bring  cattle,  another  for  wood  and  a  third,  scouting.  They  returned  all  at  the  same 
time  ;  experienced  no  difficulty. 

17<i»  ditto.    Tlu-ee  parties  were  out  in  nmbush,  but  saw  nothing. 

18">  ditto.  Six  sloops  arrived  here  from  the  Manhatans  in  which  Juriaen  Blanck  brought  up 
provisions  for  our  tnwps ;  had  them  conveyed  up  under  a  guai'd ;  a  party  was  also  in  the  Held  to 
protect  tliose  reaping  the  Barley  and  a  party  lay  In  Ambush.  Tliey  returned  towards  evening ;  saw 
nothing. 

19«'>  ditto.  Sent  out  40  Soldiers  and  10  Indians  scouting,  they  did  not  meet  any  one.  In  the 
evening  about  7  o'clock,  the  three  Mohawks  returned  from  the  Esopus  Indians.  Tliey  hud  brought 
three  Indians  and  two  Dutch  women  and  2  Children  whom  they  left  about  two  hours  from  Wildwyck ; 
said,  they  had  been  freely  given,  and  had  they  not  been  so  tired,  they  should  have  brought  them  with 
them  to  the  fort ;  said  the  Esopus  Indians  had  abandoned  the  fort,  and  had  retired  to  the  Mountains 
where  they  were  mostly  dispersed  here  &  there  hunting. 

20»*»  ditto.  Sent  Jan  Davets  with  2  Mohawks  to  the  3  Esopus  Indians  who  were  In  the  woods  with 
the  aboveuamed  prisoners,  to  see  If  he  could  get,  and  bring  with  him  the  four  prisoners  from  here, 
and  have  a  talk  with  the  Indians  relative  to  the  other  prisoners  ;  whether  they  will  not  re  "iie  tliese 
to  us  ;  returned  about  noon  with  a  woman  whom  one  of  the  Mohawks  had  fetched ;  but  he,  iilmself, 
had  not  been  with  the  Indians  as  one  of  the  Mohawks  had  been  taken  sick  and  he  was  obliged  to 
remain  with  him.  In  the  afternoon  one  of  the  Mohawks  returned  thither,  he  took  with  him  lialf  a 
loaf  for  the  prisoners  who  remained  wltli  the  above  mentioned  Esopus  Indians.  Being  come  there, 
he  asked  tlie  Esopus  Indians  wliether  they  would  not  entrust  the  3  prisoners  to  him  to  convey 
them  to  the  Dutch  ;  whereupon  tliey  allowed  him  to  take  the  3  prisoners,  wltli  whom  he  arrived 
at  the  fort  about  11  o'clock  at  night,  but  under  promlso  as  tliey  informed  us,  that  they  should 
have  in  return  their  three  prisoners  whom  we  held.  The  prisoners  told  us  that  the  Esopus  Indians 
had  fled  to  a  high  mountain  through  fear  of  the  Dutch,  and  that  they  lay  here  and  there  In  small 
bands,  and  that  the  prisoners  were  also  distributed  and  dispersed  ann)ng  them  here  and  there,  and 
were  not  together  a. id  tliat  they  would  not  trust  them  In  tlieir  fort,  and  tiiat  the  Indians  daily 
threatened  tliem — Should  the  Dutch  come  thither,  we  will  give  you  a  Knock  and  Kill  you  all  at  once. 
Were  thus  a  long  time  In  terror.  Meanwhile  we  had  some  scouting  parties  out,  who  returned  having 
seen  nothing — had  also  a  party  to  cut  barley  ;  came  back  sate. 

21»'  ditto.  •  Three  Sloops  have  come  from  tlie  Manliatans,  with  whlcli  a  supply  of  provisions  for  this 
garrison  has  arrived  In  Rut  Jacobsen's  Yacht.  Sent  three  convoys  to  the  water  side  and  parties  to 
cut  corn  ;  but  tliey  siiw  notliiug.  Sent  for  tlie  5  Mohawks  and  Jan  Davets  acting  as  Interpreter, 
informed  them  what  insults  the  Dutch  of  Esopus  had  from  year  to  year  experienced  and  sutiered 
frtiin  the  Indians,  and  that  they  now  even  this  last  time,  had  murdered  and  carried  oflf  our  people, 
Avlien  we  liad  given  them  no  provocation.  Whereupon  they  answered.  Come,  give  us  a  piece  of 
duffels  ;  we  shall  afterwards  go  with  it  and  see  whetlier  we  shall  not  be  able  to  recover  all  tlie 
jirisoners.  It  was  accordingly  resolved  by  the  Hier  de  Decker  and  Council  of  War,  that  a  piece  of 
duffels  should  be  brought  up  from  the  river  side  and  given  them ;  which  being  done,  they  took  tlie 
piece  of  duffels,  cut  It  Into  three  parts,  and  thus  departed  with  it  about  11  o'clock  In  the  forenoon  ; 
with  them  went  Jan  Davets  with  the  Squaw  and  2  children  who  had  been  captured  by  us  and  were 
released  in  exchange  for  the  2  Dutch  women  and  2  children  whom  the  Indians  had  brought  back. 

22<'  ditto.     A  scouting  party  went  out,  but  saw  nothing. 


JOIIHNAL  OV   THK   SKl'ONP    EBOPIS    WAU. 


81 


23«i  ditto.  A  Party  wont  to  tlio  river  side  to  bring  up  supplies,  and  three,  to  cut  and  draw  grain. 
They  exjieriencetl  no  iiiternipllun. 

21"'  ditto.  Sent  for  all  the  wagons  to  make  a  journey  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up  the  provisions 
wliich  liad  l)een  sent  hitiier  by  tl>e  Executive  government ;  but  only  4  wagons  came.  As  I  required 
ten,  I  excuseil  these  ;  Some  refused  to  work  for  tlie  Company  ;  some  gave  for  answer,  if  another 
will  cart  I  also  shall  cju*t ;  some  said,  my  horsts  are  poor,  I  cannot  cart ;  others  said,  my  horaes  liave 
sow  backs,  and  other  such  frivolous  answers  tliat  I  was  thiis  unable,  tliis  time,  to  bring  up  tlie  Com- 
pany's stores.  WI»ereuiK>n  it  was  resolved  by  tlie  Council  of  War,  tliat  tlie  farmers  should  not  be 
furnishetl  with  any  men  for  their  protection  in  the  fields,  unless  they  would  assist  in  bringing  up  the 
Com)iany's  Supplies  fn»nj  the  water  side.  Nay,  further^ne  Tjerck  Claesen  de  Wit,  himself  a 
magistrate,  would  turn  Lieut.  Stilwirs  Soldiers  out  of  a  small  house  tliey  occupied — he  said,  ho 
had  hired  it,  though  he  had,  notw  itiistauding,  neither  possession  of  nor  procuration  for  it,  I  gave  him 
tor  answer,  that  I  shoiild  remove  them  on  condition  tliat  he,  as  a  magistrate,  would  have  them 
billetteil  in  other  houses  as  tlie  men  could  not  lie  under  the  blue  sky,  and  as  tliey  had  been  sent  here 
by  the  Chief  government  fi>r  tlie  defence  of  the  Settlers.  But  he  made  no  answer  to  this  ;  and  so 
there  are  other  ringleaders  and  refractory  people  in  tl\is  j»luce.  Meanwhile  the  convoy  whiclx  was 
ready  to  conduct  the  provisions,  was  disnilst  each  to  its  own  post  until  further  orders.  At  noon  I  went 
with  a  troop  of  Dutch  and  Indians  to  tlie  New  Village  where  the  Heer  de  Decker  himself  was ;  met  with 
no  interruption.  A  jiarty  was  also  out  with  the  reapers.  In  the  evening  Jan  Davets  and  the  5 
Mohawks  returnetl  from  the  Ksopus  Indians — they  brought  with  them  a  female  prisoner ;  they  would 
not  at  present  release  any  more  prisoners,  evinced  great  fierceness  and  repeatedly  threatened  to  kill 
them,  both  the  Mohawks  and  Jan  Davets — told  them  they  should  not  release  any  more  prisoners 
unless  they  should  secure  peace  thereby,  and  that  Corlaer  and  Sentslaer  should  come  to  their  fort, 
and  bring  p<K)ds  witli  them  to  conclude  peace  and  to  redeem  the  prisoners  ;  said  that  they  must  be 
within  ten  days  in  their  fort  to  conclude  peace  ;  said,  that  they  demanded  a  truce  during  that  time. 
Jan  Davets  also  inlbrmed  us,  that  he  had  seen  but  4  prisoners  in  the  fort,  and  that  the  others  were 
scattereil  far  and  wide  ;  says,  there  are  about  30  warriors  in  the  fort,  and  that  the  others  dwelt 
without  here  and  there  ;  they  also  said  they  were  determined  to  make  a  stand  in  the  fort,  whereupon 
we  have  resolved  to  go  in  search  of  them  on  the  lirst  opportunity. 

25'»>  ditto.  The  7/t'erde  Decker  left  to-day  for  the  Manliatans  in  the  company's  yacht,  taking  with 
him  two  of  the  wounded,  and  Jan  du  Pai-ck,  Surgeon,  and  two  soldiers  to  take  care  of  the  sick ;  two 
sick  Indians  left  also ;  sent  along  with  them  a  convoy  and  9  wagons  to  bring  up  the  remainder  of  the 
goods.  They  returned  and  saw  nothing.  Also  sent  out  two  detachments  with  the  reapers  ;  they  did 
not  remark  any  thing.  Convened  the  Council  of  War  and  it  was  unanimously  resolved  to  send  out 
on  expedition  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  which  should  start  the  next  day,  if  the  weather  were 
favorable. 

2()U>  ditto.  The  following  ti^oops  set  out  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  having  as  a  Guide  a  woman 
who  had  been  prisoner  among  them,  to  wit — of  Captain  Lieutenant  Cregier's  Company,  91  men  ; 
of  Lieutenant  Stllwil's,  30  men  ;  Lieutenuut  Couweuhoveu  with  41  Indians;'  volunteers  from  the 
Manhatans,  6;  volunteers  from  the  Esopus,  35  nun,  of  whom  11  were  horsemen,  and  7  of  the 
Honi*''  Company's  negroes,  with  two  pieces  of  cannon  and  two  wagons,  the  whole  party  provided 
each  with  one  pound  of  powder  and  a  pound  of  ball,  2"'»  of  hard  bread  and  J  a  soft  loaf,  Avith  2"'» 
of  i^^rk  and  J  a  Dutch  cheese ;  left  in  garrison  at  Wildwyck  36  soldiers  and  25  freemen.  Marched 
out  about  4  o'clock  in  the  atleruoon,  and  came  in  the  evening  about  two  great  miles  from  Wildwyck, 

1  Thpse  Indians  tvere  of  Long  Island. 


m 


J«(  HMAL   OF    TUk   SKCONU    UiUPlS    WAR. 


when-  w»'  reiuaimtl  tiiitU  the  imxai  rose.  We  then  started  anew,  but  could  not  marcli  more  tlian  a 
lunu;  hiiir  liour  ou  m<«iuut  of  the  cannon  and  wagons,  which  we  could  not  get  tiiroiigh  the  woods 
at  night.     We  thvu  bivouacked  until  day  l>reak. 

27«'»  ditto.  We  got  on  the  right  road  when  day  dawned  aud  continued  our  march.  On  the  way 
we  passed  over  much  stouey  land  and  liills,  and  had  to  tarry  at  tlie  swampy,  long,  broken  and  even 
frequent  kills  wliere  we  halted  anvl  must  cut  trees  to  make  bridges  to  pa.s8  over,  and  *!iu  r^  moun- 
tains were  so  steep  that  we  were  obliged  to  liaul  the  wagons  and  cannon  uj)  and  down  wi'h  ropes. 
Thus  our  progress  was  slow.  When  ul>out  two  miles  I'nim  the  Indian  fort,  sent  Ibrward  Cupt. 
Lieutenant  Couweuhoven,  Lieutentuit  Stihvil  and  Ensign  Clu'lstiaeu  Niessen,  with  IIG  men  tu  Mirprise 
it.  I  followed,  meanwhile,  with  tlie  icmtunder  of  tlie  force,  tlie  guns  and  wagons,  l>ut  on  «-oming 
within  a  short  mile  of  the  fort,  tbund  the  way  so  impassable  that  I  was  uiuler  tlie  necessity  of 
leaving  the  cannon,  as  I  could  not  get  it  farther.  I  left  40  men  tliere  and  gave  tliem  orders  to  Ibrtify 
themselves  and  set  palisades  aroiiud,  wldch  they  did,  and  I  lullowetl  tlie  preceding  troop  with  tlie 
remainder  towanls  the  Indiim  fort.  Uu  arriving  there,  found  our  ])eople  iu  possession  of  if,  as  it 
liad  been  abandoned  by  the  Indians  two  days  before.  Our  Indians  had  caught  a  Squaw  in  tlie  (!oni- 
fleld,  whitlier  she  was  coming  to  cut  maize.  Now  the  evening  falling,  for  it  was  al)out  <i  o'clock 
when  we  came  to  the  lort,  we  passed  the  night  there,  having  loiind  3  liorsesat  tlieir  fort. 

28'>>  ditto.  Tlie  Council  of  War  assiMubled  at  tlie  breaking  of  tlie  day  and  unauimouiiiy  ititolveu 
to  go  in  search  of  the  Indians  to  the  mountain  where  the  above  mentioned  female  had  oeeu  a  prisHHier 
and  to  take  the  capturetl  S»juaw  along.  Whereupon  Lieutenant  Couweuhoven  and  Lieutenuut 
Stilwil  and  Ensign  Niiiisen  were  detached  with  140  men,  and  remained  iu  tlie  fort  with  about  29 
men.  The  above  nameii  troops  then  set  forth  towards  the  mountain  and  arrived  where  the  Indians 
had  been  they  had  lett  that  place  also.  The  captured  Squaw  being  asked  if  she  ilid  not  know  where 
the  Indians  had  fled  to,  said  they  were  on  a  great,  high  mountain,  which  she  pointed  out  to  them, 
distant  about  2  miles,  whither  they  hrnl  fled  with  the  seven  prisoners  they  had  with  them  ;  where- 
upon the  oificers  resolved  to  go  to  the  other  mountain  in  search  of  them,  which  tliey  afterwards  did 
with  their  troops,  after  exiwriencing  vas*  'liihculty,  but  luiind  no  Indians  there.  The  Squaw  being 
again  questioned  whether  she  did  not  Kaow  where  they  were  ?  said  they  had  moved  to  another 
mountain,  which  she  |>oiute<]  uut,  about  !  miles  from  there,  but  there  was  no  path  thither.  Being 
on  the  brow  of  the  hill  our  peoj  It  saw  9  IiKliaiis  coming  towards  them,  whereupon  they  fell  flat, 
intending  thus  to  surprise  the  /ndians  on  their  ai>proacli,  but  they  did  not  succeed,  our  peojjle  being 
noticed  at  a  distance  of  about  2  musket  shots.  Eight  of  them  ran  otf  in  an  obli(|ue  direction,  and 
the  Linth  attempted  to  rim  back  to  the  place  whence  they  had  come.  As  our  Ibrce  was  discovered 
.  all  sides,  and  even  our  Indians  said  that  no  savages  could  be  caught  at  tliis  time  as  they  were 
•  w  here  fully  informed  of  us,  it  was  resolved  to  return  to  the  fort,  where  they  arrived  about  one 
ck.  After  they  had  taken  some  rest,  I  convened  the  Council  of  War  to  determine  what  was  now 
btst  to  be  done.  They  unanimously  resolved  to  cut  down  their  corn  aud  bui'U  it,  together  with  last 
year's  maize,  which  they  still  hail  in  pits  iu  great  abundance  in  their  corn-flelds  and  ai-ound  their 
Ibrt.  Whereupon  I  went  out  of  their  fort  with  50  men  to  a  distance  of  a  full  half  mile  ;  there  cut 
down  several  plantations  of  maize,  threw  into  the  fire  divers  pits  full  of  maize  aud  beans,  returned  to 
the  fort  at  sun-down  and  saw  that  divers  Indians  aud  horsemen  found  some  pits  with  plunder  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  tort,  which  they  brought  in.  Meanwhile  I  had  the  whole  party  called  together, 
aud  told  them  that  all  the  plimder  that  was  or  should  be  found  was  to  be  in  common,  and  was  so 
understood  by  the  Council  of  War  before  we  started  from  our  fort.  Whereupon  one  of  the  horsemen 
stepped  out  ol"  the  troop  and  said  to  me.  What  we've  found  we'll  keep  and  divide  among  us  horsemen. 


Jot  «x\i.  or  Tiir.  iiF.rori»  fbopis  wah. 


80 


'  « 


them,  .YOU  must  not  do  ttiat 
th<>ra  iu  rt'turii,  to  gi>  houi- 
They  then  retortnl,  I  migli     . 
though  tliey  should  han«  for  ' 
Conimissaries  that  one  of  theiu 


To  wlilrh  !  Mid,  thut  thoy  jthould  not  do  thnt,  for  they  were  under  command.  Wliorenpon  the 
horsemnn,  nametl  J«n  llemlriokwn,  nnswereil — They  are  under  the  coninmnd  of  no  man  but  Long 
Peter,  wImuu  they,  |ors<H^th  !  rolhtl  their  Cornet,  ami  uttered  divers  unmannerly  words  In  presence 
of  all  f'le  ofTicers.  UiH>n  which  I  pave  him  2  or  3  slaps  of  a  swoni,  and  he  seemed  as  If  he  would 
put  liiiiiseir  in  a  |Hvstuit>  against  nu-.  Rut  I  being  close  up  to  his  bo<ly  he  could  not  act  as  he  wished, 
and  I  said  to  him  that  I  should  briuf^  him  to  an  account.  Tiiis  said  Jan  Hendricksen,  with  one 
All>ert  I  ley  mans  Uot><«e,  acte«l  Insolently  on  the  7'»>  July.  Wiiilst  we  were  examining  the  two 
Wappinger  Indians,  In  the  pr«\<enre  of  the  Sellout  aiul  Commissaries,  in  Tiiomas  Chambers'  nwni  a 
messenger  came  iu  and  said  that  two  or  three  boors  were  without  tiie  door  with  loadeti  guns  to  slioot 
the  Intlians  when  they  came  forth.  Whereupon  I  stood  up  and  went  to  the  door — found  this  Albert 
Heymans  Roose  aud  Jan  Hondrickseu  at  the  door  with  their  giuis.  Asked  them  v 'tt  they  wei'e 
doing  therewith  their  suns?     They  gave  lue  for  answer,  We  will  shoot  tlie  In  !  "H,     I  said  to 

which  they  replied,  We  will  do  it  though  yo  «  ).h\m\  hy.  I  told 
ud  knep  quiet  or  I  should  send  sucli  disturb* .,?;  to  the  Manhatans. 
hat  I  pleased,  they  would  shoot  the  Savages  to  the  ground,  even 
'  so  I  left  tliem.  TIds  Albert  coming  into  Iw  Council  fold  the 
.lOUKl  .step  out.  What  his  intention  with  him  was  I  can't  say.  This 
by  way  of  memorandum.     Me.'»nwhile  arrested  Jan  Hendricksen. 

29**^  ditto.  F\mr  parties  went  out  again  to  cut  down  the  corn  and  to  burn  the  old  maize.  About 
o'clock  in  the  al>ernoon,  Some  Indians  made  their  appearance  on  a  high  hill  near  tlte  fort  and 
calletl  out  to  us,  that  they  wouKl  come  and  fight  us  on  the  morrow  whereu[)on  we  brought  the  captive 
Squaw  out  of  the  fort  to  s]H<ak  to  t!iem,  and  they  called  out  to  her  that  they  should  now  come  and  fight 
the  Dutch,  tor  the  Dutch  had  now  come  and  taken  their  fort,  cut  their  corn  and  burnt  all  their  old 
maize  and  that  they  should  die  of  hunger.  I  said  to  them,  the  Dutch  had  gone  in  search  of  you 
to  the  moxintain  but  ye  always  ran  away  and  dare  not  make  a  stand.  But  tlie  Indians  would  not 
give  any  answer,  and  *>  went  away. 

30*''  ditto.  We,  in  two  large  parties,  each  of  80  men,  cut  down  all  the  corn  and  burnt  the  old 
maize  wliich  remained  in  the  pits.  Returned  to  tlie  tort,  all  together,  in  the  evening,  and  made 
prei^rations  to  set  out  in  the  morning.  Meanwhile  the  Indians  wlio  tlie  day  before  had  called  out 
that  they  would  come  &  fight  us,  did  not  make  their  appearance.  We  cut  down  nearly  one  hundred 
roorgens'  i>f  Maiieaml  burutalxiveahundixHl  pits  full  of  corn  and  l)eaiis. 

31««  ditto.  In  tl»r  nH^ming  at  the  <lawn  of  day  set  tire  to  the  fort  and  all  the  houses,  and  while 
they  were  in  full  blaze  marched  out  in  goixl  order,  Capt  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  forming  the  van 
guard,  Lieutemuit  Stilwil's  Comjvuiy  the  centre,  and  I  witli  my  company  the  rear  guard.  So  arrlveil 
in  safety  at  our  lort  aKntt  9  o'clock  in  the  evening  with  our  cannon  and  wagons.  Remarked 
scarcely  anything  on  tlie  way.  The  it>ad  or  course  from  Wildwyck  to  tlie  fort  of  the  Esopus 
Indians  lies  m«.>stly  smith  west,  about  10  [Dutch)  miles  from  our  fort. 

1»*  August.  In  tlie  morning  heanl  two  shots  from  the  Redoubt  on  the  river  side.  Sent  off  Ensign 
Christiaen  Niesseu  with  50  men.  He  found  there  the  Hon^ie  Company's  yacht  in  which  the  Heer 
Secretary  van  Kuyveu  Itad  ci>me.  Had  liim  escorted  to  the  Village  of  Wildwyck,  and  did  nothing 
more  as  it  was  a  day  of  Fasting  and  Prayer. 

8<i  ditto.     Nothing  i>ccurretl  as  it  raineil  during  the  whole  day  and  night. 

3<i  ditto.  Tlie  Hftr  Secretary  departed  on  his  return  to  the  Manhatans,  accompanied  by 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  the  Imlians  being  41  in  the  whole,  who  would  not  remain  any  longer  ; 

I  Abont  21 S  Acre»— Ed. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


.V 


^ 


:^ 


1.0 


I.I 


Ui  Uii   12.2 
1*0    12.0 


U£ 


m  1 1.4 1 1.6 

i' 

^ 

6"    

► 

,v^'% 


Photograiiric 

Sdences 

Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WiBSTE9,N.Y.  MSSO 

(716)S72-4503 


4P> 


1 


JOI'RNAL  OF  THE  aECOND   ESOPUH   WAX. 


also  5  of  the  Hon<>'*  Company's  Negroes.  Through  great  intercession  and  promise  of  better  behavior 
in  fature,  the  Council  of  war  pardoned  Jan  Hendrioltsen  the  faults  committed  by  him  and  he  is 
released  ttom  confinement.  Meanwhile  I  had  two  parties  in  the  field  with  the  reapers  and  one  in 
Ambush.  They  saw  nothing  and  returned  in  the  evening.  I  this  day  sold,  by  public  beat  of  drum, 
the  three  horses  which  we  had  brought  with  us  from  the  Indians'  fort. 

4»i  ditto.  A  Mohegan  Indian  came  from  fort  Orange  ;  he  had  a  pass  from  Monsieur  Montagnie ; 
brought  two  letters,  one  to  M'  Gysbert  and  one  to  Hendrick  Joohems ;  there  was  hardly  any  news 
in  them  except  that  they  were  longing  to  receive  some  intelligence  relative  to  the  condition  of  the 
Esopus.  Convened  the  Council  of  war  and  invited  thereto  the  Commissaries  of  tlie  village  WUdvoyck, 
and  made  tliis  Ordinance  and  read  it  to  the  people,  both  f^men  and  military,  and  had  a  copy 
affixed  to  each  Beat  or  Post.    It  is,  word  for  word,  as  foUows  : — 

"  Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  the  valiant  CouncU  of  war  at 
present  commanding  the  troops  and  Military  in  the  Esopus  or  WUdvoyck. 

"  Whereas  we  learn  by  daily  experience  that  many,  as  well  military  as  fireemen,  are  removing 
from  the  Village  WUdvoyck,  without  tlie  consent  of  the  Capt  Lieutenant  and  Commissaries  of  this 
Tillage,  Therefore  it  is  necessary  that  timely  provision  be  made  therefor,  so  that  none  may  at  any 
time  fiill  into  the  hands  of  the  barbarous  Indians,  our  enemies  ;  And  that  families  every  day  uime- 
cessarily  waste  and  fire  off  powder  and  ball.  Therefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council 
of  war,  wisliing  to  provide  for  and  prevent  all  inconveniences  and  miscldefs  wliich  may  arise  there- 
firom,  have  ordered  and  directed,  as  they  do  hereby  order  and  direct.  ,u:^  )h,  ~ 


"  Firstly,  That  no  one,  whether  military  or  freeman  shall,  without  the  consent  of  the  Captain 
Lieutenant,  Council  of  war  and  Commissaries  of  this  place,  depart  from  this  Village  of  WUdvoyck, 
either  in  large  or  small  bodies,  whether  to  cut  grain  or  for  any  other  business  whatsoever  it  may  be, 
lest  any  of  them  may  chance  to  fall  into  the  hands  of  the  barbarous  Indians,  our  enemies  ;  and  if  any 
one  remove  beyond  this  village  of  WUdxoyck  without  consent  or  proper  convoy,  whatever  the 
business  or  occasion  may  be,  he  sludl  pay  a  fine  of  five  and  twenty  guilders  for  the  first  offence ;  for 
the  second  fifty  guilders  and  for  the  third  offence  an  arbitrary  punishment ;  A.nd  should  any  one, 
in  violating  and  disobeying  this  order,  happen  to  be  captured  by  the  Indians,  our  enemies,  no 
expence  or  trouble  shall  \»  incurred  for  liim,  inasmuch  as  he,  by  his  perverse  and  stiffheciced  course, 
contrary  to  tliis  Ordinance,  will  have  brought  down  this  misfortune  on  himself. 

._       2. 

« If  any  one  unnecessarily  &  perversely  waste  or  fire  off  his  powder  and  ball,  be  it  on  the  departure 
or  arrival  of  convoys  or  otherwise,  he  shall,  for  the  first  offence,  pay  a  fine  of  three  guilders  for  each 
shot ;  for  the  second  offence  six  guilders  and  for  the  third  offence  suffer  arbitrary  punishment,  unless 
when  desirous  to  discharge  his  gun,  being  out  of  order  or  wet,  he  shall  ask  permission  therefor  from 
his  superior  or  inferior  officer.  And  for  the  I)etter  observance  and  obedience  of  tliis  ordinance, 
the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  hereby  particularly  and  imperatively  command  all 
Superior  officers,  Seijeants,  and  Corporals  to  pay  strict  attention  that  this  Ordinance  be  observed 
and  respected.  Thos  done  in  the  village  of  WUdwyck  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant,  Council  of  War 
and  the  proper  Commissaries  of  said  village,  on  the  4th  of  August  1663." 

Same  date  a  letter  is  also  sent  by  the  Mohegan  Indians  to  Christoffel  Davids  at  fort  Orange 


»| 


■  -.  ■nwumw-ikiij'aiwrii^jrifaa 


JOURNAL  or  THE  •ECOND   KSOPVS  WA».  fv 

requesting  him  to  be  pleased  to  come  down  to  tiie  Esopus  on  important  business  which  we  should  then 
erplain  and  communicate  to  him. 

5ti>  ditto.  Thomas  the  Irishman  arrived  here  at  the  Redoubt  fVom  the  Manhatans.  Meanwhile 
nothing  was  done  as  it  was  Sunday,  and  no  detachments  were  sent  out. 

6U>  ditto.  Sent  a  party  of  32  men  to  lie  in  ambush,  and  two  detaclunents  with  the  reaoers.  They 
returned  in  the  evening  J  perceived  nothing.  > .    ..  .,>,r«w^ 

7tt>  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  sent  out  with  the  reapers  ;  returned  in  the  evening  without 
having  seen  anything. 

8U>  ditto.  Sent  out  Ensign  Niessen  with  a  detachment  to  lie  in  ambush  behind  the  New  Village 
which  was  burnt,  and  observe  the  Indians.  Also  two  parties  with  the  reapers.  They  came  back 
in  the  evening  without  having  noticed  anything. 

9'i>  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  again  sent  out ;  two  in  the  field  with  the  reapers  and  one  in 
ambush.     They  returned  towards  evening  having  perceived  notliing.     '■        '^      ...     ;  , 

10t>>  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments ;  one  in  tlie  field  with  the  reapers,  the  other  in  ambush 
behind  the  recently  burnt  village,  under  the  Command  of  Ensign  Niessen.  They  came  in  towards 
evening  without  having  observed  anytliing.  Some  yachts  also  touclied  at  the  Redoubt  bringing 
letters  from  tlie  Manhatans  wliich  they  left  at  the  Redoubt  and  tlien  sailed  upwards  for  fort  Orange. 

llti>  ditto.  Received  this  morning  tlie  letters  which  the  Yachts  left  at  the  Redoubt;  had  two 
parties  in  the  field  with  the  reapers ;  they  returned  in  the  evening  without  having  seen  anytliing. 

12u>  ditto.  Sunday.  Nothing  occured  except  sending  two  convoys  to  the  Redoubt  to  relieve  the 
men  wlio  lay  there  and  to  bring  up  some  stores  with  M'.  Gysbert's  wife  coming  tmta  fort  Orange  who 
brings  news  that  the  Northern  Indians  had  killed  some  Mohawks  and  a  Mohegan,  whereupon  the 
Mohegans  have  obtained  tlie  consent  of  the  Mohawks  to  build  a  fort.    Nothing  else  occurred  here. 

13i>  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments  with  tlie  reapers  and  one  to  lie  in  ambush.  They  returned 
in  the  evening  ;  saw  nothing.  On  tlie  same  day  is  made  &  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and 
the  valiant  Council  of  Wai-  the  following  Ordinance  for  the  maintenance  as  far  as  possible  of  better 
order,  and  the  observance  and  enforcement  of  discipline  among  the  Military,  and  read  the  same  before 
the  Military  and  freemen  and  affixed  it  at  each  post.    It  is  woi-d  for  word  as  follows  : — 

"Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  the  vaiittnt  Coundt  of  War 
commanding  the  Military  in  the  Esopus  and  Village  of  WUdwyck.  \ii.<r^,- 

"  Whereas  some  in  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  who  follow  the  trade  of  selling  strong  drink  to  the 
military  suffer  some  of  them  to  get  drunk  not  only  on  week  days  but  especially  on  the  Lord's  Rest 
and  Sabbath  day,  unfitting  them  for  their  proper  duties,  &  more  especially  creating  conAision  and 
disorderly  conduct ;  the  Hon<>i«  Company's  Servants  not  hesitating  to  sell,  pawn  and  pledge  their 
own  necessaries  for  strong  drink  to  the  traders  in  intoxicating  liquors ;  the  traders  also  receiving 
the  same  ;  yea,  even  not  hesitating  to  give  them  more  credit  and  trust  whether  they  have  any  thing 
to  the  good  or  not.  Therefore  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  desirous  to  prevent 
as  much  as  possible  all  disorders  and  mischiefi,  have  therefore  ordained  and  directed  as  they 
liereby  direct  and  ordain  : — 

■  -  ^  •_,    '•     ^  '  .(- :  1  -     '  ■  -  •,.■■  -i  ■■-'::    *  .■■-,■  ;v  ^;^' 

1. 

"That  none  of  the  military,  he  his  rank  whatever  it  may  be,  presume  to  sell  or  to  pawn  for  any 
strong  drink  any  of  the  stores  advanced  to  him  by  the  Hon*>>*  Company  on  his  monthly  wages,  for  his 
needs  and  support,  under  a  fine  of  one  month's  wages.  ..    i-.-  ••-  - 


rr  i: 


•<"/ 


Vol.  it. 


JOVaNAI.   or  THI   SECOND   RMPUH   WAR. 


•V 


"  No  one,  whether  military  or  fi«einaa,  following  the  business  of  seUing  strong  drink,  shall  presume 
to  take  in  pledge  or  endeavor  to  embezzle  any  property  belonging  to  the  military  in  exchange  Ibr 
strong  drink,  under  the  forfeiture  of  the  tapped  drink  and  to  return  to  the  owner  free  of  cost  and 
charges  the  received  property  and  pay  in  addition  a  fine  of  twelve  guilders  as  often  as  he  is  discov- 
ered so  doing. 


"  All  those  who  follow  the  trade  of  seUing  strong  drink  are  further  warned  not  to  sell  nor  f\u-nisli 
any  strong  drink  on  the  Lord's  Rest  and  Sabbath  day  much  less  entertain  any  clubs,  whether 
before  or  after  the  sermon  on  pain  of  forfeiting  the  strong  drink  tapped  on  that  occasion,  and  in 
addition  a  fine  of  five  and  twen^  guilders  as  often  as  they  shall  be  caught  in  the  act. 


■i<. 


4. 


"  Those  who  sell  strong  drink  are  also  ftuther  warned  they  take  heed  not  to  sell  any  to  the 
military  either  on  credit  or  on  account,  be  it  in  what  manner  it  may  be,  on  pain  of  not  being  paid 
therefor,  unless  on  order  of  his  superior  officer.  Thus  done  by  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant 
Coiucil  of  War  in  the  Village  Wildwyck,  this  13th  August  1663." 

14'>>  ditto.  Sent  out  fifty  reapers  to  the  burnt  village,  called  the  Great  Plot,  and  sent  with  them 
about  thirty  wagons  and  Ensign  Neissen  with  a  convoy  of  Eighty  men  ;  gave  him  orders  to  remain  there 
all  night  with  the  reapers  and  binders,  and  the  nu^or  part  of  the  wagons  and  forty  men  per  convoy. 
The  remaining  forty  men  returned  to  Wildwyck,  and  said  Ensign  with  aoout  one  hundred  and 
twenty  men,  as  well  reapers  and  binders  as  convoys,  passed  the  night  at  the  Great  Plot  because  it  was 
80  distant,  and  they  could  not  make  up  more  than  one  sheaf  for  they  could  not  begin  the  work  us 
fresh  as  they  wished.  Brought  the  grain  to  Wildioyck  as  soon  as  it  was  cut  down.  Kept  six  pai-ties 
by  the  way  in  ambush  to  protect  the  said  wagons.    However  nothing  occured  on  this  day. 

15">  ditto.  Brought  more  grain  from  tlie  burnt  Village  wherefore  I  kept  two  parties  in  ambusli 
and  one  with  the  reapers  and  two  on  the  road  for  the  protection  of  the  wagons  which  went  through 
and  fro.    Returned  in  the  evening  altogether ;  observed  nothing. 

16t>>  ditto.  Two  parties  are  again  sent  out  to  the  field  with  the  reapers ;  came  back  in  the 
evening  without  having  seen  anything. 

17">.  Two  parties  were  again  sent  into  the  field  with  the  reapers.  Returned  in  the  evening 
without  seeing  anything.  The  Heer  Decker  arrived  liere  at  the  Redoubt  fk>m  fort  Orange  ;  had  him 
escorted  to  the  Village  Wildwyck,  but  he  did  not  tarry  here  long  as  his  Honor  was  in  a  hurry  to 
depart  again.  Had  the  said  Heer  de  Decker  escorted  back  to  the  river  side  and  then  he  returned  to 
the  Manhatans.  Notliing  occurred  this  day.  Gave  three  Englishmen  leave  to  go  to  and  return 
from  the  Manhatans.    They  belong  to  Lieutenant  Stllwil's  Company. 

18<'>  ditto.  Had  three  detachments  again  in  the  field  with  the  reapers ;  they  returned  in  the 
evening ;  saw  nothing.  The  Council  of  War  resolved  and  concludet'  to  send  a  party  three  miles 
from  Wildwyck  to  some  plantations  of  Esopus  Indians  planted  wi  aize ;  whereupon  Ensign 
Niessen  was  sent  thitlier  with  fifly-five  men.  Tliey  went  ftwth  from  iwyck  about  ten  o'clock  at 
night,  and  had  a  Dutchman  named  Jacob  Jansen  Stoutenboi^h  for  a  guide. 

19«i>  ditto.  Was  this  morning  with  fifty  men  and  sixteen  wagons  to  the  burnt  Village  fo  t'<  toii 
groin  ;  came  back  to  Wildwyck  about  eight  o'clock.  Did  not  see  anything.  About  noon  Ensign 
Niessen  returned  with  his  troop  from  the  Indian  maize  land.  Neitlier  saw  nor  notice<l  any  Indians. 
About  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Christolfel  Davids  came  from  the  Manhatans  in  a  canoe. 


:,  shall  presume 
in  exchange  Ibr 
free  of  cost  and 
as  he  is  disco v - 


\'i 


I'^ir 


sell  nor  flirnisli 
clubs,  whetlifr 
occasion,  and  ia 


sell  any  to  the 
not  being  paid 
int  and  Valiant 

sent  with  them 
to  remain  there 
sn  per  convoy, 
e  hundred  and 
because  it  was 
in  the  worlc  as 
ept  six  pai-ties 

day. 
ties  in  ambush 

went  through 

back  in  the 

n  the  evening 
Dge ;  had  liim 
n  a  hurry  to 
e  returned  to 
to  and  return 

umed  In  tlie 
ty  three  miles 
upon  Ensign 
ten  o'clock  at 


to  i'l^tch 

noon  Ensign 

any  Indians. 

in  a  canoe. 


Joua^AL  or  tub  aBOOiiD  bwpus  wab. 


48 


Brought  with  him  a  letter  from  the  Hitr  Oraeral,  dated  14*^  August,  brought  a.8o  a  letter  fh>m 
Pieter  Couwenhoven  who  lay  with  the  Sloop  in  llie  Damkamer.  >  The  letter  was  dated  17^  August, 
and  addressed  to  me.  Its  contents  were.  That  I  should  be  on  my  guard  for  he  was  advised  that  the 
Esopus  Indians  togetlier  with  the  Manissings  and  Wappiugers  were  prepared  to  attack  and  surprize 
uur  fort  in  about  two  days  with  four  hundred  men,  and  that  they  also  daily  threatened  him  in  an 
insufferable  manner ;  he  daily  expected  the  arrival  of  the  Sachem  who  had  akeady  been  four  days 
gone  about  the  captured  Christians  to  learn  what  be  should  then  do  and  what  should  be  the  issue  of 
it.  But  he  had  not  received  any  intelligence  in  all  that  time.  He  also  writes — That  the  Indians 
who  lay  tliereabout  on  the  river  side  made  a  great  uproar  every  night,  firing  guns  and  kintekayingf* 
so  that  the  woods  rang  again ;  and  he  hoped  to  be  with  me  in  two  days. — His  letter  contains 
divers  other  circumstances.  Christoffel  Davids  informs  us,  that  he  slept  one  night  with  the  Indians 
in  their  wigwams  — that  some  Esopus  Indians  and  Sachems  were  there  who  had  four  Christian 
captives  with  thera,  one  of  whom,  a  female  captive,  had  secretly  told  him,  Davids,  that  forty  Esopus 
Indians  had  already  been  near  our  fort  to  observe  the  reapers  and  the  other  people.  Whereupon 
the  Council  of  war  resolved  to  send  for  the  Sheriff,  who  being  come,  an  order  was  handed  him 
directing  him  to  warn  all  the  Inhabitants  not  to  go  from  the  tort  into  the  fields  without  a  suitable 
escort,  as  directed  in  the  preceding  Ordinance  of  the  4f>  August.  Said  Christoffel  Davids  adso 
informed  us, — that  the  Indians  had  on  shore  several  bowls  and  gourds  with  brandy,  which  they 
obtained  daily  from  the  Sloops,  as  the  Indians  had  informed  him  they  could  get  as  much  as  they 
required  and  whatever  powder  and  lead  they  wanted.  Now,  we  cannot  determme  what  this  may 
amount  to,  but  this  I  understand  that  the  woman  who  is  on  board  the  sloop  with  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven  brought  four  ankers  of  brandy  with  her  from  the  Manhatans,  but  none  of  it  came 
ashore  here. 

20'i>  ditto.  Lietenant  Couwenhoven  arrived  with  the  yacht  at  the  Redoubt ;  brings  a  Christian 
woman  and  boy  with  him  ;  says  he  gave  about  Eighty  guilders  for  the  youth,  and  promised  to 
give  our  captive  Squaw  for  the  woman.  Left  ninety  guilders  in  pledge  for  her ;  the  Council  of  War 
disapproved  of  his  having  promised  the  Squaw  in  exchange  as  such  was  not  contained  in  the 
Director  General  and  Council's  Instruction  to  him.  Says,  the  Indians  promised  him  to  bring  in 
within  two  days,  all  the  prisoners  they  had,  and  that  he  should  return  with  her  to  them  within  that 
time.  Says  also,  that  two  Mohawks  coming  from  fort  Orange  in  a  canoe  passed  his  yacht  in  the 
Wappingers  Kill.  They  had  full  four  hundred  pounds  of  lead  and  over  three  hundred  pounds  of 
powder  in  the  canoe.  He  would  have  them  on  board  but  they  would  not ;  so  they  passed  by.  The 
Dutch  woman,  who  had  been  taken  prisoner,  was  brought  to  bed  of  a  young  daughter  on  entering 
the  Esopus  Kill.  Nothing  occurred  during  the  day  as  it  rained  almost  incessantly,  and  the  farmers 
could  not  go  out  in  the  fields  to  reap  or  to  bring  in  the  grain. 

21*t  ditto.  The  Council  of  War  resolved  to  send  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  down  again  with  the 
Sloop.  I  victualled  the  yacht  and  gave  him  five  Soldiers  additional  for  his  defence ;  also  resolved  to 
give  him  the  two  Indians  and  the  Squaw  which  we  bad  prisoners,  but  he  is  not  to  leave  them  out 

1  Six  miles  north  of  Newbnrgh,  Orange  CO.    Ed. 

2  The  Delaware  word,  Gtenfkch'n,  to  danee,  seems  to  be  engrafted  here  into  the  Dutch  language.  The  term  is  also  to  be 
found  in  Van  der  Donck's  Beichryvingt  van  Ifituio  Ntdtrlandt,  where  speaking  of  the  amusements  of  the  Indians,  he  says — 
"  The  old  and  middle  aged  conclnde  with  smoking  and  the  young  with  a  Kintteaw."  N.  Y.  Hist.  Coll.,  2d  Ser.  i.  204. 
Again  in  the  Brttden  Ratdt  we  read,  "  The  first  of  these  Savages  having  received  a  fVightfbl  wound,  desired  them  to  permit 

him  to  dance  what  Is  called  the  Kinte  Kaeye,  a  religious  custom  observed  among  them  before  death He  then 

ordered  him  to  be  taken  ont  of  the  fort  and  the  Soldiers  bringing  him  to  the  Beavers  path  (he  dancing  the  Kinte  Kaeye  all 
the  time).    Ed. 


sfcsii..,.,ai, 


W9  iOVKNAL  or  THB  ICCOIID  SMPUa   WAB. 

of  his  hands  before  we  have  our  prisoners  back.    Furnished  him  also  with  an  Instruction  as  to  how 
he  should  aot  therein.    It  reads,  word  for  word  ai  follows : — 

"  iMSTavcTiOM  for  LittUttumt  Pititr  Couwenhoven. 

"  WuERCAs  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  sent  bj  the  Honi>>*  Director  General  k,  Council  to  release 
the  Christians  captured  by  the  Esopus  Indians,  lay  several  days  near  the  Wappinger  Indians  wiio  acted 
as  mediators  in  the  affair,  and  as  yet  could  not  effect  much  except  releasing  one  child  and  a  woman 
fur  which  woman  he  promised  to  exchange  the  Squaw  who  had  l>eeu  captured  by  us,  ou  condition  that 
they  should  tlien  bring  all  the  Christian  Captives  to  the  river  side  and  release  them  ;  and  also  pniniised 
the  Wappinger  Indians  to  take  down  with  him  the  two  Indians  whom  we  captured.  The  Council 
of  War,  therefore,  resolved,  and  concluded  to  surrender  the  two  Indians  &  the  Squaw,  but  on  certain 
conditions  and  also  by  express  order  of  the  Uter  Director  General  and  Council,  according  to  instruction 
accompanying  the  same,  that  no  prisoners  should  go,  or  be  released,  unless  we  first  had  all  our 
Christians,  prisoners,  out  of  their  hands. 


1. 


..(  .■;.! 


"Therefore,  the  said  Council  of  War  recommend  and  order  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  not  to 
surrender  nor  give  up  any  Indian  or  Squaw  unless  our  Christian  Captives  be  first  released  and 
exchanged  and  placed  in  our  hands,  but  he  is  at  liberty  to  promise  the  Indians,  if  they  discharge  all 
our  prisoners  and  restore  them  to  us,  that  they  shall  then  again  have  and  regain  their  prisoners,  either 
in  exchange  or  in  some  other  manner  as  shall  then  be  agreed  to  and  arranged. 


«  Should  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  see  no  probability  of  obtaining  back,  receiving  or  releasing  our 
captives,  and  tlie  Indians  be  obstinately  opposed  to  tlie  discharge  or  release  thereof  he  may  watch 
his  time  and  opportunity  to  seize  as  many  Esopus  Indians  as  possible,  either  on  land  or  by  inducing 
them  with  fair>vords  to  go  on  board,  according  as  opportunities  shall  then  offer ;  or  if  many  Esopus 
Indians  should  come  tliither  with  the  Christian  Captives  and  refuse  to  surrender  or  give  these  up, 
he  shall  then  endeavor  to  detain  them  on  shore,  whether  by  means  of  intoxicating  liquors  or  by  any 
other  means  he  shall  at  the  time  Judge  most  expedient,  and  then  advise  us  immediately  thereof  by  a 
yacht  that  may  come  tiiere,  in  order  that  we  may  regulate  ourselves  accordingly  as  much  as  lies  in 
our  power  so  as  to  surprize  and  seize  them.    Domk,  Wildwyck,  tlie  21*t  August  1663." 

Escorted  said  Couwenlioven  to  the  Redoubt  on  the  river's  side  and  he  sailed  again  to  the  Wappin- 
gers  in  the  yacht.  A  party  was  also  in  tlie  field  with  tlie  boors  ;  they  returned  home  without  seeing 
anything. 

22"^  ditto.  Sent  out  one  escort  with  the  reapers  and  two  parties  to  lie  in  ambush,  but  it  com- 
menced rrining  about  noon  and  they  came  in.  The  rain  came  down  in  such  torrents  that  tlie  boors 
were  obliged  to  take  up  the  Bridge  lest  it  be  carried  away  as  it  was  three  weeks  ago.  It  is  to  be 
feared  that  considerable  grain  will  I)e  destroyed  in  the  field  for  want  of  reapers,  in  consequence  of  the 
great  rain  tliat  has  fallen,  for  a  great  deal  of  grain  lies  under  water  and  the  farmers  on  an  average  have 
not  harvested  above  one  fourth  part  of  it.  Nothing  else  occurred  to  day,  except  that  the  great  rain 
carried  away  several  of  the  paUsades  of  the  fort. 

23<i  ditto.  Sent  an  Order  to  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  and  directed  them  to  have  the  palisades 
of  the  fort  replaced.    It  reads  word  for  word  as  follows : — 


JOVKNAI.   OV   THE   aiKXINU   KBOPITB    WAIl. 


46 


"  The  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  are  hereby  ordered  and  directed  to 
have  replaced  and  repaired  the  palisades  of  this  Fort,  which  were  washed  away  by  the  water,  and 
the  same  is  urgently  required.    Done,  Wildwyok  theSS^  August,  1663." 

,,  i-        •  The  Jnswer  of  the  Court  of  the  Village  of  Wildwyck.  'v 

The  Court  of  this  Village  Wildwyck  having  seen  and  read  this,  find  that  it  cannot  be  done  at 
present,  inasmuch  as  the  grain  in  the  field  is  almost  ruined,  and  it  is  necessary  to  draw  it  home  as 
soon  as  possible  with  the  aid  of  all  hands.  Wildwyck,  23<>  August,  1663,  (was  subscrilied)  Roelof 
SwARTwouT.    Lower  stood — By  order  of  the  Worshlpftil  Court  of  tlie  Village  of  Wildwyck,  (signed) 

Mattys  Capito,  Secretary. 

Two  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  with  tlie  reapers  ;  did  not  remark  any  tiling. 

24t>>  ditto.  Sent  out  two  detachments  with  the  reapers  and  one  in  ambush.  They  returned  in  the 
evening,  having  seen  nothing.  Received  a  letter  at  night  trom  Cieutenant  Couwenhoven,  which  he 
had  sent  up  from  the  Wappingers  creek  by  an  Indian,  a  Dutchman  and  two  captive  clu-istian  children 
belonging  to  tlie  wife  of  the  gunner  who  was  on  board  the  sloop  with  said  Couwenhoven  ;  and  as  the 
Indian  told  me  he  had  given  the  captive  Squaw,  whom  we  had  entrusted  to  said  Couwenhoven,  in 
exchange  for  these  two  cliildren,  without  any  hope  of  a  general  redemption  ;  and  that  lie  had  so 
thoughtlessly  and  contrary  to  orders  surrendered  this  Squaw  fur  the  two  children  on  an  uncertainty, 
not  knowing  whether  he  sliould  receive  another  prisoner  or  not ;  now  let  him  defend  himself  to  tlie 
Director  General  and  Council.  Said  Couwenhoven's  letter  was  to  tliis  effect :  That  he  hopes  to  get 
all  the  prisoners,  but  that  he  should  be  in  want  of  supplies ;  for  ttie  powder  lie  has  is  good  for 
nothing,  and  the  cry  among  the  Indians  is  all  for  powder  and  brandy  ;  requests  me  to  send  him 
some,  as  it  was  for  the  public  g<x)d ;  that  tlie  Sachem  had  gone  witli  five  men  into  the  interior,  and 
had  promised  him  to  return  with  all  the  christian  captives  ;  had  given  him  the  Squaw  in  order  to 
succeed  the  better  for  us,  and  he  had  a  fair  prospect  for  a  good  delivery.  In  case  it  happened 
otherwise  then  he  should  acquaint  me  of  it,  and  so  forth,  as  appears  by  his  letter.  It  is  Dated  the 
25'i>  August,  but  I  received  it  on  the  24"*  August ;  tliis  happened  tlirough  a  mistake  of  his  in 
writing.  Domine  Blom  departed  hence  to-day,  witli  his  wife,  for  tlie  Manliatnns ;  had  him  escorted 
to  the  river  side  by  Ensign  Niessen  and  forty  men.    Exjierienced  no  harm  on  tlie  way. 

25t>)  ditto.  Sent  down  the  Indian  and  the  Dutcliman  again  to  tlie  sloop  lying  by  tlie  Wappingers, 
with  some  bread.  Also  sent  a  letter  to  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  which  reads  as  follows  :  "  Good 
"  fi-iend.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven.  Your  letter  came  to  hand,  and  I  have  noted  its  contents.  As 
"regards  your  surrender  of  the  Squaw  before  you  had  in  exchange  all  our  prisoners,  in  my  opinion 
"  it  is  not  well  done.  But  you,  yourself,  must  vindicate  that  act.  In  answer  to  your  request  for 
"  Sewan  and  Brandy,  I  have  none,  as  yon  w«ll  know,  and  the  Council  of  War  does  not  consider  it 
"  prudent  to  fUrnish  our  enemies  with  powder  at  this  conjuncture.  .  You  promise  to  do  your  best 
«  for  our  Christians  in  captivity,  and  to  get  these  out  of  their  hands.  ShoiUd  you  not  succeed,  you 
'<  will  act  according  as  you  have  been  already  instructed  and  told.  I  send  you  some  bread  and 
"  request  you  not  to  go  to  the  Manhatans,  but  first  come  here  to  take  off  the  sick  and  wounded. 
"  You  can  see  whether  you  will  not  be  able  to  obtain  some  sewan  and  brandy  from  the  passing 
"  sloops,  for  if  I  had  any  and  should  send  them  to  you,  they  would  run  great  risk  of  being  plun- 
«  dered  on  the  way  by  the  Indians.  Done,  Wildwyck  the  25»>'  August,  1663."  Had  three  parties 
out ;  two  with  the  reapers  and  one  in  ambush.    Tliey  returned  in  the  evening  having  seen  nothing. 

26"'  ditto.    Two  escorts  were  down  to  the  river- side  to  bring  up  supplies  and  some  soldiers'  wives 


111 


V>  JUIHNAL  or   THE  ■CCOMU    UOPtll    WAB. 

coming  ttom  the  Mnnbatans ;  a  party  lay  in  ambush  behind  the  newly  burnt  village ;  returned  in  t!ie 
evening  without  liaviug  remarked  any  thing. 

27'>>  ditto.  There  were  two  detachments  with  the  reapers  iu  the  field  and  one  in  ambush,  returned 
in  the  evening  without  meeting  any  thing. 

28*k  ditto.  Had  two  parties  again  in  the  field  and  one  in  ambush ;  returned  in  the  evening 
having  seen  nothing. 

2V**  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  again  In  the  field  with  tlie  reapers,  and  one  In  ambush. 
Saw  nothing.  A  soldier  of  Lieut.  StilwlPs  Company  was  wounded  by  his  Sergeant  in  some  dispute 
respecting  orders.  Said  soldier  was  arrested  and  afterwards  examined  by  the  court  martial,  and  it 
was  found  that  the  Sergeant  was  as  blameworthy  as  the  soldier.  The  soldier,  who  is  named  Thotnas 
Coeck,  is  condemned  by  the  court  martial  to  stand  sentry  with  six  muskets  for  the  space  of  three 
days,  and  during  one  hour  each  day. 

30U>  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  returned  from  the  Wapplngers  at  the  Redoubt  with  the 
yacht,  and  arrived  in  WUdwyck  with  his  people  and  the  two  Wappinger  Indians,  but  released  and 
liberated  the  Squaw  there  ;  coul^  not  obtain  any  more  Christian  captives  ftxim  the  Esopus  Indians. 
The  Wappinger  Sachem  had  been  with  the  Esopus  Indians  at  their  fort,  (which  they  were  erecting 
anew,)  in  order  to  ascertain  If  he  could  not  obtain  the  release  of  tlie  Christian  captives.  But  when 
he  had  been  two  to  three  days  with  them  In  their  new  fort,  to  negotiate  with  tliem  rcs])ecting  tlie 
prisoners,  two  Mohawks  and  one  Minqua  came  there  with  Sewan  and  a  long  message,  which  ren- 
dered the  Esopus  Indians  so  ill  disposed  towards  the  Wappinger  Sachem  that  they  caused  him  to 
depart.  He  then  returned  without  receiving  any  other  Christian  Captives.  He  came  on  board  of 
Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  told  the  same  to  him,  and  said  Lieutenant  reported  it  to  me.  Now, 
I  cannot  imagine  what  there  Is  in  it.  Convened  the  Council  of  War  and  they  resolved  and  con- 
cluded to  attack  with  one  hundred  and  twenty  men  the  Esopus  Indians  who  reside  in  their  new  fort 
about  four  hours  farther  than  their  first  fort  which  we  had  burnt.  We  take  with  us  as  a  guide  one 
of  our  captured  Wappinger  Indians.  Meanwhile  issued  rations  to  the  people,  and  orders  to  start  on 
the  expedition  this  evening  or  to-morrow  morning ;  but  as  it  began  to  rain  in  the  afternoon  we 
did  not  set  ot^t  to  day.  Sent  an  Order  to  the  Sherlif,  Commissaries,  and  Superior  officers  of  the 
Tillage  of  WUdwyck,  which  reads  as  follows  : — 

"  Whereas  another  expedition  is  on  foot  against  our  enemies,  the  Esopus  Indians,  the  Sheriff, 
Commissaries  and  Superior  officers  of  the  Burghery  are  requested  to  furnish  tiventy  horse  men  hora 
the  hired  men  {Kmchtt)  of  this  village  of  WUdwyck  to  accompany' the  military  in  the  attack  on  the 
Indians.    Done,  WUdwyck  the  30<h  August,  1663." 

■    •        '"  t    .  -'  ■  ■-  ■■• 
Answer  of  the  Court  to  this  Order. 

"  The  Court  and  Superior  officers  of  this  Village  of  WUdwyck  having  read  the  communication  sent 
tnem  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  Wai^  have  at  their  request  convoked  the  farmers 
and  read  to  them  the  aforesaid  demand,  whereunto  they  gave  for  answer  that  they  were  well  dis- 
posed to  do  their  best  for  the  public  luterest,  but  find  at  present  that  the  horses  fatigued  from  tlie 
harvest,  are  unfit  to  be  rode  by  men.  The  Court  having  heard  this  answer,  hereby  request  the 
Captain  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War,  if  it  can  be  possibly  done  without  prejudice  to  the  public 
Service,  that  tlie  expedition  be  postponed  for  six  or  seven  days  until  the  harvest  be  completed  as  the 
grain  yet  in  the  field  is  already  injured.  Done,  WUdwyck,  this  30i'>  August  1663,  (was  subscritted) 
BoBLOF  SwARTworT.  (Lowcr  Stood)  By  Order  of  the  Sheriff,  Commissaries  and  Superior  officers  of 
the  Burghery  in  WUdwyck  (signed)  Mattheus  Capito,  Secretary ."    Nothing  else  occurred  to-day. 

ai**  ditto.    It  rained  somewliat  all  this  day,  therefore  tlie  expedition  must  rest  for  the  present : 


:rJ;.^    . 


■MM*t--««   wttti 


jnmNAI.   OF    THR   •irOWD    KAon'R    WAM. 


♦I 


■eiit  an  esrort  to  the  river  side  and  vlotnnlled  the  people  at  the  Redoubt  ami  Sloop.  A»kf<lth« 
Sheriff  and  Commissaries,  verbally,  whether  they  could  not  get  some  liorses  to  accompany  us  In  the 
attaclt  so  tliat  we  may  be  able  to  place  the  wounded  on  tlieiii  if  we  happen  to  have  any.  After  great 
trouble  they  obtained  sii  horses  ftom  a  few,  but  splteftil  ond  insulting  words  from  many.  Onn 
said,  Let  those  furnish  horses  who  commenced  tlie  war.  Another  said,  I'll  give  'em  the  Devil— 
If  they  want  any  thing  they  will  have  to  take  it  by  force.  The  titird  said,  I  must  first  have  my 
horse  valued  and  have  security  tur  it ;  and  so  forth  with  much  other  ioul  and  unbeooming  language, 
not  to  be  repeated. 

l*t  September.  Thomas  the  Irishman  and  Claesje  Uooru  arrived  with  their  yaohts  at  the  KlU 
from  the  Manhatans  ;  sent  an  escort  to  tlie  river  side ;  Intended  to  set  forth  to  day  but  tlie  arrival 
of  the  yaohts  and  the  escort  to  the  river  side  prevented  this,  and  tlie  weather  was  so  lowering  and 
threatened  rain  so  much  that  we>  concluded  to  start  next  night  towards  the  break  of  day ;  but  as 
it  rained  the  whole  night  we  could  not  set  out.  Nothing  else  occurred  to  day.  A  party  was  out  lu 
the  field  with  the  fiurmers,  but  nothing  happene<l. 

2<i  ditto.  Sunday.  The  weather  continued  lowering,  and  heavy  rain  fell.  In  the  afternoon  very 
heavy  rain  fell  again  so  that  we  could  not  stir  out.    Nothing  occurred  diuing  the  entire  day. 

3<>  ditto.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  we  started  from  fort  Wildvoyckf  having  of  my  com* 
pany  two  and  twenty  men ;  of  Lieutenant  Stilwll's  company,  four  and  twenty  men,  and  aeveu 
freemen,  with  two  of  the  Hon>>i«  Company's  Negroes.  We  took  as  guide  the  yoiuig  Wapplnger 
Indian,  and  Ghristoffel  Davids  as  Indian  interpreter,  and  promised  the  Indian  his  freedom  with  n 
olotli  coat,  on  condition  that  he  brought  us  truly  to  the  Esopus  Indians.  We  got  eight  hoi'ses  nlth 
very  great  difficulty  from  the  farmers,  as  they  were  so  very  uuwilling  and  could  not  be  brought  to 
give  us  any  horses,  except  Thomas  Chambers,  who,  without  any  solicitation,  presented  me  with  two 
for  the  expedition.  Several  of  tlie  others,  Avho  would  not  give  any,  used  much  ofienslve  luiiguugtt 
to  the  Sheriff  and  to  the  company's  officers,  saying — "  They  will  have  horses ;  they  may  see  if  they 
can  get  them."  Marched  tliat  afternoon  about  three  miles  from  our  fort  to  the  creek  wliicli  nuts  past 
the  Redoubt ;  lay  there  that  night,  during  which  we  Iiad  great  rain. 

4'i>  ditto.  Found  such  high  water  and  swift  current  in  the  Kill  tliat  it  was  impossiblo  to  fonl  it ; 
sent  six  men  immediately  on  horseback  to  our  fort  Wildwyck  to  fetch  rope  and  axes  to  make  a  raft 
or  some  other  convenience  to  cross  the  creek  ;  they  returned  to  us  about  ten  o'clock  ;  brought  tlm'u 
axes  and  rope.  Passed  the  rope  over  the  stream  in  order  to  hol<l  fust  to  it  so  that  the  people  may 
not  be  swept  far  down  the  creek.  Crossed  over  with  all  ^''^s  men  about  two  o'clock  in  the  atternooa 
and  marclied  about  four  miles  further  on,  where  we  biv  v  .i^ked  during  the  niglit.  Considviublti 
rain  fell  tliis  afternoon. 

5*>>  ditto.  Set  out  again  at  day  break,  and  about  noon  came  to  their  first  maize  field  where  w« 
discovered  two  Squaws  and  a  Dutch  woman  ;  who  had  come  that  morning  from  tlieir  new  fort  to 
get  corn.  But  as  the  creek  lay  between  us  and  tlie  corn-field,  thougli  we  would  fain  have  tlie  women 
it  was  impossible  to  ford  the  stream  without  being  seen  and  tiien  discovered.  We  therefore,  adoptetl 
the  resolution  to  avoid  the  cornfield  and  the  road,  and  lurned  in  through  the  woods  so  us  not  to  be 
seen.  Arrived  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  within  sight  of  their  fort,  which  we  discovered 
situate  on  a  lofty  plain.  Divided  our  force  in  two— Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  I  led  the  right 
wing,  and  Lieutentuit  Stilwil  and  Ensign  Niessen  the  left  wing.  Proceeded  in  this  disposition  along 
the  hill  so  as  not  to  be  seen  and  in  order  to  come  right  under  the  fort ;  but  as  it  was  somewhat 
level  on  the  left  side  of  the  fort  and  the  soldiers  were  seen  by  a  Squaw,  who  was  piling  wood  there 
and  who  sent  forth  a  terrible  scream  which  was  heard  by  the  Indians  who  were  standing  and  working 
near  the  fort,  we  instantly  fell  upon  them.    The  Indians  rushed  forthwith  through  the  fort  townrds 


fP 


nfM»i«iniiin-'i«iri»iii>i-iiiinmm»— s 


JOVRtfAL   or   Tin   IKCOWD    BtOrVB    WAR. 

their  houses,  which  stood  about  a  stone's  throw  flrom  the  fbrt,  in  order  to  secure  their  arms,  and  thus 
hastily  plclced  up  a  Tew  guns  and  bows  and  arrows,  but  we  were  so  hot  at  their  heels  that  they  were 
forced  to  leave  many  of  them  beliind.  We  kept  up  a  sharp  fire  on  them  and  pursued  them  so 
closely  that  they  leaped  into  the  creek  which  ran  in  front  of  the  lower  part  of  their  maize  land. 
On  reaching  the  opposite  side  of  the  Kill,  they  courageously  returned  our  fire,  whicli  we  sent  back, 
so  that  we  were  obliged  to  send  a  party  across  to  dislodge  them.  In  this  attack,  the  Indians  lost 
tlieir  Chief,  named  Papequanaehen,  fourteen  other  warriors,  four  women  and  three  children,  wliom 
we  saw  lying  both  on  this  and  on  the  otiier  side  of  the  creek  but  probably  many  more  were 
wounded,  when  rushing  from  the  fort  to  the  houses,  when  we  did  give  them  a  brave  charge.  On  our 
side  three  were  kiUed  and  six  wounded  and  we  have  recovered  three  and  twenty  Christian  prisoners 
out  of  their  hands.  We  have  also  taken  thirteen  of  them  prisoners,  both  men  and  women,  besides 
an  old  man  who  accompanied  us  about  half  an  hour  but  woidd  not  go  farther.  We  took  him 
aside  and  gave  him  his  last  meal.  A  Captive  Indian  Cliild  died  on  the  way,  so  tliat  there  remained 
eleven  of  them  still  our  prisoners.  The  enemy  being  conquered,  we  reviewed  our  men  ;  found  we 
hod  one  wounded  more  than  we  had  horses.  Convened  the  Council  of  War  ;  submitted  to  them 
what  was  now  best  for  us  to  do  relative  to  cutting  down  the  maize.  The  Council  of  war  decided 
that  we  could  indeed  cut  it  down,  but  were  any  more  of  our  men  wounded,  how  could  they  be 
removed  having  already  one  more  than  we  had  horses,  and  this  one  must  be  borne,  with  great  trouble; 
on  a  litter  by  two.  Resolved  to  let  the  maize  stand  for  the  present ;  plundered  the  houses  wherein 
was  considerable  booty,  such  as  bear  skins,  deer  skins,  notassenf  blankets,  elk  hides,  besides  several 
other  smaller  articles  many  of  which  we  were  obliged  to  leave  behind  that  we  could  not  bring  along 
with  us,  for  we  could  well  fill  a  sloop.  We  destroyed  as  much  as  we  could ;  broke  the  kettles 
Into  pieces ;  got  also  twenty  four  or  five  guns,  more  than  the  half  of  which  we  smashed  and  threw 
the  barrels  here  and  there  in  the  stream,  hacking  and  breaking  in  pieces  as  many  as  we  could. 
Found,  also,  several  horns  and  bags  of  powder,  in  all  about  twenty  pounds  ;  got  also  thirty  one 
belts  and  some  strings  of  wampum ;  took  the  best  of  the  booty  along  and  resolved  to  set  olT.  Placed 
the  wounded  on  the  horses  and  liad  one  carried  in  a  blanket  on  poles  by  two  soldiers  in  turns.  Set 
out  thus  in  good  order  on  our  return  and  marched  that  day  full  two  miles  from  the  fort.  The  fort  was 
a  perfect  square  with  one  row  of  palisades  set  all  round  being  about  fifteen  feet  above,  and  three  feet 
under  ground.  They  had  already  completed  two  angles  of  stout  palisades,  all  of  them  almost  as 
thick  as  a  man's  body,  having  two  rows  of  portholes,  one  above  the  other ;  and  they  were  busy  at 
the  third  angle.  These  angles  were  constructed  so  solid  and  strong  as  not  to  be  excelled  by 
Christians.  The  fort  was  not  so  large  as  the  one  we  had  already  burnt.  The  Christian  prisoners 
Informed  us  that  they  were  removed  every  night  into  the  woods,  each  night  to  a  diflferent  place, 
through  fear  of  the  Dutch,  and  brought  back  in  the  morning  ;  but  on  the  day  before  we  attacked 
them,  a  Mohawk  visited  them,  who  slept  with  them  during  the  night.  When  they  would  convey 
the  Christian  Captives  again  into  the  woods,  the  Mohawk  said  to  the  Esopus  Indians — ^What!  do  you 
carry  the  Christian  prisoners  every  night  into  the  woods'?  To  which  they  answered — ^yes.  Where- 
upon the  Mohawk  said,  Let  them  remain  at  liberty  here  for  you  live  so  far  In  the  woods  that  the 
Dutch  will  not  come  hither,  for  they  cannot  come  so  far  without  being  discovered  before  they  reach 
you.  Wherefore  they  kept  the  prisoners  by  them  that  night.  The  Mohawk  departed  in  the 
morning  for  the  Manessings  and  left  a  new  blanket  and  two  pieces  of  cloth  which  fell  to  us  also  as 
.booty  ;  and  we  came  just  that  day  and  fell  on  them  so  that  a  portion  of  them  is  entirely  annihilated. 
Wherefore  praise  and  thanks  be  given  to  God  Almighty.  The  course  lies  about  South  South  West 
to  the  Indians  new  fort  which  is  distant  about  12  miles'.    The  way  is  somewhat  stoney  and  hilly, 

1  Thin  line  leadnto  about  Bloominbnrg,  In  the  town  of  Mamak»ting,Snlliv«n  Co.  in  the  vicinity  of  which  village  It  1b  preanmed 
tha  above  battle  wai  fought.    Ed. 


...^s — ■■    i>fWMiiiitiMW(B..a*i>^fc.* 


'J:&,^<b3.^££Ji^ 


JOUHMAL   or    THK    BEOOIID    UOPVI    WAR. 


49 


but  the  toad  for  tlie  greater  part  is  good.  After  leaving  their  fort  we  marclied  that  day  two  miles 
where  we  passed  the  night.    Perceived  the  Indians  on  tlie  road. 

6(>>  ditto.  Early^  the  morning  we  started  anew  ;  were  obliged  to  cross  a  rapid,  stoney  creek, 
and  came  this  day  Just  beyond  the  Esopus  Kill,  wliich  nms  by  the  Redoubt,  where  we  remained 
tills  niglit,  and  there  died  the  Indian  child,  which  we  threw  into  the  creek.  Saw  scarcely  any 
Indians  that  day  on  the  road. 

7"<  ditto.    Started  again  and  arrived  about  noon  at  WUdvoyck ;  did  not  remark  any  thing  by  the  way. 

6^.  An  escort  attended  the  reapers  in  the  field  ;  returned  in  the  evening  without  having  seen 
any  tiling.    Ghristoffels  Davids  departed. 

0»>  ditto.  Sunday.  Lieutenant  Stilwil  and  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  left  for  the  Manhatans  with 
the  sloop  ;  sent  with  them  seven  wounded  and  some  sick,  together  with  8evente<>n  of  Lieutenant 
Stilwil's  men  and  twelve  of  my  company;  had  them  escorted  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  else 
occurred  to-day. 

10>i>  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  with  the  reapers  and  those  driving  the  teams.  Nothing 
occurred.  They  returned  about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  as  It  commenced  raining  hard  and 
they  saw  nothing. 

11  u>  ditto.    Nothing  new ;  It  rslned  the  entire  day. 

12t>>  ditto.  Two  yaclits  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  from  Fort  Orange  ;  had  Reyntje  Pletersen  and 
Hans  Carolussen  escorted  up ;  detached  a  party  in  Ambush  and  one  in  the  field  with  those 
Dulling  Hemp,  but  nothing  happened.  , 

13">  ditto.    Nothing  occurred  as  It  rained  the  whole  day. 

14t>>  ditto.  Sent  an  escort  to  the  Redoubt  by  the  river  side.  Nothing  else  transpired,  as  it  rained 
again  nearly  the  entire  day. 

15"*  ditto.  Maet  Seen  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  boat  and  eight  soldiers  and  some  letters 
from  the  Heeren  Councillors,  dated  ISt**  September.  Had  him  conducted  up  to  the  village  of 
WUdwyck.    An  ordinance  is  enacted  by  the  Council  of  War ;  It  reads  as  follows :    , 


"  Ordinance  made  and  enacted  by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  Commanding 

the  Military  troops  at  WUdwyck  in  the  Esopus.  * 

"  Whereas  it  is  found  by  daily  experience  that  several  of  the  military  do,  without  permission  of 
the  Serjeant  or  Corporal,  leave  their  posts  or  stations  either  to  work  with  the  farmers  or  on  some 
other  pretence.  Wherefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  being  desirous  to 
provide  therefor,  have  ordered  and  directed,  as  they  do  hereby  order  and  direct-r- 

"  That  no  one  shall  presume  to  quit  his  post  or  station  without  permission  of  the  Segeant  or 
Corporal  in  command,  under  the  penalty  of  twenty  stivers  for  the  first  ofiience,  40  stivers  for  the 
second,  and  arbitrary  punishment  for  the  third. 

S. 

"  No  person  shall  presume  to  take  or  steal  another's  gun,  powder  or  lead  in  any  manner  what- 
soever, on  pain  of  corporal  punishment,  according  to  the  gravity  of  the  case. 

.8.  ■      .-  ■  ' 

"  Neither  shall  any  person,  be  he  who  he  may,  commence  or  begin  any  quarrel  on  guard,  much 
less  come  drunk  or  to  drink  there,  under  a  penalty  of  twenty  stivers  for  each  offence. 

Vol.  IV.  7 


ft 


i^ 


50 


JOl'RMAL   or  TRt   ■ICOin>   tMOfV*   WAN. 


4. 
"  Every  one  ihall  hold  hlmaelf  in  readlnera  with  hit  gun,  duly  provided  with  powder  and  ball, 
to  appear  immediately,  or  on  tlie  first  oommand  of  the  luperior  or  inftrioi^fflcer,  wherever  he 
may  be  required,  then  to  await  Airther  orders,  and  whoever  acts  contrary  or  disobeys  herein  shall 
be  arbitrarily  punished  according  to  Ids  deserts,  pursuant  to  the  sentence  of  the  Court  Martial. 

». 

"  No  one  shall  go  iVom  one  guard  or  post  to  another  without  taking  with  him  his  proper  Imnd 
and  side  arms,  so  tlint  he  may  be  Immi'diutely  prepared  to  defend  himself  in  case  of  Hiarni,  iiutitr 
a  penalty  of  twenty  stiTrn  for  each  otfence,  and  as  often  as  he  shall  be  found  disobeying  licri'iii. 
Tiivs  DONE  by  the  Cap>  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Ck>unoil  of  War,  In  WUdteyckf  this  15  Septem- 
ber, 1663." 

Nothing  else  occurred,  inasmuch  as  it  was  again  rainy  weather. 

16t>>  ditto.    Sunday.    Nothing  occucred  and  no  detachment  was  sent  out. 

17*>>  ditto.  Muet  Seen  left  again  with  his  boat ;  took  with  liim  two  sick,  Peter  Andriessen  and 
Jan  Coppenou  and  two  horses  for  Mmsicur  Verlet  and  sundry  empty  barrels  for  the  Hon'''" 
Company  ;  had  him  escorted  to  the  Redoubt  by  32  men.  Thomas  the  Irisliman  arrived  to  day,  at 
the  Redoubt  and  a  small  straw  cabin  in  which  a  soldier  resided  was  burnt,  but  nothing  can  l>e 
ascertained  as  to  Iiow  the  fire  originated.  Meanwhile  the  Soldier  lust  ull  Ids  property.  Nutldng 
else  occurred  tliis  day. 

I8'>>  ditto.  Presented  tlie  following  request  to  the  Magistrates  of  this  village  of  Wildwyok  :— 
"  Whereas  the  Heer  Director  General  and  the  Heerm  Councillors  have  written  to  us  here  that  it  i) 
their  intention  to  send  hither,  by  tlie  first  opportunity,  additional  Soldiers  and  a  party  of  Marsepin«{ 
Savages,'  to  seek  ont  and  subdue  us  much  as  possible  the  Esopus  Indians,  our  enemy,  the  Captain 
Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War,  therefore,  request  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  tliis  village  of 
Wildwyck  to  be  pleased  to  allot  two  or  three  houses  in  this  village  to  lodge,  provisionally,  the 
aforesaid  force  whenever  it  sliall  arrive.  Tiiis  doing,  our  friendship  shall  follow.  Done,  Wildwyck, 
I8*><  Sept'  1663."  Answer  of  the  Court  as  follows  :— "  The  W.  Court  having  looked  around  at  tlie 
request  of  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  for  proper  lodgings  for  tlie  coming  forces,  have 
induced  Pieter  Jacobsen  to  give  Ids  mill  for  40  to  50  Soldiers,  and  tlio  W.  Court  will  do  its  best 
to  find  out  quarters  for  the  Savages  Done,  Wildwyck^  this  18>'>  September  1G63.  (was  subscribed) 
RoELOF  SwAKTwouT.  (Lowcr  stood)  By  order  of  the  W.  Court  in  Wildwyck  aforesaid.  Matthhus 
Capito,  Secretary.  Two  detachments  were  out,  to  day,  with  the  reapers  in  the  field  and  at  the  Great 
Plot,  and  20  men  in  ambush.    Returned  in  the  evening ;  saw  notliing. 

19"'  ditto.  Thomas  the  Irishman  sailed  for  the  Manhatans ;  had  liim  escorted.  Two  detaclimcuts 
were  out  in  the  field  with  the  reapers,  but  saw  nothing. 

20*''  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  out  at  the  Great  Plot  by  Tjerck's  to  cut  oats  and  to  plough ; 
they  returned  in  the  evening  having  seen  nothing. 

21«»  ditto.  Two  detachments  went  out  again ;  one  witli  the  ploughers,  the  other  with  tliose 
drawing  home  tlic  oats,  but  tliey  did  not  see  any  thing. 

22<i  ditto.  Another  detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen  ;  saw  nothing.  Sent  a 
party  about  midnight  along  the  Kill  where  some  maize  lay ;  distant  South  from  Wildwyck  about  2 
hours'  ninrcli ;  l)ut  on  arriving  tlicre  found  only  a  small  patcli  of  maize,  as  it  had  all  been  i^uolced 
by  some  straggling  Indians  or  bears.    Our  people  took  away  the  remainder,  but  'twas  of  little 


1  These  were  Qiiceng  Co.  Indian*. 
Neck.    Ed. 


Thompson  calls  them  Manepetgues,  and  sayi  their  principal  lettlement  was  at  Fort 


I 


' 


JOUHMAL   Ut   TNK   ■KCOMU    HtUPlB    WAS. 


i\ 


valite.  The  Indian  prisoners  wlium  we  hold  had  first  iurormed  ui,  to  day,  that  a  imall  spot  of 
com  liod  been  planted  tliero  principally  to  supply  fiNid  to  stragglers  wlio  went  to  and  fVo  to  injure 
the  Cliriitians.    Slioiild  tliey  come  again  they'll  not  find  any  food. 

SSiJ  ditto.  Sunday.  Notliing  particular.  Towards  evening  sent  a  convoy  to  the  river  side  to 
bring  up  bread  for  tlie  garrison.  About  eleven  o'clock  that  niglit  sent  out  a  i^arty  to  the  Sngtr'i 
little  Iciil  in  an  easterly'  direction  from  our  vilhige  ofWildwyck  about  three  miles  flrom  our  fort, 
having  Iwen  informed  tliat  her«  was  luiiie  Witi»  there,  to  it'e  if  tliey  could  not  remove  It  thence, 
either  by  land  or  water.  "''  '      ' 

24"*  ditto.  Monday.  The  party  that  was  tent  out  in  the  night  returned  liome  about  two  o'clock 
in  tlie  afternoon  ;  they  were  at  Sagtr*$  KilUtit,  on  the  Indians'  maize  plantation,  but  taw  no  Indians 
nor  any  thing  to  indicate  tliat  tliey  hod  been  there  for  a  long  time,  for  the  maize  hod  not  been  hoed, 
{aangthoocM)  and  could  not  come  to  its  full  growth,  but  had  been  much  Injured  by  the  wild  beasts  ; 
neither  will  any  of  it  reach  perfection,  except  one  plantation  whlcli  was  good,  having  been  IkmhI  by 
tlie  Indians.  'Twas,  however,  much  injured  by  the  wild  beasts ;  each  of  our  {teople  brought  a 
load  of  it  home  on  his  back,  and  left  some  more  standing,  whicli  we  will  when  convenient  bring 
hither.  Tliey  also  say  that  it  Is  beautiful  maize  land,  8ultul)le  for  a  nimiber  of  bouwcries  and  for 
the  immediate  reception  of  the  plough.  Had  an  escort  in  the  field  to  bring  In  the  oats  and  buck- 
wheat, and  sent  one  to  the  Redoubt,  as  Domiiie  Blom  had  arrived  in  tlie  Spaniard's  yacht,  and  some 
supplies  had  also  been  sent  IVom  the  Mauhatans  by  the  Heerm  Councillors  for  the  troops  In  the 
Esopus.    Otherwise,  nothing  particular  occurred  to-day. 

25"'  ditto.  '  Had  an  escort  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  sent.  i>ne  to  the  river  side  to  fetch 
up  supplies  or  provisions.  A  soldier  name<l  Jurien  Jausen  fell  out  of  a  canoe  at  the  Redoubt  and  was 
drowned ;  he  was  reaching  for  a  squirrel  and  the  canoe  tints  upset  and  he  was  drowned.  Nothing 
else  occurred  to-day  except  sending  some  horses  and  wagons  to  fort  Orange  wlUch  were  required 
by  the  owners. 

26*^  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  and  Wlldwyck  with  some  Marseplng 
Savages.  Sent  a  detachment  to  tlie  water  side  to  fetch  up  some  supplies.  Inasmuch  as  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven  has  arrived  at  Wildtoyckf  and  the  gunner's  wife  has  again  brought  a  quantity  of 
strong  drink  along,  which  she  retails  as  well  to  Indians  as  to  Christians,  without  making  any  exception 
as  to  habitual  drunkards,  and  furnishes  them  with  so  much  that  they  cannot  distinguish  even  the 
door  of  the  house,  and  then,  coming  out,  fight  with  and  strike  the  Indians.  Tliereibre,  desirous  to 
prevent  all  mischiefs  which  might  arise  from  strong  drink,  tlie  rather  as  an  expedition  is  again  about 
to  set  out,  according  to  letters  from  the  Supreme  Council,  and  in  order  to  have  sober  and  proper  men 
to  march  at  the  first  command  of  the  officers,  the  Cap*  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  have, 
for  the  present,  sent  an  order  to  the  Sheriff  of  this  Village,  which  reads  as  fellows — "  The  Cap* 
Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  having  orders  from  the  Supreme  government  to  get  up 
another  expedition,  and  the  entire  military,  and  the  Natives  our  friends,  the  Marseplng  Indians, 
being  here  also  holding  themselves  in  readiness  to  set  out  at  the  first  command  of  the  officers.  The 
Cap*  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  do  therefore  hereby  authorize  and  order  Sheriflf  Swart- 
wont  of  this  village  to  notify  and  forbid  the  tappers  or  retailers  of  strong  drink  who  follow  the 
profession  of  selling  liquor  in  this  village,  that  they  do  not  under  present  circumstances  sell  strong 
drink  to  any  one,  be  he  Cliristian  or  Indian,  under  the  forfeiture  of  the  intoxicating  liquor  that 
may  be  found  in  his  house.  Done,  WUdwyck,  26*''  September,  1663.''  Meanwhile,  nothing  else 
occurred  to-day.  ^ 

1  Oosllyek.  This  mnst  evidently  be  an  error,  a«  they  could  not  go  8  Dutch  or  0  English  miles  (Vom  Kingston,  iu  an 
taiterly  direction.    It  is  presumed  that  "  northeasterly  "  was  Intended,  in  which  direction  Stngertles  lies.    Ed. 


.^ 

JOURNAL  or  THE  SECOND  ESOPVS   WAR. 


ST*"*  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen  and  one  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  np 
provisions.    Nothing  else  happened. 

28""  ditto.  The  Council  of  War  engaged  Derrick  Smith  to  remain  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  yacht 
until  we  return  with  the  troops  from  tlie  expedition,  in  order  to  carry  back  the  forces  and  Marseping 
Indians,  and  agreed  with  said  Smith  that  he  sliall  have  in  Seawan  eight  guilders  light  money  per  day. 
A  detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen ;  10  to  12  of  our  Indians  were  out  in  the  bush 
shooting.  They  returned  in  the  evening ;  say  that  they  have  discovered  signs  of  where  the  Indians 
are  gone  to.    Nothing  else  occurred  to  day. 

29t'<  ditto.  Conveneil  the  Coimcil  of  war  and  resolved  and  concluded  to  set  out  on  another 
expedition  against  the  Esopus  Indians  next  Monday  being  the  !•*  of  October,  and  each  man  shall 
be  furnished  with  three  poimds  of  biscuit,  one  pound  of  powder  and  one  pound  of  ball  for  tlie 
expedition.  An  order  is  also  given  to  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  as  follows — "  Whereas  by  orders 
from  the  Director  General  and  Council  of  New  Netherland  an  expedition  is  about  to  set  out  against 
the  Esopus  Indians,  our  enemies  and  sixteen  horses  are  required  to  accompany  and  to  be  used  by 
said  expedition,  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant  [Council  of  War,J  therefore  request  the  Sheriff  and 
Commissaries  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  to  supply  said  horses  from  the  inhabitants  by  the  first  of 
Octotter  proximo,  being  next  Monday.  Done,  Ft/dwycA:  thu  29""  September  1663."  A  detachment 
was  in  tlie  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  to  the  river  side ;  Saw  nothing. 

30*''  September,  Sunday  afternoon,  caused  powder  and  ball  to  be  distributed  to  the  soldiers  and 
Indians ;  one  pound  powder,  one  pound  lead  euch,  with  three  pounds  biscuit  for  this  expedition. 
Nothing  else  happened  to  day. 

l»t  October  being  Monday,  we  marched  from  Wildwyck  with  these  following  troops ;  of  the 
Military  102  men ;  of  the  Marseping  Indians  46  men  ;  of  the  freemen  6  ;  with  14  horses  obtained 
from  the  formers  of  Wildwyck  for  the  use  of  the  expedition  so  as  to  tte  able  to  accommodate  the 
wounded,  should  we  have  any.  Marched  with  these  troops  about  9  hours  and  arrived  in  the  evening 
about  7  miles  from  Wildwyck  where  we  passed  tlie  night.  Experienced  scarcely  any  trouble  through 
the  day ;  had  considerable  rain  in  the  night. 

2nd  ditto.  Started  again  with  our  troops  and  about  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  came  to  the  fort 
of  the  Esopus  Indians  where  we  had  attacked  them  on  the  5'>>  September  and  there  found  five  large 
piis  into  which  they  had  cast  their  dead.  The  wolves  had  rooted  up  and  devoured  some  of  them. 
Lower  down  on  the  Kill  were  four  other  pits  full  of  dead  Indians  and  we  found,  futher  on,  three 
Indians  with  a  Squaw  and  a  Child  that  lay  unburied  and  almost  wholly  devoured  by  the  ravens 
and  the  wolves.  Sent  out,  immediately  a  party  of  Dutch  men  and  Indians  four  miles  beyond  the  fort 
in  a  South  westerly  direction  where  our  guide  pi-esumed  some  Esopus  Indians  would  be,  but  on 
coming  there  discovered  nothing  but  some  wigwams  which  had  been  a  long  time  abandoned  by  the 
Indians.  Meanwhile  I  had  been  over  the  Kill  with  a  party  of  men  and  pulled  off  the  corn  and 
threw  it  into  the  Kill.  The  troops  returned  in  the  evening  without  having  seen  any  Indians. 
About  two  miles  from  the  fort  perceived  the  trail  of  two  Indians  who  had  gone  across  the  moun- 
tain ;  supposed  to  be  strange  Indians  ;  The  trail  was  a  day  old. 

3^  ditto.  Early  in  the  morning  despatched  a  party  of  soldiers  and  Indians  into  the  woods  to  see 
if  they  could  not  find  any  Indians ;  sent  a  detachment  again  over  the  Kill  to  pull  up  the  maize 
and  throw  it  into  the  Kill.  In  the  afternoon  sent  two  other  detachments  into  the  corn  fields  to 
throw  the  maize  into  the  creek,  as  the  corn  which  stood  about  the  fort  was  all  thrown  into  the  Kill 
by  the  evening.  After  sundown  our  party  returned,  without  haviil^  captpred  or  discovered  any 
thing. 

4"'  ditto.    We  pulled  up  the  Indian  fort  and  threw  the  palisades,  one  on  the  other,  in  sundry 


JOURNAL   OF  THE  BEOOND   BSOPUS   WAR. 


58 


heaps  and  set  them  on  fire,  together  with  the  wigwams  which  stood  around  the  fort,  and  thus  the 
fort  and  houses  were  destroyed  and  burnt.  About  10  o'clock  we  marched  thence  down  along  the 
creeli  where  lay  divers  maize  plantations,  which  we  also  destroyed  and  cast  the  corn  into  the  creek. 
Several  large  Wigwams  stood^o  there  which  we  burnt.  Now,  having  destroyed  every  thing,  we 
marched  that  day,  on  our  return,  about  four  miles  further,  ivhere  we  remained  witli  the  troops  that 
night  by  a  small  creek,  the  rain  falling  the  entire  time.  Two  Hackinsack  Indians  who  had  come  up 
with  the  Marsepings  staid  behind  at  the  fort.  They  told  the  Chief  that  they  should  return  home 
from  thence,  as  they  could  reach  Hackinsack  as  soon  as  Esopus  ;  but  the  Chief  did  not  mention  it 
to  us  until  we  had  marched  back  some  two  miles.  These  two  Indians  had,  each,  a  gun  from  the 
Esopv"  which  they  took  away  with  them. 

5f>  ditto.  Still  raining  incessantly ;  but  we  again  resumed  our  homeward  march  to  WUdwyck. 
This  night  one  of  the  farmers'  horses  strayed  away  ;  searched  for  it  this  morning  every  where,  but 
could  not  find  it.  Meanwhile  continued  our  march,  and  arrived  in  tlie  evening  at  Wildwyck.  Saw 
nothing  on  the  road.  The  course  from  Wildwyck  to  the  Indians'  burnt  fort  lies  mostly  South 
Southwest  across  several  large  creeks,  some  of  wliich  are  breast-high,  some  not  so  deep.  The  way  is 
very  bad  and  Wily  ;  in  some  places  is  very  fine  land. 

e''  ditto.    Had  two  escorts  to  the  river  side ;  nothing  else  occurred  to-day. 

7"*  ditto.  Sunday.  At  break  of  day  sent  out  forty  soldiers  with  twenty  Indians  to  the  Sogers 
KUletje,  lying  easterly  {Oostwaerts)  from  Wildwyck,  where  there  were  two  fields  planted  with  maize, 
for  the  purpose  of  destroying  this  and  throwing  it  into  the  creek ;  they  returned  in  the  evening 
each  with  a  load  of  maize  having  thrown  the  remainder  into  the  creek.  About  noon,  to  day,  a  girl 
was  brought  up  from  the  Redoubt  who,  the  day  before  had  arrived  on  the  opposite  bank  there  and 
was  immediately  conveyed  across  [the  stream].  When  the  girl  came  to  Wildwyck  she  was  forthwith 
asked,  where  she  came  from  1  Said,  she  had  escaped  from  an  Indian  who  had  taken  her  prisoner, 
and  who  resided  in  the  mountain  on  the  other  side  of  the  creek  about  three  miles  from  Wildteyck 
where  he  had  a  hut  and  a  small  patch  of  com  which  he  had  pulled  and  had  been  there  about  three 
weeks  to  remove  the  com.  The  Council  of  War  forthwith  resolved  to  send  thither  forty  men  to  try 
and  catch  him,  whereupon  Ensign  Niessen  with  36  soldiers  and  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  with  5 
Indians  were  ordered  out.  They  marched  from  Wildwyck  about  noon  and  crossed  over  at  the 
Redoubt.  They  reached  the  hut  about  sunset  wliich,  having  completely  surrounded,  they  surprized, 
but  found  it  empty.  The  Indian  had  abandoned  it  before  their  arrival.  They  found  a  lot  of  corn 
near  the  hut,  and  another  lot  at  the  kill,  part  of  which  they  bumed  and  brought  a  part  here.  Remained 
in  the  hut  during  the  night  and  watched  there. 

8*^  ditto.  About  ten  o'clock  the  troops  returned  to  Wildwyck.  Convened  the  Council  of  War 
and  resolved  and  concluded  to  send  off  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and  the  Marseping  Indians  and 
about  forty  of  our  soldiers  to  the  Manhatans  on  the  morrow  being  the  ninth  of  October.  The 
Council  of  War  also  resolved  to  send  down  all  the  Indian  prisoners  likewise  to  the  Manhatans  being 
eleven  Esopus  Indians,  big  and  little  and  one  Wappinger,  making  twelve  in  all,  as  there  is  no 
probability  of  their  being  redeemed  here,  none  of  the  Esopus  Indians  coming  here  to  speak  to  or 
enquire  after  them.    Nothing  else  occurred  to  day. 

9"*  ditto.  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  departed  in  Dirick  Smith's  yacht,  took  with  him  all  the 
Marseping  Indians  and  40  of  the  military.  Sent  no  escort  to  the  river  side  with  them.  Nothing 
else  happened.    The  horse  which  we  left  on  the  expedition  returned  back  to  Wildwyck  to  day. 

lO*!"  ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen — they  returned  about  noon  as 
it  began  to  rain  hard.    Louis,  the  Waloon,  went  to  day  to  fetch  liis  oxen  whicli  had  gone  back  of 


» 


r 


54 


JOURNAL  OF  THE  SECOND    E80PVS    WAR. 


Juriaeu  Westpliaclen's  land.  As  he  was  about  to  drive  home  the  oxflb,  three  Indians,  who  lay  in  the 
bush  and  intended  to  seize  hini,  leaped  forth.  When  one  of  these  shot  at  him  witli  an  arrow  but 
only  slightly  wounded  liim,  Louis,  having  a  piece  of  a  palisade  in  his  hand,  struck  the  Indian  on  the 
breast  with  it  so  that  he  staggered  back,  and  Louis  escaped  throujd^the  kill,  and  came  thence  and 
brought  tlie  news  into  the  fort,  whereupon  two  detachments  wei-e  instantly  despatched  to  attack 
them,  but  they  had  taken  to  flight  and  retreated  into  the  woods.  And  although  a  party  searched  for 
them  an  hour  they  could  not  discover  them ;  they  thereupon  returned  toWildwyck.  No  other  liarm 
was  done  by  the  three  Indians.  This  evening  the  Company's  yacht  arrived  at  the  Redoubt. 
Notlxing  else  occurred  to  day. 

11  til  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen  and  one  in  ambush; 
returned  in  the  evening  without  seeing  any  thing. 

I2t>>  ditto.  Two  parties  were  again  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen.  About  noon,  to  day, 
Reyntje  Pieters  came  from  fort  Orange  witli  his  yacht  in  which  also  arrived  Thomas  Chambers  and 
Evert  Pels.  Brought  news  that  Peter  the  Fleming,  residing  on  tlie  East  shore  opposite  Bethleliem 
had  been  warned  by  a  Mohawk  to  depart  if  lie  wish  not  to  be  killed,  for  he  said  that  all  the  Indians 
on  the  East  side  of  fort  Orange  river  had  assembled  and  were  to  come  in  five  days  to  attack  fort 
Orange.  This  Indian  had  given  liim  this  warning,  he  being  his  great  Xytap '  and  tlie  Mahicauders 
and  the  CattskUI  Indians  had  all  abandoned  their  maize  plantations  ;  yea,  had  oifered  to  sell  divers 
maize  plantations  to  the  Dutch  for  a  piece  of  cloth.  Peter  the  Fleming  brought  this  news  to  Fort 
Orange  on  Monday,  being  the  7">  of  October,  the  day  before  he  left  fort  Orange  with  the  yacht. 
Now,  the  result  hereof  time  will  determine.  I  also  received  a  letter  from  Cattskill,  from  Elbert 
Herbertsen  which  I  enclose  to  your  Honors.  It  is  dated  26'i>  September.  In  like  manner  Capt 
Thomas  Chambers  informs  me  that  many  of  the  Dutch  of  Fort  Orange  are  removing  in  canoes  the 
corn  from  the  Indians'  plantations  whicli  had  been  abandoned  by  the  Indians.  This  Mohawk  had 
also  said  that  five  Indian  Nations  had  assembled  together  ;  namely  the  Maliicanders,  the  Catskills, 
the  Wappingers,  those  of  Esopus  besides  another  tribe  of  Indians  that  dwell  half  way  between  Fort 
Orange  and  Hartford.  Now,  time  will  tell  what  there  is  herein.  He  said  their  place  of  meeting 
was  on  the  east  side  of  the  fort  Orange  river,  about  three  miles  inland  from  Claverack,  and  that  they 
were  about  five  hundred  stiong.  Sent  two  escorts  to  the  river  side  to  fetch  up  the  Hon>>i«  Com- 
pany's goods.  They  returned  to  Wildwyck  together  with  the  detachments  that  had  been  out  in  the 
field  with  the  ploughmen.    Saw  nothing. 

13  ditto.  The  Company's  yacht  returned  to  the  Mauhataus;  the  same  day  two  yachts  also 
arrived  from  the  Manhatans  and  sailed  for  fort  Orange,  after  having  touched  at  the  Redoubt.  A 
detachment  was  out  in  the  field  with  the  plough  men  and  one  in  ambush,  and  I  sent  an  escort  to 
the  river  side.  The  beer  sent  up  by  the  Heer  General  was  likewise  distributed,  to  day,  to  the 
soldiers.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

14'i>  ditto;  Sunday — notliing  to  note  except  that  I  sent  a  convoy  in  the  evening  to  the  river  side  to 
drive  up  some  cattle  which  had  arrived  from  Fort  Orange. 

15  ditto.  Communicated  another  Order  to  the  W.  Court  relative  to  the  nou  repairs  of  the 
fortress  of  Wildwyck.    It  is  verbally  as  follows : 

"  Whereas  an  ^de  dated  23<i  August  has  been  communicated  to  the  Schout  &  Commissaries  of  this 
Village  Wildwyck  respecting  the  repair  of  this  fortress  of  Wildwyck  and  notliing  resulted  therefrom 
to  this  date,  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  do,  therefore,  again  recommend  and  order  the 
W.  Court  of  this  Village  of  Wildwyck  to  cause  the  said  fortress  to  be  properly  secured  by  the 

1  An  Algonkin  word  moaning,  "  Fiiond."    Eu. 


JOURNAL   OF   THE   SICOND   ESOPl'S    WAR. 


55 


Commonalty  of  this  Village  against  all  unexpected  attacks  as  necessity  requires  it,  and  the  fort  lies 
open  at  divers  points  as  the  W.  Court  can  itself  see  in  what  state  it  at  present  is  :  Wherefore  the 
W.  Court  of  tliis  Village  of  Wildwyck  is  again  condescendingly  requested  to  b«  pleased  to  givt 
orders  to  repair  the  above  mentioned  fort  in  a  proper  manner,  and  in  default  thereof  the  Capt. 
Lieutenant  and  Council  of  War  do  hereby  protest,  should  any  attack  be  made  by  our  enemies  on 
this  fortress,  that  they  hold  themselves  guiltless  thereof,  this  fortress  being  at  present  incapable 
of  defence — and  there  appears  no  disposition  as  yet  to  repair  it — although  the  said  Capt.  Lieu- 
tenant and  Council  of  War  will  perform  their  duty  with  the  force  entrusted  to  them  by  the  Supreme 
Government  and  shall  constantly  hold  themselves  in  readiness,  both  in  garrison  and  in  the  field,  to 
maintain  this  place  for  the  public  interest,  trusting  that  the  W.  Court  will  please  to  give  order  herein 
to  their  Commonalty  for  the  proper  reparation  thereof,  wliloh  awaiting  &c.  Done,  WUdwyck  Ib*^ 
Sber  1663."  . 

Two  convoys  were  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen  and  one  in  ambush ;  saw  nothing  diuring 
the  day.  Hans  the  Norman  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  with  his  yacht  from  fort  Orange ;  reports  that  full 
seven  thousand  Indians  had  assembled  at  Claverack,  on  the  east  side,  about  three  miles  inland,  but 
he  knows  not  with  what  intent.  Now  what  this  can  mean,  whether  it  be  true  or  not,  we  cannot 
determine,  but  in  my  opinion  it  looks  somewhat  like  fiction.    Meanwhile,  nothing  else  riccturred. 

16t>>  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  again  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  an  escort  was  also 
down  to  the  river  side.    They  returned  and  nothing  else  happened. 

17ti>  ditto.  Two  detachments  were  again  abroad  with  the  ploughmen,  and  likewise  one  in 
ambush  and  had  another  as  an  escort  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  occurred  to-day.  An  Ordinance 
was,  this  day,  drawn  up  by  the  Council  of  War  for  the  Soldiers  at  the  Redoubt  and  posted  there. 
It  reads  as  follows  : 


"  Ordinance  made  by  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  awd  Valiant  Council  of  War  commanding 
the  military  troops  at  Wildvayck,  and  dependancies,  for  the  military  stationed  at 
present  at  the  Redoubt. 

"  Whereas  by  daily  experience  we  learn  that  some  remove  from  the  Redoubt  to  the  village  of 
Wildwyck  without  the  consent  or  order  of  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  or  other  officers,  the  Capt.  Lieutenant 
and  Valiant  Council  of  War,  therefore,  wisliing  to  prevent  all  irregularities  and  infractions  of 
military  discipline  herein  order  and  direct  the  olficer  and  the  military  under  his  command  stationed 
at  the  Redoubt,  not  to  remove  himself,  from  the  Redoubt,  much  less  to  send  any  of  his  command 
hither  to  the  Village  of  Wildtoyck  without  proper  consent  of  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  or  other  Com- 
mander who  represents  him  for  the  time,  nor  without  being  accompanied  by  a  proper  escort  on  pain 
of  being  arbitrarily  punished  by  Court  Martial.  Thus  done  by  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  and  Valiant 
Council  of  war  in  the  fortress  Wildwyck  the  17««  Sb",  1G63." 

ISth  ditto.  Received  an  answer  from  the  Court  of  this  village  <o  the  Order  sent  to  them  the  15"> 
October,  respecting  the  non-repair  of  the  fortress  Wildwyck.    It  reads  as  follows : 

"  The  W.  Court  having  read  the  order  dated  the  1  b^  Bi"',  sent  hither  by  the  Cap*  Lieutenant 
to  the  W:  Court,  which  is  therein  requested  to  repair  and  renew  the  palisades  of  tliis  Village  of 
Wildwyck,  so  that  the  same  may  be  in  a  state  of  defence,  the  W.  Court  finds  that  necessity  reqiiires 
that  this  village  be  properly  secured  and  protected  by  setting  up  of  good  palisades  ;  the  W.  Court, 
therefore,  orders  and  directs  that  each  farmer  shall  duely  set  up  and  repair  the  old,  with  new, 
palisades  in  front  of  his  lot ;  and  the  others,  being  inhabitants  or  Burghers  occupying  34  lots  in 
this  village,  shall  be  obliged  properly  to  repair  and  set  up  new  palisades  in  place  of  the  old,  from 
the  Water  gate  along  the  curtains  unto  the  lot  of  Arent  Pietersen  Tack,  the  new  palisades  being 


If 


''\i 


56 


JOURNAL   OF   THE   SECOND   E80PUS    WAR. 


at  least  two  feet  in  circumference,  but  tlie  tlilcker  the  l)etter,  and  13  feet  in  length,  according  to  the 
circumstances  of  tlie  case  to  be  determined  by  the  W.  Court.  Tliis  renewal  and  setting  up  shall 
commence  next  Monday,  being  the  22<)  October.  Wherefore  every  inhabitant  is  hereby  notified  to 
appear  at  7  o'clock  on  the  day  aforesaid,  at  the.  gate  near  Hendrick  Jochemsen's,  there,  as  his  name 
is  called,  to  proceed  to  work  aforesaid,  and  to  continue  at  it  until  the  same  shall  be  completed,  on 
pain,  in  case  of  neglect  or  unwillingness,  of  paying  for  the  first  ofience  three  guilders ;  for  the 
second  offence  double  as  much,  and  so  on  adding  tliree  guilders.  Thus  done  at  the  Court  of  the 
Sherilf  and  Commissaries  of  this  village  Wildwyck,  this  16ti>  October,  1663,  (Under  written)  By 
order  of  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  aforesaid.    (Signed)  Mattheus  Capito,  Secretary. 

Two  detachments  were  out  in  the  field  to-day  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  at  the  Redoubt  by 
the  river  side.    Nothing  else  was  done  to-day. 

19t>>  ditto.    Two  detachments  were  out  again  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  to  the  river  side ;  a 
party  was,  also,  in  ambush  to  make  some  discovery  ;  but  did  not  see  any.  thing. 

20'>>  ditto.    Three  detaclunents  were  out  in  the  field  again  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  in 
ambush,  but  did  not  remark  any  thing.    An  escort  was  also  down  to  the  river  side  at  the  Redoubt. 

21  »*  ditto.    Sunday ;  nothing  occurred. 

22<i  ditto.  Three  detachments  were  agam  out  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  in  ambush  as 
scouting.    An  escort  was  likewise  sent  down  to  the  river  side ;  they  did  not  see  any  thing. 

23^  ditto.    Three  detachments  were  again  out  with  the  ploughmen,  but  saw  nothing. 

24"!  ditto.  Two  parties  were  again  out  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  I  was  until  evening 
with  a  party  in  ambush,  but  did  not  perceive  any  thing. 

25*'*  ditto.  Two  escorts  were  again  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  to  the  river  side. 
Nothing  happened. 

26»>  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  woods  with  those  cutting  palisades,  and  another  party  was  in 
ambush,  but  saw  nothing. 

27U>  ditto.  An  escort  was  in  the  field  with  the  ploughmen,  and  one  in  ambush,  and  another  to 
the  river  side.    Nothing  else  was  done. 

28ti>  ditto.    Sundav.    Nothing  occurred. 

29i'>  ditto.  Two  parties  were  out ;  one  with  the  wood  cutters,  the  other  in  ambush — ^but  saw 
nothing. 

30'''  ditto.  A  detachment  was  in  the  woods  with  those  cutting  palisades,  and  a  party  to  the  river 
side,  and  also  a  troop  in  the  woods  scouting ;  did  not  see  any  thing. 

31*t  ditto.  Gerrit  Abel  was  tried  before  the  Valiant  Court  Martial  for  his  offence  committed  on 
the'29»"  October  and  is  sentenced  by  the  Court  as  follows : — 

"  Whereas  Gerret  Abel  being  in  command  at  the  Redoubt,  hath  in  contravention  to  the  ordinance 
dated  17U>  S*"'  enacted  by  the  Valiant  Council  of  War  and  posted  at  the  Redoubt,  proceeded  to  the 
village  of  Wildwyck  on  last  Monday  the  29t>>  October,  without  leave,  escort  or  any  necessary  business, 
but  merely  to  get  drunk,  as  actually  happened,  which  being  notified  to  the  Capt  Lieutenant,  he 
caused  him  to  be  placed  under  arrest,  and  to  be  tried  this  day,  31  •>  October,  before  the  Valiant 
Court  Martial  and  prosecuted  for  this  his  committed  offence,  for  which  the  Capt  Lieutenant  demands 
the  Valiant  Council  of  War  duly  to  punish  the  accused  Gerret  Abel. 

"  The  accused  gave  as  an  excuse  for  his  coming  here  to  WUdvoyck  that  he  wanted  to  get  a  skepel 
of  wheat  ground,  and  as  it  could  not  be  immediately  ground  for  liim,  he  was  to  a  friend's  with 
whom  he  drank  half  a  pint.  And  the  accused  having  heard  the  charge  aforesaid,  acknowledges  to 
have  transgressed  the  ordinance  above  mentioned,  and  supplicates  herein,  not  justice,  but  mercy. 

«  The  Valiant  Council  of  War  having  maturely  considered  this  matter ;  that  a  soldier  and  more 


i 


JOURNAL   OF    THE   kRCONU    UUPVS   WAR. 


6V 


especially  one  who  is  in  command  over  others  hath  deserved  punishment  for  his  committed  offence 
according  to  the  complaint  and  confession ;  seeing  tliat  the  prisoner's  excuse  hath  no  foundation, 
sentence  tlie  accused  Ctorret  Abel,  to  be  oismissed  from  his  post  of  Cadet  {.Mddborat)  and  to  be 
reduced  to  the  ranks  {Schildergattendienst  te  dom)  at  8fl.  per  montli,  and  to  remain  at  the  Redoubt 
until  further  orders,  he  Gerret  Abel  being  unfit  to  perlbrm  the  duty  of  Cadet.  Done  at  Wildwyck 
the  31*t  October  1663.   (Subscribed)  Marten  Cregier,  Christiaek  Niessen,  Thomab  Chambers,  Evert 

WlLLEM  MUMNICK,  JaN  PeERSEN,  JoNAS  RaNTSON." 

Same  day,  a  detachment  was  out  in  tlie  woods  with  the  wood  cutters  and  one  in  ambush  scouting, 
but  they  did  not  see  any  thing. 

November  the  1**.  A  party  was  in  ambush,  and  a  detachment  with  the  wood  cutters ;  saw 
nothing. 

2>>d  ditto,    A  detachment  was  out  with  the  wood  cutters  and  another  in  ambush  to  scout. 

3*1  ditto.  A  detachment  was  down  at  the  river  side  to  •  tiry  rations  to  the  people  at  the  Redoubt, 
and  another  party  was  at  the  Great  Plot,  but  did  not  notice  any  thing.  .,.,,  .      ,    ...   ,,.  -e--.  . 

4'*>  ditto.    Sunday.    Nothing  done. 

5^  ditto.  An  escort  was  down  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up  some  supplies  and  people  that  had 
ai lived  from  the  Manhatans  in  Lucassen's  yacht,  they  being  freemen  belonging  to  WUdtoyck.  A 
party  was  also  out  in  the  bush  with  the  wood  cutters.    Nothing  else  happened. 

6^  ditto.  Ordered  two  soldiers  to  accompany  Arent  Moesman  to  Bteren  island  n«ar  fort  Orange. ' 
An  escort  was  also  to  the  river  side  and  being  near  the  Redoubt  lay  there  in  ambush  until  the  eve- 
ning, but  saw  nothing.  Another  party  25  in  number  was  at  the  Great  Plot ;  they  returned  in  the 
evening,  without  having  remarked  any  thing. 

1*^  ditto ;  Wednesday.  Tliis  being  a  day  of  Prayer  {Bededag)  nothing  was  done.  In  the  evening 
Pieter  Wolfertsen  arrived  at  the  Redoubt  with  Rut  Jacobsen's  yacht ;  brouglit  with  him  two 
Christian  children  which  he  had  in  exchange  from  the  Esopus  Indians  for  a  Squaw  with  a  big  girl ; 
brought  back  the  other  Indian  prisoners  ,  brought  also  the  Wappinger  Sachem  whom  Couwenhoven 
had  detained  in  the  yacht ;  says  a  Christian  woman  is  kept  a  prisoner  by  the  Wappingers,  and  that  he 
had  detained  the  Chief  in  her  stead  until  they  should  surrender  the  Clmstiau  woman.  Nothing  ehe 
occurred.  Sent  an  escort  to  the  river  side  to  bring  up  the  two  captive  children.  Couwenhoven 
said  that  he  has  concluded  a  ten  days'  truce  with  the  Esopus  Sachem. 

S^h  ditto.  Have  been,  myself,  with  an  escort  to  the  riverside  to  bring  up  to  Wildwyck  the  Esopus 
Indian  prisoners  &  the  children  with  the  Wappinger  Indian  captive,  being  in  all  9  in  number.  On 
arriving  at  the  shore,  found  the  Wappinger  Chief  and  also  one  of  his  Indians  on  board  Rut  Jacobsen's 
Tacht.  Asked  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven,  what  were  these  two  Indians  fori  Said  it  was  the  Sachem 
of  the  Wappingers  with  one  of  his  Indians  whom  he  had  brought  along  but  not  as  a  prisoner — ^had 
come  willingly  on  board  as  a  friend.  Asked  him.  If  he  would  wish  to  return  home  and  endeavor 
to  let  us  have  the  female  christitm  captive]  To  which  he  answered,  yes ;  says,  he  will  bring  her 
himself  in  six  or  seven  days.  Whereupon  the  Council  of  War  decided  that  he  and  the  Indian  with 
him,  should  be  released,  and  as  they  were  at  present  our  friends  and  had  renewed  peace  we  promised 
him  if  he  brought  back  the  Christian  woman  we  should  then  let  his  brother  go  together  with  another 
prisoner.  Whereunto  he  said,  'Tis  well ;  gave  him  a  bark  canoe  &  let  him  go.  Nothing  else  hap- 
pened to-day  as  it  rained  unceasingly. 

9f>  ditto.  It  still  rained  considerably.  Sent  an  escort  to  the  river  side  ;  Rut  Jaoobsen  sailed  with 
his  Yacht  for  fort  Orange.    Nothing  else  happened. 


I 


Vol..  IV. 


1  This  Island  is  opposite  Coeymans. 
8 


Ed. 


iwAmUM  mmmimm 


58 


JOVKHAL  or  THt  lECOMD  NOPVtf  WAR. 


10<*  ditto.    A  detaohment  was  out  with  the  wood  cutters ;  nothing  else  occurred, 
f    lit*  ditto     Sunday,  nothing  was  done  except  sending  a  party  to  the  river  side  with  bread  for  the 
people  in  the  Redoubt.  ..  v 

.  12*^  ditto.  A  detachment  was  out  in  the  bush  with  the  woodcutters.  Nothing  else  transpired. 
**  13(1'  ditto.  The  Company's  Taoht  arrived  ;  brings  some  provisions  for  the  garrison ;  also  arrived 
at  the  Redoubt  a  Wappinger  Sachem  with  eight  Indians,  bringing  a  female  Christian  Captive  wliom 
he  had  purchased  from  the  Esopus  Indians  and  which  he  had  promised  us  on  the  8^  inst.  on  board 
Rut  Jaoobson's  Yacht.  The  Council  of  War  resolved  that  he  and  his  attending  Indians  should  be 
brought  up  to  Wiidwyck;  titey  were  accordingly  conducted  up  by  Lieutenant  Couwenhoven  and 
Captain  Thomas  Chambers  and  brought  to  Wiltkoyck.  Sent  for  him  to  the  Council  of  War  and  asked, 
what  he  had  to  communicate?  He  answered,  I  am  come  to  perform  my  promise  which  I  gave  on 
board  the  Yacht  at  the  Redoubt,  to  bring  in  the  Christian  Woman  whom  I  bought  from  the  Esopus 
Squaw,  and  I  bring  and  present  her  to  you  now,  because  we  are  both  friends.  Whereupon  we 
thanked  him  and  said,  that  we  should  speak  together  on  the  morrow.  Lodged  them  in  Capt.  Cham- 
bers house  and  had  food  fUrnished  tliem.  Meanwhile  a  detachment  went  down  to  the  river  side. 
Otherwise  nothing  occurred  to-day. 

'  14^  ditto.  The  Council  of  War  met  again  and  resolved  to  release  the  Wappinger  Indian,  and  to 
give  him  back  to  the  Chief  with  one  of  the  Esopus  captive  Squaws,  pursuant  to  our  previous 
promise,  made  on  the  eight  of  November  to  the  Wappinger  Chief,  on  board  the  Yacht  at  the  Redoubt. 
Invited  the  Chief  and  his  Indians  into  the  Coundl  chamber  and  presented  him  the  Esopus  Squaiv 
and  a  little  sucking  infant,  which  they  took ;  presented  him  also  with  two  pieces  of  cloth  in  token 
of  friendship.  The  Chief  then  retjuested  that  we  should  live  with  him  in  friendship,  which  should 
be  preserved  by  him.  He  gave  us,  In  token  thereof,  a  Bow  and  arrow  and  said,  I  will  not  make  war 
against  the  Dutch,  but  live  in  peace  with  tliem.  We  promised  him  likewise ;  gave  each  other  the 
hand,  and  the  said  chief  promised  us  to  do  his  best  to  obtain  l>ack  for  us  all  the  prisoners  from  the 
Esopus  Indians  that  a  mutual  exchange  should  be  made ;  for  to  morrow  being  Thiursday,  the  Esopus 
Sachem  would  then  come  with  the  prisoners  according  to  the  promise  he  gave  Lieutenant  Couwen- 
hoven and  the  provisional  truce  agreed  upon  for  ten  days  with  him,  for  he  had  promised  to  fetch 
the  Christian  prisoners  to  the  Redoubt  in  the  space  of  ten  days,  to  be  then  exchanged  one  for  the 
other.  Now,  what  the  result  will  be,  when  the  ten  days  are  expired,  time  will  teU.  So  they  again 
departed  weU  satisfied.  Gave  them  an  escort  to  conduct  them  to  the  river  side,  and  the  Council 
resolved  that  the  sloop  shall  remain  until  the  expiration  of  the  time  agreed  upon  between  Lieutenant 
Couwenhoven  and  the  Esopus  Sachem  on  the  6*^  Novemtier,  on  board  the  Sloop  in  the  Wappinger 
Creek,  to  wit :  that  the  Esopus  Chief  should  bring  up  all  the  Christian  prisoners  to  the  Redoubt  to 
exchange  them  then,  one  for  another,  whereupon  a  ten  days'  truce  was  mutuaUy  agreed  to.  A  soldier 
namedlurien  Hehn  died  to  day.  An  eseort  was  also  down  to  the  river  side.  Nothing  else  occurred 
today. 

15t>> ditto.  A  vessel  arrived  from  fort  Orange  with  cattle;  sent  a  convoy  to  the  river  side. 
Nothing  else  happened. 

letb  ditto.  Another  detaohment  was  down  to  the  river.  A  yacht  bound  for  the  Manhatans 
arrived  from  fort  Orange  to  day.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

17*  ditto.  Arranged  every  thing  in  order  and  departed  with  some  ot  the  Military  for  the  Man- 
hatans leaving  in  Wthlunnk  about  sixty  soldiers  under  the  command  of  Ensign  Chrlstlaen 
Niessen.* 


That  part  of  tlie  Jotirnitl  between  Atterisin,  which  fbllowa,  is  by  Ensign  NfsMen.    Bd. 


JOUlUiAL  OF  THK  ■KCOMO  UOPl'S   WAB. 


59 


18ti>  Sunday.  After  Capt  Lieutenant  Martin  Cregiers  departure  yesterday,  Juu  Hendricksen  Van 
Baal  came  the  fourth  person  up  to  Wlldwyclc.  He  arrived  from  the  Mauliatans  in  M'.  Abra- 
ham's ■  yacht  and  reported  that  two  Dutchmen  were  icllled  by  the  Savages  between  Gemonapa' 
and  the  Maize  land.    Had  them  escorted,  on  their  return,  to  the  river  side.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

10^  ditto.  Sent  another  party  to  the  Redoubt  and  had  provisions  brought  up.  Discliarged  one 
man  at  the  Redoubt  and  sent  two  others  thither  j  alsO)  distributed  powder  to  the  men,  half  a  poun4 
to  each.    Nothing  else  done.  ■    .^  n ..  ,  <    .  ■  >;  ;;  •    :"   -.    i  >     r 

20^  ditto.    Sent  a  detachment  to  the  woods  to  draw  out  timber.    This  was  all  that  occurred. 

21'' ditto.    Nothing  happened.  . 

22<i  ditto.    Sent  a  detachment  to  the  river  side.    Otlierwise  nothing  occurred. 

23<i  ditto.    The  only  thing  done  to  day  was  to  send  another  party  to  the  river  side  with  grain. 

24^  ditto.  Tlie  yachts  of  Reyndert  Pietersen  and  tlie  Spaniard  arrived  at  the  Redoubt ;  sent  an 
escort  thither.    No  other  occurrence  took  place. 

25^>>  ditto.    Sunday.    Nothing  happened. 

26^  ditto.  Sent  down  an  escort  to  the  river  side  to  letch  up  the  Hon^ie  Company's  supplies.  No 
otlier  circumstance  occurred. 

27^  ditto.    Sent  another  convoy  to  the  river  side  to  take  down  grain.    Otherwise  nothing  happened. 

28t>>  ditto.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  a  Wappinger  Indian  came  to  Wildwyck  with  a 
flag  of  truce  ;  reports  that  a  Wappinger  Sachem  lay  at  the  river  side  near  the  Redoubt  with  venison 
and  wished  to  have  a  wagon  to  convey  tlie  venison  up  fur  sale,  wliich  was  refused.  The  said  Indian 
told  me  that  the  Sachem  had  not  much  to  say ;  added  ftirther,  that  the  Hackingsack  Indians  had 
represented  that  four  of  the  Esopus  Indians  prisoners  in  our  hands,  had  died.  Whereupon  the  Indian 
prisoners  were  brought  out  to  the  gate  to  him,  to  prove  to  him  that  they  were  still  living  and  well. 
Sent  him  down  inmediately,  to  his  Sachem  at  the  river  side,  to  say  to  him  that  we  should  come  to 
him  to  morrow. 

29ti>  ditto.  At  day  break  had  notice  given  that  those  who  were  desirous  of  purchasing  venison  front 
the  Indians  should  go  along  with  the  escort  to  the  river  side.  Accompanied  the  detachment  to  the 
sliore  and  conversed  with  the  Sachem  in  the  presence  of  Capt  Thomas  Chambers  and  Sergeant  Jail 
Peersen.  He  said,  lie  had  been  to  receive  the  Christian  prisoners  and  should  have  had  them  with 
us  before,  had  he  not  unfortunately  burnt  himself  in  his  sleep  when  lying  l)efoi-e  the  fire ;  shewed  us 
his  buttock  with  the  mark  of  the  burn  which  was  very  large ;  Also  said,  tliat  six  Christian  Captives 
were  together  at  the  river  side,  and  gave  ten  fathom  of  Sewan  to  another  Indian  to  look  up  the 
seventh  Cliristian  who  is  Albert  Heyman's  oldest  daughter,  promising  us  positively  that  he  should 
restore  all  the  Christian  prisoners  to  us  in  the  course  of  three  days,  provided  it  did  not  blow  too  hard 
from  the  North  ;  otlierwise,  he  could  not  come  betbre  the  fourth  day.  We,  then,  parted  after  he  had, 
meanwhile,  sold  his  venison.    He  left  immediately  in  his  canoe. 

30''>.    Sent  an  escort  to  tlie  river  side  with  grain.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

I't  December.  The  only  circumstance  that  happened  to  day  was  the  sending  away  the  three 
ludians  with  a  letter  to  the  Honbi*  Ueer  Director  General  and  Council  of  New  Netherland,  to  whom 
tlie  following  was  written  in  haste. 

"  Noble,  Respected,  Right  honoui-able,  Wise,  Prudent  and  most  discreet  Loixls—  '' 

"  To  be  brief,  we  could  not  omit  advising  Your  Honoiu^  that  three  Indians  arrived  here  yesterday, 
bieing  come,  as  tliey  said  from  the  Mauhatans,  with  an  open  letter,  being  a  pass  not  to  commit  any 
hostility  against  tlieir  people  to  this  date.     But  we  cannot  determine  what  sinister  design  these 


i; 


II  ^ 

.ll: 
f , 

il: 


1  Abraham  St«A(« 


2  Now  Communepaw  N.J. 


# 


JOVRMAL  OF  THE   UtiOOm  tMOWM   WAR. 


Indians  may  have  recourse  to  under  cover  of  tliis  pass.  We  maintain  that  such  and  other  Indians 
resort  liere  with  such  passes,  to  spy  out  this  our  place.  Meanwhile,  we  being  on  our  gtiard,  placed 
sentinels  every  where  before  them,  to  prevent  them  passing  through  the  village  to  examine  and  pry 
into  it,  as  they  are  strongly  inclined  to  do.  In  the  meantime  we  inform  your  Honours  that  on  the 
day  before  yesterday  tlie  Wapplnger  Sachem  came  with  venison  to  the  Retlouht,  and  we  have  had  u 
talk  with  him,  and  he  promsied  us,  among  other  things,  to  bring  us  hither  all  the  Christian  prisoners, 
witliin  tliree  or  four  days,  according  to  the  entries  in  our  daily  Journal  which  Your  Honors  shall 
receive  from  us  by  the  first  Yaclit.  Done,  Wildtvyck  this  first  December  1663.  (Was  subscribed) 
Christiaen  Niessen,  Thomas  Chambers." 

2<i  ditto.  Sunday.  Noticing  happened,  except  that  on  account  of  the  hard  frost,  I  requested  the 
skippers  of  the  vessels  to  go  down  to  the  Redoubt  to  examine  their  Yachts  which  they  consented  to 
do.  In  the  afternoon,  after  the  Sermon,  sent  a  party  to  the  shore  to  take  down  grain  and  to  put  it 
on  board. 

S""  ditto.    Tlie  military  Council  having  met,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted  : —       '* '  '  -•'" ' 

"Ensign  Christiaen  Niessen  proposes  to  send  down,  pursuant  to  despatches  from  the  Honi><« 
Director  General  and  Council,  the  saddles,  pistols,  holsters  &  carbines,  the  best  whereof  was  left  by 
Capt.  Lieutenant  Martin  Cregier  and  remains  with  the  Clerk,  Mattheus  Capito,  as  appears  also  by 
letters  from  the  Capt.  Lieutenant  aforesaid  together  with  the  three  metal  guns  and  their  accou- 
trements as  they  were  used  in  the  field,  and  also  one  sail. 

"  The  Military  Council  decided  that  it  was  impossible,  in  view  of  the  approaching  winter,  to 
send  the  articles  down  at  present  as  here  at  Wildwyck  we  have  no  smith  sufficiently  expert  to 
repair  the  arms,  and  as  the  Wappingers  cpme  almost  daily  under  pretence  of  exchanging  Christians, 
to  spy  out  this  place  which  already  hath  sufiered  massacre  enough,  and  consequently,  if  the  articles 
in  readiness  were  sent  away  (which  would  be  publicly  seen  by  other  tribes  of  Indians)  two  massacres 
(which  God  forbid!)  may  occur  through  want  of  all  adequate  means,  save  God's  Providence. 

t(  2<>*l>7.  The  Ensign  aforesaid  moves,  inasmuch  as  the  setting  out  of  the  palisades  is  found  as  yet 
to  be  for  the  greater  part  inadequate  and^^  not  in  accordance  with  the  Capt.  Lieutenant's  request, 
and  as  In  many  places  palisades  have  been  removed  from  the  curtains  and  not  replaced  by  others, 
much  less  attention  paid  to  setting  out  the  same,  to  the  imminent  ruin  and  destruction  of  this 
Village  of  WHdwyck,  which  God  forfend  ;  and  demands  further  that  the  inhabitants  of  Wildvayck 
may  be  notified  by  the  W.  Court  to  put  the  fort  in  a  suitable  state  of  defence  within  tlie  space  of  three 
days,  and  in  default  or  neglect  thereof,  that  he  do  it  with  the  best  means  he  may  at  present  find  at 
hand,  and  demand  repayment  therefor  when  done,  from  the  W.  Court  at  Wildwyck. 

"  The  Military  Council  uniinintously  resolved  that  for  the  due  execution  of  said  proposal,  it  be 
forthwith  communicated  to  the  W.  Court  in  Wildwyck,  and  that  they  answer  the  same  without 
delay.  (Signed)  Thomas  Chambers,  Hendkick  Jochems,  Jan  Peersen,  Evert  Pels,  Jonas  Kantsou, 
Walran  du  Mono,  Antonie  delava." 

Also,  sent  a  convoy  down  in  the  morning  with  grain  to  the  river  side,  which  on  returning 
brought  up  the  Wappinger  Sachem  and  his  wife,  and  Spiitnose,  tlie  Indian  last  taken  by  us.  Which 
Sachem  brought  with  him  two  captive  Christian  children,  staling  to  us  that  he  could  not,  pursuant  to 
his  previous  promise  of  the  29»>  Xovember,  bring  along  witli  hiiu  the  remainder,  being  still  five 
Clu-istian  captives,  because  three  were  at  their  hunting  grotmds,  and  he  could  not  find  them,  but 
that  another  Indian  was  out  looking  for  theiu  ;  the  two  others  are  in  his  vicinity,  the  Squaw  wlio 
keeps  them  prisoner  will  not  let  them  go,  because  she  is  very  sick  and  hath  no  cliildren,  and  expects 
soon  to  die  ;  and  when  he  can  get  All)ert  lleymans'  oldest  daughter,  wlio  is  also  at  the  hunting 
ground,  and  whom  he  hath  already  purchased  and  paid  for  ;  then  he  shall  bring  the  remainder  of  tlio 


JOOKMAL   or   THK  BtXONU    UOPUM    WAR. 


61 


Christian  captives  along.  For  the  two  Christian  children  which  he  hath  brought  with  him,  an  Indian 
child  Is  given  him,  being  a  little  girl,  and  three  pieces  of  cloth,  with  which  he  was  content.  In  the 
afternoon,  Jeronimus  Ebbing,  Nioolaes  Meyer  and  Frederick  the  Hon<>>«  Company's  late  carpenter, 
went  down  unescorted  to  the  Redoubt,  with  six  wagon  loads  of  grain,  not  being  willing  to  wait  Ibr 
the  writings  and  letters  which  should  be  sent  by  them  to  the  Heertn  Director  General  and  OounoU 
of  N.  Netherland ;  and  the  Skipper  Lucas  Andriessen,  also,  said  that  he  would  not  wait  for  the 
Director  General's  nor  any  man's  letters  but  be  off,  as  tlie  wind  was  fair.* 

19^  ditto.  About  tliree  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  we  started  IVom  the  Manhatans  for  the  Esopua 
in  the  Hon*'i*  Company's  Yacht,  witli  a  W.  S  west  wind ;  arrived  that  night  at  Tafppanjhook,* 
where  we  cast  anchor  as  it  was  calm  and  the  ebb  was  running  against  us. 

20U>  ditto.  Weighed  anchor  about  eight  o'clock  and  dritted  upward  with  the  flood,  but  about  10 
o'clock  the  wind  came  up  from  the  Nortli— so  that  we  could  make  sail  and  weathered  the  Highland 
to  day,  where  we  came  to  anchor  anew,  as  the  flood  was  again  gone ;  saw  an  Indian  paddle  across 
the  river  in  a  canoe,  but  he  was  a  full  half  mile  from  us.    Nothing  else  occurred  to  day. 

21  •*  ditto.  The  flood  set  in  about  two  hours  before  day  ;  ran  thnnigh  the  Highlands ;  having  got 
through  which,  we  caught  a  soutliern  breeze  but  at  day  break  It  becnme  calm  again  ;  so  ran  by  the 
Kumer  and  arrived  this  night  about  10  o'clock  at  the  mouth  of  the  Esopus  Kill.  Despatcheil  a  man 
up  witii  a  note  to  Ensign  Nyssen  to  send  down  some  wagons  in  the  morning  with  an  escort  to 
convey  up  the  Hon'»i«  Company's  supplies  wliich  were  sent  for  the  garrison. 

22').  About  9  o'clock  tlie  escort  arrived  at  tlie  l)each  with  tiie  wagons;  entered  the  kill  with 
the  yacht  in  order  to  discharge  tlie  goods ;  remained  this  night  in  tlie  kill  in  front  of  tlie  Keduuitt ; 
It  th)ze  during  the  night  so  hard  that  the  yacht  was  hemmed  in  by  the  ice ;  arrived  at  Wildwytk 
about  noon ;  sent  a  convoy  to  haul  stone. 

23'' ditto.    Sunday.    No  business. 

24">  ditto.  Monday.  Assembled  the  Sheriff  and  Commissaries  of  tlie  Village  Wlldwyck  and 
lianded  them  the  letter  sent  to  them  by  the  Hon>>)*  Director  General  and  Council  and  dischai^d 
Sheriff'  Swartwout  from  his  office  and  put  [Mattheus  Caplto]  provisionally  in  his  place  and  pre. 
sented  ^m  to  the  Court  of  WUdxoyck  according  to  order,  wliom  the  said  Coh  missaries  congratulate<l 
and  were  well  pleased  with ;  tliey  promised  honestly  to  obey  what  the  Heer  Director  Genertd  and 
Council  have  been  pleased  to  order.  A  party  was  sent  to  the  Great  Plot  to  cut  oats  which  hap- 
pened to  be  late  in  ripening,  as  nn  opportunity  now  presented  to  cut  it  and  draw  it  home.  The 
farmers  thrashed  some  of  it  also,  and  the  vijm  [a  hundred  and  four  sheafbj  produced  five  ske|)el8 
of  clean  oats. 

25*'>  ditto.  Tuesday.  Nothing  happened  except  that  Reyntje  Pleters  came  from  the  river  side } 
he  informs  us  the  kill  at  tlie  Redoubt  was  still  fast. 

26«i>  ditto.     No  occurrence. 

27*»»  ditto.    A  party  was  out  on  the  Great  Plot  hauluig  stone ;  nothing  else  occurred. 

28">  ditto.  The  Captain  and  Lieutenant  of  tlie  Burgliery  of  Wiltwyck  requested  to  have  a  drum 
according  to  the  promise  given  them  by  the  Heer  General.  By  permission  of  the  Military  Council  a 
Drum  and  appurtenances  were  given  to  the  officers  of  tlie  burgliery  of  Wildtvyck.  A  party  was 
down  to  tlie  river  side  to  see  if  circumstances  would  admit  of  the  sloop  leaving  the  kill.  The  ivirty 
returned  and  stated  that  there  was  no  way  as  yet  to  go  out  of  the  kill. 

28»\    The  officers  of  the  Biirghery  presented  a  petition  ;  it  reads  as  follows :— We  the  under- 


•  Capt.  Cri'glcr  now  rpiiumcii  and  concludes  the  Journal.— En. 
1  Qu.— What  in  now  Toller's  point. 


JOUMAL  OF  TUS  •XCO«0  BtOPU«   WAR. 


ligncd,  Tomu  Ohambrati  Captain  and  Heudriok  Joohems,  Lieutenant  of  the  Burghery  in  WUdwyckj 
herebj  request  the  Hou'>>«  Valiant  Hter  Marten  Kregier,  Cap*  Lieutenant  to  be  pleased  to  Aunish 
a  keg  of  gunpowder  with  lead  in  proportion  on  tlie  viHage  account,  to  be  distributed  and  used  In 
time  of  need  for  the  safety  of  this  place,  and  we  await  jour  Hon^*  fiivorable  answer.  Dona 
WUtwifck  this  28'b  Xber  1663.  (Signed)  Tomas  Ciiamiuu,  Hcmorick  Jochems.  The  answer  thereto 
is  as  follows— Petitioners'  request  is  granted.  Whenever  they  require  it  at  tiie  public  expense  or 
for  their  own  defence,  it  shall  be  fUmished  them  from  tlie  Hon*>>*  Company's  Magazine  by  the  oiftcer. 
who  will  be  here.    Done,  Wiitwyck  this  28*i>  December,  1663. 

99ti>  ditto.  The  Military  Council  resolved  to  issue  an  Ordinance  against  the  gunners  who  usually 
run  about  firing  on  New  Year's  day  or  night,  which  was  also  published  and  aflUed.  It  reads  as 
Ibllows : — 

"  WuBRKAs  we  find  by  Experience  that  some  persons  presume  from  year  to  year  to  discharge  guns 
on  the  day  of  the  new  incoming  year  thus  wasting  powder  unprofitably  both  in  the  morning  and 
throughout  the  day  and  sometimes  to  the  great  danger  of  each  other  and  to  their  own  destruction, 
both  in  wounding  or  destroying  their  own  persons  which  fi«quently  occurs  therefrom;  and  whereas 
there  are  here  many  ricks  and  bams  full  of  grain  and  straw,  and  as  great  disorder  and  rasliness 
prevail  In  many  places  especially  on  this  day,  both  in  the  morning  and  throughout  the  day,  by  firing 
of  guns  which  is  pi^aotised  and  prevails  more  particularly  in  tliis  place  on  the  above  mentioned 
New  Tear's  day ;  Therefore  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  valiant  Council  of  War  order  and  forbid  all 
persons  whom  it  may  concern  that  no  one  shall  presume  on  New  Year's  day,  being  the  first  of 
January  to  discharge  any  gun  or  other  fire  arms  in  front  of  any  houses  or  any  other  places  where  it 
is  not  absolutely  necessary,  unless  for  some  approaching  enemies,  and  that  under  the  penalty  of 
six  guilders  for  each  shot  fired  by  the  person.  Both  the  Sheriff  and  military  officers  arc  ordered 
to  pay  strict  attention  hereunto  so  that  this  our  order  may  be  duly  obeyed.  Thus  done  and  enacted 
by  the  Captain  Lieutenant  and  Valiant  Council  of  War  in  Fort  Willtoyck  this  29»>  Xber  1663." 

Have  been  down  with  a  party  to  th«  river  side  to  bring  away  the  guns  and  other  munitions  of 
war.    Nothing  else  occurred. 

30*k.    Sunday.    Nothing  done  as  it  rained  almost  the  entire  day  and  the  kill  became  again  open. 

31'*.  Left  the  Esopus  again  in  the  Hon*>i*  Companys  Yacht  for  the  Manhatans,  the  wind 
Southerly.    Weathered  the  Long  Reach  where  we  came  to  anchor  in  the  night  about  twelve  o'clock. 

1664.  1st  January.  The  wind  continuing  southerly,  tacked  to-day  as  far  as 'the  entrance  of  the 
Highlands  where  we  anchored  about  9  o'clock  in  the  evening ;  the  flood  being  spent  weiglied  anchor 
and  passed  through  the  Highlands  where  we  again  cast  anchor. 

2^.    Weighed  anr^hor  again,  and  drifted  with  the  ebb  as  far  down  as  Tappaen. 

3^.  Having  weighed  anchor  again,  drifted  down  anew  with  the  ebb  to  the  end  of  Manhatans 
island,  where  we  made  sail  about  8  o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  wind  being  westerly,  and  arrived 
about  twelve  o'clock  at  the  Manhatans.  Martin  Krbgiikr. 


r-  ;  -■   .-r  ■ 


..J- 


A !.,.):«  "'■ 

■r'iv^»:' 

1 

;  '^*^-r 

-:r^  ^;  "-,(.- 

\          '  *> 

'■     ''*." 

\,'t 

.■■"■'•   v:,'iv 

T',.; 

..!•  ' 

^■v,  •■/ 


,--.      'A. 


V. 


EXTRACTS 


' 


. ,.-;  •■•  -.'fr  sr-;."" 


nOM  A  WORK  OALLIO 

BREEDEN    RAEDT 

s  ,"  ;        AEN  bE  VEREt:Nl6HD^ 
NEDERLANDSCHE    PROVINTISN^ 

PRINTED  IN   ANTWERP   IN   1M9. 
Translated  from  the  Dutch  Original 

BT  MR.  0. 


»     « 


•  J4  Ji.i  ■.;4,V     -  u  Oi'i 


V. 


J    : 


!  M 


AMSTERDAM  1850. 
FR.  MULLER. 


'* 


■■■<»." 


i' 


S       ■    ■•    T,       ' 


*,*  In  the  year  1640,  delegktei  were  lent  from  Mew  Netherland  to  BoIImhI  to  oMrfn  redreM  of  rtrious  grieraneee  of 
which  the  ColonUta  of  the  day  coupUilned.  A  number  of  repretent«tloiM  were  nude  by  the  compUlnanti  u  well  m  bjr  the 
(OTemment.  Of  theie  Van  der  Donck'i  Vtrtoogk  end  Secretary  Van  Ttenhoven'i  answer,  hare  been  published  In  th« 
OoUeotlons  of  the  N.  T.  Hbt.  Soo.,  i2d.  Ser.  11.  The"Breeden  Raet,"or  Full  Information  to  the  United  Netherland 
ProTlnoei,  is  another  of  the  publicationa  called  forth  by  the  same  ciroumatance.  It  was  printed  at  Antwerp  originally  hi 
1640.  It  oonsiata  of  a  Dialogue  between  eight  persons  and  appears  to  be  a  strong  attack  on  tiio  administrations  of  Direoton 
Kleft  and  Stuyresant.  A  brockur*,  made  up  of  Extracts  fk'om  this  work  having  recently  appeared  In  Amsterdam,  a  copy 
wu  obtained  for  the  State  Library  which  is  now  reprinted.  Uilherto,  the  work  has  been  unknown  to  bibliographers,  and  ita 
rery  high  price — the  booksellers  demanding  two  hnndred  and  flfty  dollars  for  a  completa  copy— will  exclude  it  for  tome  time, 
we  ftar,  from  general  clr'-vOation.    Ed. 


:  i.y-.''   '   / 


....  •)'     A/  !.<«..      %*//,<-  t 


r* 


'"  ♦  ,'  ,. 


«,fv  »  -   ,•  r  .«>', 


GOVERNOR  KIEFTS  ADMINISTRATION. 


-'» 


B.  Pauing  over  several  minor  abuses,  in  order  to  come  to  the  tynny  whioh  rulni  the  whole 
country,  you  must  know  that  Governor  Kleft  had  for  a  long  time  secretly  intended  to  begin  a  war 
with  the  savMges  of  New  Netlierland,  liecause  they  had  refused,  on  rfatouablo  grounds,  to  give  liim 
a  certain  contribution,  alleging  they  were  not  obliged  to  give  it  to  the  director,  or  to  the  Dutch  : 

1.  Not  for  the  sake  of  the  soldiers,  since  tliey  did  them  no  service,  In  case  of  war  with  other 
tribes  ;  for  that  they  crept,  together  like  cats  upon  a  piece  of  cloth  and  might  be  killed  a  thousand 
times  over,  before  news  could  be  got  to  the  fort,  which  was  at  a  great  distance  ftom  them }  still  less 
that  they  could  be  delivered  or  seconded  in  time  by  its  soldiers. 

2.  Further,  that  they  had  allowed  us  to  remain  peaceably  in  their  country,  that  they  had  never 
demanded  a  recompense  from  us,  and  that,  for  that  reason,  we  were  under  obligations  to  them,  and 
not  they  to  us.  •' 

3.  Item,  that  when  our  nation,  having  lost  a  ship  there  had  built  a  new  one,  they  had  supplied 
them  with  victuals  and  all  other  necessaries,  and  had  taken  care  of  them  for  two  winters,  till  the 
•hip  was  finished  ;  consequently  we  were  under  obligation  to  them,  not  they  to  us. 

4.  For  that  reason  they  asked  why  they  should  supply  us  with  maize  for  nothing,  since  they 
paid  as  much  as  we  asked,  for  every  thing  they  came  to  purchase  of  us. 

b.  If  we,  said  they,  have  ceded  to  you  the  country  you  are  living  in,  we  yet  remain  masten 
of  what  we  have  retained  for  ourselves. 

Have  we  not  supplied  you  Swanntkens  (i.  e.  Germans  or  Dutchmen)  on  your  first  arrival  here 
and  when  you  had  no  mochoU  (i.  e.  ships,)  with  provisions  for  two  whole  winters,  and  had  we  not 
you  would  have  died  of  hunger  1 

The  delegates  from  all  the  savage  tribes,  such  as  the  Raritans,  whose  chiefk  called  themselvea 
Oringkes,  from  Orange,  the  Hacquinsaoks,  the  Wappenns,  Hogelanders,  Wicquasgecks,  Reckewacke, 
Mereckewaoks,  Tappanders,  Massapeins,  Zinkeeuw,  and  others,  had  got  as  many  objections  to  make, 
as  there  were  points  to  discuss.  They,  however,  separated  peaceably,  contenting  themselves  with 
giving  us  no  contributions  nor  asking  any  from  us.  Director  Kieft,  seeing  himself  deprived  of  this 
contribution  which  he  was  very  greedy  of  by  so  many  reasons,  and  also  because  it  would  disgrace 
him  in  the  eyes  of  his  countrymen,  invented  other  means  to  satisfy  his  insatiable  avaricious  soul. 

E.  Well,  skipper,  how  did  all  that  end  1 

B.  When  in  the  year  1643,  about  Shrovetide,  the  savages  were  surprised  by  some  other  tribes 
(which  were  too  powerful  for  them)  and  obliged  to  retreat  they  took  reAige  in  our  territory,  not 
suspecting  they  had  any  thing  to  fear  from  us.  About  the  same  time  there  was  a  feast  at  the  house 
of  Jan  Janssen  Damen,  at  which  the  director,  in  a  significant  toast,  communicated  his  intended 
attack  on  the  savages  to  three  inconsiderate  boors,  viz  :  Maryn  Adriaensz,  Jan  Jansz  and  Abraham 
Plancy,  who  presented  a  (pretended)  request,  composed  by  secretary  Tienhoven,  to  the  governor, 
begging  him  to  allow  them  to  take  revenge  on  the  savages,  who  killed  the  servant  of  Mr.  v. 
Nederhorst,  which  crime  had  not  been  punished  ;  this  retribution  being  necessary  to  maintain  ta«) 
reputation  of  our  nation. 

K.  Was  that  true  1 
Vol.  it.  • 


I     ^1 


66 


EXTRACTS  FROM  A  WORK  CALLED  BREEDEN  RAEDT. 


B.  I  will  tell  3'ou  sir.  A  certain  savage  chief  named  Hacquinsacq,  who  was  considered  us  heedless 
even  by  the  savages  themselves,  having  been  intoxicated  with  brandy  by  our  men,  being  aslced 
whether  he  was  able  to  malce  a  good  use  of  his  bow  and  arrow  when  in  that  state,  in  reply  pointed 
his  arrow  at  a  certain  man  called  Gerrit  Yansz,  a  servant  of  the  deceased  Mr.  van  Nederliorsts, 
wliom  he  actually  killed,  asking  whether  he  was  able  or  not.  To  revenge  this  man's  death  several 
savages  had  been  killed,  and  our  people  were  again  in  peace  with  them ;  so  that  at  the  time  the 
director  ordered  this  massacre,  the  same  tribe  who  had  killed  the  deceased  Mr.  v.  Nederhorsts 
servant,  had  been  visited  some  weeks  before  by  the  director  himself,  and  supplied  with  all  necessaries  ; 
this  pretent  was  therefore  altogether  a  specious  one. 

K.  Was  it  then  in  the  power  of  one  man  to  begin  a  war  or  massacre  for  that  1 

B.  That  it  might  appear  plausible,  they  had  such  a  petition  pi-esented ;  to  which,  on  Feb.  25. 
1643  was  answered  that  they  authorised  Maryn  Adriaensz,  with  his  company,  to  make  an  attack  on 
the  Savages,  camped  at  Curler's  plantation,  and  to  treat  them  as  time  and  circumstances  required. 

E.  Who  ever  gave  such  an  authorisation  ?  Who  could  have  been  the  author  of  that  authorisation? 

B.  Why  secretary  Cornelius  van  Tienhoven,  who  is  now  returned  home  to  make  a  report  on  New 
Netherland  ;  the  same  who  had,  composed  the  petition. 

C.  A  cliild  might  see  that  that  was  but  a  pretext.  The  secretary  deserved  to  be  torn  to  pieces 
by  four  horses  as  a  traitor  ;  and  as  for  the  three  boors,  according  to  law  they  had  forfeited  their 
lives.  In  the  mean  time  were  tlie  settlers  warned  to  be  on  the  alert,  that  they  might  not  run  any 
risk  either  by  assistance  or  resistance  ? 

B.  Nobody  at  all  was  warned  but  the  three  before  mentioned.  The  settlers  were  not  so  much  as 
thought  of.  Tlie  secretary  himself  went  to  reconnoitre  the  camp  of  the  savages  the  day  before  the 
attack,  and  if  the  settlers  had  known  what  was  intended,  supposing  there  had  been  reasons  for  it,  not 
one  of  the  savages  would  have  escaped  ;  but  if,  as  was  really  the  case,  there  had  been  no  reasons, 
the  director  would  never  have  been  able  to  commit  such  a  murder,  if  even  he  had  such  traitors  as 
secretaries. 

J.  By  what  I  understand  of  the  affair,  the  secretary  is  the  principal  cause  of  what  followed. 
But  how  did  they  proceed  1 

B.  Between  the  25  and  26  Pebr.  1643,  at  midnight  80  and  odd  savages  were  murdered  at  Pavonia, 
by  80  soldiers.  Young  children,  sonie  of  them  snatched  from  their  mothers,  were  cut  in  pieces 
before  the  eyes  of  their  parents,  and  the  pieces  were  thrown  into  the  fire  or  into  the  water ;  other 
babes  were  bound  on  planks  and  then  cut  through,  stabbed  and  miserably  massacred,  so  that  it  would 
break  a  heart  of  stone ;  some  were  thrown  into  the  river  and  when  the  fathers  and  mothers 
sought  to  save  them,  the  soldiers  would  not  suffer  them  to  come  ashore  but  caused  both  old  and  young 
to  be  drowned.  Some  children  of  f\-om  5  to  6  years  of  age,  as  also  some  old  infirm  persons,  who  had 
managed  to  hide  themselves  in  tlie  bushes  and  reeds,  came  out  in  the  morning  to  beg  for  a  piece  of 
bread  and  for  permission  to  warm  themselves,  but  were  all  murdered  in  cold  blood  and  tlirown 
into  the  fire  or  the  water.  A  few  escaped  to  our  settlers,  some  with  the  loss  of  a  hand,  others  of  a  leg, 
others  again  holding  in  their  bowels  with  their  hands,  and  all  so  cut,  hacked  and  maimed,  that 
worse  could  not  be  imagined  ;  they  were  indeed  in  such  a  state  that  our  people  supposed  tliey  had 
been  surprised  by  their  enemies,  the  tribe  of  the  Maquaes.  After  this  exploit  the  soldiers  were 
recompensed  for  their  services,  and  thanked  by  the  director  Kieft  in  person.  In  another  place,  on 
the  same  night,  at  Curler's  Hook,  near  Curler's  plantation,  about  forty  savages  were  surprised  in 
their  sleep  in  tlie  same  way,  and  massacred  like  the  others. 

D.  Did  ever  tlie  duke  of  Alba  do  more  evil  in  the  Netherlands  t 


EXTBACT8  FHOM  A  WORK  CALtUD   BUEEOEN  RACDT. 


«» 


F.  Certainly  you  liave  such  Dutch  Governors  or  directors  who  honour  and  respect  the  duke  of  Alba. 
6.  Yes  sir,  it  is  a  scandal  for  our  nation  ;  and  if  silence  would  have  remedied  it  I  should  never 

have  mentioned  it.  But  information  has  been  given  of  it  in  the  proper  quarter,  and  not  only  it 
has  not  been  remedied,  but  it  has  gone  still  worse  as  you  shall  hear  directly. 

H.  But  did  the  savages  suffer  this  so  quietly  t 

B.  Oil  no  sir.  As  soon  as  they  found  how  the  Swannekens  treated  them,  they  killed  all  the  men 
they  could  lay  liands  on,  but  I  never  heard  that  they  did  any  harm  to  the  women  or  children. 
Besides  this  they  burned  and  destroyed  all  the  houses,  farms,  barns  and  everything  they  could  come 
at,  so  tliat  they  began  a  declared  and  destructive  war. 

G.  Quicquid  dclirant  reges  plectuntur  achivi. 

B.  I  am  told  for  a  fact  that  a  certain  skipper  Isaac  Abrahamsen,  having  saved  a  young  boy,  and 
hidden  him  under  the  sails  in  order  to  give  him  to  one  Cornelius  Melyn,  towards  morning  the  poor 
child,  overcome  with  cold  and  hunger,  made  some  noise  and  was  lieard  by  the  soldiers,  18  Dutch 
tigers,  dragged  from  under  tlie  sails  in  spite  of  the  endeavors  of  the  skipper,  who  was  alone  against 
18,  cut  in  two  and  thrown  overboard. 

F.  But  what  did  the  inhabitants  say  of  the  massacre  ? 

B.  They  were  not  only  much  displeased  but  took  notes  of  all  that  passed  from  time  to  time,  for 
those  of  the  country  (planters)  were  all  ruined,  and  in  the  forts  there  was  little  provision  and  little 
strength.  This  they  wrote  and  sent  to  government  relating  the  causes  and  occasions  of  the  war, 
with  all  the  circumstances  as  they  had  occurred. 

J.  How  did  you  do  in  the  meanwhile,  before  an  answer  arrived  ? 

B.  We  liad  but  a  choice  of  evils.  The  Director  robbed  and  murdered  wherever  he  could,  and 
in  the  manner  akeady  related  1600  savages  were  killed  in  the  years  1643  and  1644 ;  some  of  them 
were  settled  among  the  English,  at  a  distance  of  from  10  to  20  miles  from  us,  who  were  most  of  them 
surprised  in  their  sleep,  many  of  them  never  having  seen  a  Dutchman  much  less  ever  having  done 
tliem  any  liarm. 

In  April  oi'  the  year  1644,  seven  savages  were  arrested  at  Heemstede  (where  an  English 
clergyman,  Mr.  Fordam,  was  governor),  on  a  cliarge  of  killing  two  or  three  pigs,  though  it  was 
afterwards  discovered  that  some  Englishmen  had  done  it  themselves.  Director  Kiefl;  was  informed 
by  Mr.  Fordham,  that  he  liad  just  arrested  seven  savages,  who  were  confined  in  a  cellar,  but  whom 
lie  hud  not  dared  to  treat  inhumanely,  as  he  could  not  answer  fur  tlie  consequences  to  himself, 
becanse  sucli  things  are  not  to  be  winked  at  there,  or  perhaps  because  the  English  nation  wish  to 
cause  a  general  dislike  among  tlie  savages  to  our  people.  Kieft  immediately  sent  ensign  Opdyk  with 
iin  Enghshman,  John  Onderhill,  and  15  or  16  soldiers,  who  killed  tliree  of  the  seven  in  the  cellar. 
They  then  took  the  other  four  with  them  in  the  sailing  boat,  two  of  whom  were  towed  along  by  a 
string  round  their  necks  till  they  were  drowned,  while  the  two  unfortunate  survivors  were  detained 
as  prisoners  at  fort  Amsterdam.  When  tliey  had  been  kept  a  long  time  in  tlie  corps  de  garde,  tlie 
director  became  tired  of  giving  them  food  any  longer,  and  they  were  delivered  to  the  soldiers  to  do 
as  tliey  pleased  with.  The  poor  unfortunate  prisoners  were  immediately  dragged  out  of  the  guard 
house  and  soon  dispatched  with  knives  of  from  18  to  20  inches  long,  wliich  director  Kieft  had  made 
for  his  soldiers  for  such  purposes,  saying  that  the  swords  were  too  long  for  use  in  the  huts  of  the 
savages,  when  they  went  to  surprise  them  ;  but  that  these  knives  were  much  handier  for  bowelling 
them.  Tlie  first  of  these  savages  having  received  a  frightful  wound,  desired  them  to  permit  him 
to  dance  what  is  called  the  Kiute  Kaeye,  a  religious  use  observed  among  them  before  death  ;  he 
received  however  so  many  wounds,  that  he  dropped  down  dead.  The  soldiers  then  cut  strips 
from  the  other's  body,  liegiiining  at  the  calves,  up  the  back,  over  the  shoulders  and  down  to  the 


-     v 


68 


EXTRACTS  FKOM  A  WORK  CALLED  BREEDEM  RAEOT. 


' 


knees.  While  this  was  going  forward,  director  Kieft,  with  his  councillor  Jan  de  la  Montaigne,  a 
Frenchman,  stood  laughing  lieartily  at  the  fun,  and  rubbing  liis  right  arm,  so  much  deiight  he  took 
in  such  scenes.  He  then  ordered  him  to  be  taken  out  of  the  fort,  and  tlie  soldiers  bringing  liiin  to 
the  Beaver's  patii  (lie  dancing  the  Kiute  Kaeye  all  the  time)  threw  him  down,  cut  off  liis  partes 
gmitales,  tluust  them  into  his  mouth  while  still  alive,  and  at  last,  placing  him  on  a  mill  stone,  cut 
off  liis  head. 

H.  Wliat  shameful  barbarity !  '  '^'  "" 

B.  Wliat  I  tell  you  is  true,  for  by  the  same  token  there  stood  at  the  same  time  24  or  25  female 
savages,  who  liad  been  taken  prisoner  at  the  N.  W.  point  of  the  fort ;  and  when  they  saw  tiiis  bloody 
spectacle,  they  held  up  tlieir  arms,  struck  their  mouth, and  in  their  language  exclaimed:  "For 
shame!  for  shame!  such  unheard  of  cruelty  was  never  known,  or  even  thought  of  among  us."  The 
savages  have  often  called  out  to  us  from  a  distance:  what  scoundrels  you  Swannekens  arej  you  do 
not  war  upon  us,  but  upon  our  wives  and  children,  whom  you  treacherously  murder;  wliereas  we 
do  no  liarm  eitlier  to  your  wives  or  your  children,  but  feed  and  take  care  of  them,  till  we  send  tliem 
back  again  to  you. 

K.  Well,  skipper,  you  know  more  news,  if  they  were  only  good  news,  than  all  of  us  put  together. 
How  did  tliey  get  on? 

B.  Director  Kieft,  not  content  with  this  causing  tlie  hunted  savages  to  be  surprised,  engaged  some 
English  opies  to  accompany  his  soldiers  as  guides,  into  places  unknown  to  our  people,  by  which 
many  poor  inoffensive  savages  were  cruelly  and  traitorously  massacred. 


"-."r  ■ 


-^       '  GOVERNOR  STUTVESANT'S  ADMINISTRATION. 

B.  The  state's  general  being  informed  of  all  those  evils,  ordered  the  governors  (of  the  West  India 
Company)  to  remedy  them;  and  the  latter,  conscious  of  having  trifled  too  long  with  director  Kieft, 
with  whom  they  were  thoroughly  acquainted,  chose  a  certain  Petrus  Stuyvesant,  formerly  director 
of  Curasao,  the  son  of  a  minister  in  Vriesland,  to  supersede  him.  Tliis  same  Stuyvesant  robbed  the 
daughter  of  his  host,  and  being  discovered  would  have  had  to  suffer  for  the  crime,  but  that  he  was 
forgiven  for  sake  of  his  father. 

E.  How  in  the  world  did  the  company  manage  to  find  so  many  rascalsl  Why  they  must  have 
whole  magazines  full  of  them. 

B.  Their  High  Mightinesses  now  thought  that  the  governor  would  tjike  care  that  there  should  be 
no  more  complaints  of  an  oppressive  or  tyrannical  direction  ;  we  are  however  informed  in  what 
manner  the  same  governors  who  had  intrigued  with  Kieft,  instructed  the  new  director,  to  the  decline 
and  ruin  of  New  Netlierland,  to  maintain  Kieft  and  vex  the  inhabitants  under  any  appearance  or 
pretext  whatex  er.  Neither  could  he  contain  himself  till  he  had  time  and  opportunity,  but  even  upon 
his  passage  threatened  that  when  he  arrived  in  New  Netlierland,  he  would  teach  them  better  to 
know  their  plans.  As  however  he  had  promised  their  high  mightinesses  by  oath,  that  he  would 
punish  the  faults  of  director  Kieft  according  to  their  deserts,  and  properly  support  the  inhabitants; 
the  result  however  has  shown  quite  the  contrary  of  these  fine  promises,  according  to  the 
instructions  given  him  by  the  governors  (which  he  has  shown  to  several  persons),  in  which  he  is 
ordered  to  do  as  he  afterwards  did. 


EXTKACTt  FHOM  A   WOMI  CALLED  BKKKBEM  KAEOT. 


^ 


J.  Is  not  that  the  same  Stuyvesant  who  some  time  before  attempted  to  take  fort  St.  Martin  for 
the  company,  and  who  lost  his  leg  in  the  attempt? 

B.  The  very  same  ;  the  governors  looked  upon  that  as  qiUte  a  piece  of  Roman  courage.       •■■"'•- '■'^' 

J.  Yes,  but  all  who  attended  that  expedition  will  tell  another  story;  how  he  burnt  all  our  powder 
in  firing  salutes  during  the  whole  of  the  voyage,  so  that  when  the  time  for  action  arrived,  there  was 
none  to  be  found;  and  every  thing  relating  to  that  expedition  was  so  disorderly,  that  the  like  was 
never  seen.  Indeed  when  we  broke  up  the  seige  and  retired,  without  effecting  any  thing,  only 
because  of  his  leg,  which  was  shot  off  by  the  first  cannon  shot  from  Fort  St.  Martin,  we  left  every 
thing  behind,  and  among  other  things  5  or  6  field  pieces.  Was  that  a  fine  Roman  achievemenf? 
Who  knows  how  much  that  expedition  cost  the  company?  Such  a  prudent  hero  deserved  indeed  to 
be  advanced  to  director,  and  chosen  and  sent  to  New  Netherland  as  redresser-General  of  all  abuses. 

6.  When  he  comed  thence,  the  governors  may  send  him  as  president  to  Brazil,  in  order  to  spoil 
the  little  that  still  remains  there,  just  as  he  is  always  used  to  do. 

J.  He  is  now,  however,  getting  older,  and  ought  to  improve  his  conduct  in  order  to  wipe  out 
former  faults.    How  does  he  get  on  in  New  Netherland? 

B.  Improve  do  you  say,  messmate?    Like  old  wolves  and  old  ships,  worse  from  day  to  day. 

J.  Does  he  still  foam  and  rage  and  storm  as  much  as  he  used  to  do,  even  to  striking  and  beating  1 

B.  In  aU  that  he  is  just  the  man  he  has  always  been ;  and  so  there  is  no  change  to  be  expected 
but  for  the  worse. 

J.  What  was  his  reception  in  New  Netherland? 

B.  There  was  so  much  shouting  on  all  sides,  that  they  were  obliged  to  send  to  another  place  to 
buy  powder  for  exercising  and  in  case  of  need. 

J.  I  could  have  guessed  as  much,  but  liow  did  he  treat  the  inhabitants  from  the  very  first? 

B.  As  soon  as  he  arrived,  some  of  the  principal  inhabitants  coming  barelieaded  to  welcome  their 
new  director,  he  let  tliem  wait  for  several  hours  bareheaded,  he  himself  keeping  his  hat  on  his 
head,  as  if  he  was  the  Czar  of  Moscovy;  nobody  was  offered  a  chair,  while  he  seated  himself  very 
comfortably  on  a  chair,  the  better  to  give  tlie  welcomers  an  audience 

J.  You  speak  in  so  lively  a  way  of  his  manner  of  acting,  that  I  can  fancy  I  see  it  all  passing 
before  my  eyes  ;  go  on  telling  about  that  unlicked  bear. 

B.  In  a  word,  when  he  was  to  take  the  direction  from  Kieft,  the  whole  community  being  called 
together  for  that  purpose,  Kieft  began  by  thanking  them  all  for  their  fidelity  to  him,  which  he  much 
exaggerated  in  hopes  that  the  community  would  unanimously  have  thanked  him ;  but  some  of  them 
said  boldly  that  tliey  would  not  thank  him  as  they  had  no  reason  to  do  so;  among  these  were  Joachim 
Pieterz  Kuyter  and  Cornelis  Melyn.  Stuyvesant,  under  the  canopy  of  heaven,  declared  loudly  that 
every  one  should  have  justice  done  to  him,  which  assurance  was  very  agreeable  to  the  community ; 
a  few  days  afterwards,  however,  being  well  persuaded  and  led  away  by  Kieft,  Stuyvesant  began  to 
assemble  a  court  of  justice,  had  the  letter  of  the  8  deputed  petitioners  to  the  chamber  of  Amsterdam 
laid  before  it,  and  having  chosen  the  side  of  Kieft,  and  wishing  to  take  care  that  afterwards  no 
similar  charge  should  be  brought  against  him,  he  considered  these  8  cliosen  men  as  private  persons, 
and  regarded  all  their  conduct  and  the  whole  process  between  Kieft  and  them  in  no  other  liglit. 

In  his  opinion  it  was  treason  to  petition  against  one's  magistrates  whether  there  was  cause  or 
not.  What  Kieft  simply  denied  was  considered  as  of  more  weight  than  tlie  proofs  produced  by 
his  antagonists. 

And  when  the  arbiters  produced  divers  memorials,  points  and  persons  to  prove  the  truth  of  what 
was  written,  their  statements  were  either  entirely  rejected  or  a  part  of  what  came  to  light  was 
suppressed. 


f   i 


If 


^l 


70 


EXTRACTS   FROM   A   WOUC   CALLED    CREEIlEN    RABDT. 


And  what  was  more,  the  other  persons  who  liad  subscribed  two  letters  were  prevailed  upon  and 
obliged  by  high  authority  and  severe  menaces  as  also  by  fair  promises,  not  to  divulge  what  would  be 
communicated  to  them,  to  revoke  what  had  been  written,  or  at  least  in  order  to  give  it  anotlier 
appearance  to  declare  they  had  been  bribed  to  subscribe  it  and  had  been  misinformed,  not  knowing 
what  they  subscribed,  but  having  only  done  it  at  the  earnest  entreaties  of  some  who  persisted  in 
subscribing  it  and  still  maintained  their  signature. 

So  dii^ector  Stuyvesant  passed  sentence  against  Joachim  Pletersz  and  Cornells  Melyn,  whom  he 
charged  with  iiaving  accused,  by  liI)ellous  letters  tlieir  legitimate  governor  and  chief  director  Kieft, 
in  a  clandestine  and  lying  way ;  with  having  censured  and  calumniated  him,  the  which  he  and 
his  counsil  desiring  to  prevent  in  the  well  ordered  commonwealth  of  New  Netherland,  and  executing 
justice  in  the  name  of  their  High  Mightinesses  the  states  General,  His  Highness  the  Prince  of 
Orange,  and  the  General  chartered  West  India  Company,  condemned  Joachim  Piertsz  Kuyter  to  a 
banishment  of  three  consecutive  years  and  a  penalty  of  a  hundred  and  fifty  guilders,  one  third  for 
tlie  fiscal,  one  third  for  the  poor  and  one  third  for  the  church.  Cornells  Melyn  was  charged  in  his 
sentence  with  more  crimes  and  punished  more  severely,  (because  Kieft  had  formerly  flattered 
himself  that  he  should  have  a  part  with  him  in  Staten  Island,  and  finding  himself  deceived,  he  had 
been  obliged  to  make  other  conditions  with  other  persons  ;  and  Kieft  played  liim  this  trick,  as  was 
afterwards  proved)  and  in  virtue  of  tlie  preceding  arguments  was  found  guilty  of  Crimen  laesae 
Majestatis,  crimen  falsi,  crimen  of  libel  and  defamation,  and  on  that  account  was  to  forfeit  all  benefits 
derived  from  the  company  or  whicli  lie  might  still  claim,  a  penalty  of  300  guilders,  to  be  applied  as 
above,  and  to  be  banished  from  New  Netherland  for  the  term  of  7  years.  So  that  those  who  liad 
accused  Kieft  were  kicked  out  and  sent  away  by  Stuyvesant.  It  is  well  known  tliat  when  director 
Kieft  was  reminded  that  these  suits  would  most  probably,  have  taken  another  turn  in  Holland,  he 
replied ;  why  should  we  alarm  each  otiier  with  justice  in  Holland  ;  in  tliis  case  I  only  consider  it  as  a 
scare  crow.  And  Stuyvesant  replied  ;  if  I  was  persuaded  that  you  would  appeal  from  my  sentences 
or  divulge  them,  I  would  have  your  head  cut  off,  or  have  you  hanged  on  tlie  highest  tree  in  New 
Netherland.  He  also  represented  Kieft's  affair  in  so  favorable  a  light,  inveighed  so  furiously  against 
the  constant  arbiters,  that  the  foam  liung  on  his  beard  .  To  show  still  more  clearly  that  he  did  not 
at  all  intend  to  follow  the  orders  of  their  High  Mightinesses  or  fulfil  the  promises  he  made  them,  or 
to  satisfy  the  community,  he  immediately  appointed  Jan  Jansen  Damen,  (one  of  those  who  had  signed 
the  request  to  slaughter  tlie  savages)  as  churchwai'den. 

£.  A  very  nice  churchwarden  that,  one  witli  bloody  hands. 

B.  It  is  to  be  feared  that  if  the  united  Provinces,  tlieir  High  Mightinesses  and  his  Highness  do 
not  take  measures  *.o  prevent  the  occurrence  of  such  injustice,  tlieir  reputation  will  suffer,  not  only 
among  the  savages  but  tlirough  all  Christendom  and  it  is  disgraceful  enough  already  that  this  has 
not  yet  been  done  ;  there-fore  those  who  have  tlie  prosperity  of  the  Netherlands,  of  New  Netlier- 
land,  of  its  inhabitants  and  of  its  government  at  heari,  ought  to  sti-ive  to  redress  such  grievances. 

J.  But  was  that  sentence  executed  ? 

B.  Most  assuredlj?  ;  for  that  was  now  of  as  much  consequence  to  the  new  director  Stuyvesant  ns 
his  own  honour,  reputation,  even  his  own  life.  They  were  brouglit  on  board  like  criminuls  and 
torn  away  from  their  goods,  their  wives  and  tlieir  children.  Tlie  Princess  was  to  carry  tlie  director 
and  those  two  faithful  patriots  away  from  New  Netherland,  but  coming  into  the  wrong  channel  it 
struck  upon  a  rock  and  was  wrecked.  And  now  this  wicked  Kieft,  seeing  death  before  his  eyes, 
sighed  deeply  and  turning  to  these  two,  said :  Friends,  I  liave  been  unjust  towards  you,  can  you  for- 
gi\  e  me  ?  Towards  morning  the  ship  was  broken  to  pieces.  Melyn  lost  his  son,  tlie  minister 
Bogardus  ;  while  Kieft,  captain  John  de  Vries  and  a  great  number  of  otlier  persons  were  drowned. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  A  WORK  CALLED  BREEDCN  RAEUT. 


71 


Much  treasure  was  also  lost,  as  Kieft  was  on  his  return  with  a  fortune  of  four  hundred  thousand 
guilders.  Joacliim  Pietersz  Kuyter  remained  alone  on  a  part  of  the  ship  on  which  stood  a  cannon, 
which  he  tooic  for  a  man,  but  speaking  to  it  and  getting  no  answer  he  supposed  him  dead.  He 
was  at  last  thrown  on  land,  together  with  the  cannon,  to  the  great  astonishment  of  the  English,  who 
crowded  the  strand  by  thousands,  and  who  set  up  the  pine  or  ordinance  as  a  lusting  memorial. 
Melyn,  floating  on  his  back,  fell  in  with  others  who  had  remained  on  a  part  of  the  wreck  till  they 
were  driven  on  a  sandbank  which  became  dry  with  the  ebb.  They  then  took  some  planks  and 
pieces  of  wood,  fastened  them  together  and  having  made  sails  of  their  shirts,  etc.,  they  got  at  last 
to  the  Mainland  of  England.  As  these  persons  were  more  concerned  for  their  papers  than  for  any 
thing  else,  they  caused  them  to  be  dragged  for,  and  on  the  third  day  Joacliim  Pietersz  got  a  small 
part  of  them,  which  are  in  being  to  this  day. 

C.  How  people  are  sometimes  buffetted  about  the  world !  How  will  these  persons  ever  get 
justice  ? 

B.  According  to  what  they  told  mc,  when  they  arrived  in  Holland,  the  Dutch  directors  much 
lamented  tlie  loss  of  the  ship  and  its  rich  cargo,  and  were  doubly  pained  that  while  so  many  fine  men 
were  lost,  two  rebellious  bandits  should  survive  to  trouble  the  company  with  their  complaints. 

J.   Was  that  all  the  comfort  they  got  ? 

M.  That  was  not  all  their  comfort,  but  some  of  the  directors  undertook  to  prevent  them  from 
getting  a  liearing  from  their  High  Mightinesses. 

J.  'Twas  better  to  send  such  scoundrels  to  the  devil.    Who  dared  to  undertake  that  1 

B.  Those  who  had  always  corresponded  with  those  wicked  children  of  Belial,  van  Beeck 
Perquin  ;  they  got  a  hearing,  however,  and  set  their  affair  in  such  a  light  before  their  H.  M.  that 
it  was  resolved  to  prevent  such  unrighteous  proceedings,  dispatched  letters  of  inhibition,  ordered 
Stuyvesant  either  to  appear  in  person  or  by  proxy,  in  order  to  hear  liis  sentence  maintained,  con- 
firmed or  annulled ;  or  else  to  await  it  there,  and  to  that  end  their  H.  M.  supplied  the  complain- 
ants with  all  necessary  orders,  safeguards,  acts  and  instruments. 


« 


*'lt*r«i>  •-*»A*'4'«ut  .;^vi /.;';>.;*; 


■■WV-    •;.;,ii   l;"-  ..vvitr     » 


fyfe  fiili?«i^-  ■»;ir-^>^'-.  ,  ..i.' 


<■■'■*  *"^;-, 


s    .-  ^■ 


*^  v--i ' .  f'li  »• 


I    ■  • 


1      V   -    iv   •  " 


I  01  i        >        f  ,      .    ^ 


VI. 


DESCRIPTION 


OF 


NEW    NETHERLAND 


1671. 


Trandated  firom  De  Nlenwe  en  Onbekende  WMreld:  of  Besohryving  van  America  en  H  Znidland:  door  Abkolbdi  HoHTAxve. 

Anuterdem,  1671. 


Vol.  IV. 


10 


>    I 


^  (M  'i^    i  T:-    )  ;^  ;^i  M 


'■lU 


ii,  -n.   k  A   a   i'l   n    i   tt   /!       n    :\    r 


I  ,f .  r-,V.  '  1^!  X'VJ  \  v^tii  rf-ft.-'hif't  ^'  !t",  i  -^■' «.iA  rav  ini/vi,, ,,  ji]   liin'; 


I'l'  '7'  oii':9^'-J>i< '  •',■!  i.jti'vf*  -U  'T'.'  r 


»ll 


i 


'It 


V/  i' 


•»•'«:«••  •. 


' 


'■ '    ■    ■       '  ■    »-;if  'M.I.I.'     'I  /■,';>       ^.  i'',.    .,1.1       .i:->  '         >iK.';i.  1  ,  |i'  ,  •••  ■,  ii,.»((     ■     •  -^  "  1 

'■"■!;      I        >  .  ■  •i''tt.  ,  i; '•■!    ■■  •)  Ml  •   :i    /_,•!■     ,    ,.,..   i'.\        II  »•* »  KH.'"   f.i"! 


.!•,  .-    I 


NEW  NETHERLAND. 


S, 


\k 


w 


Dvxriplion  miil 
ilni'(ivor>  111  N«w 
Ntillierluiid. 


River  Miu.lmlUuii. 


Nethkbland  bounded  on  the  south  west  by  Virginia,  sti-etchcs  ou  the  north  vast  to  JWw 
Ekgland,  on  the  nortli  it  is  washed  by  the  rivtT  Canada,  and  on  the  coast  i)y  the  Octan  t 
north  westerly,  inland,  it  remains  wholly  unknown.  The  first  wlio  dlscovervil  this 
country  was  Henry  Hudson.  Engaged  by  the  East  India  C3«>nipany  to  find  out  a  passage  to  China 
north  of  .America,  lie  set  sail  witli  the  Yaclit  Half  Movn,  in  the  year  sixteen  hundred  and  nln»'. 
In  front  of  J^ewfaundland  he  took  a  course  directly  southwest ;  entered  a  large  river  ;  there  | nut | 
two  men  clothed  in  Elk  skins,  and  subsequently  arrived  safe  at  Amsterdam.  JWio  Mthtrland  l'«ing 
thus  discovemi,  divers  traders  set  about  estdl)lishing  a  stable  trade  here.  Wherefore  they  souglit 
for  and  ohtHined  n  chartir  in  tlie  year  sixteen  hundred  and  fourteen,  lioiu  I'.ic  States  Geneial  .it  f!io 
HiifTue,  to  tiudo  to  JVeio  JYetherlund  to  the  exclusion  of  all  others.  Earnestly,  n«)W,  was  tlie  tnuto 
pi-osecuted.  jldriaen  Blok  and  Goihjn  soon  discovered  here  divers  coasts,  islands,  liurbiius  and 
rivers.  Among  tiie  rivers  is  tlie  ManhaUann  ot  Great  river,  by  liir  tlio  most  important,  whioli 
disemlwgues  into  tlie  Ocean  by  two  wide  mouths,  washing  tlie  mighty  island  Matouxeucs.  Tlio  mxuIi 
entrance  was  called  Port  May  or  Godynh  Bay  :  Midway  lies  Staten  hland,  and  a  lilllo 
further  up,  the  Mmhaltans,  so  called  from  the  people  whicli  inhabit  the  mainland  on 
tlie  cast  side  of  the  river.  These  are  cruel  and  wicked  men,  eneniusof  th«  l>utch,as  well  as  ol'tho 
Sanhikans  who  dwell  on  the  west  side.  Higher  up  li»*  tlie  Makwaes  and  MuhiJii.i.i,  \\  ho  are  constantly 
at  war  with  each  otlier  :  in  like  manner  all  the  in'mbiUmts  on  tiie  west  bank  ui"  ihe  Manlattuii  riv«>r 
freqtifntly  make  war  on  those  residing  on  the  east  side.  And  tlie  latter  iii  liko  manner  eiilertiiin 
constant  animosity  against  the  Dutch,  with  whom  tho  other  nations  to  the  west  malntii  u  u;<iuil 
liKiuishlp.  On  a  little  island  adjoining  the  Mukwues  shore,  lormerly  stood  a  (ort  l\l^^li^lu«l  witli 
i\io  guns  and  eleven  stone  pieces,  but  it  was  finally  abandoned.  On  the  Monhattaiis  island  stands 
.  /eu'  Amsterdam,  five  miles  from  the  Ocean  :  Ships  run  up  to  the  liarbour  thew  IVoni  the  sea  with 
one  tide.  The  city  hath  an  earthen  fort.  Within  the  fort,  and  on  tlie  outermost  Inistion  towanls 
ihe  river,  stand  a  wind  mill,  and  a  very  high  stall',  on  which  a  fiag  is  hoisted  wlienevcr  any  vessels 
are  seen  in  Godyn's  bay.  The  church  rises  with  a  double  roof  between  whieli  a  stiuare  ttvwer 
l.Ainis  aloft.  On  one  side  is  the  prison,  on  the  other  side  of  the  church  tlie  governor's  house.  With- 
out the  walls  are  the  houses  mostly  built  by  Amsterdamers.  On  the  river  side  stand  the  gallows 
and  whipping  post.  A  handsome  public  tavern  adorns  the  farthest  jwint.  Between  the  lort  and 
tiiis  tavern  is  a  row  of  suitable  dwelling  houses  :  among  which  stand  out  the  ware  liouses  of  the 
\Vest  India  Company.  JVew  JVet.''erland  hath,  moreover,  divers  remarkable  water  falls  tnml)ling 
down  from  lofty  rocks,  broad  creeks  and  kills,  fiesh  lakes  and  rivulets  and  pleasant  springs  »u»d 
fountains,  which  smoke  in  winter,  are  right  cold  in  summer,  and,  uevertheUss,  are 
niucli  drank.  Meanwliile  the  inhabitants  ai-e  at  no  time  much  incommoileil  by  1I(mhIs, 
nor  by  the  sea,  inasmuch  as  at  spring  tide  the  water  scarcely  ever  rises  a  foot  higher ;  iu>r  by 
fresliets  {op  water)  which  cover  only  some  low  lands  tor  a  short  while  and  enricli  them  by  their 
alluvium.  The  sea  coast  rises  hilly  out  of  sand  and  clay,  wherefore  it  produces  abundtuttly  all 
sorts  of  herbs  and  trees. 


79 


UtiaCHIPt'IOM    or    NILW    NtTIIICBLANU. 


Tlie  oak  usually 


Tttm  I  wkal  Mrt, 


Vbm. 


Water  imloiH. 


Corn. 


(8  sixty  to  seventy  ftet  ltlgh,for  the  most  part  free  of  knots,  fur  which  reason 
it  is  well  adapted  tu  ship  building.  The  Hickory  trees  Airnish  a  hot  and  lasting  fire, 
and  a  cui'ious  appearance  wiienever  the  bush  is  cut  away  either  for  the  purpose  of  more 
u|)en  huntuig  or  for  clearing  the  ground  for  a  bouwery.  Some  ])1ant8  sent  hither  from  Holland  tlirive 
better  than  even  in  Holland ;  namely,  tlie  apple,  pear,  quince,  cherry,  plum,  currant,  apricot,  buck- 
tliorn,  medlar,  peach  and  onion.  Vines  grow  wild  everywhere  and  liear  in  abundance 
blue  and  white  muscatels  and  pork  grapes  {»pek-drttiven).  Some  time  since,  tiie  wine  press 
was  suocessAiUy  introduced.  Tlie  wine  was  equal  to  any  Rhenish  or  French  Wine.  Every 
vegetable  known  to  the  Dutoli  is  cultivated  in  the  gardens.  Water  melons  as  savory 
as  tb^y  are  wholesome,  are,  when  ripe,  as  large  as  a  cabbage.  The  English  extract  a 
liquor  from  them  which  would  be  no  wise  inferior  to  Spanish  wine  did  it  not  turn  sour  too  soon. 
Gourds  when  cleaned  out  serve  as  water  vessels.  Tobacco  produces  leaves  five  quarters  long.  Pump 
kins  grow  luxuriant  and  agreeable.  Corn  sowed  in  hills  six  feet  apart,  sprouts  up 
readily  and  prosperously  if  properly  weeded.  Turkish  beans,  planted  beside  the 
corn,  wind  themselves  around  the  stalk.  Grey  peas  prosper  here  so  well  that  two  crops  are 
p^  gathered  in   the  year  from  one  field.    Medicinal  plants  and  indigo   grow  wild  in 

abundance.    The  barley  can  be  tied  above  the  head.    Furthermore;  all  sorts  of  flowers 
have  a  pleasant  odor  and  appearance.    The  liills  consist  of  AiUers  earth,  or  clay,  fit  for  making 
dishes,  pots  and  tobacco  pipes.    There  is,  besdes,  abundance  of  rock  crystal  and  Mus- 
**"""  "^  *•""*■  covy  glass.    Other  hills  lUrnisli  marble,  serpentine,  blue  and  liearth  stone.     And 
although  the  Dutch  have  not  taken  much  trouble  to  dig  for  minerals,  either  on  account  of  not 
being  numerous  enough,  or  in  order  not  to  make  other  folks'  mouths  water,  it  is  nevertheless  incon- 
trovertible that  the  subterranean  cavities  in  the  hills  conceal  gold  and  silver.    When 
Wilhem  Kieft,  tiie  governor,  employed,  In  the  year  sixteen  hundred  and  forty  five,  the 
S^i'"^"'^"'  Indian  interpreter  Agheroense,  with  a  view,  through  him  to  terminate  the  difficulties 
which  had  arisen  between  the  West  India  Company  and  the  cruel  tribe,  the  Makwaes, 
he  observed  that  the  said  interpreter  streaked  his  fiiee  with  a  glittering  yellow  paint.    Kieft  suspected 
some  valuable  mineral  to  be  concealed  in  tiiis  operation,  proposed  to  satisfy  Agheroec?  -. :  subjected 
it  to  the  crucible ;  obtained  two  pieces  of  gold  worth  tliree  guilders.    He  kept  the  mutter  secret ; 
obtained  fortunately  from  the  mountain  pointed  out  by  Aglieroense,  a  bucket  full  of  the  materia], 
for  it  furnished  gold.    Kieft  now  imagined  he  had  made  a  great  discovery  &  despatched  Arend 
Corsen  from  New  Haven  to  Holland  with  the  stuff.    But  as  the  ship  never  made  its 
Why  a  <aii«<i       appearance — which  was  also  the  late  subsequently  of  the  fly  boat,  the  Princess,  in 
which  tlie  governor  was  a  passenger,  who  had  a  supply  of  the  abovementioned  mineral,  all  further 
exploration  ceased.    The  natives  divided  into  various  tribes  mutually  agree  in  respect 
puLuug).  to  painting  their  bodies,  shields,  war  clubs  and  the  lath  work  within  their  huts      For 

this  tliey  use  colours  extracted  either  from  plants  or  from  finely  crushed  stones.  The  principal 
plant  is  not  unlike  the  Orach  or  Golden  herb,  except  that  the  stalk  has  many  shoots  and  red-brown 
berries ;  the  juice  of  which  collected  in  the  inner  bark  of  trees,  is  laid  in  the  sun  to  dry,  and  when 
dried  is  preserved  in  Uttle  pouches.  Tlie  inhabitants  temper  the  paint  with  water,  and  then  streak 
the  body ;  it  produces  tlie  most  beautiful  purple  that  can  any  where  be  found.  Their  pictures 
represent  canoes,  ti-ees  and  animals,  but  very  indifferently  executed.  Instead  of  plumes  they 
Their  onuuiwnu.  bedcck  tlicmselves  with  hair  tied  with  small  bands.  The  hair  is  of  a  scarlet  colour 
and  surprizing  brilliancy  which  is  permanent  and  ineffaceable  by  rain.  The 
horses  in  JVew   J^etherland  are    brougiit    fi-om  England  or  from  the    diocese  of 


Gold  uid  SnTcr 
miuii*. 


-i 


.* 


DESCRIPTIOM   OF   NEW    METHERLAND. 


10 


Shc«p. 


Lloiu. 


Very  •tronge 
aiiimalt 


Utrecht' .  Those  from  the  bishopric  &r  excel  the  English.  Both  are  subject  to  a  curious  desease 
whereof  many  die  within  a  few  iiours.  The  same  disease  attacks  horned  cattle  that 
Their  diMMc.  jy^  pastured  on  new  ground.  But  hay  grown  in  salt  meadows  is  found  to  be  a 
remedy  against  this.  Hogs  &tten  exceedingly  in  the  woods ;  those  fed  on  Indian  com  give  the 
sweetest  pork.  Sheep,  though  very  thriving,  are  not  numerous,  because  the  settle- 
ments cannot  spare  any  persons  to  keep  watch  against  the  wolves.  Besides,  venison 
is  so  abundant  that  the  sheep  can  on  this  account  be  the  more  easily  diftpensed  with.  Fowls, 
turkeys,  geese,  ducks,  pigeons  and  other  feathered  game  are^  also,  easily  obtained.  Lions,  whose 
skins  the  Indians  bring  to  market,  are  caught  on  a  liigh  mountain,  situated  fifteen 
days  journey  to  the  southwest.*  Here,  also,  are  many  pitch  black  bears,  shy  of  men> 
^luKk"  ^'*''t>ut  which,  when  attacked,  spring  on  the  hunters ;  tliey  first  stop  the  wound  with  a 
pledget  of  leaves,  and  if  the  hunter,  meanwhile,  takes  refuge  in  a  tree,  climb  after  and 
above  him,  then  stick  the  head  between  the  legs  and  ikil  downward.  They  sleep  during  winter, 
lying  six  weeks  on  one  side  and  an  equal  time  on  the  other,  sucking  their  paw.  A  cripple  bush 
or  hollow  moimtain  serves  them  for  a  sleeping  place.  .  On  the  borders  of  Canada  animals  are 
now  and  again  seen,  somewhat  resembling  a  horse ;  they  have  cloven  hoofs,  shaggy 
manes,  a  horn  right  out  of  the  forehead,  a  tail  like  that  of  the  wild  hog,  black  eyes, 
a  stag's  neck  &  love  the  gloomiest  wildernesses ;  are  shy  of  each  other  so  that  the  male  never  feeds 
with  the  female  except  when  they  associate  for  purposes  of  increase.  Then  they  lay  aside  their 
ferocity ;  as  soon  as  the  rutting  season  is  past,  they  again  not  only  become  wild  but  even  attack 
their  own.  South  of  JVV10  J^et/terlawd  are  found  numerous  elks,  animals  which  accord- 
Remarkabie  eike.  j^g  jq  Erosmus  Stella  coDStitute  a  middle  cla.ss  Ijetween  iiorses  and  deer.  They  appear 
to  derive  their  Dutch  appellation  (edandm)  from  elmde  (misery),  because  they  die  of  the  smallest 
woutid,  however  strong  they  may  otherwise  be ;  also,  because  they  are  frequently  afflicted  with 
epilepsy.  They  have  broad,  branching  horns,  a  short  tail,  a  shaggy  neck,  variable  hair,  according 
to  tlio  dilfcrence  of  the  season,  wide  and  long  ears,  prominent  lips,  small  teeth,  a  thick  hide,  which 
cannot  be  easily  pierced.  Tlie  females  sejj^irate  from  the  males,  when  they  liave  shed  their  horns. 
Both  can  be  easily  tamed.  When  hunted  they  spew  hot  water  out  on  the  dogs.  They  possess 
great  strength  of  hoof,  so  as  to  strike  a  wolf  dead  at  a  blow.  Their  flesh,  either  fresh  or  salted,  is 
very  nutritious  ;  the  hoofs  cure  the  falling  sickness.  But  no  game  is  more  abundant 
^^''  •..,:>.  here  than  deer,  which  browze  every  where  in  large  herds.  When  flying  before 
wolves  or  hunters  they  oft  times  head  towards  streams,  betake  themselves  to  the  water,  where  they 
are  taken  in  great  numbers,  for  whilst  swimming  across  they  gfet  frightened  by  the  echo  from  the 
mountains  raised  by  the  hunters  on  the  opposite  bank  ;  they  dare  not,  consequently,  approach  land  : 
meanwhile  the  hunters  tie  branches  together,  by  which  the  deer,  after  being  chased,  are  sometimes 
dragged  down.  JV*ew  Jfetherland  also  produces  many  muskcats,  especially  in  marshy  ground.  The 
animals  are  particularly  beautiful ;  the  skin  by  its  black  spots  has  a  handsome  appearance ;  the 
mouth  is  ftill  of  sharp  teeth,  the  tails  trail  far  behind.  Many  learned  men  dispute 
respecting  the  civet,  namely,  whet,  er  it  be  the  seed  of  the  civet  cat.  Cardanus  so 
maintains,  but  he  is  thoroughly  refuted  on  this  point  by  Julius  Scaliger  Matthiolus, 
whose  opinions  many  embrace  ;  he  affirms  the  civet  to  be  the  sweat  ot  tlie  cat,  inasmuch  as  it  was 
gathered  most  plentifully  whenever  these  animals,  wearied  by  excitement,  pant  for  breath.  But 
whilst  the  sweat  dropt  from  the  whole  body,  yet  as  it  did  not  impregnate  the  whole  with  musk,  it 


Civet ;  wlience  it 
proceed*. 


1  In  former  times,  thig  diocese  included  the  provinces  of  Overijssel  and  Utreclit. 
Noderlanden,  ii.,  206,  20«. 

2  This  animal  is  dunbtlcss  the  Panther.— Eo. 


See,  Martinet's  Bescliryving  der 


# 


DSSCRimON   OF  raw   NVTRBBLAItD. 


cannot  be  mnsk.  Others  consider  the  civet  to  be  a  secretion  of  the  cat.  These  divide  all  secre- 
tions into  unprofitable,  such  as  sweat,  pus,  excrement ;  or  into  useful,  as  milk,  and  semen  for 
production.  Civet  must  be  classed  among  the  latter,  for  it  is,  probably,  nothing  more  tlian  a  oecre- 
tion  from  the  glands  in  the  vicinity  of  privy  parts,  generated  in  tlie  same  way  as  the  liver  secretes 
the  blood  ;  udders  and  women's  breasts,  milk  ;  the  ears,  wax  ;  and  adders  produce  poison  between 
their  fangs.  In  the  meantime  cats  are  eml>arrassed  with  their  civet,  whereof  tliey  rid  themselves 
by  rubbing  against  trees,  and  evince  friendship  for  those  who,  in  the  slieepfold,  rub  it  off  with  a 
spoon.  But  in  addition  to  other  wild  animals  JVeto  JVetherland  furnishes,  according  to  the  occular 
evidence  of  Mriam  van  der  DotUc,  full  eighty  thousand  beavers  a  year.  Pliny  relates 
y,  ■^■P-^how  these  animals  castrate  themselves,  and  leave  these  parts  to  the  hunters,  inas- 
much as  they  are  much  sought  after,  ^ing  an  effectual  i-emedy  for  mania,  retention  of  the  after- 
birth, araenorrhcea,  dizziness,  gout,  lameness,  belly  and  tooth  aches,  dullness  of  vision, 
Ji'r'J'^?!!wubi»*  poisoning  and  rheumatism.  But  Pliny  commits  a  grave  error ;  for  the  Beavers  have 
Miuro^oi  iiM  ^^j,y  small  testicles  fastened  in  such  a  manner  to  the  back  bone  that  they  cannot 
remove  them  except  with  life.  Moreover,  tliey  live  in  tlie  water  and  on  land  together 
in  troops,  in  houses  built  of  timber  over  a  running  streuin.  The  liouses  excite  no  common  admira- 
tion ;  they  are  thus  constructed — the  Beavers  first  collect  together  all  the  drift  wood  wliicli  they  find 
along  the  river,  and  whenever  this  falls  short,  they  gnaw  away,  in  the  next  adjoining  wood,  the 
sweetest  bark  all  around  with  the  ttwnt  teeth,  of  which  they  have  two  in  the  upper,  and  two  in  the 
lower  gum,  they  then  cut  right  around  the  trunk  until  the  tree  falls ;  when  they  also  sliorten  the 
pieces  In  like  manner,  to  adapt  them  to  the  proposed  building.  The  females  carry  the  pieces  on 
the  back,  the  males  support  it  behind  so  that  it  may  not  fall  off.  The  houses  rise  ingeniously  to 
the  height  of  five  stories  ;  they  are  smeared  above  with  clay  to  protect  them  from  the  rain  ;  in  the 
middle  is  a  convenient  aperture  through  which  to  dive  into  the  water  as  soon  as  they  perceive  any 
person.  Wherefore,  one  of  the  troop  keeps  watch  by  turns,  and  in  the  winter  a  second  keeps  the 
water  open  by  constant  beating  of  the  tail.  The  tail  is  flattisli  without  hair,  and  most  diiinty  food 
which  in  some  places  is  served  up  as  a  rare  delicacy.  The  V»pvprs  go  with  young  sixteen  weeks  ; 
they  bear  once  a  year  four  young,  which  cry  and  suck  like  young  children  ;  for  tlie  mother  riseti  on 
her  liind  paws  and  gives  each  two  a  breast  as  she  has  only  two  breasts  between  tlie  fore  legs  ;  these 
legs  resemble  somewhat  those  of  the  dog  ;  the  hindmost,  like  those  of  geese,  lap  in  some  measure 
over  each  other.  On  both  sides  of  the  privy  parts  lie  two  swellings  enclosed  in  separate  nipni- 
branes.  Prom  the  privy  parts  oozes  an  oleaginous  humor,  with  which  they  smear  all  the  accessible 
parts  of  the  body  in  order  to  keep  dry.  Inwardly  they  resemble  a  cut  up  hog  ;  they  live  on  leaves 
and  bark  ;  are  excessively  attached  to  their  ytmng  ;  the  wind-hairs  which  rise  glittering  above  tlie 
back,  fall  off  in  the  summer,  and  grow  again  by  the  fall ;  they  are  short  necked,  have  strong  sinews 
and  muscles  ;  move  rapidly  in  the  water  and  on  land  ;  attacked  by  men  or  dogs,  they 
CMtnr,  what  j^.j^  fiercely.  The  pure  Caslot,  so  highly  prized  by  physicians,  consists  of  oblong 
follicles,  resembling  a  wrinkled  pear  which  are  firmly  attached  to  the  os  pubis  of  the  female 
beaver ;  the  Indians  cut  up  tlie  little  balls  of  the  males  with  their  tobacco  as  they  afford  no 
castor.  The  air  of  New  Netherland  abounds  with  all  sorts  of  birds.  Besides  falcon, 
^jStd""  '*'"''  sparrow-liawks,  fish-hawkS;  and  otlier  birds  of  prey,  there  are  here  numbers  of 
Eagles  differing  from  each  other  ;  for  some  are  greyish,  others  browner,  except  the 
head,  neck,  tail  and  striking  feathers,  which  are  of  a  snow  white  color.  All  have  a  strong  bodv, 
bones  witliout  marrow,  claws  as  long  as  a  man's  finger,  th«  bill  strong  and  crooked,  the  brains  (\r}\ 
the  eyes  small  and  hollow,  the  feathers  hard,  the  right  l'«ot  bigger  than  the  left,  both  ill-looking, 
the  blood  gross,  the  excrements  highly  offensive.     They  build  ,.\c:.-   nests  in  old  giwes  where 


l>G8CVllPT.If>N  ■  O)-   N£^>'    NCTHSRLANi). 


19 


Eagles;  their 
Miura 


the  ground  is  clear  of  uuderwood  ;  also  beside  water ;  a9  they  feed  on  fish  and  devour 
all  sorts  of  fowls,  and  even  rabbits,  har<^8)  tortoises  and  otlier  four  footed  game  that 
sleep  in  the  open  air ;  yea,  when  ahungered,  they  attack  each  other.    Some  eagles 
strike  their  prey  at  mid-day,  others  at  the  rising  of.  the  sun.    Tliey  iail  like  lightning  on  the  game 
they  pursue,  as  the  blood  of  animals  serves  them  for  drink.    They  are  excessi  ely  lascivious,  so 
that  they  go  together  more  than  thirty  times  a  day,  not  only  with  their  owa  kind,  but  even  with 
the  female  hawks  and  she  wolves  (vWvtnncn).    They  hatch  out  the  large  eggs  in  thirty,  nnd  the 
small  in  twenty  days.    They  usually  breed  two  to  three  young,  whose  eyes  they  turn  towards  the 
sun's  rays.    If  these  regard  the  light  of  heaven  without  blinking  they  bring  them  up,  otherwise, 
those  that  cannot  stand  such  a  test  are  drove  &om  the. nest.    The  young,  assoQH  ^s  they  begiu  to  fly, 
are  taken  up  into  the  air,  and  left  there  to  themselves,  are  sustained  by  the  old  birds,  who  drive 
them  away  whenever  tliey  are  fit  to  strike  at  game>.    Their  sharp  siglitedness  is  most  remarkable, 
for  lifted  up  in  the  clouds  far  beyond  the  eye  of  man,  they  perceive  the  smallest  fish  in  the  river, 
and  a  skulking  liare  in  the  stubble.    Their  breath  stinks  badly,  wherefore  t^  ?  carcasses  on  which 
they  fved  rot  rapidly,  and  though  lascivious  they  are  long  lived :  they  die  mostly  oi'  luinger,  as 
the  bill  becomes  by  age  so  crooked  that  they  cannot  open  any  thing.     Wliereupon  tliey  iiually  fly 
to  the  highest  regions  towards  the  sun,  tumble  down  into  the  coldest  stream ;  they  pluck  out 
their  feathers,  clammy  with  sweat,  and  thus  breatlie  their  last.     But,  besides  the  enumerated  birds 
of  prey,  there  is  here  an  innumerable  amount  of  herons,  bitterns,  ravens,  crows,  owls,  swallows, 
finches,  king  fisliers,  hedge  sparrows,  woodcocks,  pheasants  and  wrens.    The  wood 
peckers  excel  the  most  in  beautiful  plumage  and  crests.    These  peck  large  holes  in  the 
trees,  and  thus  make  a  noise  as  of  wood  cutters  laboring  in  the  forest.    Tlie  pigeons  fly  in  such 
flocks  that  the  Indians  designedly  remove  to  their  breeding  places,  where  tlie  young 
birds,  pushed  by  hundreds  from  their  nests,  serve  for  food  during  a  long  month  for 
the  whole  family.    J^Teto  J^etherland  hath,  more  over,  a  wonderful  little  bird,  scarcely  an  inch  long, 
Apnuyiiiue  biid  l'*^*^  brilliant  of  plumage,  and  sucking  flowers  like  the  bee  ;  it  is  so  delicate  that  a 
dash  of  water  instantly  kills  it,  and  when  dried  it  is  preserved  as  a  curiosity.    But  this 
country  particularly  atiounds  in  turkeys,  whose  numt)er  excites  no  less  admiration 
tliun  their  rich  flavour  and  their  large  size  ;  for  they  go  together  in  flocks  of  thirty  and 
tbrty  :  they  weigh  some  thirty  and  more  pounds ;  th^y  are  shot  or  are  caught  with  a  bait  conceal- 
ing rho  hook<i  The  waters  here  swarm,  in  the  spring  and  full,  with  swans,  geese,  wild  ducks,  teals, 
widgeons,  divers,  spoonbiUs  and  pelicans,  besides  aiiot'ier  strange  species,  unknown  in  Europe. 
The  streams  and  lakes,  rich  with  fishes,  furnish  sturgeon,  salmon,  carp,  bass,  pike, 
roach,  bleak,  [N.  Y.  shiners  ?]  all  sorts  of  eel,  smelt,  sun  fish,  wlilch  resembles  the 
bull  head  in  taste,  and  little  codfish,  which  are  caught  near  water  falls.    The  sea  provides  crabs, 
both  hard  and  soft  shelled,  gurnets,  sea  horses,  seals,  codfish,  sheU  fish,  whiting,  herring,  makerel, 
thornbacks,  plaice,  flounders,  bream,  turtles  and  oysters,  some  a  foot  long  containing  peai*ls,  but 
few  of  a  brown  color.    Among  the  poisonous  reptiles  which  invest  JVeio  JVetherland  is  the  dreadful 
rattle-snake.    This  is  variegateil,  hath  a  thick  head,  four  long,  sharp  fangs,  and  a 
homy  tail  with  joints  doubled  over  each  other,  more  or  less  according  to  age,  for  the 
tail  increases  one  Joint  each  year.    The  shaking  of  the  tail  causes  a  lUdeous  drumming  pre- 
liminary to  its  biting.    The  rattle-snake  then  opens  wide  its  jaws ;  the  upper  one  is  arched  and 
hath  a  blue  membrance  doubled  over,  from  which  it  shoots  along  tlie  iangs  a  deadly  poison.    A 
person  wounded  by  this  reptile  would  be  cured  with  difficulty,  did  the  field  not  produce  a  whole- 
-fji-.u'i         some  antidote,  which  the  htdiaru  carry  constantly  with  them.    This  people  is  divided 
NSwN^^wCLdVn.into  divers  nations,  all  well  shaped  and  strong,  having  pitoh-blaok  and  lank  hair,  as 


CntioiH  wood' 
peckvi. 


ngeou 


Tiukeyi- 


Flihei 


Rattle  snake. 


id 


OESCmPTION   OF   MEW    NETHERLAND. 


i     ' 


Ni 


coarse  as  a  hole's  tail ;  broad  shoulders ;  small  waist ;  brown  eyes  and  snow  white  teeth ;  thej 
are  of  a  sallow  color ;  abstemious  in  food  and  drink.    Water  satisfies  their  thirst ; 
''^^  *^'         high  and  low  make  use  of  Indian  com  and  beans,  flesh  meat  and  fish  prepared  all 
alike.    The  crushed  com  is  daily  boiled  to  a  pap  called  by  them  sappaen.    They  observe  no  set 
time  for  meals.    Whenever  hunger  demands,  the  time  for  eating  arrives.    Beavers'  tails  are  consid- 
ered the  n^ost  savory  delicacy.    Whilst  hunting  they  live  some  days  on  roasted  com  carried  about 
the  person  in  a  little  bag.    A  little  com  in  water  swells  to  a  large  mass.    Henry  Hudson 
k^^il^tr'*'**^  relates,  ibat  he  entered  the  river  MmtamUj  in  the  latitude  of  forty  degrees  and 
there  went  .%Bhoie ;  the  Indians  made  strange  gambols  with  dancing  and  singing ; 
carried  arrows,  tlie  points  of  which  consisted  of  sharp  stones,  fiistened  to  the  wood  with  pitch ; 
they  sleep  under  the  blue  sky  on  little  mats  of  flatted  leaves  of  trees ;  suck  strong  to1}acco ;  are 
friendly  but  very  thievish.    Hudson  sailed  up  thl'-ty  miles  higher  ;  went  into  a  canoe  with  an  old 
Indian,  a  chief  over  forty  men  and  seventeen  women,  who  conducted  him  ashore.    They  all 
abode  in  one  house  well  built  of  the  bark  of  oak  trees.    Around  lay  drying  more  than  three  ship 
loads  of  Indian  com  and  beans ;  besides  the  crop  that  stood  luxuriantly  in  the  field.    Hudson 
scarcely  had  his  head  under  the  roof,  but  he  was  seated  on  two  mats  spread  out  on  the  floor.    Two 
men  immediately  had  orders  to  shoot  game.    In  the  twinkle' of  an  eye  these  thought  in  pigeons 
they  had  killed.    A  fat  dog  which  had  been  very  expertly  skinned  with  shells,  was  laid  also  on 
the  fire.    Other  preparations  were,  likewise  made  for  Hudton^s  good  entertainment,  but  as  he  did 
not  intend  to  pass  the  night  there,  he  did  not  profit  by  them ;  notwithstanding  the  Indians  broke 
their  arrows  and  cast  them  into  the  fire  so  that  Hudson  may  rid  himself  of  all  fear.    The 
j^  ""^clothing  of  the  J^ew  ^etherlanders  is  most  sumptuous.    The  women  ornament  them- 
selves more  than  the  men.    And  although  the  winters  are  very  severe,  they  go 
naked  until  their  thirteenth  year  ;  the  lower  parts  of  the  girl's  bodies  only  are  covered.    All  wear 
around  the  waist  a  girdle  made  of  the  fin  of  the  whale  or  of  seawant.    The  men  wear  between  the 
legs  a  lap  of  dufibls  cloth,  or  leather,  half  an  ell  broad  and  nine  quarters  long ;  so  that  a  square 
piece  hangs  behind  over  the  buttocks  and  in  front  over  the  belly.    The  women  wear  a  petticoat 
down  midway  the  leg,  very  richly  ornamented  with  seawant  so  that  the  garment  sometimes  costs 
three  hundred  guilders.    They  also  wrap  the  naked  body  in  a  deer's  skin,  the  tips  of  which  swing 
with  thin  points.    A  long  robe  festened  on  the  right  shoulder  with  a  knot,  at  the  waist  by  a  girdle, 
serves  the  men  and  women  for  an  upper  ornament,  and  by  night  for  a  bed  cover.    Both  go,  for  the 
most  part,  bare  headed.    The  women  bind  their  hair  behind  in  a  plait,  over  which  they  draw  a 
square  cap  tliickly  interwoven  with  seawant.    They  decorate  the  omaments  for  the  fnrehtod  with 
the  same  8tu£f.    Around  the  neck  and  arms  they  wear  bracelets  of  seawant,  and  some  around 
the  waist.    Shoes  and  stockings  were  made  of  elk  hides  before  the  Hollanders  settled  here.    Others 
made  shoes  even  of  straw.    But  since  some  time  they  prefer  Dutch  shoes  and  stoekings.    The 
men  paint  their  fiw^s  of  many  colors.     The  women  lay  on  a  black  spot  only  here  and  there. 
Both  are  uncommonly  lUthM.    Their  houses  are  fi>r  the  -iilost  part  built  after  onie 
plan:  they  differ  only  in  the  greater  or  smaller  length:  the  breadth  is  invariably 
twenty  feet.   The  following  is  the  mode  of  construction.    They  set  various  hickory  poles  in  tlie 
ground  according  to  the  plan  of  ttie  size  of  the  building.    The  tops  are  bent  together  above  in 
the  form  of  a  gallery,  and  throughout  the  length  of  these  bent  poles,  laths  are  fastened.    The 
walls  and  roof  are  then,  covered  with  the  bark  of  elm,  ash,  and  chestnut  trees;  the  bark  i»  lapped 
over  each  other  as  a  protection  against  a  change  of  weather,  and  the  smooth  side  is  turned 
inward.    The  houses  lodge  fifteen  fiimilies  together,  more  or  less,  according  to  the  dimensions. 


Tbair  booiw. 


DEKRIPTION  OF  HEW   KETHKFLAND. 


m 


Their  fofti. 


OiTorce. 


£aoh  knows  its  proportion.    Their  forts  stand  mostljr  on  steep  mountains,  beside  a 

stream  of  water.  The  entrance  is  only  on  one  side.  They  are  built  in  this  wise.  They 
set  lieavy  timbers  in  the  ground,  with  oalc  palisades  on  botli  sides,  planted  crosswise  one  witli 
another.  They  join  timliers  again  between  the  cross-trees,  to  strengthen  the  work  Within  the 
enclosure  they  commonly  build  twenty  or  thirty  houses,  some  of  which  are  a  hundred  and  eighty 
feet  long,  some  less.    ^11  are  crammed  full  of  people.    In  the  summer  they  set  up  huts  along  the 

rivers,  in  order  to  pursue  fishing.  In  the  winter  they  remove  into  the  woods  to  be 
Removing.  convenient  to  the  liunting  and  to  a  supply  of  fire-wood.    Plurality  of  wives  is  not  in 

vogue  here,  except  among  the  Chiefs,  who  take  three  or  four  to  themselves;    And  sucli  harmony 

exists  among  these,  that  they  are  never  at  varinnce.  Minors  do  not  mai'ry,  except 
Marriage.  .^jj.jj  ^y^^  advlcc  of  their  parents  or  Iriends.    Widowers  and  widows  follow  their  own 

inclinations:  regard  is  only  had  to  each  other's  condition  and  children.    The  bridegroom  must 

make  a  present  to  the  bride.    On  the  slightest  misunderstanding,  the  wife,  paid  right 

off,  is  put  by  the  husband  out  of  doors,  and  she  marries  another.  Thus  some  of  them 
have  a  fresh  wife  every  year.    In  cases  of  separation,  the  children  follow  the  mother,  after  whom 

the  offspring  also  are  called.  They  consider  adultery,  especially  if  committed  in 
u^i'alS*  the  open  air,  to  be  sinful.  Fornication,  however,  is  lawful  for  young  women,  provided 
commendable.  .^  j^  ^^^  money.  Wherefore,  no  person  objects  to  marry  such  persons.  Yea,  the 
married  boast  of  the  numbers  they  slept  with  whilst  unmarried.  Whoever  is  inclined  to  marry, 
curiou.  custom  of  covers  the  whole  body,  and  thus  bemopped  sits  on  the  way  side.  A  passer  by  ere 
pregnant  women,  ^qj^^  relcascs  '  the  pig  lu  the  poke.'  When  pregnant,  the  woman  take  great  heed, 
in  order  that  the  embryo  may  not  be  injured.  On  the  approach  of  tlie  birth  of  the  child,  which 
she  precisely  knows,  she  retires  to  a  lonely  place  in  the  woods,  even  in  the  severest  cold,  erects  a  hut 
of  mats,  separates  the  child  without  any  one's  aid,  washes  it  in  the  water,  and  wraps  it  around 
with  matting.  In  a  few  days  she  turns  homeward,  and  brings  the  suckling  carefully  up;  a  child 
is  never  put  out  to  nurse.  As  long  as  a  woman  suckles,  or  is  pregnant,  she  admits  of  no  con- 
nection.   The  catamenia  do  not  appear.    In  sickness  they  are  very  faithful  to  each  other.    The 

next  of  kin  closes  the  eye  of  the  deceased.  After  being  waked  for  a  few  days,  they  are 
Ae'de'SlI^""*     thus  Interred.    The  body  hath  a  stone   under  the  head;  it  is  placed  in  a  sitting 

posture;  they  place  beside  it  a  pot,  kettle,  a  platter,  spoon,  money,  and  provisions,  to 
be  made  use  of  in  the  other  world.  They  then  stow  wood  all  around,  which  they  cover  with 
planks;  on  the  planks,  which  are  covered  with  eartli  and  stones,  palisades  are  fastened  in  such  a 
manner  that  the  tomb  resembles  a  little  house,  to  which  they  pay  divine  reverence;  whep>ibre  they 
consider  it  a  gi-eat  profanation  to  violate  such  places.  The  men  make  no  noise  over  tlu  ead,  but 
the  women  carry  on  uncommonly;  they  strike  their  breasts,  tear  their  faces,  call  the  fiame  of  the 
deceased  day  and  night. 

The  mothers  make  the  loudest  lamentations  on  the  deathof  their  sons.  They  cut  off 
mo7rn?ngfor*t'he  their  hair,  which  they  bum  on  the  gtave  in  the  presence  of  all  the  relatives.    Wives 

do  the  same  on  the  death  of  their  husbands,  in  addition  to  painting  the  face  pitch 
black  ;  and  thus  in  a  deer  skin  jerkin  they  mourn  the  dead  a  whole  year,  notwithstanding  they 
sometimes  lived  unhappily  together.    On  some  occasions  they  have  meetings  for  drvil- worship. 

Here  coi^jurors  act  a  wonderfVil  part.  These  tumble,  with  strange  contortions,  head 
Sfo!2?oSiuro™°"  over  heels  ;  beat  themselves,  leap,  with  a  hideous  noise,  through  and  juwund  a  large 

fire.  Finally,  they  all  raise  a  tremendous  caterwauling,  when  the  devil  (as  they  say) 
appears  in  the  shape  of  a  ravenous  or  harmless  animal :  the  first  betokens  something  bad ;  the 
other  good :  both  give  information  respecting  coming  events ;  but  obscurely,  which  they  attribute 
Vol.  it.  11 


I 


<.  >.   I 

i  I 


H' 


DEaCklFTION   OF   NEW   NETHUILAKD 


AndorUwb*. 
witched 


t.. ; 


i 


I    1 


Nature  of  ih*  New 
Nellie  rluiilen. 


to  their  own  ignorance,  not  nnderotanding  the  Devil's  Hght  meaning  when  matters 
turn  out  differently.  They,  moreover,  bewitch  some  in  such  wise  that  tliey  foam  at  th« 
mouth,  tlirow  tliemselves  in  the  Ure  and  smite  themselves  unmercifully  ;  and  as  soon 
as  they  whisper  any  words  in  the  ear  of  the  l>ewitched  tlie  encliantment  ceases.  Tlie 
NS^Ne'ihedJ^crtlanguage  of  tills  people  is  very  various,  but  they  can  be  classed  into  four  principal 
tongues,  namely,  Mahatatu,  Wappanoo,  Siavanoo,  and  Minquaes  4  they  are  very  difficult 
for  strangers  to  learn,  as  they  are  spoken  without  any  principles.  Their  money 
ZMwiint.  consists  otzeawanty  [wampum]  which  is  nothing  more  than  the  inside  little  pillars  of 

the  conckshells,  which  the  sea  casts  up  twice  a  year.    These  pillars  they  polish  smooth  ;  drill  a  hole 
through  the  centre  ;  reduce  it  to  a  certain  size,  and  string  the  pieces  on  threads.    The  strings  fill 
the  place  of  gold,  silver  and  copper  coin.    Great  faults,  as  well  as  virtues,  are  remarked 
iu  the  inhabitants ;  for  besides  being  slovenly  and  slothful,  they  are  also  found  to 
be  thievish,  head-strong,  greedy  and  vindictive.    In  other  respects  they  are  grave, 
chary  of  speech,  which,  after  mature  consideration,  is  slowly  uttered  and  long  remembered.    The 
understanding  being  somewhat  sharpened  by  the  Hollanders,  they  evince  sufficient  ability  to  dis- 
tinguish carefully  good  from  evil.    Tliey  will  not  suffer  any  imposition.    No  wise  disposed  to  glut- 
tony, they  are  able  patiently  to  endure  cold,  heat,  hunger  and  thirst.    They  are  remarkably  addicted 
to  tlie  use  of  sweatiug  baths,  made  of  earth  and  lined  with  clay.    A  small  door  serves 
^^'    ""' ■  as  an  entrance.     The  patient  creeps  in,  seats  liimself  down,  and  places  heated  stones 
around  the  sides.    Wlienever  he  liath  sweated  a  certain  time,  he  immerses  himself  suddenly  in  cold 
water ;  from  w!iich  he  derives  great  security  against  all  sorts  of  sickness.    Though  this  people  do 
not  make  such  a  distinction  between  man  and  man  as  otiier  nations,  yet  they  have  high  a  id  low 
fiimilies ;  inferior  and  superior  chici^,  wliose  authority  retnains  hereditarily  in  the  houses.    The 
military  offices  are  disposed  of  only  according  to  the  valoi-ous  prowess  of  each  person. 
The  commander  does  not  divide  his  soldiers  into  regimv^nts,  companies  or  flies,  but 
leads  them  on  merely  to  overreach  the  enemy  from  an  ambuscade.    They  undertake  tlie  most  of  their 
expeditions  in  the  night.     They  do  not  maintain  their  position  long  against  a  sudden  onslaught, 
unless  surrounde<l,  then  they  fight  to  tlie  last  man.    Whenever  they  anticipate  any  danger,  the 
women  and  children  are  placed  in  a  secure  hiding  place.    Their  weapons  used  formerly 
to  be  the  arrow,  bow  and  war  club.    They  now  use  the  snap-haunce  at  which  tliey  are 
very  expert.    A  square  shield  covers  the  body  up  to  the  shoulders.    A  snake  skin  is  tied  around 
the  head  from  the  centre  of  which  sticks  up  a  fox's  or  bear's  tail.     Tlie  face  is  not  recognizable  on 
account  of  its  variety  of  colors.    Prisoners'  liv  3S  are  rarely  spared,  unless  tliul  of 
meT5>i5oMrI"  women  and  children,  who  are  treated  by  the  conquerors  in  tlie  same  manner  as  their 
own,  in  ortler  thus  to  recruit  their  numbers.    If,  however,  a  prisoner  be  not  put  to 
death  immediately  after  the  battle,  but  handed  over  to  some  person  whoso  relative  liad  been 
formerly  killed  by  tlie  conquere<l  party,  he  is  roasted  three  days  long  before  he  gives  up  the  ghost. 
It  excites  uncommon  admiration  if  the  sufferer  constantly  sing  in  the  midst  of  Ills 
torture.    Notwithstanding  misdemeanors  are    not  punished,  wicked  acts  are  of  rHie 
Stolen  property,  whenever  discovered,  is  ordered  by  the  Chief  to  be  restored.     The 
next  of  kin  of  the  murdered  man  may  kill  the  murderer,  if  he  overtake  him  within 
four  and  twenty  hours.     But  if  he  avenge  himself  later,  he  is  subject  to  be  slain  by 
the  relative  of  the  second  victim,  within  the  limit  of  the  stated  time.    All  obligations 
acquire  their  Ibrce  ti-oni  the  acceptance  of  presents.     They  proceed  thus  :  They  take 
as  many  little  sticks  as  there  are  conditions  in  their  proposals.    If  they  agree  on  all,  each 
party,  at  the  conclusion,  lays  his  presents  at  the  feet  of  the  other.    They  sometimes  hang  up  the 


Mode  of  war 


Wcaponi. 


Lawi. 


occurrence. 


Death  punuhinent. 


NegoliaiioiH  aiid 
trealietorpcurc. 


OEaciumoN  or  kkw  nktukhland. 


88 


119 

lie 


Public  oounviU. 


A«  alto  of  the 
oreatioii 


presents,  whilst  tliey  deliberate  earnestly  on  the  proposal  during  three  days.  If  the  present  be 
accepted,  the  negotiation  Is  firmly  concluded ;  but  if  not,  they  proceed  no  further  in  tlie  mutter, 
unless  tlie  applicant  change  the  conditions  and  tlie  present.  On  occasions  of  importance, 
a  general  assembly  is  lield  ut  tlie  house  of  one  of  the  chiefs;  in  order  that  the  sachems 
there  assembled,  may  explain  what  has  been  concluded.  Then  the  most  eloquent  rises  and  eiideav- 
uura  to  render  the  determination  popular  with  the  masses.  It  sometimes  happens  that  a  ringleader 
will  admit  of  no  reasoning,  wliereupon  some  of  the  ciiiefs  strikes  the  mutineer  on  the  head  with  an 
axe.  No  one  is  so  bold  as  to  dare  to  mutter  a  word  in  such  a  case.  No  trace 
worthip  ^j.  jjyjyg  ^.orship  can  hardly  be  discovered  here.    Only  they  ascribe  great  influence  to 

themoou  over  the  crops.     The  Sun,  as  all  seeing,  is  taken  to  witness  as  often  as  tliey  take  an 
oath.    They  pay  great  reverence  to  the  Devil,  because  they  fear  great  trouble  from  him 
D«Tii  worehip.      ^jieu  hunting  and  fishing  :  wherefore  the  first  fruits  of  the  chase  is  burnt  In  his  honor, 
so  that  they  may  not  receive  injury.    If  they  experience  pain  in  any  part,  they  say — Ji   Devil 
lurks  in   there.    They  fUlly  acknowledge  that  a  God  dwells  beyond  the  stars,  who, 
luiicuiour''  ""^  however,  gives  himself  no  concern  about  the  doings  of  Devils  on  earth  :  because  he  is 
constantly  occupied  with  a  beautit\il  Goddess,  whose  origin  is  unknown.    She  once 
came  down  f^om  heaven  into  the  water  (for  before  tlie  creation  all  was  water,)  and  would  have 
sunk,  unless  land  had  suddenly  bubbled  up  under  her  feet.    Tlie  land  waxed  bigger, 
so  tliat  erelong    a  whole    globe  was   perceptible,  whicfi  quickly  produced  all  sorts 
of  vegetables  and  trees.    Meanwliilo,  the  goddess   brought  forth  a  deer,  bear  and 
wolf,  and  again  cohabited  with  these  animals  :  She  thus  became  pregnant,  and  lay  in  of  divers 
sorts  of  creatures  at  one  birth.    From  this  arises  the  variety  not  only  of  animals,  but  also  of  men, 
which  in  color  are  either  black,  white  or  sallow  ;  in  disposition  eitlier  timid  us  the  deer,  revengeful 
as  bears  or  rapacious  as  wolves.    After  she  bad  thus  acted  the  Universal  mother  returned  up  to 
Heaven,  where  she  enjoys  perfect  bliss  with  the  Sovereign  Lord,  whom  they  know  not  nor  ever 
saw ;  wherefore  they  will  be  held  less  responsible  than  the  Christians ;  pretending  to  acknowledge 
him  a  pnnisher  of  all  wicked  deeds  which  they  commit  notwithstanding,  and  it  is  with  more  diffi- 
culty that  they  can  be  brought  from  these  adopted  vices  to  Christianity.    Regarding 
the  souls  of  the  Dead,  they  believe :  that  those  who  iiave  done  good  enjoy  every 
sort  of  pleasm-e  in  a  temperate  country  to  the  Soutli,  where  the  bad  wander  about 
in  misery.    They  believe  the  loud  bowlings  which  wild  animals  make  at  night,  to  be  the  wailings 
of  the  ghost.<«  of  wicked  bodies. ' 

The  fertility  and  situation  of  JVew  JVetherland  induced  the  Burgomasters  of  Amsterdam  to 
coioniMtion  of  ^^^^  *  colouy  thither.  Wherefore  they  agreed  with  the  West  India  Company  with 
NewNetheriand.  tlic  approbatiou  of  the  States  General  at  the  Hague.  In  tlie  year  sixteen  hundred  and 
fifty-six,  they  shipped  accordingly  over  to  JVeu)  JVe/Aer/and  seventy  families,  to  which  they  added 
three  hundred  Waldenses  who  had  been  driven  out  of  Piedmont.  These  embarked  on  the  fifteenth 
of  December  by  beat  of  drum."  Colonization  prospered.  Meanwhile,  when  the  war  between  the 
English  crown  and  the  United  Netlierlands  broke  out,  the  Dutch  found  themselves,  after  ten  years 
possession,  so  powerless  against  the  English  that  they  surrendered  to  this  nation.  JVew  Jimsterdam 
obtained  consequently  tlie  name  of  JVeto  York.  The  conquered  Inhabitants  experienced  great  incon- 
venience inasmuch  as  Trade  was  suddenly  brought  to  a  stand. 


Belief  regardiny 
Uie  loul. 


ke 
,ch 
;he 


1  The  preceding  part  of  this  article  aeems  to  h»Te  been  borrowed  from  Van  der  Donck's  Baehryving  van  Nieme 
Nederlandt,  published  in  Holland  in  1666.    Ed. 

2  They  settled  in  what  is  now  the  State  of  Delaware,    Ed.  ^  ' 


~Tr 


■ 


M  v  DUIC«ll>TIOM   or   HEW    NETHCRLAMD. 


FIRST  EMIGRANTS  TO  NEW  NETHERLAND. 

[  From  Baudartiui.  ] 

Inasmuch  as  the  multitude  of  people,  not  only  natives  but  foreigners,  who  are  seeking  a  liveli- 
h(xxl  in  tlie  United  Provinces  is  very  great,  so  that  where  one  stiver  is  to  be  earned  there  are  ten  hands 
ready  to  seize  it,  especially  in  Holland  which  is  the  reservoir  of  divers  kingdoms  and  countries. 
Many  ure  obliged,  on  this  account,  to  go  in  setirch  of  otiier  lands  and  residences  where  they  can 
obtain  H  living  more  easily  and  at  less  expense.  Accordingly,  in  the  year  1624,  as  in  previous 
years,  divers  families  wer.  from  Holland  to  Virginia  in  tlie  West  Indies,  a  great  portion  of  them 
being  Englislt,  called  Brownists,  whom  King  James  will  not  permit  nor  suffer  to  live  in  his  land, 
because  th'^y  hold  and  maintain  divers  points  of  religion  improbated  by  the  present  church  of 
England. 

A  sliip  arrived  in  August  ttom  that  part  of  Virginia  called  New  Netlierland,  which  had  conveyed 
some  families  from  Holland  thither.  Tliis  vessel  brings  many  and  various  letters  from  private 
individuals,  eacli  written  to  friends  and  acquaintances,  whereof  this  is  mostly  the  tenor — 

"  We  were  much  gratiiied  on  arriving  in  this  country  ;  Here  we  found  beautlAU  rivers,  bubbling 
fountains  flowing  down  into  the  valleys  ;  basins  of  running  waters  in  the  flatlauds,  agreeable  fruits  in 
the  wooils,  such  as  strawberries,  pigeon  lierries,  walnuts,  and  also  voor  labrusten  or  wild  grapes.  The 
woods  abound  with  acorns  for  feeding  hogs,  and  with  venison.  There  is  considerable  fish  in  the 
rivers ;  good  tillage  land  ;  here  is,  especially,  free  coming  and  going,  without  fear  of  the  naked 
natives  of  the  country.  Had  we  cows,  hogs,  and  other  cattle  fit  for  food  (which  we  daily  expect 
in  the  first  ships)  we  would  not  wish  to  return  to  Holland,  for  whatever  we  desire  in  the  paradise 
of  Holland,  is  here  to  be  found.    If  you  will  come  hither  with  your  family,  you  will  not  regret  it." 

This  and  similar  letters  have  roused  and  stimulated  many  to  resolve  to  emigrate  thither  with 
tkeir  families,  in  the  hope  of  being  able  to  earn  a  handsome  livelihood,  strongly  fancying  that  they 
will  live  there  in  luxury  and  ease,  whilst  here  on  the  conrary,  they  must  earn  their  bread  by  the 
sweat  of  their  brow.  Baudartius'  Gedenkwaardige  Geschiedenitsen  zo  kerkelyke  als  wereldlyke. 
2  vols.  fol.  Arnhem.  1624. 

[We  translate  the  above  from  the  Sheboygan  Meuwsbode  of  15  Sept.  1851.  Gulielmus  Baudartius 
(or  Baudart)  the  author  of  the  work  from  which  it  is  borrowed,  was  Minister  at  Zutphen  for  a 
period  of  thirty  six  years.  He  was  originally  a  native  of  Deinse  in  Flanders,  and  was  selected  at 
theSjmodof  Dort  as  one  of  the  translators  of  the  Old  Testament — so  great  was  his  reputation  as  a 
Hebrew  Scliolar.  He  died  at  Zutphen  in  1640,  at  the  age  of  66  years.  A  list  of  his  works  will  be 
found  in  the  Biog.  Universelle ;  Biug.  Diet.  Watts  &c.  The  Gedenkwaardige  Geschiedenissm^  or 
Remarkable  ecclesiastical  and  political  Events,  from  1603  to  1624,  is  represented  as  a  sort  of  Supple- 
ment to  Van  Meteren's  History.    Ed.  |  .^    ...^^  *  ^     '^y--. 


t.^'SV'-v   ■' ^. ,,,  ^,| .  .'    \,i>      '.■»-.,w..f1!    i^^n   .,    y  v    >•-,'■- .^4,, 


I 


;v,'>i'itfc«»3vi»'W*»»"n  >vmm»it::.  "»■ 


:'■,'")    ..>•■  ''■i     ,  '      i  ■  ■•  V  "•7^'Vi'-.;*-'^  ■ 


t  *■    . 


,...-,  t  ^ 


.>-     t 


■■:>/'  '-: 


,  irv.*-  ■ ; ,-  » 


i 
:e 

>g 
in 
le 
le 

Ml 

ot 

|Se 

» 


at 


)e 


VII. 


•f...  v< 


'  f   .""t  >'..'■  ''1  ■ 


TRIAL  FOR  WITCHCRAFT. 

,  [Court  of  Aflaiie  Book.] 


,}■■:■ 


'  '    '"  At  y  Court  of  Assizes  held  in  New  Yorke 
-      '  '       '  '  '■  v^  y«  8««  day  of  October  1665  &0. 

The  Tryall  of  Ralph  Hall  and  Mary  his  wife,  upon  suspicion  of  Witchcraft. 
The  names  of  the  Persons  who  serveti  on  the  Grand  Jury.  '      ^  " 

ThomasBakei,  fforeman  of  y«  Jury,  of  East  Hampton.  v    "  ,' 

Cap*  John  Symonds  of  Hempsteed.        '    .    ' 
'■"''  M'HaUet  )         .  ''''    ''■[-''  ''     ■  •  '  -  •    '•  ■ 

Anthony  Waters  J  J'*"*'^**        "         .:  ';  "         '     ^       .     !.       : 

Thomas  Wandall  of  Marshpath  Kills.     ' ''.     . 
■  M' Nicolls  of  Stamford  '  ' 

'      Balthazerde  Haart 
■■'.   John  Garland 
,   ■  '  Jacob  Leisler 
"'  '  Anthonio  de  Mill 
'    Alexander  Munro 
Thomas  Searle 


of  New  Yorke. 


The  Prisoners  being  brought  to  the  Barr  by  Allard  Anthony,  SheriSeo/  New  Yorke,  This  fi>llow> 
ing  Indiotni'  was  read,  first  against  Ralph  Hal]  and  then  ag"*  Mary  his  wife,  viz*. 

The  Constable  and  Overseers  of  the  Towne  of  Seatallcott,  in  the  East  Riding  of  Yorkshire  upon 
Long  Island,  Do  Present  for  our  Soveraigne  Lord  the  King,  That  Ralph  Hall  of  Seatallcott  aforesaid, 
upon  y«  25*  day  of  December  ;  being  Christmas  day  last,  was  Twelve  Monthes,  in  the  16**  yeare 
of  the  Raigne  of  our  Soveraigne  Lord,  Chaises  y«  Second,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  King  of  England, 
Scotland,  ffrance  and  Ireland,  Defender  of  the  ffaith  &c,  and  severall  other  dayes  and  times  since 
that  day,  by  some  detestable  and  wicked  Arts,  commonly  called  Witchcraft  and  Sorcery,  did  (as  is 
suspected)  maliciously  and  feloniously,  practice  and  Exercise  at  the  said  towne  of  Seataloott  in 
the  East  Riding  of  Yorkslure  on  Long  Island  atbi-esaid,  on  tlie  Person  of  Qwn^  Wood,  late  of  tlte 
same  place  by  w°*  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  the  said  George  Wood  (as  is  suspected)  most  danger- 
ously and  mortally  sickned  and  languished.  And  not  l«mg  after  by  the  aforesaid  wicked  and  detesta- 
ble Arts,  the  said  George  Wood  (as  is  likewise  suspected)  dyed,         v.'' 

MoaEovHR,  The  Constable  and  overseers  of  the  said  Towne  of  Seatukott,  in  the  East  Riding  of 


t  1 


its: 


^r 


i 


il 


ycr- 


f 


86 


TRIAL  ynH   WITCIICRAIT. 


Yorkshire  tipou  Lung  Island  aforesaid,  do  ftirther  Present  for  our  Soveruigno  Lord  the  King,  That 
some  while  after  the  deatli  of  the  aforesaid  George  Wood,  The  said  Kalph  Hall  did  (as  is  suspected) 
divers  times  by  }*  like  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  coniGiiIy  called  Willicralt  and  Sorcery,  Mali- 
ciously and  feloniously  practise  and  Exercise  at  the  said  Towne  of  Seattdcott,  in  tlic  Eiist  Hiding 
ot  Yorkshire  upon  Long  Island  aforesaid,  ou  tlie  Person  of  an  Infant  Cliilde  of  Ann  Kogers,  wid- 
dow  of  y«  aforesaid  George  Wood  deceased,  by  w**  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  tlie  said  Infant 
Childe  (as  is  suspected)  most  dangerously  &  mortally  sickned  and  languished,  and  not  long  after  by 
the  said  Wicked  and  detestable  Arts  (as  is  likewise  suspected)  dyed,  And  so  y*  said  Constable  and 
Overseers  do  Present,  That  ttie  said  George  Wood,  and  the  s<i  Infante  s<>  Childe  by  tlie  waycs  and 
meaues  aforesaid,  most  wickedly  maliciously  and  feloniously  were  (as  is  suspected)  murdered  by 
the  said  Ralph  Hall  at  the  times  and  places  aforesaid,  ag't  y*  Peace  of  Our  Soveraigne  Lord  y* 
King  and  against  the  Laws  of  this  Government  in  such  Cases  Provided. 

The  like  Indictm*  was  read,  against  Mary  the  wife  of  Ralph  Hall. 

There  upon,  several!  Depositions,  accusing  y*  Prison^  of  y*  fact  for  which  they  were  endicted 
were  read,  but  no  witnesse  appeared  to  give  Testimony  in  Court  vive  voce. 

Then  the  Clarke  calling  upon  Kalpli  Hali,  bad  him  hold  up  his  hand,  and  read  as  followes. 

Ralph  Hall  tliou  standest  here  indicted,  for  that  having  not  y«  feare  of  God  betbre  thine  eyes. 
Thou  did'st  upon  the  25»*»  day  of  December,  being  Cliristmas  day  last  was  12  Monetlis,  and  at  seu'ali 
other  times  since,  as  is  suspected,  by  some  wicked  and  detestable  Arts,  commonly  called  witchcraft 
and  Sorcery,  maliciously  and  feloniouslv  practice  and  Exercise,  upon  the  Ilodyes  of  George  W'ond, 
and  an  Infant  Cliilde  of  Ann  Rogers,  by  wliicli  said  Arts,  tlie  said  George  Wood  and  the  Infant 
Childe  (as  is  suspected)  most  dangerously  and  mortally  fell  sick,  and  languislit  unto  death.  Ralph 
Hall,  what  dost  thou  say  for  thyselfe,  art  thou  guilty,  or  not  guilty  1 

Mary  the  wife  of  Ralph  Hall  was  called  upon  in  like  manner. 

They  both  Pleaded  not  guilty  and  threw  themselves  to  bee  Tryed  by  God  and  the  Country. 

Where  upon,  their  Case  was  referr'd  to  y«  Jury,  who  brought  in  to  the  Court,  this  following 
verdict  vizt. 

Wee  having  seriously  considered  tlie  Case  committed  to  our  Charge,  against  y*  Prison'*  at  the 
Barr,  and  having  well  weighed  y"  Evidence,  wee  flnde  that  there  are  some  suspitious  by  the  Evi- 
dence, of  what  the  woman  is-  Charged  with,  but  nothing  considerable  of  value  to  take  away  her  life. 
But  in  reference  to  the  man  wee  finde  nothing  considerable  to  cliarge  him  with. 

The  Court  there  upon,  gave  this  sentence,  That  the  man  should  bee  bound  Body  and  Goods  for 
bis  wives  Apperance,  at  the  next  Sessions,  and  so  on  from  Sessions  to  Sessions  as  long  as  they  stay 
w"'in  this  Government,  In  the  meane  while,  to  bee  of  y«  good  Behavio'  So  they  were  return'd 
into  the  Sheriffs  Custody,  and  upon  Entring  into  a  Recognizance,  according  to  the  Sentence  of  the 
Court,  they  were  released.  *  ; 

..^  [Ordera  Warrant!  Letten,  n.] 

A  Release  to  Ralph  Hall  &  Mary  his  wife  from  y«  Recognizance  they 
entred  into  at  the  Assizes. 
*^  These  Are  to  Certify  all  whom  it  may  Concerne  That  Ralph  Hall  &  Mary  his  wife  (at  present 
living  upon  Great  Minifords  Island)  are  hereby  released  &  acquitted  from  any  k  all  Recognizances, 
bonds  of  appearance  or  oth'  obligationS'-entred  into  by  them  or  either  of  them  for  the  peace  or 
good  behavio^  upon  account  of  any  accusation  or  Indictem'  upon  suspition  of  Witch  Craft  brought 
into  the  Co^t  of  Assizes  against  them  in  the  year  16C5.  There  haueviug  bcene  no  direct  proofes 
nor  furth'  prosecucon  of  them  or  eith'  of  them  since — Giuen  und'  my  hand  at  Fort  James  in  New 
Yorke  this  i\^  day  of  August  1668.  R.  NICOLLS. 


TRIAL    rOH   WlTCUCRArT.     I' 


87 


'd 


[Court  of  AmIm  Book.] 

Ah  Ord'  for  Katherlne  Harrison  to  Remove  fhnu  Wostcliesf. 
Whereas  Complaint  hath  beene  made  unto  me  by  y  Inliabltants  of  Wcstchest'  ug'  Katlu'iine 
Harrison  late  of  Wetliersfelld  In  his  Ma''«  Colony  of  Connectlcott  wiiidow.  Tliat  contrary  to  y»» 
consent  &  good  liking  of  y*  Towne  she  would  settle  amongst  tliem  &  she  being  reputed  to  be  a  person 
lyelng  und'  y"  supposlcon  of  Witchcraft  hath  given  some  cause  of  apprehension  to  y»  Inhabitants 
there,  To  y*  end  llielr  Jealousyes  &.  feares  as  to  tills  perticuler  may  be  removed,  I  have  thought  fltt 
to  ord'  &  appoint  that  y«  Constable  &,  Overseers  of  y«  Towne  of  Westchest'  do  glue  warning  to 
y*  suid  Katherlne  Harrison  to  remove  out  of  their  p'cincts  In  some  short  tyme  after  notice  giuen 
and  tliey  are  likewise  to  admonish  her  to  retorne  to  y"  place  of  her  former  abode,  that  they 
nor  their  neighbours  may  receive  no  further  disturbance  by  her,  Given  und'  my  hand  at  tfort  James 
in  Now  Yorke  this  7«»»  day  of  July,  1670. 

An  Ord' for  Katherlne  Harrison  &  Capt"  Richard  Panton  to  appeare 
at  y«  ffort  before  y»  Governo'. 
Whereas  Complaint  hath  beene  made  unto  me  by  y'  Inhabitants  of  Westchest'  ag'  Katherlne 
Harrison  wlddow  That  she  doth  neglect  to  relUse  or  obey  my  late  Ord'  concerning  her  removall 
out  of  y«  said  Towne,  These  are  to  require  yo"  that  yo"  give  notice  unto  the  said  Katherlne  Harrison 
as  also  imto  Capt"  Richard  Panton  at  whose  house  she  resydeth,  That  they  make  their  personall 
appearance  before  me  in  this  place  on  Wednesday  next  being  y"  24"<  of  this  Instant  month,  when 
tiu^e  of  y"  Towne  that  have  ought  to  object  ag*  them  doe  likewise  attend,  where  I  shall  edeavo' 
a  Composure  of  this  dltference  betweene  them.  Given  und'  my  hand  at  flfort  James  in  New  Yorko 
this  20»»»  day  of  August  1670. 

To  y«  Constable  of  Westchest'. 

A  warrant  to  y*  Constable  of  Westchest'  to  take  an  Account  ol 
y«  Goods  of  Katherlne  Harrison. 
These  are  to  require  yo^  to  take  an  Account  of  such  Goods  "as  haue  lately  beene  brought  fro  n  ont 
of  his  Mat'**  Colony  of  Connectlcott  unto  Katherlne  Harrison  &  having  taken  a  note  of  y«  pticulers 
that  yo"  retorne  y«  same  unto  me  for  y«  doeiug  whereof  this  shall  be  yo'  warrant,  Given  und'  my 
hand  at  ffort  James  in  New  Yorke  this  2b*^  day  of  August  1670. 
To  y«  p'sent  Constable  of  Westchester. 

An  Ord'  concerning  Katherlns  Harrison. 
Whereas  seuerall  Adresses  haue  beene  made  unto  me  by  some  of  y«  Inlmbitants  of  Westchest'  on 
behalfe  of  yo  rest  desiring  that  Katherlne  Harrison  late  of  Wetliersfelld  in  his  Mat'**  Colony  of  Con- 
nectlcott wlddow  at  p'sent  residing  in  their  Towne  may  be  ordered  to  remove  from  thence  &  not 
permitted  to  stay  w^hin  their  Jurisdiction  upon  an  apprehension  they  have  of  her  grounded  upon 
some  troubles  she  hath  layne  und' at  Wethersteild  upon  suspition  of  Witchcraft,  the  reasons  whereof 
do  not  so  clearly  appeare  unto  me,  Yett  notw">standing  to  glue  as  much  satisfaction  as  may  be  to  y" 
Comp'*»  who  p'tend  their  feares  to  be  of  a  publique  Concerne  I  have  not  thought  fltt  absolutely 
to  determyne  y«  matt'  at  p'sent,  but  do  suspend  it  untill  y«  next  Gen''i  Co"  of  Assizes,  when  there 
will  be  a  full  meeting  of  y«  Councell  &  Justices  of  y*  peace  to  debate  &  conclude  y«  same.  In  y" 
raeane  tyme  y«  said  Katherlne  Harrison  w*""  her  Children  may  remaine  in  the  Towne  of  Westchest' 
where  she  now  is  w">out  disturbance  or  molestation,  she  having  given  sufficient  security  for  her 
Civill  carriage  &  good  behaviour.  Given  und'  my  hand  at  ffort  James  in  New  York  this  25t>>  day 
of  August  in  y"  22">  yeare  of  his  Ma*'**  Raigne  Annoq  Domini  1670. 


i 


i! 


WB  TtuL  lOA  wrNMoaAn. 

An*  1670. 

Appeal!,  Aotloni,  PreMOtm**  &o.  Entaed  for  Hearing  &,  Tryall  at  y*  Gen*>' 
Ck>'*  of  AaaizM  to  bee  held  in  New  Yorke  beginning  on  the  Ant 
Wednesday  of  Ootob'  1670. 
Katherine  Hariyion  bound  over  to  4ppeare  upon  y«  Comp>*  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Weitcheiter 
upon  Busplcon  of  Wltch-oraft. 

In  the  oaae  of  Katherine  Harryson  Widdow,  who  was  bound  to  the  good  Behaviour  upon  Compit 
of  some  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Westoliester  yntlll  y«  holding  of  this  Court,  It  Is  Ordered,  that  In  regard 
there  Is  nothing  appears  against  her  deserving  the  oontinuanee  of  that  obllgaoon  shee  Is  to  bee 
releast  ftom  it,  k  hath  Liberty  to  remalne  in  the  Towne  of  Westchester  where  shee  now  resides,  or 
any  where  else  in  the  Oovemm*  during  her  pleasure. 


•a:' 


:'-  i-i\ 


■J  V:!;  ^,-,v..  >■•:■■  ■  '  t,i>''. 


■:,'-.    V''! 


■%,4 


*"f^|^iV^  •-"•-''••' 


Via* 


ASSESSMENT    BOLLS 


i.'ii  ■ 


■  At" 


or 

.   K  ,        *       4    »•• 


THE     FIVE     DUTCH     TOWNS 


IK 


;'•,.■,':>.      '':;■-'..    >:    ,»'• 


KING'S  COUNTY,  L.  I. 


i 


ir 


1675. 


ij 


y.f'  h^   \  "- 


■■■/;  :.;  ' 


.5- 


i! 


[  TraulaM  flrom  the  Origliud  Dutch  MS.  ] 


I  *       X, 


Vci.  IT. 


IS 


x 


I 


1 1, 


Ik    i 


■     \  >  ■ 

ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OP  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY  IN  BOSWYCK,  MADE  UP 
,_ ON  THE  19th  AUGUST,     1675.  ..    ,  . ..,,,..  , 

'"*'.'.:.  -.■  ^, 

PiETER  Parmentir  :  3  polls,  2  horses,  3  oxen,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.,  3  ditto  of 

2  yrs.,  2  ditto  of  1  year,4hogs JBUS.IO        .      ,,, 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley 64 

212.10 

Jan  Cornelise  Dame  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  6  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  years,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs, 

3ditto  of  1  yr.,  16  sheep,  8  hogs £124 

28  morgens  of  land  and  valley 56  , 

180 

JoosT  KoECKWYTT  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  8  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  2  '  •' 

ditto  of  1  yr.,  6  sheep,  1  hog JE99 

15  morgens  of  land  and  valley 30 

129 

PiETEB  Jansg  Witt  :  3  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs,  7  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs,  4 

ditto  of2  yrs.  8  ditto  of  1  yr.  3  hogs,  13  sheep X175.10 

50  morgens  of  land  and  valley 100 

275.10 

WouTTER  GisBERSE  :  1  poll,  3  Iiorscs,  4  cows,  3  ditto  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yss.  3 

ditto  of  1  yr.  2  sheep je96      .       .    , , ; 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

132 

Jan  Paris  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  15  sheep, £86 

23  morgens  of  land  and  valley 46 

132    ' 

Charles  Fonttein  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yy-s.  2  oxen,  10  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  2ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs jei22 

'  40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80      •     '  ' 

202     ' 

Evert  Hedeman  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  1  hog X53 

,   13  J  morgens  of  land  and  valley 27 

80 

Jaques  Cossartt  :  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  hog,  5  sheep, ^ . . .    £31 

5  morgens  of  land 10 

41 

Pieter  Schamp  :  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  sheep,  3  morgens  of  land 34. 10 

Adriaen  de  la  Forge  :  1  poll,  1  cow,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs 25.10 

GisBERT  Theonisse  :  2  polls,  3  horses,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  cows,  2 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog,  10  sheep £129 

22  morgens  of  land  &  valley 44 

173 

Charles  Holsman  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows £45 

11  morgens  of  laud  &  valley 22 

67 


!,       ,  ^.|!!HiiW.jg 


02  ASSESSMENT    ROLLS  Of  KINGS   COUNTY. 

^ 

Stas  de  6R0OTT  :  1  poll,  I  horse,  1  cow 

CoRNELis  Jansen  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs.  1  cow  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yrs    i:37.10 
morgens  of  land  and  valley 8 

Jam  Cornelise  Zecw  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  5  sheep, 54 

ITmorgensof  land  and  valley, 34 

Caspeert  Jansen  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  cow £13 

3  morgens  of  land 6 

PiETTER  Jansen  Zeuw  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  2  jrrs.  1  cow 

Onfre'Kley  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto 

of  1  yr JEl  2t) 

.    12  morgens  of  land  and  valley , ....      24 

Jan  Jansen  :  2  polls,  1  cow  of  2  yrs.  1  hog 

Jan  Jorese  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  5  cows,  3  sheep,  1  hog, JE80 .  10 

6  morgens  of  land 10 

Alexander  Coqueuertt  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  2  sheep,  1  hog £32 

2  morgens  of  laud 4 

VoLCKERT  DiERCKSE  :  2  poUs,  3  horscs,  Id*  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  cows,  4 

do  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  hogs £129 

25  morgens  of  land  &  valley 50 

Jan  Ariaensen  :  1  poll,  3  cows,  1  d»  of  3  yrs.  2  d»  of  1  yr.  3  hogs,  2  sheep £44 

3  morgens  of  land 6 

Arie  Cornelise  Vogel  :  2  polls,  3  sheep 

Amador  Foupier  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs £47 

21  morgens  of  land  &  valley 44 

Seibien  H aeckx  :  1  poll, 

Jarecq  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Nelttie  Jans  :  2  cows,  3  sheep 

Jan  Jansen  Kuiper  :  1  poll, 

DiERCK  VoLCKEHSE  :  1  poU,  3  IioTSCS,  1  of  2  yrs.  2  of  1  yr.  3  cows,  1  of  3  yrs.  1 

of  1  yr.  6  sheep jE88 

36  morgens  of  land  &  valley 72 

Jabeoq  DiERCKSE  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  cow,  1  sheep, £43 .  10 

5  morgens  of  land 10 

Henorick  Barbnsk  Smitt  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  6 

cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  yr.  3  ho^^s,  3  sheep. . .  £154 
20  morgens  of  land  &  valley 40 

1  Incorrectl.v  printed.  "  OuBo"  in  Vol  :  II. 


3' 

45.10 

88 

79 
40 


150 
39. la 


90.10 
36 

179 

50 
37.10 


91 
18 
18 
11 
18 


160 
53.10. 

194 


ABICWMEMT   ROLUI  Or  KIMu'l   OOUMTT.  9ft' 

Joseph  Hael  :  1  poll,  1  COW, W 

WiLLEM  Jacobse  :  1  poll ^  18 

Thkunes  Gisbebse  Bogaertt  :  8  morgens  of  valley 16 

The  valuation  of  the  Real  and  personal  property  in  Boawyok  amounts  to je3174 .  10 

ASSESSMENT  OF  THE  REAL   AND  PERSONAL    PROPERTY    OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF 
BREUCKLEN,  MADE  UP  ON  THE  20th  AUGUST,  ANNO.  1675 

Theunes  Jansen:  3  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  oxen,  4  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  .f,-,. 

yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  hogs, X169 

.  23  moreens  of  land  and  valley, 46 

^  p    215 

Claes  Arense  :  3  polls,  1  horse,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of 

1  yr JE94 

14  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 28 

122. 

Mattheis  Brouwer:  1  poll,  2  cows, 28 

11  morgen  valley,  3    ' 

31 

Paulus  Vander  B(>ecke:  2  polls,  2  horses,  4  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.    £93.10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 40 

183.10 

Jan  Pietterse,  the  Elder  :  1  poll,  4  oxen,  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  ditto  of  1  year,   Je85 .  10 
16  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 32 

117.10 

Jan  Cornelise  Buis :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  12 

sheep, 59 

Dierck  Stoorm  :  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  hog, 33 

Nicklaes  Backer :  1  poll  1  horse,  3  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  hogs,    JC61 .10 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 36. 

97.10 

Joost  Fransen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2  yr.  2 

ditto  of  1  year JE76.10 

10^  morgens  land  and  valley 21 

97.10 

Cornells  Corse  Vroom :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  year,  3  cows,  2  ditto  of  2 

years,  1  ditto  of  1  year,  4  sheep,  2  hogs dE70 

22  morgens  of  land  and  valley 44 

114 

Jan  Pietterse  Mackelyck  :'  1  poll,  4  oxen,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.,  2  hogs ^£65. 10 

12  morgens  land  and  valley 24 

89  10 

Dierck  Cornelise  Hooglantt :  3  polls,  2  horses,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  3  ditto  of 

1  yr.,2hogs JE119.10 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

135.10 

1  Incorrectly  printed  "Mackensie"  in  the  second  volume. 


f 


■    I 


!  M 


94  ASBEssMEtrr  bolls  of  kings  county. 

Paulus  Micklelse  Van  der  Voortt :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yra.,  2  oxen,  3  cows,  1 

ditto  of  3  yrs.,  1  ditto  of  1  yr .n. JE58.10 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

WiHem  Willemse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  oxen,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4  ditto  of 

1  yr.,  1  hog je96 

I3|  morgens  of  land  and  valley 27 

Dlerck  Hattum  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  1  cow,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs 37 .  10 

1^  morgen  of  land 3 

Khem  Jansen  :  3  polls,  5  horses,  8  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4 

ditto  of  1  year,  2  hogs £188 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 38 

Frederick  Lubberse  :  1  poll,  6  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.,  7  sheep  JE56.10 

1 5  morgens  of  land  and  valley 30 

Pietter  van  Neestt :  1  poll,  5  cows,  2  hogs 45 

5^  mci^ensland  and  valley 11 

Pietter  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  4  ditto  of  1  yr.  ...  jeso .  10 

8  morgens  of  land 16 

Big  Jan  :  2  polls,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  1  ditto  of  1  yr 44 

2  moi^ens  of  valley 4 

Johannes  Christeifel :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows 40 

,::  ^     6  morgens  of  land  and  valley 12 

Thomes  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows 

Conradus  vander  Beeck :   1  poll,  2  oxen,  3  cows £15 

14  morgens  of  laud  and  valley 28 

Ackeys  Jansen  :  1  poll,  1  cow 

Paulus  Dierckse  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  2  oxen,  7  c^)ws,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  5  ditto  of 

1  yr.j.'J  hogs jei22.10 

12  morgens  of  laud  and  valley 24 

Dierck  Pauluse  :  1  poll,  I  horse  of  3  yr.  3  cows,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1 

yr.  1  hog, jESe.lO 

12  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 24 

Wcynautt  Pietterse  :  1  poll,  2  liorses,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  2  ditto  of  1  yr .€62 .  10 

5  morgen  of  land  10 

Adam  Brouwor  :  2  polls,  2  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  sheep,  1  hog JE60 

1 J  morgen  of  valley 3 


1     |.T,>-^'-. 

78.10 


123 
40.10 

226 
86.10 
56 

96.10 
48 

52 

52 


73 
23 


140.10 


80.10 


72.10 


—  63 


8U.10 
72.10 
63 


AUSaSMEMT    ROLLS   OF    KINO's   COUNTY. 

Johannes  Marcuse  •.  1  poll • .*.. 5.'- ! 

Euertt  Hendrickse  :  1  poll .  ^,,   ,-,■; 

Gerritt  Croesen  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yra.  3  ditto  of  2  yra.  2  . " 

ditto  of  1  yr.  3  Ixogs X71 .  10 

14  morgens  land  &  valley 28 

Egbert  Steuense  :  1  poU 

Seimen  Aersen  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  3  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  3  hogs £51 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20    '  '' 

Fietter  Pietterse  :  1  poll  1  horse ••. . 

Lambert  Jansen  Dortlantt :  1  poll  4  cows £38 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

Jerom  de  Rappallie  :  3  polls,3  cows,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  horse £82. 10 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

Daniel  de  Rappallie  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow 

Seimen  Claessen  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow  1  do  of  3  yrs.  2  hogs £41 

6  morgens  of  land 12 

Theimes  Oisbertse  Bogaertt :  3  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  oxen,  14  cows,  6  - 

ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  ditto  of  2  yrs,  10  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  hogs £247 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

Susanne  Dubbels  :  2  oxen,  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.,  3  ditto  of  1  yr £49 

8  molten  of  land  and  valley 16 

Pietter  Corse  :  1  poll 

Hendrick  Corse :  2  polls,  2  horses,  2  sheep jE61 

TO  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

Hendrick  Thejrmese :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows jE45 

3  morgens  of  land 6 

Thomes  Lamberse :  2  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  year,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3 

year,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  1  hog £129.10 

23  morgens  land  and  valley 46 

Jan  Gerrittse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto 

of  1  yr.  2  sheep  1  hog je71 

11 J  morgens  of  land  and  valley 23 

Jean  Aersen :  1  poU,  4  horses,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  year,  1  hog. . 
Jufif w  Potters :  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of 

lyr.2hogs , £44.10 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 


I  .  t 


05 

,48 

."<(/ 

99.10 

18 

71 

30 

54 


98 
35 


53 


327 

65 
18 

81 
51 

175.10 


94 
87.10 


80.10 


f^ 


R^*?pe*.2aMi 


T%Bm 


•, 


<     i! 


if: 


96  AMCnMEKT   HOLM  OF   KINfi's   COUNTY. 

Dlerok  Janse  Voertman :  1  poll,  3  hones,  3  00W8 X57  ,   <. 

9  morgens  land  and  valley 18  t 

— —         76    ,. 
Maerten  Ryene :  1  poll,  4  hones,  1  ditto  of  3  yean,  6  cowi,  1  ditto  of  3  yean, 

2  ditto  of  2  yn.  i  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog X115.10 

3U  morgens  of  land  and  valley 63 

178.10 

Catherine  Jerontmus :  1  ox,  1  oow 11 

Jabeok  Giabertse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yn.  3  ditto  of  2  yn.  1 

ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs Ml 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

83 

Jan  Frederiokse :  1  poll,  2  oows,  1  morgen  of  valley 80 

Baerent  Hegberttse  :  1  poll,  1  cow,  3  ditto  of  3  yn.  1  ditto  of  2  yean,  2  ditto 

of  1  year X40.10 

4  morgen  of  land  and  valley 8 

48.10 

Jan  Hansen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yn.  2  ditto  of  2  yn.  1  ditto  of 

lyr.4hogs X80.10 

10  morgens  of  land  and  valley 20 

100.10 

PietterJansen:  1  poll,  1  horse.  Scows JC45 

8  morgens  of  land  and  valley 16 

61 

Michil  Hansen :  I  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yn.  2  ditto  of  2  yn. . . .    JC75 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

115 

Wouter  Geisse:  1  poll 18 

Andries  Jurianse :  2  polls,  4  horses,  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yn.  1  ditto  of  1  yr. 

4  sheep X124.10 

28  morgens  of  land  and  valley 56 

180  10 

Jan  Gillese :  1  poll,  1  hog ...  19 

Joores  Jacobse :  3  polls,  5  horses,  I  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yn.  2  ditto 

of  2  yn.  4  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs £167 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80 

247 

Total  amount  of  the  valuation  of  the  Jurisdiction  of  Breuckelen X5,204 


I-' 


Ill 


ASSCSIMRNT    ROLU  Or    KINC't  OOUMTV.  i||^' 

ASSESSMENT  ROLL  OP  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL    PROPERTY  OF  THE  INHABITANTS 
OF  MIDDELWOUT,  MADE  UP  ON  THE  22(1  AUGUST,  ANNO.  1676. 

Titus  Slrlx  :  3  polls,  3  horses,  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  7  cows,  6  ditto  of  3  yrs.  4  ditto  of  •:  '  ' 

lyr.Ohoga ill''3 

25  moraens  land  aud  valley 50 

223 

Dierck  Jansen  van  der  Vliett :   2  polls,  3  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  years 

Idittooflyr X98.10 

16  mc'^eD''        ind  and  valley 32 

130. Ip 

Stoffel  proouo».y  :  1 ,     .1  horse,  1  ditto  of  3  yto.  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto 

of  1  yr.  1  hog JC61 

16  moreens  land  and  valley 32 

93 

Gerrit  Lubersc  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  6  cows,  5  hogs £89 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40  .  '  - 

129 

Seimea  Luberse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  3  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1 

ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog X84.10 

13  morgens  of  laud  and  valley 26 

110.10 

Aucke  Janse :  1  poll,  2oxen,  4  cows,  5  sheep, £52 

20  morgens  of  land  and  vaUey 40 

92 

Beyn  Jansen :  2  polls,  3  horses,  3  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs JC92 

13  morgens  of  land  and  valley 26 

118 

Dierck  Jansen  Hoglant :  1  poU,  2  horses,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  years,  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  1  hog X67 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

107 

Arie  Reyerse  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  5  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto 

of  2  years,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs X109 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

149 

Dierck  Jansen  :  1  poll , 18 

Claes  Willekes  ;  1  poll 18 

Jan  Harraense  :  1  poll 18 

Aers  Jansen  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  3  cows  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs . . .    £83 .  10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley , 40 

123.10 

Jan  Barense  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  3  cows 45 

Hans  Christoffel :  1  poU,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1  hog 58 

Hendrick  Willemse :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows,  2  hogs £59 

15  morgens  of  land  and  valley, 30 

89 

Vol.  IV.  13  * 


Kl 


ft  AMESIMBNT   BOLU  OF  KINq's   OOUMTV. 

Joores  Willemse :  1  poll,  2  hones,  2  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  hogs Ml 

15  murgeus  uf  land  &  valley 30 

Barteltt  Claesse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto 

of  1  yr.  1  hog £m 

12  morgens  of  land  &  valley 24 

Jabecq  Hendrickse  :  I  poll,  4  horses,  3  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  year. .  je90 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Eldertt  Luberttse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  2  hogs, JE76 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Louis  Jansen  :  1  poll 

Jockem  Woutters  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  6  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  hog je63 .10 

17  morgens  of  land  &  valley 34 

Minne  Johannes  :  3  polls,  1  horse,  1  cow 

Reyn  Aersen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog 

Jan  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  oxen,  5  cows,  5  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2 

ditto  of  1  yr.  3  hogs JE113 

17  morgens  of  land  and  valley  .   ...    34 

Arie  Lambertse  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1 

ditto  of  1  yr.  4hogs jESS.IO 

24  morgens  of  land  &  valley 48 

Annetie  de  Bruin  :  2  horses,  2  cows JE34 

7  morgens  of  land 14 

Plotter  Loott :  1  poll,  2  horses,  6  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of 

1  yr.  2hogg JE96.10 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 

Leffertt  Pietterse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr jE57  .10 

17  morgens  of  land  &  valley 34 

Jan  Jansen  Feyn  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs 

Willem  Jacobse  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr,  2  oxen,  7 

cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr  , JE124.10 

24  morgens  of  land  &  valley 48 

Jan  Auckes  ;  1  poll,  1  liorse,  1  cow 

Pietter  Gullllamse  :  1  poll,  6  oxen,  5  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  hogs £87 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

Willem  Guilliamse:  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  oxen,  7  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  jE104  .  10 

16  morgens  of  land  &  valley 32 


92 


101 


122 


108 
18 


97.10 

71 

73.10 


147 

136.10 

48 

128.10 

91.10 
47.10 


172.10 
35 


123 


136.10 


iiii 


i 


ACSEatMKNT   BOLLS  OF  KINo'l  C»UMTy.  90 

Lambert  Jansen  :  1  poll If 

Jan  Streioker :  3  polls,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  12  cows,  2  ditto  ol  3  yrs.  3 

dittoof2yr8.  5  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs , JB178 

30  morgens  of  land  and  valley 60  *      • 

283 

Hendrick  Strelcker  :  1  poll,  2  horses £i2 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

66 

Barentt  Barense  :  1  poll 18 

Arie  Heudrickse  :  1  poll,  2  horses  of  1  yr.  1  cow,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  of  • 

1  yr.  1  hog M 

Arie  Andriese  :  1  poll,  1  horse,  I  cow {jjS 

Qerritt  Siiedeger  :   1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ox,  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of 

lyr.  6  liogs JBllT.lO 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

1B7.10 

Cornells  Janse  Zeuw  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  5  cows £19 

30  morgens  of  land  &  valley (iO 

139 

Caterine  Hegemans :  3  polls,  5  horses,  4  oxen,  10  cows,  6  ditto  of  3  years,  4 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs je22a 

36  morgens  of  land  &  valley 72 

301 

Hendrick  Joorese  :  1  poll,  3  Iiorses,  11  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  yr . . . .  £124 

17  morgens  of  land  and  valley 34 

158 

Gisbert  Jtmsen  :  1  poll 18 

Cornells  Berry  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  7  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  3  sheep  XI 08 

23  morgens  of  land  &  valley 46 

154 

Cornells  Jacobse  :  1  poll 18 

Hendrick  Coruelise  Slechtt :  1  poll,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  year, 

4  hogs, JE37.10 

3  morgens  oi  land 6 

43.10 

Jacob  Jansen  :  1  poll 18 

Cornells  Barense  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  5  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2 

ditto  of2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog i;i04.10 

15  morgens  of  land  and  vaUey 36 

140.10 

Jan  Sebringh :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  hogs  XI 32 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 38 

170 

Balttes  Barense  :  1  poll,  2  cows 28 

Claes  Barense  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs.  1  cow  of  2  yrs 28,10 

Stoflfel  Jansen  :  1  poll,  1  horse  of  3  yrs 26 

Total  amount  of  tlie  valuation  of  the  property  of  Middelwout X5079 . 1 6 


V 


!  [    I 


1 


IM  AURMIMBMT    UOUM  Of  nMO  •   COVWtr. 

{V        ■"  •  . .        '■  't  I  'u ■-".■-■ :,  ■V.--T 

ASSESSMENT  BOLL  OF  THE  REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OP 

AMSFORTT,  MADE  UP  24tii  AUGUST,  1(575. 

.  '  •■  •'  1 

Oerrit  Rieunien  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  7  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  ditto  ol'  1  yr £125 .  10 

23  morgens  of  knd  and  valley IG 

171.10 

Hurnien  Heudrlckse  :  1  poll,3  hoi-ses, 5 cows,  1  dittoof  3yrs.  1  dittoof  2yr.  1  liog    i^HO.lO 

25  morgens  of  land  and  valley 50 

—    136.10 

Albert  Albertse  :  2  poll?,  3  horses,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs X125,10 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 58 

183.10 

Steuen  Cuertten  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  8  cows,  6  ditto  of  2  years,  2  hogs.. .  JCU? 

i  -    I  30  morgens  of  land  and  valley GO 

207 

Hans  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  4  cows,  1  ditto  of  1  year i;51 .  10 

-  17  morgens  of  land  and  valley 34 

85.10 

Pietter  Hendrickse  :  1  poll,  1  horse 30 

Swaen  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows i;52 

5  morgens  of  land 10 

62      ' 

Dierck  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows JE57 

7  morgens  of  land 14 

71 

Abraham  Joorese  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  oxen,  14  cows,  3  ditto  of  3 

yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  5  ditto  of  1  yr JE151.10 

35  morgens  of  land  and  valley 70 

221.10 

Willem  Jansen  van  Berckelo :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  cows 45 

Hendrick  Pietterse:  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  hog    JE92 

19  morgens  of  land  and  valley 39 

130 

Seimen  Jansen  :    2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  8  cows,  3  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of  2 

yrs.  3  dittoof  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  hogs £158.10 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley 64 

222.10 

Coert  Steueuse :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  oxen,  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3  ditto  of 

2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr jci34 

44  morgens  of  land  &  valley gg 

222 

Pieter  Monforth  :  1  poll ; . .  18 

Jan  Kiersen  :  2  polls,  ^  horses,  2  ditto  of  2  yrs.  4  cows,  4  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1 

ditto  of  1  yr.  4  sheep jeios 

31  morgens  of  land  and  valley G2 

167 


ABHGIIIIMEin'    ROM.I   OF    KINo's   OOVKtM. 

Wlllem  Gerrltts  :  2  polls,  3  horsen,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  6  cows,  2 

ditto  of  1  yrs.  3  ditto  of  3  yi-s.  3 ditto  of  2yr».  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  2hog9....  X1B7.10 
28  morgens  of  land  and  valley BO 

Dlerckie  Roeleffse  :  1  horso,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  1  hog i;25 .  10 

4  morgens  of  land 8 

W<llom  Dauittse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr JE68 

12  morgens  of  land  &  valley 24 

Jan  RoelefTse  :  2  j^olls,  4  horses,  1  ox,  10  vows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2 

yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  sheep,  2  liogs X156 .  10 

62  morgens  of  land  and  valley ...     104 

Albertt  Alberttse,  Jim'' :  1   poll,  1   horse,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs 

Jacob  and  OerrittStreycker :  3  {Mtlls,  3  horses  5  oow»,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  6  hogs,  and 

1)  morgens  of  land 

Pietter  Cornelise  :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  4 

ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr.  2  hogs jCHl.lO 

24  morgens  of  land  &  valley 48 

Jan  Theunisse ,  1  poll  1  liorse 

Hendrick  Assuerus  :  1  poll 

Adam  Michilse  :  1  poll ~. 

Fernandes  van  Cickel  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows 

Luyckes  Steuense  :  1  poll,  3  liorses,  4  cows  1  ditto  of  1  yr X75 .  10 

20  morgens  of  land  &  valley 40 

Jan  Poppen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  cow 

Jan  Maerttense  ;  i  poll,  2  horses,  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  2  ditto  of  1  yr £Q2.  10 

10  morgens  of  land  &  Vulley 20 

Claes  Piettcrse  :  2  horses,  1  ox,  4  cows  1  ditto  ot  3  yrs.  1  hog i:55 

7  morgens  of  land , 14 

Willem  Willemse  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  4  cows JE86 

1 1  morgens  of  land  &  valley 22 

Willem  Hii ycken  :  1  poll,  3  cows 

Jan  Bronwer :  1  poll,  1  horse,  1  cow,  1  ditto  of  1  yr 

Pietter  Claesseii :  2  polls,  4  horses,  1  ditto  of  2  yr.  10  cows,  2  ditto  of  3  yrs.  3 

ditto  2  yrs.  4  sheep,  2  hogs JE158 

59  morgens  of  land  &  valley 118 

GillesJanson:  2 polls,  2 horses, 2  oxen,  3 cows  1  ditto  of  1  ye»'r JC88.10 

10  morgens  of  land  &,  valley 20 


213. 

10 

33. 

10 

98 

260 

10 

47 

.10 

132 


180.10 
30 
18 
18 
57 


115.10 
47 


82.10 
60 

108 
33 
36.10 

270 
108.10 


11 


:* 


i 


Iflii  AMOtMCKT    MOLLS   Or   KIKO  ■   OOVNTV. 

Arlaen  Pletteno  :  1  poll,  2  horwt,  2  cows XK3 

8  morgeus  of  luud  &  valley 16 

r    ■   ■••  .  .....  ..       ,.   .    .  ....  ■%.-.      «« 

.  ,  .■  Total  amount  of  the  whole  property  of  Amsfort JC40U8.10 

■\  .     ....       .  .     ,    .      .    .  ......  /  .      -'-,. 

'  •  « . 

tcA.'.'  •    .         .     '  '    ,      .  . 

ASSESSMENT   ROLL  OF  THE    REAL  AND  PERSONAL  PROPERTY  OF  THE  INHABITANTS 
OF  NEW   UYTRECHT,  MADE  UP  24tli  AUGUST,  1675. 

Jan  Hansen  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  2  ym.  1  ditto  of  1  yr X80 .  10 

40  morgeus  land  and  valley 80 

160.10 

Barent  Joosten  :  1  poll,  3  horses,  1  ditto  of  2  yrs.  7  cows,  4  ditto  of  2  yrs.  6 

ditto  of  1  yr.  3  hogs 114  10 

Anthony  Theunlsse  :  1  poll,  1  horse 30 

Theunes  Jansen  van  Feltt :  2  polls,  4  horses,  4  cows £104 

32  morgens  of  land  and  valley 64 

168 

Jacob  Bastiaense  :  1  poll 18 

Crein  Jansen :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  ditto  of  1  yr X45 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

69 

Jan  Gisberttse :  1  poll 18 

Jean  Van  ClefT :  1  poll,  1  horse,  4  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  yr X&5 

40  morgens  of  land  and  valley 80  . 

136 

Jan  Jansen  Van  Dyck :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  1  yr X53 .  10 

16  morgens  of  land 23 

86.10 

Glsbert  Theyse  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  2  ditto  of  2  yrs. . . .    X61 

18  morgens  of  land  and  valley 36 

97 

Hendrick  Mattheise :  1  poll,  4  horses,  3  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  3  ditto  of  1  yr . . .    £03 

20  morgens  of  land  and  valley 40 

133 

Carel  Jansen  van  Dyck  :  2  polls,  2  horses,  3  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  yrs.  I  ditto  of  1  yr.    X84 

24  morgens  of  land  and  valley 48 

132 

Huibert  Jansen  Stock  :  1  poll 18 

Jan  Jansen  van  Rheyn  :  2  polls,  1  horse  of  2  yrs.  6  cows,  2  ditto  of  1  year  ....    X69 

20  morgen  of  land 40 

109 

Pietter  Jacobse  :  1  poll,  2  cows 28 

Theys  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  oxen,  2  cows,  1  ditto  of  3  yrs.  1  ditto  of  1  yr.  1  hog . . . .    JE46 .  10 

12  morgens  of  land 24 

'  70.10 


AMMIMKNT    ROI.M   Or    KINO'l   COVMTV. 


J«n  CIrment :  1  liorsc, 'i  cowh,  1  ditto  of  1   yr 

Jan  Mu)i8«n)l :  1  \to\\,  2  nx«n,  2  cows X40 

12  inorgens  of  laud 24 


Anthony  Van  der  Eycke  :  1  ^joU,  2  hones,  2  cowi,  2  ditto  of  3  yn.  1  Itug X61 

12  morgeni  of  land 24 


Jau  van  Deuenter :  2  polls,  2  hones,  1  ditto  of  3  yn.  3  cows,  1  ditto  of  1  yr. 

2  hogs < 

Liiyokes  Mayene  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  1  cow,  4  dlttoof  3  yn.  2  ditto  of  2  yn.  3  hogs    X67 
20  morgans  of  land 40 


Jan  Verckerck  :  3  polls,  5  horses,  2  ditto  of  1  yr.  4  cows,  10  sheep X144 

72  morgens  of  land  and  valley 144 


Rutger  Joostten  :  1  poll,  5  horses,  4  cows,  8  ditto  of  3  yn.  2  ditto  of  2  yn.  2 

dlttoof  1  yr.  13  sheep,  1  hog X144.10 

72  morgens  of  land  and  valley 144 

Jan  Oerrittse  :  24  morgens  of  land « 

Jacob  Oerrittse  :  24  morgens  of  laud ,  , 

Ackeys  Jansen  :  12  morgens  of  land 

Laurens  Jansen  :  1  poll,  2  horses,  2  cows X52 

24  morgens  of  land 48 


Hans  Harmense :  1  poll,  3  horses,  6  cows,  3  ditto  of  2  vn.  '^  ditto  of  1  yr.  5 

sheep,  1  hog X94 

24  morgens  of  land 48 


Arie  Willemse  :  1  poll,  4  horses,  6  cows X06 

24  morgens  of  land  and  valley 48 


103 
41.10 

64 

85 
86.10 

107 
288 


288.10 
48 
48 
24 


100 


142 


144 


Total  amount  of  the  entire  property  of  New  Uytreoht, X2,8&2 . 1 0 


VALUATION  OP  THE  FI\  I^   luTCH  TOWNS,  IN  AUGUST,  1675. 

Poandi.  ih.  Gnfld.  it. 

3,174.10.0,  valuation  of  BoswyrV ,  at  1  stiver  in  the  pound 158.14.8  X13.  4.6 

5,204.         valuation  of  Breuc}:elen 260.4.  21.13.8 

5,079.10.0,  valuation  of  Uliudelwout 253.19.8  21.  3.4 

4,008.10.0,  valuation  of  Amsfortt 200.  8.8  16.14. 

2,852.10.0,  valu.'.tion  of  New  Uytrecht 142.12.8  1 1 .17.8 

Total,20,319.         valuation  of  the  5  Towns  @  1  stiv.  per  pound 1016.19.  X84.13.2 


104 


AWBSSMEirr  BOLLa  OF  KINGS   COUNTY. 


The  valuacon  of  all  tlie  five  Dutch  villages  amounts,  as  you  see  above,  to  2031  pounds  Sterl'g, 
reckoning  the  county  rates  at  1  penny  in  the  pound,  4hey  amount  to  84  pounds  13  shlllgs  and  2 
pence  SterFg,  or  in  current  pay  to  1 ,01 5  guilders  13  shiligs;  property  being  rated  as  follows  : 


Each  man  @ JC18. 

Each  horse  <§> 12. 

Each  3  year  old  @ 8. 

Each  2  year  old  @ 5. 

Each  yearling  @ 3. 

Each  ox® 6. 

E:.ch  morgen  of  land  @  2  pounds  Sterling, 
The  wIk^  account,  errors  excepted,  most 
carefuUy  examined  by 

-     Your  idBfoctlonate  servant 


Each  cow  @ £5. 

Each  3  year  old  @ 4.     ■"' 

Each  2  year  old  @ 2.10. 

Each  yearling  @ 1.10. 

Each  hog  @ 1. 

Each  sheep  @ 8.6 


MICHEL  HAINELLE 
Gerk. 


„•}     V»'. 


.-.v.  IV  : 


i    \::'^~ 


-r.' 


'}\ 


IX. 


STATE 


OF  THE 


I 


3sa 


PROVINCE    OF   NEW   YORK 


1738. 


Vol. 


IT. 


14 


!    I      l| 


STATE  OF  TIIE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK :  1738. 

[Council  Mir.:  XVII.  ] 

In  Council ;  New  York  b^*>  Jan'y  1737. 
His  Honor  (Lt  Gov  Clark)  laid  before  the  Board  several  Queries  being  Twenty  in  number 
relating  to  this  Province,  which  were  sent  to  lum  by  the  Lords  of  Trade  which  having  been  read 
were  ordered  to  be  entered  in  the  Miunits  and  are  as  follow  viz*. 

Queries  relating  to  His  Majesty^s  Province  ofJVew  York. 
N°  1.  What  is  the  situation  of  the  Province  under  your  Government,  the  nature  of  the  Country 
soil  &  Climate,  the  Latitudes  &  Longitudes  of  the  most  considerable  places  in  it,  or  the  neighbouring 
fifrench  or  Spanish  settlements  *?    Have  those  Latitudes  &  Longitudes  been  settled  by  good  observa- 
tions, or  only  by  common  Computations,  and  from  whence  are  the  Longitudes  Computed  1 

2.  What  are  the  Reputed  boundaries,  and  are  any  parts  thereof  Disputed,  what  parts  &  by  whom  1 

3.  What  is  the  Constitution  of  the  Government  1 

4.  What  is  the  Trade  of  the  Province,  the  number  of  sliiping,  their  tunnage,  and  the  niunber  of 
sea-fearing  men  with  y*  respective  Increase  or  Diminution  within  ten  years  past  1 

5.  What  Quantity  &  sorts  of  British  Manufactures  do  the  Inhabitants  annually  take  from  hence  1 

6.  What  Trade  has  the  Province  under  y«  Governm'  with  any  foreign  Plantations  or  any  pai't 
of  Europe,  besides  Great  Britain,  how  is  that  Trade  carried  on,  what  commoditys  do  the  people 
under  your  Government  send  to,  or  receive  from  foreign  plantations  1 

7.  What  methods  are  there  used  to  prevent  illegal  Trade,  and  are  the  same  effectual  1 

8.  What  is  the  Natural  produce  of  the  Country  staple-Commoditys  and  Manufactures,  and  what 
vallue  thereof  in  sterling  money  may  you  annually  Export  1 

9.  What  mines  are  there  1 

10.  What  is  the  number  of  Inhabitants  white  and  Blacks  ? 

11.  Are  the  Inhabitants  Increased  or  decreased  within  the  last  ten  years,  how  much  and  for 
what  reasons  1 

12.  What  is  the  number  of  the  Militia  1 

13.  What  fforts  and  places  of  Defence  are  there  within  your  Government,  and  in  what  Condition  ] 

14.  What  iiumber  of  Indi:  uS  have  you  and  hor  ai-e  they  inclined  1 

15.  What  is  the  strength  of  the  neighbouring  Indians? 

16.  What  is  the  strength  of  your  neighbouring  E-u-opeans  ffrench  or  Spaniards  ? 

17.  What  effect  have  the  ffrencli  or  Spanish  F^tttlements  on  tlie  Continent  of  America  upon  His 
Majesty's  plantations,  especially  on  your  province  1 

18.  What  is  the  Revenue  arising  within  your  Government  and  how  Is  it  appropriated? 

19.  Wliat  are  the  ordinary  and  extraordinary  Exjjeuces  of  your  Government? 

20.  What  are  the  Establishments  civil  &  military  within  your  Government,  and  by  what  authority 


mgtam 


108 


•TATE  or   THE   rROVINCE  OF   NEW    YORK. 


Do  the  offlcei-8  hold  their  places  1 

And  to  the  End  His  Honor  may  be  enabled  to  give  their  Lordships  the  greatest  satisfaction 
concerning  them  and  the  most  certain  distinct  and  perfect  answers  thereto  that  possibly  can  be 
procured  or  made.  It  is  Ordered  that  the  two  first  Queries  be  sent  to  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq' 
His  M^esty's  'Purveyor  General  of  Land  for  this  Province  for  liim  to  make  an  answer  thereto  and 
transmit  the  same  to  liis  Honor. 

That  the  4Ui  5t>>  6<>>  7ti<  8'i>  be  sent  to  the  Collector  of  His  Mijesty's  Customs  and  that  he  return 
an  answer  thereto. 

AfS  to  the  10t)>  Query  that  Orders  issue  to  the  Sherriffs  of  the  several  Countys  within  this  Province, 
to  transmit  a  particular  and  exact  account  of  the  number  of  Inhabitants,  both  Whites  and  Blacks 
in  their  respective  Countys,  Distinguishing  in  Columns  for  that  purpose  to  be  made,  the  number  of 
Whites,  Males  and  Females  above  and  under  Ten,  and  the  number  of  Blacks,  Males  and  Females 
above  and  under  that  age,  so  that  a  particular  account  may  appear  not  only  of  the  whole  number  of 
Inhabitants  in  each  respective  County,  but  also  of  the  particular  species  or  kind  of  Inhabitants  of 
both  Colours  and  sexes  above  and  under  the  age  aforesaid ;  and  for  their  better  guidance  and 
direction  in  the  doing  thereof.  It  is  Ordered  that  tlie  Clerk  do  send  to  each  of  the  Sherriifs  respect- 
ively a  sample  or  Form,  in  wMch  such  accoimts  are  so  to  be  taken  and  made  ;  and  that  the  same 
may  be  taken  with  as  much  certainty,  as  the  nature  of  the  Thing  will  possibly  admit ;  It  is  Ordered 
that  the  Sherriffs  of  the  said  several  Countys  be  directed  to  Issue  their  Precepts  or  Summons's  to 
the  Constables,  or  other  nnder  officers  of  the  several  Towns,  Parishes,  Districts  and  Precincts,  in 
each  of  their  respective  County's,  requiring  them  to  transmit  to  each  of  the  Sherrifik  respectively  as 
soon  as  conveniently  may  be  a  particular  account  of  the  number  of  Inhabitants  in  manner  ae  afore- 
said, in  each  of  their  respective  Towns  parishes  precincts  or  Districts. 

As  to  the  12^  Quere — ^That  orders  be  sent  to  the  Collondls  of  the  several  Regiments  of  militia 
in  the  several  Countys  within  this  province,  for  them  to  send  a  particular  account  of  the  number  of 
Men,  Horse  and  ffoot  in  each  of  their  respective  Regiments. 

As  to  the  14^  15  16u>  &  17<>>  Queres  Ordered  that  the  same  be  tent  to  the  Commissioners  of 
Indian  afRiires  for  them  to  return  an  answer  thereto. 


OBSERVATIONS 


ON    THE 


of 


SITUATION,    SOIL,   CLIMATE, 

WATER   COMMUNICATIONS 

BOUNDARIES    &c. 

OF   THE 

PROVINCE    OF    NEW    YORK. 

By  Cadwallader  Golden  Esq. 
I  Sorreyor  General. 

1738. 


[From  a  IfS.  in  (he  hand  writing  of  (he  Author.] 


PROVINCE  or  NEW  YORK,     feb'v  14>^  1737  I  8. 


To  the  Honourable  Geokoi:  Clahke  Esq  Lieut'  Ouuverneur  of  the 

Proviuce  of  New  York  &c. 
May  it  please  your  Honour. 

In  obedience  to  your  Honour's  Order  in  Council,  of  the  5th  of  the  last  month 
referring  to  me  the  following  Queries  from  tlie  Lords  of  Trade  &  Plantations  viz— 

No.  1.  "What  is  the  Scituation  of  the  Province  under  your  Government,  The  Nature  of  the 

ouerie.  (Void  the    "  9,*^""**'y>  ^oll,  &  Climate — The  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  the  most  considerable  places 

pilSi!^'''*^**™'  "^^  ^^»  °'  *''®  neighbouring  French  or  Spanish  Settlements'?    Have  those  Latitudes 

"  and  Longitudes  been  settled  by  good  Observations ;  or  only  by  common  Compu- 

"  tations,  and  from  whence  are  the  Longitudes  computed  1 

No.  2.  "  What  are  the  reputed  Boundaries  and  are  any  parts  tliereof  disputed :  what  parts  &  by 
"whom?" 

I  shall,  that  Answer  may  be  made  thereto,  mention  such  particulars  as  occur  to  me,  from  my  own 

knowledge,  or  the  Credible  Inform'^lion  of  others,  on  the  Subject  Matter  of  their  Lord?'  Queries,  & 

Class  tliem  in  the  same  order  observ'd  in  the  Queries. 

The  Scituation  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York  is  to  the  Eastward  of  the  Provinces  of  New  Jersey 

,  ^     &  Pensylvania  &  of  tlie  Indian  Countries  lying  to  the  Northward  &  Westward  of  Pen- 

Scitumlon  of  the  •'  jo 

Provuice  of  New  sylvaula  J  To  tlie  Southward  of  Canada  and  the  Indian  Countries  claimed  by  tlie 
Frencli,  &  To  the  Westward  of  the  Colonies  of  Massathusetts  Bay  &  Connecticut. 
The  nature  of  the  Country  is  more  uneven,  hilly,  stony,  &  rocky,  tlian  that  of  the  Provinces  to 
Nature  of  the  the  Southwai'd  of  It.  In  some  parts  it  is  mountainous.  At  about  40  miles  from  the 
toTii''eurfuc"''*°'  City  of  New  York  Northward,  a  chain  of  Mountains  of  about  10  miles  in  Breadth, 
Moamaiiu.  cuHimoly  Called  the  Highlands,  cross  Hudson's  River  running  many  miles  from  the 
Nortlieast  Southwestward.  About  90  miles  Northward  from  New  York  another  body  of  Mountains 
rise  on  the  west  side  of  Hudson's  River,  at  about  10  miles  from  the  River,  &  are  commonly 
called  tlie  Kaats  kill  Mountains  or  Blew  Hills.  From  these  Mountains  the  most 
northerly  &  main  Branches  of  Delaware  River,  some  Branches  of  Susquehana  River,  and 
several  of  Hudson's  River  take  their  rise. 

The  Southern  part  of  the  Country,  that  is,  from  tho  sea  on  both  sides  of  Hudson's  River  to 
The  Umber.  Within  20  mlles  of  Albany,  is  generally  cover'd  with  oaks  of  several  sorts,  intermixed 
with  Wallnuts,  Chesnuts  &  allmost  all  sorts  of  Timber,  according  to  the  Difference  of  the  Soil  in 
several  parts.  I  have  seen  in  several  parts  of  the  Country  large  quantities  of  the  Larix  tree  from 
whence  Venice  Turpentine  is  made,  about  Albany,  &  ns  I  am  inform'd,  a  great  way  up  the  Eastern 
Branch  of  Hudson's  River,  the  Land  is  generally  cover'd  with  Pines  of  several  sorts.  The  Mohawk's 
Country  or  that  part  of  this  Proviuce  lying  on  both  sides  the  Western  Branch  of  Hudson's  River,  is 
generally  cover'd  with  Beech,  Maple  &  Elm. 
The  settlements  extend  in  Lenth,  from  the  Ocean  northward,  along  Hudson's  River  and  the  eastern 
branch  of  it,  to  about  40  miles  to  the  Northward  of  Albany,  &  westward  along  the 
S'menie'"'*  *"'  wMtcm  Branch,  to  about  four  score  miles  west  northwest  from  Albany,  so  that  the 


Head  of  Delaware 
River. 


! 


.    ■  ■ 


■      ; 


1  1 1 


118 


STATE   OK    TIIK   FHOVINCK   Ut    NEW    VUMK. 


settled  &  iinpruved  part  of  New  York  extends  about  200  miles  in  lentli.    But  there  are  few  8ett]«>- 

mcnts  any  wliere  to  the  Northward  or  Westward  of  Albany  at  any  distance  from  the  Brandies  of 

Hudson's  River. 

In  the  Moliawks  Country,  tlie  Level  of  the  Land  seems  to  be  at  tlie  greatest  lieigtli  above  the 

sou  :  for  in  tliat  part  of  the  Country,  at  about  50  miles  west  north  west  from  Albun}, 

The  lil|(hwi|  put  /.  i        »»   i  i  o  »» 

•xciiMivanr  &  12  miles  west  from  tl>e  Mohawks  River,  some  Brandies  of  the  largest  Rivers  in 
ih«H.  North  America,  &  which  nm  contrary  courses,  take  their  rise  within  2    r  3  miles  of 

eacli  othev,  viz  1"  a  Branch  of  Hudson's  river,  which  falls  into  the  sea  near  New- York,  .fter  having 
run  about  250  miles. 

2.  Tlie  Oneida  River  running  Northward  falls  into  the  Oneida  Lake,  which  empties  itself  into  the 
CadHriickui  Lake  at  Osnego  :  from  this  Lake  the  great  River  S*  Lawrence  takes  its  rise,  which  pass- 
ing Montreal  &  Quebec  empties  it  self  into  tlie  Ocean  opposite  to  Newfound  land.  3<i'y  a  Branch  of 
Su8(iuehana  River,  wliich  running  Southerly  passes  through  Pensylvania  &  Maryland,  and  empties 
it  self  into  Clieasaspeak  Bay  in  Virginia. 

Tlie  Province  of  New  York  lias,  for  tlib  Conveniency  of  Commerce,  advantages  by  its  Soituation 
Dencri  lion  of  iu  l^^J'ond  any  Other  Colony  in  North  America  For  Hudson's  River,  running  thiuugh  tlie 
SJm"  ui"r'eiry"h(u  ^^'^^le  cxteut  of  tlils  Provlncc,  affords  the  inhabitants  an  easy  Transportation  of  all 
ui  iu  Commerce,  tji^jp  Commodities,  to  &  from  the  City  of  New  York.  Trom  the  Eastern  Brancli  tliere 
Hudiun'.  River,  is  ouly  land  Carriage  of  sixteen  miles  to  the  Wood  Creek,  or  to  Lake  S'.  Sacrament, 
both  of  which  full  into  Lake  Cliaraplain,  from  whence  Gk)ods  ure  transported  by  water  to  Quebec. 
But  the  Cliief  mlvantages  are  from  the  western  Branch  of  Hudson's  River.  At  50  miles  from 
Albany  the  Lund  Carriage  from  the  Mohawks  river  to  a  lake  from  wlience  the  Northern  Branch  of 
8u  ueh»ii«nivBr  S"*l"phana  takes  its  rise,  does  not  exceed  14  miles.  Goods  may  be  carried  from  this 
lake  in  Battoes  or  flatt  bottomed  Vessels,  through  Pennsylvania,  to  Maryland  &  Vir- 
ginia, the  current  of  tiie  river  running  every  wliere  easy,  without  any  cataract  in  all  that  large 
space,  In  going  down  this  River  two  large  branches  of  the  same  River  are  met,  which  come  from  the 
westward,  &  issue  from  the  long  ridgo  of  mountains,  which  stretch  along  behind  Pensylvania, 
Maryland,  Virginia  &  Carolina,  commonly  call'd  the  Apalachy  Mountains.  By  either  of  these 
Branches  Goods  may  be  carried  to  the  Mountain  &  I  am  told  that  the  passage  through  the  Moun- 
tains to  the  Branches  of  the  Misissipi  which  issue  from  the  West  side  of  these  Mountains,  is  neither 
long  nor  dilRcult ;  by  which  means  an  Inland  Navigation  may  be  made  to  th«  Bay  of  Mexico. 

From  the  Head  of  the  Mohawks  River  there  is  likewise  a  short  land  Carri.  _^  vf  four  miles  only,  to 
a  Creek  of  the  Oneida  lake,  which  empties  it  self  into  Cadaruckui  Lake  at  Osv  t'/»o  : 
iiuanri  »«•  anj  tlic  Cddarackui  Lake,  being  truely  an  Inland  sea,  of  greater  breadth  than  can  be 
seen  by  the  eye,  communicates  with  Lake  Erie,  the  Lake  of  the  Hurons,  Lake  Michigan  &  the  Upper 
lake,  all  of  them  Inland  seas,  By  means  of  these  Lakes,  &  the  Rivers  which  fall  into  them,  Com- 
merce may  be  carried  from  New  York,  through  a  vast  Tract  of  Land,  more  easily  than  from  any 
other  maritime  Town  in  North  America. 

These  advantages  I  am  sensible,  cannot  be  sufficiently  understood,  without  a  Map  of  North 
America.  The  l>est  which  I  have  seen,  is  M'.  De  L'Isle's  Map  of  Louisiana,  published  in  French  in 
the  year  1718.  For  this  reason  I  frequently  use  the  French  names  of  places,  that  I  may  be  better 
understooil. 

Tliere  ure  great  Quantities  of  Iron  oar  in  several  parts  of  tlie  Province,  Large  Quantities  of 
Snljihur  in  the  Mohawks  Country  Salt  Springs  in  the  Onondaga  Country.  Lead  oar 
'^'"'""''  has  likewise  been  found  in  several  parts  of  the  Province,  but  no  where  as  yet  sufficient 

to  pay  the  Expen«'e  of  working  - 


■T*TB  ur   THB   PMIVIMOa  OV   NEW   YOUI. 


118 


NMur*  oC  the  ioil. 


i\  in 
Itter 

of 
I  oar 
lent 


The  Soil  is  less  uniform,  as  the  Surface  is  more  unequal,  titan  in  tlie  more  Southern  Pnwinces  ; 
&  consequently  tliere  is  a  great  variety  of  soil  in  several  parts  of  the  Province.  It  is 
generally  proper  for  most  sort  of  Grain,  as  wheat,  Rye,  Barley,  Outii,  Malz  or  lutllau 
Corn  &  Buckwheat.  The  wheat  of  this  Province  is  generally  lieavier  than  tiuit  of  tlie  Prt>viucva 
more  to  the  Southward  &  yields  a  larger  quantity  &  better  kind  of  Flower. 

The  soil  is  likewise  more  fit  iur  pasturage  running  naturally,  assoon  as  it  is  oIcarM  of  the  wt^oils 
into  clover  and  other  good  grass,  &  is  almost  every  where  intermixed  with  good  meadow  grounds. 
These  in  several  parts  are  of  a  deep  rich  black  mold  &  have  when  suilleiently  drainM  proiluoed  llenjp 
to  great  advantage.  What  I  say  of  Hemp  is  grounded  on  what  has  been  done  in  New  Jersey,  Si  tho' 
the  experiment  has  not  been  suiHciently  tried  in  tills  Province,  I  can  see  no  reason  to  d«>ul>t  of 
tlie  like  success. 

On  many  of  the  Branches  of  Hudson's  River,  &  near  Albany  (m  Hudson's  river  it  self,  thvrt)  is 
a  kind  of  soil  made  by  the  Rivers  &  extends  about  half  a  mile  in  breadtli  along  the  Rivers.  This 
being  made  by  the  soil,  which  the  Rivers  let  full  is  exceeding  ricli,  yieUls  large  crops  uf  the  best 
Wheat,  and  the  repeated  overflowings  of  the  Rivers  keeps  it  always  in  sti-enth. 

The  Soil  of  the  Mohawks  Country  is  in  general  much  riclier  &  stronger,  than  that  of  the  moro 
Southern  parts  of  the  Province  &  exceeds  any  soil  that  I  ever  saw  in  any  part  of  America.  I  am 
told,  the  same  kind  of  soil  extends  through  the  countries  of  the  Oneydoes,  Onondagus,  Cayugas,  & 
Senekas.  This  soil,  I  am  persuaded,  will  produce  any  thing,  that  can  ho  protluced  iu  a  Climate 
where  the  Winters  are  very  cold. 

The  Climate  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  confining  it  to  the  present  christian  Settlements, 
extends  from  the  40^''  degree  and  30  min'.  of  Latitude  to  the  43>i  degree  &  30  minutes. 
It  is  much  colder  in  Winter  than  those  parts  of  Eiu-ope,  which  ly  under  the  same 
parallels  of  Latitude,  The  Alterations  in  the  Tliermometcr,  are  very  considerable,  us  gw>at  perhaps 
as  in  any  part  of  the  world  :  but  tlie  changes  iu  tlie  Barometer  are  not  so  great,  the  Mercury  seldom 
descending  io  low  as  in  Brittain.  The  changes  of  Heat  &  Cold  pass  through  all  the  degiiM's  of  the 
Thermometer.  I  have  observ'd  the  Cold  so  great,  that  tlie  Spirit  iU  Patrick's  Thermometer,  which 
is  fixed  to  his  portable  Barometer,  descended  the  space  of  8  J  Gradations  below  all  the  Graduations 
marked  on  the  Thermometer  :  at  the  same  time,  the  Spirit  in  my  Florentine  Thermometer  was  iU' 
eluded  intirely  witliiu  the  Ball :  But  so  great  a  degree  of  Cold  happeus  seldom.  Tlie  Peaeli  & 
Quince  trees  were  in  many  places  killed  by  it,  but  the  Apple  &  Pear  trees  are  never  luirt  by  tlie  Cold. 
Hudson's  River,  so  far  as  it  is  fresh  is  froze  every  year,  so  as  to  bear  Horses  &  Carriages.  The 
Excesses  in  Heat  &  Cold  seldom  continue  a  week  together,  or  more  than  two  or  three  days.  The 
greatest  cold  is  in  January,  &  Heat  in  July  &  August.  Since  the  Country  has  been  settled  &  Cleared 
the  Seasons  are  become  more  moderate. 

The  spring  comes  late,  it  is  seldom  sensible  before  April.  This  it  is  probable,  is  oceasioneil 
by  great  quantities  of  snow  to  the  northward,  which  every  where  are  cover'd  from  the  Sun  by  thick 
Forests,  &  by  melting  slowly  produces  cold  northerly  winds.  The  spring  being  late  of  consequence 
is  short,  the  succeeding  warm  weather  produces  a  quick  growth  so  that  the  face  of  the  country, 
in  a  short  time,  becomes  surprisingly  changed.  In  the  summer  exceeding  heavy  Dews  fall  almost 
every  night.    The  wheat  harvest  is  in  the  beginning  of  July. 

The  Fall  of  the  leaf  is  the  most  pleasant  season  in  this  country.  From  the  beginning  of  Septem- 
ber to  December  we  have  moderate  weather  with  a  serene  sky  the  Horizon  being  seldom  cover'd 
with  clouds  in  that  time. 


The  iiitura  of  the 
Climate. 


Vol.  it, 


15 


IU 


114  tTATE  or  THE   PIOYItfOI  OF  MEW   TOMB. 

d    m 

Mtht.IiS!'*"  TheCUyof  New  Yorklsin Latitude..  40.43 

.«»id.,.bi. p..,«.  Longitude.  74.37 

Sandy  Hook,  a  Cape  In  the  Ocean  at  the  Entrance  into  the  Bay  into  which  Hudson\s  River 

empties  itself, Lut..  40. Q5 

Long  74.37 
Albany,  the  second  City  in  New  York  &  most  considerable  place  for  the  Fur  trade,  Lnt..  42.18 

Long.  74.24 
Ohswego,  a  Fort  on  Cadarackuy  lake,  From  whence  the  Fur  trade  of  Albany  is  carried  on 

with  the  Western  Indians, Lut..  43.35 

Long.  76.50 
Philadelphia, Lat..  39.58 

Long.  75.40 
Boston, Lat..  42.25 

Long.  71.28 
Quebeck,  the  Capital  of  Canada, Lat. .  46 .45 

Long.  C9.48 
Montreal,  the  second  Town  in  Canada  &  nearest  New  York, Lat. .  45 . 52 

Long.  74.10 
Crown  Point,  The  place  where  the  French  have  built  a  Fort,  near  the  South  end  of  Lake 

Champlain, Lat. . .  44 .  10 

Long.   74.00 
ESJiwd/wmpu'ied'^'^®  Longitude  of  all  these  places  is  computed   westward  from  the  Meridian  of 

London. 
Tlie  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  New  York  is  from  my  own  observations,  which  I  am  satisfied  are  near 
In  what  manner    ^nough  the  trutli  for  common  use,  tho  not  made  with  such  Instruments,   care  & 
ijfii?Hd^$*'fe'd"er.^<'uracy  as  is  necessary  where  tlie  greatest  exactnes3  is  requisite.    Tlie  Longitude  is 
""'"'  from  the  Immersions  &  Emersions  of  Jupiter's  first  Satellite,  and  the  Calculations 

made  from  D'  Pound's  Tables  of  that  Satellite. 

The  Latitude  &  Longitude  of  Boston  are  from  the  observations  made  at  Cambridge  Colledge  in 
New  England,  &,  those  of  Quebeck  from  tlie  observations  of  the  French  there.  Those  of  the  other 
places  are  computed  from  tiieir  distance  &  scituation,  with  respect  to  some  one  or  more  of  tliese 
that  are  determined  by  Observation. 

The  Province  of  New  York  is  bounded,  To  tlie  southward  by  the  Atlantick  Ocean,  &  runs  from 
Therf  u.«i  Bonn  ^^^^^^  hook.  Including  Long  Island  &  Staten  Island,  up  Hudson's  River  till  tlie  41"' 
dariMorNewYorkiiegree  of  NortU  Longitude  l)e  compleated,  which  is  about  20  miles  above  tlie  City 
of  New  York,  East  New  Jersey  lying  for  that  space  ou  the  west  side  of  Hudson's  River.  From  tlie 
41*'  degree  of  Latitude  on  Hudson's  River,  it  runs  northwesterly  to  41  degrees  &  40  min  of  Latitude 
on  tlie  most  northerly  Branch  of  Delaware  River,  which  falls  near  Casliiektunk,  an  Indian  Settle- 
ment on  a  Branch  of  that  River  call'd  the  Fish  kill.  Thence  it  runs  up  that  Branch  of  Delaware 
River  till  tlie  42^  degree  of  Latitude  be  compleated  or  to  the  Beginning  of  the  43''  degree,  Pensylva- 
nia  streiching  along  the  west  side  of  Delaware  River,  so  far  northward  as  to  this  parallel  of  Latitude. 
From  the  Beginning  of  the  43<'  degree  New  York  runs  westerly,  on  a  Parallel  of  Latitude,  along 
the  Bounds  of  Pensylvania  to  Lake  Erie,  or  so  far  west  as  to  comprehend  the  Country  of  the  Five 
Nations,  (the  French  having  by  the  Treaty  of  Utricht  quitted  all  claim  to  these  Five  Nations)  Then 


STATE  or  THC   PMOVIHCE  Or   MEW    YORK. 


lis 


it  runs  along  lake  Erie,  &  tlie  streights  between  Lake  Erie  &  Cadarackuy  lake,  k  along  Cadarackuy 
lake  to  tlie  east  end  thereuf— From  thence  it  continues  to  extend  easterly  along  the  Bounds  of 
Ciinnda,  to  the  Colony  of  Massathuset's  Bay.  Then  St)Utherly  along  the  Boundaries  of  the  Massa- 
tluiset's  Bay,  &  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  to  the  sound  between  Long  Island  &  the  main,  & 
then  easterly  along  that  Sound  to  the  Atlantick  Ocean. 

Tlie  Boundaries  between  New  York  Province  &  the  Provinces  of  New  Jersey  &  Pensvlyanla,  are  so 
well  Described,  in  the  Grants  to  the  Proprietors  of  New  Jersey  &.  Pensylvanla,  that  by 
tiarie*  am  reriuui. '  determining  the  proper  Parallels  of  Latitude  on  Hudson  &  Delaware  Rivers,  the 
Boundaries  between  them  may  at  any  time  be  fixed  with  suillcient  certainty.  But  as  this  has  not 
liltlierto  been  actually  done,  Disputes  now  in  several  parts  subsist,  between  the  Proprietors  of  the 
lands  near  the  line,  which  is  supposed  to  run  b<  (  «"en  New  York  &  New  Jersey,  from  Hudson's  Kiver 
to  Delaware  River.  And  it  is  probable  the  like  Disputes  will  happen,  between  tlie  Inhabitants  of 
the  Provinces  of  New  York  &  Pensylvanla,  when  the  lands  near  the  line  Dividing  them  shall  be 
settled. 

The  Boundaries  Between  New  York  &  Connecticut  are  entirely  settled,  by  agreement  between  the 
two  Colonies,  &  by  Lines  run  at  about  21  miles  from  Hudson's  River,  &  running  neai-ly  parallel  to 
the  general  Course  of  that  River. 

I  know  no  Regulations  for  Determining  the  Boundaries  between  New  York  &  Canada.     Its 
probable  each  will  endeavour  to  extend  themselves  as  far  as  they  can.    The  French 

Whtre  Iheie  Bouii-,  ,,  ,  ,,  .1,,.  ^  ^  ni^^i.ii  ■ 

dariei arc uiiccrtaiiihave  lately  made  a  wide  step,  by  building  a  Fort  at  Crown  Point,  which  alarm  the 
English  Colonies  by  its  being  a  Pass  of  great  Importance.  By  this  Pass  only  there  is  access  to 
Canada  from  the  English  Colonies,  &  from  this  the  French  will  be  able,  in  War  time,  to  send  out 
parties,  to  harass  &  plunder  the  Colonies  of  Massathuset's  Bay,  New  York  &  Connecticut.  The 
building  of  this  Fort  deserves  the  more  notice  by  reason,  it  is  not  at  half  the  Distance  from  the 
settlements  in  New  York,  that  it  is  from  the  nearest  settlements  in  Canada.  If  we  are  to  Judge 
of  the  Pretentions  of  the  French,  by  the  maps  lately  published  in  France  by  Publick  Authority, 
they  not  only  claim  this  part  of  the  Country  and  the  Countries  of  llie  Five  Nations  depending  on 
New  York  ;  but  likewise  u  considerable  part  of  what  is  actually  settled  by  the  Inhabitants  of  New 
York.  The  English  maps  are  such  servile  copies  of  the  French  that  they  mark  out  the  Boundaries 
between  the  English  &  French,  with  the  same  Disadvantage  to  the  English,  that  the  French  do. 

The  Boundaries  between  Massathuset's  Bay  &  New  York  is  every  where  disputed.  By  the 
Massathuset's  Bay  Charter,  that  Colony  is  to  extend  as  far  west  as  Connecticut.  The  Question  is 
whether  it  shall  extend,  as  far  west  as  to  Connecticut,  or  extend  as  far  west  as  Connecticut  does. 
The  DiiTerence  is  so  considerable,  that  it  takes  in  near  as  great  a  quantity  of  Land,  as  the  whole 
of  what  is  not  disputed.  It  is  probable,  they  may  at  last  make  their  claim  good,  by  the  numerous 
settlements  they  have  allready  &  are  daily  making  upon  it. 

Your  Honours  knowledge  of  this  Country,  will  easily  discover  any  Errors  I  may  have  committed, 
&  will  supply  the  Defects.  I  have  endeavour'd  that  what  I  have  wrote  may  be  of  use  to  you,  in 
some  maters,  wherein  you  are  less  conversant,  &  may  assist  your  memory  in  others.  In  hopes  that 
it  may  &  in  obedience  to  your  Commands  it  is  submitted  by 

S'  Your  most  obedient  & 

most  humble  servant 

Caowallaoer  Coldem. 


J, 


V  ■' 


116 


•TATI  or  THE   rSOVIMCI  or  MEW    YOU. 


MR.  CLARKE'S  ANSWERS  TO  QUERIES  OF  BOARD  OF  TRADE  3  JUNE  1738 

3.  The  constitution  of  the  Oovvrninrnt  is  such  m  hli  Majesty  by  hii  commiMinn  to  his  Governor 
dirt-cts,  wliereby  tiie  Oovernoiir  wltli  the  Council  and  Assembly  are  impowered  to  pass  inws  not 
re])ugnant  to  the  laws  of  KnglHud. 

13.  In  tiie  town  of  New  York  h  an  old  fort  of  very  little  defence,  cannon  we  have  but  the 
carriages  are  gcKxl  for  little,  wo  have  ball  but  no  powder,  nor  will  the  board  of  ortlinance  send 
any  <<u  pretence  that  a  larg  quantity  was  sent  in  1711  for  the  Canada  expeilltion  which  is  27  year 
agoe,  much  of  It  has  for  many  yeai-s  been  trotUlen  under  foot  in  the  magazine,  the  barrells  having 
been  rotten. 

There  is  a  battery  wrhich  commands  the  mouth  of  the  harbour  whereon  may  be  mounted  DO 
cannon  this  is  new  having  been  built  but  three  years  but  It  wants  tlnisliing. 

At  Albany  there  is  a  new  stone  fort  built  tlie  same  year  with  the  Ilattery  at  New  York. 

And  at  Sclianectady  a  new  fort  built  at  the  same  time  and  both  are  sufficient  for  those  places. 

In  tliu  Moliocks  Country  there  is  lui  ohi  stockado'd  fort  of  little  use  now  the  country  there  was 
about  being  pretty  well  settled  and  nigh  Schaneotady. 

I  liave  been  trying  to  prevail  witli  tlie  Seneca's  to  let  us  build  a  ibrt  at  Tierandequat  in  their 
country  which  will  more  eflectually  secure  the  fidelity  of  the  six  Nations  and  better  preserve  tho 
fur  Trade,  and  I  hope  at  last  to  prevail. 

18.  We  have  no  revenue  established  at  present. 

19.  The  ordinary  and  extruonlinory  expences  of  the  Government  are  about  JC4000  a  year. 

20.  We  have  a  Militia  in  every  county  for  the  regulating  whereof  there  is  annually  past  an  act 
of  Assembly. 

The  people  are  generally  expert  in  the  use  of  fire  arms.  All  the  oiBcera  are  commissioned  by 
the  Goveruour. 

The  Mayors  and  Recorders  of  the  cities  of  New  York  and  Albany  hold  their  places  by  com- 
missions under  the  seal  of  the  province  so  do  the  Sherriffs  Corrouert  and  Clerks  of  the  peace. 

The  Cliief  Justice  is  usually  appointed  at  home  and  by  the  King's  warrant  to  the  Oovernour 
he  gives  him  a  commission  under  tiie  seal  of  the  province  the  second  and  third  Judges  have  no 
warrant  the  Governour  appointing  tliem  himself  under  the  seal  of  the  province  tlie  Attorney 
General  the  Surveyor  General  of  the  lands  and  the  Secretary  or  Agent  for  Indian  affairs  are 
appointed  as  the  Citief  Justice  is  by  the  King's  warrant  &o. 

The  Secretary  and  receiver  General  have  their  Commission  under  the  great  seal  of  England. 


■TATS  Of  TMt  »BOTIMNI  OT  WtW   VMUI. 


N£W  YORK  IN  AMERICA. 


ILoo.  Dm.  XXVI.] 


117 


The  referred  Queries  fk-om  the  Lords  of  Trade  and  IMuiitatlons,  mid  tlie  rwiiilriHl  answer  fVom  the 
Collector  of  the  Customs  here,  us  l)y  the  Govern'  und  Council  of  tills  Ills  Mi^esiy's  I'rovluce,  their 
order 


QUERIES  AS 
REFEKO. 


ANSWER  AH  UKgl'IRKt)  IIKINU  TIIEUKIIPON  TlIK 


TRADINU  IN  OKNKRAL 


INWARDS. 


OI'TWARM. 


mn 


Whkl  If  the  Trad*  of 
thi<  I'mvlno*  the 
numhrr  of  Hhlping. 
thcilr  ToiiAge,  and 
the  niiiiihcr  or  ufa 
TartDK  mon  with  the 
ri'i|ieatlvii  Inoraane 
or  diminution  with 
in  ten  ypnm  |>a>t( 

What  uiiuntity  and 
•orta  of  llritUh  ma- 
nuraotiire  do  the  in- 
hahilanti  annually 
take  from  hcref 

What  Tnulo  ha*  thin 

fiMvlnco  under  your 
lovn't  with  any  If'o- 
rclgn   PInntalliin  or 
any  part  at   Kurope 
hraldcnOreat  Britain 
bow   If  thai   TrxU 
earrird  on,what  com 
motlltlra  do  the  peo 
plo  under  your  (lo 
rernment  und  to  or 
receive  from  Foreign 
Planlatlonal 
What    \ii   the   natural 
pnxluco  of  the  ooun 
try  staple  oommodi 
tie*    and    manufac 
turcit,  and  what  ra 
lue  thereof  in  iter- 
ling  money  may  you 
annually  export. 


Fimt,  From  llreat  Rrilain; 
Europran  and  tnd'n  gi>o<la 
with  null  nianufauturcK 
chiefly  I 

Pn)in  Iri'landt  Mnnen  and 
('aniraii  aa  duely  certify  d 
thence. 

Fnjm  Brillih  Cullnniei,  enu- 
merated commndltleii,  Rum, 
I.lniejuii'i.,  Snutf,  I'lmt'iito, 
Sulplirr  .'^Irowplntt,  hldm, 
I)'r  Skiun^,  CVmcliahi'llit, 
negrovi  mahogany  A  Ebo- 
ny. 

From  Europe  ami  the  Kng- 
lliih  and  foreign  Kettlementx 
in  America  and  Africa; 
•alt. 

Prom  Africa,  within  the  pro- 
per llmlta  directed  negrovn, 
now  leM  than  formerly 
brought  hither. 


From  Madeira  and  Canarr 
lalamU  \  Winct  the  grawtn 
thereof. 

From  North'n   and   Soulh'n 
part<  of  thla  continent  Cy 
deri  oil,  Bluber,  hope,  flax 
need,  flax, Drickii,HraUkinn( 
and  certain  wro't  Tin  and 
Braitiery. 

Lastlv  from  PInntntiona  not 
under  hi.4  Majesty'!  domi- 
nions, small  quuntiliea  of 
Rum  Mollaaea  and  Kugar, 
■Inoe  the  act  imfioa'd  new 
duties  thereon,  anuff,  Spa- 
nish tobacco,  Iii^num  vltio, 
Indlco,  logwo<Ml,  and  other 
dying-wood.  Cocoa  nuts, 
cotton,  wool  Ac. 


First  to  I.onilon  and  outfiorls, 
tlie  latter  seldom,  the  enn- 
merutetl    aui»\t    und  uthrr 

I    moreliaudlte    legally     lui 

I    |iorti'd. 

iTo  Irrland  Bax  seed  and 
staves. 

Tu  other  inrts  of  Eurnjie. 
(Irnin,  hides,  EIke  and  il'r 
Hkliins,  llxhoma,  ap.  snuff 
l.ogwtKNJ,  Indlco,  t'ocoa- 
nutts  ,1c.  of  foreign  prtxluoe 
and  liund>er. 

To  Madeira  and  Asnrrs, 
drain,  llecswax  and 'tavrs.j 

To  English  districts  N'th  andi 
H  th  of  this  Continent  and 
West  Indies,  prcvlaions 
Chocolate  Lumber,  Euro- 
pean goods  with  thoiio  spe- 
cie* •DDOwrated  and  suoh 
others  as  bmnghl  her*  for 
export  regularly. 

f.aatlr  to  the  neutral  ports, 
as  St.  Thomas,  Curaooa  and 
Sureiilinlm,  provisions  lum. 
ber  and  hones  with  prO' 
vendw. 


53 


3<l 


S3IS 


Hi 


PBODrCTION   AND 
MANUFACTURE. 


First,  the  country  |iruplo  here  luive 
for  Dwny  years  aiid  yet  their 
hiunespun,  ao  term'd  of  wool  and 
VIkx,  lo  supply  somewhat  theui- 
•I'lvra  with  the  neeessary's  of 
clothing  Ac. 

From  the  year  17IS  or  thereabouts, 
have  bin  raised  linseed  and 
niill'd  Into  Oil,  hatU  made  of 
beaver  furr,  th*  exiwrting 
whereof  prevented  by  the  Act 
from  MIeklemaas  1733,  also  lamp 
block  work'd  up. 

From  the  year  17.10,  Sugar  baking 
and  Its  rellnlng  have  been  IVir 
home  conaumpllon  >t  transj^orta- 
tion  bene*  tu  other  districts  on 
the  Continent  and  to  the  West 
Indies  liy  regular  crrtiflcates  and 
latterly  the  distilling  of  Hum  and 
other  spirits  for  those  only  ar* 
two  houses  erected. 

In  tills  pnivlnce  nre  mines  of  Iron 
and  li'a<l  oars  the  manufacturing 
of  whkih  av*  bin  of  late  pro- 
iiosed,  and  the  raising  of  hemp 
likewls*. 

Lastly  of  these  several  besides,  are 
grain  of  all  nrts  and  other  pro 
visions,  with  Tobacco,  a  diminu 
tlvo  quantity  naturally  produced 
out  of  this  soil  yet  being  with 
such  like  brought  hither  from  the 
Eastern  and  Western  Parts  of 
this  Continent  nro  satiable  and 
vended  abroad  cannot  be  distin- 
guished as  to  ascertain  the  anual 
ox|)orting  or  their  value  neither 
praollcally  could  it  bo,  if  from 
the  Import  thereof  separated  be- 
cause their  prices  according  to 
tho  matketi  currently  vnrle. 


Those  on  eoob  Column  are  particuluriiod  as  to  quantity's  as  quality's  in  the  auartarly  list  of  Trading  Vessels,  the 
itraiumitting  whereof  to  their  Lordships  is  from  the  Naval  olB'ier  hero  constituted  by  the  (lovemor,  and  also  such  lists 
duly  lo  their  honors  the  Commissioners  of  the  Cuntoms  from  Ihclr  oflicers  henec,  thereby  may  appear  "— '  —"»■'-  "— 
queries  ment'd  to  me,  how  seemingly  little  the  increase  or  diminution  dlffcrcnoeth  rvs|)e<stlvefy. 


r  that  within  the 


What  Methods  are  Such  as  are  prescribed  in  tho  principal  laws  of  Trade  and  aptly  used  here,  whereby  to  efTeet  the  Intendeet  pro- 
thero  uaod  to  pre-  venting  any  what  contrary  to  those  laws',  and  that  upon  any  breach  thereof;  carefully  Inquired  after  by  the  Deputed 
▼ent  Illegal  trade.  Officers,  process  Is  Issued  against  the  same  In  the  Vloe  Admiralty  or  it  happening  sometime*,  in  the  Courts  of  Reoordi 
and  are  the  same,of  this  Province  for  recovery  of  the  subject  penalty  on  tho  Fraud  or  abuse  Committed, 
effectual  t 


Exam'd  A  oompared  at  tho  Custom  House  New  York  with  th*  Bonks  of  Reporti 

and  Entries  therein. 

(Endorsed) 

Pr. 

ARCII'D  KENNEDY  Collector. 

Answer  of  the  Colleetor  of  New  York  to  the  Queriea  of  the  Board. 

18  Jan. 

1737. 

18.  Jan'y  1737  |  8. 



118 


STATK  or  THK  PROVINCE  OF  HEW  YOBK. 


A  LIST  OP  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

WHITE  AND  BLACK  ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEABS  IN  THE  CITY  AND  COUNTY  OF  ALBANY. 

Whites  r  i  iles  above  ten  years ' 3209 

Dtto  Fameles  above  ten 2995 

Dtto  males  under  ten 14C3 

Dtto  Fameles  under  ten 1384 

Totall  of  White 9051 

Black's  males  above  ten 714 

Dtto  Fameles  above  ten 496 

Dtto  males  under  ten 223 

Dtto  Fameles  under  ten 197 

Totall  ol  Blacks 1630 

The  whole  No  of  White  &  Black  above  &  under  ten 10681 

P'.  JOHN  LINDESAY,  Sherif. 


i 


M 


A  LISr  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES    AND   BLACKS    KaLES    AND    FEMALES    EACH  SORT   ABOVE  AND    UNDER    THE  AGE  OF   TEN  YEARS 

IN  THE  COUNTY  01'   DUTCHESS. 

Whites  Males  above  Ten  years  old 940 

Whites  females  above  10  years  old 860 

Whites  males  under  10 710 

White  females  under  10 646 

Total  of  Whites 3156 

Blacks  Males  above  10 I6I 

Blacks  ffemales  above  10 42 

Blacks  males  under  10 37 

Blacks  ffemales  under  10 22 

Total  of  Blacks 202 

The  number  of  the  Whole  in  the  county  Except  the  High  Lands ....  3086 


•TATI  OF  TUX  PBOVINCB  OT  MEW  YOBS. 


119 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES   AND    BLACKS   MALES   AND   FEMALES    EACH  SORT    ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN    TEARS 

IN  THE    COUNTY  OF    ULSTER  ANNO,  1738. 

Whites  Males  above  ten  years  old > 1175 

Whites  Females  al>ove  10  years 1681 

Whites  Males  under  10 541 

Whites  Females  under  10 601 

Total!  of  whites 4398 

Blacks  Males  above  10 378 

Blacks  ffemales  above  10 260 

Blacks  males  under  10 124 

Blacks  ffemales  under  10 110 

Total  of  Blacks 872 

The  number  of  the  whole  in  the  County  Except  y«  high  Lands  6270 


A  LIST  OP  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES   AND     BLACKS   MALES    AND    FEMALES     OF   EACH    SORT   ABOVE    AND   UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN 

YEARS    IN   THE   COUNTY    OF  ORANGE    1738. 


Te  foTie  preiinolR  of  Orange  Conntjr. 


Onngetown 
Ooahan  . .  ■ 
Haveratraw 
Minnisinck 


2  . 
2  a 


sl 


-If 


00238 
00319 
00205 
00098 


MS 

is 


000231  000113  000108 
000249  000183000191 
fl0O178;000I4.i;fl00O72 
000097  000061  000062 


860 
753 
AOl 
433 


753 


2547 
283 


2830 


601 


433 
The  to- 
tall  of 
whites 
2547 


•|2 


00053 
00034 
00029 
00009 


125 


I3 
8  o 

a  V 
J* 

n 


00048 
00023 
00019 
00005 


95 


00022 
00007 
00005 
00004 


38 


li 


OOOIT 
00011 
00004 
00003 


Tha  to- 
tall  of 
BlMki 
38S 


The  above  U  a  true  aoonnt  of  thennmben  of  the  Whitei  and  Blacki  in  the  Connty  of  Oranfte  This  20  da;  of  Jane  1738. 

W.  DUNniG,  Sheriff. 


IMM 


SK> 


■TATE  or  TBC  MOVINOB  OF  M>W   VOWK. 


LIST  or  INHABITANTS  IN  THE  COUNTY  OP  NEW-YORK  1738. 


City  ud  Munty  of  New-Tork  William  Coaby  Sheriffe. 


I 

•s 
s 

3 

if 


if 


e 

■as 
a 


m 


I 

8 

I 

.2 

I 

s 


s 

03 

I 

s 


I 


East   Ward 

West  Ward 

South    Ward 

North  Ward 

Dock  Ward 

Mountgoniry  Ward 

Bowry  Ward    

Uarlcm  Word   . .  •  < 


658 
2»R 
305 
357 
274 
235 
150 
76 


«10 
396 
4U 
312 
2U2 
323 
134 
87 


246 
144 
221 
111 
l«l 
136 
47 
22 


3253 
3568 
1088 
1036 


3588      1088 


229 
136 
111 
168 
167 
147 
54 
26 


313 
65 
«H 
88 

IIT 
60 
44 
21 


108 
48 
96 
43 

126 
41 
30 
22 


1036 


8945  total  of  whites 


674 

609 
229 
207 


1719 


609       229 


207 


7943 


1719 


totall  of  both 9662 


Rctum'd  p  WILL:  COSBY  vid:  com: 
Note. — There  are  levenl  eiron  tn  the  footingi  of  the  above  which  are  left  uncorrected. — Ed. 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AND    BLACKS  MALES  AND    FEMALES  OF  EACH  SORT  ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF   TEN  YEARS 

IN  KINGS  COUNTY,  1738. 


The  namef  of  the  towiu. 


•Is 


|8 


<o2 

B  i 

^5 


SI 


a;:: 


.3  1 
m 


12 


n 


I! 


flatlandi  .  ■  ■  ■ 

S»ve«and  . . 
ruokland.  . 
flathush.  ... 
New -uy  trick 
BiuhwMk... 


83 
75 
191 
148 
72 
85 


76 

70 
196 
138 

6 

86 


7 

6 
31 

]8| 

17 

5 


268 
235 
721 
540 
282 
302 


654 


631 


235 


264 


210 


169 


84      101 


2348 


ToUUofWhita. 


1784 


Total  of  Blacks. 


564 


R  STRYCKEB,  JITNR.  Sheriff. 


¥m 


STATE  or   THE   PHOVIMCE  OF   NEW    YORK. 


Itl 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITES  AND    BLACKS    MALES    AND    FEMALES  EACH    SORT   ABOVE    AND   UNDER  THE    AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS 

IN    QUEENS   COUNTY  ;    VIZ  : 

Wliites  males  above  ten  years  old 2407 

Whites  females  above  tea  years  old 2200 

Wliite  males  under  ten 1305 

Whites  females  under  ten 1 656 

Totall  ol"  wliites 7388 

blacks  males  above  ten 4G0 

blacks  females  above  ten 370 

blacks  males  under  ten 254 

blacks  females  under  ten 227 

Total  of  Blacks 1311 

the  number  of  tlie  whole  in  the  County 8609 

ye  261"  of  J»mo  1733     A<>™  LAWRENCE,  Sheriff. 


i>  >, 

"sj 

-^•S 

B  a 

a  V 

§i 

2fi8 

235 

721 

540 

•2H-i 

302 

2348 

A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH    WHITES    AND   BLACKS  MALES    AND  FEMALES    EACH    SORT  ABOVE  AND  UNDER  THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YF^RS  IN 

THE  COUNTY  OF  SUt  FOLK. 

1 .  Whites  males  above  ten  j-oars  old   2C07 

2.  Wliites  females  aliuve  ten  jears  old 2u[J3 

3.  Whites  males  uiuler  ten 1175 

4.  Whites  females  under  ten lO'JS 

The  totall  of  whites G833 

5.  blacks  males  above  ten .  „ , 303 

6.  blacks  males  under  ten „    307 

7.  blacks  males  above  ten 203 

8.  black  females  under  ten ... , 187 

The  Totall  of  blacks     .  „ 1090 

The  number  of  the  whole  in  tlie  county  of  Suffolk 7923 


Vet.  IT. 


IC 


189 


STATE  OF  THB  rMTIMCB  or  NCW   VQBlt. 


A  LIST  OF  THE  NUMBER  OF  INHABITANTS 

BOTH  WHITE  AND  BLACKS  MALE3  AND   FEMALKS    OF  EACH   SORT,  ABOVE  AND  UNDER    THE  AGE  OF  TEN  YEARS 

IN  THE   COITNTY  OF  RICHMOND  TAKEN   IN  MARCH  1738. 

White  Males  above  10  years  old 488 

White  Females  above  10  years  old 497 

Wliite  males  under  10 289 

White  Females  xinder  10  266 

Total  of  White 1540 

Black  Males  above  10 132 

Black  Females  above  10 132 

Black  Males  under  10 52 

Black  Females  under  10 53 

Total  of  Black 349 

Tlie  Number  of  tiie  whole  in  the  Coimty  &c 1889 

PAUL  MICHAUX 

Sherilf. 

*•*  For  th«  Tftble  showing  the  totui  population  of  the  I'roTince  in  1738,  aee  Doc.  Hi$t,  of  Hf.  Y.,  Vol.  I,  Art.  XXIII. 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF    FLATTBUSH  BOTH  OF  WHITES  AND  BLACKS,  MALES  AND  FEMALES 


,1    ' 


'l     1 


Th<  namea  oiT  the  masters  oOT  the  honio  or  mlitrcsKS  tm. 


6s        55        b:        .2 


tn  ® 

••§1 


C      £  ' 


•    .5 


^. 


-2  J 


Jus  pulliiiivs 2 

Lamert  hennet 2 

William  Boerrom 3 

Carl  boeri'um 2 

Isaac  liegeman 2 

John  blom ^ > 1 

Willitmi  bennett 1 

Garritt  Snedeker 1 

llendi'ick  wickliot 1 

Ctrnt-liiis  wickliof 2 

Nickliis  wifklior 1 

Nickliis  iindiisscii, 2 

J«liuuni8  Cornel 2 


) 
3 
1 


2 

1 

1 

•    •                ■ 

1 

•  • 

1 

•  . 

•    • 

■  • 

1 

3 

•    • 

3 

1 

1 

•    • 

1 

1 

1 

•  • 

1 

2 

•    ■               • 

.          1 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

1 

.          1 

3 

1 

2 

•    • 

..       2 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

1 

•    • 

•  • 

•  • 

•           •  • 

1 

STATE  or  THE  »»OVI»eE  OF  NEW  Vtmx. 


IfS 


The  nkmei  off  the  maften  «ff  Ui*  hooM  or  miitroaMi  io. 


t  ft 


h 


If  ii  |5  I?  ^i 


^^  k  1 


S    n 


Isack  Snedeker 3 

Jiuey  perbusko 1 

Elbert  hegeman, 3 

John  Van  wicklen, 1 

Garrit  Cosnitic 1 

Joseph  hegeiuaii 3 

John  lot 1 

Jolm  Striker 3 

Laraiice  detmas 1 

Denijs  liegeman 1 

Jolin  detmas 4 

Jolin  uanderuer 3 

Abvaham  lott 3 

iuder  freeman   1 

Jus  Sadam 2 

Jpcob  Sadam 2 

Daniel  Rumsoii 2 

Pieter  Stryker  jun' 1 

Coineallas  bennnm 1 

William  hogaland 3 

Cattren  uaiiderveer 

Cornealas  Sadan* • 2 

John  Sadam 3 

Jolm  Vanderwort 1 

Adrayonn  Ilageinan 3 

Martin  Simson , 1 

Johuuas  Jolmson 3 

Isn .0  Okey 1 

Born  Vuiide  Vandan, 2 

Do'"  Antonadus  . 1 

Ad"   liegeman 2 

John  Waldron   4 

Co"  Peter  Stryker 1 

Tryntje  |s]olleman 0 

John  Renham 2 

Joseph  Renham  1 

John  Van  Bueren 1 

Giljan  Cornel 4 

Cartryna  filkin 1 


2 
2 
2 


0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

[5] 


2 
5 
2 
1 
3 
1 
3 
2 
2 
2 
3 
3 
1 
4 
2 
1 


3 

3 
1 
3 
1 
1 
I 
3 
1 
2 
1 
2 
3 
1 

2 
0 
1 
1 
2 


0 
0 

0 
2 
1 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

1 
1 


0 
0 
0 
0 

1 


1 

0 
0 
0 

1 


o 


1      

2  1     ..       2 

2  ..     ..       1 
1 

3  0      0      0      0 
2  1     ..       2 

1  1     ..       1 
..1111 

2  12       2       3 

•  •  ^           *  • 

..  2     .,       2       1 

..  1     ..       1       2 

••  ••        ••          1          s 

•  •  2      •  •         1       •• 

2  ••      ••        1      •• 

1  

1  

1  

1  

2  1     „.       1       1 

X  •  •           •  •                            a  « 

2  1     ..       1       2 
....111 

1      

0 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


i 


\u 


■TATB  or  THE   roOTINCK  OF   RBW    YOUIt. 


Ih*  namu  off  tbo  aiMUn  off  th«  houw  or  mUtrenci  A«. 


I 

Is 


•a 


E  5     "         5  • 

pi  r 

^      a      S 


•^  Is 

T      •  t 
9    n 


Mnrti'ii  Adriiiuusz 1 

Item  Murtense  1 

Atlriuaa  Marteusv 1 

Pliilllppus  Nagf I 2 

Ari  Van  tier  Bilt 2 

Abi-)i1mni  liegeinun 2 

Cornelius  Cornel 3 

Isaac  LrlVortzu 1 

Jan  Van  der  Bilt . .    5 

Kcui  hegt'inan • 4 

Peter  Leffertz 4 

Doniinieus  V  D  '  <  •  >' 2 

Gerrit  \m\  Dnyu 1 

Jolin  Vtiknck    1 

Rolef  Veikv rf k 1 

Peter  LvNter  .      1 

William  houei-d  .         " 

Josef  hon^  "1 1 

Jus  Bloiun 3 

Cattrin  Lot 

Sarah  Lot 2 

Tiiomas  belts 1 

Jacob  Itauisen   " 

Robert  belts ^ 


•  • 

1 

a  ■ 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

2 

•  • 

1 

•  • 

•  • 

1 

4 

2 

1- 

•  • 

3 

2 

4 

1 

•  • 

4 

3 

p, 

2 

•  • 

2 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

2 

■  • 

•  • 

2 

1 

2 

2 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

1 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

2 

1 

#  • 

•  • 

•  • 

2 

i 

1 

3 

3 

5 

3 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

•  • 

0 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

3 

3 

3 

1 

1 

0 

o 

0 

1 

2 

3 

2 

1 

3 

0 

0 

0 

•  • 

2 

»    4 

•  • 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

•  • 

0 

0 

0 

•  • 

2 

•    • 

•  ■ 

0 

0 

0 

•  • 

1 

•    • 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

1 

1 

0 

•  • 

2 

1 

•  • 

0 

1 

1 

3 

2 

•  • 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

•  • 

0 

141     59  144    66     39    19    44    27 


m    \ 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  TI!F-  TOWNSHIP  OIV^  KLATT  LANDS,    ROTH  OF  WHITKS  AND  BLACKS,  MALKS  AND 

« 

£5      ICC  1'^-'^ 

The  nwnei  off  the  mMtcrs  off  Ihc  houBe  or  mistrtMcn  '\ ,.  "3  f,    ^  «  f  2      =  8 

S r    '  *"  ..       "^  >» 

*  ^  "si; 

1?  E  ^         «£ 

Johannes  Lott  . '. 03    03  02    01 

Marten  Sclienck  02    00  02    01 

bendrick  wickof 02    00  01     00 

Jacobus  Amermaa 03    00  02    00 


FEMALES. 


£§     S 

BO 


02  00 

01  00 

02  00 
00  00 


vi    > 
U    OS 

M 


I 


01  02 

01  00 

01  00 

00  00 


■TATE   or   TRB   PROVINOR  OP   (flW   TOBK. 


The  ntmei  off  tba  DiHtcn  off  the  bonie  or  mlitrcuei  <o.  "i  & 

u 

; i_ 

yun  AiiK'riuua 04 

pieter  nevyus U2 

pieter  Wickof  ju' 01 

Jjan  Stevenseii 04 

wijllem  kovwenoven 04 

Steven  Scheiik 02 

gerret  luinscii 01 

pijeter  monfiwr 03 

wijllem  van  gelden 05 

Cornelvs  van  voorlices 03 

niaiten  Schenck 02 

kocrt  van  voorhees 01 

Lvijcas  Stevcnsen 01 

cornlvs  van  arstlalen 01 

Ijan  van  voorhees 03 

anken  van  voorhees 04 

teviiys  lijenncsen 02 

coriielys  nefcvs 02 

ijzaack  Viin  voorhees 02 

ijan  elbersen 0- 

pijeter  wycolT. 04 

pijter  wijeotT "^ 

abialiam  westervelt 01 

ijohannes  van  sij!?s;elen 01 

iian  ouken 03 

ijan  terhvnen "1 

wijllielrans  Stothof 01 

no 

cornelvs  Stevensen ""' 

01 
harmanns  hoogelant 

no 

roelol'  van  voorhees 

81 


Ik 


00 
00 
01 
00 
01 
00 
00 
02 
00 
00 
00 
02 
00 
00 
02 
00 
00 
02 
01 
01 
00 

01 

00 
00 
01 
00 
01 
01 
02 
00 


B  = 


02  00 
01  00 
01  00 

03  00 

04  03 
03  03 

01  00 

02  01 

03  00 
02  01 
02  00 
01  01 

01  00 

04  00 

02  0:J 
02  00 
01  00 
01  02 

01  02 
04  02 

02  00 

01  01 

02  00 

02  00 

03  00 

02  00 

03  00 

01  00 

04  01 

02  01 


1S5 


1^  i 


■ifj 


01  0( 

00  00 

01  00 

01  00 

02  00 
01  00 

01  00 
00  00 
00  00 

02  00 
02  00 
00  00 
02  00 
00  00 
CO  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 

00  00 

01  00 

01  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  01 

02  01 

00  00 

01  00 
00  00 


00  00 

00  00 

00  00 

01  00 
01  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 

00  00 

01  00 
00  00 

00  00 

01  00 

00  00 

01  00 
00  01 
00  00 
00  00 

00  00 

01  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 

00  00 

01  02 
01  01 
00  00 
00  00 
00  00 


21  70  23  24   1  11 


,^iL  ■■;■ 


I   / 


J! 


1  i 

)  : 

Hi 


Its  VTATC  or  TUB  pMniiec  or  ifiw  tom. 

A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF  THE   TOWNSHIP  OFF  GRAVESCND,  UOTH   OFF  WHITES  AND  BLACKS,  MALfS  AND  FKMAI.LS. 


The  naiBM  off  the  miiton  off  the  hoatea  or  mbtreaea  As. 


S:  Uenitseu 

Bernanlus  Reyder  .  . . 
Rot* luff  Ter  hunen  . . 

Rich>l  Smiwell 

Jacobus  Strycker  .... 

Nicklas  willams 

Samuell  Hubbard  ... 
Garret  latnbertaou  . . . 

Andro  Enimans 

weedaw  Emuns  

furiiuiidus:  U:  sicklen 
Widdeu  Courten  .... 
lohn  Buys  .....;... 

Willem  bouil 

Nicklas  Stllwill 

Cournelas  Strikar  .... 

Jolin  Griggs 

Elizabeth  Griggs 

Elias  Hubbard 

Garret  Dorland 

farnandus.  V  Sicklen 

Jacobus  Emails 

barnt  Joiison 

Daniel  Lake 

Jolui  Rider 

Ktmrten  V.  fores  .... 
Peter  Willamsen  .... 

Pheby  Van  Clitl 

John  Van  Clift 


l§  fcs  Ir  Is  I 
}l  ll  •;:  ]i  1^ 

r  I  ii  1  r 
I  I  r  I  I 


•s 


"3 


1^  I 


5 

•  • 

2 

3 

m  • 

1 

2 

1 

5 

4 

0 

2 

1 

1 

3 

2 

4 

2 

2 

. . 

2 

2 

2 

3 

1 

1 

•  • 

1 

1 

3 

•  • 

2 

1 

•  • 

2 

2 

•  • 

2 

1 

•  • 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

4 

1 

2 

5 

« 

•  • 

1 

3 

1 

1 

1 

•  • 

2 

3 

3 

2 

5 

2 

3 

4 

1 

2 

2 

3 

1 

3 

3 

4 

2 

1 

2 

2 

■  « 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

3 

2 

11111 

1       1       1 

•  •               1           • 

1 

1      .. 

4          •  •           •  • 

1       1               1 

4       1 

•  • 

2 

2     .. 
1 

61     31     60     36     11 


«-, 


ail 


•TATE  or  TUB  PROTIUCB  Ot   MtW  VOBX. 


18T 


A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

OFF   THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF  NEWUTRECHT,  BOTH  OFF  WHITES    AM)  BLACKS,  MALES  AND  FKMAI.EI, 


Th«  nuuM  of  tho  muter  of  th«  hooM  or  iBlitrcH*(  tie. 


I 


as 


I    1^ 


IS. 

i  1^  I 


Sumuel  Gi-oencn  Dyck   5  2 

Cornells  Van  brunt  2  1 

grijete  built   1  0 

rnbecliii  eeniuuf;   2  0 

Sards  ben  Ij    1  2 

yoost  van  brunt 1  0 

elisubet  gewout 0  0 

myudert  ijansen  1  1 

liendcrick  ijaensen   5  0 

rutgtu't  vim  brunt 3  3 

edword  dryncwater f 1  1 

aert  van  IMt 2  0 

alhtrt  koerlc 2  0 

jjan  van  pelt 2  1 

pijcfer  kartelijou 1  0 

ailte  kuvteloijou 3  0 

Jaques  Den) is 1  2 

William  Baikelo 2  0 

William  Ver  Done 2  3 

Thomas  Stilhvell 4  5 

Juhn  pitcrse 3  0 

Thomas  Van  Dick 2  1 

Chcrck  Van  Dick 3  0 

gerret  Van  Dyck 1  0 

/cndrtk  Suydam   2  1 

Kutgert  Van  Brunt 2  2 

Joseph  Ditniars 1  0 

macl\ijel  vanderver 1  2 

gerrijt  van  duijn 1  1 

marija  van  nuijs 0  0 

ouken  van  nuiJs 1  5 

ijacobus  van  nuijs S  0 

Wyllem  van  nuijs 3  1 

ijau  van  dijck   1  0 


1 
3 
3 
3 
2 
1 
1 
1 
2 
o 

I 

0 
3 
2 
3 
2 
1 
3 
1 
4 
4 
1 
5 
1 
1 
3 

1 
2 

1 
2 
4 
1 
2 
0 


2 
0 
0 
0 
2 
0 
1 
0 
0 

1 
1 

0 
0 
3 
0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 
0 
0 
3 
1 
0 
2 
1 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 


I 

3 

0 
2 
0 
7 
0 
0 
1 
2 
0 
1 
3 
1 
2 
1 
4 
I 
1 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
1 
3 
0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


1 

3 
0 
2 

0 


4 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1       2 

0      0 

n     0 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 
2 
.0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

3 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


0 

1 

0 

1 

0 
3 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 

1 
1 

0 
0 

u 

0 

1 

2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
2 
3 
0 

u 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 


S4    «4    S7    26    S«    U    23    11 


128 


STATC  or   THE   PKOVIMCK  OF  DEW   YORK. 


A  LIST  OF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 


OFF  THK  TOWNSHIP  OFF  BROOKLANI),  DOTH  OFF  WHITES,  AND  BLACKS,  MALES  AND  FEMALES  &,0. 


Th«  MkniM  of  ;e  nuuUn  of  the  bouM  or  mUlrcMCi  A«. 


Jeruiiynnis  Kupulje 

Geoige  Kupulju 

Isaac  Julmsoa 

Jacob   Ryt'ison    ....    

Hans  Bergen 

Jacob   Bt'igt'ii  

Jereiiiins  Reniseu 

Gizbart  Boguert 

Gizbart  Rcgaert  Jun'  

Cornelius  Bogard   , 

Nicasius  Couwenhovcn   

Marten  Vanilerboeven  . . . , 

Gerrit  Aihiaaiise 

Nicholas  Vecliten  , . , 

Fredrick  Blaeuw 

Jolin  Blaeuw 

Juryen  Blaeuw   

Peter  Staets 

'  Irian   Bennet 

lius  Van  Duyn,   , 

'    •        --.  Hoist 

:.        .net , 

J..  .,    rennet 

Tliwma>  Van  Dyck, 

Samuel  Stelliiigwerg 

Simon   IJ'  Hart  , 

Wouter  Van  Pelt, 

Joseph  Hegenuin 

Hendrick  Van  Dyck, 

Elizabeth  Garner  .' 

George  Remsen 

Rem  Remsen 

Isaac  Seberins 

Aeltje  Sebering , 

Ista«U  Hoixfiield .'.   : . . . : .'. 


|2 

J'- 
a2 

if 

u 

el  t^i 

i 

o 

1 

li 

i 

I 

e 

b 

1 

1 

1 

3 

0 

1 

0 

2 

3 

2 

1 

1 

2 

0 

2 

0 

3 

2 

3 

1 

0 

u 

0 

0 

4 

1 

0 

2 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

2 

1 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

2 

4 

0 

1 

0 

1 

2 

0 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

2 

1 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

2 

1 

I 

1 

0 

1 

3 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

1 

4 

1 

2 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

1 

0 

0 

0 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

0 

3 

2 

0 

0 

1 

0 

3 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

2 

0 

2 

1 

1 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

3 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

1 

2 

0 

0 

0 

2 

0 

3 

2 

6 

2 

3 

2 

4 

0 

3 

0 

3 

0 

1 

0 

1 

3 

3 

2 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

0 

1 

0 

3 

1 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

2 

0 

2 

1 

0 

1 

1 

0 

4 

2 

2 

1 

1 

2 

1 

2 

2 

0 

2 

0 

2 

0 

1 

1 

3 

I 

1 

2 

3 

0 

0 

0 

STATE  OF  TUB   PEOVIMCB  or   NEW   VOHK. 


139 


Tliu  niunon  u(  y«  mujilen  of  llm  lioiuw  or  uiintnuw*  Ao. 


Us 

S 

i 

t 

o 

1. 

a:- 

i 

s- 

i^ 

1^ 

1' 

r 

II 

i 

1 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

u 

0 

0 

2 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

1 

4 

1 

6 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

0 

0 

2 

1 

2 

1 

U 

0 

'J 

3 

4 

2 

4 

0 

0 

I 

2 

0 

1 

0 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

3 

(» 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

u 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

1 

1 

0 

u 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

0 

1 

3 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

1 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

u 

1 

0 

2 

1 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

0 

1 

0 

12 

2 

5 

2 

2 

0 

2 

0 

7 

0 

1 

2 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

2 

2 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

5 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

7 

u 

4 

3 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

(t 

1 

2 

2 

2 

0 

1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

2 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

2 

2 

1 

0 

0 

1 

0 

2 

0 

5 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

4 

1 

6 

0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

3 

1 

1 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

3 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

3 

0 

2 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

2 

1 

3 

0 

1 

2 

1 

0 

2 

3 

2 

0 

0 

1 

1 

0 

John  Tlioiupsuii 

Mully  Burwouter 

Tlieophiliia  Elsworth  ., 

Petnia  Ewetse 

Julin  Uliyii   

Gubtiall  Cox 

Joliii  HapiUje 

Thonius  Browne  

Billy  Nlcbin  

Duiiiell  Bontecoue   . . . . 

Aert  Mi(I(Ia,u;)i  

Breglije  GlieiiT , 

Hendrick  Stryker 

Cornelius  iilkin 

Aeltje  Prov()(Jst 

John  Middagh 

Christopher  Codwise   .. 

Cornelius  Ewetse 

John   Ewetse 

James  Harding 

Jacob  Deklyn 

Rem  Renisen  

Evorardiis  Brouwer  . . . 
Johannes  Johnson   . . . . 

Alberlje  Johnson   

George  Bergen  

Jacob  Hanse  Bergen  . . 
Cornelius  Webbers   . . . 

Isaac  D'Graw 

Joost  D'Beavois 

Jacobus  Beavois 

John  Ellen 

Hans  Bergen 

Jacobus  Vandewater  . . 
Benjamin  V.  D.  Water 
Styntje  Vander  Voort. . 
Lambert  Andriesen  . . . 

Jacobus  Leffertze 

George  Rapalje 


Vol.  IV. 


17 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


1^128     |2.5 

S   lis   12.0 


I 


1.25  il.4 


-    6" 


^ 


7] 


<% 


'%^^ 

% 


y 


7 


/A 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)872-4503 


t^^ 
^\^ 


o^ 


130 


•t^f E  of  THi  ndftRcfe  0^  iic#  tomc. 


fe« 


I  I  I 

TheBamMttfy*  MMtmif  tlMkwiMerMiirtiMNvAa  J  Si    '|  (    "if, 

Barent  Blom 2      2      4 

Rem  y.  D.  Beeck 2      2      1 

John  Dorland 1      1      1 

Hendrick  Suydam 3      0     2 

Cornelius  V.  D.  hoven 1      0      1 

Cornelius  V.  D.  hoeven  Ju' 2      2      1 

Peter  V.  D.  Voort 12      1 

Paulus  V.  D.  Voort 10      1 

John  V.  D.  Voort  6      16 

John  Van  Noortstrant 2      1      2 

Dirck  Rapalji 1      0      1 

Saw  Rapalje 0      0      1 

Jacob  Cossauw 6      3      0 

Isaac  Remsen 7      1      2 

Jacob  Durrie 332 

Mathys  Van  Dyck 2      2      2 

Abraham  Brewer 2      1      2 

Juryen  Brewer 12     2 

Ur^.'':.i    .;-     '-'x     '^W     ''.'       ^                 .,,..'....'.[.  199    81  175 

fr     i::    .^f-    :-  ^..  -•• 

■<^.-        k,        i..,        5,'  (1  ■ 

^    J    S    i     'i  A  LIST  OFF  ALL  THE  INHABITANTS 

'-^'  OFF  THE  TOWNSHIP  OFF   BVSHWYCK,  DOTH  OF  WHITES  AND  BLACKS,  HALES 


P 

Co 


I 

e 


3 
1 

2 
0 
0 
2 
2 
2 
0 
2 
0 
0 
1 
2 
0 
2 
2 
2 


1 
0 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
2 
1 
1 
0 
2 
1 
2 
2 
0 


0 

1 

0 

d 

0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 

0 
0 
0 

1 
1 

0 
0 


2 


?s    s    Is 


0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 

1 

0 

1 
1 
1 

0 
0 


AMD 


-,,.  .•.<....,t.,.,. 

FEMALES. 


I 


^   Th»  nunes  of  the  mutan  of  tba  hooM  or  miatrcB  Ae 


lis* 


I 


^ 


1 1 


I 


0 

0 
0 
0 

I 

0 

1 

0 
0 
2 
0 
0 
0 
0 
0 

1 

0 
0 


92    69    23    43    23 


I, 


I 


Johannes  Schenck 1  00  1  00  1  00  2  UO 

David  Sprongh  3  1  3  00  00  00  00  00 

Marijtie  Schenck 4  3  00  1  1  00  1  1 

Jannitle  Van  Ende 6  1  00  1  2  00  1  00 

Symon  Dorijie 3  00  2  1  00  00  1  00 

Charel  Dorijie   2  4  2  1  1  2  2  00 

folkert  folkeitse 1  1  1  00  1  00  00  00 

N«ck]aag  folkertM   1  00  4  00  1  00  00  00 


■TAra  or  THC  raoviKcc  or  mbw  vomc. 


m 


:i-,'..^. 


Th*  aaiDM  of  th*  aMton  of  llie  hooM  or  mbtmi  Ao. 


Jacobus  Ck>zyii 

Pieter  Fonck 

Geertniy  Wortman  .. 

Abraham  Cueck 

Joost  Doryie   ........ 

Jacob  Pieterse 

Arent  Stockholum  ... . 

Daniel  bodet 

JurJjen  Nagel. 

Hendrick  Vaode  W^   . 

ferametie  andera 

abraham  Liquir 

Tryntie  Calijer 

Jacobus  Calijer 

Pieter  wit 

Johannis  pieter 

David  Cats 

Alexander  berd 

Pieter  praa  

Derek  Wortman 

frans  Tijtus   

Thomas  fardon 

Jams  Bobijn 

Andris  Stockholum  . . . 

Johannis  Calijer 

Jacobus  Calijer 

Johannis  boechout .... 

tuenes  Rapellie 

Abraham  dorijie 

LefTeert  LeiTertse 

Jan  mesrol 

Pieter  Consellie 

Johannis  aberse 

Compt :  325  Ziele. 


vu 


1" 

S 

1^ 

J 

K 

e 

1.1 

o 
^ 

1^ 

1° 

1 

s 

1 

2 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

1 

00 

4 

1 

2 

1 

00 

1 

00 

00 

2 

02 

1 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

1 

1 

1 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

2 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

5 

00 

1 

00 

00 

00 

2 

2 

2 

1 

1 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

1 

1 

2 

00 

1 

3 

1 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

4 

00 

4 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

1 

00 

1 

1 

00 

00 

00 

GO 

3 

1 

4 

3 

1 

0 

1 

00 

1 

00 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

1 

00 

2 

3 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

2 

00 

1 

1 

1 

00 

1 

00 

1 

00 

4 

2 

3 

00 

2 

00 

1 

00 

2 

1 

2 

1 

2 

1 

1 

2 

3 

00 

2 

00 

5 

00 

2 

2 

1 

00 

2 

2 

1 

00 

1 

00 

1 

1 

4 

5 

2 

1 

2 

3 

1 

00 

00 

00 

3 

00 

4 

1 

00 

00 

00 

00 

2 

00 

3 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

3 

00 

5 

1 

1 

00 

00 

00 

1 

00 

1 

2 

01 

00 

00 

00 

4 

2 

3 

2 

00 

00 

00 

00 

1 

00 

1 

3 

01 

00 

00 

00 

4 

1 

4 

2 

1 

1 

1 

00 

2 

2 

5 

00 

00 

00 

00 

00 

3 

00 

6 

1 

1 

00 

1 

00 

92    27    91     39    31     11     27      9 


1}  -I  ij 


It  ■' 


i; 


\ 


'i 


M 


VTATE  ffr  THC  MNVflHdk  Of  tfH^  fOSK. 


'o;s  ''■':'»■• 


James  Beebe 
Willum  King:  Jo* 
■JosluiaCartis 
diaries  Glover 
Thomas  terry    . 
John  King:  Ju'         ; 
Gideon  Yonngs 
Jonathan  Youngs 
Richard  Shaw      '  ;. 
Kichard  Brown 
Joseph  Brown 
SamaelCiook 
Samoel  EmmonS 
David  Yonngs 
John  Racket  ' 

Heniy  tnttle:  Jnn' 
Henry  Conklin      .., . 
David  Moore         i: 
Walter  Brown 
Samuel  Ck>nklin 
John  Ck>nklin 
Joseph  Conklin 
Joseph  Conklin  JniF 
John  Conklin  Juu' 
peter  pain 
JohnBudd      iiv 
John  rail        «  w    >, ; 
Alsup  pain 
Samuel  Lundon 
Sylvester  Lhummidne 
Isreal  Moore 
Samuel  Griffing 
Ebbenezer  Johnson  > 
John  Youngs 
Thomas  Reeve 
James  Tendon       ^- 
John  peck 
Jonathan  Horton 
John  Salmon 
Thomas  Conklin 
Joseph  Horton 


A      UIOM.      VX       XXUiMJJ 

'1  ^■f^vji^met 

t:     ;k'(ff,r,      •■. 

IN  SUFFOLK  COUNTY   27  FFXBBVARY   1737                            "''t' 

,>  ■.■.■fy!^ryf:i 

Isaac  Hubbard 

James  Reeve 

Samuel  Reeve 

,■,.,     Timothy  Hudson 

.,> 

Samuel  terry 

'         .    »     Thomas  Reeve  Jun' 

JosliuaBudd 

, .    . , . .      Jolin  Howel 

}        Benjamin  Reeve 

,  , . .      ,      Isaac  Howel 

•> 

,v       peter  Halliock    ,., 

.,.,..,     Thomas  Clark 

^ 

Jo)m  Dickinson 

/..^.,      Aaron  Howel 

■\ 

«i       Nathaniel  Youngs 

,       John  Cleaves 

■  ^ 

/         Samuel  Case       ... 

, David  Cleaves       ;, 

.jv'  ■  i^p.-i-M 

<,       John  Goldsmith 

Daniel  Curwin 

">> 

■         Daniel  tuttle:  Ju' 

Ezekiel  pette 

•  .  - 1 

■:.,>      William  Salmon 

...        James  terry 

V|.l-.,  ViV ...-.;« 

,.       Hazekiah  Reeve 

,.,...     Josiah  Youngs     „^,^ 

I  -.i^>^^.i,-^,^ 

Joshua  Horton:  Jun' 

Daniel  Youngs 

i, 

fi      Samuel  Curwin 

Samuel  Wells 

,i.» 

Sylvenus  Davis 

Daniel  Wells 

.uv:ija<»Ki 

Benjamin  Case 

[_     Nathaniel  Wells 

.;•-«.';,;  ;^,V,,t. 

,        Zebulon  Hallick 

Richard  Howel 

. . ., 

David  Reeve 

Stephen  Sweasay 

''t 

William  Reeve 

Joseph  Mapes 

*T.       -j!f)''j 

*       Henry  Wells 

David  Howel      ^,  . 

r*'  1.      ;■,..•(  I'ii 

Uriah  teriy 

peter  Hallick 

-.(/ '    Mi>.,r 

Thomas  Goldsmith 

Richard  Swasey 

.     >«J:,M,i 

j>^      Jonathan  Horton  Jun< 

f                    Elezer  luce:  Ju' 

.   ■•-■•:   ,t.,,  ;». 

Solomon  Wells 

Daniel  terry 

'  -~      '.'  It  v.'!,^. 

.«     William  Benjamin 

Christipher  Youngs 

;     •*»•>  iTM  f- 

.t      Joshua  Wells:  Jun» 

Hezekiah  howell 

!    t':    ..-■;, 

. ,;      Richard  terry 

Jonah  Bower 

:     f"!-.;-  ■i.iij. 

Tliomas  Booth 

Obadiah  Rogers 

..« (    :-;!'-■,  /:',' 

Gideon  Wickham 

Ichabod  Seayr 

'     <  :.     '/■,<" 

Daniel  Osmon 

Ichabud  Cooper 

.1     i  .-.-     -1 

Constant  king 

Thomas  Stephens 

-f'^l-lL-*             --'f 

, .         Barnebus  Winds 

Henry  person 

"V    •;.,.,-! 

,  ,       John  Reeve 

Josiah  howel         .^ 

K   (■  If".  •;-■  -S. 

David  Horton 

John  foster 

Jolm  liudson 

James  hearick 

Samuel  Clark  Jun* 

Narthan  hearick 

i' '    ' 

Caleb  Horton      ,, 

,     Benjamin  hains 

David  Curwin 

Samuel  Jenings 

Gersliam  terry 

Tlioraus  lupton 

Daniel  Reove 

Job  Seayr 

It 


ll«Tfc  or  tut  Vftovwcie  tv  mw  roiix. 


m 


Hugh  gilsun 

John  peirson                    ,,*.■.. 

Job  smith 

Jonathan  peirle 

Benjamin  Woodmph              '' 

Arron  Smith 

•  ■    - 

Stephen  herrick 

Stephen  bower 

David  Carey 

!    HiiiV^ 

Gershem  Culver 

NatlianielJesup 

William  row 

:? 

Jeremiah  Culver 

Artter  howell 

Jonathan  Jones    :    - 

•■'. 

Samuel  Ludle 

John  Cdok 

Jacob  Munsel       "''■''{wi  i^^i^ 

Jolin  Mitchel                ^"^^^ ' 

Jonathan  Cook 

Piatt  Smith             >•'» 

:rHtniniT 

Joseph  Rodgers 

Isaac  hildretli 

Solomon  Smith 

--wWti'?^ 

Henry  Holsey 

Timothy  mnlford 

Zepliaiiiuh  plat   -  - 

.-r»»|i>ijfi- 

David  phithin 

Jeremiali  multbrd 

Jolin  hockins      »  tfil/ 

tifihn  h 

Samuel  hains 

William  hedjres        "^    ''  'vv* 

Moses  Acerly     ^t*  •*•*  wi*  A  ^  •*'"** 

Daniel  Moore 

Nartlian  dayton 

Josiah  wicks      *«''*«'* 

<<,*&miT 

Thomas  Sandlbrd 

William  osmau 

John  Scidmore     '"^* 

■■;  p.mfAA- 

Ezekiel  Sandford          '''^rM' 

Elisha  Conklin         ♦w'.riiu'- 

Robert  Arter 

.''*»>.:•  A 

Abraham  peirson 

Matliew  mulfoitl     '  '•  <"    '*'  ^' 

Josluia  Arter 

,   V 

Josiah  peirson 

Edward  Jones         '"p  •'•'^•■' 

Timothy  tredwell 

•:.V, 

Stephen  tapping            "  ■■^'' ' 

Daniel  miller      •••'       '•''t.^-'' 

Obadiah  Smith         '> 

h  i^a^^a 

Josiah  tapping         r?  -r    'M 

Eleazer  miller         '   "'         ' 

Benjamin  Gold  hi''*>>- 

.inRin'.-*Sf. 

Job  peirson               '■'".'  '' 

Samuel  persons       "  '        ' 

Daniel  Smith         ""' ' 

•.»;-  n'':'i 

Henry  wick         '  :"•    '  ' 

John  merry 

Richard  Smith    ■    '•' 

■   .\  ',,..;» 

JamesCooper    •'  <•'-    '     ' 

Thomas  talmage 

Job  Smith 

r     t^(''ri 

John  lupton 

Johntalmage    '"         "  '■"• 

Ebenezer  Smith        "*' 

T    f7c>jU 

Tliomas  Cooper  Jur 

Lion  gardner 

Shubel  Marchant 

Elislia  howel 

Samuel  hedges 

Timothy  Smith 

Elias  pette 

Ephraim  burnet 

Joseph  Smith 

Elnathan  white 

Samuel  hudson 

Edmond  Smith 

John  moorehouse 

Johnmulford 

Richard  Smith 

John  norris 

Josiah  miller 

Isaack  Mills 

Daniel  hedges 

Henry  Imdson 

Timothy  Mills 

Tiieopple  howel       , 

Thomas  osmon 

Richard  Blidenberg 

Tliomas  holsey        .' ''    - '" ' ' 

John  hunting 

James  Dickonson 

Vr  .     ij 

Constant  heavins      '" 

Robert  moore 

John  Dickonson         , ' 

..;,.-   •,,( 

Joseph  howel          '""^V'?' 

Jonathan  wick 

Jonathan  Dayton      ' 

;   ■..    1/: 

Abraham  holsey       '"^  .'  '    '' 

Ezekiel  hubard 

John  Arter                ' 

;j  •  ---'is 

Nathaniel  holsey     ^"■'  ,    ' 

James  chittester 

William  Green          ' ' 

.'   ;...  - 1  -ni 

David  burnit 

David  Kitcham 

William  phillips      '" 

.t    i..,..;  1 

JolmSeayr 

Samuel  Smitli 

Amos  Willis            ''  ' 

..i   I  ;  .  .  .      J 

James  White 

Daniel  Keeley            '*''', 

Richard  willis      '''  " 

->.i.  Vt    -'i  '•'> 

Aaron  burnit 

James  Keeley 

Richard  floyd 

^    '•      ll,.l 

Jolin  tapping            '"'^ 

Obediah  Rogers         '        "    ' 

Nichols  floyd 

J;. I    (< ; 

Benjamin  howell     '  '  ' ' '  ' 

David  Rogers            ''''    '" 

Nathaniel  Woodhull 

■   .4,     ■:    i 

Henry  howell         "*'' 

Joseph  lewes            '     '" ..'  '  ■"' 

William  Smith 

.■■  -  .,    : 

Zechariah  sandford 

William  Jerves       "  ^;  '     ' 

James  tutthil 

•  .    £    ._  ; .  1  U 

Joshua  hildreth 

Nathaniel  Kacham 

Danniel  Brewster 

,:'.^ii  ■<« 

Elias  Cook              ■  >^^.  .     ^ 

philip  plat 

James  Smith 

ii  ,....)j 

Abraham  howell 

JoUultogers 

Israel  Smith 

'   i!,i  .  .    <. 

•4; 
r 


131 


■TATE  or  THE  PBOTIirCE  Or  HEW   TOKK. 


! 


James  Sell 
Josepli  roberson 
John  robberson 
Hezekiah  Daytoa 
Nathaniel  Dayton 
Noah  hallock 
Thomas  Green 
William  Miller 
Richard  Miller 
Andrew  Miller 
Robert  robinson 
Thomas  robinson 
Moses  bumett 
Joseph  phillips 
Joseph  dauis 
Samuel  dauis 
Daniel  dauis 
Beniamin  dauis 
John  tucker 
George  Norton 
John  Mosier 
Henry  Dayton 


Henry  Beekman 
Lowrence  Knickerbacker 
Nicholas  Hoffman 
Martinus  Hofiinan 
Barent  Van  Benthuysen 
Philip  Londen 
Hendrick  Kip 
Nicholas  Row 
Jury  Soefelt 
Zacharias  Haber 
Fredricke  Sipperly 
Johannis  Spaller 
Jury  Feder 
William  Cole 
Hans  Heyner 
Johannis  P :  Snyder 


Hugh  Mosier 
Tliomas  Strong 
George  tucker 
John  row 
Nathaniel  row 
Henry  robbins 
Nathaniel  brewster 
John  wood 
Samuel  D'henuar 
William  Jean 
Stephen  Jean 
Matthews  Jean 
Josep  brewster 
Nathaniel  Liscom 
Nathaniel  Sattirly 
George  Owen 
Samuel  Smith 
Arter  Smith 
John  hellock 
Beniamin  iiallock 
John  tucker 
Samuel  thompson 


Jonathan  Owen       .;  < 

Nathaniel  bigss 

William  helms 

Eleazer  hockins 

Amos  Dickenson 

Henry  Smith  Esq' 

Thomas  Chatfleld 

Joshua  Youngs 

Joseph  wickham 

Natlianiel  warner 

Mathias  buruett 

Daniel  Sayr 

William  Jenings 

Nathanil  Smith 

George  phillips 

Richard  Woodlmll 

Obadiah  Smith 

Charles  Saxton 

Jolin  wicks 

Dauid  Corey  Sherriff 

The  whole  amounts  to — 328. 


LIST  OF  THE  FFREEHOLDERS 

OF  DUTCHESS   COUNTY  VIZT. 

Johannis  Backus 
Hans  felte  Wollever 
Hans  Lambert 
Joseph  Rykert 
Hendrick  Sheffer 
Peter  Oostrander 
Benjamin  Van  Steenbergh 
Hans  felte  Sheffer 
Willem  Freer 
Teunis  Freer 
Jury  Ackert 
Evert  Knickerbacker 
Nicholas  Bonesteel 
Jacobus  Van  Etten  Jun'. 
Basteaan  Trever 
Coenradt  Berringer 


Wendell  polver 
Peter  Van  Etten 
William  Simon 
William  Scott 
Michaell  Sipperly 
David  Richart 
Jacob  Mowl 
Mathys  Earnest 
Adam  Oostrander 
Simon  Kool 
Godfreed  Hendrick 
Wendel  Yager 
Jacob  Drom 
Martinus  Shoe 
Jury  Adam  Soefelt 
Philip  foelandt 


•TATB  or  THE  raOVIMCC  Or  MEW  YOKK. 


185 


Andriea  Widerwox 

Fran  Neker 

Christophell  Snyder 

Marten  Tiel 

Arnout  Viele 

Lowrence  Tiel 

Jacob  Cool  ' 

Philip  More 

Jan  Van  Benthuysen 

Zacharias  Smith 

Josias  Ross 

Gysbert  Westfall 

Andries  Hermans 

Michael  Polver 

Johannis  Weaver 

Williiuii  Van  Vreedinburgh 

Johannis  Kip 

Arie  Hendrickse 

Willem  Van  Vreedinburgh  Jun' 

Isaac  Kip 

Roeloff  Kip 

Jacob  Kip 

Abraham  Kip 

Mathys  Sleght 

Evert  Van  Wagenen 

Goese  Van  Wagenen 

Hendrickus  Heermans 

Lowrence  Oosterhout 

Peter  Tippell 

Albartus  Shriver 

Stephen  Frelick 

Arent  Oostrandei 

Philip  Feller 

Henry  Filkin 

Francis  Hagaman 

John  Gay 

Isaac  Filkin 

Jan  Ostrora 

Roeloff  Ostrora 

Simon  Flegelaer 

Augustine  Creed 

Jacob  Hoff 

Lowrence  Hoff 

Isaac  Germain 

Isaac  Germain  Jun' 

Josias  Crego 


Isaac  Tietsort         ^"  '    ' 
Richard  Sackett 
Gerret  £ :  Van  Wagenen 
Isaac  Runnells 
Isaac  Runnells  Jun' 
Frans  Van  Dyck 
Nehemiah  Runnells 
Nicholas  Van  Wagenen 
Petei  Palmer 
Nathaniell  Marshall 
Joseph  Palmer 
Jacob  Van  Campen 
John  Runnells 
Samuell  Palmer 
Joshua  Palmer 
Manuell  Gonselesduck 
William  Palmer 
Peter  Lassing 
Isaac  Lassing 
William  Lassing 
Cliristophell  Van  Bomell 
Jacob  Van  Wagenen 
Lewis  Du  Bois 
Mathys  Du  Bois 
Marcus  Van  Bomell 
Rudolphus  Swartwoudt 
Mathewis  Van  Keuren 
Hendrick  Willsie 
Elias  Van  Buntschoten 
Jacobus  Van  Bomell 
Tliomas  Lewis 
Henry  Vandeuburgh 
John  Concklin 
Jacob  Low 
Johannis  Van  Kleek 
Simon  Freer 
Mosis  De  Graaff 
Barnardus  Swartwoudt 
Johannis  Tappon 
Myndert  Vandenbogart 
Hendrick  Ostrora 
Barent  Van  Kleek 
Frans  La  Roy 
Lowrence  Van  Kleek 
Jacobus  van  Den  Bogart 
Frans  Filkin 


Bowdewine  La  Count 

Lowrence  Gerbrantz 

Robert  Kidney 

Peter  Viele 

John  Emons 

Magiel  Pells 

Abraham  Freer  Jun' 

Peter  Parmatier 

Gybsert  Peelen 

Arie  Van  Vliet 

Johannis  Van  Benthuysen 

William  Syfer 

William  Smith  Secundus 

Alexander  Griggs 

Jacobus  De  Yeo 

James  Auchmoty 

Samuell  Mathews 

George  Ellsworth 

Johannis  Dollson 

Jacob  De  Witt 

David  De  Dutcher 

John  Cook 

John  Cai'man 

Nicholas  Koens 

Nicholas  Emigh 

Hendrick  Owl 

Mosis  Nauthrup 

Stephen  Crego 

Peter  Simpson 

John  Gamble 

William  Humphreys 

Francis  Nellson 

Thomas  Davinport 

Isaac  Van  Amburgh 

Peter  Du  Bois  Jun' 

Cornells  Bogardus 

Jacobus  De  Peyster 

John  Calkin  Jun' 

Johannis  Van  Voorhees 

Coert  Van  Voorhees 

Johannis  Van  Voorhees  Jun* 

Hendrick  Philip 

Johannis  Middellaer 

John  Lossee 

Johannis  Willsie 

Jobaonis  Ter  Boss 


136 


STATE  OF  THE  PROVINOB  Or  MEW  YORK. 


1 1'! 


\r. 


Isaac  Dollson 
Tennis  Van  Vllet 
Hendrick  Van  Tossell 
I{endrick  Ter  Buss 
Robert  Britt 
Jacobus  Ter  Boss 
Cornells  Van  Wyck 
Franris  Britt 
Hendrlck  Rosekrans 
Thomas  Langdon 
Jolin  Bally 
Christlaan  Du  Bois 
Jacobus  Swartwout 
Theodorus  Van  Wyck      • 
Benjamin  Husbrook 
Willem  Schutt 
George  Brinckerhoff 

Dutchess  S3  August  28 
The  Aforegoing  is  a  True 


Danltll  Boss 
Ephraime  Bloorae 
Julin  Brinckerhoir 
Cornelia  Lossee 
Lowrence  Lossee 
Jonathan  Du  Bols 
Jacob  Du  Bols 
John  Montross 
Peter  Mufford 
John  flewellen 
William  Drake 
Joshua  Gritfen 
William  Ver  Planck 
Samuell  Hallstead 
Daniell  Yeomans 
John  Rosekrans 

1740 
List  of  the  ffreehoMers  of  said 


Cornells  Willsle 
Maes  Oostrunder 
Abriihiim  Swurtwoudt 
Isaac  Briiickcrltolf 
Baltus  J  Van  kleek 
Baltus  B  Van  kleek 
Simon  La  Roy 
Ahaswarus  Van  kleek 
Tenuis  Van  Buutskotea 
Gideon  Ver  Veelen 
Peter  Outwater 
Jacob  Brinckerhofif 
Hendrick  Muilbrd 
Marten  Shenk 
Mathew  Du  Bois  Jun' 
Abraham  De  Graeff 


County  To  the  best  of  my  knowledge. 
JA.  WILSON  Sherift' 


A  LIST  OF  THE  OFFICERS  AND  SOLDERS 


BELONGING  TO  THE   REGIMENT  OF  FFOOT    MIUTIA  IN    THE   COUNTY    OF    ORANGE    IN   THE    PROVINCE   OF    NEW 
YORK    CONSISTING    OF    EIGHT    COMPANYS  OF  FJ-QOT  WHEREOF  VINCENT  MATHEWS  IS  COLL". 


Vincent  Mathews  Coll 
Soll»  Carpenter  Let'  Coll: 
George  Ramsen  Major 
Michael  Jacson  Adej' 
James  Tompson  Quart* 

first  Company 

Ram  Remsen  Cap' 

Cornelius  Smith  Liv* 

£b  Smith  Ensine 

Tliree  Sarjents 

Tiiree  Corporalls 

One  Drumer 

Sixty  Three  private  men — in 

all  73 
2  Company 
Sam'i  Odel  Cap' 
Henry  Cuyper  Liv' 
Benjam:  Allison  Ensine 


Tliree  Sar)ents 
Three  Corporalls 
one  Drumer 

fifty  Eight  private  men — in  all 
68 

3  Company 
John  Holly  Cap* 
Mich  Duning  Liv' 

Solomon  Carpenter  Jun'  Ensine 
Three  Sargents 
Three  Corporalls 
one  Drumer 

one  Hundred  &  Eleven  private 
men — in  all  121 

4  Company 

Jacobus  Swartwoot  Cap* 
Johan»  West  Bro<jk  Liu* 
Joluin'  West  Brook  Jun""  Ensine 
Three  Sarjents 


Three  Corporalls 

one  Drumer 

fifty  five  private  men — in  all  G5 

5  Company 

Nathaniel  Dubois  Cap* 
David  Sovtherlon  Leut 
Isaac  Hennion  Ensine 
Three  Shargents 
Three  Corporalls 

one  Drumer 

Sixty  three  private  men— in  all 
73 

6  Company 

Abra  Hearing  Ju'  Cap* 
Garret  piawvelt  Llv* 
John  Hearing  Ensine 
Three  Sargents 
Three  Corporalls 
one  Drumer 


•TATB    or  THB  PROVIMOt  OV   HEW   YOBK. 


137 


Sixty  twoprivate  men — ^Inal]73    one  Drumer 

7  Company  fifty  prlvnte  men — In  all  60 

Jacob  Vuuder  Bllt  Cup*  Troop  of  How 

Andrew  Unilerdonk  Liv*  Henry  Youngs  Cap* 

Aron  Sinitli  Ensine  W"  Mupen  Liv* 

Three  Surgents        _  Michael  Jacson  Corn* 

Tliree  Corporulls  Two  Sliargents 

Tlie  above  is  a  Ttew  Account  of  the  numbers  of  y*  Officers  &  Soldiers  boath  of  Hors  &  foot  under 
my  Cummund  in  tlte  County  of  Orange  according  the  Respective  Roles  I  have  Received  from  eudi 
Respective  Cap» 

Tills  20  Day  of  Jun«  1738  VIN^  MATHEWS 


Two  Corporalls 

One  Trumpeter 

fltty  two  private  men — In  all  60 

Tlie  totall  505 

officers  &  Soldiers 

Sub  officers      60  ffoot 


LIST  OP  THE  QUEEN'S  COUNTY  COMPANY 


go- 


EW 


C5 


m 


i 


CapJa"  Hicks 
Lef.  Sam'"  Seman 
In«'  Josh*  Barns 
Sa :  John  Carle 
Sa :  John  Sovthword 
Sa :  Solomo   Seman 
Sa :  Willi'  pjne 
Tho  Carman 
Tlio  Spragg 
Callp  Carman 
Nath""  Vollintine 
Ben'»  vallintine 
Tlio  Lee 
Jo««  Lee 

Ric""*  Townsend 
Slm»"  Searing 
George  Gildersleeve 
John  Mutt 
Sam  Williams 
Elias  Dorlon 
Roba  Williams 
John  Bedle 
Sam  Bedle 
Jere™  Bedle 
John  Jonson 
Will'  Langdou 
Josep  Langdou 
Sam*  Langdon 
Vol.  IV. 


COMMANDED   BY   CAP'"    JACOB   HICKES 

Sam^  Carman 

Der'o  Brevar 

Tho  Manering 

Barns  Coruelos 

Davi  Pine 

Edw'  Spragg 

Jon«*  Smith 

Sam»«  Rainer 

Ben'»  Wood 

Ben'i  Wood 

Sam"'  Bertsel 

Will :  Totton 

Ben'«  Britsel 

Jeams  Wood 

Abrah  Sovtiiward 

Char'*  Abrahams 

John  Abrahams 

Jesp«  Totton 

Robart  Lee 

Tho  Gildersleeve  Drummer 

John  Smith 

Mordeca  Lester 

Rich  Bedle 

Sam^o  Seman  J 

Daniel  Smith 

Tho  Seaman 

Josep  Carman 

Hen  Seman 

18 


Jos*P  Seman 
Gar<>i>  Smith 
Josep  Pettet 
George  Boldin 
Dani>  Bedle 
Jea"*  Smith 
Isaac  Jarniau 
Jeams  Bedle 
Joseph  W^ood 
Jolin  Carle  :  J 
Ben'»  Pine 
Rio*"  Gildersleeve 
Ben'»  Bedle 
Joseph  Bedle 
Adam  Mott 
Sam»«  Carman 
Rich*  Maniring 
John  Seman 
Jacob  Seman 
Jonas  fflower 
Rich"  Totton 
Will.  Verity 
John  Sovthword.  J. 
Daniel  Hevlet 
Mafa  Totten 
Samve  Totten 
Robart  Marvin 
John  Smith  J. 


IS8 


■TATB  or  TUB  rKUTIMCE  or  MEW  VOBK. 


John  Rainer  Bent*  Smith  Jeams  Mott 

JeamA  Pine  Jcams  Seman  Saiu*«  SenitiD 

This  is  a  tru  Copy  talcen  out  of  ye  Original  Roll  by  me 

CAPV   JACOB  HICKES 


;■■ 
ri 


ilih 


LIST  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  COMPANIES  173a 

A  LIST  OF  THE  BI.UE  ARTILLERY  OOMPAMY  VNPEB  JOHN  WALDRON. 


John  Brown  Cap*  Lietenant 

Peter  Low  first  ditto 

W"  Harmersly  second  ditto 

Henry  Rew  tliird  ditto 

'Willillam  Carr 

William  Hillton 

Yicktor  Beekers 

Zebadiah  Hunt 

Henry  Ricke 

Jolin  Tebout 

William  Floyde 

John  Turner 

Frances  Siluester 

Andrew  Law  Jun' 

Benianian  Tliomas 

John  Braser 

John  Golett 

Isreal  Chadwick 

John  Morschaliok 

Tharnett  Basley 

Alexander  Aliar 

Jacob  Golett 

Thomas  Hill 

William  Smith 

John  Pintard 

James  Spencer 

Andrew  Bristed 

Piiillip  Jacob  Bomper 

Jeremiah  Lattouch 


Thomas  Niblett 
Hasewell  van  Cure 
Abraham  Pells 
John  Walker 
Moses  Oamboa 
Allhartus  Tebout 
John  Byuank 
Danel  Bonett 
William  Carr 
John  Lewis 
Dauid  Griffis 
Robert  Prouoost 
Peter  Pantynier 
Ahnsuars  Ellsnorth 
Joseph  Lidle 
John  Turman 
Richard  Baker 
James  Sauers 
Samuel  Lawrance 
Isaak  Johnson 
Thomas  Hunt 
Nicholas  Carmer 
Jacob  Sarly 
Mathew  Woollfe 
Robert  Bennett 
Edmond  Peers 
Robert  Wood 
Jolm  Hunt 


Henry  Williams 
Peter  Demett 
John  Lush 
Andrew  Mansflld 
Alexander  Phinix 
Samuel  Bourdett 
James  Tucker 
Linthorn  Ratsey 
Jacob  Phinix 
Daniel  Bloom 
Robert  Ratsey 
Jaob  Kip 
Henry  Tucknep 
James  Hill 
John  Bell 
Phillip  Brown 
Thomas  Tateke 
Ricliard  Barker 
James  Skellton 
Richard  Jeifers 
William  Deen 
William  Boyde 
Dauid  Goodwine 
Samuel  Payton 
Jespar  Bush 
Vincent  Bodine 
James  Fauear 
William  Bryant 


VTATB  OF  THS  nOTIIIGE  Or  RBW   fOMI. 


'        LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY  OF  MILITIA 

UNDER  THE  COMMAND  OF  OEMKO  BKtKMAN. 


flrat  Lieutenant  &  Second  Ditto 
Ulch<>  Vun  Dam  &  Jacob  Miller 
botli  Dec"". 
Meyer  Insign  non  rMident 

■.  t 
Gerard*  Comford  ^ 

W"'  Gilbert        f  „ 
Ger^Harsen       (*"8«nts 
Dan<i  Gotler       )  • 

Jacobus  Quick 
Tho*  Howard 
Abraham  Ten  Eyck 
Aron  Smith 
John  King 
Lewis  Nordyn 
Daniel  Meker 


James  Young    . 
Jolin  Quick 
Jolin  Van  Oylder 
John  >Vllliam8 
John  Bassett 
Jacob  Haraw 
Arle  Bogaert 
Peter  Marschalk 
John  Delamontaqje 
John  Lashly  Jua' 
David  Gallation 
Lucas  Kierstead 
John  Nicholls 
Richard  Bocas 
William  Eagles 
John  Beekmau 
James  Davie 


Jacob  Wessellt 
John  Van  Deurscn 
Jacob  De  Lamontaqje 
Jacob  Slover 
David  Van  Gelder 
David  Provoost 
Barent  Coerten 
Jacob  Trimper  . 
Collin  Bursey 

...  Swaen 
John  Ti^ew 
Walter  Heyer 
Cliarles  Misselkagh 
Jeremla  Sherdewya 
Peter  Rusten 
39  men 


A  LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY 

BELONGING  UNDER  THE  COMMAND  OF  CAPT.   CHARLES  LAROGXS. 


Guln  Ver  Plank,  first  Lut» 
Tobias  Stoutenburgh  second  Lut* 
David  Abeel  Insigne 

Andrew  Hunter 
Henry  Carmer 
John  Dewint 
Joseph  Hayse 
Gilbert  Rotery 
Seth  Smith 
Samuel  Burling 
John  Man 

William  Freedenburgh 
William  Seatly 
John  Freedenburgh 
Hannes  Snoek 
Lucas  Van  Veghte 
John  Surges 


John  Roberson 
George  Ellman 
John  Tennor 
William  Snyder 
Daniel  Dyke 
William  Dyke 
Abraham  Persell 
John  Casanie 
Phillip  Shaljoth 
Jacob  Shareman 
John  Grig 
Israel  Shadick 
William  Roose 
Daniel  Revoe 
Joseph  Annow 
Standly  Homes 
Cornelius  Quackeabosh 
John  Killmaster 


James  Harding 
Dirk  Amerman 
Cohan  Jurry  Mitter 
Johan  france  Waldxon 
Thomas  Wood 
William  Brown 
William  Strong 
William  Hoppe 
William  Home 
Abraham  Van  Aram 
Phillip  Soper 
Thomas  Montanjea 
Abraham  Poalin 
Petrus  Montanjea 
Jolm  Ackerson 
Edward  Anderson 
Richard  Green 
Isaac  Van  Gelder 


14(1 


•TATB  «r  Titc  raeTtRflB  or  nw  tomt. 


Pliillip  Young 
Juiifs  Wriglit 
William  Van  Syce 
Syniou  Van  Syce 
Wllliani  Moor 
JiiHfiilt  Montanjen 
Juint- 8  Loiiwe 
ioliii  Van  Wyke 
TlHwphvles  Elswort 
Mathew  Redit 
Andirw  Redit 
Fredrick  Sebrsnl 
John  Coxs 
Baran  Juda 
Peter  Smith 


Fredrick  Becker 
Jamea  Simson 
John  Meserol 
MartH  Bont 
Hriidriek  Ordert 
Tunes  Tebout 
John  Coxs 
Isaac  Demilt 
Martiniis  Bogaart 
John  Balden 
Henry  Jenkings 
Aron  Magerson 
John  Magerson 
Robert  Carter 
Frank  Moany 


(it'orgti  Arter 
Raniufl  Pell 
J<»lin  I^wrence 
Jolin  Kingston 
Peter  Degrot 
Patrick  Smith 
Joseph  Doty 
John  Montanjea 
Esias  SmitI) 
Peter  Wyth 
Isaac  Borea 
Thomas  Wallace 
Peter  Panebaker 
Simon  Breasted— 04 


CAPT.  STUYVESANT'S  COMPANY. 


ir 


Qf  Stnyvesant  Asq'  Cap* 
LiP  Jacobus  Kip 
In^iine  Phillip  Minthome 

Sariants 
John  Horn 
Marten  Van  Even 
Dirrick  Benson 
William  Waldron 

Christian  Hartman 
William  low 
Jacob  Tinne 
Fransis  Child 
John  Minthome 
Chemalus  Child 
Fredrick  Webbers 
John  Harson 
Charls  Dosson 
Jacob  Horn 
Arnovt  Horn 
John  Kip 

Isack  De  Lamantanya 
Andris  Anderson 
David  De  Voor  Se» 
David  De  Voor  Ju' 
Abraham  Andetwn 


Johnthon  Hardmon 

Atwa  Buse 

William  Uichson 

John  Bas  Se' 

Jolin  Bas  Ju' 

Abraham  De  Lamwten 

Mathan  Megure 

Burger  Van  Even 

John  Sprong 

John  De  Voor 

Robert  Greage 

John  Waldron  Van  Homshoke 

Benjamin  Waldron 

John  Waldron 

Arron  Kortreght 

John  Benson 

Abraham  Van  Bramen 

Isack  Mier 

John  Sickels 

Onifre  Patoo 

Abraham  Myer  Ju' 

Arron  Myer 

John  Luis 

David  De  Voor 

Peter  Waldron 

Adovlf  Benson 


AdovlfMyerJu' 
John  Myer  Ju' 
Sammual  Waldron  J* 
John  Waldron  Van  hogt 
Jocom  Cardener 
Jacob  Cardener 
John  Dyckman 
Lowrance  Low 
Abraham  Van  Braman 
•ohn  Karsse 
Abraham  Karsse 
Kessolvert  Waldron 
John  Van  Oblenes 
Jacob  Dyckmen 
Jacob  Dyckmen  Ju' 
John  Nagel  Ju' 
Harman  Van  Dewater 
Addrian  Hogland 
John  Anderson 
Ciiernalus  Dyckman 
Edde  Van  Erera 
Handrick  Van  Flackra 
Tunnes  Van  Flackra 
William  Dickre 
John  Dyckman 
Nicklus  Dyckman 


flTATB  or  Ttft  raormcK  ev  mtw  tMt. 


141 


John  Fox 
Juhn  Wahbera 
Jncoh  Van  Ourda 
Abraham  Vhh  Flackrs 
Tsuck  Wabl)er9 
Clioroalui  Wabben 


John  Hoppah 
Andrlit  Hoppah 
JithnCownoven 
Fnulk<>rt  8nm«rindlek 
iMirk  I)«  Luintfr 
William  Algult 


Fradrirk  Allgalt 
John  DuttVlmck 
John  Mnndvvel« 
Jelyet  Maridcvele 
Choranliis  Wabben — 86  men 


CAPT  RICHARDS  COMPANY 


A   MAUTIA   COMPANY   VNDKR   YK   UPECIALL  COMMAND   OF 


Paul  Richards  Esq' 
Cornelius  Sandford  First  LeP 
Abell  Hardenbroock  S*"  I^A 
Joseph  Coutey  Insigne 
Moses  Gomer  Clarke 


Henry  Meyer 
John  Vangelaer 
Abraham  Vangelderf 
Nicholas  anthony 
Cornelius  Myer 
William  Varnall 
James  Weyley 
Joseph  Waldron 
John  Bealy 
Isaac  Twentymen 
William  Hyer 
Burtoll  miller 
James  Best 
Andrew  Clappar 
John  Roerbeck 
Cornelius  seabrean 
Wandle  Horn 
Richard  Anlay 
Samuell  Hazard 
William  Proct«'r 
Jolm  Wright 
Seidney  Briess 


Serjeants 


Tiiomas  Brown 
Jolui  basett 
James  Budselott 
Henrlques  Wesselis 
Petter  vandick 
Richard  vandick 
IJaniell  Yow 
John  Rynders 
John  Taylor 
Jacobus  Montanie 
Potter  Frt-ssneau 
Nathaniell  Hazard 
Alexander  Weyley 
Cornelius  Turk 
Jacob  morris 
Hendrikes  Bulen 
John  Ellsworth 
Anthony  Lamb 
William  Guest 
Albartus  Bush 
John  Coae 
Henry  bedlow 
James  Brown 
John  Horse 
Joseph  Read 
Herry  King 
Lawrence  Fresst 
Isaac  Revara 


Arculas  Wlndflbrd 

Jolm  Fordham 

James  Fuvier 

William  Stone 

Mathiiis  Gonear 

Oerrett  &  andrew  Abnhami 

Ephflfriam  Braiser 

Jacob  Abraham 

Alexander  Oglesby 

John  Myer 

David  Van  home 

Isaac  Blanck 

Petter  Coake 

Daniell  Dunscum 

Curoth  Covernovcr 

Tliomas  Picketh 

Petter  Prawboneth 

John  Steward 

Denis  Hicks 

Andrew  barhead  Senior 

Andrew  barhead  Junior 

John  Masiay 

William  McDovall 

Ellias  Marabrewtt 

John  Flasher 

Petter  A  Voatts 

Stephen  Burdeth — 73  Men 


i 


14S 


•TATE  or  THC  PBOTIMCB  OF  mw   TOUI. 


CAPT.  BOELEN'S  COMPANY. 

AN  EXACT  LIST  OR  MUSTER  ROUL  OF  THE  COMPANY   WHEREOF  IS 


II 


:    '( 


Cap<  Abrah  Boelen 

20 

Jno  Barlow 

46 

Henry  Slyk 

Lutt  Abrah  Van  Wyk 

21 

Abrah  Aeylstyn  Jun' 

47 

Thomas  Welsh 

Sec.  Lut.  Henry  Beekman 

22 

Sampson  Bensin 

48 

James  Turner 

Insign  William  de  Peyster 

23 

Abrah  Finsher 

49 

William  Roome 

Sargianis 

24 

Jno  Couzyn 

50 

Peter  Roome 

1    Victoor  Heyer 

25 

Jno  Hatton 

51 

Thomas  Lawrence 

2    Kasper  Burger 

26 

Phillip  Boiles 

52 

Jno  Barker 

3    Jno  Roome 

27 

Joseph  de  Vou 

53 

Daniel  Van  Deurse 

4    Jn-*  Meyer 

28 

Thomas  Windover 

54 

Samuel  Dunscomb 

Coarprals 

29 

Samuel  Berry 

55 

Thomos  Sanders 

6    Walter  Heyer 

30 

Henry  George 

56 

William  Welsh 

6    William  Seek 

31 

Harman  Bensin 

57 

Jno  James 

7    Isack  Van  Deurse 

32 

Gerrit  Hyer 

58 

Robbeid  Sickles 

33 

Jno  Demmok 

59 

William  Lattim 

8    William  Baldwin 

34 

Harman  Linch 

60 

Jno  Johnson 

9    Jno  Coo 

35 

Jno  Van  Home 

61 

Jno  Exeen 

10    Jno  Farmijter 

36 

Peter  Hebon 

62 

George  Willis 

11    Edward  Hiter 

37 

Joshua  Slyder 

63 

Machiel  Comelisse 

12    Jno  TenBrouk 

38 

Jacobus  Berry 

64 

Roberd  Troop 

13    Arond  Heyer 

39 

Jno  Walker 

65 

Jno  Montayne 

14    William  Heyer 

40 

Vincent  Montanie 

66 

Jacob  Roome 

15    William  Oglesbey 

41 

Walter  Hyer 

67 

George  Van  Home 

16    Oliver  Sioert 

42 

Cornelius  Bussing 

68 

Fredrik  Bloom 

17    Cornelius  Van  Den  Berg 

43 

Jeptah  Smith 

69 

Herman  Johnson 

18    Johannes  Aelstyn 

44 

Gerret  Cozyn 

70 

Cornelius  Van  Hook— 74 

19    Samuel  Bell 

45 

Adriaen  Hogeland 

' 

New  York  Feb'  8  A"  1737  |  8. 
A  LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY 

OF 

CAPT.    CORNELUS    VAN    HORNE 

Cap*  Cornelus  Van  Home 

5 

Samson  Benson  Sam*  Son 

John  Evvets 

Lev'  Jacob  Walton 

James  Hyde 

Thomas  Perdou 

2  Lev'  David  Provoost 

Abraham  Sanders 

15 

John  Waddell 

Insign  Henry  Rutgers 

Samson  Benson  Thewes  Son 

Lodewyck  kraan 

r  Arie  King 

James  Clerck 

John  White 

J  Jacob  Kip 
•'           J  Henry  Benson 

10 

Samuel  Maghee 

David  Michell 

Alexander  Maghee 

Benjamen  Loory 

(  Aemout  Rome 

John  Stephens 

20 

Phillip  Lewis 

■TATE  OF  THX  rBOVIIfCC  OF   NSW   TOM. 


143 


John  Christian 
Samuel  Barnhart 
Marthen  Myer 
Isaclc  Brazier 

25    Abraham  Peltrou 
Johannes  Pool 
John  Van  Pelt 
Charles  Sprangier 
Robbert  Provoost 
Joshua  Laplaine 
Samuell  Weever 
Jonatlian  Peasley 
Peter  Vergeroa 
Edward  Killey 

35    Nicolas  Murfey 

John  Bogert  John  Son 
Jacobus  Quick 
Samuel  Couwenoven 
John  Robins 

40    Pieter  pontenier 
aswerus  Elzewart 
Cap  Nathaniel  Hinson 
Wynant  van  Gelder 
Jonathan  Right 

45  James  Burlin 
Richard  Gill 
William  Hauckshurst 


Lodewyck  Bemper 
Daniell  Bountekoe 

oO    Abraham  Hyat 
Isack  Bokee 
James  Bussy 
Aarent  Gilburd 
John  fine 

55    George  Joung 

James  Codden  Jnn» 
George  Marschalk 
Henry  Van  de  Water 
Daniell  Bonett 

60    Jacob  Senjoor 
William  Eckson 
Hugh  Wentwort 
Philip  Cetchin 
Gilbord  Hyatt 

65    John  Cliappell 
Isack  Varian 
Nathaniell  Sackett 
Isack  Gardner 
Mozes  Tayler 

70    Thomas  Eealda 
Jolin  Walless 
John  Suttin 
Richard  Durham 
Cornelus  Van  Gelder 


75    John  Saunders 

Jeremia  Sherdevine 

Alexander  Mackdoii    - 

Robberd  Marrell 

Thomas  Bradberry 
80    Peter  De  Groot 

Wiliam  Bartled 

Tliomas  Grant 

Edward  Hix 

Orstin  Hix 
85    Walter  Achter  de  Long 

Cliarles  Smith 

Thomas  Sickels  Jun' 

Richard  Waldron 

Hendrick  Header 
90    Daniell  Vaun 

Joseph  North 

John  Dunscum 

Joseph  Collett 

David  Schot 
95    William  Boyd 

Jolm  Lake 

Mathew  Woodford 

Wiliam  Cerlijal 

Abraham  Bokee 

100  Caleb  Farley 

101  Daniell  Van  Yleck— 105 


I 


;eant3 


James  Searie  1" 
Wil"  Walton  2d 
John  Vanderspegle  tla^i'^ 

Th«'Hall         jserg 
Ja*  Creighton    ) 

W"  Colegrove 
Martin  Clock 
Sam"  Sage 
Sam"  Lewis 
John  Hamans 
Hutchin  Marshal 
Bei^amin  Mo«r« 


A 

OF  MALITIA 

Leiv  • 


LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY. 

WHEREOF   IS   CAPTN.    HENRY 

Humphrey  Jones 
Sam"  Babington 
ohn  Stout 
Hendrick  Cregeer 
[vlartinus  Cregeer  Jun' 
Abraham  Bargeau 
John  Smith 
Benjamin  Shoot 
James  Wallbritten 
Francis  Wessels 
Henry  Holt 
Tho"  Peirce 
James  Jarret 


CVYLER. 

Sam"  Levy 
David  Robinson 
John  Piutard 
Tho»  Duncan 
Tobias  Ten  Eyck 
John  Hastier 
George  Burnett 
Charles  Hume 
Joris  Brinckerhooff 
Jacob  Franks 
Moses  Franks 
David  Franks 
The*  WilUt 


144 


•TATE  or  TBI  raOTIRCE  Or  NEW   YOUI. 


Joseph  Leddel 
Joseph  Leddel  Jun* 
Stephen  Galas 
Rob<  Crook 
Tho»  Oaks 
James  Bayley 
Tho»  Tyte 
Sam"  Pell 

Gerardus  Onycklnck 
John  M°MulIen 
RichJ  Ray 
W"  Sherraur 
John  Swilivan 
W"  Orsban 
W"  Gale 
Barant  Bush 
John  Wright 
Elijah  Heaviland 
George  Lamb 
Joseph  Watkir 


Charles  Sleigh 
Jolin  Williams 
Sam"  Myers  Cohen 
Andries  Ten  Eyck 
RichJ  Ten  Eyck 
Peter  Telyewr 
Henry  Demire 
Robt  Richardson 
RichJ  Evits 
John  Ganter 
Nicholas  Ganter 
Thomas  Griggs 
Thomas  Griggs  Jon' 
William  Colwill 
Isaac  Shurdavine 
Rice  Villiams 
John  Lundlakin 
Jacobus  Fork 
Richard  Fork 
Ellas  Burger 


Jacob  Vandergrift 
Peter  Praw  Vinsant 
Jolm  Gasharee 
Henry  Patterson 
Peter  Galatian 
Sam"  Brown 
John  Dewitt 
John  Buckanover 
Franciss  Worner 
Rineer  Burger 
Daniel  Lynsen 
David  Walker 
Tho«  Picks 
Tho«  Rigby 
Richd  Byfleld 
Joseph  Scott 

Lashare 
Charles  Hanley — 91  Men 
97  (officers  omitted.) 


A  LIST  OF  A  FOOT  COMPANY 


VNDER  THE  COMMAND  OF  CAPT.  JOSEPH  ROBINSON  TAKEN  IN  NEW  YORK  THE  21  DAY  OF  JANUARY  1737  I  8. 


Isaac  De  peyster  LeufiF 

9 

John  Stoutenburgh 

28 

Corneles  Van  Vechten 

N  W  grant  Second  Leufif 

10 

Tobias  Stoutenburgh 

29 

Willm  poppelstorf 

gaul  Du  Bous  lusine 

11 

Albartus  Van  de  Water 

30 

Alexander  Willsen 

Jacobes  Stoutenburgh  Clarck 

12 

henderyckas  Van  de  Water 

31 

gerrit  Van  gelder 

13 

frerick  heyr 

32 

Evert  pels 

harme  Bussingh 

14 

Richard  Warner 

33 

Samuel  pels 

Benjamen  Quackenbos 

15 

John  Bond 

34 

Marchus  Peffer 

Cliristeaen  Stuiver 

16 

Adward  Linter 

35 

Corneles  Cozeijn 

John  Blanck  Ser<> 

17 

John  Nlcholds 

36 

John  Whiter 

John  Monthanye  Drummer 

18 

Adam  Van  de  Bergh 

37 

adward  kimmel 

19 

Willm  Spoor 

38 

Wilm  Croleus 

1    John  Eeuwets 

20 

Aswerus  turck 

39 

Peter  Corsieleus 

2    franses  Barrea 

21 

Zacharejas  Ziggelse 

40 

henderickas  oth 

3    Richard  hopper 

22 

Richard  Baker 

41 

Johannes  Remie 

4    Isaac  Stoutenburgh 

23 

Willm  Louwdeth 

42 

Johannes  Staat 

5    John  Vredenbnrgh 

24 

Peter  Pruar 

43 

Johannes  pieter  Kimpel 

6    odreen  Deppye 

25 

Peter  Lott 

44 

gerret  de  freest 

7    Walter  De  Giaau 

26 

thomas  Ellon 

45 

Baltus  hejr  ' 

8    John  oblyn« 

27 

Pieter  Losw 

46 

John  Cur* 

RATE  or  THE  PXOVINCE  OF  NEW   YOBX. 


145 


47  Bobbert  Cure 

48  Ducke  arrell 

40  Jacob  Wickenbergh 

50  Wilm  Acklye 

51  John  Acklye 

52  Fieter  Andriesse 

53  geysbert  gerritse 

54  Samuel  oths 

55  Wilm  persell 

56  Anthony  hem 

57  John  Dul)S 

58  John  Bogert 

59  henry  Van  Ness 

60  Richard  Kip 

61  Isaac  Bussingh 


62  Aron  Bussingh 

63  Gaspares  Blanck 

64  John  van  orden 

65  John  Davis 

66  Jacob  Bruar 

67  John  Bruar 

68  Abram  Bruar 

69  Nicolas  tomas 

70  Daniel  Burger 

71  Nicholas  Rosevelt 

72  Adam  king 

73  Willmfisser 

74  John  Post 

75  Peter  Carbie 


76  henry  Stanton 

77  John  monthanye 

78  Jacob  Monthanye 

79  Anthony  Boutser 

80  Barnaba  Saruch 

81  Corneles  Magielse  ! 

82  Beujamen  Watchcn 

83  amusWillckenson 

84  WillmBurneth 

85  Jolm  hughsten 

86  henry  hennejon 

87  Isaac  hennejon 

88  Michall  Louwerier 

89  Everardus  Bruar— 95  Men 


New  York  y«  10th  ApriU  1738. 
A  LIST  OF  YE  INHABITANTS 

OF  V»  SOUTH  WARD  IN  Y"  BEAT  OF  CAP^  MATHEW  CLABKSON. 


Cap*  Mathew  Clarkson 

Simon  Johnson  first  Leutenant 

Cornelius  Wynkoop  2"^  Leuten* 

John  Dyer  Ensigne 

JohnHeyer  ?g     . 

John  Lesher  J 

John  De  Foreest  Corp' 

1  Cornelus  Bruckman 

2  James  Symes 

3  Adam  Dobbs 

4  Samuel  Johnson 

5  James  Cammel 

6  Daniel  Masters 

7  John  Richard 

8  Peter  Wessells 

9  William  Brown 

10  Abraham  Isaac 

11  Henry  Breasted 

12  James  De  Hart 

13  John  Dunlop 

14  Edward  Nickolds 

15  John  Cregier 


16  Harmanis  Schuyler 

17  Richard  Nauwood 

18  Francis  Bratt 

19  Solomon  Myers 

20  John  Ten  Eyck 

21  Thomas  Routh 

22  Jarvis  Routh 

23  Abraham  Marchalk 

24  John  De  Foreest 

25  Isaac  De  Foreest 

26  Nicholas  De  Foreest 

27  David  Cox 

28  Isaac  Maddox 

29  Justis  Witfeald 

30  Henry  Witfeald 

31  Daniel  Effets 

32  Gedion  Lynsen 

33  John  De  Mercor 

34  Henry  Carmor 

35  William  Lewis 

36  James  Manna 

37  Stheven  Smith 


38  Andrew  Breasted 

39  William  Holton 

40  William  Dobbs 

41  Anthony  Yerrenton 

42  Francis  Harding 

43  Dennes  Andersin 

44  Nicholas  Anthony 

45  Joseph  Simson 

46  Thomas  Edwards 

47  Henry  Biffins 

48  John  Bloom 

49  Abrahan  Van  Deursen 

50  Jassa  De  Foreest 

51  Adam  Beeckman. 

52  John  Blage 

53  Benjamin  Blage 

54  Henry  Peek 

55  James  Mecerty 

56  John  Nickolds 

57  William  English 

68  Garret  Heyer— 65  with  of- 
ficers 


<  I 

I 


Vol.  IV. 


19 


146 


TBS  nomMOB  or  mw 


LIST  OF  THE  COMPANT  OF  MILITI 

FORHEBLY  COMMANDED  BY  JOHN  MOORE. 


1    il 
!4  '  ) 


in 


David  Schuyler  !•>  Lieuten* 
S*  George  Talbot  Ensine 

but  since  removed 
Isaac  Blanck     Isetge^tn 
Tunis  Devour    ) 
Tunis  Van  Wort  Corporal 
Private  Centinels 

1  Cornelius  Van  De  Water 

2  W"  Hitchcock 

3  Jacob  Van  Deursen 

4  Matthew  Bell  Sen' 

5  Matthew  Bell  Jun' 

6  Wn>  Ellsworth 

7  John  Claude 

8  John  Alwin 

9  Peter  Armant 

10  Jeremiah  Reading 

11  John  Johnson 

12  Wm  Millerin 

13  Cornells  Brower 

14  Benjamin  Killmaster 

15  James  Bodin 

16  Joseph  De  Lorne 

17  John  Johnson 

18  John  Morin 

19  Benj»  Appleby 

20  George  Witts 

21  Anthony  Rutgers 

22  Robert  Benson 

23  Richard  Bradburne 

23  Henry  Beckman 

24  Matthew  Allstine 

25  Samuel  Goodness 

26  Peter  Petersen 


27 

Thomas  DeWaite 

60 

Gisbert  Van  Deursen 

28 

John  Brasler 

61 

Surfus  Fleerinboome 

29 

John  Norris 

62 

George  Prior 

30 

Robert  Griffith 

63 

Peter  Lesser 

31 

W"  Griffith 

64 

Jacob  King 

32 

W"  Pritch 

65 

Samuel  Browne 

33 

David  Griffith 

66 

Gisbert  Uytden  Bogert 

34 

John  Thompson 

67 

Cornelius  Roomer  Sen' 

35 

W-n  Lyell 

68 

Cornelius  Roomer  Jun' 

36 

W'n  Pearsley 

69 

Cornelius  Thorp 

37 

Aron  Van  Hook 

70 

John  Clarke 

38 

John  Meckilsa 

71 

John  French 

39 

Elias  Stanbury 

72 

Abraham  Wheeler 

40 

David  Goodwin 

73 

William  Cook 

41 

John  Steinobuek 

74 

Lawrence  Lamerse 

42 

Jacob  Peek 

75 

Elbert  Hommerman 

43 

David  Smith 

76 

Abraham  Florentine 

44 

John  Peterskyder 

77 

Hendrick  Anthony 

45 

Yost  Palden 

78 

William  Cansaly 

46 

Gisbert  Vytden  Bogert 

79 

John  Dennis 

47 

Jacob  Pitt 

80 

Gisbert  Van  Vlecq 

48 

Abraham  Pitt     * 

81 

Barent  Barhite 

49 

Peter  Lamerse 

82 

William  Morgan 

50 

Robert  Harris 

83 

Dirrick  Cook  Jun» 

51 

Peter  Cobusnyder 

84 

Peter  Van  Norden 

52 

Saunders  Rutson 

85 

John  Elnor 

53 

Surt  Olivers 

86 

William  Peick 

54 

Adam  King 

87 

Abraham  Blanck 

55 

Henry  Cavalier 

88 

Jacob  Bennet 

56 

Paulus  Speder 

89 

Garret  Defreest 

57 

Paulus  Berger 

90 

Thomas  Maybourn 

58 

Jacob  Bush 

91 

Roger  M^Cornet — with  of 

59 

Peter  Plowman 

licers  98 

■Txm  or  m  raovmoB  or  msw  tobk. 


147 


LIST  OF  0FFKES8  ISSUED  FOR  NEW  YORK 

WITH  THE  DATES  OF  THEIR  COMMISSIONS. 

Charles  Le  Roux  Esq'  Mijor 1738,  Aug«  15 

No.  1  Abram  Vanwyck  Captain  in  the  room  of  Capt"  Le  Roux 16 

2  GuilianVerplanekCaptintheroomofCollMoore  -       -       -       -       -       -       -17 

3  Isaac  DePeysterCapUn  the  room  of  Coll  Robinson     -'-       •       •       -       •  18 

First  Lieutmants. 

1  Henry  Beekman    •       -       -       -  To  Capt.  Abram  Boelen        .       -       .       -  19 

2  Jacob  kip         -       -        -       -        to  Capt.  Gerard*  Stivesant         ...  21 
8  David Provoost     -       -       -       -   to  Cipt.  Paul  Richards 22 

4  William  Walton  Jun'        •       -       to  Capt  Abram  Vanwyck    ■       .       -       -  23 

5  Abel  Hardenbrook        -       -       -   to  Cap*  Gerardus  Beekman     >       •       -       -  24 

6  Tobias  Stoutenburgh          -       -       to  Cap*  Isaac  Depeyster     ....  26 

7  Walter  Dubois      -       -       -       -   to  Cap*  Gulian  Verplank        -       -       -       -  26 

Second  lAeutenants. 

1  Philip  Minthome      -       -       -       to  Cap*  Gerardus  Stivesant         ...  28 

2  David  Abeel         -       -       -       -   to  Cap»  Henry  Cuyler    -       ....  29 

3  John  Dyer        -       -       -       -       to  Cap*  Mathew  Clarkson  -       -       -       .  30 

4  William  Depeyster        -       -       -   to  Cap*  Abram  Boelen 81 

5  John  vanderspiegle   >       -       -       to  Cap*  Cornel's  Vanhome  Sept'          -       -  l 

6  Henry  Rutgers      -       -       -       -   to  Cap*  Abram  Vanwyck        -       .       -       -  2 

7  John  Pinhome         -        -        -        to  Cap*  Guilian  Verplank    -        -        -       -  4 

8  John  Dewit           -        -        -        -   to  Cap*  Gerardus  Beekman     -        ...  5 

9  Edward  Hicks         -       -       -       to  Cap*  Paul  Richards         ....  6 
10  Thomas  Duncan  ....   to  Capt.  Isaac  Depeyster         ....  9 

Ensigns. 

1  Tho*  Willet     ...       -       to  Cap*  Guilian  Verplank    -       -       -       .  9 

2  BarentRynders    ...        -.  to  Cap*  Henry  Cuyler     -        -        -       -        -  11 

3  Humphry  Jones        -        -       -        to  Cap*  Abram  Vanwyck     ....  12 

4  And"  Clopper      -        -        -       -   to  Cap'  Isaac  Depeyster          -        -       -        -  13 
6  Barthw  Lereaux        -        -       -        to  Cap*  Cornelius  Vanhome         ...  14 

6  Robert  Bensen     ...        -    to  Cap*  Gerardus  Beekman     -        -       -        -  15 

7  John  Barberie  -        -        -        -        to  Cap*  Paul  Richards         ....  ig 

8  Abram  Cortlandt         -       -       -    to  Cap*  Math*  Clarkson         -       -       -       -  18 

9  Gerardus  Beekman  Jun'    -       •        to  Cap*  Abram  Boelen         ....  ig 
10  John  Bensen        -       -       -       •    to  Cap*  Gerardus  Stivesant     -       -       -       -  20 


148 


■TATB  or  TBX  PBOTINCE  OF  NEW  TOBX. 


ULSTER  COUNTY  MIUTIA  173a 


FIELD  OFFICKBS 


Coll*  A.  Gaasbeek  Chambers. 
Let  Collo  Wessel  Ten  Broeck. 
Mayor  Coenradt  Elmendorp. 
Quarter  Master  Cornells  Elraendoi^. 


ULSTER  SS: 
Cap*  Johannis  Ten  Broeck 
Lieut*  Wessel  Ten  Broeck  Jun» 
Corn'  Tho's  Gaasbeek  Chambers 
1<*  Qr.  Mas.  Hendrickus  Krom 
2"<i  Qr.  M.  Johannis  De  Lamatre 
Trump'  Abraham  Constapell 
1"*  Corpori  Richard  Wells 
2'>«i  Corpor'  Gerrit  Elmendorph 
3'<>  Corpor'  Arie  Van  Vliet 
4th  Corpor'  Martie  Lamatre 

5  Corpori    Ffrederick   Schoon- 

maker 

6  Corpor>  Solomon  Haasbrock 
Solomon  Van  Bunschoten 
Jacob  Haasbrock 

Cornells  Depue 
Samuel  Bovie 
Benjamin  Depue 
Egbert  Brinck 
Jan  Ffreer 
Cornells  Ten  Broeck 


ULSTSR  )Jl  list  of  the  foot 

COUNTY  S 

Cap*  John  Persen 

Lievte.  Peter  Oosterhout 

Ensign  Edward  Whittaker 

Sarj*  Aarey  Newkerk 

Saij»  Ned  Devenport 

Sarj*  Jacobus  Van  Dyck 

Corp*  Samuel  Nights 

Corpo  Nathan  Dubois 

Corp*  Solomon  Fre«r 


^  List  of  the  Troopers  Under 
Johannis  Wynkoope  Jun' 
Daniel  De  Bois 
Danill  Haasbrock 
Arent  Ploegh 
Samuel  Schoonmaker 
Tjerck  Schoonmaker 
Arie  Oosterhout 
Wessel  Broadhead 
Simon  Jacob"  Van  Wagenen 
Simon  Van  Wagenen 
Jacob  Van  Wagenen 
Egbert  De  Witt 
David  Biuhance 
Edward  Whittaker  Jun» 
Jacobus  Schoonmaker 
Thomas  Nottingham 
Abraham  Van  Wagenen 
Cornelis  De  Witt 
Cornells  New  Kerck 
Petrus  Ten  Broeck 
Abraham  de  Lamatre 


the  Command  of 
Wilhelmus  Van  Hooghtyling  J' 
Joghem  Schoonmaker  Jun' 
Wessel  Jacob*  Ten  Broeck 
Jan  Tuenis  Oosterhout 
Martie  Middagh 
Johannis  Dubois 
Petrus  Tappen 
Coenraedt  Elmendorph  Jun' 
Abraham  Hardenbergh 
Gysbert  Hendk  Krom 
Leonard  Hardenbergh 
Cornelis  New  Kerck 
Jacob  Rutsen  Jun' 
Harma  Rosekrans 
Philip  Dumon 
Lucius  Elmendorph 
Abraham  Kiersted 
James  Scott 
WiUiam  Krom  Jun' 
to*»  60 


Company  of  Militia  of  the  Corporation  of  Kingston    Under  the 
Command  of 

Dromcr  Andries  Van  Leven 
Samuel  Wood 
Jacobus  Roosa 
Coenradt  Elmendorp 
Jacobus  Persen 
Peter  Van  Leven 
Nemiah  Debois 
Ricard  Davenport 
Andris  Hoof 


Phillip  Hoof 
Hendricus  Oosterhout 
Daniel  Whittaker 
Samuel  Davenport 
Comelus  Persen 
William  Myre 
Christian  Myre 
William  Legg 
Jacobus  Debois  Jn' 


Samuel  Debois 
William  Whittaker 
Jacobus  Whittaker 
John  Davenport  Jn' 
Johanes  Schram 
Corno  Longing  Dyck 
Abro  Hardenberge 


\\  i\ 


STATS  or  THE  PROVIHOC  OF  MEW    YOKK. 


140 


Anthony  Sleght 
John  Legg  Jn' 
Humphy  Devenport 
Mosas  Youman 
Brure  Decker 
John  Decker 
Tobias  Winekoop 


Johanes  Humble 
Godfrey  Woolf  Jn» 
Fredrick  Row 
Michel  Planck 
Jurian  Tappen 
Robert  Sever 
Totall  47 


ULSTER  )  Jl  list  of  the  foot 
COUNTY  5 

Cap'  Tjrck  Van  Keuren 
Lie V  ten*  Abraham  Low 
Ensign  Dirck  Winekoop 
Serg»  William  Swart 
Serg»  Tobias  Van  Bueren 
Corpi  Petrus  Smedes 
Corpi  Ephraim  Dubois 
Corp>  MarynisVan  Aken 
Drom'  Corn'  Jansen 
Willem  Eltinge 
Peter  Van  Aken 
Thomas  Beekman 
Cornells  Van  Kueren 
Cornells  Sleght 
David  De  Lametter 
Evert  Bogardus 
Nicolas  Bogardus 
Jan  Heermans 
Teunis  Van  Steenbergh 
Abr»  Van  Steenbergh 


Company  of  Militia  of  the 
of  Capt.  Tjrck 

Hendrikus  Slegh 
Johannls  Dubois 
Abr>  De  Lametter 
Johan«  Ba  :  De  Witt 
Hisklah  Dubois 
Evert  Winekoop  Ju' 
Tobias  Van  Steenbergh 
Jan  Van  Aken 
Johannls  Chonsalisduck 
Jan  Perse  Ju' 
Petrus  Low 
Isaac  Van  Wagenen 
Abr*  Van  Kueren 
Gerett  Freer 
Corn'  Perse 
Robert  Beever 
Mooses  Jorck 
Giedeon  Van  Aken 
Frans  Hendrick 
Joseph  Chonsalisduck 


Corporation  Kinston  Under  the  Command 
Van  Keuren. 

Thimoteos  Van  Steenbergh 

Jacobus  De  loo 

Dirck  Teerpen  < 

Maas  Bloemendal 

Jacob  Turck 

Jacobus  Eltinge 

Jan  Lome 

Johannls  Felter 

Jame  Letsln 

Peter  Vanderline 

Petrus  Eltinge 

Corn>  De  Lametter  Ju' 

Abr»  Lome  Ju» 

Jacobus  Van  Kueren 

Willem  Krom 

Petrus  Van  Aken 

William  Deen 

Dirck  Van  Vleet  Ju' 

Benjamin  Van  Vleet 

Johannls  Van  Vleet — tot"  60. 


ULSTER  COUNTY    ^  List 

Capt  Tjrck  Dewitt 

Left  Petrus  Bogardus 

Ius°>  Igenas  Dumont 

Serj'  Jury  Snyder 

Serj'  William  Wells 

Serj'  Petrus  Viele 

Corpo  Lukas  Dewitt 

Corpo  Peter  Dumont 

Corpo  Wilhelmus  Hoghteling 


of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia 
the  Command  of 

Clark  Jarman  Pick 
Phillip  Viele  Ju» 
Samii  Wells 
Corno  Viele 
Com*  Marston 
John  Masten 
Gerritt  Viele 
Jacobus  Dumond 
Bei^*  Marten 


of  the  Corporation  of  Kingston  under 

John  Maclene 

Antony  Hoffman 

Hend'  Vankuren 

Teunis  Ploegh 

Zacryas  Hoffman  Ju' 

Petrus  Edmundus  Elmendorp 

Lenard  Hardenbergh 

Jacob  Hardenbergh 

Peter  Leebonte 


HO 


•TATC  or  THE  PBOVINCS  07  NEW  YOEK. 


Dirck  Shepmoes 
Johanes  Viele 
Oerritt  Van  Steenbergh 
Corn*  Van  Kuren  Ju' 
Johanis  Masten 
John  Waters 
Henry  Ellis 
Jacob  Mauris 
Isaac  Wheeler 
Humph  Davenport 
Peter  Burgar 
Isaac  Dubois 


Johan*  Shepmoes 
Gerrett  Davenport 
Art  Masten 
Coenr»  Vanburen 
Albert  Beein 
Dirck  Teerpening 
Jacobus  Deyoe 
Johan*  Degrave 
Corn*  Vankuren 
Jacobus  Yanetten 
Mattys  Merkell 
Hendrick  Vreligh 


Coenrad  Rechtmire 
Heskia  Winekoop 
Christan  Derick 
Fredrick  Row 
Tobias  Winekoop 
WUUamBell 
Arie  Delonga 
Corn*  Vandenbergh 
Johan*  Hoghteling 
Jacob  Dubois  Ju' 
Tot"  61. 


ULSTER  COUNTY    A  List  of 

apt  Hendrick  H.  Schoonmaker 
Leut:  John  Sleght 
Insjn  La  wrens  Van  Gaasbeck 
Sarj:  Edward  Wood 
Sarj:  Dirck  Van  Vleet 
Sarj :  Jacobus  De  Lametter 
Corpo  Teunis  Swart 
Corpo  Johanas  Snyder 
Corpo  William  Oosterhout 
Clark  Benjamin  Sleght 
John  Ploegh 
Peter  Winne 
Heskiah  Schoonmaker 
Teunis  A.  Swart 
Aarent  Ploegh 
John  Wittaker 


the  foot  Company  of  Militia 
the  Command  of 

Abr>  Burhans 
Cryn  Oosterhout 
Jan  Peterse  Oosterhout 
Aares  Van  Steenbergh 
Teunis  Oosterhout 
Jan  Krinse  Oosterhout 
Hendrick  Brinck 
Jacob  Brinck 
Lawrens  Swart 
Abr«  Post 
Abr»  Oosterhout 
Jan  Woolf 
Johannls  Burhans 
Marta  Snyder 
Zachary  Backer 


of  the  Corporation  of  Kingston  tmder 

Lawrence  Salisbury 
Johannis  Burhans  Jn' 
Poules  Pelen 
Bowdewine  Vanderllp 
Teunis  Van  Bunschote 
Wilhelmus  Demyer 
Jacobus  Van  Steenbergh 
Hendricus  Ploegh  Jn' 
Hend'  Krynse  Oosterhout 
Petrus  Krynse  Oosterhout 
Hendricus  Ploegh 
Abr»  Davenport 
Petrus  Oosterhout 
Corn'  Swart 
Grieg  Magriegere— tot^i  46. 


ULSTER  COUNTY.    Jl  List  of  the  foot  Company  of  Militia  of  marbletown  under  the  Command  of 


Capt  Daniel  Brodhead 
Liev'  John  Dewitt 
Ensign  John  Brodhead 
Serjeant  Martin  Bogart 
Seijeant  Jacobus  Bush 
Serjeant  Thomas  Keator 
Corporal  Cornelius  Van  Kampen 
Corporal  Christopher  Davis 
Corporal  Jacob  Keator 


Capt.  Daniel  Brodhead. 
Drummer  Seter  Vandenbergh 
Gierke  Ric«i  Pick 

Lambert  Brinck 
Johannes  Van  Luven 
Andreas  Van  Luven 
Frederick  Davis 
Gysb*  Roosa 
Jan  Roosa 


Jacob  Keyser 
Valentine  Smith 
Tuenis  Klarwater 
Johannes  Bush 
James  Robinson 
Mathew  Algar 
James  Algar 
Hartman  Hine 
Arien  Vandermarke 


■TATB  or  TBI  normcB  or  irxw  roas. 


Ibl 


Jacob  Vaiidermarke 
Jacob  Middagh 
Jacobus  Tack 
Isaac  Tuck 
Johannes  Jansen 
Dirck  Biish 
Melgnrt  Ketor 
Tho*  Vandermarke 
Augustinus  Ketor 
Hendrick  Roosa 
Hendr  Vandermarke 
Dirck  Keyser 
Samuel  Davis 
Samuel  Cock 
Benj»  Davis 
Alexander  Ennis 
Andrew  Kernith 
Isaac  Van  Kampen 
Samuel  Mourits 
Johan*  Thomas 
Moses  Cantien 


Nicholas  Keyser 
WilUam  Hine 
John  Wood 
Johannes  Elting 
Anthony  Gerrits 
Corn*  Tack  Jn' 
Henry  Jansen 
Tho*  Bush 
Fred'  Keator 
Hend'  Bush 
John  Price 
Lambert  Bush 
Moses  Depuy 
Johan*  Vandermarke 
Thorn*  Vandermarke 
Nicholas  Vandermarke 
Arie  Ketor 
Thorn*  More 
John  Krom 
Henry  Krom  Jn' 
Robert  Maginnis 


Lewis  Bevier 
Johanas  Kool 
Andreas  Conterman 
Henry  Conterman 
Adam  Hoffman 
Hendricus  Van  Steenbargh 
Abr*  Constaple 
Richard  Lonsberry 
William  Ennis 
Augu*  Vandemarke 
Ephaim  Chambers 
Dirck  Keyser  Jn' 
Jacob  Keyser  Jn' 
Jacob  Sleyter 
Nicholas  Sleyter 
Nich*  Sloyter  Jn' 
Johannes  Depuy 
Fred'  Schoomker 
Power  Easel 
Edward  Robason 
John  Smith— tot>i  89 


A  LIST  OF  THE  COMPANY  OF  MILITIA 

or  THE  WALL  ▲   KILL  UNDER   THE  COMMAND  OF  CAFT  JOHN  BYARD 


Capt  John  Byard 
Lievt  William  Berland 
Ensign  William  Keils 
Serj'  John  Newkerk 
Corp"  John  Miller 
Lendert  Coll 
Cornelius  Coll 
Barnat  Coll 
John  Robeson 
James  Glispy 
Thomas  Glispy 
John  Willkine 
William  Wilkins 
Andraw  Graham 
George  Olloms 
John  North 
John  North  Ju' 
Samuel  North 
James  Toung 


Robert  Toung 
Mathew  Young 
John  Andraws 
James  McNeill 
John  McNeill 
Andraw  borland 
John  borland 
John  McNeill  Jm 
James  Craford 
John  Craford 
Alexander  Milligan 
Nathaneill  Hill 
Alixdkid 
Archabald  Hunter 
James  Hunter 
John  Wharrey 
Benj*  Hios 
John  M"  Neill  Senior 
Mathew  Prea 


WiUiam  Craford 
Robert  hunter 
James  Munall 
Gors  Monull 
John  Munall 
William  Monall 
Thomas  Neils 
Robert  Neils 
John  Neils 
Mathew  Neils 
Nathaneill  jojter 
John  Neily  Ju' 
Joseph  butteltown 
Thomas  Colman 
Joseph  Shaw 
pathrick  broodrick 
William  Soutter 
John  butiield 
John  M«ve 


158 


■TATK  or   THB   mOVlMCE  OW   HEW   YOSK. 


John  Jones 
Joseph  knap 
Isakiah  OaiU 
Celab  knep 
Robert  M«Cord 
William  fallkne 
Ezrail  Rodgr 
Jaremiah  Rodgr 
James  Rodgr 
James  Whit 
John  Manly 
francius  walls 
Robert  Hughy 
Robert  banhanan 
James  £gar 
Thomas  MoCollom 
Sojornars  Her 
John  Haves 
M  kam  Clein 


Jury  burger 
Hugh  flenign 
BenJ»  benot 
Patrick  Me  peiok 
John  Eldoris 
Patrick  Oalasby 
John  Lowry 
Samuel  mith 
Jopth  Teall 
James  Craford 
Joseph  Suttei 
David  Cree 
Edward  Andrews 
Samuel  Cray  ford 
Endrew  Doell 
Phillip  Milsbugh 
Cronamas  Mingus 
StufTel  Moll 
Hannas  Crane 


JohnYong  >    ■    i 

Hendrlck  Newkerk 
Frederick  Sanzabui 
Cornelius  walls 
Hendrlck  Crist 
Hunas  Crist 
Lowrance  Crist 
Mattys  Milsbigh 
and  his  son 
John  Mings 
Stevanis  Crist 
Jacob  bush 
Cronamas  falter 
Richard  Gatehouse 
John  boyls 
Richard  boyls 
John  Jameson 
John  McDonall 
James  Davis— tot»  114 


ijii 


ULSTER  )j?  list  of  the  foot 
COUNTY  ) 

Cap'  Cornells  Wine  Coop 
Left  Antonie  Crispel 
Insin  Abraham  Ten  Eyck 
Serj*  Hendrlck  Konstaple 
Corpi  Solomon  ter  Willege 
Corp'  Jacob  Vanwagene 
Drom'  Marynis  Chambers 
Jan  Van  Duese  Clarke 

Nicolas  Blansjan 
Lambert  Brinck 
Tuenis  Oostrander 
Jan  Roosa 

Hendrlck  Oostrander 
Gerret  Konstapel 
Johannis  Crispel 
Johannls  Suylandt 
Arie  Van  Etten 
Harmanus  Oostrander 
Antonie  Crispel  Ju' 
Tohan*  Konstaple 


Company  of  Militia  of  hurly 
Wine  Coop. 

Andries  Van  Vliet 
Heyman  Roosa 
Jan  A  Roosa 
Gysbert  Roosa  Ju' 
Jan  Crispel  Ju' 
Dirck  Roosa 
Gerret  Je»  Freer 
Ned  Wieler 
Edvart  Chammers 
Daniel  potter 
Robert  Wieler 
Wouter  Sluyter 
Evert  Sluyter 
Willem  Srait 
Gerret  Van  Wagenen 
Johan*  Van  Wagenen 
Aert  Van  Wagenen 
Matys  Blansyan  Ju' 
Simon  Helm 
Adam  Sjeever 
Jefta  De  Lange 


under  the  Command  of  Capt.  Comelis 

Chrisstoffel  Brosie 
Mattheus  Nieukerck 
BenJ>  Nieukerck 
Petrus  Crispel 
Jan  Ja :  Roosa 
Abr*  Roosa 
Nicolas  Roosa 
Benj»  Claerwatei 
Jan  ter  Willege  Ju' 
Jan  Van  Dense  Ju' 
Jan  Brinck 

Johannis  Oostrander  Ju 
Willem  Sluyter  Ju' 
Hendrlck  Ja :  Freer 
Jan  Waters 
Albert  Ja:  Roosa 
Willem  Burhans 
Jacop  Clyn 
Jacop  Oostrander 
Tot"  60. 


i- 


Hi 


VTATS  or  TAB  PKOVIMCB  Of   MIW   TOMt. 


IBS 


r 


ULSTER 
COUNTY 
<.*a|i»  Cornelius  Hi)orul)«ck 
Lini>  plilllip  Dubois 
Fiisign  Cornelius  B  :  Low 
SerJ*  Johannis  Hoornbeck 
Serj*  Jolin  Wesbroeck 
Serj*  Htirniunis  Kosekrans 
Corp"  Sumuel  Swarthout 
Corp'  Tuenis  Mlddagh 
Corpo  Manuel  Oonsalis 

Arien  Van  Vllet 

Jolin  Schoonniaker 

BenJ>  van  wagenen 

Jolui  Uobeson 

John  Hillruen 

Fraiis  Kehler 

Jacob  Kelder 

William  Kelder 

Fetter  Kelder 

Jacobus  Quick 

Jacobus  Depue 

Joh*  Hendrelckson 

Joli*  Krom 

Henthick  Krom 

Daniel  Schoonmaker 

Jociiam  Fra :  Schoonmaker 

Johannis  Miller 

Josaphat  Dubois 


list   of  tht  foot    Company  of  AKlitia  of  RoctHtr   under  the  Command  of  Cnpt^ 

Comtliut  Hoomhtck, 


Jacob  Vernoy 
Tuenis  Oosterhout  Ju' 
Kryn  Oosterliout 
Nicliolas  Ketor 
Petrus  Oosterhout 
Hend*  Oosterhout 
Jonathan  Westbroeck 
Johannis  Westbroeck 
Matheus  Terwlllige 
Nlcklas  Low 
Abra  Low 
Cornelius  Low 
Jacobus  Low 
Johannis  Oosterhout 
Jereraia  Van  Dermerke 
Jacob  Dewitt  Ju' 
Jolin  Dewitt 
Cornelius  Winekoop 
Jacobus  TerwiUige 
John  Terwlllige 
Benj*  Hoornbeck 
Dirck  Hoornbeck 
Peter  Westbroeck 
Tobias  Hoornbeek 
Jacobus  Hoornbeck 
Lowrcnce  Cortreght 
Mathew  Cortreght 


peter  Cortreght 
Hendrick  Cortreght 
Joiianuis  Ketor 
Isaac  Van  Akeu 
Charles  Dannesoa 
Richard  Kittle 
Benj»  Roggers 
Wessel  Vernoy 
Coenradt  Vernoy 
Mit-hel  Helm 
Petrus  Low 
Lawies  Bovler  Ju» 
Cornelius  Bovier 
Samuel  Bovier  Ju' 
Jacob  Bovier 
Manuel  Gonsalis  Ju' 
Jacob  Middugh 
Abr*  Mid<lagh 
Isaac  Middagh 
Johannis  Middagh 
Janies  Simson 
Jacob  Vandermarke 
Geradus  Van  Inwegea 
Beiij*  Co<ldel)eck 
William  CoddebecK 
Abi*  Coddebeck 
Peter  Jemare — total!  81. 


ULSTER  )A  list  of  the  foot 
COUNTY  i 

Cap*  Zacharias  Hoffman 
Liev*  Benjamin  Smedes  Ju* 
Ensign  Zacharias  HotTman  Ju' 
Serj'  John  teer  penning 
Serj'  John  Freer 
Seij"  Evert  Terwillege 
Corp*  Ciiristlan  Dujo 
Corp*  Hendrick  Dujo 
Corpo  Isiiac  Lefever 
Isaac  freer 
Tuenis  Terpening 
Vol.  IV. 


Company    of  Militia  of  the  Pais 

Zacharias  Hoffman. 
Jan  Une 
Jonas  freer 
James  Agmodi 
Simon  Lefever 
Petrus  Low 
Johannis  Low 
Josia  Elling 
Abr*  Dujo 
Cornelius  Dubois 
Jonathan  Dubois 
Heud' Dubois 

SO 


under  the   Command  of   Capt, 

Mosis  Dujo 

August"  Van  Dermerke 
Jacob  Ge:  Decker 
James  Pinnick 
Daniel  Winflel 
Manewel  ter  Willige 
Johannes  Terwilige 
Hendrick  Decker 
Peti-us  Terwlllige 
Thoni"  Janson  Ju' 
William  Rosekrans' 


I 


i',1 


Jotiia  Snifldes 
Oerett  Ja:  Decker 
Stevanis  Swart 
Juhn  Robertse 
Andrew  Oramei 
Ruber  Oreams 
Jt>hn  Bluke 
.Tatnc!  Jnn!«ton 
SiilHiiinn  Isrel 
Riiinnel  Sumpson 
Roger  blainles 
Kicliard  Davis 
Lawrence  Eldorp 
Tonius  Murcoun 
John  Andrew 
Arie  Terwillege 
\^'illiani  Schout 
Cornelius  bruyn 
William  Ja:  Decker 
Jacob  Ja:  Decker 
Abr*  Ja:  Decker 


tTATB  or  THB  FBOftlCet  OV   frtW    TOM. 


Iiaao  Ja:  Decker 
Hei\J*  Ja:  Decker 
Jacob  He:  Decker 
Abf  He:  Decker 
Abr*  Terwilllge 
Isaac  Terwilllge 
Kvert  Terwilllge  Ju' 
Corn*  Sclio4)nmuker  Ju' 
Corn*  Cool 
Joliannis  Cool 
Low  is  Ptrnteiiero 
John  Greara 
William  Weller 
Hendrick  Weller 
Isaac  Haasbroeck 
Jacob  Haasbroeck  Jn 
BenJ*  Haasbroock  Ju* 
Zacharias  klarwater 
Abr*  Bovier 
Mathues  Bovier 


Jacobus  Bovier         . 

Imuic  Bovier  , 

Abr*  Lefever 

Natbael  Lel'ever 

BenJ*  Haaibroeek 

Symon  Dubois 

Isaac  I^efever  Ju' 

Peter  De;  Jo 

Huge  Freer  Ju' 

Hendrick  Van  Wijak 

Abr*  Vanderraerko 

Lewis  Sa:  Bovier 

William  Armstrong 

Rol)ert  Jong 

Mathew  Jong 

Rol)ert  Cain 

Robert  Hatme 

John  Magdonel 

John  Jemson 

Johauues  Masseker — tot»  94 


ULSTER  iJI  list  t>f  tht  foot 

COUNTY  S 

Capt  Thonifi''  Ellison 

Liev>  George  Harrison 

Ensign  John  Young 

Serjent  David  Davis 

Serjent  Patrick  M«Cloghrjr 

Serjent  M<i<)as  Oaritsun 

Corp*  Jacobus  Bruyn  Jn* 

Corpo  Jumes  Stringham 

Corp*  Jonathan  Hazzard 

Clark  Charles  Clinton 

John  Umphrey 

Jame  Gamble 

John  Gamble 

Cornelius  M'CIean 

John  Umphry  Ju* 

James  Umphry 

Peter  Mulinder 

Robert  Burnet 

Archibtild  Beaty 

Arthar  Beaty 

David  Olliver      . 


Cvmpany  of  Militia  of  the  preitnk  »f 
of  Capt.  T\ot.  Ellison. 
Mathew  Davis 
Alexander  Falls 
David  Bedford 
William  Coleman 
Joseph  Sweezer 
Tliomns  Coleman 
Jolin  M<=Vey 
John  Jones 
Patrick  Broderick 
Joseph  Shaw 
Calab  Curtis 
William  Sutten 
Jeremiah  Foster 
Charles  Beaty 
A  mas  Foster 
Alexander  Denniston 
James  Young 
James  Nealy 
Robert  Feef 
Joseph  Butterton 
Samuell  Luekey 


th»  IRgland  Under  the  Comnumi 

John  Markham 
John  Read 
Jeseph  McMikhill 
David  Uniphrey 
Johaniiis  George 
Jeremiah  Tomkins 
Isaac  Tomkins 
William  Watts 
Josiah  Elsworth 
James  Elsworth 
Anthony  Preslaer 
Jonathan  Tomkins 
John  N'icoll  Jn' 
Alexander  McKey 
Robert  Sparks 
Jevriah  Quick 
Thomas  Quick 
Jacob  Gillis 
Joseph  Simson 
James  Clark 
John  Clark 


p    ; 


-♦—  "-'—X' 


L(Ml«wlok  Miller 
Peter  Miller 
Ofori^e  Waygant 
WllliHm  Ward 
William  Wa^l  Jn' 
John  Mattyt  Klmliergh 
WlllUm  Smith  iiv 
Jimet  EdfflMtou 


•T*T«  07  THI   mOVIIfCB  OF  MBW    VOMI. 


IM 


Tobias  WaygHte 
Jerry  Maine 
Thomas  Johnston 
Casparis  Stynu» 
lolui  Monger 
James  l^uekey 
Thomas  Wllliami 
Robert  Banker 


Thomas  Fear 
Frederick  Paint«t 
Mosas  KIsworth 
John  Marie 
Jonathan  Owens 
Andrew  McDowell 
Daniel  Colemaa 
Tot.  86. 


LIST  OP  OFFICERS 

CIVIL  AND  MILITARY   FOR   EICHMOMD  COUMTY. 


Judgei  of  the  Court  of  Common 

Plttti, 
Jolm  1m  Conte  JwJg« 
Cliristian  Corsen  Second  Judge 
Guzen  Adrlauz  Third  Judge 

Jutixces  of  the  Peace, 

•  Nicholas  Britten 

•  Riclmrd  StllweU 

•  Josepli  Bedell 

•  Jolin  Veglite 

•  Rem  Vander  Beek 

•  John  La  Tourrette 

•  Thomas  BIllopp 
Corneillius  Corsen 
Joshua  Mersereau 
Abraham  Cole 


Barent  Martllng 
Those  marked  thus  (•)  ore  of 
of  the  Quorum. 

Nicliolas  Lurzelcre  Shtriff 
John  Hlllyer  Coroner 
Daniel  Corsen  Clurke 

Military  Officers. 
Jacob  Corsen  Colonel 
Christian  Cursen  Lieut.  Col 
Thomas  BiUopp  Major 

Fyr  the  Korth  Division 
John  Veghte  Captain 
Frederick  Berge  Lienti 
Jacob  Corsen  Jn'  Ensign 


For  the  SUh  Divition. 
Corneillius  StouthotT  Cap* 
Jacob  Berge  Lieutenant 
Aris  Ryertse  Ensign 

For  the  West  Division. 
Nathaniel  Britten  Capt 
Mattlilas  Johnson  Lieut' 
Abraham  Maney  Ensign 

For  the  Troop. 
Peter  Perrin  Captain 
Gerrett  Crosse  Lieut 
Wynant  Wynants  Cornet 
Daniel  Wynants  Quarter  Master 


ANSWER  TO  FOUR  QUERIES 

BEFERr'u  by  RIS  honour    the   LIEUT.  OOVERNOUR  &   COUNCILL   OF  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW   YORK  TO  THE 

C0MHIS8I0NEB<I   OF   INDIAN  AFFAIRS. 

14.  The  Six  Nations  of  Indians  including  the  River  &  Schaachkook  Indians  are  about  1 500  fighting 
men  of  which  number  |  part  Incline  to  French  Interest.  Being  partly  overaw'd  by  fear,  The  French 
have  their  interpreter  continually  among  the  Sinnekes  who  has  a  great  Influence  over  them  &  tliey 
often  send  messengers  with  presents  to  the  Six  Nations. 

15.  The  Indians  living  near  about  Montreal  &  Quebeck  are  about  1000  fighting  men  besides  a 
Vast  number  of  other  Foreign  nations  amongst  whom  the  French  have  Sixteen  Fortifications  and 
Settlements : 

16.  The  French  Europeans  settled  on  the  River  S*.  Lawrence  in  Canada  consisting  of  the  three 


150 


STATS  or  THK  PSOTIKCE  OF  MEW  YOBK. 


Goverments  of  Quebeck,  Montreal  and  the  three  Rivers  are  about  Ten  thousand  Fighting  men 
Including  Thirty  Two  Companys  of  Regular  Forces. 

Spaniards  none.  , . 

17.  The  Metropolis  of  New  France  is  Quebeck  a  well  Fortified  Town  being  inclosed  in  a  very 
strong  wall  &  has  a  Strong  Fort  scituated  on  a  Rock,  being  tlie  sea  Port  on  the  North  side  of 
River  S*.  Lawrence  About  Sixty  Leagues  S'  West  thereof  is  Montreal  on  the  same  side  of  the 
River  which  is  regularry  fortify'd  &  Surrounded  with  a  strong  stone  wall,  having  Batteries  within 
&  a  Large  Trench  round  the  North,  East  &  West  Sides  thereof  &  to  the  South  is  tlie  River. 

About  Seven  Leagues  South  from  Montreal  is  a  village  called  Chambley  scituated  on  a  River 
running  put  of  Corlaers  Lake  which  is  by  the  French  called  Champlain,  &  emptys  it  self  into  the 
River  S'.  Lawrence  at  Sorcil  there  is  a  good  Strong  Stone  Fort  at  the  side  of  the  River  at  the  upper 
end  of  a  Bason. 

The  French  have  also  a  very  Strong  Fort  to  the  west  of  Crown  point,  at  the  side  &  South  east  end 
of  Corlaer's  Lake  beforementioned  called  by  the  French  La  pointe  au  la  Chevleures,  about  Seventy 
miles  to  tlie  Northward  of  our  farthest  Settlements,  built  in  tlie  year  1736,  for  a  retreat  when  the 
French  at  any  time  should  come  to  disturb  or  Annoy  our  Frontiers,  either  in  our  Province  or 
New  England.  Tliis  Fort  is  scituated  on  a  Rock  having  a  very  Strong  Cittadel  Arch'd  with 
Stone  three  Storys  high,  tlie  wall  thereof  is  about  Seven  feet  thick,  it  commands  the  Entrance  into 
the  Lake  beforementioned  from  the  Soutliward  &  has  tour  Regular  Bastions,  to  the  Southward  is  a 
Large  plain.  They  Likewise  by  that  means  Extend  their  Limitts,  having  encroached  upon  Land 
belonging  to  his  Majesty. 

Tliey  liave  also  a  Strong  Fort  at  Cadaruchque  at  the  North  East  End  of  the  Lake  Ontario 
which  emptys  it  self  in  tlie  River  S'.  Lawrence,  made  there  not  only  in  order  to  entice  the  Six 
Nations  of  Indians  to  their  Interest  &  to  have  an  awe  over  them,  but  also  for  a  retreat  to  the  French 
when  at  any  time  they  should  attack  or  Annoy  the  Six  Nations  &  likewise  to  prevent  the  said  Six 
Nations  from  going  to  Canada  in  time  of  War. 

They  have  also  a  strong  Fortification  at  Niagara  which  is  at  the  South  west  end  of  Cadaruchque 
Lake,  below  tlic  falls  of  that  name  about  three  Leagues,  where  there  is  a  Carrying  place,  it  borders 
near  (he  Six  Nations  which  in  a  great  Measure  commands  the  Indian  Trade  from  the  Westward  & 
overawe  the  Sinnekcs. 

They  have  severall  Settlements  &  Forts  as  above  observed  of  Less  note  among  the  Upper  Nations 
of  Indians  on  the  chief  passages  as  the  Indians  come  from  their  hunting  in  order  to  lutercep 
Forr  Trade  &  to  keep  an  awe  &  command  over  them. 

Albui74U>Febr7l737|8 


XI. 


REASONS 


IN  SUPPORT  OP 


TRIENNIAL    ELECTIONS 


IN  THE 


PROVINCE   OF  NEW  YORK: 


WITH   THE 


KING'S  VETO  ON  THE  TRIENNIAL  ACT. 


1738. 


•'.vc?«r..t^^isr- 


J  y 


*,*  Previous  to  the  year  1743  there  was  no  limit  prescribed  by  Statute  to  the  continuance  in  office  of  Members  of  Assembly 
in  the  Province  of  New  York.  It  was  held  to  belong  to  the  Koyal  Prerogative  to  dissolve  the  Legislature  and  to  order  a 
new  election.  The  consequence  was,  that  the  existence  of  the  Assembly,  generally  depended  on  its  subserviency  to  the  local 
Governor  and  a  new  appeal  to  the  People  was  made,  for  the  most  part,  only  when  the  popular  branch  quarrelled  with  the 
Executive.  Sometimes  only  a  few  months  intervened  between  general  elections;  sometimes  a  year,  but  usually  a  general 
election  came  about  biennially,  until  the  administration  of  Gov.  Uunter,  when  the  Assembly  elected  in  1716  continued  its 
fnnctions  until  1720 — a  period  of  ten  years  and  two  months.  The  elections  for  representatives  after  this  happened,  from  divers 
disturbing  causes,  to  be  annual  until  Gov.  Cosby's  administration,  when  the  Assemby  again  assumed  a  protracted  e.xistenco 
of  nine  years,  vizt:  from  1728  to  1737.  Tlie  leaders  in  the  popular  branch  seeing  this  tendency  to  abuse,  by  the  removal  of 
the  representatives  fi-om  all  responsibility  to  their  constituents,  determined  to  remedy  the  evil,  and  passed  a  bill  in  the  session 
of  1734,  declaring  that  no  Assembly  should  continue  more  than  Three  Years.  The  Council,  however,  did  not  act  upon  it, 
•nd  when  the  Legislature  again  met  in  October  of  the  same  year,  the  Assembly  sent  to  enquire  what  had  been  done  with  their 
Bill  of  the  spring.  It  was,  thereupon,  taken  up  and  amended  by  the  Council,  but  as  the  Assembly  rcAised  to  concur  in  these 
amendments,  it  was  lost,  for  the  Council  refused  to  recede  from  their  position.  The  Assembly,  now  (Nov.  28),  sent  an 
address  to  the  Governor  requesting  that  they  may  be  dissolved,  to  which  Cosby  replied,  that  as  it  was  a  part  of  the  prero- 
gative to  convene  and  dissolve  tliem  at  pleasure,  lie  was  determined  to  act  in  the  promises  as  be  thought  proper,  ond  not 
as  they  desired,  and  in  this  state  of  things  the  session  was  prorogued.  Shortly  after  the  meeting  of  the  Legislature  in  the 
following  year,  a  petition  was  presented  (Nov.  4,  1735)  to  the  House  from  the  citizens  of  New  York,  complaining  of  the 
long  continuance  of  the  same  set  of  representatives,  and  praying  a  dissolution.  This  petition  was  sent  to  Gov.  Cosby,  who 
again  refused  compliance,  and  he  died,  m  March,  1730,  "almost  universally  detested,"  says  Smith.  In  April,  1737,  the 
Triennial  Bill  was  again  introduced,  but  it  did  not  reach  a  third  reading,  as  the  House  was  dissolved,  to  the  great  gratiflcatlon 
of  the  people,  on  the  3d  May,  1737,  after  its  nine  years'  existence.  One  of  the  first  measures  introduced  in  the  new  House 
(June  16),  was  the  Bill  for  the  frequent  election  of  Representatives.  It  wos  soon  passed,  together  with  an  address  to  Lt.  Gov, 
Clarke  (to  be  found  at  length  on  the  Journals),  urging  on  him  by  strong  and  unanswerable  arguments,  the  necessity  of  such 
a  reform.  His  Honor  returned  a  favorable  answer,  and  in  compliance,  as  it  were,  with  his  disposition,  the  Council  concurred, 
and  the  Bill  received  the  Lieutenant  Governor's  sanction  on  the  16th  Dec.  1737.  Before  the  Assembly  adjourned,  they 
requested  Clarke  to  use  his  utmost  endeavors  to  obtain  his  Majesty's  assent  to  the  Bill.  It  was  sent  to  England  early  in  the 
following  year,  when  the  Lieutenant  Governor  strongly  recommended  it  to  the  favor  of  the  King's  Ministers.  Some  of  the 
arguments  in  favor  of  the  measure  and  U»  ultimate  fate,  are  recordad  in  the  following  Docamentt.    Eo. 


TRIENNIAL  ELECTIONS,  1738. 

Memorandum  of  some  Grounds  and  Reasons  to  hope  that  his  Majesty  will  be  graciously 
pleased  to  grant  his  Rojal  Assent  to  the  Act  for  iTrequent  Election  of  Represen- 
tatives lately  passed  in  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Colony  of  New  York. 

That  happy  Union  that  is  Establislied  between  tlie  King  and  his  People  under  the  British  Constitu- 
tion, has  so  closely  connected  tiieir  Mutual  Interests,  that  whatever  tends  to  the  advancement  of  the 
peace  and  prosperity  of  tlie  People,  it  may  be  Humbly  presumed  will  be  a  Good  reason  why  it 
should  meet  with  his  Majestyes  approbation  and  Encouragement,  btit  it  is  Conceived  that  the 
passing  that  Law,  will  tend  as  much  to  Advance  the  Interest  of  liis  Majestyes  Crown,  as  the  welfare 
of  His  people  If  it  be  Considered  that  tlie  Scituation  of  tliis  Colony  is  in  the  very  Heart  of  the  British 
Dominions  in  America,  that  it  Contains  a  passage  from  ttie  Ocean  almost  all  the  way  by  water,  to 
tlie  most  distant  Nations  of  Indians,  wliich  lye  Nortliward  of  the  Bay  of  Mexico.  It  is  near  to 
Canada  once  the  seat  of  a  dangerous  Enemy,  and  now  its  rival  in  the  ifur  trade,  which  is  of  so 
mucli  Importance  to  Great  Brittaiu  tliat  I'ts  in  the  neighborhood  of  a  People  Extremly  Jealous  of 
its  Interests,  and  ever  watchful!  to  seize  on  every  Advantage  for  the  Extension  of  their  settlements 
upon  the  Lands  undoubtedly  belonging  to  the  British  Crown  (witness  the  late  Settlements,  of  the 
ifrench  at  Crown  Point,  and  Niagara,  and  their  late  attemps  to  get  a  ifooting  in  the  Cinekes  Country). 
Tliat  a  fatal  blow  will  be  given  to  tliis  British  Interest  both  in  Euroi)e  and  America,  if  this  Country 
should  ever  fall  into  the  liatids  of  the  ffrench,  these  and  many  otlier  weighty  considerations,  makes 
the  welfare  &  prosperity  of  this  Colony,  of  the  last  Consequence  to  the  Crown  of  Great  Brittain,  it  is 
generally  Acknowledged,  that  not  one  Plantation  in  America  has  greater  Advantages  than  this,  with 
respect  to  the  fertility  of  its  Soil,  liealtlifullness  of  its  air  and  Commodiousness  of  its  Scituation  for 
an  Inland  and  foreign  Trade  and  Navigation.  Yet  under  these  many  Natural  advantages,  it  is  a  sad 
truth  universally  attested,  Tliat  it  has  been  for  many  years  visibly  Declining  in  its  Husbandry, 
Navigation,  Trade,  Ship  Building  and  other  Manufactures,  Advantagions  to  Great  Brittain.  It  has 
been  deserted  by  great  numbers  of  its  Sea  men  and  other  Inhabitants,  who  have  been  obliged  to  Seek 
tlieir  Bread  in  tlie  neiglibouring  Colonies,  while  the  Lands  in  the  Country  and  the  Houses  in  tlie 
City,  liave  been  seen  to  sink  to  near  lialf  their  iforiner  Value,  and  its  Navigation  Almost  wholy  fallen 
into  the  hands  of  Strangers,  and  at  the  same  time,  universal  Discontent  ready  to  break  out  into 
publick  Tumult  and  Disorder,  and  Extream  poverty,  liave  overspread  the  Country  and  threatened 
its  utter  ruin. 

This  is,  or  very  lately  was,  the  Miserable  Estate  of  thi'^  Colony,  which  rendered  the  Disolution  of 
the  last  Assembly  Necessary  botli  for  his  Majesty's  Honuiir  and  the  Interest  of  the  Country.  And 
tSie  present  Assembly  when  chosen,  being  of  Opinion  tiiat  the  present  and  past  Miseries  of  this 
Country,  were  greatly  owing  to  tlie  want  of  the  frequent  election  of  Asseniblys,  they  past  the  Law 
in  Question,  presuming  that  upon  the  weighty  Reasons  upon  which  it  is  founded,  it  would  not  fail 
of  the  Royal  Assent.  Tlie  Assembly  observed,  that  the  Great  Declension  of  this  Country  in  all  its 
valuable  Interests,  had  hapened  during  tlie  Continuance  of  the  Two  last  long  Assemblies,  while  at 
the  same  time  no  visible  Cause  could  be  assigned  for  it  but  what  it  was  in  the  power  of  a  {free  and 
ffi-equeut  Itepreseutatiou  of  the  People  to  |)reveat,  Especially  Mih^u  at  the  same  time,  the  iieiglibourx 


''     l\ 


160 


TKIENNIAL  ELECTIONS   IN  THE  rROTINCE  OF   HEW   YOKK. 


t 


iug  Colonies  of  the  Masachusets  Bay  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island  on  the  one  hand,  and  Pensilvania 
on  the  other,  were  Increasing  in  People,  flourishing  in  Trade,  and  abounding  with  Wealtli  and  Con- 
tentment. 

Tiie  Assembly  Observed  that  those  Colonies  have  the  Annual  Clioicc  of  their  Representatives,  by 
which  General  Grievances  are  eitlier  happily  Prevented,  or  always  Speedily  redressed  while  by  Ex- 
perience they  liiive  found,  that  the  long  Continuance  of  Assemblies  in  this  Colony,  had  an  unhappy 
Tendency  to  Introduce  Grievances,  and  Establish  them  as  an  Insupportable  Burthen  upon  the  People. 
They  observed  that  the  long  Continuance  of  power  in  tlie  same  liands,  had  always  grown  up  into 
an  oppressive  Domination  of  a  few  men,  which  they  found  to  have  been  the  fruitfull  Parent  of  all 
tliose  Evils,  under  which  this  Country  had  Visibly  Declined  ;  and  which  liad  in  some  late  Instances 
Proved  Exceeding  Dangerous  to  the  Peace  of  His  Majesty's  Government  within  this  Colony. 

These  are  the  Reasons  that  Induced  the  Assembly  witli  great  Zeal  and  Unanimity  to  propose  and 
pass  that  Law,  as  a  most  necessary  Expedient,  to  retrieve  t!ie  Peace  and  Promote  the  prosperity 
of  this  Miserable  and  Distressed  Colony. 

The  Just  representation  of  this  matter  to  His  Majisty,  Ifs  believed  cannot  fail  of  procuring 
his  assent  to  this  Law,  which  his  People  here  hare  so  much  at  heart.  Tis  not  doubted  but  His 
Mfyisty  will  think  it  necessary  for  His  Honor,  that  His  Subjects  liere,  should  live  as  easy  and  as 
happy  under  His  immediate  Government  as  His  Subjects  ai-e  in  'he  Neighbouring  Colonies,  under 
the  Charters  Granted  by  His  Royal  Predecessors.  Tis  verily  believetl,  that  nothing  can  have  a 
more  happy  Tendency  to  Accomplish  this,  tlian  the  passing  this  law. 

Tis  Evident,  that  tlie  Liberty  Ease  and  Safety  of  the  People  in  tlie  Neighbouring  Colonies,  who 
Ei^oy  the  Priviledge  of  Clioosing  their  Assemblies  yearly,  is  Attended  with  the  most  happy 
Consequences;  this  causes  them  to  multiply  Exceedingly,  by  their  Natural  Growth,  and  vast  Addi- 
tions from  Protestant  Countrys  abroad.  Whereas  this  Colony  is  but  thinly  Peopled,  and  more  persons 
have  Deserted  it  than  have  come  to  it  for  several  years  past.  Those  Colonies  have  been  Nourishing 
in  Trade,  and  Extending  it  abundantly  while  it  has  been  miserably  declining  among  us.  Twill 
hardly  be  believed  in  England  that  those  Goverments,  have  so  mucli  the  Advantage  of  us,  in  the 
Value  of  their  Lands,  as  they  have,  It  being  a  truth  Capable  of  tlie  fullest  proof,  tliut  the  Lands 
in  Connecticut,  will  sell  for  three  times  tlie  price  of  the  Lands  in  New  York,  tho  the  Lands  are 
Contiguous,  and  there  is  no  Dilference  in  the  Soil,  but  what  proceeds  meerly  from  the  Partition  line 
that  Divides  it.  This  Country  has  an  Advantage  for  Ship  Building,  raising  of  Hemp,  making, 
of  Iron  and  other  Naval  Stores,  beyond  any  of  the  Plantations  in  America.  Yet  it  is  evident, 
that  under  the  Ease  and  Safety  of  the  Charter  Goverments,  Secured  Chiefly  by  their  Annual 
Assembles  Tliese  Colonies  have  flourished  to  a  great  Degree  in  those  usel'ull  Manufactures,  so 
Advantagious  to  the  Trade  and  Safety  of  Great  Britain,  wliile  this  Colony  has  been  under  such 
Discouragements,  as  to  have  done  little  or  nothing  in  these  MaiuiCactures,  i>ut  has  seen  the  Iron  Ore 
carried  from  hence,  to  be  worked  up  at  about  200  miles  Distance  in  New  England,  tho  with  Respect 
to  Wwd  and  Water,  this  Country  lias  as  good  or  better  Convoniejices  than  that  the  vast  Number 
of  People  Inhabiting  tlie  New  England  Colonies,  the  sudden  and  prmligious  growth  of  Pensilvania, 
with  their  Annual  Assemblies  while  tiie  fiuist  Colony  lying  between  them,  under  the  Kings  Imme- 
diate Goverment,  that  has  been  as  long  Settled  ae  eitlier  of  tliem,  is  Empty  of  People  poor  and 
Starving,  is  generally  believed  to  be  chiefly  owing  to  those  Mischiefs,  which  have  arose  from  tlie 
want  of  a  frequent  Election  of  Assemblies,  and  the  passing  of  this  Law,  will  Doubtless  Tend  to 
tlie  Multiplying  of  oiu:  People,  the  Extension  of  our  ffrontiers,  the  promoting  of  the  fur  Trade, 
and  making  this  Colony  a  strong  Barrier  against  the  fl'rench,  and  Consequently  the  Bulwark  and 
Safety  of  British  luterests  iu  America.    It  will  make  this  Colony  of  more  Service  to  Great  Britain, 


TmiENMIAL   ELBCTIUNS   IM   THE   PROVIMCS  OF   NEW   TOBK. 


161 


by  a  larger  Consumption  of  its  Commodities,  by  raising  of  Hemp  and  making  of  Iron,  and  other 
Naval  Stores.  It  will  raise  a  spirit  of  Industry  among  the  People,  and  Extend  our  Trade,  restore 
our  Seamen  and  Navigation,  and  remove  that  Discontent,  which  has  always  Increased  in  proportion 
to  the  Age  of  Past  Assemblies.  It  will  raise  the  Honour  of  His  Miijestys  immediate  Government, 
as  it  will  greatly  advance  the  happiness  of  His  people,  that  live  under  it,  and  will  make  the  Neigh- 
boring Colonies  to  set  a  less  value  upon  their  Charters.  It  is  a  Privilege  Enjoyed  by  the  Provinces 
of  New  Hampshire  and  South  Cai-olina  Barbadoes  Antigua  and  the  Leward  Islands  under  His 
Majestyes  Immediate  Government  to  have  an  Annual  Election  of  Assemblies,  and  North  Carolina 
Enjoys  a  Biennial  Assembly,  and  it  may  be  hoped  that  his  Majesty  will  not  deny  to  his  Loyal  Subjects 
in  New  York,  what  not  only  their  welfare  and  prosperity,  but  also  the  peace  and  Honour  of  His 
Goverment,  the  Interests  of  His  Crown,  and  the  Trade  of  Great  Britain,  and  the  Safety  of  the 
Neighbouring  Colonies  seems  to  render  absolutely  necessary, 


Memorandum  of  Some  of  the  Reasons  that  may  be  ollered  for  obtaining  his 
Majesties  Royall  Assent  to  the  Act  for  frequent  Election  of  Represen- 
tatives. 
First,  For  that  its  the  Universal  Opinion  of  the  Inhabitants  of  this  Colony  that  the  Long  Con- 
tinuance of  Assemblys  has  been  one  of  the  greatest  Causes  of  the  present  Declining  State  of  this 
Colony,  which  is  such  that  while  our  Neighbours  of  Pensilvania  on  tlie  one  hand  and  of  Connecticut, 
Rhode  Island  and  Massachusets  Bay  and  New  Hampshire  on  the  other  Hand  Do  yearly  greatly 
Encrease  in  numbers  of  People  and  the  value  of  their  Lands  rise  and  their  Trade  flourishes.  Yet 
this  Colony  which  has  much  greater  Natural  advantages  than  any  of  them  has  for  several  years  past 
decreased  in  numbers  of  People,  Rents  in  the  City  of  New  York  have  generally  fallen  near  one 
half,  and  the  Lands  of  this  Colony  about  one  third  part  of  the  value  which  tliey  have  heretofore 
been  at,  Our  seamen  and  Ship  Carpenters  have  almost  wholly  deserted  us,  and  our  Navigation  is 
almost  got  into  the  Hands  of  Strangers  to  this  Colony.  Long  Assemblys  are  supposed  to  be  one 
of  the  greatest  Causes  of  this  Bad  State,  by  their  not  finding  Remedies  to  prevent  or  put  a  stop  to 
this  declining  State,  by  their  Suffering  the  People  long  to  Labour  under  Grievances,  without  obtaining 
or  Endeavouring  to  obtain  relief  against  them.  In  some  Counties  even  their  very  Representatives 
have  become  themselves  their  greatest  Grievance  For  while  they  have  Suffered  and  Abetted  a 
Govemour  in  Tyrannizing  over  all  they  have  become  Deputy  Tyrants  in  their  Counties.  They 
have  often  got  into  their  Hands  the  Sole  Recommendation  of  all  Judges,  Justices,  Officers  of  the 
Militia,  and  other  Officers  in  their  Counties,  those  so  recommended  by  them  they  Supported  in 
those  Offices  tho'  often  unworthy  of  them,  The  hopes  of  being  supported  encouraged  those  officers 
to  Despise  and  Oppress  the  People  And  thus  a  Gradation  of  Tyrants  has  been  often  Establislied 
and  Supported  and  the  People  left  Destitute  of  Relief  against  their  Daily  Insults  and  Injuries — Which 
with  many  other  things  too  many  to  repeat  with  too  mu6h  reason  has  induced  many  of  the  Inhab- 
itants to  think  they  had  no  Liberty  at  all  nor  property  certain  in  tliis  Colony,  and  that  they  had 
better  to  remove  to  the  neighbouring  Colonies  of  Either  Side  where  such  Tyrannizing  was  fully 
prevented  by  a  yearly  Election  of  Representatives  and  where  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the 
People  are  well  preserved — And  its  universally  believed  that  a  frequent  Election  of  Representatives 
would  have  the  like  efifect  here,  And  that  the  Short  duration  of  Assemblys  will  not  only  prevent  tlie 
Representatives  themselves  from  Domineering  in  their  Counties  by  Laying  them  under  a  necessity 
to  preserve  the  Affections  of  the  People  in  order  to  preserve  their  power  But  will  also  give  the 
People  an  Opportunity  from  time  to  time  to  Chuse  such  men  as  are  Sensible  of  what  Grievances 


Vol. 


IV, 


21 


102 


TBIBNNIAL   BLEOTKMW   IM  THE  PROVIHOE  OF   MBW    TOU. 


they  Labour  under  and  as  are  Capable  to  obtain  a  Redress  of  them,  and  of  what  has  Rendered  or  is 
liJce  to  render  the  Liberties  and  properties  of  the  People  precarious. 

Secondly — The  great  Natural  advantages  which  this  Colony  has  beyond  the  neighbouring  Colonies 
by  its  Furr  Trade,  Excellent  Harbours,  their  nearness  to  the  Sea,  its  Inland  Navigation  to  &  through 
every  one  of  the  Counties  of  this  Colony  and  to  and  amongst  the  Indian  Nations  as  far  as  the  Banks 
of  St  Lawrence  River  and  its  Lakes  and  the  fertile  soil  of  this  Colony,  with  the  hopes  that  tliis  Law 
often  by  the  people  and  Assemblies  in  vain  endeavoured  for  might  at  last  be  obtained,  Tho'  tliey 
have  not  l>een  able  to  liinder  this  Colony  from  greatly  Declining  while  its  Neighbours  with  much  less 
Natural  Advantages  are  growing  and  flourishing  Yet  they  have  hitherto  in  great  measure  liindered  its 
being  intirely  deserted  But  should  his  Majestic  deny  his  Royal  Assent  to  this  Law  its  to  be  feared 
Tliat  great  numbers  of  the  Inhabitants  would  tbrthwith  provide  to  remove  to  the  Neighbouring 
Colonies  where  tliey  believe  they  are  more  Sure  of  protection  for  their  Lil>erties  and  Properties 
This  Colony  which  is  the  Barrier  against  the  French  for  the  other  Colonies  may  thereby  in  time 
be  Deserted,  The  French  our  Rivals  in  tlie  ffur  Trade  will  then  get  it  intirely  from  us  into  their 
Hands  Great  Britain  will  thereby  lose  the  Exportation  of  Great  Quantities  of  Strouds,  Blankets  and 
other  Woollen  Goods  which  the  Indians  now  take  in  Exchange  for  their  flurs,  and  ffrance  will 
acquire  the  furnishing  of  them  with  the  Same,  And  also  the  manufacturing  of  the  Ifur  and  Skins 
got  from  the  Indians  in  Exchange,  and  possibly  this  Colony  may  at  last  become  possessed  by  the 
French  as  a  Derelict  (as  parts  of  it  on  the  Banks  of  S'  Lawrence  and  its  Lakes  already  [are]  Crown 
point  and  Neagara  are  Examples  of  this)  and  the  other  Colonies  will  by  this  means  be  exposed  to 
their  Insults  &  Even  to  be  Conquered  by  them  And  imless  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the 
People  of  this  Colony  are  Secured  by  this  Law  its  Conceived  not  only  impossible  for  it  to  grow  as 
Other  the  neighlx)uring  Colonies  but  even  to  hinder  the  Inhabitants  from  greatly  deserting  it. 

Thirdly — The  neighbouring  Colonies  of  Pensilvania  on  the  one  hand  and  of  Connecticut,  Rhode 
Island  Massachusets  Bay  &  New  Hampsliire  on  the  other  hand  have  tlie  Priviledge  of  Annual 
Assemblies  secured  to  them.  By  means  of  wliich  any  Grievance  that  Affects  the  People  is  their 
quickly  removed  Their  Liberties  and  properties  are  by  reasonable  Laws  protected  and  Eiyoyetl  This 
Encoiu-ages  their  people  to  Industry  and  to  the  Extending  their  Trade  This  invites  not  only  the 
people  of  this  Colony  to  them  but  also  great  numbers  from  all  Protestant  Countries  in  Europe 
Wliereas  in  this  Colony  tor  want  of  a  speedy  redress  of  Grievances  and  the  Security  of  the 
Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People  foreigners  are  discouraged  to  Come  and  Settle  with  us,  and 
Discontents  Do  Sometimes  arise  amongst  us  to  a  very  great  Heightli,  Insomuch  that  Insurrections 
have  been  often  not  without  reason  feared  The  precariousness  of  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the 
People  Curbs  their  Industry  This  Colony  abounds  with  Iron  Oar  and  with  streams  of  Water  and 
timl>er  fitt  for  melting  it  and  bringing  it  into  Barrs,  which  are  intirely  neglected  while  our  neigh- 
hours  with  less  Convenience  have  got  to  a  great  heighth  in  that  manufacture  This  Colony  has 
plenty  of  Lands  fitt  for  Hemp  which  lies  neglected  while  our  neighbours  have  much  improved  in  it 
That  precariousness  Cramps  the  minds  of  the  People  from  thinking  to  Launch  out  into  trade 
which  has  given  other  Colonies  the  opportunity  to  become  almost  our  Sole  Carriers,  and  should  we 
Decrease  in  our  Shipping  as  for  some  }ears  past,  they  will  soon  be  entirely  so — 

Fourthly, — If  his  Majestic  will  be  graciously  pleased  to  give  his  Assent  to  this  Act  its  hoped  and 
believed,  tiiat  by  means  of  it  no  great  Grievance  will  remain  long  unredressed.  That  reasonable  Laws 
will  from  time  to  time  he  made  to  secure  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People.  This  will 
its  hoped,  soon  invite  fiack  our  people  that  have  deserted  us — Tliis  will  induce  our  neighbors  to  beUeve 
they  can  be  as  safe  in  their  Lil>erties  and  properties  and  that  they  can  live  as  happily  unf^-r  his 
Majesties  immediate  Government  as  under  any  of  their  Charter  Governments,  And  when  :'i<'y  are 


TBtmnilAI.    ELBCTIOKS    Hf   TH*   PROVtNCB  OF    NEW    YOKK. 


IfH) 


SO  Convinced  Its  not  Doubted  but  that  the  Natural  Advantages  which  this  has  Beyond  those  Colo- 
nics will  soon  invite  many  of  them  to  settle  here  and  Encourage  otlier  Foreign  Protestants  to  follow 
their  example,  By  which  our  Indian  Trade  and  the  Settlement  of  this  Colony  may  soon  be  greatly 
extended;  Its  probable  the  want  of  bringing  this  Colony  into  those  Circumstances  that  has  obstructed 
its  being  settled  quite  to  and  along  the  Banks  of  S'  Lawrence  &  its  Lakes,  and  which  has  given 
the  Opportunity  to  the  French  to  make  Sundry  Settlements  there  which  this  Colony  might  have 
done,  so  that  this  Colony  has  but  one  single  Settlement  upon  the  Lakes  of  S»  Lawrence,  to  witt, 
Oswego  &  no  Settlement  within  one  hundred  &  fifty  miles  tiiereof  to  support  it. 

But  its  hoped  that  this  may  still  be  in  great  measure  retrieved  if  this  Colony  be  brought  into  the 
Circumstances  aforesaid  For  this  Colony  by  its  safe  and  short  navigation  to  Brittain  and  its  safe, 
short  and  speedy  Inland  Navigation  to  the  Indian  Nations  and  Lakes  of  S'  Lawrence  may  be  Ena- 
bled far  to  undersel  the  French  amongst  the  Indians,  and  thereby  Can  in  time  cut  them  out  of  all 
that  Trade,  which  now  they  will  probably  cut  us  out  of,  if  this  act  sliould  be  Damned. 

Fifthly — Should  it  be  objected  by  Enemies  to  the  being  of  this  Colony,  That  tho'  our  Neigh- 
boring Colonies  of  both  Sides  have  Annual  Elections,  yet  they  are  Charter  Governments  and  why 
should  th<?  Kings  Government  follow  their  Example.  Answer,  Its  Derogatory  to  liis  Majisties 
goodness  and  Honour  to  suppose  that  he  would  Deny  any  thing  to  the  Colonies  under  his  immediate 
Government  that  will  tend  to  their  well  being  and  prosperity  wliicli  this  Act  plainly  will,  and 
Does  in  those  Colonies  which  Enjoy  the  Benefit  of  it.  On  the  Contrary  it  would  Greatly  tend  to 
his  Majesties  Honour  and  Interest  that  the  Colonies  under  his  Immediate  Government  had  their 
Liberties  and  Properties  Even  better  Secured  by  Good  Laws  than  in  those  Charter  Governments. 
The  Certain  Consequence  whereof  would  be  That  such  Colonies  under  his  Majisties  immediate 
Government  would  flourish  more  than  the  Charter  Colonies  now  do.  Tiiat  would  tend  to  make 
those  Colonies  indilTerent  as  to  their  Charters  and  in  time  to  give  them  up  and  to  Chuse  liis 
Majesties  immediate  Government  in  the  place  thereof.  Whereas  while  this  Colony  remains  in  its 
past  uncertain  State  as  to  the  Liberties  and  Properties  of  the  People,  Those  neighboring  Colonies 
get  our  people  from  us,  and  are  taught  by  our  Sufferings  highly  to  value  their  Charters  and  to  pity 
our  Misfortunes. 

Sixthly — Its  not  Charter  Governments  only  that  have  the  priviledge  of  frequent  Election  of 
Representatives  for  their  General  Assembly, — ^For  we  are  well  assured  tliat  South  Carolina  and  North 
Carolina  have  likewise  that  priviledge  the  first  an  Annual  Election  and  the  last  a  biennial.  But  as 
to  them  it  may  be  said,  they  had  those  Priviledges  while  they  were  Charter  Governments,  But  as  to 
that  we  are  informed  that  Barbadoes-Antigua  &  the  other  Leward  Islands  never  were  Charter  Gov- 
ernments and  yet  they  have  the  Priviledge  of  an  Annual  Election  Whether  any  and  which  of  the 
other  Colonies  have  such  priviledges  we  are  unacquainted.  But  whither  they  have  or  not  we  Con- 
ceive is  very  Little  to  the  Question,  which  we  think  is. 

Whether  as  this  Colony  is  Scituated  betwixt  Colonies  on  both  Sides  which  have  it.  And  as  this 
Colony  has  greatly  Suffered  and  now  suffers  thro'  the  want  of  it,  It  be  possible  for  this  Colony  to 
preserve  its  inhabitants  and  to  prosper,  and  to  keep  on  a  footing  with  the  neighbouring  Colonies 
without  that  priviledge  which  they  enjoy  so  much  tending  to  their  happyness,  advantage  and 
prosperity. 

And  whether  the  Declining  State  of  this  Colony  thro'  the  want  of  that  Law  does  not  tend  to  the 
Loss  of  the  Indian  Trade,  to  the  Dispeopling  of  this  Colony,  to  the  Possessing  of  it  by  the  French, 
and  to  the  Loss  of  all  the  other  Colonies  in  Consequence  of  it. 


II 


164 


TRIUrHIAL  ELEOTIOm   IN  THt  PKOyiNCC  Or  MEW  TOIK. 


REPRESENTATION  TO  THE  KINO. 
To  the  kings  most  Excellent  Mi^esty 


Aug*  10»  1738. 


May  it  please  your  Majesty 

We  have  had  under  our  consideration  an  act  passed  in  your  Majestys  Province  of  New  York  in 
December  1737  intitled  «  An  Act  for  the  frequent  elections  of  Representatives  to  serve  in  Gen> 
Assembly  and  for  the  frequent  calling  and  meeting  of  the  General  Assembly  so  Elected." 

We  liave  likewise  had  tlie  opinion  ot  M*^  Fane  one  of  your  Majesty's  Council  at  Law,  and  are 
of  opinion  with  him  that  it  is  an  Infringment  of  Your  Majesty's  Prerogative  by  taking  away  the 
undoubted  Right  which  the  Crown  has  always  exercised  by  calling  and  continuing  the  assembly  of 
this  Colony  at  sucli  times  and  as  long  as  it  was  thought  necessary  for  the  publick  service,  and  as  no 
reason  lias  appeared  to  us  to  require  such  an  Innovation,  we  humbly  lay  the  same  before  Your  Mi^esty 
for  your  Royal  Disapprobation, 

Which  is  most  humbly  submitted  R.  Plumek 

..     "  .         ,  M.  Bladen 

MONSON 

Whitehall  )  Ja.  Brvdenell. 

August  lO'ii  1738  S 


VETO  OF  THE  TRIENNIAL  ACT. 

[Council  Min.  XYII.] 

At  the  Court  of  St.  James's  the  30^  Nov'  1738. 
Present 
The  Kings  most  Excellent  Majesty. 
Arch  Bishop  of  Canterbury  Earl  of  Abercome. 

Lord  Chancellor.  Earl  of  Selkirk 

Lord  President.  Lord  Harvey. 

Duke  of  Montagu.  Lord  Harrington 

Earl  of  Pembrooke.  M'  Speaker 

Earl  of  Graintham.  S'  Paul  Methuen. 

Earl  of  Cholmondley  Horatio  Walpole  Esq"". 

Whereas  by  Commission  under  the  Great  Seal  of  Great  Britain,  the  Govemour  Council  ana 
Assembly  of  His  Majesty's  Province  of  New- York,  are  Authorized  and  Impowered  to  make.  Consti- 
tute and  Ordain  Laws,  Statutes  and  Ordinances,  for  the  Publick  Peace,  Welfare  and  Good  Gov- 
ernment of  the  said  Province ;  which  Laws,  Statutes  and  Ordinances  are  to  be,  as  near  as  con- 
veniently may  be,  agreeable  to  the  Laws  and  Statutes  of  this  Kingdom,  and  to  he  transmitted  for  His 
Majesty's  Royal  Approbation  or  Disallowance  ;  And  Whereas  in  Pursuance  of  the  said  Powers,  An 
Act  was  past  in  the  said  Province  in  Deer.  1737.    Entitled 

"  An  Act  for  the  frequent  Election  of  Representatives  to  serve  in  General 
"  Assembly  and  for  the  frequent  calling  and  meeting  of  the  General 
"  Assembly  so  Elected." 
Which  act  together  with  a  Representation  from  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plan- 


TklEHMIAL  ELICTI0M8   IN   THC  PROTIMCK  OF   NEW-YOKK. 


165 


tationi  proposing  the  Repeal  thereof,  having  been  referred  to  the  Consideration  of  a  Committee  of  the 
Lords  of  His  Majesty's  most  Hon>>>*  Privy  Council  for  PL  tion  AtTairs,  The  said  Lords  of  the 
Committee  did  this  day  Report  to  His  M^esty  as  their  opinion,  that  the  said  Act  ought  to  be 
repealed  : — His  Majesty  taking  the  same  into  his  Royal  Consideration,  was  pleased,  with  the  advice 
of  his  Privy  Council,  to  Declare  his  Disallowance  of  the  said  Act,  and  pursuant  to  His  Majesty's 
Royal  Pleasure  thereupon  Exprest,  the  said  act  is  hereby  repealed,  Declared  void,  and  of  none 
effect :  Whereof  the  (Jovernor  or  Commander  in  Chief  of  His  Majesty's  Province  of  New  Yorlc  for 
the  time  being,  and  all  others  whom  it  may  concern,  are  to  talce  Notice  and  Govern  themselves 
accordingly.  Ja  :  Yebmon. 


Van.— A  Law,  commonly  called  the  Septemilal  act,  was  paaaed  in  1748,  by  which  the  oo^tinnance  of  the  ProTincial 
Aiwmbly  waa  limited  to  leven  yean.    This  Act  remained  in  force  down  to  the  ReTolation— Ev 


r:ii*»-«. 


xn. 


JOURNALS 


OF 


Sir    WM.    JOHNSON' 


S    SCOUTS 


1755,  1756. 


■JJ-  I   "I 


^:>.^^  ^ 


*//    **ooo  F4ii«ilil*li, /^v//  j;/<y  M«»liawkH. 


\\\ 


^--^  z:-^ 


^  -~Y 


/f/tf, 


'/rt  //< 


f/r  fr>/u//tft/n 


^n/^(ff: x\JoHX.%'ox  ^'tjooYx^\\K\\Sf'\\\AvA\\^t4fn/rr/Ae  fo/zir/fat/f/ty  f'f:A\''J)iK.Vh\lc t//  tr/nc/i  //fc  r,i|ii|iri|  „.^,. 


^^r^^T^ovr 


FlK.tT  ETreA^OKMi-.KT- 


.i     ^?.-.- 


^Ubanv 


Limn!ii'f>'i'<'  Mammr. 
(jTMtirhii  Hi'l^iiuims 


liltiiiii*. 


jriptl'ijulxvt 


y.Hleit 


l.ittuit 


*T'..r    Xuf/iir  l.intv 

7^\ — 

TappitH    Irrt  /J      s. 
r,7r&t/.  /mn'/X    ) 

/     I  .S«alr  of     Milri 

i  /  '•mhr  lii'^lh  ntihr  ^ 


♦°    \"»..rk 


'A»  •!«/»</    ^/t»1^^t/ rMtn 


f't//ttft/ f'foni   <tn    EHjfranrhg  in /Af  .*' y  Stntr  l.itrary. 


^>/,//,,»n/.t,r>rf/iny/n  //•■/  .■/'  /Ar/irfrif-ii/  '/^riit, 


•ft///U/ 


^t////ffftf  /4r  ft',i/  /f  r/ff//f/ . 


r,//,yA, //,/yVy„/„„.,.v,/./i.^,„„,y  /^,    ?  "'yjrja- 


l.illi.o/  Hirh'*  flfft'tf.  .ilbmtijiit  IS  Si. 


■'//'/If";'f<  •""■/' 


' 


I 


A  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  SCOUT 

OF    THREE    MEN    SENT    FKOM    LAKE    GEORGE  TO    RF.C0NOITRE    FORT    FREDERICK,  OR  CROWN    POINT   FORT, 

THE   NEW    WORKS,  AND  ARMY  THERE. 

Set  forward  in  a  Buttoe  fi-om  the  Encampment,  the  14ti>  Sept — at  about  25  miles  distance  down 
the  Lake,  landed  about  day  light,  took  tlie  Battoe  out  &  hid  it,  left  two  Men  of  Connecticut  Foi-ces 
tliere  to  watch  the  litittoe,  &  Provisions  till  our  return — Saw,  that  morning.  Sundry  Indian  Canoes 
passing  in  the  Lower  part  of  tlte  Lake.    Went  forward  towards  Crown  Point. 

Tlie  17'i>  day,  at  evening  discovered  the  wheat  fields,  &  four  houses,  al)out  2  miles  Soutlierly  froi^ 
Crown  Point  Fort.  In  tlie  night  went  to  the  Inti-enchment,  made  from  the  Fort,  Encompa.ssing  i^ 
little  Hill,  the  Trenches  not  finished,  but  readies  about  thirty  rods  from  the  Fort.  Which  lutrench- 
ment  begins  at  the  Southwest  Corner  of  the  Fort,  &  Trends  Soutliwesterly,  about  two  rods  wide 
at  tlie  Fort,  &  widens  to  about  15,  at  the  otlier  End — went  into  the  Trench,  &  spent  the  night,  for 
discovery  in  &  alxiut  tliere  till  morning,  &  then  retired  to  a  Mountain,  about  a  Mile  West  from  the 
Fort,  wliere  there  was  a  Clear  view  of  all  the  Fort  and  appurtenances — and  saw  an  addition  to  the 
Fort,  from  the  Northwest  Corner,  about  25  rods,  which  readied  to  the  Water  side.  Inclosing  some 
Buildings — many  Tents  set  up  in  it. 

A  Windmill  about  Sixty  rods  South  of  the  Fort,  in  which  Space  many  Tents  were  up — ^liad  a 
Clear  discovery  of  tlie  Fort,  &  appurtenances.  Tlie  Soldiery  were  Mustered,  &  Exercised — the 
whole  of  French,  &  Indians  we  Judged  were  near  upon  Five  or  Six  hundred. 

Tlieir  People,  some  few  were  at  work  at  the  Intrenchmen'*  seemed  unconcerned — hunting 
Pidgeons  &c.  all  round  in  the  Wood.  Some  of  which  came  within  about  fifteen  rods  of  the  Scout — 
We  came  off  tlie  Hill  at  night. 

lO"".  Set  homeward,  travelled  to  the  Lake,  about  Six  Miles  from  Tionduroque. 

20ti>.  Set  up  the  Lake,  to  whei-e  we  left  the  Battoe,  found  that,  &  the  two  Men  (we  left)  were  gone, 
and  we  set  homeward.    The  23<'  late  at  night  arrived  at  the  great  Camp. 

The  land  is  Rough,  and  Mountainous  from  the  Lower  end  of  tiie  Lake,  to  Crown  Point.  The 
distance  about  20  miles.  And  we  apprehend  impracticable  to  git  a  leasable  Road  there — Which  is 
the  General  Account  of  the  discovereys  we  have  made.    And  is  humbly  submitted  by 

Your  Honours  Most  Dutifull,  and 

Obedient  Servant 

Robert  Rodgers. 
24"'  Sep'  1755. 

To  the  Honbie  Joseph  Blanchard  Esq.  CoI°  of  the  New  Hampshire  Regim^  In  the  Expedition  against 
Crown  Point. 
May  it  please  your  Honour 

The  foregoing  is  a  Report  of  Cap'  Robert  Rodgers,  under  your  direction,  sent  with  a  party  to 
Crown  Point,  to  Reconoitre  that  Post.    Which  is  humbly  offered  by  Your 

Most  humble  Servant 
Lake  George  24*>>  Sept'  1755.  Joseph  BtANcaiARn. 

To  the  HoB^>*  General  Johnson.  .     •  •. 

Vol.  IV.  fti 


I 

ife 


170 


JOUKNALS  or  SIB  WM.   JOHNSON'S   SCOUTS. 


A  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  SCOUT 

OF    FIVE    MEN    SENT    FROM    THE    ENCAMPMENT    AT    LAKE  GEORGE  TO  RECONOITRE  THE    ENCAMPMENT  OF  THE 

FRENCH   AND  INDIANS    AT  TOUONDUROQVE. 

Sept  27t1i.  p.  M.  Set  forward,  in  a  Birch  Canoe.  Past  that  night  Sundry  Indian  Fires  (tlieir 
Spyes)  by  the  sides  of  the  Lake.  Put  ashore  about  7  miles  from  the  Carrying  place,  left  three  with 
tlie  Canoe — two  went  forward. 

Early  on  the  28"*  about  ten  in  the  morning  came  in  view  of  an  Encampment  at  the  lower  end 
of  tlie  Lake,  at  the  Carrying  place,  of  about  one  thousand  French  and  Indians — We  Crawled  thro' 
their  Guards  to  within  about  thirty  or  forty  rods  of  the  Encampment. 

There  was  no  Fort  nor  Artillery  there.  We  retired  &  went  about  one  Mile  &  a  half  furtlier,  & 
discovered  their  Grand  Encampment — Crept  thro'  their  Guards  to  within  about  Sixty  rods,  found  a 
Fort  building  tliere — discover'd  a  Number  of  Cannon  Mounted — we  had  a  Convenient  Situation  for 
a  View,  which  we  kept  till  toward  night  &  by  tlie  appearance  of  the  Tents  &  Troops,  French 
&  Indians  we  Judged  likely  to  be  atraut  three  thousand. 

Their  Situation  Comands  the  passage  at  tlie  Carrying  place,  &  (we  tho't)  the  passage  down 
Champlain  from  Wood  Creek  to  Crown  Point. 

Next  day,  the  29"",  returned  to  our  Canoes  &  found  a  large  Indian  Canoe  had  passed  up  the 
Lake  witli  one  Frenclinian,  &  Nine  Indians,  wlio  on  tlicir  return  we  waylayed  on  a  point  of  the 
Lake — tlicy  came  in  reach  (if  our  small  arms,  at  whom  we  flred  about  Forty  Guns.  Disenabled  or 
killed  six  of  them,  &  Cliased  tlie  remaining  four,  but  nt  their  Schrieks  three  Indian  Canoes  came 
to  their  relief  which  Prevented  our  bringing  them  in. 

Returned  to  our  Camps  tliat  night.  Wliich  is  tlie  General  information  we  are  able  to  give,  &  is 
humbly  submitted  by 

Your  Honours  most  Obedient  Humble  Servant 
Sep*  29""  1755.  Robert  Rodgers. 

To  the  Hon'"'*  Josepli  Blanchard  Esq.  Col*  of  the  New  Hampshire  Reg'  In  the  Expedition  against 
Crown  Point. 
May  it  please  your  Honour 

The  Ibregoing  is  a  reixtrt  of  Cap*  Robert  Rodgers,  under  yonr  Direction,  sent  with  a  party  to 
Torondurwjue  to  Reconoitre  that  post,  which  is  humbly  offered  by 

Your  most  humble  servant 
Lake  George  29""  Sep'  1755.  Joseph  Blamciiard. 

To  the  Hon""*  General  Johnson. 


LIEUT.  LORD'S  REPORT. 

Haid  Quarters  Camp  Lake  George  October. 
A  Return  of  the  persedhigs  of  the  Detaichment  of  men  ordered  on  the  Scout  under  the  Comand 
of  Philip  Lord  on  Sunday  the  4">  of  October  we  marched  about  Teen  miles  to  the  Eastward  of  this 
incanipmont  and  so  sent  oute  parties  of  4  and  5  men  to  the  South  Easte  and  North  Easte  and  so 
Contfiifued  nfuiiiiii!;  as  sun  as  it  was  Day  Light  for  the  Spase  of  3  Days  and  Returned  witli  oute 
making  aiiey  Discouerey  of  the  Ineniy. 

Pu.. .»  T  onn  5  Commander  of 
T«  Hon«n«  Generii  jyugou.  '"'""  '""■"  >  the   D«tachm«. 


. 


JOUEMALS  or  SIR   WM.   JOHNSOM's  8C0VT8.  171. 


CAPT.  RODGERS' REPORT. 

October  the  7««  1755. 
In  the  Evening  Embarkt  by  order  from  the  Camp  at  Lake  George  with  a  partey  of  aboiite  50 
men  To  make  Descouery  of  the  french  at  Atianderogoe  &  wee  went  by  three  or  four  fires  &  in  six- 
teen miles  sailing  I  mist  one  Batoe  it  being  Dark  Could  Not  find  it  went  on  with  the  Re^t  of  the 
Command  And  aboute  brake  Day  landed  our  Batoes  on  y«  East  side  of  y«  Lake  Georg  within  Twelve 
miles  of  the  Caring  Place  at  atenderrogo  lay  their  that  Day  Made  No  Discouery  the  Eighth  Day  at 
Evening  Landed  our  Batoes  and  Boare  towards  Tianderrogoe  &  Descouerd  a  fire  on  an  Island  put  to 
land  &  sent  of  a  burtch  Caunoe  to  see  whate  was  their  They  that  was  on  y«  Island  Descouerd  y  Can- 
noe  &  Put  oute  their  fires  &  as  we  supposed  went  of  In  their  Caunoe  then  went  Down  with  y" 
Party  witliin  aboute  7  miles  of  the  Cereing  place  &  landed  on  a  point  on  y«  west  side  of  ye  lacke 
George  and  Drewe  up  y«  Batoes  and  secuered  them  y«  9*  at  morning  sent  off  Cap*  Putnam  with  one 
man  and  Cap*  Hunt  with  3  men  more  In  order  to  goe  to  y*  Carfing  Place  and  Tianderogoe  and 
make  Discouerys  their  &  Returne  to  the  Pai-tey  at  Evening  Cap*  Hunt  Come  back  with  Two  men 
at  Night  sent  of  Ens"  Putnam  with  three  men  and  ordered  them  to  make  what  Discouery  they 
Could  with  the  Borch  Conew  and  to  goe  to  the  Cereing  Place  Tarry  their  all  Night  and  in  y« 
morning  as  soon  as  it  was  light  to  Come  back  To  their  Command  Tliat  Night  DiscouerJ  Several 
fires  on  y*  shoar  of  ye  lake  lOih  Day  Sun  half  an  hour  highe  In  y*  morning  our  burch  Canoe  Come 
in  keept  oute  Small  Scouts  by  land  and  Good  Guards  for  fear  of  tlie  Enemy  Coming  on  our 
Backs  y«  Sun  aboute  2  hours  high  then  came  up  3  burtcli  Canoes  Came  by  y«  East  Shore  Came 
within  70  Rods  of  y*  Point  where  wee  were  weel  ambushed  for  them  tliey  lay  on  their  oars  for  y« 
Best  Part  of  an  oure  2;l  in  Number  tlien  sent  oute  our  burtch  Canoe  to  Decoye  them  up  by  the 
Point  our  Cannoe  went  Pariled  with  them  within  30  Rods  then  turnd  and  Padeled  Back  up  by  y« 
Point  But  they  Did  not  folow  them  but  turnd  Down  y*  Lake  half  a  mile  and  boar  ouer  to  tlie  west 
shore  &  their  landed  their  Cannoes  our  Centry  and  small  Scouts  Come  in  and  said  they  Discourd 
Indians  and  heard  tliem  talk  Cap*  Putnam  Instantly  Came  back  witli  y«  account  y«  Indians  were 
on  our  Backs  wee  found  their  Partey  to  stronge  for  us  to  Encounter  with  launcli<i  our  Batoes  and 
sat  homewards  15  miles  and  lodged  on  an  Island  y*  ll*""  Day  we  arived  at  lake  georg  the  Incamp- 
ment  where  wee  tooke  our  Departure  from 

Sir    This  is  the  Most  Correct  account  of  my  agumale  on  my  Command  till  my  Returne  to  this 
Place  this  with  all  the  Reporte  of  my  Spies  I  sent  oute 

ROBART    >    ^DGERS. 

To  the  Honarble  William  Johnson  Esq'  Commander  in  Chiefe 
at  Lake  George  Which  is  presented  fi*om 

Yr  Honnours  Most  obdiont  and  Humble  Servant 

(Endorsed)  A  Journal  of  Cap*  Rodgers'  Proceedings  with  a 
Command  on  Lake  Georg 

delivJ  the  12  October  1755. 


I-' 


•ivf-Jt-"^'**';  ■'• 


173 


jouKRALs  or  am  wh.  johhson's  scouts. 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  PUTNAM. 

SENT  BY  CAPT.  RODCERa  AS  A  SPY  TO  TIONDEROGO 

Oof  O'h  1755.  Then  lift  Cap*  Rogers  upon  a  neck  of  Land  upon  the  west  side  of  Lake  Geoige 
and  Set  out  towards  tycondorogue  to  see  what  Discoveries  we  Could  make  and  after  we  had  marcli*! 
about  7  or  8  miles  we  came  upon  a  Large  Mountain  near  the  Heither  end  of  the  narrows,  and 
when  we  came  tliere  we  Could  make  no  Discovery  at  all  but  after  sometime  wee  espyed  three  Barke 
Cannoes  Drew  upon  the  Shore  upon  a  point  of  Land  that  Ran  into  the  Lake,  and  then  wee  espyed 
two  Indians  Comeing  out  of  the  Bushes  toward  tlie  Cannoes,  after  water,  and  after  sometime  we 
espyed  several  french  and  Indians  on  the  East  side  of  tlie  Lake  and  soon  alter  that  we  heard  the  noise 
of  Cutting,  hewing,  adsing,  and  sawing,  as  tho  there  was  a  Large  Company  of  men  at  work,  and  by 
their  talking  and  Laughing  their  was  amongst  them,  and  then  we  Espyed  about  thirty  Indians 
Came  out  of  the  Bushes  on  tlie  west  side  of  the  Lake  on  the  point  within  a  large  musket  shot  of 
us,  and  played  a  spell  on  the  Beach,  and  then  Returned  into  the  Bush,  and  from  the  point  East- 
ward, tlieir  was  almost  a  Continual  fireingand  barking  of  Doggs  and  talking  so  we  tho*  it  ras  not 
safe  to  proceed  to  Tycondarogue  and  so  Concluded  to  tarry  there  all  knight  and  see  what  further 
Discoveries  wee  Could  make  by  the  fires  in  the  knight,  and  Just  at  the  Dusk  of  the  evening  their 
Came  four  Cannoes  from  the  East  and  went  to  the  west  side  of  the  Lake  and  landed  on  the  point 
where  the  rthers  were  incamped,  and  Drew  up  their  Cannoes  on  y*  Shore  and  by  this  time  wee 
began  to  Discover  the  fires  on  the  point  and  on  tlie  East  side  of  tlie  Lake,  but  Could  not  Discover 
what  number  their  was,  because  the  Bushes  were  so  thick  by  the  Lake  but  as  near  as  we  Could 
best  Judge  we  tho<  there  was  six  or  seven  hundred  by  the  fires  and  Guards  set  on  both  sides  the 
Lake  and  about  Day  Brake,  they  mustered  their  men  to  work  and  then  wee  Left  the  mountain  and 
Returned  to  Cap<  Rogers  on  the  point  and  when  we  Came  within  sixty  or  seventy  Rods  of  the  point 
we  Espyed  thirteen  Indians  pass  by  within  ten  Rods  of  us,  towards  the  point  where  we  left  Cap*. 
Rogers,  and  after  they  had  passed  by  us,  we  Came  to  the  point  where  we  left  Cap*  Rogers,  and  found 
all  well  this  is  the  Chef  of  the  Discovery  and  best  acovnt  that  I  am  able  to  give 

Israel  Putnam. 
To  Capt  Rodgers 

The  Report  of  Captain  Putnen 

(Endorsed)  Cap*  Pitmans  Report  who  was  sent  by  Cap* 

t  Rodgers  as  a  Spy  to  Tiondorogo 

delivJ  12  Oct'. 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  HUNT. 

Liilke  gorge  October  the  ()*■>  1755. 
Left  Cap*  Rodgers  by  His  orders  to  go  to  tiandrogo  and  the  Careing  place  and  macke  Discovers 
then  and  had  two  men  with  rae  and  Cap*  putnom  went  with  me  with  one  man  moore  and  we  traveld 
Down  the  Laike  gorge  within  two  miles  of  the  Narros  or  Careiug  place  and  se  where  the  friench 
were  at  work  one  tlie  Eas  Side  of  the  Lake  goi^e  and  one  the  west  side  there  was  an  Eincampment 
of  Abovt  one  Himdred  Indiens  A  gainst  the  friench  Eincampments  and  the  Avhole  that  wase  one 
both  lidf  of  tlMiitike  w«  Jvded  to  be  about  7  or  8  Hondred  men  Hewd  the  shoot  teviel  Gous  and 


JOVBRALt  or   BIft   WM.   J0HN80«  ■   •OOUTS. 


ITS 


see  sevcrel  Botos  Drawed  up  By  ther  Eincampments  Left  Cap'  pvtmun  ami  one  man  to  geo  to 
tiandrogu  and  Retvrned  to  Aqvaint  ovr  Comand  of  what  Discoverey  we  Had  made  Come  to  them 
Abovt  Svn  Downe  tliis  Is  the  Chef  that  I  can  say  Consernin  the  Discovereys  that  I  made  who  is  Sii 
yovr  Hvmbl  Servent  .  .  Samll  Hunt. 

To  Cap'  Rodgers 
(Endorsed)  Report  of  Capt  Hunt  sent  as  a  spy  to  .■        •      i 

Tionderogo  by  Cap*  Rodgets.    dellv*  12  Octo».  1756.  i 


REPORT  OP  ENSIGNE  PUTNAM. 

October  the  9th  1755. 
I  left  Capten  Rodgers  by  His  ord'  to  geo  In  the  Borch  Conow  to  make  Discovereys  of  the  fre  at 
the  Careying  place  or  whair  they  freiench  Incanipments  was  and  toolc  three  men  with  me  wen 
abovt  5  or  6  miles  downe  the  Lailce  and  discovred  severe!  fiers  one  the  wes  side  of  the  Laike  one 
a  point  and  went  within  twenty  Rods  of  the  fers  and  see  the  men  by  the  flers  and  thee  fispeycd  our 
Conoo  and  made  Ratling  Atho  thee  ware  pvting  ovt  after  us  we  mad  ove  to  the  East  shore  and 
Lay  one  ovr  ors  for  some  time  Expecting  the  Enemy  bvt  None  followed  then  went  Downe  by 
there  flers  abovt  one  Quarter  of  A  mile  and  see  a  Lardge  in  Campment  on  the  East  Side  cf  Abovt 
A  thovsand  men  as  we  Jvdged  they  spred  one  the  Laike  for  Half  A  mile  and  we  Come  back 
twoards  ovr  Comand  one  mile  and  went  into  A  Coue  and  Lay  till  Brak  of  Day  and  went  Downe 
within  Half  A  mile  of  the  fiers  and  them  friesh  and  then  returned  to  ovr  Comand  whear  we  found 
all  well  tlus  is  the  chefe  that  I  can  say  Consaruing  ovr  Discovery. 

Laike  Gorge  to  Capten  Rodgers.  Timothy  Pvtnvm. 


REPORTS  OF  JOHN  TAPLIN  AND  HENRY  BABCOCK. 

Lake  Gorge  October  the  10  1755. 
I  marched  from  this  place  with  fifty  men  and  marched  a  Bout  fine  or  six  mils  to  the  South  East 
and  in  Camped  and  sent  out  Scouts  toward  the  South  Bay  and  toward  wood  Crik  and  we  mad  No 
descouery  of  any  Eaumy  and  Retorned  Home  this  Day  October  the  13.  John  Taplin. 

Lake  George  "cto'  13,  1755. 
A  Report  of  the  Scout  of  the  West  Side  of  the  Lake— Went  out  the  10«>  Instant  with  50  men 
reconnoitred  the  Woods  about  10  or  12  miles  from  the  Camp,  discovered  no  Enemy,  returned  to 
the  Camp  the  IS**.  P'  Henrv  Babcock  Cap*  of  the  Scout. 


CAPT  SYMS'  REPORT. 

i5i»  We  are  now  Incampcd  about  three  miles  from  you  imedeately  on  our  coming  here  we  sent 
out  two  Scouts,  both  came  in  and  did  not  discover  any  thing  towards  Evening  I  posted  Century 
out  one  of  w*  was  shot  and  scalp""  a  hatched  was  left  in  his  head,  Shall  be  glad  to  receive  your  farther 
orders  some  of  my  men  seem  frightened  and  fear  some  will  run  off  to  night  as  they  seem  much 
frightened    I  am  Sir  your  most  humble  servant  William  Syms. 

I  shall  stay  in  this  Place  till  I  receive  your  farther  orders. 

I  believe  some  fresh  hands  would  be  necessary. 
To  General  Jobnsoa    «t  Lake  George.  .  r.  «->•»  ^•«.  -•  ^  •-.•.»•  -  .-v  ■'•••■«*        . ;  c.     . .- 


I 


49!« 


JOVMtALS  or  SIR   WM.   JOHNaOM'S   SCOOTS. 


REPORT  OF  LIEUT.  FONDA. 

Camp  at  Lake  George  14  Octi^  1755. 
A  Report  of  the  Scout  under  my  Command  being  in  Number  1  Sergint  and  12  Men — Agreeable 
to  orders  Came  op  first  with  the  party  Commanded  by  Lut :  Van  Schaick  who  was  on  tiie  return 
back  to  tliis  Camp  and  asked  tlie  Reason  wiiy  they  returned  so  soon  or  why  tliey  had  not  proccded 
as  an  accident  had  happened  to  one  of  their  men  he  sayd  he  was  sick  and  unfit  to  proccd  on  wbicli 
I  left  him  and  Came  up  with  the  party  Commanded  by  Capt"  Syms,  who  was  waiting  for  onh-rs  on 
which  I  then  gave  hii"  tlie  orders  I  Received  from  gen"  Johnson  Aid  De  Camp  to  March  forward 
upon  which  all  Excepting  all  to  Refused  to  proced  and  tlien  I  asked  my  party  to  go  and  tiike 
their  Blanketts  and  provisions  wliich  they  Denied  Except  with  their  own  Officers  and  1  tlien  Culled 
and  said  all  you  that  are  Cowards  Come  and  He  take  y^  names  Down  and  they  Come  so  thick  tliat  I 
Could  see  But  10  or  12  Left  of  the  whole  party  &.  they  mostly  Consisting  of  New  Yorkers  and  tlien 
I  asked  the  Commander  what  he  woud  do  or  whether  he  understood  me  that  he  was  to  go  forword 
he  said  he  believed  he  would  Come  back  and  so  we  returned  to  this  Camp. 

Jelles  FotlDA. 


CAPT.  SIMS'  REPORT. 


Monday  y«  13**  Instant  Set  out  from  y«  Camps  about  2,  o'the  Clock  in  y«  afternoon  upon  Com<« 
with  Fifty  men  under  my  Command  Travild  about  three  miles  upon  y«  West  of  y«  Lake  and  sent 
out  3  Scouts  according  to  orders  ;  and  £ncamp<i  2  of  which  Performed  their  orders  and  returu'd 
without  any  Discovery,  But  thro'  mistake  the  officer  tliat  was  ordered  for  to  send  y«  Nortli  Scout, 
sett  only  a  Centery,  who  was  Placed  near  45  Rods  from  y*  Encamp*  and  about  half  an  Hour  after 
sunset  he  was  fired  upon  as  near  as  We  could  Judge  by  a  Scout  from  y«  Enemy  Consisting  of  four 
or  five  Indians,  upon  which  I  ordered  all  to  arms  and  to  piocetd  will)  all  speed  to  y«  Place  where 
y*  fire  was  and  when  I  got  there  to  my  astonishm'  I  had  but  about  1 5  men  with  me,  I  Ix)oked  Back 
and  they  Cried  out  for  Gods  sake  call  us  all  togeather  or  we  shall  l)e  cut  oft',  upon  which  I  order'd 
them  to  spread  and  march  in  a  half  moon  in  order  to  Discover  y*  Enneniy  or  y*  occation  of  y" 
Fire  and  without  Further  Discovery  But  y"  Loss  of  all  Except  about  six  or  seven  Living  men  which 
was  with  me  and  my  Lieuten'Then  Returned  and  upon  our  Return  found  y«  Centery  kiird  &  sculp'd 
Took  him  Down  to  y«  Camp  and  there  found  y«  Rest  of  my  men  In  Great  Distress  Tying  up  their 
Packs ;  upon  which  I  Doubled  y*  Guards  and  ordered  all  to  stand  their  Ground  upon  their  Perril 
where  I  with  Difficulty  kept  them  Till  Furth'  orders  from  your  Hon'  upon  y«  Receipt  of  which  I 
could  Prevail  upon  but  13  men  to  Proceed  Further  and  therefore  Judged  Best  and  most  advisa- 
ble to  returne  and  Report  y"  Occation  of  my  not  Proceeding  y'  Scout  out  as  I  have  Particularly 
Informed  your  Hon'  Worthy  S'  I  now  stand  ready  upon  all  orders  to  Pursue  your  Comm<'*  to  a 
Tittle  upon  my  Part,  Provided  I  can  have  such  materials  as  are  fit  for  y«  Purpose,  and  When 
Ever  I  fail  Lett  me  be  stigmatized    I  Remain  Your  Hon^*  Most  Dutiful  and  Ob*  Hum>>'«  Serv* 

Camp  at  Lake  George  W"  Symes. 

Octob'  22««  1755. 
To  the  Honnorble  Will™  Johnson  Esq 

Jjeut*  Oea>i  of  y*  Army  at  Lak» G«oifi.       «.  ..^yw.  ..    ... ,  .^t     *>    .  i   ....    * 


jooMiALs  or  >»  vm.  johniom'i  •oovrt. 


175 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  RODGERS'  AND  GO'S  SCOUT. 

On  the  fourteenth  ^  ^  of  October  1755  I  Embarked  in  a  Burch  Canoe  at  the  Camps  on  the 
South  End  of  Lake  George  with  Four  Men  beside  ray  self  &  sailed  twenty  five  miles  &  Landed  on 
the  west  side  of  the  Lake  then  Traveled  by  Land  and  on  the  Eighteenth  Day  I  arlved  on  tlie  Moun- 
tain on  the  West  side  of  Crown  point  there  I  lay  that  Niglit  and  all  the  next  Day  and  observed  tlie 
Eneniys  motions  there  &  about  Crown  point  i.nd  observed  Ambnseers  Built  upon  the  Mount  about 
Tliirty  Hods  To  the  Southwest  of  Crown  point  fort  in  the  Evening  went  Down  To  the  Houses  that 
was  built  upon  the  lake  to  the  South  of  Crown  point  &  went  Into  a  barn  that  was  well  filld  witii 
wheat  &  left  three  men  &  proceeded  with  one  man  To  make  furtlier  Discoverys  at  the  fort  and 
found  a  good  place  To  ambush  within  Sixty  Rods  of  the  fort  &  Imediatly  went  buck  &  took  our  part- 
ners &  ambushd  at  tlie  proper  place  we  had  found  &  there  we  lay  Till  about  Ten  of  the  Clock  & 
observed  several  Canoes  passing  up  &  Down  the  Lake  &  sundry  men  that  went  out  To  work  about 
their  Secular  affairs  &  Judged  the  whole  that  was  in  the  fort  to  be  about  five  Hundred  at  length  a 
french  man  Came  out  of  the  fort  Towards  us  without  his  Gun  &  Came  within  fitleen  Rods  of  where 
we  lay  then  I  with  another  man  Run  up  to  him  In  order  to  Captivate  him — But  he  Refused  To  Take 
Quarter  so  we  kill,d  him  and  Took  of  his  Scalp  in  plain  sight  of  the  fort  then  Run  and  in  plain 
veiw  about  Twenty  Rods  &  made  our  Escape  the  same  Night  we  Came  Right  West  of  Tianarago 
about  three  Miles  and  upon  a  Mountain  in  plain  sight  of  their  fort  &  see  large  Incampments  Round 
it  &  heard  a  vast  number  of  smal  arms  fired  Judged  there  To  be  Two  Thousand  men  at  Tianarago 
&  on  tlie  Twenty  first  Day  Got  To  Our  Canoes  about  Eight  of  the  Clock  in  the  Morning  &  found 
all  safe  &  about  Nine  of  the  Clock  in  the  Evening  Arived  all  well  at  our  Encampments  where 
we  set  out. 

The  above  account  is  the  Cheif  Discovery  tliat  we  made  at  Crown  point  &  Tioanaragoe. 
To  the  Honourable  William  Johnson  Esq''  Commander  in  Clieif  of  ']      Robert  Rodgers 

the  Forces  at  Lake  George  this  presented  By  Your  Honour's  I     Jonathan  Butterfield 

Most  Humble  Serv»  J      Israel  Putnam 

(Endorsed)    Cap«  Roclgers  &  C'  Acc»  of  Scout 

to  Crown  Point    rec'd  22  Octo'  1755 


CAPT.  DOLITTLE'S  JOURNAL  OF  HIS  SCOUT  TO  TIONDOROGO. 

Octob'  24ti>  1755  after  a  tetlias  march  over  hills  and  holes  we  Indeavoured  to  Disscover  y«  french 
on  this  side  of  y«  Carrying  Place  but  Could  not  hear  any  of  y«  Choping  or  Shooting  or  Druming  we 
went  Down  To  y«  Lake  but  Could  not  Disscover  them  Then  we  Proceeded  farther  To  Tiondaroga 
where  we  had  a  fare  View  of  y*  french  a  little  before  son  set  They  ware  at  work  Clearing  of  Land 
and  Choping  of  Timber  they  have  Cleared  a  Pint  of  Land  that  Looks  East  a  Cross  the  Water  that 
Runs  from  Lake  Geoi^e  and  y*  South  Bay  which  is  To  appearance  but  little  more  than  Quarter  of  a 
Mile  a  Cross  they  have  built  no  fort  as  I  could  Disscerne  neither  huve  they  any  Great  Guns  that  I 
could  see  we  Lay  all  night  within  about  a  mile  of  them  saw  them  Light  up  y"  fires  and  Beat  y« 
Drums  thei-e  appears  to  be  about  150  Tents  some  small  Boarded  Housen  there  may  [be]  about  100 
m«a  ai  n«ar  m  I  Can  Gesa  w*  DMiga<i  t*  vi«w  /■  jr*  next  mMDing  but  wa«  Pr«y«Qt«d  by  y*  iq«w 


If 


il 


I  I 


I   I 


I  \ 


1711 


JOUKNAU  or  IIR  Vm.  JOIUtWM'l  leovTt. 


filling  y«  are  we  then  Proceeded  Back  on  y«  25«*  to  Dlsscover  y  fVench  on  this  side  y«  Carrlng  Place 
If  Possable  we  went  to  the  Lake  but  not  near  y™  but  Dissern  y»  Buildings  but  could  not  DIsscovf  r 
y«  strength  nor  numbers  but  saw  that  it  was  on  y«  west  side  of  y»  Lake  at  a  vcrey  Narrow  Place 
y«  next  morning  wo  Determin''  to  make  further  Disscoverey  but  was  Prevented  by  a  thick  fugg  our 
Provision  being  spent  Could  tarrey  no  Longer  God  knows  wheather  Ever  we  Get  home  if  we  Do  I 
would  Humbly  Present  these  fow  Lines  to  Qen'  Wm.  Johnson. 
Rec<«  28««  Oct.  1765. 


CAPT.  REED'S  REPORT. 


26  of  October  1755  in  obedience  to  my  orders  I  marched  with  50  men  5  or  0  miles  North  Est 
from  this  Camp  made  no  Discoucry  of  Any  Enemy  and  Set  out  Sentreys  and  in  camped. 

27  Day  Sent  out  a  Scout  of  4  men  About  Day  Brake  and  Sundery  more  Scouts  aiter  them  the 
furst  Scout  Did  not  Return  whilst  2  of  the  clock  in  the  afternoon  and  thay  said  that  thay  Des- 
ooured  A  {tatli  whare  thay  thought  the  Enemy  had  pest  gon  A  Long  towards  wood  Crick. 

28  Jest  as  the  Day  Brock  I  went  out  with  4  men  and  trauiled  2  or  3  miles  North  Est  and  Came  to 
a  Camp  which  Looked  varey  New  and  Judged  to  be  made  by  the  Enemey  and  we  went  in  and  tliare 
fler  was  not  all  out  But  we  Judged  that  they  had  begon  2  ouers  or  more  and  they  trauiled  Right 
North  and  maid  A  Larg  Road  then  I  Returned  to  our  Camp  and  sent  out  a  Scout  of  10  men  which 
folowred  tliat  Road  3  miels  and  thtn  tliay  Could  Not  folow  No  futhcr  for  the  Enemey  Scatrad  so  that 
thay  could  not  tel  wliich  way  tliey  went  and  then  thay  Returned  to  tlie  Camp  our  other  Scouts 
mad  no  Descovery. 

29  Day  Send  out  Sundery  Scouts  which  mad  No  Discovery  of  Any  Enemey  and  then  we  all 
marched  for  tliis  Camp  and  on  our  Return  made  no  Descovery  of  any  Enemey  Nor  No  New  sins. 

James  Rekd  Cap* 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  RODGERS  &  CO. 


OF  THEIR   SKIRMISH   WITH   THE  ENEMY8  AOVANCEO  GUARD. 

May  it  Please  your  Honour 

Pursuant  to  your  Orders  of  y«  29th  of  October  Last  I  set  off  with  y«  Party  to  me  ordered 
and  Went  Down  y<  Lake  and  y*  31  •*  made  a  Discovyof  a  nomberof  fires  By  night  Scituated 
on  R  Point  of  Land  on  y«  West  Side  of  y«  Lake,  upon  Which  we  Landed  and  Securetl  our 
Battoes  upon  y*  Same  Side  of  y*  Lake  about  a  mile  &  half  Distance  from  their  Encampment,  Next 
morning  Sent  out  Spies  for  further  Discovery,  in  y«  Evening  Cap'  Fletcher  one  of  y"  Spies  return'd 
Leaving  2  of  y  Spies  there,  and  made  Report  y*  there  was  four  Tents  and  Sundry  Small  fires  on  S«i 
Point,  and  upon  y*  after  Consultation  it  was  Concluded  advisable  to  acquaint  your  Honour  of  our 
Discovery  and  Reinforce  us  if  you  thought  advisable  in  order  to  Proceed  further  and  Make  a  Push 
upon  our  Enemy,  accordingly  Cap^  Fletcher  was  Dispatch<i  to  you  with  Six  men  in  y«  Battoe  and 
Six  being  return'd  as  Invaleeds  Leving  me  with  nineteen  men  only,  but  being  un  Easie  with  the 
Report,  I  took  a  Battoe  with  5  men  and  went  Down  within  25  Rods  of  their  Fires  Discovered 
a  Small  Fort  with  Several  Small  Log  Camps  within  y*  Fort  whi<;h  I  Judged  to  Contain  about  |  of  an 
•cr*  Said  F«rt  b«Uig  op«n  ti»w«rd»  y*  Wat«r  T}m  reft  Pick«tted.    Made  no  IVirther  Discovery 


JOURNALS   OF   aiR    WM.    JOHNSON'S   SCOUTS. 


vh 


there  and  Returnd  to  My  Party,  found  all  well  except  Cap'  Putnam  and  ye  Spie  with  him,  who 
was  not  returned.  The  next  Morning  aiwut  10  o  the  Clock  Cap*  Putnam  return'd  and  y«  Spie  with 
liiui  wlio  Gave  much  tlie  Same  ace*  iis  alH)ve  Saving  j'  y»  Enemies  Cenlrys  was  sett  20  Rods  from  y' 
Fires  and  tor  a  more  Crittical  examination  of  y  Enemies  Proceedings  lie  went  forward  till  he 
Came  so  niglt  y*  lie  was  fired  u^xm  by  one  of  y«  Centeries  witliin  a  R»xl  of  liim.  But  unfortunately 
upon  Preparing  to  Fire  ujion  him  fell  into  a  Clay  Pit  and  wett  liis  Gun  made  y  Rest  retreat  he  was 
alile,  hearing  y«  Enemy  Close  to  their  Heels,  yy  made  a  Tack  &  Luckcly  escapJ  Safe  to  our  Pnrty, 
Soon  after  there  was  a  Discovery  made  of  two  Frenchmen  ujjon  a  Hill  a  Small  Distance,  who  Called 
to  us,  said  }[ill  overlooked  our  ambush,  in  a  few  minutes  they  relreate<l,  and  Two  Camx-s  aj^icaied 
and  went  by  us  &  Lay  in  y»  middle  of  ye  Lake  about  10  Rods  Distance  from  Each  other.  Finding 
by  y*  Behaviour,  there  was  a  Party  Condng  by  Land  y*  wo  must  inevitably  be  between  2  Fires. 

Upon  Wliicli  I  ordered  Two  Battoes  into  y"  Water  Leu*  Gnint  with  6  men,  and  I  went  into  y« 
otlicr  with  G  more  &  Put  on  Board  Each  a  Wall  peice  and  Went  out  towards  y«  Canoes,  wlio  seemed 
to  Ly  upon  their  Paddles  as  tho'  they  had  a  Design  to  Decoy  us  into  some  mischief  by  tlicir  Party 
y*  was  Designed  to  Surround  our  People  on  Sliore,  and  then  attack  us  l»y  keeping  us  between  y" 
an  their  Land  party  find*  tliere  Designe  attacked  them  first  put  y">  to  y  Rout  and  surprised  so  y» 
they  made  to  y"  shore  Where  Cap'  Putnam  with  y«  rest  of  our  Party  Lay,  but  unhappy  to  y<"  he  was 
Prepared  for  y"  shot  and  kill'd  y  Cockson;  and  by  our  Wall  Peices  &c;  kill'd  Divers  of  y"  Butt 
upon  his  fireing  upon  y  Canoe,  Immeadiatly  y"  Enemy  Uptm  that  was  upon  his  Back  fired  upon 
and  hatl  l,ut  Just  time  to  Sliove  his  Battoe  into  y«  Water,  and  Gett  into  Beibre  y'  Enemy  appeared 
upon  y  Waters  Edge  and  Made  a  Brisk  fire  upon  him  Shot  Thro'  his  Blanket  in  Divers  Places,  and 
tliro'  y«  Battoe  and  then  made  to  our  Battoes  lor  refuge,  upon  his  Escape  we  pursued  y«  Cannocs 
witli  a  constant  fire  upon  tliein  till  we  came  witliiu  Eighty  Rods  of  y  fires.  Discovered  a  nomber 
of  men  upon  Eacii  Side  of  j«  shore  within  about  40  Rods  of  us  Gave  y"  Eacli  a  Broad  side  wliicli 
put  y"  to  y  Busli,  and  Gave  us  a  Clear  Passage  Homewards  and  after  we  Got  fairly  intoy*  Luke  Lay 
upon  Our  Oars  and  IiKjuired  after  the  Circomstances  of  y*  Party  Found  none  killed,  but  one  Wounded 
which  Gave  Joy  to  all  of  us  after  so  Long  an  Engagement  wliich  I  Judge  was  near  2  Ht)urs  &c: 

And  Then  we  made  y«  Best  of  our  Way  to  our  Head  quarters  alxiut  half  Way,  Wc  met  With  y« 
Reiuforcem*— But  upon  Consultation,  Tliought  Best  to  report  What  had  happeiid  Witliout  further 
proceeding,  and  accordingly  arrived  here  to  y*  Encampm'  y«  'i^  Instant — All  whicli  is  Hum  Sub- 
mitteil  by  your  Duty  full  Serv".  Robert  Rodcers 

TsRAix  Putnam 
Camp  at  Lake  George  Nov  S^  1755.  Noah  Chant. 

(Endorsed)    Report  of  Cap«  Rcxlgers  &Co  of  their 

Skirmisli  with  tlie  Euemys  advanced  Guard, 
reced  3  Nov'  1755. 


la 
|r 

V 

|e 
Id 
In 


REPORT  OF  CAPT.  BILLING. 

Lake  George  Nov  y«  2  1755. 
I  y«  subscriber  Beeing  ordered  With  a  number  of  men  to  Go  Near  y"  Narrows  to  Join  Cap'  Rogers 
and  his  men  but  on  my  way  their  I  met  Cap*  Rogers  Returning  home  he  Beejing  Discouer'd  by 
a  Party  of  the  Enemy  &  attacked  &  thought  Best  to  Return  to  y®  Camp  &  I  also  Returned  Back 
With  him  by  hit  Dciirc.  .      .  .. 

RooER  BiLLiMe  Cap*. 
Vou.  XT.  23 


w 


IIH 


JOVRKAU   or  IIA   WM.   JOIItftOM't   SCOVTt. 


REPORT  OF  CAPT  ANOELL 

Camp  Lake  George  Novem*>'  3  :  1755. 
Report  or  my  Proceilings  on  a  Scout  Towards  Tenondorogo. 

So  according  to  your  Onlers  of  tlie  31  of  Oct'  J.a8t  I  put  of  from  the  Cam))  in  the  Evening  of  the 
same  Day  about  four  miles  Down  tlie  Lake  I  saw  a  fler  on  the  West  Shoar  and  went  Nigli  to  it  In-inp; 
Infornietl  by  the  peo])l«  With  me  tliat  Our  Scouts  Commonly  made  fiers  Near  that  ])Iace  I  Pniceeded 
about  Seven  Miles  fVom  hear  I  Srfw  a  fler  on  the  East  Side  on  a  Neck  of  Low  I^nd  and  passed  it  at 
sura  Distance  al)out  fourteen  Miles  i'rom  hear  I  saw  a  fler  on  tlie  West  Shoar  Which  I  passeil  at  two 
or  three  miles  Distance  So  Proceeded  Dinvn  the  Lake  tel  about  four  o'clock  in  the  morning  the  Wind 
Blew  IVesli  and  Kained  and  was  very  Dark  I  being  unserten  how  far  Wee  had  got  Down  the  Lake 
put  on  Slioar  hallM  up  the  Canoe  and  staid  til  morning  then  found  that  we  had  not  got  Witliin  Seven 
or  Eight  Miles  of  the  Narrows  Concluded  to  travel  that  Day  by  Land  accordingly  at  Eiglit  o'clock 
I  satt  out  Leut  Waterbery  and  one  man  more  and  Left  two  men  with  the  Canoe  Wee  Traveled  til 
Past  Noon  along  tlie  sides  of  Mountains  allmost  Inipasable  and  got  on  the  top  of  a  very  higli  Moun- 
tain Where  I  had  a  fine  Pros)H;ct  of  this  Lake  and  of  tlie  Mountains  on  Champlaine  I  Judged  Wee 
had  got  about  five  miles  l<y  four  hours  hard  traveling  I  allso  thought  I  could  see  all  from  their  by 
the  Looks  of  tlie  Land  Within  a  Little  Ways  of  the  Narrows  and  Judged  I  Could  see  aney  advan- 
tagous  gniund  this  side  tlie  Narrows  Where  the  Enemy  Would  l>e  likely  to  post  their  Guard  I  c«)uld 
see  no  Siuoak  only  at  a  great  Distance  towards  Champlain  Wliich  I  Judged  the  Proilucts  of  the  Camp 
at  Carelon  iiiidiiig  the  Mountains  so  Bad  to  pa^s  Concluded  to  Return  to  the  Canoe  and  go  Down 
the  I^ikn  that  Nii;ht  alxiut  Eight  miles  if  I  Did  not  Discouer  aney  Enemy  Soner  acordingly  I  did 
and  at  Dark  Laucjied  tlie  Cun<>e  ami  Proce<led  it  Rained  and  Was  very  Dark  so  I  could  have  seen 
aney  Light  a  great  Distance  nee  pudled  Down  the  Lake  about  three  hours  got  w heretlio  Lake  was 
very  Narrow  Could  Discouer  no  Li^lit  Judged  I  had  got  By  where  the  party  was  posted  acording 
to  what  Information  I  had  had  Looked  at  it  not  Safe  to  Land  there  that  Night  as  it  was  so  Near  the 
Enemys  Camp  knowing  Capt  Rogers  had  been  thar  a  Day  or  two  before  and  that  Likely  he  Might 
have  alarmed  them  and  that  by  that  means  they  Might  auoyd  keeping  fires  in  Order  to  Lay  in  Wate 
for  an  opurtunity  to  Discouer  our  Spies  I  Judgjd  that  If  I  should  be  Discouered  in  the  Day  time 
that  it  was  more  than  an  Equil  Chance  to  be  taken  So  taking  Every  Circumstance  into  Consideration 
Looketl  at  it  Reter  to  Return  unsuccessfull  then  to  Run  So  Big  Risk  of  being  Discouered  as  I 
Looked  at  it  I  must  I^ud  tliere  and  stay  a  nother  Day  about  ten  0  Clock  that  Night  Sett  out  lor 
hoome  where  I  arrived  about  12  O  Clock  the  next  Day  all  Well 

To  Major  Gener  Johnson  Sam  Amgell. 

(Endorsed)    Lake  George  Nov  3.  1755  Cap»  Angells  Letter. 


THE  REPORT  OF  JAMES  CONNOR 

OF   COL.    COCKCROFTS   HEG*    WHO   WENT   IN    A    BATTOC   WITH    5   MEN    MORE  TO   DISCOVER    THE   POSTl'RE  OF 

THK   ENEMVS   ADVANCED  GUARD  ON   LAKE   GEORGE. 

Parted  from  the  Camp  5  Nov'  in  the  Evening  &  lay  by  near  the  mouth  of  the  first  narrow  that 
night — All  next  <iay  lay  still,  till  Evening  ab'  7  a  Clock,  then  went  on  &.  ab*  10  discovere<l  one  of  the 
Enemys  advanced  Fires  on  the  East  shore,  proceeded  8l  came  in  between  2  of  their  Flank  Fires, 
tiian  went  in  upon  th^ir  main  Fixe  &  discovered  them  releiving  tli«ijr  Sentry*  ^*^  wen  5  in  numb«r 


lOVftiiALi  or  sit  WM.  joiiKtori  icouti. 


iH 


tlien  returnetl  al>otit4  miles  In  the  luUldle  of  the  Lnke,  put  in  un  tlie  Kast  Slinar  Into  a  little  Creek  ft 
lay  tlirre  tliiit  iiiKlit  7'iie  7  Inst  111  the  Murnln^  he  &  twu  nirn  wrnt  hy  Ltiiul  Sl  roniTiiliHl  them- 
m-Wvt  ill  8oni«  Hprucfi  Shruhs  wlwre  the  Ktaniiy  hutl  been  I'clliiiff  !X)iue  TiiiilHr  iih*  6  li*n\  IVoni  the 
LHk«-»i(lu  w**  isi  tlte'.t)  abuiit  ttUO  yards  widr,  saw  the  I'liioniy  contu  down  to  the  West  ^ide  of  the 
Lake  &  curry  away  some  Timber  w°i>  lay  there  thmting  &  carried  it  ii|>  to  their  Enruinp*  upoii  hand- 
spikes,  heard  Workmen  Chopping  &.  Iiamoring.  Saw  tlie  UiiardH  from  the  Two  Advanced  Flrci 
upon  the  Lake  side,  come  in,  In  Two  Birch  Canoes,  eacli  of  w°>>  contained  12  or  13  men.  Saw  no 
Indians,  discovered  a  Breast  work  round  their  Incampt  with  pickets  put  up  like  ours  here,  k 
Ncveral  Lt)g  houses  within  it  &  suppose  there  may  be  between  l&U  or  lUO  men  there,  lay  there  til  it 
))egiin  to  rain  hartl  It  the  £neniy  left  off  working  vi<>*>  Judg«  was  Iwtween  lU  &  1 1  u  Clock  yesterday 
morning,  then  came  away  &  Joined  the  other  men  at  the  Battoe  lays  8(111  till  al)out  12  a  Cl<M'k  at 
niglit,  tlien  set  off  for  this  Camp,  about  3  this  morning  struck  up  a  little  Are  ii|Mjn  a  small  Island 
ab>  2U  mlU'B  from  hence  about  half  an  hour  afterwards  heartl  a  whooping  of  Indians  on  the  East  side 
of  the  Lake  kept  a  strict  watch  till  Day  break  when  the  whooping  was  rei)cated  more  stronly,  then 
net  off  in  the  Battoe  homewards  &  made  no  further  Discoveries. 

Camp  at  Lake  George  8  Nov  Afternoon  taken  hy  mo  Petui  Whaxall 

(Endorsed)  Tlie  Report  of  James  Connor  relating 
to  the  Enemys  Advanced  Giwrd. 


A  REPORT  OF  THE  SCOUT  TO  THE  N.  E.  OF  THIS  INCAMPMENT. 

Camp  at  Lake  George  8'i>  Nov'  1755. 
Having  according  to  Orders  Gone  the  Distance  w^  we  Reached:  the  6ii>  sent  out  Two  Scouts  Ime- 
diately  one  for  South  Bay  the  other  for  wood  Crick,  the  i,(ie  that  went  to  wood  Crick  returnd  the 
same  Evening  and  acquainted  me  they  had  Dlscoverd  Newly  beating  Tracts  to  tlie  a<i  w*  upon  w^ 
on  the  7">  at  day  break  sent  four  y«  same  way  to  reach  the  lulls  of  wood  Creek  But  being  a 
Rainy  day  &  having  no  Compass  within  they  went  about  S  E  as  nigh  as  I  can  Judge  from  tlieir 
Information,  and  In  the  Close  of  the  Evening  Cume  up  with  a  Tract  Just  Trod  which  they  Imme- 
diately follow'd  :  &  not  Long  before  they  dlscoverd  the  Rise  of  asmoke  l>om  a  small  hutt  on  the  side 
of  a  hill,  they  made  a  halt  &  Concluded  to  send  one  forwarded  to  make  what  discoverys  he  Cou'd 
(the  other  lay  in  ambush  ab*  30  rod  off)  on  his  Coming  near  he  Discovei-e<l  Seven  Nigh  the  fire 
Tliree  french  and  four  Indians.  On  v/*>  he  returned  to  his  party  and  Acquainted  them  of  their 
Numbers,  upon  w**  they  Concluded  that  as  soon  as  it  was  Dark  to  go  &  attack  'em  :  in  the  mean 
Time  the  jwi-son  that  Had  made  the  discovery  went  &  Lay  to  watch  'em  to  see  if  they  sett  any 
Sentrys  :  he  had  not  sett  Long  before  it  Grew  Dark  :  and  he  Dlscoverd  four  of  'em  Come'g  within 
u  Rod  or  Two  of  him,  &  having  a  Great  Cold  Could  not  refVain  Coughing :  w>>  he  did  at  the  Time, 
with  his  hand  to  his  mouth  as  the  first  of  the  four  Came  across  him  :  upon  w>>  he  thinking  they 
hud  dlscoverd  him,  He  fires  on  him  &  he  Dropt  &  Scremd  out  Bitterly  he  Imediately  made  to  the 
party  &,  they  went  of  from  the  place  &  return'd  to  me  this  morning  at  Ten  o  Clock ;  the  Scout  that 
went  to  South  Bay  having  reached  it,  Stay'd  some  Time  To  make  what  Discovery  they  Coud.  But 
returned  not  having  Dlscoverd  anything— Nothing  more  that's  material  has  happen'd 

Miciii'  TuoocY. 


xii'.    »'. 


190 


jovRNALs  or  8i«  vu.  johmsoh's  acevTB 


i 


THE  REPORT  [OF]  IIENDRICK  &  NICKLAS 

TWO  MOHAWK   INDS  MADE;  WHO   WERT   UPON  A  DISCOVERY  TOWARDS  CROWN   POINT   TIONDABOC    &C. 

1755.  Nov' 2'.  £ncan)i)ed  upon  a  large  Mountain  near  the  Lake ;       .    . ,. 

3<>.  Still  keeping  to  tlie  westward  of  Lake  George  along  the  mountains,  and  encamped  upon  a 
mountain  calld  Tekaghwean  garaneghton,  iieard  firing  in  tlie  Woods  but  could  not  come  up  with 
any  Parties  tho  came  upon  several  Tracks;  imagining  to  be  hunting  Parties. 

4'*.  Discovered  a  French  Guard  of  abt:  30  or  40  men  who  had  two  Hutts  upon  a  Point  of  tlie 
Lake,  they  look'd  for  a  place  of  Ambush  and  eucamped  so  near  the  Guard  tliat  they  heard  them  speak; 

b"*.  Laid  still  trying  to  get  a  scalp 

G"*.  Went  to  the  Road  which  goes  along  the  Water  side  towards  Tiyondaioga  In  Order  to  get  a 
scalp  but  no  Body  pass'd  and  they  returned,  and  built  up  a  small  fire  some  Distance  from  tliat  Guard, 
at  night  observd  the  fires  of  an  Encampment  so  bright  tliat  it  appeai-d  to  them  like  Day. 

7  *>.  In  the  Morning  resolvd  to  discover  the  Encampment  nearer  accordingly  they  went,  and  found 
it  to  their  surpriz  and  amazement  so  large  that  they  never  seen  tlie  like  and  the  Encamp'  at  this 
Lake  was  notliing  in  Comparison  did  not  see  any  Indians  in  the  Encampm'  returned  to  the  Place 
of  Ambush. 

8">.  Laid  there  this  Day  for  a  sculp. 

9.  ProTision  growing  short  resolvd  to  return  and  report  their  Discovery. 

10.  Travelled  back. 

11.  In  the  Evening  arrived  at  the  Camp. 


i    11 


■''"'*''  A  REPORT  OF  THE  SCOUTT  TO  THE  EASTWARD. 

Lake  George  IS'h  Nov'  1755. 

having  marcht  ab*  Twenty  five  miles  to  the  Eastw<i  of  this  Camp  being  hinderd  by  the  Rain  from 
going  farther,  Sent  Severall  advanc'd  Scoutts:  But  none  of  us  Discoverd  any  thing  Nothing  more 
has  happen'd.  Peiter  Becker 

To  Migor  Gen"  Johnson. 


REPORT  OF  SERGT.  THOMPSON. 


Serg'  Thompson  of  the  Rhode  Island  rcg«  Went  down  the  Lake  yesterday  with  a  Battoe  &  4  Men 
between  6  &  7  a  Clock  in  tlie  Evening  rowed  ab>  4  hours  came  to  a  little  Island  ab*  8  miles  oif  halted 
struck  up  a  little  Fire  &  eat  some  victuals  when  Connor  in  his  Battoe  joined  them,  then  set  off  & 
stopped  at  a  httle  Islam!  abt  one  Mile  on  t'  is  side  the  first  Narrows,  there  went  ashoar  &  recon- 
noitred it,  thus  went  round  it  twice  in  a  Battoe  by  w^  time  it  was  ab*  Sunrise,  thus  supposed 
were  discovered  by  the  Enemy,  for  immediately  a  large  white  Flag  was  hoisted  on  a  point  of  the 
Main  Land  on  the  East  side  of  the  Lake  from  hence  not  above  a  Mile  from  where  we  were  k  is  one 
of  the  points  of  Land  w«»»  makes  the  narrows  w^""  did  not  seem  to  me  to  be  above  40  yards  wide,  the 
Flag  continued  flying  till  we  were  out  of  sight.  Connor  thinks  the  Flag  was  7  or  8  Miles  from  the 
Island  where  they  discovered  it. 

They  say  that  to  the  Northwaid  of  the  S^  White  Flag,  they  discovered  a  large  Smoak  w<i<  appeared 
to  be  a  IfUe  k»g> 


m' 


|_. 


tOVMHAUf  Of  •!&  WM.   JOBNBON'a  tQOUTf. 


181 


REPORT  OF  THE  SCOUTS  TO  SOUTH  BAY.     ' 

Lake  george  November  y«  IS""  1755  tl.en  set  out  a  Scout  with  two  of  y«  Mohawk  oflBcers  and  two 
of  their  Indians  and  three  of  my  men  went  towards  y«  Soutli  Bay  to  See  what  Descovery  we  Could 
make  of  an  army  Comming  against  us  and  traveled  about  East  South  East  til  we  came  where  our 
advance  guard  goes  and  finding  (heir  Camps  But  no  body  there  we  Stil  Stered  about  y«  Same  Course 
til  night  Came  on  &  we  Lookt  out  tor  a  Cunveuiant  Place  to  Camp  and  tliere  Campt  y"  Next  morning 
we  Sent  out  three  Scouts  &  when  they  Returned  one  of  them  thought  he  saw  a  smoak  &  a  uother 
heard  a  gun  &  then  we  set  out  toward  where  they  thought  they  see  tiie  Smoak  and  heard  y*  gun  and 
tliere  we  Stopt  and  Sent  out  Scouts  to  see  what  Descovery  tliey  Could  make  wlio  Returned  and  made 
no  Descovery  and  then  we  set  out  about  y°  same  Course  and  traveled  til  Sun  about  one  hour  high 
and  there  we  Left  a  party  and  went  to  y*  South  Bay  to  see  what  Discovery  we  Could  make  and 
marcht  about  two  miles  Down  y«  Bay  &  made  no  Discovery  of  y*  Euimy  tliat  was  new.  But  Saw 
a  Large  Body  of  Ducks  and  gees  and  tlien  we  Returned  to  y^  party  and  Lookt  out  a  Conveniant 
place  to  Camp  and  as  Soon  as  Day  Light  appeard  we  Set  out  to  y«  Bay  again  with  a  party  to  see 
what  Descovery  we  Could  make  nnd  marcht  Down  y'  Bay  about  three  miles  and  saw  no  Enimy  but 
saw  Large  Incampments  where  they  Landed  their  Battos  and  then  we  Returned  to  y«  party  and  found 
all  well  and  then  we  set  out  back  again  to  y«  Came  house  and  marcht  til  about  Sun  about  one  hour 
high  and  then  we  Came  upon  another  Large  incampment  that  y*  Enimy  liad  maid  and  then  we 
marcht  about  half  a  mile  &  Came  upon  ye  tract  of  four  Enimy  wlilch  we  supposed  to  be  going  to 
fourt  Edward  and  then  we  marcht  homeward  about  three  miles  where  we  incampt  that  night  next 
morning  we  Set  out  home  to  our  Camp  and  found  all  well. 

Israel  Putnam  Cap'. 

(Endorsed)    Report  of  Cap'  Putnam  &  Comp»  Stephen  Schuyler. 

Scout  to  South  Bay. 


LIEUT.  WATERBURY'S  REPORT. 

November  the  15  Day  A  D  1755. 
Set  out  on  a  Gout  In  a  Botto  By  his  honers  orders  Jeneral  Jonson  his  honers  borders  Was  for 
three  Battos  and  twenty  for  Men  Bot  When  Came  to  Be  Redy  to  Go  one  third  Decliud  to  proseed 
and  So  I  Set  of  With  2  Battos  and  16  men  a  Bout  seuen  a  Clock  at  Night  and  proseded  til  I  came  a 
Boue  the  first  Naros  and  stoped  on  a  Island  for  to  Rest  and  Coming  to  Examin  of  tiio  popel  What 
prouison  the  liad  I  found  Scasity  for  one  lialf  for  tiie  tim  I  Desined  to  Be  Gon  so  I  tiiot  proper  to 
Send  Back  one  Batto  and  half  of  the  Men  and  take  the  other  prouison  and  So  prosed  Not  With 
Standing  I  had  Bot  one  third  of  the  Streugh  perposed  By  his  honer  on  the.  16  Day  of  Instant  I 
lay  Stil  til  Sonset  and  then  I  Set  out  lor  a  Dis  Couery  and  Did  prosed  as  far  as  tlie  Naros  Whar  the 
advansed  party  Lay  the  Night  Being  uery  Liglit  I  Sopos  tliey  Discouer  us  forst  for  We  Was  Betwen 
tlie  Moon  and  they  and  I  sopos  a  Bout  tluee  quartor  of  a  Mild  Distaus  When  forst  Discouered  Bov 
us  We  Lay  a  Spel  to  Consider  Wiiat  was  Best  Bot  they  Son  Let  us  Noy  they  Was  a  Wake  By  fiering 
a  Larem  Gon  and  tlie  other  party  auserd  them  and  It  Was  the  Genend  uote  of  the  popel  to 
Retorn.  (jr  B«i^  ditlQouwed  ai)4  (p(.  Want  of  jjiyivisoa  foi;  We  Iwd,  Not  any  a^  «i]L  S«.W«  S^ 


iH 


jooiiALB  or  sia  WM.  joRsten't  aeom. 


torn  d  With  sped  and  Mad  No  other  Dlsoouery  of  Enymy  and  We  Got  In  on  the  17  Day  a  Bout  12 
a  Clock  To  the  onrabel  Jenerael  Jonson  £squire  Commander  and  Chef  of  the  army  at  Luke  Gorg 
this  Cout  proseded  By  David  Wuterbery  L*. 
(Endorsed)    Report  of  Lieut  Waterbury  of  the 

f  Enemy  at  the  Narrows.    17  Nov.  <  ''     '-'   '"       ■  i  .  ■,  ' 


^>t.1-   r.l^Jji-i' 


■■''r'     V 


''H. 


^'  '    '        :  ORDERS  TO  LIEUT.  RODGERS.    •  V  ;      ,.    ,, 

You  are  to  proceed  with  the  party  under  your  command  to  Tiondorogo  in  order  view  the  posture 
ft  strength  of  the  Enemy  as  distinctly  as  you  possibly  can.  If  you  find  the  Enemy  a  considerable 
Body  you  are  to  dispatch  Two  of  your  party  hither  with  an  ace*  &  proceed  with  the  rest  to  Crown 
Point  where  you  are  to  make  all  the  discoveries  you  can  &  if  possible  to  take  a  Prisoner. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  16  day  of  Nov'  at  y*  Camp  at  Lake  George  1 755. 

(Endorsed)  Orders  to  Lieu<  Rodgers  16  Nov  1755. 


''I'lK 


REPORTS  OF  UEVV*  RODGERS  &  CLAUS. 

By  Orders  of  the  Honi>i*  Major  General  Johnson  Lieut*  Rodgers  &  Claus  made  the  following  Dis- 
coveries at  Diontarogo  k  Crown  Point. 

1755  Nov'  16*>i  In  the  Evening  sat  oflf  in  a  Battoe  with  2  Mohawk  Ind*  and  one  of  the  New- 
hampshire  Men,  came  that  Night  ns  far  as  the  large  Bay  of  the  Lake,  att  12  or  14  miles  from  the 
Camp  where  we  Lay  tliat  Night. 

17Ui  Travelled  on,  discovered  nothing. 

18i>>  Ditto,  heard  3  Canon  fired  ab*  2  or  3  o  Clock  afternoon. 

19th  ab*  4  in  the  afternoon  came  where  the  french  advanced  Guard  keeps,  Lieu**  Rodgers  &  Claus 
with  an  Indian  went  on  top  of  a  mountain  opposite  the  Diontorogo  Camp,  where  they  discovered 
at  the  foot  of  it  the  french  advance  Guard,  seen  them  walk  upon  the  Beech  judged  their  Number  ab* 
40  or  50. 

Observed  the  Smoke  of  Diandorogo  Camp  to  be  at  the  same  Place  Cap*  Rodgers  discovered  it, 
but  the  Ind"*  said  it  was  then  not  to  be  compared  to  the  smoke  he  seen  when  there  a  few  Days  before, 
heard  frequent  firing  of  Guns  &  Drums  beating  staid  till  dark,  &  then  went  hack  to  our  Company. 

HO*^  Early  in  the  morning  all  of  us  went  further  down  towards  Diondarago  ab'  2  miles  from  where 
we  encampd  and  coming  to  a  mountain  opposite  the  Camp  went  up  &  laying  there  a  little  while 
heanl  a  Gun  near  us  tried  to  come  up  to  it  but  found  it  to  be  at  the  advance  Gnard. 

Heudrick  the  Indian  with  Lieu*  Claus  went  upon  an  Eminence  of  the  Mountain  to  view  the  french 
Camp,  but  the  Ind"  was  surprised  to  find  such  an  alteration  for  he  said  the  smoke  he  seen  when 
there  last  was  much  lai^er  and  he  could  not  but  thinck  the  greatest  part  marchd  off  for  Want  of 
Provisions,  Ab»  noon  sat  off  for  Crown  point ; 

21*  Ab*  3  o  Clock  afternoon  came  within  fair  Prospect  of  Crown  Point  Fort  and  the  adjacent 
Plantations,  but  could  make  no  remarkable  Discovery  as  the  Place  seemed  quite  desolate  to  us  we 
could  observe  no  smoke  in  the  Fort  or  neighbouring  houses  tho'  we  staid  till  dark,  saw  no  Body 
•lirriog,  no  Cnft  upon  the  Lake,  beard  only  2  or  3  Guns  fired  in  the  Woods  over  the  Lake,  We 


JODKMALII  or  IIR  WM.   JOHSMM'B   KOTTTS. 


f83 


thought  to  intercept  a  Prisoner  there  or  burn  their  Grain  but  seeing  no  house  inhabited,  &  no  staclc 
w*>>  Grain  (wliich  article  Henry  the  Indian  observed  to  I)e  too  precious  to  the  french  as  to  leave  it 
upon  stacks :)  we  returned  at  Dark  a  little  ways  &  encamped. 

22'  Weather  &  Scarcity  of  Provisions  would  not  permit  us  to  lay  by  any  longer,  wherefore  took  to 
our  Retour,  had  an  other  view  upon  an  eminent  Rock  of  a  Mountain  of  Diondaroga,  heard  firing  of 
Guns  &  Cutting  of  Wood,  &  seen  some  smokes  on  the  other  side  of  Lake  Champlain,  when  the  old 
Indian  was  convinced  of  the  Enemy's  marching  backward  as  he  said  the  smokeofy*  Camp  was  higher 
up  the  Lack  when  he  saw  it  last,  as  also  the  firing  &  beating  of  Drums ; 

23,  24,  25»>  Travelled  homewards  under  great  deal  of  hardships  suffered  by  y  severity  of  the 
"Weather. 

^  ^  Which  is  Report  of  your  Honours  Most  Obedient  humble  Servants 

Richard  Rodgers 

To  The  Hono>>i«  M^jor  General  Johnson.  ,       ,  Dan'-  Claus. 


REPORT  OP  CAP'  FALES  UPON  EASTERN  SCOUT. 

Monday  Novemlter  y«  17>'>  AD  1755. 
I  marched  with  a  parte  of  men  from  these  Camps  and  Went  on  y'  Wagon  Rod  about  3  miles  and 
then  tornd  to  y*  East  and  marched  about .  7  .  miles  then  touien  to  y«  Northerd  of  the  Est  and 
marched  about .  20  .  miles  and  thar  in  Cnmpt  and  a  Bout  Daylitin  I  herd  a  Bout .  21  .  grat  gones 
fird  a  Bout  North  from  us  .  in  y*  moring  I  marched  to  the  Nortli  .4  or  |  5  miles  and  then  torned 
and  mad  homard  Rangen  y*  Woods  But  Dident  Discouer  an  thing  at  al. 

Eliphalet  Fales  Capt. 


ORDERS  TO  CAPT  RODGERS 

Fort  W"  Henry  29*  Jan-r  1756. 

Sr    You  are  Hereby  Ordered  to  March  the  Partey  Under  your  Command  y"  nighest  And  Best 

way  you  Can  to  Crown  Point  There  Take  a  View  of  that  Fortress  &  out  works  &  make  niiiinets  of 

the  Same  if  you  meet  Indieans  or  any  Eiieiny  in  your  way  you  are  to  take  them  Prisoners  or  Kill  them 

or  distress  tliem  any  other  ways  or  Means  your  Prudence  shall  direct  you  are  to  take  Good  Care 

of  your  men  and  not  Expose  tliem  too  much  you  are  to  use  all  Immaginable  Protection  not  to  Loos 

a  man  if  it  should  Snow  you  are  to  Return  Imedintly  to  this  Fort  if  you  Discover  any  Large  Body 

of  the  Enemy  you  are  to  send  off  of  the  most  Active  of  your  men  with  Intelligence  to  me  as  Soon 

as  you  Can  Preforme  this  Scoute  you  are  to  Return  to  this  Fort  with  yuur  Partey  I  heartily  wish 

you  success. 

And  am  Sr  your  Hum<>>«  Servant 

To  Cap*  Rob*  Rotgera.  B  Gleabieb. 


J    i 


m 


)60KKALS  or  Bill  WM.  JOHNBOI)*!  BfiOmTft. 


1    (• 


\:> 


CAPT  ROGERS'  REPORT 

Fort  Wm  Henry  Jan'y  y«  20*  1756. 
Set  out  with  a  Partey  of  fifty  men  with  Orders  to  Look  Into  Crown  Point  &  the  Advance  Battreys 
that  is  Built  Round  it  the  first  Day  we  n]ari>«i  Down  the  Lake  George  aboute  £ighten  Miles  & 
Camp*'  so  we  Procee<i  by  the  west*''  of  the  Create  Mountains  And  Continue  our  March  until  tlie  2*> 
of  Feb'^  than  Clamb'"'  up  a  greate  Mounton  to  the  west"*  of  Crown  Point  about  one  Mile  &  Gave 
it  tlie  name  of  Ogdens  Mount  there  we  took  a  Particular  View  of  the  s<)  Fort  &  the  Uidouts  that  is 
Built  Round  it&  a  Plan  of  the  Same  we  Laide  there  untell  the  Evening  tlien  went  Down  the  Mounten 
marixi  tiirough  a  small  Village  Aboute  half  a  mile  ftom  the  Fort  to  the  Suthor<>  there  we  Laide  in 
Ambusli  iipon  each  side  of  tlie  Roade  that  leads  from  the  Fort  tlirotigli  Su*)  Village  tliere  «ve  Laide 
Uutill  about  nine  of  the  Clock  in  Mori  and  there  Came  Along  one  Frencli  man  which  we  took 
Prisoner  &  2  more  were  upon  the  Roade  Accomming  towards  us  but  Discoverd  our  Ambush  &  made 
a  Speedy  Escape  to  the  Fort  &  some  of  my  men  pursued  them  williin  Gun  Shoot  of  the  Fort  but 
could  not  overtake  them  So  we  Being  Discouerd  thought  it  needles  to  waite  any  Longer  for  Prisoners 
but  Imedently  set  fire  to  the  Barns  &  Houses  where  was  abundance  of  wlteat  &  other  Graiens  &  we 
KillJ  there  Cattle,  Horses  and  Hoogs  in  Number  Aboute  fifty  Left  none  Living  in  s""  Village  to  our 
knowledge  aboute  11  o'clock  we  march'i  Home  ward  Lcviiig  tJie  Village  on  fire  tlie  5"'  Ins'  In  the 
Morning  one  of  our  men  was  taken  Sick  so  I  stooped  with  Seven  men  &  sent  the  Rest  Home  with  Capm 
Cushinn  &  Liev'  Ogden  they  Ari-J  at  our  Fort  Aboute  6  In  tlie  Evening  &  I  got  Home  the  next 
Day  Aboute  4  o'clock  In  y«  afternoon  with  the  Remainder  of  my  Partey  A  true  Account  by  your 
Humble  Servant.  Robert  Rodoers. 

Witnesses 

Seth  Cusiiino. 


It ;; 


i 


JOURNAL  OF  A  SCOUT 

From  Fort  William  Henry  down  into  Lake  Champlain  pursuant  to  an  order  from  his  Excellency 
Major  General  Shirley  to  Captin  Robert  Rogers— as  followeth— viz'. 

June  y*  20">  1756  Set  out  with  a  party  of  fifty  men  in  five  Whale  Boats  k  Proceeded  at 
ab*  twenty  miles  to  an  Island  in  Lake  George  were  we  encamped  y«  next  day  went  five  miles 
farther  Down  y*  Lake  and  there  landed,  hailed  out  our  Boats  ashore  and  carried  them  over  a 
Mountain  about  six  miles  to  South  Bay  whare  we  arrived  y«  3'd  July  in  the  afternoon  and  y«  Same 
evening  went  down  y«  Lake  at  about  six  miles  Distance  from  y"  Forts. 

July  y*  4^  towards  morning  we  hailed  up  y«  Boats  on  the  East  side  of  the  Lake  &  Concealed  them 
&  lay  by  uutill  Evening,  then  set  Out  again  &  Passed  by  Tiantiroga  fe  found  we  were  not  Discovered 
by  being  so  near  y«  Enemy  as  to  hear  y«  Senterys  Watch  word.  We  judged  from  the  number  of 
their  fires  they  had  a  body  of  about  two  thousand  men,  &  y»  y«  Lake  in  this  Place  to  be  about 
30  »oing  loaded  Scvcnty  Rods— Coutiuucd  on  till  Day  light  about  five  miles  from  y«  Fort,  then  hailed 
Ti,'r.,'"m4',r',t','"  up  y«  Boats  &  Concealed  all  day  on  y"  Same  Shore  and  discovered  Sundry  Battoes, 
IiTJn,,'«"'ih!.i,n,'>'.';  Loaded  and  unloaded  which  ware  Comeing  &  going  upon  y*  lake— in  y«  Evening  of 
?rom'Tlo!iIaor"|u  ye  fifth  Day  Put  of  again  &  attempted  to  Pass  by  Crownpoint  But  thought  it  impru- 
dent to  Pursue  tills  Intention  by  Reason  of  the  Clearness  &.  light  of  the  Night,  so  hailed  up  y 


if    ( 


iOVKMAM  OP  ■»  WM.  JOHMMK't  MOUTC. 


IM 


Mof  ihmnMlIng 
BoQU  rmply  aiid 
Kouig  Nunhwini 
3  loiulcd  going 
Ui  Ticoiidorogo 


Boats  again  8t  Lay  Concealed  all  Day  being  of  6*^  Currant,  this  Day  near  one  hnn- 
dred  Boats  Passed  us  Seaven  of  Whioh  Came  very  [near]  us  and  asked  to  land  at  the 
Point  Where  we  lay  but  their  officer  went  farther  on  &  Landed  about  25  Rods  from  us 
Where  they  Dined  in  our  View  But  did  not  think  it  advisable  to  Attack  them  in  the  Situation 
we  were  in  About  9  in  y*  Evening  Set  out  again  Passed  y*  fort  at  Crownpoint  &  went  ten  miles 
from  it  Down  y*  Lake  &  hailed  up  y*  Boats  about  brake  of  Day. 

July  7^  ubout  10  in  y*  Mom.  33  Boats  Passed  towards  Cauda  also  a  Light  Schooner  of  about 
supoMpanofthow  35  or  40  tuns — Set  out  again  in  y*  Evening  &  went  15  miles  farther  Down  and 
.w..ih«d.y  before,  wcut  ashore  about  1  oClock  a.  ra.  upon  a  Point  on  y«  East  Side  of  &  Immediately 
Sent  a  party  farther  Down  the  Lake  for  Discovery,  who  Saw  a  Schooner  at  Anchor  Some  Distance 
from  y«  Shore  about  a  mile  from  us  And  upon  this  Intelligence  lightned  our  Boats  &  prepared  to 
Board  them  but  were  prevented  about  3  of  y«  Clock  by  two  Lighters  Coming  up  the  Lake  who  we 
found  intended  to  Land  in  y'  Place  Where  we  Were  which  Vessels  we  fired  upon  immediately  and 
afterwards  hailled  them  &  offered  them  Quarters  if  they  would  Come  ashore  which  they  said  they 
would  Comply  with  but  Instead  thereof  put  off  in  their  Boats  to  y'  opposit  Shore  but  we  followed 
tliem  in  our  Boats  &  Intercepted  them  &  after  taking  them  found  twelve  men  three  of  which  were 
killed  &  two  wounded  one  of  the  wounded  Could  not  March  therefore  put  an  end  to  hini  to  Prevent 
Discovery — as  soon  as  y"  prisners  were  Secure  we  employed  our  Selves  in  Destroying  &  Sinking 
Vesels  and  Cargoes — Which  was  Chiefly  Wheat  &  flour  Rice  Wine  &  Brandy  excepting  Some  few 
Casks  of  Brandy  &  Wine  which  we  hid  in  very  secure  Places  with  our  Whale  boats  at  Some  Distance 
on  y*  opposite  Shore  the  Prisners  informed  y*  about  five  hundred  men  of  which  they  were  foremost, 
were  on  their  Passage  at  about  two  Legs  Distance  which  occasioned  us  to  set  forward  on  our  Return 
y«  Morning  of  the  Si""  Currant  &  persued  our  March  till  y«  12ih  Where  we  arrived  on  the  West 
Side  of  Lake  George  about  twenty  five  miles  from  Fort  Wil™  Henry  &  Sent  Lieut  Rogers  to  said 
fort  for  Battoes  &  Provisions  to  Carry  us  by  water  the  14'i>  in  y«  evening  y«  Lieu'  Returned  to  us 
with  thirty  men  and  ten  Battoes  &  y*  15""  at  two  of  the  Clock  we  arrived  safe  With  all  my  Party  & 
Prisners  at  Fort  WA'^  Henry.  Robert  Rogers. 

To  Sir  Wil"  Jolmson. 


:i 


]l 


CORNELIUS  CUTLER'S  CALCUUTION  OF  THE  DISTANCE 

FROM  ALBANY  TO  CROWN  POINT. 

From  Albany  to  Still  Water 22  mills 

from  Still  Water  to  Sarichtoge 14 

from  Sarichtoge  to  the  Great  Carrying  Place    --------    14 

from  the  Carxying  Place  a  Cross  to  Wood  Creek --10 

from  the  Wood  Creek  Down  to  the  forks        -.--.---6 
from  the  forks  to  the  Little  falls  Being  the  end  of  the  Wood  Creek        -        -        -        24 
from   the  Little  falls   to  the  Narrows  in   the  Drowned  Lands,  where  2  hills  are 
opposite  one  another       -----------9 

from  the  Narrows  to  Tjondaroge  where  Lake  S'Sacrama  falls  into  the  River  >        -        21 
from  Tjondaroge  to  Crown  point 15 


185 


Vol.  IV. 


24 


xin. 


P  -'   1   E  R  S 


BELATINO    PRINCIPALLY    TO    THE 


CONVERSION  AND  CIVILIZATION 


OF  THE 


SIX     NATIONS     OF     INDIANS, 


INTEBSPEBSED    WITH 


VLetttvt^ 


ON  OTHER  SUBJECTS  OP  PUBLIC  INTEREST. 


1642-1776. 


/ 1  /. 


w 


r.':v.,-AV:  K  , 


(■T     .;■' 


\U-^,f 


111  <  r » 


EARLY  MISSIONARIES  AMONG  THE  IROQUOIS 

IN  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 

Jesuits. 

Pavl  Raouenead.  Arrived  in  Canada  28  June  1636;  Superior  from  1650  to  1653;  sent  to  Onondaga 
26  July  1657;  left  20  March  1658;  died  at  Paris  3  Sept.  1680. 

Isaac  Jogues  born  in  France,  1607;  arrived  in  Canada  2<>  July  li,36;  prisoner  among  the  Mohawks 
from  Aug.  1642  to  Aug.  1643;  sent  a  missionary  to  the  same  tribe  in  1646  and  killed,  (at 
Caughnawaga  as  is  supposed),  18  Oct.  of  the  same  year. 

Fas.  Jos:  Lemercier.  Arrived  in  Canada  20  July  1035;  Superior  from  1653  to  1656;  sent  to  Onon- 
daga May  17  of  the  latter  year;  remained  there  until  20  March  1658;  died  in  the  West  Indies. 

Fas.  DupERRON.  Arrived  in  Canada  between  1636  and  1638;  returned  to  France  Aug.  23  1650; 
came  out  a  second  time,  was  missionary  at  Onondaga  from  1657  to  1658,  and  again  returned 
to  France  6  Sept.  1658;  arrived  for  the  third  time  in  Canada  June  30  1665,  and  died  at  Fort 
S«  Louis,  Chambly  the  10  Nov.  following. 

Simon  le  Movne.  Arrived  in  Canada  about  1638,  when  he  was  sent  to  the  Hurons;  sent  to  Onon- 
daga 2  July  1654;  arrived  at  the  Mohawks  16  Sept  1655;  remained  there  until  9  Nov.  of 
same  year;  sent  thither  again  in  1656;  returned  5  Nov.  same  year;  went  to  the  Mohawks  a 
third  time  26  Aug.  i657,  and  returned  to  Quebec  May  21  1658;  sent  to  Onondaga  2  July  1661, 
returned  to  Quebec  Sept  15,  1662;  sent  on  30  July  1663  to  the  Senecas,  but  remained  at 
Montreal.    Died  at  Cape  de  la  Magdeleine  in  Canada  24  Nov.  1665. 

Francois  Joseph  Bressani.  A  native  of  Rome;  arrived  in  Canada  in  1642  [1638?];  prisoner  among 
the  Mohawks  from  Ap'l  30,  to  19  Aug.  1644;  left  for  Europe  Nov  2, 1650;  died  at  Florence 
9  Sept.  1672. 

Pierre  Joseph  Mary  Chaumonot.  Bom  near  Chatillon  sur  Seine  ;  entered  at  Rome  in  1632;  arrived 
in  Canada  1  Aug  1639.  Sent  to  Onondaga  Sept  19,  1655,  abandoned  it  March  20,  1658. 
Founded  Lorette,  and  died  at  Quebec  21  February  1693. 

Joseph  Anthony  Poncet.  Arrived  in  Canada  1  Aug  1639;  prisoner  among  the  Iroquois  from  Aug 
20  to  Oct  3,1652;  started  for  Onondaga  28  Aug  1657,  but  recalled  at  Montreal ;  left  Canada 
18">  Sept  1657;  died  at  Martinique  18  June  1675. 

Rene  Menard.  Arrived  in  Canada  July  8, 1640;  was  a  missionary  with  Lemercier  at  Onondaga 
from  1656  to  1658,  and  afterwards  among  the  Cayugas.  Is  said  to  have  died  in  the  woods 
near  Lake  Superior  in  Aug.  1661. 

JvLiEN  Garnier.  Was  born  in  1643;  arrived  in  Canada  27  Oct  1662;  was  ordained  Ap'l  1666;  sent 
to  the  Mohawks  May  17, 1668;  passed  to  Onondaga,  thence  to  Seneca;  on  the  mission  until 
1683.  He  appears  to  have  been  one  of  the  Missionaries  sent  to  the  Cantons  in  1702.  « In 
sUvis  apud  Iroquois."  Catal.  1703. 


H 


i't 


m 

I'li 

Hi 


190 


PAPEM    RBLATIMO   TO   THE    111   NATIOMI. 


Claude  Dablon .  Arrived  ia  Canada  16&5  when  he  proceeded  to  Onondaga,  and  continued  there  a 
few  years.  He  labored  afterwards  among  the  tribes  of  the  Upper  lakes,  and  was  Superior 
from  1670  to  1603.     The  date  of  his  decease  is  not  known;  he  was  still  alive  in  1694. 

Jacques  Fremin.  Was  missionary  at  Onondaga  from  1656  to  1658;  sent  tu  tlie  Mohawks  in  July, 
166'  it'ft  there  10  Oct.,  1668  for  Seneca,  where  he  remained  a  few  years.  He  died  at  Que- 
bec 20  July,  1(591. 

Pierre  Rafeix.  Arrived  in  Canada  22  Sept  1063;  cliaplain  in  Courceiles'  expedition  in  1665 ; 
sent  to  Cayuga  In  1671;  tlience,  on  Curheils'  return,  to  Seneca  where  he  was  in  1670.  He  was 
in  Quebec  in  1702-3  though  in  an  infirm  state  of  health. 

Jaqucs  Bhuyas.  Arrived  Aug.  3,  1666.  Sent  to  the  Mohawks,  July  1667,  &  to  the  Oneidas  in 
Sept.  where  he  spent  1  years;  tlience  he  returned  to  the  Moliawks  in  1672,  and  was  at 
Onondaga  in  1670,  in  1700  nnd  1701.     He  was  still  alive  in  1703,  at  Fort  St  Louis. 

Stiemnk  de  Cauieil.  Arrived  in  Canada  6  Aug.  1666;  sent  to  Cayuga  1068 — absent  in  1671,  3 ; 
returned  and  remained  until  1684.  Died  at  Quebec  July  1726.  He  is  said  to  have  spoken 
the  In>quois  better  thim  liis  own  language. 

FiERBE  MiLET.  Was  sent  witli  de  Carlieil  to  Cayuga;  left  in  1684;  was  at  Niagara  in  1688  ; 
taken  prisoner  nt  Caturacouy  in  16S9  and  remained  in  captivity  until  Octol)er  1694.  He  was 
alive  in  1701  and  Charlevoix,  wlio  came  in  1705,  says  that  he  lived  several  years  with  liim. 

JsAM  PiERRON.  Arrived  in  Canada  27  June  1667;  sent  tc  the  Mohawks  the  following  month; 
returned  to  Quebec  and  arrived  again  among  the  Mohawks  7  Oct.  1668;  left  in  1070  and 
was  sent  to  the  Senecas  atUr  1672,3  where  he  still  was  in  1679. 

Jbak  de  Lamberville.  Arrived  probably  in  1668.  At  Onondaga  in  1671, 2;  leA  it  and  was  sent  to 
Niagara  in  16S7;  at  La  prairie  in  1690  and  in  France  in  1699. 

Francois  Boniface.  Sent  tu  tlie  Mohawks  in  1668,  9;  laboring  there  after  1673;  died  at  Quebec  17 
Dec.  1674. 

Frs.  Vaillant  de  Gueslis;  arrived  prior  to  1674.  Succeeded  Father  Boniface  among  the  Mohawks 
about  1674;  accompanied  tlie  expedition  against  the  Senecas  in  1687;  on  the  31  Deo.  of  that 
year  was  sent  to  New  York  and  to  tlie  Senecas  in  1703,  4. 

Jacques  de  Lamberville.  Among  the  Mohawks  in  1675-8;  subsequently  at  Onondaga  which 
place  he  left  in  1686.  At  Montreal  iu  1700,  again  among  the  Iro<]Uois  in  1703,  and  at  Onon- 
daga in  Sept  1708.  He  was  at  Cayuga  in  1709,  whence  he  iled  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  war. 

Pierre  de  Mareuil.  At  Onondaga  in  June  1709,  wlien  he  surrendered  himself  to  the  English  in 
conseriuence  of  war  breaking  out  between  the  latter  and  the  French,  and  came  to  Albany 
where  tlie  government  caused  every  attention  to  be  paid  to  him,  ae  appears  by  Journ. 
Ass.  i.,  255. 

Jacques  D'Heu  was  a  Missionary  among  the  Onondagas  in  1708 ;  and  in  1709  among  the  Senecas ; 
i:  said  to  have  been  drowned  in  1728. 

Anthony  Gordon,  founded  St  Regis  in  1769,  with  a  Colony  irom  Sault  St.  Louis. 

StUpitians. 
Francis  Picquet.     Came  to  America  in  1733;  founded  Oswegatchie  iu  1748;;  abandoiiied  that  place 

in  1760,  and  died  in  France  15  July  1781. 
Pierre  Paul  Frs.  de  la  Garde.    Succeeded  Abb^  Picquet  at  Oswegatchie;  died  at  Montreal 

April  4  1784. 

*,*  We  are  lndebt«d  to  th«  poUteneia  ol         Jobv  0.  Sbia    Eiq.  for  the  preceding  list.    Ed 


t! 


MnM   HBLATIM«   TO  THK  MX    MATIOm. 


REV«>  M*   IIARTWICK  TO  SIR  W>«  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir,  May  it  please  Your  Honour. 

Hei*  i  malte  boUl  to  coinmuiiicate  to  Your  Honour  a  Project  for  the  better  peopling  gov- 
erning and  defending  of  tlie  Limits  of  North  America,  wicli  i  leave  to  Your  Honf  Wisdom  niid 
Discretion,  if  you  could  aprove  of  it  Sir,  or  devise  any  better,  i  conceive  it  would  be  more  tnkon 
Notice  of,  if  proposed  to  his  Majesty,  by  Way  of  an  Advice  of  tlie  Indians.  I  have  thought  Sir 
that  it  would  be  more  for  the  goml  of  the  Plantations  in  the  present  Circi<mstanci<s,  if  the  Cost, 
wicli  must  be  spent  to  tlie  Carrying  on  of  a  War,  were  imployed  for  transiK)rting  settlers,  and  pro- 
viding for  them  for  one  year  at  least,  besides  purchasing  ("f  Inipleukents  and  Cattle  and  tliat  a  Circling 
Line  might  be  improved  aud  at  convenient  Places  and  Distances  Furls  and  Towns  erected  and  u 
Borroagli  Grave  or  Guard  a  limit  settled  at  Camp  Johnson,  at  Oswego,  ai  Lake  Erie  and  at  r.jiio, 
wich  Borroagh  Graves  should  be  immedi  tes  that  is  independents  of  the  Respective  Ooverments 
but  only  depending  on  his  Majesty's  Orders,  and  only  accountable  to  him.  To  wliom  a  District  sufli- 
cient  for  its  own  Defence  should  be  granted  and  assigned,  with  Power  suvKciont  lor  tlie  Defence 
thereof,  wich  at  set  Times  should  be  subject  to  a  Visitation  of  a  Commission  of  hi<)  Majesty,  whose 
Power  must  be  more  extensive  in  the  Beginning  in  order  to  make  Tryal  and  subject  to  Limitations 
from  his  Majesty  as  occasion  should  offer.  This  i  conceive  is  tlie  Method,  by  wich  the  German 
Emperors  have  preserved  their  Extensive  Territories  against  the  Incursions  of  the  Bar'y\rians,  in 
former  Times  You  know  Sir,  it  doth  not  signify,  to  claim  and  even  conquer  large  Territories,  if 
yoii  can  not  keep  them,  and  you  cannot  keep  them  except  you  can  settle  them,  and  that  it  will 
cost  less  to  settle  and  improve  them  tlien  in  process  of  time  it  will  cost  the  king  and  Country  to 
erect  Forts  keep  them  in  Repair  and  maintain  Garrisons  at  so  great  a  Distance  I'rom  the  Settlements 
It  will  indeed  cost  more  in  the  Beginning  and  at  once,  but  these  Costs  will  lessen  and  dctermiae  and 
instead  thereof  the  Income  of  the  Country  will  increase  and  the  Costs  and  Troubles  of  Ware  will  be 
spared.  But  then  i  would  also  advise  Tliat  such  Borrough  Graves  or  Guard  a  limits  must  settle 
first  in  the  Fixt  Line  one  towards  the  other,  and  that  in  defensible  Towns,  so  that  the  settling 
must  begin  at  tuelr  respective  Residences  and  so  roimd  about  and  extending  flrst  and  principally 
88  much  as  possible  from  the  Residence  of  one  Borrough  Grave  to  the  other  and  to  secure  the  Com- 
munication of  the  Burggraves  with  one  another  Forts  must  be  erected  at  convenient  Places  and 
proper  Distances  between  them,  tnd  a  Correspondence  by  Post  and  express  kept.  If  the  Crown 
would  resolve  upon  this  Method  it  would  be  advisc-able  to  listen  at  present  to  the  Proposals  of  the 
French  Carl  for  an  accommodation,  on  Condition  that  the  Forts  errected  on  the  kings  Territories  be 
immediately  demolished.  And  if  then  this  Method  was  immediately  put  in  Execution,  we  would 
gain  upon  Canada  insensibly  so  that  they  would  be  obliged  to  be  in  ft'ar  of  us  in  place  that  we  must 
now  be  in  fear  of  them.  If  Your  Honour  approves  of  my  scheme  and  promoteth  a  Subscription  of  the 
Indians  to  the  Inclosed  Petition  i  shall,  God  willing  undertake  a  Voyage  to  England  and  promote  the 
scheme,  with  all  my  might.  I  wish  that  i  miglit  be  so  happy  to  speak  with  your  Honour  about  it, 
or  to  obtain  an  Answer  in  Writing  But  Circumstances  bid  nie  conclude  Recommending  Sir,  Your 
Honourable  Person,  House,  Office  and  circumstances  to  the  Divine  Favour  and  Protection,  and  my 
self  to  the  Continuation  of  yours  i  remain  with  all  possible  Respect. 

Honourable  Sir  Your  Honour 

most  obedient  Servant 

J.  C.  Hartwick. 

Staateborough  y*  18»>  Janury  1756. 


"IT 


I. 


Its 


MMM   KILITIMS  TO   THB   nX  HAttOMt. 


P.  S.  Since  according  to  hli  MiO^'^y  Initruotloni  a  Fund  for  an  Indefinite  Salary  for  the  Oovemor 
must  be  provided  Quarit  wether  not  this  scheme  might  be  improved  so  us  to  be  somctliiiig  subser- 
vient to  it,  in  sucli  Case  it  would  l)e  udvizable  tliut  such  Burggtaviates  must  l>«  subject  to  the 
Governors  and  a  Deputy  Governor  resident  in  tlie  Ciiief  liurgtown.  And  i  have  forgotten  in  the 
Letter  to  observe  that  the  Inlmhitants,  who  nuist  bo  obligd,  l)y  Turns  to  guard  the  Forts  and 
defend  the  Frontiers  must  be  exempt  from  taxes  and  from  bearing  u  sliare  in  the  Kxpcnses  iM-longiug 
to  the  Government  of  the  Provinces  to  wich  they  are  the  Barrier.  I  hope  Sir  you  will  improve  these 
Raw  Hints,  wich  to  Day  expecting  your  arrival  are  come  in  my  mind  und  that  you  will  pardon  my 
Freedom  and  immature  Patriotism  I  wish  you,  Honourable  Sir,  an  happy  New  Year  und  if  possible 
Peace,  if  not,  Victory  and  Success. 


I 


I 


REV.  MR  HARTWICK  TO  THE  MOHAWKS  OF  CANAJOHARE. 

Beloved  Brethren  ! 

Grace  be  unto  you,  and  Peace  from  God  our  Father  and  from  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

For  as  much  as  i  have  been  hindred  ibr  a  considerable  Time,  both  by  Keas«>n  of  Sickness  and 
your  absence  tit  see  your  Face  or  to  write  to  you,  und  as  i  apprehend,  you  might  be  concerned  or 
troubled  in  your  mind  about  it  as  i  am  :  i  could  not  forbear  imbracing  an  opportunity  of  Speaking 
to  you  in  Letters,  wich  i  expected  the  Honourable  General  Johnson,  would  give  me  if  i  or  a  Letter 
could  hit  him  at  his  Keturn  from  New  York.  Dear  Brethren,  i  at  the  same  Time  will  condole  and 
congratulate  you.  that  on  the  victory  obtained  by  you  ;  this  because  of  the  spilling  of  so  much  noble 
and  brave  Blood,  in  particular  that  of  our  Brotlier  Henry.  But  i  forbear,  saying  more  about  it, 
least  i  should  i>erhaps  mako  the  Wound,  wich  beginns  to  heal  soar  and  bleed  again.  Let  it  be  to 
your  Com{<)rt :  Tiiat  he  died  in  a  good  Cause  us  u  litithfull  allie  and  a  brave  Captain,  und  sleepetli 
on  the  Bed  of  Honour,  where  liis  Name  will  be  a  good  Savour,  us  long  us  a  Free  Englishman  and 
fkithful  Mohawk  remains  over  And  as  he  hath  been  your  Brother  your  Father  and  your  Captain,  it 
is  your  Duty  to  be  a  Guard  to  the  Bed  whereon  he  sleepcth.  That  no  perfidious  Frenchmen  may 
distnrbe  the  Rest  of  his  Bones,  and  nslies  :  And  if  tlie  French  and  their  Slaves  will  not  rest  satisfied 
witli  the  litle  Revenge  you  have  taken  from  them,  and  desist  from  their  Incroachments  and  cruel 
Ravages,  and  restore  what  tliey  have  unjustly  taken  ;  then  stand  up  for  your  and  your  Bretherns 
Right  and  revenge  the  dear  Bhxwl  so  unjustly  spilt  !  I  would  also  beseech  you,  Brethern  that  you 
would  not  suffer,  tliat  some,  who  are  unworthy  to  be  lookd  upon  by  you  as  Brethren  or  even  Men, 
because  they  are  more  cruel  than  Savni^e  Beasts,  might  spoil  the  Good  name  and  Fame  you  have 
of  late  purchased  with  your  bloinl.  Tliat  your  Heart  might  not  be  as  a  stone  but  be  moved  with 
Compassion  and  on  hearing  of  tlie  more  tlien  barbarous  Treatment  your  Brethren  the  English  in 
Pensylvania  &,  parts  adjacent  have  met  with. 

And  as  to  the  Cognawaghes  wlio  are  of  your  Blood,  let  them  know  that  it  would  have  been  100 
Times  better  for  tiiem,  to  have  accepted  your  Generous  offer  of  Peace  und  Friendship  then  to  Reject 
It  on  so  frivolous  Excuses  ;  as  ;  their  having  been  washd  with  the  same  Water  as  the  French  Since 
there  is  but  one  Baptism,  and  you  are  washd  with  the  same  Water  as  they.  Since  even  the  Papists 
do  not  even  repuptize  those  of  the  protistants  that  inibrare  their  superstitious  Way  of  Worship. 

I  let  you  know  also  beloved,  that  if  you  are  good  spiritual  Warriors  who  manfully  fight  under 
the  Banner  of  yoiu-  Chief  Captain  Jesus,  against  your  Spiritual  Enemies,  vidz'  wicked  Spirits  &  men 
as  also  your  own  bad  Inclinations  and  Habits  :  That  then  the  Great  God,  who  is  calld  Immanuel, 
that  is  to  say  :  God  with  ns  will  he  with  you  k  fight  your  Rnftle^. 


rM«M  «MwtTIH«>  T9  THK  aiX  VAJTMII- 


1»> 


Lastly  my  Brcthrtn,  f^t  my  teitn  be  wiixl  of,  fnr  the  D«Atli  of  my  Brother  Hrary,  by  a  letter  to 
Orrat  King  George,  wlch  t  beteech  you  to  lubscrlbe  in  my  Bclmlf,  Irit  i  might  Iuom  tlie  Fruit  of  ao 
mxny  ycnra'  toll,  Iroublu  niitl  ciiurgi-a.  And  i  assure  you,  m  suou  as  tli«  Lord  shall  euublc  uir,  yuu 
ahull  not  Had  uiti  ungratci'ull.  And  as  I  have  not  been  unmindful!  hitherto,  but  remembered  you 
at  the  Throne  of  Grace,  so  i  shall  In  Times  to  come. 

The  Lord  b«  with  you  ami  your  Love  witli  me,  wlio  am 
Beloved  Bretlu-en  your  Loving  Brother 

Servant  and  Intercessor  by  God 

JouM  CuKisTopuaa  HAarwicx. 
taatsborough  y*  15*  of  January  1756. 
(Addressed)    To  Abraham  Petersen,  Paulus  Petersen, 
NIclaa  and  the  Rest  of  the  Brethren  of 
ths  Mohawka  of  the  Castle  H  Canadshohare. 


tr 


PROPOSED  ADDRESS  TO  THE  KING  IN  FAVC?  OF  TH^  REV     M»  HARTWICK. 

To  the  Great  Sachem  of  the  BrIttish  Nation  George  the  Sec'^»>,     f  Great  Brittain,  France  and 
Ireland  King,  Defender  of  the  pure  Christian  Faith  t  ii>ing  Father  of  the  seven  Indian 
Nations  of  America 
The  humble  Address  of  tlie  Chicft  and  others  of  tlie   viohr  nk  Indians  of  Cunad  Schohary 
May  it  please  Your  Majesty  ! 

Wlicreas  We  from  a  long  Experience,  are  convinced,  not  only  of  Your  Mnjestys  Power  and  Incli- 
nation,  to  defend  your  subjects  from  the  Insults  and  Attacks  oftlieir  Ennemiea,  but  also  of  your 
Majesty's  FaitlifiUlness  in  Performing  your  Covenants  with  your  Majesty's  alliance  and  Protection 
bef;)re  tliat  of  the  French  King  against  all  attemts  of  tlic  latter  to  intice  and  move  us  to  the  Con- 
trary and  therefore  both  formerly  and  now  in  particular  lately,  being  moved  thereunto,  by  our 
Brother  General  Johnsen  have  renewed  the  Covenant  Cliain  subsisting  between  Your  Majesty  and 
the  Six  Nations,  and  increased  it,  with  lincking  another  Nation  to  it,  by  wlch  means  Your  Majestys 
Interest  is  become  ours,  wicli  now,  after  the  iitmous  and  glorious  Battel  and  Victory  fought  and 
obtained  against  and  over  the  French  Army  at  Lake  George,  under  tlie  Wise  Conduct  of  our  brave 
Brother  General  Johnsen,  since  it  costs  us  a  goo<l  proportion  of  our  best  and  noblest  Blood,  our 
Captain  Henry  besides  more  U.  : ,  'cilld  in  it,  to  wlch  Victory  on  this  occasion  we  take  the 

opportunity  humbly  and  heartily  to  cui:,',iatulate  Your  Majesty,  is  become  still  more  so.  Hence, 
and  from  many  considerations  more  it  is  morally  impossible  for  us,  Tliat  we  should  undertake,  do 
or  advize  any  thing,  to  the  Hurt  of  Your  Majesty's  or  our  Brethren's  Your  Faithful  Subjects  Interest. 

And  whereas  We,  who  live  be;  ween  Your  Majesty's  and  tlie  French  Kings  Territories  naturally 
must  know  better,  what  if  cr  .iducive  to  the  Deiension  of  the  Fronteer  of  Your  Mnjestys  Dominions 
in  America,  than  those  living  remoter  can  know. 

Therefore  do  Wfl  hope,  that  Your  Majesty  will  graciously  indulge  us  humbly  to  advize  something 
concerning  tlie  Savety  of  the  extreme  Parts  of  Your  Majesty's  Dovrilnions. 

By  long  Experience  we  know,  that  the  Guarding  the  Provinces  of  Your  Majesty  against  the 
Incroachments  and  Insults  of  a  foreign  Enemy,  by  Means  depending  on  an  Assembly  the  Members 
whereof,  for  the  greatest  Part  live  remote  from  them,  is  a  very  precarious  and  ineffectual  Method, 
and  therefore  humbly  take  upor  iis,  to  propose  another,  vlzt. 
Vol,.  IT.  25 


I   m 


194 


rARIS   BILATIHO  TO  THI  IIX  NATIOm. 


m  lii 


That  Tonr  Majesty  might  be  pleased,  to  grant,  to  such  Persons,  as  were  willing  and  able  to  settle 
and  cultivate  and  to  whom  we  should  be  inclined  to  sell,  Tracts  of  Land  sufficient  to  erect  Towns 
and  Forts  thereon,  under  the  Restrictions  and  Conditions,  to  settle  thereon  in  Towns,  and  not  In  so 
scattered  a  Manner  as  is  done  in  other  Parts  of  the  Country,  to  Fortify,  Garrison  and  defend  such 
Towns,  to  settle  and  maintain  Ministers  of  the  Gospel  and  Schoolmasters,  both  for  themselves  and 
the  Indians  living  about  them:  and  to  free  such  Towns  and  Precincts  from  all  other  public  Taxes 
Expenses  and  troubles,  wherein  they  should  not  particularly  be  concerned. 

And  whereas  we  find  John  Christopher  Hartwick  minister  of  the  Gospel  inclined  and  conceive 
him  able  to  promote  both  the  kingdom  of  Christ  and  that  of  Your  Majesty:  therefore  after  lie  had 
obtained  Your  M^jestys  Lycence  to  purchase,  we  have  sold  to  him  in  Your  Majestjs  Name  a  Tract 
of  Land  the  remotest,  that  hath  been  purchased  yet.  And  whereas  both  by  Reason  of  the  great 
Distance  from  markett  and  because  of  the  Nearness  to  the  Enemies  Country  and  the  Adjoining 
Wilderness  of  the  people  that  would  undertake  to  settle  it  must  labour  under  great  Hardships  and 
Difficulties,  arising  from  the  above  mentioned  Circumstances  easily  to  be  conceived  and  too  tedious 
to  mention  to  Your  Majesty  and  whereas  the  far  greater  part  of  the  Tract  of  Land  aforesaid  is  not 
improvable,  and  what  is  so  is  much  interrupted  by  Hills,  so  that  the  good  cannot  be  seperated  from 
the  bad,  without  putting  the  undertaker  to  insupportable  Charges,  the  Land  must  either  remain 
waste  to  the  Detriment  of  Your  Majesty's  Interest  because  it  cannot  make  good  tlie  charges  and 
Fees  of  Surveying  and  Patenting,  wich  are  great,  or  bring  up  the  Quitrent,  wich  is  now  higher  than 
that  wich  is  paid  from  good  and  conveniently  and  savely  situated  Land,  or  an  Exemption  must  be 
granted. 

For  these  Reasons  and  from  such  Considerations  as  these,  as  also  from  the  Confidence  we  put  in 
the  Grace  and  Favour,  wich  Your  Majesty  hath  allways  been  wont  to  bestow  upon  us  We  have 
taken  upon  us  to  intercede  to  Your  Majesty  in  Behalf  of  the  aforementioned  John  Christopher 
Hartwick  humbly  praying  Your  Majesty,  to  grant  to  the  said  John  Christopher  Hartwick  the  Tracts 
of  Land  sold  to  him  by  us;  and  more  particularly  described  in  the  Deeds  of  Conveyance  and 
Returns  of  the  Surveyor,  on  such  easy  Terms  a:>  to  Yoiur  Majesty  in  Your  Grace  and  Wisdom  shall 
seem  most  fit  and  expedient  for  the  Intents  a.id  Purposes  aforementioned,  wich  we  forbear 
mentioning  at  Large  being  confident  Your  Majestys  Wisdom  will  from  this  Hint  easily  infer 
them. 

*  If  Your  Majesty  shall  be  pleased  to  grant  these  our  Prayers  we  shall  thanckfully  acknowledge 
it,  as  a  Token  of  Your  Majestys  especial  Grace  and  Favour  towards  us,  and  use  our  best  Endeavours 
by  a  Faithfull  Attacliment  to  Your  Majestys  Crown  to  deserve  it  allways  praying  to  the  Heavenly 
Father  to  support  Your  Majesty  in  Your  old  age,  with  continual  Supplies  of  Heavenly  and  Royul 
Gifls,Graces  Power  and  Strength  to  the  longest  Period  of  Life,  and  to  crown  Your  Endeavors  for  the 
Happiness  of  Your  People  and  maintaining  Peace  among  Cliristian  Princes,  with  Success,  and  at 
last  when  Your  Majesty  shall  be  full  of  Days  to  leave  Your  Crown  to  a  Prince  of  Your  Royal  Blood, 
who  shall  not  be  unwortliy  to  be  Son  to  such  a  Father  and  Successor  to  such  a  king,  and  to  receive 
a  Crown  of  Glory  in  the  Heavenly  kingdom  tliat  fadeth  not. 

Finally,  we  pray.  That  Your  Majesty  would  be  pleased  to  continue  that  fatherly  Care  and  Pro- 
tection wich  we  have  liitherto  iiijoyed  towards  us  and  our  Brethren  the  Six  Nations  and  to  receive 
into  the  same  also  the  Nation  of  wich  by  tlie  Care  of  our  Brotlier  Johnson  liath  been 

Joined  with  us  and  linck  to  tlie  Covenant  Chain  in  particular  we  pray  That  Your  Majesty  would  be 
pleased  to  provide  for  us,  to  the  Glory  of  God  and  our  Souls  Wellfare  a  Church  and  a  Minister  resid- 
ing among  us;  that  we  may  more  f\illy  enjoy  the  Light  of  the  Gospel,  wioh  hath  begun  to  dawn  upon 


Ill 


0 


A  I  L      0 


1 


") 


L^L 


r  C 


FAPXRS  KKLATUfS  TO  TBI  BIX  RATIOOT. 


191 


US ;  That  we  delivered  from  the  Power  of  Darkness  may  walk  in  it— and  Your  Majestys  Petitioners 
shall  ever  pray. 

May  it  please  Your  Majesty  Your  Majesty's 

most  humble  and  obedient  Servants. 

*,*  On  the  22d  day  of  April  1761,  letters  patent  were  granted  to  John  Christopher  Hartwick  and  others,  for  a  considerable 
tract  of  land  in  this  vicinity  ;  (Otsego  Lake,)  and  Mr.  Hartwick,  being  under  the  impression  that  his  grat  ts  extended  to  the 
shore  of  the  lake,  caused  a  clearing  to  be  commenced  not  far  trom  its  outlet.  Becoming  satisfied  that  be  had  passed  the 
boundaries  of  his  estate,  this  gentleman  soon  relinquished  his  possession,  and  altogether  abandoned  the  spot.— Coop«r'( 
ChronieltM  of  Cooptritown,  p.  6. 


REV  MR.  OGILVIE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

'     "•  Albany  May  14»  1756. 

Dear  Sir — I  hope  before  this  you  have  received  the  Lines  I  sent  to  the  care  of  M'  Peterson  of 
Schenectady  I  inclose  a  Letter  I  just  now  rec<>  and  was  in  Hopes  to  have  sent  you  the  public  Papers 
but  none  come  to  Hand.  This  Morning  arrived  an  Express  from  Virginia,  the  contents  have  not 
yet  transpired  :  I  imagine  the  Indians  and  French  have  penetrated  far  into  that  Province  by  some 
hints  I  have  lieard.  '•*'*"*.^.  llfW'/^  ' 

I  plainly  foresee,  unless  we  act  with  molf«  Vigour  k  uanfinity,  we  shall  become  a  Byword  among 
the  Heathen,  and  the  Enemy  will  Laugh  us  to  scorn.  I  heard  Gen'  Shirley  say  that  he  would  order 
Montrosure  to  plan  a  Defensible  Fort  which  he  intended  to  send  to  you,  as  a  Model  for  the  Forts 
among  the  Indians,  and  that  he  would  order  them  immediately  to  be  built  as  he  looked  upon  it  the 
only  Measure  left  to  secure  the  Alliance  of  the  five  Nations  :  For  my  part  I  thought  M'  Shirley's  Zeal 
for  the  public  would  not  have  left  this  Measure  to  be  executed  at  this  Time,  especially  as  we  were 
told  in  the  public  Papers,  that  the  six  Nations  were  effectually  secured  by  his  Activity  the  last 
Summer  :  I  am  very  apprehensive,  from  what  I  hear,  that  the  Delawares  will  obstruct  our  building 
a  Fort  at  Onogquaga,  and  I  fear  you'll  meet  with  Difficulty  in  procuring  Workmen  for  that 
Service.  I  am  quite  of  opinion,  that  those  who  undertake  that  affair  should  be  well  guarded.  Yes- 
terday Sf  I....S'  L[ege]r  was  in  violent  Wrath  in  consequence  of  a  Letter  ftom  Broadstreet,  what  tlie 
Contents  were  I  know  not :  I  believe  the  Gen'  is  embarrassed  between  them  both  :  One,  I  am 
convinced  he  must  give  up,  and  I  am  inclined  to  think  he'll  in  appearance  drop  Broadstreet,  for 
Material  Reasons.  I  am  vastly  diverted  to  see  Alexander  pursuing  S^^  Jolm  where  ever  he  goes. 
I  am  Sensible  their  Accounts  puzzled  tliem  confoundedly.  I  am  this  minute  inform'd  That  the 
French  &  Indians  had  surrounded  Winchester  &  that  Washington  was  there  only  with  fifty  Men 
but  that  the  Militia  of  Ten  Counties  were  on  their  March  for  it's  Relief.  Major  Sparkes  sends 
his  CompUments,  M'*  Ogilvie  joins  in  our  best  Wislies  Pray  make  my  Compliments  to  Cap*  Wraxal 

I  am  D'  Sir  yours  affectionately 

John  Ocilvie. 

P.  S.  This  Minute  all  the  Barracks  at  the  Patrons  Mils  were  consumed  by  Fire  by  which  Means 
a  great  Quantity  of  Wheat  is  lost. 


•i  ■  ) 


u 


PAraU   RBLATUia   TO   TMB  IIZ  MATIOm. 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO   THE  REV.   JEAN  B.  ROUBAULT, 

JESUIT   MISSIONARY   AT  ST   FRANCIS. 

Fort  Johnson,  1»»  March  1761. 

Sir  It  is  but  a  few  days  since  I  liad  y*  pleasure  of  receiving  your  most  polite  and  friendly  letter. 
I  wish  it  iiad  been  in  my  power  wlien  in  Canada,  to  liave  made  you  more  sensible  of  my  good 
inclination  to  serve  you,  or  any  gentleman  in  your  then  unliappy  scituation,  as  nothing  could  ever 
afford  me  a  more  Sensible  happiness  tlian  to  be  able  to  reward  merit  &  relieve  y«  distressed.  Your 
very  Generous  and  gratefull  Sentiments,  expressed  on  y»  occasion,  far  exceed  any  thing  I  could  have 
done  tor  so  worthy  a  Person  wherel'or  all  I  can  say  in  return  is,  that  I  shall  ever  be  desirous  of  L 
wish  for  a  favorable  oportunity  to  convince  you  of  my  esteem. 

I  have  ou  my  arrival  last  Atitum  acquainted  the  Loups  of  Orange  also  the  Six  JVations  with  w' 
passed  between  me  &  the  Abanakis  your  Flock,  concerning  that  unlucky  aifair,  and  desired  they 
would  all  remain  quiet  until  tlie  Spring  of  the  year,  when,  I  assured  them  proper  satisfaction  would 
be  made  for  what  had  been  done  by  the  Abanakis,  they  all  acquiesced,  and  now  expect  tlie  arrival  of 
said  Indians  soon  wlien  that  happens  I  sliall  take  care  to  have  the  aflair  properly  made  up,  and  a  good 
understanding  settled  between  botli  Parties,  and  in  oi-der  to  enable  the  Abanakis  the  better  to 
come  to  Albany  unmolested  I  have  ordered  Lient  Glaus  now  at  Montreal  my  Deputy  Agent,  to  give 
them  a  Flag  v^  they  are  to  carry  wlien  coming  this  way,  and  at  the  same  time,  desired  he  would  (on 
my  ace')  advance  you  far  your  own  use  Ten  pounds,  which  I  hope  you  will  please  to  accept  as  a 
small  Token  of  my  regard  for  you.  The  good  disposition  of  y*  Indians  y^^  way  gives  me  great 
pleasure,  and  hope  tliey  will  be  sensible  enough  to  continue  it,  as  it  will  be  for  their  own  Interest. 
You  may  assiu^  them  Sir,  (vo.u  me,  tliat  as  long  as  they  behave  well,  they  will  have  my  good  wishes, 
and  interest  with  whatever  generel  may  be  here,  and  I  flatter  myself  while  they  have  you  for  their 
guide,  they  will  not  do  any  thing  to  forleit  it.  I  wish  you  all  the  success  imaginable  and  am  with 
perfect  esteem  Si.>  Your  Sincere  friend 

&  very  Humble  Servant  W.  J. 

*,*  Fftther  Jean  Basile  Roubtnlt,  to  whom  this  letter  it  addrested,  is  represented  as  having  arrived  in  Canada  in  1742  and 
remained  there  until  1764.    Ed. 


REV.  MR.  BROWN  TO  SIR  W.  JOHNSON. 

Sr  I  proposed  being  at  Fort-Htmter  on  Simday  Next  but  am  unhappily  disappointed  by  being 
so  much  out  of  Order  tliat  I  am  incapable  of  undertaking  so  long  a  Journey.  Besides  I  have  Duty 
to  do  at  Albany  to  morrow,  if  I  find  myself  capable.  I  hope  you  liave  not  acquainted  the  Indians  of 
my  Design  of  coming,  or  if  you  have,  shall  esteem  it  as  a  Favour  if  you  will  let  the  Interpritor 
acquaint  y™  of  my  Reason  for  Not  coming.  Major  Hogers  who  favour's  me  with  this,  will  acquaint 
you  of  all  the  News  stiring,  shall  therefore  to  avoid  giving  you  farther  Trouble  beg  leave  to 
subscribe  myself  Y»  most  oliedient  Hum :  Servant 

Albany  Friday  March  27»»>  T:  Brown, 

I  received  the  enclos'd  of  M'  Corry,  &  was  in  hopes  of  delivering  it  into  y  own  Hands. 

*,*  Rpv.  Tho3.  Bhowm,  of  whom  there  are  sume  few  luiitlculnr.s  mi  Doc.  Ilis.  ill,  5  xxi,  was  Deputy  Chaplain  to  II.  M.  60fh 
Beg't  of  Foot,  or  Royal  Americans,  accoriling  to  liis  own  petition,  and  not  to  the  '27th  regiment,  as  already  erroneously  stated. 
lie  snpp'.ied  the  Kev.  Mr.  Ogilvie's  i)laoc  at  Alliany  from  "1  Dec.  1700  to  Nov.  17t)l,  when  ho  also  was  ordered  on  an  expe- 
dition. At  the  desire  of  St.  Peter's  Conpregntion  he  was,  on  his  return,  appointed  Mr.  Ogilvie's  succcKor,  and  continued  to 
have  charge  of  that  church  until  17(17,  when  he  was  snccceded  by  Kev.  Harry  Muuro.  (Jbstract  Soe.  Prop.  Gotp.)  For 
his  subBe<i)ueDt  career,  the  reader  is  referred  to  the  3d  vol.  of  this  work 


PAPERS   RELATIMO   TO  TRt  SIX   NATIOM. 


m 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  ELEAZER  WHEELOCK 

Fort  Johnson,  Nov'  17*>»  1761 . 
Reverand  Sir, 

Yours  of  the  2<i  Ins'  I  had  a  few  days  ago  The  pleasure  of  receiveingby  y«  hands  of  Kh-tland,'  1 
am  pleased  to  find  y«  Lads  I  sent  have  meritted  your  good  opinion  of  them.  I  expect  they  will 
return,  and  hope  will  make  such  progress  in  the  English  Language,  &  their  Learning,  as  may 
prove  to  your  Satisfaction,  &.  tlie  BeniUt  of  tlie  Indians,  who  are  realy  much  to  be  Pittied — my 
absence  tliese  four  montli,  has  prevented  my  design  of  encourageing  some  more  Lads  going  to  you, 
and  since  my  return  (which  is  but  Lately)  I  have  not  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  either  Old  or 
Young,  bing  all  on  their  Hunt,  when  they  come  back,  I  sliall  talk  with,  &  advise  their  Parents  to 
Embrace  this  favourable  opertunity  of  havin  their  Children  instructed,  and  doubt  not  of  their 
readiness  to  Lay  hold  of  so  kind  &  charitable  an  olfer. 

Kirtlands  intention  of  Learning  y  Moliawk  language  I  much  approve  of,  as  after  acquireing  it, 
he  could  (when  qualified)  be  of  vast  service  to  them  as  a  Clergy  man  whicli  they  much  want,  and 
arc  verry  desireous  of  having. 

Tlie  present  Laudable  design  of  instructing  A  number  of  Indian  JJo}s  will  I  doubt  not,  when  more 
known,  lead  Several  Gentlemen  to  contribute  toAvards  it,  &  enable  You  thereby  to  increase  the 
number  of  Scholars,  w"*  whom  I  shall  not  be  backward  to  contribute  my  mite. 

I  have  given  in  charge  to  Joseph'  to  speak  in  my  name  to  any  good  Boys  he  may  See,  and  incour- 

1  RcT.  Samtiol  Kirtland,  aftcnvards  no  celebrated  as  a  missionary  ainoni;  the  Oncidas.  His  lifo,  by  bis  grandson,  Rev.  S. 
K.  Lotlirop,  will  be  found  in  Simrk's  Amcr.  Biogrnpliy,  2  sor.  XV. 

2  This  was  the  celebrated  Joseph  Brant,  Thay-en-de-nca-ga,  since  so  well  known  through  Col.  Stone's  elaborate  biography 
of  him.  We  And  the  following  account  of  his  introduction  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  AVhcolock  in  the  lattcr's  Kari°ntivc  of  the  Indian 
School  at  Lebanon,  1TG3.  "The  Honourable  Scotch  Commissioners  in  and  ncav  Boston,  understanding  and  approving  of 
the  Design  of  sending  for  Indian  Cliildron  c'  remote  Tribes,  to  bo  educated  here,  were  the  first  Uody,  or  Society,  who  have 
led  the  Way  in  making  an  Attempt  for  that  purpose.  Which  because  of  the  Newness  and  rcnmrknblo  Success  of  it,  and 
boeausc  it  may  encourage  such  a  Design  in  time  to  come,  I  supjiose  it  may  not  be  disagreeable,  if  I  am  a  little  i)articular  In 
my  account  of  it:  While  I  was  in  Boston  they  passed  a  Vote  to  this  purpose,  Mmj  7,  1701,  '  That  the  Rev.  Mr.  Whcelock  of 
Zeiunon  be  desired,  to  fit  out  David  Fowltr,  an  /iiJiuH  Youth,  tu  accompany  Mr.  Sampson  Occom,  going  on  a  Mission  to 
the  Ontidas,  that  said  David  be  su|>portcd  on  said  Mission  for  a  Term  not  exceeding  4  Months;  and  that  he  endeavour  on  his 
Return  to  brii'g  with  him  a  Number  of  Indian  Boys,  not  exceeding  three,  to  be  put  under  Mr.  Wlicclock^s  Care  and  Instruction, 
nnd  that  201.  be  put  into  Mr.  Wheclock's  Hands  to  carry  this  Design  into  Execution;  and  that  when  said  Sum  shall  bo  ex- 
jiendcd,  he  advise  the  Treasurer  of  it,  and  .send  his  Accounts  for  Allowance' 

"  Pursuant  to  this  Vote  I  eloathcd  and  furnished  said  David  witli  Ilor.sc  and  Jloney,  for  his  long  Tour  into  the  Wilder, 
ncss  which  he  set  out  on  June  10th,  in  Company  with  Mr,  Occom,  by  the  Way  of  New-  York ;  in  which  Journey  he  rode  above 
a  thousand  Miles,  and  by  the  Advice,  Direction  and  Assistance  of  Sir  AVillum  Joiinsun,  obtained  three  Boys  of  the  Mohawk 
Kation  who  were  willing  to  leave  their  Friends  and  Country  and  come  among  Strangers  of  another  Language,  and  quite  anothei 
Manner  of  Living,  and  where,  perhaps,  no  one  of  their  Nation  then  living  had  ever  been;  and  among  a  People  of  whom  their 
Nation  have  been  of  a  long  Time  inclined  to  entertain  Jealousies.  Their  Names  were,  Joseph.  Xegyts,  and  Center.  They 
arrived  here  August  1st,  1701,  but  had  so  much  Cantion  in  the  extraordinary  Enterpri/.c,  that  they  brought  each  of  them  an 
Horse  from  their  own  Country.  Two  of  them  were  but  little  K-tter  than  naked,  and  could  not  speak  a  Word  of  English. 
The  other  being  of  a  Family  of  Distinction  among  them,  was  considerably  chuithed,  /iii/iuii-fashion,  and  could  speak  a  few 
words  of  English.  They  let  me  know,  as  soon  as  I  could  understand  them,  that  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  had  told  them  they  should 
return  and  visit  their  Fricmls  m  the  Fall  of  the  Year.    I  took  siK'cdy  Care  to  cleanse  and  cloath  them. 


iri        i 


"Center's  Countenance,  as  I  thought  wh  n  ho  came,  discovered  that  ho  was  not  in  Health.  My  Suspicions  increased, 
and  the  Issue  proved  they  were  not  gronndloss.  He  continued  with  mo  till  the  Fall,  when  the  Physician  I  employed  advised 
mo,  that  his  Disorders  threatn^  his  Lif..  and  prevailed  to  snoh  a  Degree  that  he  looked  npon  him  to  bo  HictiraMo.  And  that 


i 


I  V 


PAPEB8   BKLATING   TO  THE  SIX   NATIOMS. 

age  'em  to  accept  the  Generous  offer  now  made  them,  vi'^  he  promised  to  do,  k  Return  as  Soon  as 
possible  &  that  without  horses — in  case  there  should  not  a  Sufficient  number  go  now,  I  will  on 
return  of  y*  Ind'  from  Hunting,  advise  them  To  Send  as  many  as  is  required  also  endeavour  to  Send 
one  To  the  Rev^  M''  Graves,'  whose  offer  (if  tliey  liave  any  common  Sence)  they  will  look  upon  in 
tlie  friendly  &  Generous  liglit  it  Deserves. 

As  I  am  very  mucli  hurried  at  present,  must  beg  leave  to  refer  you  to  Kirtland  for  any  perticulars 
you  may  choose  to  be  informed  of  as  I  had  a  good  deal  of  Conversation  with  him,  regarding  tlie 
Present  State  &  Disposition  of  the  Indians  in  severall. 

I  wish  you  all  Success  in  it  undertaking 

And  am  w»h  truth  &  Sincerity 

Reverend  Sir  Your  most  obedient 
Humble  Servant, 
The  Reverend  Eleazer  Wheelock.  Wm.  Johnson. 


REV.  JACOB  OEL  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

uyt  mein  hauss  febr.  de  S"  A"  1762. 
To  the  honorable 

Sir  William  Johnson. 

that  Ij  reit  these  Letter  en  trouble  You  bij  these  ij  be  forced  for  it : 
the  Reason  is  because  ij  lieard  yesterdaij  in  the  Castle  that  the  Bostoniers  were  designed  to  erect 
schools  in  everij  Castle  by  choosing  uijt  two  jung  boijs  fur  to  be  send  in  nieu  engelland  to  be 
instructed  tliere  and  them  should  instruct  the  otliers  in  proper  learning,  now  learning  is  good  en  is 
most  necessarij  amongs  the  haddens  tiiat  cannot  be  contradicted  but  ij  want  to  know  to  what  design 
as  it  is  to  introduce  their  own  Presbijteren  Ciiurch  tlian  can  it  not  be  allowed,  en  as  it  prejudice  our 
Cliurch  en  Churcli  ceremonies,  en  is  not  a  greable  en  conform  to  tliem  tlian  it  must  not  be  allowed  en 
as  so  is  it  is  against  them  ■  but  as  het  design  is  with  that  pourpose  than  ij  have  nothing  to  saij  en  be 
content  en  must  he  content  with  it.  now  Sir  ij  let  it  to  your  Sirs  weisse  consideratie  en  lie  shall  to 
best  know  de  what  is  in  these  matters,  en  let  my  be  ignorant  in  tliat  matter .  but  ij  think  it  shall  not 
be  taken  in  a  rang  sense  that  ij  reit  these  things  to  your  Honour  then  ij  noem  freely  mine  beste 

he  Judfi^  it  best  to  send  him  back  to  his  Friends,  and  that  soon,  or  it  would  be  too  bte  to  send  him  at  all ;  and  according  to 
this  Advice  I  sent  him  away  with  A'egyes,  having  furnished  them  with  Money  for  their  Journey  into  the  Mohawk  Country,  on 
the  23d  Day  of  Of /otfr.  /oitf  A  tarried  longer  to  accompany  yo\ing  A'irJ/onrf,  who  was  loarning  the  ^foAall'fe  Language  of 
him,  and  whom  I  sent  into  that  Country  to  obtain  six  Boys  of  those  Nations,  to  partake  of  the  Benefit  of  Sir  Peter  War- 
ben's  Legacy,  according  to  the  Instructions  of  the  General  Assembly  of  the  Province  ot  Ma»iachu»etti-Bay,  before  mentioned. 
"  Center  reached  home,  but  died  soon  uflcr,  Negyes,  I  hear,  was  captivated  by  a  young  Female  and  married.  Mr.  Kirtland 
and  Jonpli  set  out  for  the  Mohawk  Country  Notember  4th,  and  returned  November  27th,  and  brought  two  Mohawk  Lads  with 
them,  vii.  Moses  and  Johannes,  by  whom  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  informed  me  that  he  expected  to  bo  able  to  send  the  Rest  when 
they  came  in  from  hunting.  I  informed  the  Hon.  Commissioners  of  the  State  of  the  Case,  and  by  a  Letter  from  the  Reverend 
Dr.  CnAUHCT,  Chairman  of  their  Committee,  in  the  Name  of  the  rest,  was  desired  to  let  them  have  in  their  Pay  and  under 
their  Direction  these  two  who  came  last  with  Joseph,  which  I  consented  to,  provided  they  would  remit  the  necessary  Charges 
which  I  had  been  at  in  procuring  and  cloathing  them ,  and  give  me  as  I  afterwards  charged  them  for  their  Support  and  Tuition, 
upon  which  Conditions  they  took  them.  I  immediately  sent  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  for  other  six  to  partake  of  Sir  Pitik 
WARRrN's  Legacy.  These  three,  viz.  Joseph,  Moses  and  Johannes,  continued  with  me  lo  the  Pay  of  the  Commlnlonera  til) 
May  27, 1762." 

1  R«v.  Matthdw  GrsTM,  Episcopal  minister  of  New  Loodon,  Conn. 


PAPEBS   KELATIMQ    TO  THE  aiZ  NATIONS. 


109 


fViend  that  ij  have  hero  en  can  trust  Ij  want  your  presence  en  to  tak  freely  to  you  but  yesterday  en 
now  is  not  occasie  for  it,  fur  to  hear  your  meaning  in  that  matter  as  it  is  for  the  prejudice  en 
rung  the  Church  iJ  cannot  Consent  to  it.  en  ij  must  mantaine  en  will  mantain  the  Church  of  oiur 
CImrch,  so  lung  ij  can  en  wath  is  in  mine  little  power  iJ  shall  doe,  en  will  doe,  allways  iJ  remain 
in  hast  your  friend  en  well  wisher 

with  all  respect  en  humble 'Servant 
P.  S.  ij  hope  en  think  Sir  Williams  en  '  John  Jacob  Oel. 

Your  Honour  shall  be  for  our  churches  Seithe    adjeu. 
as  ij  can  have  an  Answer  thro  of  by  few  lines 
ij  shall  take  it  for  a  great  Honour. 
(Addressed)    These  Letter  is  directed  to  the  honorable 

Sir  Baronet  William  Johnson  overseer 

over  the  Indien  affairs  en  present 

nowattCunad  Schoharrij. 

*,*  Mr.  Oel  was  appointed  asiiitant  missionary  to  the  Mohawlc  Indians  in  1760.    He  continued  to  act  in  that  capacity 
down  to  the  revolution. — Ed. 


GENi-  AMHERST  TO  COL.  BRADSTREET. 


FIRST   PRESBYTERIAN   CONGREGATION    IN   ALBANY 

New  York  7  March  1762. 


Nothing  can  be  more  agreeable  to  me  than  to  Grant  any  Religions  Community  sucb  priviledges 
as  are  in  my  power  ;  And,  as  the  Forrage  house  near  the  Main  Guard  is  not  at  present  wanted,  you 
will,  agreable  to  the  Request  of  the  Presbyterian  Congregation,  Accpaint  them,  they  have  my  Leave 
to  make  use  of  the  said  House  for  their  place  of  worship. 

I  am.  Sir,  your  most  Obedient  Servant, 
Colonel  Bradstreet,  Jeff  :  Amhebst. 

D  Q.  M.  G.  Albany 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  BARCLAY. 

Fort  Johnson,  March  13U>  1762. 

Sir  Your  favor  of  the  12'>>  ultimo.  I  have  received,  as  I  did  sometime  ago  your  answer  con- 
cerning the  land  transmitted  by  the  Lieut  Governor,  and  cannot  but  consider  your  proposal  as 
very  reasonable. 

The  experience  which  I  have  had  of  your  good  character  would  effectually  discredit  any  asper- 
tions  which  might  be  cast  upon  you. 

I  shall  at  all  times  pay  a  due  regard  to  merit,  and  your  recommendation,  and  therefore  cannot  but 
approve  of  Mr.  Bennet  for  his  zeal  to  promote  the  interest  of  Religion,  where  it  is  so  much  wanted, 
but  at  the  same  time  I  must  observe  that  it  is  not  in  my  power  to  do  more  than  countenance  so  piers 
an  undertaking  as  there  is  no  allowance  for  that  service,  except  what  is  made  to  Mr.  Ogilvie  who  In 
my  opinion  should,  and  I  make  no  doubt  will  be  readily  induced  to  consider  the  (Gentleman's  services. 

The  Rev*'.  M'.  Barclay.  I  am,  &c. 


m  j 

H 
,61 


1 1 


200 


rAj>CM  mtLATtmo  to  the  six  MATIOHa. 


REV.  DAVID  ZISBEROER  TO  MR.  PETERS. 

Philadelphia  &*>>  april  1762. 
Mr.  Peters  I  am  to  inform  you  that  I  was  obliged  to  take  an  Indian  Guide  to  siiew  nie  the  way 
to  Wyominlc  as  the  whole  country  was  covered  with  snow  and  tiie  weather  the  severest  I  over 
knew  I  agreed  to  give  him  tliree  Pounds  for  himself  and  his  horse  and  to  find  provisions  for  him, 
WB><  with  other  Expences  hath  cost  me  five  Pounds  this  Journey  and  I  hope  ou  will  not  tliink  five 
pounds  too  much  fur  my  trouble  considering  how  many  days  it  hath  taken  .  p  and  what  danger  I 
liave  been  in  I  am 

Sir  Your  most  humble  servant  David  Zibbebger. 

Rece'd  ten  pounds  for  my  Journey  with  Sf.  W™.  Johnsons  Letter  to  Teedyuscung  at  Wyomink 
k  and  bringing  his  answer  to  riiiladelphia. 
April  5>''  1763.  Cavio  Zisberger. 


*,*  See  Loskiel's  Hiit.  of  the  Moravian  Mimiona,  part  il.  197,  Tor  lome  partlcultn  of  this  visit. 
Uft  wiU  be  found  in  Allen'i  Biog.  Diet.— Ea. 


A  iketch  of  Zelibergcr'a 


EDWARD  JOHNSON,  SCHOOL  MASTER  AT  TUSCARORA,  TO  SIR  W.  JOHNSON. 

Tuscarora  Castle  April  y*  10ti>  1762. 
Most  Worth  S'. 

Yours  I  received  on  the  12  of  March  Date  Jan'x  30*i>  and  Indeed  S'  I  thank  you  very  kindly 
for  the  many  favours  your  honour  has  Been  pleased  to  bestow  on  me  But  In  Deed  S'  mucli  more  so 
for  your  last  S'.  It  hapens  so  that  I  Cant  at  tl)is  time  Come  my  Self  and  thefore  must  rely  on  your 
own  Goodness  :  but  I  have  sent  by  as  trusty  a  hand  I  thinck  as  any  I  Could  Geet  for  indeed  he  seems 
to  be  the  truest  to  me  of  any  of  them  and  he  is  a  Christian  if  there  is  one  any  where  amongst 
them  :  S'.  I  owe  to  tlie  value  of  three  pounds  which  I  have  taken  up  since  I  begun  to  teach  tliese 
people  :  and  I  have  liad  no  opertunity  of  Earning  any  thing  for  myself  for  these  people  will  give 
nothing.  S'  I  tell  your  honor  of  all  that  lias  hapened  me.  There  is  here  two  sorts  people  the  one  is 
for  the  religion  and  the  other  is  not  and  that  Party  is  allways  striving  to  hurt  me  by  words  and 
some  times  allmost  to  the  tnking  of  my  life  but  with  the  help  o  :J  I  stand  it  tiiough  with  Great 
Difficulty  and  Danger.  S' I  have  been  at  onidia  and  had  there  18  Scholars  and  I  have  teached  so  long 
that  the  are  Come  to  4  Shurly  s''.  you  know  as  well  as  I  that  at  this  Time  ol  the  year  the  are 
scattered  Every  where,  but  I  believe  wlien  tlie  minister  Comes  there  will  be  a  Great  many  more  that 
will  Learn  our  tongue,  but  S'  there  has  been  here  at  onidia  som  o  the  other  sort  of  people  wliich 
told  them  that  the  English  wanted  tliese  to  take  up  with  our  religion  and  then  the  land  will  be  all 
theirs  But  I  liave  told  to  the  Contrary  and  tell  them  that  it  [is]  for  tlie  Good  of  their  Souls  that  the 
English  wants  to  learn  them  and  not  for  lands  for  they  have  land  Enough  I  Beg  S^"  your  honour  will 
Give  no  heed  to  fals  storeys  for  the  bearer  of  tliis  will  [convince]  you  to  your  own  satisfaction. 

S»  Pray  pardon  me  for  being  to  tedious  if  your  honour  Pleasetb  to  send  :  if  you  Pleas  to  send  it  by 
the  bearer  Isaac  or  his  father  and  one  line  to  let  me  know  what  and  How  much  S''  Powder  is  very 
wears  and  Provision  not  very  Pleanty  if  you  Pleas  to  answer  this  S'  I  rest  Myself  your  humble 
Servant.  Edward  Johnson. 

S^  The  Scholers  are  Gone  to  hunting  and  I  am  Gowing  to  Isaacs  hous  at  Connoeomothdian  where 
I  believe  I  shall  stay  till  he  Comes  back  a  Gain. 


PAPERS   HEI.ATIMO   TO  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


201 


ISAAC  THE  INDIAN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Tuscaiora  Castle  April  j«  10>h  1762. 

Worthy  S' 

this  Day  Isaac  spoalce  to  me  to  write  To  your  honour  Concerning  the  Christian  religion  As  he 
himself  told  you  :  and  as  you  told  him  :  wlien  He  was  last  at  yuur  liouse  Brother  :  Sais  he  :  I  am 
now  in  the  very  same  mind  that  I  was  wlien  you  Saw  me  Last  and  I  Do  intend  to  keep  this  same 
rode  as  Long  as  God  shall  Give  me  life  and  breath  that  is  with  his  assistance  :  Brother  Just  befbre  tlie 
Minister  Came  liere  the  lust  Suraer  I  was  moued  oft"  from  this  towix  Something  more  tlian  liulf  way 
to  Ci)nn(i(iu)iga  to  a  Place  Cilled  Connosomotlidian  Wliere  I  have  runaind  till  now.  and  some  low 
Days  a  Gow  the  Came  tome  from  Each  Castle  and  Desired  me  tliat  I  should  Either  Comelmckor  Els 
Gow  Ibrorards  to  Eitlier  of  tliese  two  Castles  on  tiie  Count  of  Settleing  of  uflars.  but  knowing 
tlie  Disposion  of  both  In  short  I  Dout  like  Eitlier  tlie  told  me  I>y  a  b»'lt  of  Wainponi  tlie  town  and 
people  WHS  mine  To  Do  as  I  tliouglit  proper  and  I  think  It  would  be  In-st  for  them  liotli  to  Come  to 
me  as  there  is  good  land  Every  thing  Pleanty  tliere  and  notiilngiti  Plenty  wliere  tlie  now  are  but  rum 
and  the  all  know  that  I  have  Done  with  that  witli  (he  lielp  of  God.  Now  Urother  I  want  your 
advice  in  this  and  I  shall  here  wliat  you  Siiy  In  tills  case,  the  say  also  it  is  very  hard  that  I  Dont 
mind  them  and  their  ways.  S'  I  think  If  I  may  Speak  one  word  that  as  there  is  a  Division  innongst 
themselves  it  would  be  proper  for  them  that  follow  the  Christian  religion  to  live  by  themselves. 

S'  Concerning  tlie  Stories  that  your  honour  has  hard  of  me  if  you  pleas  to  ask  this  man  and  lie  can 
tell  you  Wlietre  it  be  true  or  not  this  from  your  Loving  Brother.  Isaac 

and  from  your  humble  Servant 

Edwaho  Johnson. 

Sarah  the  wife  of  Isaac  Gives  her  kind  love  to  your  lionour  And  Desires  the  favour  of  a  little 
Chocolate  if  you  please.  And  She  remains  your  most  Loving  Sister  till  Death 

Sarah  Isaac. 


":  ■  I  I 


by 
fery 

»ble 

lere 


REV.  MR  ^VIIEELOCK  TO  SIR  IVM.  JOHNSON. 

T.el>anon  20*  Aug«  17G2. 

Hon^  Sir.  Youra  by  David,  with  three  Boys,  came  Safe  on  Wednesday  Evening  after  he  left 
you.  The  two  Smaller  of  the  Ladds  seem  well  contented,  love  their  Book,  and  make  good  Profi- 
ciency ;  the  other  seems  not  to  have  a  Genius  for  Leirning,  and  is  desirous  to  return.  Joseph  and 
the  otlier  two  are  also  well,  and  behave  very  well. 

David  informs  me  that  tlie  Youth  of  whom  I  wrote  you,  and  for  whom  I  sent  him,  viz  George 
Haxton  was  imployed  at  the  Royal  Block  House  at  Onoyada  liake  by  one  Reggens  a  Trader  who 
lives  at  Fort  Stanwick,  and  that  M'  Occom  informed  him,  that  the  youth  was  inclined  to  Come  but 
his  obligations  to  Reggens,  and  Reggens'  violent  opposition  to  it  forbad  him  for  the  present,  And 
that  the  Youth  appears  likely  to  answer  our  purpose,  your  Hon'  is  most  likely  to  know,  and  best 
abel  of  any  man  to  Judge  in  the  affair.  Will  you  jdeuse,  sir,  to  make  the  Enquiry,  and  if  you 
think  favourably  of  my  being  at  the  Expence  of  fitting  him  for  Interpreter  or  Missionary,  be  Instru- 
mental to  his  coming  liither  tor  that  Purpose. 

In  a  letter  I  wrote  you  last  Fall  I  proposed  that  if  way  could  be  made  for  setting  up  of  this  School 


Vol.   IV. 


'20 


202 


PAPfRH    nKLATINO   TO    THE   KIX    NATION*. 


!  i 


ll' 


,  1 


in  some  convenient  Place,  And  tlio  Settlement  of  three  or  fonr  Towns  roiintl  about  it,  I  wouM 
remove  with  it,  and  hrint;  Several  MiniMterii  with  me  of  tho  Itest  Character  and  take  Caro  to  jieople 
tlie  IMace  with  Inliahitaut.i  of  known  ifonenty,  Integrity, and  sucha8  Love  Indians,  k  will  si-ok  tlieir 
Interest,  but  whether  the  Letter  reached  you  or  not  I  never  heard,  or  whetlier  you  thon^ht  it  any 
more  than  a  sudden  imligested  thought  I  cant  tell,  however  I  should  bo  very  glad  to  hear  If  there  be 
any  Probability  that  such  a  Design  may  be  tliected  ;  If  your  Hon'  can  And  lieisure  enough  amidst 
your  weighty  atTuirs  to  gratitS  me  in  the  things  whicli  T  have  assumed  the  Boldness  to  request  of 
you,  you  will  Greatly  oblige  me  and  I  hope  the  Nature  of  the  alVuIr  and  the  assurances  your  lion' 
)i>ui  given  me  of  your  Friendshi]>  towards  it  will  be  esteemed  a  sutUclent  excuse  for  me  and  that  your 
Hon'  will  believe  tliut  I  am  with  the  most  sincere  Respect. 

your  most  Obed'  an«l  most  Hum'"'*  Serv» 
Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet.  Elkazak  Wheelock. 


KEV.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  September  S'*"  1702. 

Sir,  Your  Honour  has  no  doubt  been  infornu'tl  of  a  Legacy  of  Sir  Peter  Warren  of  about  Seven 
hundred  anti  fifty  Pounds  Sterling  left  in  the  hands  of  tlie  Province  of  tlw  Massachusetts  Hay,  it 
being  tlie  Sum  tine  V>  him  from  tliat  Province,  as  hi>  Connnissions  Ibr  th»"ir  pay  from  the  Crown 
for  taking  Tape  Breton  sonu-  Years  ago,  and  which  he  gave  to  Ik>  by  them  uiii>roved  at  Six  p'  Cent 
for  the  Education  of  tlie  youtli  of  the  Six  JWilimis.  It  has  lain  unimproved  until  last  Fall,  when  I 
was  in  Boston,  I  was  int'orimd  of  it,  and  preft-rred  a  Memorial  to  the  General  Assembly  there,  and 
prayed  for  the  use  of  it  in  tiiis  Sdiool,  in  answfr  to  which  tiiey  Voted  as  you  have  seen,  that  I  siiould 
be  allowed  for  tlie  sii|ii>ort  of  Six  Youfli  of  the  Six  Nations,  Twelve  jwunds  lawful  money  li)r  each,  Ibr 
one  year,  and  accordingly  I  liave  now  oiitained  tlie  Boys,  and  they  are  under  the  iH'st  advantages  if 
they  have  but  tlu-  Wisdom  to  iiiipr<>\»'  them. 

But  there  is  since  in  and  about  Boston  a  Society  incorimrated  for  Indi.in  Atlairs,  which  includes 
all  the  Scotish  Coniinissioiiers,  many  more  to  the  .Nnmlxr  of  Eighty,  and  they  have  lately  Ibund  out, 
as  I  understand  by  Doc'  Chauncy,  that  the  method  1  am  taking  is  not  the  best  way  to  jiromote 
Keligion  and  L«'iirning  among  the  Six  .Yutions,  but  a  much  likelier  one  is,  by  setting  nji  Knglish 
Schools  among  them,  the  CiiiUlren  to  live  with  their  Parents,  and  attend  uiM)n  the  School,  their 
Parents  to  Support  them  &c,  and  that  they  design  to  apply  lor  the  tise  of  said  Legacy  for  tiiat 
purpose,  and  let  these  Boys  go  where  tliey  will,  but  consitlering  the  insuccessfulness  of  schrxds  s«'t 
up  thus  amoug  the  little  Tribes  in  tlifse  parts  through  their  want  of  a  due  esteem  of,  and  desire 
for  Learning,  their  savage  roving  disposition,  their  want  of  Government  amongst  themselves,  their 
Poverty,  their  prom-nt-ss  to  iinbil>e  ])rejudices  against  Knglish  masters,  i'S|»eciMlly  on  aeco'  of  a  goud 
and  necessary  Govtrnment  &.c  by  which  means  they  dont  get  so  nu.ch  Learning  in  seven  years  as 
they  do  in  this  School  in  One,  and  that  notwithstanding  their  Parents  kee]i  much  at  home,  not  having 
dejiendance  npcm  hniilinu  f<<r  lliier  snpjwrt  &c.  Gentlemen  hei-e  rn»  generally,  if  not  universally  of 
Opinion  that  this  method  is  l>y  fir  preferable  at  least  lor  the  present  till  n  Number  of  their  own 
!ji)ns  are  tiitrd  for  School  Musli-rs.  kc. 

Your  Honour  brst  of  iuiy  man  knows  what  methcM'.,  have  the  greatest  Probability  of  Success 
amonLt  the  Six  N.-itions.  :ind  if  you  think  with  me  that  it  is  l>est  to  continue  these  B  }s  as  they  are, 
and   "ill  plfiis"  to  Miiti'  \"iir  Mind  to  (Juvern'  f'.<'rnar(l  with  the  Ri-tisons  of  it,  I  doubt  not  but  h>  it 


PAPKM    UEt.AlINU    I'U    THK    MIX    NATIONS. 


tos 


Hit", 

I  as  it 


Is  i5«'iuriilly  uiul«ist(X)d  that  your  Uncle  tlfsigiied  a  Testimony  of  liis  Respect  to  yon  in  tlint  Donu- 
lliiii,  so  tliiit  As!U'iiil<'>  will  likely  lay  grent  Weight  upon  wimt  jutt  hUmII  write,  and  If  your  Honour 
will  pleiiso  to  iaijosc  it  to  me  I  can  send  It  direct  by  the  Post. 

And  if  it  were  not  too  great  boldnesst  I  would  ask  the  favour  to  know  the  substance  of  what  you 
write,  it  may  be  of  some  advantage  to  me. 

I  want  also  to  know  whether  your  Honour  thinks  it  likely  that  this  School  may  after  a  while  be 
set  up  In  some  convenient  place  near  you  accommodated  with  three  or  four  Towns  of  well  chosen 
Inliabltantji.  I  understand  that  some  of  our  People  are  alwut  to  settle  our  new  Purchase  on  Sus- 
(|tialuinnali  Klver,  if  it  does  not  disoblige  and  prejudice  the  Indians  I  shall  Utglad,  and  it  may  be  If 
that  settlement  should  go  on  a  Door  may  open  for  my  Design  on  that  Purchase,  but  your  Honour 
has  full  understanding  of  the  aflfair,  and  interested  therein,  and  I  can  rely  witn  greater  Safety  oo 
your  Judgment  and  Counsel  than  any  '<ther  mans. 

Josei>h  and  the  rest  of  the  Boys  are  vmII,  studious  and  diligent.  I  hope  you  have  received  a  Liue 
I  sent  you  a  few  weeks  ago,  and  that  you  will  be  able  to  send  me  tlie  English  Youth  of  whom 
I  wrote  if  you  esteem  him  likely  and  suitable  for  the  PurpoK\ 

I  pray  your  Honour  to  excuse  tlie  Trouble  1  so  often  give  you,  and  believe  tliat  I  am 

With  Sincere  Respect  Your  Honours 

P.  S.  Being  yet  weak  after  a  fit  of  sickness  Most  obedient  and  most 

I  am  obliged  to  write  you  by  the  hand  humble  servant 

of  my  Pupil.  HhKAZEti  Whkelock. 

Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


REVD.  DK.  POMROY  TO  SIR  WILLIAM  JOHNSON. 

Hebron  Septembr  8*  1762. 

Sir  The  Fame  of  your  Humanity,  &  Benevolence  in  general ;  and  especially,  what,  I  have  more, 
lately  heard  by  Mr.  Wheelwk,  of  your  Ibrwardness  to  encourage  the  Indian  School,  under  his  care 
emboldens  me  to  trouble  your  Hon'  with  a  Line,  or  two,  in  Favor  of  that  truly  noble,  &  cliaritable 
Design — and  as  I  am  pei-swadetl,  you  will  rejoice  at  an  opportunity  to  do  good  to  your  fellow-men, 
advance  the  Interpst  of  Christs  Kingdom  among  the  Heathen  Nations,  and  more  firmly  attach  them 
to  the  Crown  of  great  Brittain ;  and  as  I  am  somewhat  concerned,  in  tlie  Important  aflalr  of  s* 
scliool,  so  I  wo'd  now  earnestly  bespeak  your  Patronage  of  it ;  not  Dou'ting  but  that  you  will  be 
able  in  various  ways  to  subserve  the  truely  generous  Design. 

Mf  Wlieelock,  having  acted  liltherto  very  much  alone,  in  the  Important  Business,  and  his  true 
cliaracter  not  very  universally  known  ;  It  appears  reasonable,  those  who  encourage  him  in  it,  sho'd 
have  gome  proper  testimonials  of  his  qualification  for  it,  1  therefore  now  take  the  freedom  to  transmit 
to  you  Inclosed  in  this;  a  Coppy  of  a  Letter  of  Recommendation,  sent  to  Mr.  Debert,  Merchant  la 
London  ;  Tlie  perusal,  wliereof  may  jwssibly  give  you  all  the  satisfaction,  at  present  necessary,  and 
excuse  from  troubling  you  any  further,  Him,  who  Is,  with  the  utmost  Respect 

Your  Honour's  most  sincere,  most  obedient,  and  very  Hum'«  ser"* 

To  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet.  Benjamin  Pomrov. 

•,•  Ki'v.  Dr.  Pomroy,  brother-in-law  of  the  Rcv.EIeazcr  'Vrhcelock.  graduated  at  Tulc  in  17"3,  and  was  ordaiucd  in  1735. 
He  si'rvod  as  a  Cliaplaiii  in  the  French  and  Revolutionary  wars,  and  died  at  Hebron,  Dec.,  178-1,  aged  80  years,  He  is  repr»< 
scntcd  us  ou«  of  the  best  preachers  of  his  day. — Allen. 


H 


i 


rr-aim 


' 


I 


1 1 


304 


PAnCRM    IlKLATINO    TO   THE   BIX    NATlONI. 


[iiiioliMura  In  l>r  I'nairnjr'i  UtUi.] 

Cliilwa  ill  Nor;vUli  J.^'>  ,'t«ii  iwl. 
Sir,  We  Ministers  of  the  Oi)»|h'I,  iiiul  Pu^tum  ofClmreliM,  hfrciiltfr  iiieiillDiifil  wli  r  Sunii:f, 
having  tor  u  nunilter  of  yearH  piiMt  lieiinl  uf,  or  seen  witli  |ilciisur»  the  /eul,  Courage,  mul  ilriii 
HeNohitlon  of  tlie  iii'v'  Klraziir  Whetluek  of  I.ehanon  to  prosei-ute  to  Klli-ef,  a  neHi^ii  of  M|lrea(ll:l^ 
the  Gu!4]>el  amonu;  the  Nullves  In  the  Wlkla  of  our  Amerlnt,  anil  especially  iiis  I'erseveranee  la  It 
uaiiiht  the  inuny  {leenliar  Diseoura^itenieuls  he  had  to  eiu-ounter  during  the  late  years  of  the  War 
here,  ami  upon  a  I'lan  wliUli  appears  tu  us  to  have  the  greattut  prolmhillty  of  SueeeMs  Viz,  by 
the  Mission  of  tlieir  own  Sons  ;  and  as  we  are  verily  persuaded  that  the  smiles  of  divhie  I'rovi- 
dence  upon  his  Scliuol,  and  lliu  Sueeess  of  his  endeavours  hitlierto.  Justly  may  and  ought  tu 
rneuurage  him,  and  all,  to  believe  it  to  be  uf  Uml  and  that  which  he  will  own  and  sueeeed  for  the 
glory  of  his  own  great  Name  in  the  Enlargement  of  the  KIngilom  uf  our  divine  Uedeenier,  us  well 
as  fur  the  great  lienetlt  of  tlie  Crown  of  Great  liritain,  and  especially  of  his  Majestys  Dondnlons  in 
America,  So  we  apjirehend  tiie  jtreseut  oj)enings  In  Trovldenee  ouglit  tu  invite  Christians  uf  every 
Denomination  to  Unite  their  Kudeavoura  and  lend  a  helping  hand  in  carrying  on  the  cliaritable  design, 
and  we  are  heartily  sorry  if  Party  Spirit  and  Party  dltl'erences  sluiU  at  all  obstruct  tlie  Progress  uf 
it,  or  the  old  Leaven  in  this  Laud  lermcnt  upon  this  Occasion,  and  give  a  watcliful  adver^ary  (Ijipor- 
tuulty  so  to  turn  the  cuur^o  uf  Kndeavuurs  intu  another  Ciiannel  as  tu  defeat  the  design  of  spreading 
the  Gospel  among  tiie  Heathoi,  tu  ]irevent  which,  and  encourage  Unaidmity,  and  /eal  in  (trose- 
cutlng  the  design,  we  look  upon  it  our  Duty  as  Christians,  and  esi)eclally  as  Ministers  of  the  Go8j)el 
to  give  our  Testimony,  that  as  we  verily  believe,  a  dislnterestud  Kegurd  to  tlie  Advancement  of  the 
Redeemer's  Kingdom,  and  the  Good  of  bis  Majesty's  Dominions  In  America  were  tiie  gfjverniug 
Motives  whicli  at  first  induced  tiie  lirv^  M'  Wheelock  to  enter  upon  the  great  all'air,  and  lo  risk  his 
own  private  Interest  as  lie  has  done  since  in  carrying  it  on,  so  we  esteem  bis  Plan  to  lie  good,  Ida 
Measures  prudently  and  well  concerted,  his  Endowments  peculiar,  his  Zeal  fervent,  his  Endeavours 
indefatigable  for  the  accomplisliing  this  design,  and  we  know  no  Man  likendnded  who  will  naturally 
care  for  the  State.  May  God  prolong  his  Life,  and  make  him  extensively  useful  in  the  Kingdom 
of  Christ.  We  have  also  some  of  us  at  his  desire  exandned  his  Acconipts,  and  find  that  beside 
giving  in  all  his  own  Labour  and  trouble  in  the  Aflair,  he  has  charge<l  for  the  Support,  Schooling 
&c»  of  the  Youth  at  the  lowest  rate  it  couKl  be  done  fi^r,  as  the  price  of  things  have  been,  and 
still  is  amongst  us,  and  we  apprehend  the  generous  Donations  already  made,  have  been,  and  we  are 
confident  will  be  laid  out  in  tlie  most  prudent  maimer,  and  with  the  best  advice  for  the  furthering 
of  the  important  Design,  and  we  pray  Gotl  abundantly  to  reward  the  liberality  of  any  upon  this 
occasion,  and  we  hope  the  Generosity,  especially  of  Persons  of  distinction  and  Note  will  bo  a  happy 
lead  and  inducement  to  still  greater  lil)eralities,  and  in  Consequence  thereof,  the  wide  pxteuded  Wil- 
derness of  America  will  Vdossom  as  the  Rose,  habitations  of  Cruelty  become  dwelling  places  of 
Rigliteousness,  and  the  blessings  of  Thousands  ready  to  perisli  come  upon  all  those,  whose  Love  to 
Chi-ist  and  Chai-ity  to  them  has  been  shown  upon  this  Occasion,  which  is  the  hearty  Prayer  of 

Sir  Your  most  sincere  Friends  and 
humble  Servants 
Pastor  of  the  first  Chh  in  Stonington 
Pastor  of  the  Second  Chh  in  Stonington 
Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Chilsea  in  Norwich 
Pastor  of  the  first  Church  in  Hebron 
Pastor  of  the  Church  at  Gilead  in  Hebron 
Pastor  of  a  Church  in  Stonington 


Ebenezer  Rossiter, 
Josepli  Fish, 
Nathaniel  Whitaker, 
lienjamin  Pomroy, 
Elijah  Luthrop, 
Nathaniel  Eells, 


t^  i 


PApmS    HCLATINO    TO   Tilt   Hlx    M^.TIONS. 


20& 


MuthlT  li.Vlf!!, 

Juiiiitlum  UurlM'f, 
Mnttlivw  Cti-uvi's, 
VvU'r  PowfM, 
Daiilfl  kirtluiid, 
Aslu'i"  Uosjiiter, 
JiiU-/.  Wl^ht, 
Duvia  J«'wi'tf, 
Ji<-iijaiiilii  Tliri)o|), 
Sainiit:!  MoMvly, 
SU-plirn  Wliltf, 
Kicliuiil  Salter, 
Timothy  Allen, 
Kphiatiu  Little, 
llohart  KaotabiiMjk, 
Juscph  Fowler, 
Benjamin  Uoardman, 
John  Norton, 
Benjamin  Dunning, 


I'astor  of  the  flritt  Chh  In  New  London 

I'aKtor  of  a  Chh  In  Oroton 

Missionary  at  New  London 

I'astor  of  tlio  Church   at  Newent  In   Norwich 

former  I'astor  of  the  Chh  at   Newent  in  Norwich 

l'a.stor  of  tlie  tlrst  Church  in  I'ression 

I'astor  of  tliu  fourth  Chh  In  Norwich 

I'astor  of  the  HeeondC'hh  In  New  London 

I'aHtor  of  u  Cliurch  in  NorwUii 

I'astor  of  a  CIiiutIi  in  Windham 

I'astor  of  a  Church  in  Windluuu 

I'astor  of  u  Cliurch  in  Manstlelil 

I'astor  of  the  Church  ut  Ashford 

I'astor  of  the  Hrst  Chh  in  Colchester 

I'astor  of  a  Chli  In  East  lutddiun 

I'astor  of  u  Chli  iu  East  liaddam 

I'listor  of  the  4t"  Chli  of  Clirist  in  Middletuwn 

I'astor  of  the  C'h  Chli  of  Christ  In  MIddletown 


I'astor  of  u  Chh  of  Christ  iu  Marlborough 

The  above  aad  foregoing  is  u  True  Copy  of  the  Original  examined  by  ns. 

S  SAMt'EL  Gkay 
(  Samuel  Kihtland 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  DR.  POMROY. 

Johnson  Hall  October  \m  1762. 

Sir  The  other  day  I  was  favoiu-ed  with  yours  of  the  8»h  ult°  together  with  a  Letter  of  Itecom- 
mendation  sent  to  M'  Debert  iu  London, 

I  shall  \w  always  ready  to  do  any  thing  In  my  power  f(jr  the  public  good  and  the  promoting 
knowledge  and  instruction  amongst  the  Indians,  and  am  very  glad  to  find  a  Gentleman  of  your  pious 
sentiments  and  abilities  is  in  some  measure  concerned  in  the  School  witli  M'  Wheelock  concerning 
whom  I  have  always  entertained  tlie  most  favourable  Sentiments,  and  therefore  have  not  the  least 
doubt  of  his  Qualifications  for  the  discharge  of  that  Trust. 

The  testimonials  in  his  behalf  which  you  transmitted,  deserve  all  due  regard,  and  shall  be  con- 
sidered by  me  as  proofs  of  the  Esteem  whicli  is  paid  to  his  Character. 

I  shall  at  all  times  be  glad  to  promote  so  useful  a  design  and  heartily  wish  you  success  in  your 

undertakings. 

I  am  Sir  Your  well  wisher 

and  Humble  Servant 

The  Rev*  M'  Pomroy.  Wm.  Johnson. 


11 


206 


PAPKHS    UliXATING   TO   THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


Sill  W.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

Johnson  Hall  Ocf  IG"'  1762. 

Sir  I  have  h-^en  favoured  with  yours  of  the  S^""  ult°,  and  agree  with  you  in  opinion  that  the 
Indian  Children  will  not  improve  in  tlieir  Studys  near  so  much  from  the  method  proposed  of  Krocting 
Schools  in  their  Nations,  as  they  wouM  do  according  to  your  plan  of  Education,  whereby  tliey  are 
kept  out  of  the  way  of  &  uninfluenced  by  bad  Example,  but  notwithstanding  these  my  sentiments 
on  tha-t  head  I  should  not  chuse  to  interfere  therein  as  those  Gentlemen  cannot  but  observe  on  due 
consideration  tlie  advanttiges  which  the  one  plan  hath  in  preference  to  the  other. 

Wliilst  the  Indians  remain  in  their  present  Sentiments  it  will  be  highly  improper  to  attempt  any 
Settlement  in  their  Country  as  they  are  greatly  disgusted  at  the  great  Thirst  which  we  all  seem  to 
shew  for  their  Lands,  and  therefore  I  must  give  it  as  my  opinion  that  any  Settlement  on  the  Susque- 
hanna River  may  prove  fatal  to  those  who  should  attempt  to  Establish  themselves  thereon,  as  tlie 
Indians  iiave  all  declared  not  only  their  great  aversion  thereto,  but  have  also  threatned  to  prevent 
any  such  Settlement,  so  that  I  hope  the  dangers  to  which  they  may  be  Exposed,  together  with 
your  Governor's  proclamation  against  the  same,  will  induce  those  concerned  to  drop  their 
undertaking. 

When  I  can  find  out  the  English  youth  you  mention,  I  shall  endeavour  to  comply  with  your 
request  if  I  find  he  will  answer  your  purpose.  I  am  glad  to  hear  that  the  Boys  prosecute  their 
studies  with  diligence  and  how  you  have  perfectly  recovered  of  your  late  indisposition,  as  I  am 

Sir  Your  well  wisher  and  very  humble  Servant 

The  Revi  M'  Wheelock  Wm,  Johnson. 


SIR  WiM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY, 

RESPECTING    A    NEW    EDITION   OF   THE    INDIAN    PRAYER    BOOK. 

Johnson  Hall  Oct'  16«h  1762. 

Dear  Sir  When  I  was  last  at  New  York  I  acquainted  you  with  my  design  of  having  a  new  Edition 
of  the  Indian  Prayer  Book  printed  of  whicii  you  were  pleased  to  undertake  tlie  inspection. 

I  now  tlierefore  herewith  transmit  you  the  old  Edition,  whicli  as  it  wanted  the  Singing  Psalms,  I 
therefore  send  you  such  of  them  in  Manuscript  as  1  liave  been  able  to  procure,  togetiier  with  tlie 
Coiurauniou  Service,  &  Public  Baptism  of  Infants  &c.  which  they  Avould  be  desirous  to  liave  inserted, 
as  also  some  Prayers  of  the  propriety  of  which  you  are  the  most  proper  Judge,  you  will  therefore 
please  to  do  tlierein  as  you  sliall  Judge  best. 

You  will  please  to  direct  tliat  there  be  printed  400  Setts  on  a  better  type,  and  paper  than  that  of 
tlio  Former  and  as  the  Square  Figure  of  tliat  Edition  rendered  it  soraewliat  inconvenient  the  present 
may  make  a  handsome  small  Octavo. 

In  order  to  bestow  on  principal  People,  I  would  chuse  to  have  20  Setts  out  of  the  beforementionrd 
400  printed  on  a  fine  Paper  &  type  and  neatly  bound.  Lettered  on  the  back  and  gilt,  of  two  Setts  of 
which  I  must  beg  your  acceptance,  &  tliat  you  will  make  any  alterations  or  additions  which  you 
may  think  necessary  thro'out  the  work  ordering  the  siime  to  be  bound  in  such  manner  as  you  shall 
judge  most  fitting. 


PAPERS    RELATING   TO  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


207 


I  am  convinced  yovi  will  have  particular  pleasure  in  taking  under  your  inspection  a  perfi)rmance 
calculated  for  the  instruction  of  tlie  ignorant,  &  the  promoting  of  Christianity  which  witli  my  expe- 
rience of  your  abilities  are  tlie  principal  inducem**  to  offer  you  this  trouble  by  recommending  the 
whole  to  your  care.  I  am, 

The  Rev^  D'  Barclay  '  with  Sincerity,  Dear  Sir,  &c. 


REVO  MR  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  20'h  Jaiiry  A  D  1763. 

Sir  The  inclosed  from  M'  Charles  Jeffery  Smith '  is  not  the  Fruit  of  an  Entluisiastic  turn  of  Mind 
or  any  Freak  of  a  heated  Imagination,  but  tlie  Result  of  much  Deliberation  &  good  Advice;  and 
your  Hon»  may  depend  upon  it  as  such. 

He  is  a  young  Gentleman  of  about  22  years  of  age.  He  received  the  Honours  of  our  College  five 
years  ago  ;  and  has  obtained  a  good  and  unblemished  Cliaracter.  He  had  tlie  offer  of  the  Place  and 
Office  of  a  Tutor  in  our  College  last  Fall  but  refiised  it  Ibr  the  sake  of  teaching  this  Indian  School 
gratis.  He  is  the  only  son  of  his  Father,  who  lived  at  Brook  Haven  on  Long  Island,  and  there 
died  about  15  years  ago.  And  the  estate  left  to  this  young  Gentleman,  he  supposes  to  be  sufficient 
to  support  himself  and  an  Interpreter  in  tlie  Busine5S  of  a  Missi<fniuy  among  the  Indians,  to  wliicli 
Purpose  he  seems  inclined  to  devote  it.  I  esteem  liiiu  remarkably  turn'd  fur  that  Business.  And 
make  no  doubt  your  Hon''  will  Jiavo  much  satisfaction  in  him  wlien  you  shall  have  opportunity 
to  know  his  worth  by  personal  acquaintance  with  him  ;  for  I  think  you  will  find  the  amiable 
Cliaracters  of  a  Gentleman,  a  Scliolar,  and  a  Christian  very  agreably  meeting  in  him. 

And  the  poor  Heathen  will  not  iiave  occasion  tool>ject  against  liim  as  tliey  have  done  against  some 
"that  lie  loves  liimself  and  his  money  more  than  the  Indians." 

Josej)!!  and  the  rest  of  the  Boys  from  ) our  Quarter  are  all  well  and  make  good  Progress  in 
Learning.  I  was  much  discouraged  witli  the  bigest  Abraham  fur  some  Time,  but  he  does  very  well 
of  late. 

Josepli  is  indeed  an  excellent  youth,  he  has  much  indeared  himself  to  me,  as  well  as  to  his 
Master,  and  every  body  else,  by  his  good  Behaviour  When  M''  Smith  first  proposed  to  me  his 
taking  him  for  his  Interpreter,  I  opposed  it,  fearing  it  would  .bstruct  his  Studies,  and  expose  him 
to  get  into  a  roving  unsettled  State  ;  but  upon  furtlier  Consideration  I  am  of  Opinion  it  will  be  best, 
as  M'  Smith  is  apt  and  able  to  teacli,  ami  proposes  to  bed  and  board  witli  him.  If  it  sliould  prove 
otherwise  and  be  a  mean  to  prevent  liis  pursuing  his  Studies  afterwards  I  sliall  be  very  sorry. 

I  very  Thankfully  acknowledge  the  Keceijit  of  yours  by  M''  Kingsley,  but  your  Letter  to  Joseph 
which  you  mention  in  that  to  me,  never  arrived,  nor  can  I  guess  what  was  tlie  Fate  of  it. 

My  School  now  consists  of  25,  wlio  depend  wliolly  upon  the  Cliarities  of  Gods  people  for  their 
support,  and  if  the  Hearts  of  Gentlemen  shall  continue  open  to  contribute  supplies  for  it,  we  must 
In  a  little  Time  determine  where  to  fix  it  in  order  to  build  conveniently  for  it. 

1  Rev.  C.  J.  Smith  was  a  dosoendant  of  Col.  Willinm  Smith  of  St.  George's  Manor,  L.  I.  It  is  surmised  that  his  father 
was  Henry  S.,  wlio  died  in  1747.  He  was  ordained  at  Lebanon  in  June,  1703,  and  was  ordered  to  proceed  to  Ounliophqnage 
as  a  missionary,  but  he  liad  not  time  to  cd'oct  mncli  good  in  that  quarter,  as  liis  labors  were  interrupted  by  tlie  Pontiao 
war.  He  returned  in  coiiseciueiice,  and  went  to  Brooklias'en  where  he  resided  in  17('>t>.  He  afterwards  itinerated  in  the  south 
and  was  very  successful  as  a  preacher  among  the  colored  population  of  Virginia.  He  devoted  much  of  his  means  to  charitalile 
purposes.     En. 


ii 


iU 


208 


PAPERS    RELATING   TO   THE   SIX   NATIONS. 


Governour  Wentworth  has  offered  a  Tract  of  Land  in  the  western  part  of  the  Province  of  New 
Hampshire  wliich  lie  is  now  settling,  for  the  use  o.*'  It  if  we  will  fix  it  there.  And  tliore  has  been 
some  Tttlk  of  fixing  it  iu  one  of  the  New  Townships  in  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  wliicli  lie 
upon  New  York  Line  near  Albany.  But  wliether  either  of  those  Places,  or  here  where  it  now  is 
will  be  best  for  the  Furtherance  of  the  general  Design,  is  not  yet  determined.  I  niucli  want  to 
consult  your  Honour  in  the  Affair,  but  must  wait  upon  providence,  and  remain  with  sincere 
esteem  and  respect.  Your  Honours 

Most  obedient,  and  Most  Humble  Servant 

Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet.  Eleazar  Wheelock. 

April.  10.  17(53. 

This  Letter  has  lain  by  waiting  for  an  opportunity  till  now,  and  what  the  fate  of  it  will  be  I  cant 
tell.  Your  Two  to  Joseph  came  as  he  informs  you.  had  the  former  came  seasonably  he  sliould 
likely  have  gone  with  Kirtland  to  N.  Jersey  College,  but  I  appreliend  it  i?,  all  things  considered, 
better  as  it  is,  I  purpose  to  take  him  with  me  to  Portsmouth  about  160  miles  tliis  Spring  and  would 
not  have  you  expect  him  till  June  when  M'.  Smitli  Designs  to  take  the  journey  with  him. 

I  am  Yours  ut  ante 

E.  Wheelock. 


1:   t 


MR.  SMITH  TO  SIU  WILLIAM  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  January  IS'*"  A.  D.  1763. 

Sir  Though  I  have  not  the  Honor  of  personal  Acquaintance  with  you,  yet  the  important  and 
repeated  services  you  have  done  Your  Coiuitry.  have  long  made  me  acquainted  witli  Your  Cliarecter, 
whicli  sliines  witli  sucli  distinguished  Lustre  in  the  Annals  of  Fame. 

Yet  T  should  not  presume  to  give  j<ni  tliis  Trouble,  was  I  not  moved  and  emboldened  hereto,  liy 
an  Ah.  .r  of  some  Importance,  the  Execution  of  wliicli  depends  much  on  Your  Honours  Ajiprobation. 

This  Necessity  I  hope  your  Candour  will  admit  as  a  sufficient  Excuse,  for  tlie  Liberty  a  Stranger 
takes  in  writeing  to  you  :  and  therefore  without  furtlier  Apology  I  beg  Leave  to  lay  tlic  Aflair 
before  you. 

I  propose  next  Summer  to  take  an  excursion  into  the  Mohawk  Country  as  a  Missionary;  and  being 
a  stranger  to  tlie  Indian  Dialect,  I  must  of  Consequence  improve  an  Interpreter,  having  spent  some 
Time  liere  as  a  sclioolmaster,  (witli  that  worthy  Gentleman  and  eminent  Friend  of  Indians  The 
Revi  M'.  Wheelock)  I  have  Cf>ntracted  an  intimate  Acquaintance  with  Joseph  vho  I  understand  is 
high  in  your  afliection  and  esteem,  and  lias  the  Wisdom  and  Prudence  to  resign  himself  to  your 
Direction  and  Conduct — as  If*;  is  a  promising  Youtli,  of  a  sprightly  Genius,  singular  Modesty,  and 
a  Serious  Turn,  I  know  of  none  so  well  calculated  to  answer  my  End  as  He  is — in  which  Design 
He  woud  very  Willinijly  and  cheerfully  engage  shoud  Your  Honour  consent  to  and  approve  of  it. 

He  lias  so  much  endeared  Himself  to  mo  by  his  Amiable  Deportment ;  his  Laudable  Thirst  after 
and  Progress  in  Learning:  that  did  I  not  appreliend  this  woud  be  as  beneficial  to  Him,  as  advanta- 
geous to  me,  I  shoud  neither  desire  his  Assistance  nor  solicit  Your  Approbation. 

but  I  apprehend  I  can  much  sooner  perfect  Him  in  the  English  Language,  and  better  instruct  Him 
in  whatever  He  shall  have  occasion  to  learn,  when  he  is  constantly  with  me,  and  I  can  devote 
myself  so  much  more  to  his  Service,  than  when  in  the  School  where  a  large  Numlier  are  to  be  takeu 


VkPtii  tMtAfOtG  io  "^t  MtH  HAriltm. 


m 


care  of  in  conjunction  with  Him — and  perhaps  this  woud  be  a  Spur  to  Him,  as  well  as  an  additional 
Motive  with  Me,  to  take  particular  Pains  in  accomplishing  Him  for  such  a  Service,  and  so  the 
general  Design  of  His  Education  be  rather  forwarded  tlian  retarded. 

Shoud  Your  Honour  acquiesce  in,  and  approve  of  the  Proposal,  I  shoud  immediately  take  upon 
me  the  whole  Expence  of  his  Education  ;  and  so  long  as  he  serves  in  the  Character  of  an  Inter- 
preter, would  allow  him  a  genteel  Reward. 

Tlie  present  Excursion  is  designed  only  for  a  few  montlis,  after  which  He  can  return  again  to 
tills  Scliool,  so  that  I  imagine  if  its  of  i}o  Advantage,  it  can  be  but  of  little  disadvantage  to  Him.  but 
if  there  shoud  be  farther  occasion  for  Him  and  it  shoud  be  agreable  to  You  to  have  Him  con- 
tinued in  such  a  Service,  I  trust  that  I  shall  do  Honourably  by  Him. 

If  Your  Honour  woud  be  pleased  to  acquaint  nie  with  Your  Sentiments  relative  hereto,  it  woud 
be  received  as  a  Favour,  And  acknowledged  with  Gratitude  by  Him,  who,  relying  on  Your  Candour 
to  excuse  the  Prolixity,  and  pardon  tlie  Inaccuracies  of  this  Letter,  begs  Leave  in  the  most  Re- 
spectful Manner  to  Subscribe  Himself 

Your  Honours  most  Obedient  Humble  Servant 

Sir  William  Johnson.  Charles  Jeffrv  Smith. 


MR.  WEYMAN,  PRINTER,  TO  THE  RE7.  DR.  BARCLAY. 

CONCERNING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 

Rev^  Sir  I  crave  your  Pardon  for  not  answering  you  sooner  relating  to  the  Prayer  Book: — The 
Government  Work  laid  heavj  on  my  Hands  at  the  Time  you  sent  it;  but  having  now  dispatcli'd 
it,  can  begin  upon  tlie  Book  as  soon  as  Sir  William  thinks  proper  to  engage  at  the  Prices  and  form 
mentioned.  I  am.  Sir, 

N.  York,  April  2'^  1763.  Your  obliged.  Humble  Servant, 

To  Df  Barclay.  •  Wm.  Wevman.i 

1  'WiLitAii  Wetxan  was  son  of  the  rector  of  the  Episcopal  church  ut  Oxford,  Phiindelphia  Co.,  Pa.  He  served  his  time  to 
Wm.  Bradford  in  Philadelphia,  and  in  Jan.  1753  becf.me  a  partner  of  John  Parktc  o;'  iew  York.  AVeyman  managed  the  con- 
cerns of  this  firm  which  published  a  newsp8i)er  caiii .),  '  e  N.  Y.  fJnzctte  or  Weekly  Post  Boy,  and  several  hooks.  A  piece 
entitled  "Observations  on  the  Circumstancos  aiid  Con'"  .  i  of  the  ponple  in  the  counties  of  Ulster  and  Orange  in  the  Prov'ce  of 
New  York,"  from  the  pen  of  the  Rev.  IIezt;ki.i>'.  Wft  Uina  of  N.wburgli,  having  appeared  in  the  paper  of  the  15th  March, 
1705,  the  Assembly  on  whose  conduct  it  reflected,  t'  ok  luobrage  and  summoned  tlic  printers  to  their  bar.  AVeyman  alone 
appeared  at  first,  but  Parker  came  into  town  imi  I'-'.iitely  ind  surrendered  himself  to  the  Sergeant  at  Arms,  but  on  petition 
they  were  shortly  afterwards  discharged.  A\aikin.i  vas  Missi( :  ury  of  the  Society  for  Propagating  theGo.spel;  on  being 
arrested  by  order  of  the  House  in  the  co.i  .  jf  tue  following  yiui,  he  acknowledged  himself  the  author  of  tlie  piece,  was 
reprimanded  and  discharged.  In  Jan.  175',.,  Wcyman'.i  ])Krt:.ership  witl;  Parker  was  dissolved,  and  on  10th  Feb.  he  com- 
menced the  publication  of  the  N.  Y.  Gazette,  which  was  printed  on  u  crown  .•sheet  every  Monday.  In  Nov.  17G0,  he  became 
public  printer,  and  was  appointed  to  print  Smith  &  Livingston's  edition  >■!  the  Laws.  In  Nov.  1760  he  printed  in  his  paper 
the  address  of  the  Assembly  to  Gov.  Moore,  in  wliicli  the  House  said,  among  other  things,  "  Your  Excellency  has  done  us  no 
more  than  justice  in  supposing  that  we  will  clieeifuUy  co-operate  with  you."  Weyman  by  some  blunder  omitted  the  little  word 
"  no,"  and  for  this  was  arraigned  again  before  the  rcpresentati\os  of  the  people.  He  threw  the  blame  on  one  of  his  journey- 
men, but  was  unable  to  prove  the  allegation.  He  was  dismissed  on  asking  pardon,  and  promising  to  bo  more  careful  for  the 
ftituro.*  Parker,  his  lots  partner,  having  been  appointed  post-ma  I'er  at  New  York,  is  accused  by  Weyman  of  suppressing 
the  copies  of  the  Gazette  placed  in  the  P.  O.  for  distribution.  Whether  this  was  true  or  not,  the  circulation  of  his  paper  fell 
ofTto  such  an  t-xtent  that  it  ceased  to  bepublisheii  Dec.  28, 1707.  Its  pioprietur  did  not  long  survive  it.  On  the  15th  January 
following  he  resigned  his  office  as  public  printer  and  after  a  lingering  illness,  which  had  for  some  time  rendered  him  incapable 
of  business,  he  died  in  New  York  on  the  18th  July  1708.  It  ..p;i";:.rs  by  one  of  the  letters  in  this  series,  that  he  died 
bankrupt.    £d. 

*  The  Jonmal  of  the  Assembly  of  the  Pmv.  of  New  York  for  the  Session  of  176G,  being  unfoi  .inately  omitted  in  the  printed  edition,  w* 
have  no  means  of  oomparing  the  above  Btatement  (made  in  Thomas's  Hist,  of  Printing)  with  the  Votes  of  the  House. 

Vol..  IV.  27 


m 


'•it 


m 


I 


U9 


VAPEBa   &SLATINO   TO   THE  8IX   NATIOMN. 


I 


BEV.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  GENL  AMHERST. 

Lebanon,  Connecticut,  April  2, 1763. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency, 

The  narrative  herewitli  inclosed,  gives  your  Excellency  some  short  account  of  the  success  of  my 
feeble  endeavours,  through  the  blessing  of  God  upon  them,  in  the  alfair  tliere  related. 

Your  Excellency  will  easily  see,  that  if  the  number  of  youth  in  this  school  continues  to  increase, 
as  it  has  done,  and  as  our  prospects  are  tliat  it  will  do,  we  shall  soon  be  obliged  to  build  to  accom- 
modate them,  and  accordingly  to  determine  upon  the  place  where  to  fix  it.  And  I  would  humbly 
submit  to  your  Excellency's  consideration  the  following  proposal,  viz. 

That  a  tract  of  land,  about  fifteen  or  twenty  miles  square,  or  so  much  as  shall  be  sufficient  for  four 
townships,  on  the  west  side  of  Susquehanna  River,  or  in  some  other  place  more  convenient,  in  the 
heart  of  the  Indian  country,  be  granted,  in  favor  of  this.  Sciiool.  The  said  townships  be  peopled 
witli  a  chosen  number  of  inhabitants  of  known  honesty,  integrity,  and  such  as  love  and  will  be  kind 
to,  and  honest  in  their  dealings  with  Indians. 

That  a  thousand  acres  of,  antl  witliiu  said  grant,  be  given  to  this  school.  And  that  the  School 
be  an  Academy  for  all  parts  of  useful  learning  ;  part  of  it  to  be  a  College  for  the  education  of  mis- 
sionaries, interpreters,  school  masters,  &c.;  and  part  of  it  a  school  to  teach  reading,  writing,  &c. 
And  that  there  be  manufuctures  for  the  instruction  both  of  males  and  females,  in  whatever  sluill  lie 
useful  and  necessary  in  lile,  and  proper  tutors,  masters,  and  mistresses  be  provided  for  the  same. 
That  those  towns  be  furnished  with  niiiiisters  of  the  best  characters,  and  such  as  are  of  ability,  when 
incori>orated  with  a  number  of  the  most  understanding  of  the  inhabitants,  to  conduct  the  affairs  of 
the  school,  and  of  such  missions  as  they  shall  have  occasion  and  ability  for,  from  time  to  time.  That 
there  be  a  sufficient  number  of  laborers  upon  the  lands  belonging  to  the  school ;  and  that  the  students 
be  obliged  to  labor  with  them,  and  under  their  direction  and  conduct,  so  much  as  shall  be  necessary 
for  their  health,  and  to  give  them  an  understanding  of  husbandry.  And  those  who  are  designed 
for  farmers,  after  they  have  got  a  sullicient  degree  of  sciiool  learning,  to  labor  constantly,  and  tlie 
school  to  have  all  the  benefit  of  tlieir  Inbor,  and  they  the  benefit  of  being  instructed  therein,  till 
they  are  of  an  age  and  understanding  suU'cient  to  set  up  for  tliemselves,  and  introduce  husbandry 
among  their  respective  tribes.  Anil  that  there  be  a  moderate  tax  upon  all  the  granted  lands,  after 
the  first  ten  or  fifteen  years,  and  also  some  duty  upon  mills,  &c.  which  shall  not  be  burdensome  to  the 
inhabitants,  for  the  support  of  the  school,  or  missionaries  among  the  Indians,  &c. 

By  this  mean  much  expence,  and  many  inconveniences  occasioned  by  our  great  distance  from  them, 
would  be  prevented,  our  missionaries  be  much  better  supported  and  provided  for,  especially  in 
case  of  sickness,  &c.  Parents  and  children  he  more  contented,  being  nearer  to  one  another,  and  likely 
many  persuaded  to  send  their  children  for  an  education  who  are  now  dissuaded  from  it,  only  on 
account  of  the  great  distance  of  tlie  school  from  tlicm. 

The  bearer,  Mr.  Charles  Jeffrey  Smith,  is  able  if  your  Excellency  desires  it,  to  give  you  a  more 
full  and  particular  account  of  the  present  slate  of  this  School,  having  been  for  some  time  the  master 
and  instructor  of  it,  and  is  now  dosigiieil  with  the  leave  of  Providence,  the  ensuing  summer,  to 
make  an  excursion,  as  a  missionary  among  the  Indians,  with  an  interpreter  from  this  school.  And  by 
him  your  Excellency  may  favour  me  witli  your  thoughts  on  what  I  have  proposed. 

I  am  with  slncerest  duty  and  esteem  May  it  please  your  Excellency 

your  Excellency's  most  obedient  and  most  humble  servant, 

El.F.AZAR    WHEEr.OCK. 


'; 


PAPXB8   KELATINO   TO  THE  SIX  NATIOMB. 


211 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY. 

CONCERNING  THE   INDIAN   PRAYER   BOOK. 

Johnson  Hall  Apri  29Ui  1763. 

Sir,  I  have  been  favored  with  yours  of  the  12U>  inst.  which  needed  no  Apology  as  I  never  in  the 
least  doubted  your  assiduity  and  inclination  to  forward  a  Work  which  I  flatter  myself  will  under 
your  inspection  prove  of  great  utility  to  the  propagation  of  Christian  knowledge. 

I  herewith  Enclose  you  the  plan  which  I  most  approve  of  for  the  Size  &  Quantity  of  the  Book 
the  same  being  much  more  portable  than  the  other,  and  must  therefore  request  you  will  give 
directions  accordingly,  and  that  you  will  likewise  be  so  good  as  to  give  such  Necessary  Assistances 
therein  as  you  shall  Judge  Expedient,  for  which  purpose  Capt  Claus  lias  sent  you  the  Old  Printed 
Book,  as  also  that  any  other  Offices  &c  which  you  can  afford  may  be  inserted  for  rendering  the 
present  Edition  more  Compleat  than  the  former. 

I  am  glad  you  approve  of  my  Sentiments  concerning  the  Missionaries  which  are  not  only  very 
Requisite  amongst  the  Indians,  but  will  tend  to  advance  the  Established  Church  which  is  in  great 
want  of  a  proper  support  in  these  parts.  I  am  &c. 

D'  Barclay. 


,tm\ 


REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Hartford  May  16ti>  1763. 

Sir,  May  it  please  your  Honour, 

I  received  last  Evening  a  Paper  with  your  Seal  inclosing  a  Letter  to  Joseph  from  his  Sister  ;>  wrote, 
I  suppose  in  the  Moliawk  Language  ;  and  by  whicli  he  informs  me,  he  is  ordered  to  come  directly 
home ;  tliat  the  Indians  are  displeased  with  his  being  here  at  School,  that  tliey  don't  like  the  People 
&c,  w])ir,h  has  occasioned  no  small  Exercise  to  my  Mind,  and  many  Turnings  of  Thoughts  what 
should  be  the  Occasion  or  meaning  of  it. 

In  my  last  to  you,  I  informed  you  of  the  truly  noble,  and  charitable  Design  of  M'' Charles  Jeffry  Smith 
(who  1ms  been  Joseph's  Tutor  last  winter),  his  Purpose  to  come  witli  Joseph  to  you  as  soon  as  he 
could  get  leady  for  tlie  Business  of  his  proposed  Mission,  aud  that  I  designed  to  takj  Joseph  with 
me  to  Boston  &  Portsmouth  &c,  and  tliat  you  might  expect  hiri  in  June  &c  but  whether  you  have 
received  that  Letter  with  others  from  M'  Smith  and  Joseph  I  don't  learn,  but  suppose  it  likely  you 
ha'ii't  yet  received  tliem.  And  inasmuch  as  there  was  nothing  wrote  to  me  manifesting  your 
Pleasure  in  tlie  Affair,  I  presume  your  Honoiu"  did  not  know  the  Contents  of  the  Inclosed  though  it 
came  under  your  Seal ;  and  how  to  conduct  in  the  Affair  I  am  at  a  great  Loss — M»  Smith  is  now  gone 
to  New  York  &c  to  prepare  for  his  Mission  ;  I  expect  him  back  soon,  and  if  he  comes  &  finds  Joseph 
gone,  whom  he  depend?  upon  for  a  Pilot  &  Companion  he  will  be  greatly  disappointed,  and  I  fear 
will  think  himself  very  i:ngratefuliy  treated.  Joseph  is  rendered  so  very  uneasy,  for  fear  of  gaining 
the  Displeasure  of  his  Friends,  that  I  am  doubtful  whether  it  will  do  to  detain  him,  and  to  send  him 
alone  will  not  be  well,  be  sure  on  Foot,  and  to  send  a  Horse  with  him  may  give  him  much  Trouble 
to  return  liim.    Nor  have  I  any  intimation  of  any  valuable  End  that  may  be  served  by  his  going 

1  Molly  Brant,  Sir  W.  Johnson's  "  bonsckeeper."    Ed. 


m^ 


fAPBBS    RELATING    TO   THE    SIX   MATIOMI. 


before  the  Time  proposed— And  as  Joseph  desires  to  put  himself  under  your  Honour's  Conduct,  as 
wliat  lie  apprehends  most  safe  &  prudent  for  him  to  do,  so  I  should  be  glad  your  Honour  would  as 
explicitly  as  you  please  let  me  know  your  Pleasure,  And  upon  the  whole  think  it  advisable  to  detain 
Joseph  (if  he  will  be  content  to  stay),  till  I  receive  your  Honour's  Pleasure,  or  till  the  Time  appointed 
for  his  coming  by  M»  Smith. 

And  I  am  with  Sincere  Respect  &  Esteem 

Your  Honour's  most  obedient  humble  Serv* 
Sir  William  Johnson.  Eleabai^  Wueelock. 


GEN.  AMHERST  TO  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

New  York,  May  23, 1763. 

Sir,  Th.  morning,  Mr.  Smith  delivered  me  your  letter  of  the  2l8t  [2JJ  >  ruil,  with  the  narrative 
enclosed,  »  ;h<  i  T  have  perused.  Tiie  design  is  a  very  commendable  one,  and  I  should  be  extremely 
liapp}  in  liu  •;  -  it  in  my  power,  to  be  any  ways  instrumental  in  civiliziiig  the  Indians,  and  promotr 
iug  fif'tnii  aries  of  leai-ning  in  this  country  ;  but  as  the  disposal  and  settlement  of  the  conquered  lands 
in  Asncri  a  mu.st  be  determined  by  His  Majesty,  and  that  there  is  reason  tobeleive  the  same  is  now 
umler  voiifiti'-'tion  at  home;  I  can  only  advise  you  to  make  apphcation  theie;  tor  I  have  no 
authority  \.  ,  r  er,  to  dispose  of  any  lands  in  this  count  v.  You  cannot  have  a  better  patron  than 
the  robleman  tj  whom  you  have  dedicated  your  narrative,  and  I  shall  hv  very  glad  to  hear  that  your 
apphcation  is  attended  with  success. 

I  am.  Sir,  Your  most  obedient  servant, 

Rev.  Eleazar  Wheelock.  Jeffry  Aauierst. 


REV.  DR.  BARCLAY  TO  RE\"D.  SAM^  JOHNSON. 

Rev*!  Sir  I  am  so  crampt  in  Time  that  I  cannot  give  You  a  particular  answer  to  yours  of  the  First 
Instant.  I  know  not  how  to  advise  M'.  Bennet'  to  go  amonest  tlie  Indians  in  this  unsettled  state 
of  things  amongst  Them.  I  am  in  hopes  we  shall  hear  better  acc"«  soon.  I  cannot  find  that  the 
Mohawks  approve  of  the  Measures  taken  by  the  other  Indian  Nations,  but  some  people  suspect 

1  Mr.  Bknnkt  was  originally  niustor  uf  tlie  first  i^chool,  established  iu  1741,  in  connection  with  the  Episcopal  Church  at 
Newport,  R.  I.  The  Mtiract  of  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  the  Gospel,  for  176o,  referring  to  liim  says  "  By  a  letter  from  Mr,  Cor- 
nelius Bennct,  Catechist  to  the  Mohawk  Indians,  inr  -  'd  in  i  Uer  from  the  Kevd.  Mr.  Apthorp,  dated  12  March,  1764,  we 
learn  that  .Mr.  Bcnnet  has  entered  upon  t'.je  work  oi  ,  ructhig  the  Indians,  and  has  a  fine  coin]>any  of  children  under  his 
care,  who  are  rcry  orderly  and  ingenious.  They  heai  prayers  morning  and  eve-  ing,  learn  to  read  English,  are  cateciiised  in 
the  Mohawk  Tongue,  taught  obedience  to  their  paiv  '  ■  the  observation  of  ii,  lAtvAn  day,  Bcsi^cct  to  their  Superiors,  and  • 
courteous  behaviour  to  all.  This,  he  .says,  i.s  the  t  ■!;■  English  »t.hool  ever  known  liere,  and  may  liy  a  divine  blessing,  sooth 
and  mollify  their  wild  fierce  Tempers.  The  parents  are  so  well  phased  with  tlicir  children's  Improvement  that  they  .send  them 
for  Instruction  from  an  Indian  Town  30  miles  up  the  Kiver.  As  there  is  no  Physician  near,  Mr.  Bennet  visits  the  ]Kior  Indians 
when  they  are  sick  and  infirm,  and  supplies  them  with  Medicines,  by  which  means  their  minds  are  still  more  eo  ciliated 
towards  the  English.  Mr.  Apthorp  r^-'commends  hiui  to  the  continuanee  of  the  Societies  Favour  as  a  jHirson  well  qualilicd  for 
the  service  he  has  undertaken."  Kev.  Mr.  Kastt  Apthorp  w.is  the  Society's  MLs.sionary  at  Cambridso,  Muss.,  which  ijiarge  ho 
resigned  at  the  date  of  the  above  letter,  and  returned  to  Kngland,  were  he  died  in  ISlC.  Mr.  Bennet  di<l  not  continue  long 
among  the  Mohawks,  for  h  s  name  doos  not  &pgpAt  on  the  Society's  lis^  in  conu$ction  wj^h  them  after  this  date — Ed 


PAftJU  SELATIMO   TO  THB  SIX   MATIOKS. 


S18 


them.  As  to  the  Boston  Commissioners,  Hho'  I  could  have  wished  the  Society  had  been  before  hand 
with  them,  yet,  as  you  say,  I  cannot  see  how  we  can  i-efuse  tlieir  offer.  Please  therelbr  in  your 
Letter  to  them  to  signify  My  assent  to  their  proposal.  I  have  not  time  to  write  to  M*^  Bennet  now 
but  shall  as  soon  as  I  have  a  certain  acc>t  of  the  State  of  Tilings  amongst  the  Indians.  If  he  ven- 
tures, I  shall  comply  with  my  proposal  as  to  Lodging  and  Board,  till  such  Time  as  I  conclude  a 
Bargain  witli  Sir  William  Johnson  wlio  is  treating  with  me  for  my  Farm,  fur  a  Glebe  for  the  Indian 
Missionary,  as  I  have  belbre  informed  you  please  inlbrm  M""  Bennet  of  this. 

As  to  tlie  printing  my  letter  to  M'  Apthorp,  with  Your  piece,  I  should  have  no  objection,  if  it 
were  not  that  I  suspect  mine  to  the  Society  in  answer  to  Smith  may  still  be  publiihed.  Besides  I 
have  not  a  copy  of  it  for  I  had  no  time  to  take  one.  I  am  however  willing  to  do  any  thing  Yom 
Shall  ju<^^.^e  useful.    I  am  with  usual  Compliments. 

Rev  Sir  Yours  affectionately 

Aug«»  8  1763.  .  Hemrv  Bahclay. 

P.  S.  I  have  had  a  long  letter  ft-om  Rye  intimating  M' Palmers'  unwillingness  to  give  up  that 
Mission  for  N.  Haven,  and  a  growing  dissatfection  to  Mr.  Punderson  at  Rye*  M'  Cooper  was  at 
Westchester  on  Sunday  last  and  tells  me  he  hears  Mr.  Punderson  is  endeavoring  to  make  Interest 
There 


m^ 


MR.  WEYMAN  TO  REV.  DR.  BARCLAY. 

CONCERNING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK. 

Revd  Sir 

I  send  a  2<^  Proof  to  be  revised  by  you. — I  apprehend  y  Corrections  on  our  Side  be  not  so  exact 
as  I  could  wish. — Please  to  peruse  it  a  2<^  Time. — We  ai'e  put  to  prodigious  Difficulty  to  print  such 
Language  (in  form)  in  Nortli  America,  wlieie  we  have  not  tl\e  Command  of  ii  Utter-Maker's  Ibund- 
ing-House  to  suit  ourselves  in  y«  iwrticular  Sorts  required,  sucli  as — g's — li's — y's — &c. — ifc.  wlien  had 
it  been  in  ye  English  Tongue,  we  could  make  much  greater  Dispatch, — but  at  present  'tis  absolutely 

1  Fevd.  STr.  Palmer  was  origir-iilly  a  Diss^mting  Minister  of  New  England.  Ht>  went  to  England  with  strong  recommen- 
dations from  the  Uevd.  Dr.  Johnson  and  otlier  clorgyraon,  and  was  ordained  by  the  Bisliop  of  Bangor  in  1754.  On  bis  return 
ho  became  missionary  of  tlie  towns  of  New  .Milford,  Sliarou  and  Lilchlield,C()nn.  In  1701,  he  was  removed  at  his  own  request, 
to  A'.iboy,  N.  J.  On  tlie  retouinicndation  of  Dr.  Johnson  he  was  appointed  successor  to  Mr.  Wctmore  at  Bye.  in  1763.  But 
the  congregation  at  this  place  preferred  the  Hevd.  Mr.  Pmidorson,  and  the  Society  was  retjuested  to  change  Mr.  Palmer, 
T,  lich  it  declined.  "  The  people  at  Rye  (says  the  Archb.  of  Canterbury,  writing  to  Dr.  J.,  March  l"""  1  may  rel'ii>c  him  if 
they  will,  and  take  the  maintenance  of  Mr.  Punderson  on  themselves,  and  wo  shall  be  very  well  iesi  '  The  difficulty 
was  scttlea  apparently,  for  we  And  Mr.  Palmer  at  New  Haven  in  1704.  In  1769,  he  was  mifwionarj  i>t  Liti  leld  and  Great 
Barrington.  His  death  is  supposed  to  have  occurred  in  1772,  for  Mr.  Mosely  is  mentioned  as  Mi  wi  ji^  at  Litchfield 
in  1773. — Ei>. 

2  Ebenezeu  Punderson,  graduated  at  Vale  Coll.  in  1720,  and  was  a  Congregational  Minister  at  Groton,  Conn.  He  con- 
formed to  the  Church  of  England  about  the  year  1732.  Having  received  orders  in  London  in  1734,  he  organized  a  congrega- 
tion, on  his  return  in  Norwich,  at  the  village  of  Poi|uetan\ick  about  tho  yoi.r  1738  His  name  appears  on  tlie  Society's  lists  as 
"  Itinerant  Missionary  in  Connecticut,"  until  1753,  when  he  was  settled  in  the  church  of  N.  Haven,  the  place  of  his  nativity. 
Ill  tlie  spring  of  1763,  being  succeeded  by  the  Uev.  John  Beards'ee,  he  took  charge  of  the  Church  of  I>ye,  Westchester  Co., 
and  officiated  there  and  in  the  tu^oining  towns  until  the  following  year,  when  ho  died  (22d  Sept.)  aged  60  years. — En. 


il 


ft' 


I  :     M 


r , 


214 


PAPERS   RELATINO   TO  THV  SIX    NATIOin. 


Impossible, — I  having  been  obliged  to  borrow  sundry  Letters  from  my  brother  Printers  even  to 
complete  this  present  half  sheet,  wlien  I  have  as  complete  an  office  to  print  English  at,  any  of  them. — 
For  these  Reasons,  I  trust  neltlier  yourself,  or  Sir  William,  will  condemn  me  for  neglect, — adding, 
withal,  the  Difficulty  of  keeping  a  Journeyman  to  hid  Duty. 

I  am.  Sir,  Your  obliged  Hi>'*  Servant, 
Oct'  20,  1763.  Wm.  Weyman. 


REV.  MR.  LAPPIUS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Conajoharie  December  29U>  1763. 

Sir !  The  good  opportunity  I  have  by  M'  William  Seeber  my  friend,  gives  me  encourngement  to 
trouble  your  Honour  with  these  few  Lines,  to  beg  the  favour  of  sending  me  by  him  a  bottle  of  brandy 
&  some  Raisins,  which  your  Honour  wouhl  have  send  long  ago,  if  you  had  a  good  opportunity,  as  I 
am  resolved  to  Trye  tliat  Cure  witii  old  Peer,  I  have  drank  this  4  weeks  an  ugly  Drink  of  wliat  the 
Germans  Call  Longe  Kraut,  whioli  grows  on  tlie  white  oak  Trees,  &,  this  Decoctuni  nakes  me  Cough 
up  more  as  ever  I  did,  but  my  breath  goes  freer  &  Stronger,  Doctor  Stringer  has  .■-  'id  me  2  boxes 
of  pills  which  I  used,  I  enn  not  say  of  any  great  efl'ect  they  did,  Seeng  tliat  all  will  not  h<<,  I  shall  Try 
Peer  &  tlien  leave  of,  My  Strength  goes  away  with  my  flesh,  tor  all  have  I  goo<l  Stomach  &  appetite 
like  a  Man  tliat  is  wel,  I  did  leave  of  for  a  wliile  preaching,  which  neglect  I  thougt  made  me  siker 
as  I  was,  therefore  have  don  my  Service  last  holydays  &  was  wel  afterwards,  the  only  thing  what 
troubles  me  so  much,  is  cold  I  can  liardly  get  a  warm  foot  in  a  Day,  if  I  set  upon  the  Stoaf,  which 
occasioned  great  head  ague,  So  tliat  I  was  several  times  in  a  bad  Condition  for  that  Complaints 
sake,  I  have  no  warm  Cloatlii.ig  &  my  house  is  vere  cold  &  most  open,  &  so  poor  in  cash  &,c:  that  I 
can  not  for  this  time  supply  this  Want,  your  Honour  would  oblige  your  old  faithfull  Servant,  if 
you  would  Trust  him  a  cupple  new  jilanckets  for  making  a  new,  warm  Coat,  to  cover  his  Cold  sick 
poor  body,  till  he  shall  turn  wel  or  able  to  Do  Your  Honour  satisfaction  for  them 

I  fiirder  must  Complaint  to  your  Honour  out  of  my  Lazareth  that  Wicked  Ury  Clok  has  puzzled 
into  the  Eears  of  Some  people  upon  the  land  called  tlie  Switzcr  mount,  that  your  Honour  had  ordered 
me  to  make  tlu-m  all  sign  a  bond  for  all  the  Costs  which  would  arise  from  that  Action,  under  the 
Name  of  a  petition,  Wliicli  yoiir  Honor  know  us  wel  as  1  tliat  never  sucli  a  tiling  has  been  don,  the 
ignorant  i)eople  have  most  Eaten  up  my  little  flesh  &  bones,  which  I  thought  they  would  tare  in 
pieces,  would  it  not  been  good  that  Clok  should  be  paid  once  for  his  Devilisli  seditious  humoiu"'? 

Finally  do  I  wish  yonr  Honour  &  the  wliole  your  Noble  Family  a  blessed  &  happy  Exotlum  to  this 
most  Ended  yenr,  &  a  prosperous  Transitum  &  over  step  into  tlie  New  year  near  by.  The  God  of  heaven 
&,  Eart  Grant  your  Honour  upon  a  New  His  Godly  Patronage,  favour  Mercy,  Wisdom,  Strength  & 
all  Kequisita,  with  whicli  he  hasl>een  jtleased  to  Endow  your  Person  tliis  Manny  Years  to  the  best  of 
Land  &  Cluirch,  as  a  faithfull  Servant  unto  his  Master  the  king,  &  that  when  your  Days  are  spent, 
tliat  I  may  liave  tlie  pleasure  to  See  you  with  this  My  Eyes  in  the  Rest  &  happiness  to  Come  after 
this  Troublesome  Life,  So  wishes  he,  who  Dyes 

Sir  Your  Honours 

Most  Dutiful!  Servant 

JoH.  Casp:  Lappius. 
V.  D.  M. 

p.  S.  My  Neighboor  John  Abeel  Acts  the  Mad  man. 


PATEBS  aELATIMQ  TO  THE  MX  NAXIOMt.  815 


BEV.  FATHER  ROBAUD  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Sir  I  am  Extreemly  sensible,  and  very  readily  acknowledge,  the  Rreat  honour  you  have  done 
me,  by  your  late  obliging  Letter.  Every  part  thereof  breatli  politeness,  Witt  and  Generosity ;  An 
open  heart  and  Sincere,  all  declares  the  man  of  honour,  and  shews  Monsieur  le  Chevallier  Johnson. 
I  have  no  Term  ;  no  Expression  can  avail  me,  to  render  (or  speak)  all  I  naturally  feel,  at  the 
sight  of  so  noble,  so  generous  a  proceeding.  I  had  not  heretofore  the  honour  to  be  acquainted 
with  the  English  Nation.  Born  in  the  midsit  of  France  without  being  natural  Subject  of  the 
French  King,  I  had  hitherto  hardly  known  any  but  Frenchmen.  But  how  truly  can  I  affirm  that  I 
never  Imve  seen  in  any  one  of  them,  any  thing  that  approach  in  the  least,  of  or  Like  that  noble 
generosity,  (or  the  great  characteristick  of  the  English,)  so  Remarkable  amongst  the  English.  I 
have  followed  that  Nation  Step  by  Step,  Ever  since  the  conquest  of  Canada,  and  I  confess  that  I  cannot 
recover  my  surprise.  What  hath  mode  the  greatest  Impression  on  my  mind,  is  that  ftind  of  In- 
tegrity, which  nothing  can  alter  :  that  disinterestedness,  which  is  above  what  ever  I  can  say  in  its 
praise.  If  New  England  had  been  so  imfortunate  as  to  become  the  prey  of  the  French,  it  had  time 
to  shed  Tears,  or  to  Mourn  and  bewail  its  lamentable  fate.  And  Canada  Taken  by  the  English,  daily 
bless  its  Destiny,  yes,  I  daily  hear  the  Canadians  wishing  Joy  to  one  another,  and  congratulating 
themselves,  that  they  have  been  taken  by  General  Amherst,  and  are  governed  by  the  respectable 
heros  that  commands  tliere,  this  day.  This,  I  have  had  tlie  honour  to  declare  to  Gen>  Hamerst,  last 
winter  in  my  Letters,  and  will  notecase  to  proclaim  the  same  to  the  norld,  wilst  I  have  Being. 

These  generous  proceeding  have  so  far  gained  Upon  me,  tliat  I  have  not  hesitated  on  moment,  but 
Gave  general  Ar.herst  all  the  knowledge  and  Lights,  which  my  Stay  in  Canada,  and  my  connections, 
Especially,  with  the  late  French  generals,  have  enabled  me  to  procure.  These  papers  are  of  the 
utmost  consequence,  You'll  Judge  thereof  on  their  Titles.  You  shall  hereafter  be  acquainted  with 
tlie  motives,  which  obliges  me  to  declare  tliem  (that  is,  the  contents  of  the  papers,)  to  you.  The 
first  packet  contuined  a  discourse  directed  to  Gen'  Hamerst,  wherein  I  shew  him,  what  it  would  be 
right  for  England  to  Insist  on,  and  do,  Wliether,  at  the  Next  peace  to  be  made,  Canada  be  returned 
to  the  Frencli,  or  no.  There  is  many  tilings  in  tliis  discourse  regarding  the  Indians,  Especially  the 
Menakis  and  the  Iroqucis,  wlio  may  be  called  English  Indians,  and  wliom  it  would  be  very  practica- 
ble to  bring  back  again  into  tlieir  Ancient  habitations,  let  tiie  Event  ot  the  war  be  what  it  will,  that 
is  to  say,  tlie  one  Nation  in  Acadia,  and  the  other  among  the  Six  Nations.  I  show  therein  tlie  means, 
and  at  the  same  time  declare  the  Immense  Beiietit,  tliat  would  Accrue  to  the  British  commerce, 
from  this  kind  of  Transmigration.  I  am  so  bent  for  that  same,  that  if  Canada  be  restored  to  the 
French,  and  Gener'  Amherst,  from,  whom  I  daily  Expect  an  Answer  to  some  former  Letter,  don't 
give  me  a  Call,  I  will  certainly  quit  the  Contry. 

The  second  packet  contained  Instructions  from  M'  Montcalm  to  divers  Minimes  of  France,  to  the 
miiiimes  of  the  Marine,  to  the  plenipotentiaries  Intended  to  be  sent  to  the  future  congress  for  the 
General  peace,  to  the  future  governoer  of  Canada,  And  finally  to  the  Intendants. 

The  tliird  and  last  packet  contained  a  code  of  Civil  Law  adapted  for  the  governm'  of  Canada, 
which  M'  de  Moncalin  had  at  his  leasure  lioures  originally  pi-ojected  and  drawn,  this  last  work  is 
not  perfect,  and  altlio  I  daily  work  thereon,  it  cannot  be  so  soon  finished,  the  trutli  is,  that  having 
nnliapily  l.)st  a  part  of  my  papers  in  my  frequent  Travels,  I  must  supply  what  is  wanting.  This 
is  the  matter  contained  in  tliese  papers,  which  had  the  honour  to  remit  to  General  Amherst,  and 
concerning  wliich  I  Expect  a  decisive  Answer.     If  these  papers  concerned  you  in  the  least,  I  would 


ri 


j'l 


■ 


i!  :i 


IP 


I      I 


m  PArKM   HBLATWd   TO   TM  MX   MATIOKa. 

gladly  transmit  them  to  you,  but  I  could  not  very  soon  comply,  because,  besides  the  Extraordinary 
lengtl)  of  tlie  contents  ot'tliese  {uiimts,  I  uni  now  busy  in  completing  tlie  Canadian  Cmle  of  Civil  law, 
but  I  sliould  have  remitted  you  indeed  tlie  discourse  to  General  Amherst,  wlieiein  A  re  contained 
•  many  Anecdotes  relaliiig  to  the  Indians.  You  will  be  so  kind  to  Signify  your  pliusure  on  this 
Subject,  and  you  ^hall  be  obeyed. 

Could  I  but  obtain  the  honour  of  waiting  on  you,  I  would  more  fully  i»ppvt?ft  you,  with  the 
whole  Matter  of  fact ;  and  I  assure  you  that  if  that  was  intirely  left  to  my  cbijic! .  (  sliould  soon 
offer  ray.self  Into  your  presence,  hut  I  have  not  been  able  hetherto  to  obtain  leave  of  the  government, 
to  undertake  such  a  Journey.  Tliey  have  rather  been  pleased  to  order  my  Stay  nt  S'  Francois, 
where  indeed  I  have  bt'«-n  protectfd  against  a  multitude  of  Enemies,  Especially  my  Drethren,  the 
Jesuits  ;  who  have  proclaimed  open  war  against  nie,  but  thank  to  g(Ml,  I  have  found  my  gmul  protec- 
tion amongst  those  of  the  Engiisli  Nation.  My  Indians  cannot  set  out  for  your  place  these  ten 
days,  poverty  hath  lengthenetl  their  hunting  Season,  an<l  is  tl>e  real  cause  of  this  delay ;  which 
Excuse,  I  pray  you  to  accept  for  your  self,  and  to  cause  it,  to  be  accepted  of  also,  by  the  iMups  and 
the  Six  Nations.  They  will  on  return  bring  me  your  Answer  and  what  may  be  your  pleasure  in 
regard  to  what  I  have  had  tlie  honour  to  impart  to  you  above. 

I  Long  to  find  some  signal  opportunity,  I  don't  say  to  prove  you  my  gratitude  ;  a  man  of  that 
little  account,  as  I  am  ;  Is  not  capable  of  doing  it  In  a  manner  woMhy  of  you.  but  at  least,  to  show 
you  some  part  of  that  most  Sincere  respect  and  atUichment  which  I  have  for  your  person.  I  never 
was  fortunate  in  my  whole  life,  and  I  told  it  to  myself  a  thousand  times,  that  I  was  not  born  to  be 
the  happy  Man.  But  I  have  erred  ;  &  I  am  happily  convinced  thereof  from  the  moment  I  got  into  your 
acquaintance,  and  gained  your  Iriendsiup.  The  friendship  of  a  gentleman  like  you,  is  a  fortune  of 
Superior  value,  tis  a  good  so  transcendant,  that  I  don't  think  I  have  ever  procured  myself  so 
valuable  a  one  since  I  was  horn.  I  dare  to  subjoin.  Sir,  that  I  am  not  all  together  Unwoi  lliy,  and 
that  if  I  merit  such  distinction,  I  merritt  it  by  these  sentiments  of  respect  devotion  and  atttach- 
raent  whicli  will  End  with  my  Life.  Ti.is  Is  my  way  of  thinking,  it  is  the  heart  that  dictates  all  I 
write,  therefore  pardon  my  spinninrti  is  Letter  to  such  unusuall  length.  When  the  heart  Is  Engaged 
with  a  person  thoi  ijv'ily  Fstet-uie(?,  it  hath  always  some  thing  new  to  Impart. 

I  eagerly  wait  for  your  .Siiswov,  as  !  hope  it  may  decide  something  In  my  favour,  and  will  perhaps 
procure  me  the  honour  and  pleasure  of  waiting  on  you  soon,  according  to  my  wishes. 

I  am  with  great  Respect  &c. 


THE  SCHOOLMASTER  AT  CANAJOHARY  TO  S«  W>«  JOHNSON. 

Canajohary  March  y"  22««  17C4. 
Brother  Waronghyage 

The  most  Part  of  the  Indians  here  in  our  Castle  have  consented  and  agreed  that  I  should  instruct 
their  children  to  read  and  write,  I  do  also  consent  U>  perform  the  same  if  they  entirely  agree  to  it. 
I  think  it  would  be  good  also  if  you  would  advise  them  to  act  in  Pursuance  thereof.  Some  of  them 
like  me  well  enough,  but  will  not  approve  of  having  their  cluldren  chastised  if  they  do  111.  I  would 
have  you  to  write  to  me  how  I  am  to  act  in  this  Affair,  that  I  might  acquaint  them  what  is  your 
Pleasure  in  this  Respect.  I  am  very  certain  that  some  take  great  Delight  in  having  their  children 
instructed,  and  taught  to  read  and  write,  und  for  such  I  shall  use  more  than  common  zeal  to 
perform  the  Trust  in  me  reposed.    I  wish  you  could  send  me  two  of  our  printed  Books,  for  I  want 


PAPKRI   RELATING  TO  Tilt  SIX   NATIOWS. 


217 


tlicm  very  much  for  two  of  my  Scliolnrs  tlmt  are  pretty  Atr  advanced  In  their  Learning,  please  to 
send  them  with  my  Father  m-  Motlier  I  nm  very  scarce  of  Paper,  I  wish  you  could  assist  me  In 
that,  ns  also  with  some  Quills  to  make  Writing  Pens. 

Please  to  send  with  my  Mother  the  ten  Pounds  wh'*"  I  have  with  you  yet,  and  I  shall  remain 
your  Brother,  Philip  Jonathan. 


Sir,  Your  favour  of  Aui^ust ' 
y*  advertisement,  by  Inserting  it 

Your  Excellency's  request  wii 
That  the  long  IiuilsixMitioii  mu 


m  WEYMAN  TO  SIR  W>«  JOHNSON, 

ABOUT  TUK  INDIAN  PHAVER  BOOK. 

New  York,  S"i.>  v.-,r>^:.'l. 
I  /04,  I  receiveil  and  dnly  complleil  with  yoif  '  tier?  J-^uv.jing 


v«ot'ier  News  Papers  of  this  City,  besides  my  t  ixn. 
7aM  to  tiie  Indian  Prayer  Book,  I  can  <>idy  dnmvcr  by  saying 
'f  D""  Barclay  (which  since  y«  writing  of  m)'us  no  doubt 
you  heard  of)  p>it  a  total  St(»|i  to  n  i'rogrt-ys,  more  than  you  have  now  Inclosed,  it  not  being  In  our 
Power  to  revise  or  correct  it  at  any  Hate  ;  so  tlmt  'twill  recjiiire  your  appointment  of  some  proper 
Pereon  to  overlook  it  as  wc  proceed  in  y"  Composition.  Before  the  Doctor's  Death  he  told  me  y" 
Copy  he  had  was  vastly  eroneons,  which  took  him  up  a  gootl  deal  of  time  to  correct,  still  doubtfull 
of  his  own  Capacity,  having  not  studied  y"  Language  much  since  his  Call  here  ;  ami  partly  had  lor- 
got  It,  but  was  determined  to  do  his  best — adding  withal.  That  there  was  some  Gentleman  (he 
mentioned  his  name  to  me  but  I  forgot  it)  who  had  a  more  periect  Copy  than  his,  and  who  under- 
stood y«  Language  at  tliis  time  l)ctter  than  he  did  ; — I  tliink  he  told  me  it  was  your  Son,  or  one  by 
y«  Name  of  Clans,  or  Closser  who  tlien  was  absent  at  Quoljeck,  Montreal,  or  some  other  distant  Part 
back  of  you,  or  y*  D''  would  liave  wrote  to  have  got  it ;  ami  wliether  he  ever  signify'd  it  to  you  I 
cannot  tell.  Tims  it  rests.  I  have  one  half  sheet  of  y*  D'"'  correcting  in  hand  ;  y"  Remainder  of  y" 
Copy  is  at  his  Widdow's,  which  I  could  obtain  at  your  I{e(juest,  and  deliver  it  to  any  Person  you 
ohuse  sliould  have  y«  Correction  of  it  and  y"  work  sliall  proceed  directly,  and  be  finished. 

I  am.  Your  Excellency's  Mucii  obliged  H'''*'  Servant 

\V"    Wkyman. 


REVD.  DR.  WIIKELOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  24th  Oct'.  176-1. 
Sir    The  Commissioners  of  a  Bord  of  Corrlspondents,  lately  formd  by  a  Comission  of  the  Hon^i* 
Society  in  Scotland  for  Propagating  christian  knowledge,  some  time  ago  sent  M'.  Occum,'  to  meet 
Your  Honoiur,  on  Your  Return  from  your  late  Toiu*  to  Lake  Erie,  in  Hopes  he  might  meet  You 

1  Saiison  Occom,  an  Indian  clergyman,  was  born  at  Mohogan,  near  Korwich,  Conn.,  in  the  year  1723.  He  was  tlia  first 
Indian  pupil  educated  at  Lel)anon,  by  the  Uov.  Mr.  AVheotock,  with  wliom  he  entered  in  1742,  nt  the  ago  of  19,  and  remained 
with  him  4  years.  In  1748  In'  taught  school  in  New  London,  and  about  the  year  1755,  went  to  the  east  end  of  Long  Island, 
where  ho  opened  a  school  for  the  Shenccock  Indians.  lie  was  ordained  by  tlie  Suffolk  Presbytery  in  August,  1759.  In  Jan. 
17(11,  he  visited  the  Oneidas,  and  in  1706  was  sent  by  Mr.  Wheelock  to  England  with  Mr.  Whittakcr,  the  Minister  of  Korwich, 
in  order  to  promote  the  interests  of  Moor's  School,  us  Mr.  Whcelock's  institution  at  Lebanon  was  called.  As  Occum  was 
the  flrst  Indian  preacher  that  visited  England,  ho  attracted  large  audiences  and  preached  between  three  and  four  hundred 
■ermons.  About  £1 ,000  wore  collected  for  establishing  Schools  among  the  American  Aborigines.  This  was  placed  in  the 
Vol.    IV.  28 


5l    i 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


// 


(./ 


4r 


4g^ 


ss 


1.0 


1.1 


11.25 


L£12.8     12.5 

ut  Itt   |22 


us 

u 


120 

L4   11.6 


v: 


7 


Photographic 

Sciences 

(jDrpOTation 


as  WIST  MAIN  STRICT 

VtflBSTIR.N.Y.  MSItO 

(716)S73-4S03 


4> 


818 


rAPEU  BELATIHO  TO  THE  SIX   HATIomi. 


before  the  Parties  from  remou.  Tribes,  who  had  Joyn'd  you,  should  be  dispersed  ;  In  Order  to  make 
Proposals  to  them  of  Receiving  Missionaries,  and  School  Masters  among  their  respective  Tribes. 
But  when  M'.  Occum  came  to  N.  York  and  heard  that  you  was  got  Home,  lie  was  thereupon  advised 
to  return,  and  accordingly  did  so  ;  by  which  Means  I  was  prevented  such  a  supply  of  proper  youth 
for  tliis  school  as  I  hoped  he,  with  your  assistance,  and  Direction,  might  obtain  from  Tribes  more 
remote  than  I  have  yet  had.  Which  Disappointment  is,  in  part,  the  occasion  of  the  present  trouble 
given  your  Honour. 

The  Bearers  M'.  Kirtland,' and  Joseph  WooUey,'  come  to  submitt  themselves  to  your  Hon'* 
Direction  and  conduct  with  Desire  to  learn  the  Seneca  and  Mohock  Languages,  and  while  they 
are  doing  that  to  teach  school  among  them  also,  if  it  may  be,  to  procure  a  Number  of  likely  and 
suitable,  youth  for  this  school.  We  have  heard  of  a  promising  English  Youth,  whom  you  have  sent 
to  King  Thomas  at  Onoquagee,  and  also  of  one,  Peter,  a  judicious,  and  religious  Indian  there,  and 
also  of  two  likely  Indian  lioys  whom  M'  Forbush  pointed  out  to  the  Commissioners  in  Boston,  for  au 
English  Education.  If  Your  Hon'  advises  to  any,  or  all  of  these,  and  they  may  be  obtained,  I 
will  take  them,  or  any  others  you  shall  think  proper,  to  the  number  of  10.  or  15.  and  if  you  think 
best  to  send  several  Females  to  he  instructed  in  Housewifery  &c  I  will  receive  them. 

If  there  shall  be  occasion  for  WooUey  to  return  to  accompany  the  Children  hither,  please  to  Order 
him  to  do  so,  and  if  there  be  no  Door  open  for  their  attaining  the  other  End  of  their  Journey,  they 
will  both  Return. 

I  rely  upon  the  repeated  assurances  Your  Hon'  has  given  me  of  your  Friendship  in  this  affair, 
and  in  Confidence  thereof,  recommend  these  young  men  to  your  Hon'*  Patronage,  and  submitt  the 
whole  to  your  Determination. 

The  Boys,  I  have  from  Your  Parts  behave  very  well,  better  tlian  any  I  have  had  from  any  other 
Quarter ;  and  it  seems  to  me  they  are  really  a  much  better  Breed,  little  Pf  ter  Is  a  fine  Genius 
indeed.    But  off  their  state,  and  the  state  of  my  school  M'.  Kirtland  can  inform  you. 

I  look  upon  myself  in  particular,  as  well  as,  upon  my  country  in  general,  to  be  much  indebted  to 
Your  Honour  for  Your  indefatigable  and  (hitherto)  successful  Labors,  to  estabLv^  a  Peace  with 
the  Natives,  upon  a  sollid  and  lasting  Foundation.  May  God  requite  Your  Labour  ai^d  Fatigue 
with  tliat  peace  which  is  tlie  peculiar  privilege  of  his  cliosen.  I  am  with  most  sincci^c  v  uty  and 
Esteem,  may  it  please  Your  Honor. 

Your  Honour's  Most  obedient  and 

Most  Humble  Servant 

Eleazar  Wheelooc 


hands  of  Trustees  of  whom  the  Earl  of  Dartmouth  was  the  principal,  and  Dr.  Wheelock's  School  wm  removed  to  Hanover, 
1(.  H.  On  Occam's  return  he  labored  among  his  countrymen,  and  removed  eventually  in  1786  to  Brotherton,  near  Utica,  N. 
T.,  whither  many  Mohegans  and  Montaulis  accompamed  him,  and  where  he  died  in  July  1792,  aged  69.  He  was  accompanied 
to  the  grave  by  upwards  of  300  Indians.  An  account  of  the  Indians  of  Hontauk,  by  Occum,  is  published  in  the  Massi.Ulst: 
Coll.  He  published  a  sermon  at  the  execution  of  Moses  Paul  at  New  Haven,  Sept.  2, 1772,  and  much  of  his  correspondence 
is  among  the  papers  of  the  Hist.  Soc.  of  Hartford,  Conn.  A  portrait  of  him  was  published  in  one  of  the  early  Vols,  of  tlie 
Dvangelical  Mag.  McClure'sLife  of  IVIieelock — Life  ofCounteta  of  Huntington. 

1  Joseph  Wooiiev  was  a  Delaware.  He  was  sent  by  Dr.  John  Brainerd  to  Dr.  Wheelock's  school,  where  he  arrived  with 
Hezckiah  Calvin,  another  Delaware,  9  April  1757.  He  spent  the  winter  of  1764,  at  Onohoghquage  for  the  purpose  Df  learning 
ttie  Iroquois  language.  He  was  licensed  to  teach  in  the  spring  of  1766,  and  set  out  shortly  after  with  Rev.  Mr.  Smith,  on  bis 
return  to  his  previous  post  at  the  Susquehannah  river,  but  he  fell  sick  at  Cherry  Valley,  and  died  in  the  course  of  the  same 
year.    He  is  represented  ns  of  an  amiable  disposition  and  polished  manners. — Ed.  .,  ,; 


■1  '.t 


Wi 


rAPEM   RELATIKO  TO  THE  SIX  NATIOMI. 


21» 


M»  WEYMAN  TO  SIR  W«  JOHNSON. 


New  York,  Nov'  27,  1764. 
Sir  As  I  have  had  no  Directions  from  your  Excellency  how  to  act  in  Regard  to  y*  Indian  Prayer 
Book,  since  I  wrote  and  sent  you  y*  Copy  Part  of  what  I  had  printed  ;  and  being  lately  informed 
tiiat  ye  Gentleman  I  mentioned  to  you  by  y*  Name  of  Cap'  Clause,  was  your  Son,  and  that  you 
could  not  spare  him  to  come  down  to  revise  and  correct  y«  Impression  here  ;  I  therefore  made  bold 
to  apply  to  M"  Barclay,  for  all  y«  Copy  relating  to  it,  that  she  could  find  in  y"  Doctor's  Library. 
She  was  kind  to  fprward  it  down  to  me  this  Day  ;  and  I  now  inclose  it,  imagining,  (unless  your 
Excellency  has  some  Gentleman  here  to  undertake  its  Inspection)  that  its  being  transcribed  in  a  very 
fair  legible  Hand  under  your  own  Eye,  and  by  y  Assistance  of  your  Son's  Copy,  the  Book  can  still 
be  finished  ;  as,  by  being  transmitted  to  me,  in  a  fair  Manuscript,  or  other  plain  Alterations  to  be 
made  in  y*  printed  Copy  ;  I  will  undertake  to  finish  it  po  satisfaction  in  y'  form  already  began,  and 
keep  Lettvr  for  lAtttr  with  y*  M.  S.  you  send  me.  I  Inclose  another  set  of  what  I  have  printed, 
lest  y*  one  I  sent  before  may  have  miscarried. 

I  am,  Your  Excellency's  very  obliged  Humble  Servant. 

W"  Wevman. 


CIRCULAR  OP  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROMOTION  OF  ART& 

New-York,  lO'h  Dec',  1764. 

A  very  laudable  Spirit  for  promoting  the  Welfare  of  this  Colony,  begins  to  prevail  here — ^A 
Society  is  already  formed,  consisting  of  Persons  of  all  Ranks,  who  propose  to  advance  husbandry, 
promote  Manufactures,  and  suppress  Luxury — Several  Hundred  Pounds  are  already  subscribed,  and 
paid  into  the  Hands  of  Mr.  John  Vanderspiegel,  the  Treasurer — Other  necessary  Ofiicers  are  ap- 
pointed, and  several  Committees  formed  for  the  good  Ends  more  fully  explained  in  the  Public  Papers 
now  inclosed. 

The  Society  have  thought  fit  to  Name  us  to  be  a  Committee  for  Correspondence,  with  all  those 
Gentlemen  at  a  distance  who  may  be  willing  to  lend  their  Aid  for  the  general  Weal  of  the  Colony. 

In  Discharge  of  this  Trust,  we  beg  Leave  to  invite  you  to  subscribe,  and  to  take  as  many  Sub- 
scriptions as  you  can  obtain,  receive  the  Money,  and  transmit  it  to  the  Treasurer ;  to  be  disposed  of 
in  Premiums  as  the  Society  shall  hereafter  direct ;  of  which  Premiums  many  will  fall  to  the  Share 
of  the  Farmer.  The  Form  of  a  Head  for  the  Subscription-Roll,  is  added  at  the  Foot  of  tliis  Letter. 
And  we  think  it  necessary  further  to  mention,  that  no  Subscription  under  Twenty  Shilling  will  be 
received ;  and  that  a  Subscripdon  of  Five  Pound  entitles  the  Subscriber  to  vote  in  the  Disposal 
of  the  Funds. 

As  diffusing  a  Zeal  for  this  Undertaking  throughout  the  Province,  will  probably  be  attended  with 
the  most  beneficial  Effects,  permit  us  to  urge  you  to  Form  a  Society  in  your  Neighbourhood,  to  meet 
as  often  as  they  conveniently  can,  to  correspond  with  us,  and  to  furnish  us  with  useful  Hints  relative 
to  what  may  be  proper  to  foil  under  the  Society's  Notice ;  and  particularly  what  Branches  of  Hus- 
bandry ought  to  be  encouraged  ;  and  for  what  Manufactures  Premiums  ought  to  be  given ;  and,  in 


ll 


n 


QftO 


9AnM»   RELATING  TO  THS  SIX  HATIOMS, 


general,  to  suggest  all  Manner  of  proposals  that  may  be  for  the  Public  Benefit  in  Arts,  Manufactures, 
Agriculture  and  (Economy. 

You  may  be  assmed  that  a  proper  Respect  will  be  shewn  to  your  ilichemes,  Hints,  and  Proposals ; 
and  that  they  will  be  regularly  communicated  to  the  Society,  at  their  monthly  Conventions. 

We  are,  Your  very  Humble  Servants, 
,      .'';':     .  Ch«  W.  Apthohp.    '    '*> 

'"  "■''■   '■"   ■■''".'     ''■■■■'''  -^M  Smith  J« 

'     ■•      '    '    '       '*  •'  WaL*  RUTHERFURD. 

Jno  Morin  Scott 
To  the  Hon<>i«  S' William  Johnson  Bart*  Ja«  Duamk.  ^ 

'  ;  . '^       at  Johnson  Hall. 


1    f-- 


iV  JiSf!  •»  'A' 


ytu'^' 


:,i:  I'i 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  COMMITTEE   OF  CORRESPONDENCE  OF  THE  SOCIETY   FOR 

PROMOTING  ARTS  &c  ,,,        ..  .     . 

Johnson  Hall  Jany  4U>  1765. 
Gentlemen, 

I  did  not  receive  your  favour  of  the  lO"!  ultu  till  a  few  days  ago,  neither  had  I  a  moments  leisure 
to  answer  it  till  now.  You  may  be  assured  that  I  shall  think  myself  happy  In  any  opportunity  of 
promoting  the  Welfare  of  this  Province,  &  of  encouraging  as  far  as  in  me  lyes  a  laudable  Spirit  for 
that  purpose,  which  can  not  be  better  effected  than  by  the  Suppression  of  Luxury  &  the  promoting 
Husbandry  and  Manufactures,  the  former  has  not  as  yet  crept  in  to  the  parts  where  my  Interest  & 
acquaintance  chiefly  lyes,  to  any  Degree  requiring  a  restriction,  &  sho<i  rather  think  that  a  little  turn 
for  possessing  more  of  the  conveniencies  of  Life  wo^  rather  stir  up  a  Spirit  of  Industry  am'st  the 
people  here,  who  tho'  they  have  Lands  well  Qualified  for  it,  nevertheless  neglect  Husbandry  as  they 
have  little  relish  beyond  the  mere  necessarys  of  Life,  &  are  too  Indolent  in  Gen>  to  Labour  for 
more  than  a  bare  subsistence.  I  am  far  from  thinking  the  suppression  of  Luxury,  an  unnecessary 
article,  on  the  Contrary  I  most  earnestly  wish  that  the  people  of  America  may  be  prevailed  upon 
to  live  with"  the  Iwunds  prescribed  by  their  Rank  &  fortune,  and  so  far  as  that  it  would  give  me 
great  pleasure  to  support  the  undertaking  as  well  as  to  encourage  Husbandry  in  all  its  branches. 
And  altho'  I  am  persuaded  you  will  not  encourage  any  schemes  which  may  be  disagreable  to  the 
Mother  Country  Yet  you  must  allow  that  in  a  Society  composed  of  persons  of  all  Ranks  some  things 
may  at  least  be  proposed  by  some  of  the  Members  which  cannot  be  pleasing  to  G'  Britain,  and  in 
which  I  couldn't  with  the  least  propriety  engage,  as  a  Servant  to  the  Crown. 

The  Nature  of  my  Department  likewise  affords  r  little  tim«)  to  advert  to  matters  of  this  nature 
which  I  presume  you  will  readily  allow  when  I  ass  '  a  that  so  far  from  having  leisure  to  attend  to 
any  domestic  concerns,  I  cannot  command  the  oi  .^ary  hours  of  refreshment  amply  enjoyed  by 
every  Labourer  in  the  province,  &  tho'  I  might  give  myself  more  Ease  I  could  not  do  so  consistjent 
with  myself  and  with  my  desire  to  promote  the  public  Tranquility. 

I  must  request  your  Acceptance  of  JClO  Curr  which  I  shall  Direct  M'  Darlington  of  N  York  to 
pay  into  the  Treasurers  hands,  and  if  circumstanced  as  I  am,  I  can  be  of  any  farther  service  to  your 
undertaking,  I  shall  most  ChearfUlly  comply,  to  convince  you  how  much  I  am  a  Wellwisher  to  this 
province. 

.,      and  your  very  humble  Serv*.      ,  . 


PAriUM  kBLATIMO  TO  THE.  UX  MATIOMt. 


Stl 


.,,MiVl44,i,;,|I> 'tl,<*»'i     1('i,;<«      H»  ■!.:«. 


<1     fl.    Ill       t    <  '1 


REV.  MR  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


il  <i    'ifrt.     S<3  '"j;!!    K'^ 


S'    I  have  received  y  kind  Fbvor  by  Paulus,  &  have,  (I  hope)  given  him  Satisfaction.    I  have 

paid  him  in  cash 

•  Bills  of  Ten  pounds  2 

r  '      •  D*"  of  Two  Di"  2 

.   1,1  D»»  of  Jersey     X3.5  0  1 

,.  ..r    .^    .     ..  In  gold  3.3  0 

Total  ,         30  8  0 


I  have  likewise  Paid  to  M'  Ab<<>  Lyle  for  goods  Twenty  Pounds  eighteen  shilling's,  so  that  I  have 
paid  him  three  shillings  too  mucli. 

I  shall  do  the  Duty  at  Albany  on  Sunday  next ;  but  propose  being  at  the  Mohock  Castle  the 
Sunday  following,  sliall  therefore  be  obliged  to  you  to  acquaint  the  Indians  of  it.  As  for  News  we 
expect  all  ttoia  you  ;  we  are  quit  dull  &  stupid  in  this  Place.  I  see  you  laugh  &  say  to  y'self  when 
was  you  otherwise.  However  the  Weather  being  Dull  &  Heavy  I  think  it  add's  to  my  dullness 
likewise,  so  shall  conclude  by  subscribing  niysell'. 

y  oblidged  Hum  Serv> 

Albany  Jan  8«>«  1765  T  :  Bkown. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  THE  PROMOTION  OF  THE  ARTS. 

Johnsop  haU  Feby  27^^  1765. 
Gentlemen 

I  have  received  your  favor  of  the  S"*  Inst  and  I  am  very  glad  to  hear  tliat  the  Society  do  not  avow 
any  articles  affecting  England,  as  such  would  have  evidently  apeared  in  the  Mother  Country  to  lie 
the  result  of  rancour  and  passion,  which  might  be  productive  of  Disagreeable  effects  to  the  province 
in  Genera],  &  I  am  Persuaded  tliat  a  due  attention  to  those  Improvements,  which  can  in  no  wise  hti 
construed  to  affect  liis  M^jestys  dominions  at  home  will  answer  many  Salutary  purposes. 

The  state  of  Agriculture  in  this  country  is  very  low,  and  in  short  likely  to  remain  so  to  the  great 
Detriment  of  tl\e  Province,  whicli  might  otlierwise  draw  many  resources  from  so  extensive  and 
valuable  a  Country,  but  the  turn  of  the  old  settlers  here  is  not  much  calculated  for  improvement, 
content  witli  the  meer  Necessaries  of  Life,  they  don't  chuse  to  purcliase  its  superfluities  at  the 
expence  of  Lalmur  neitiier  will  tliey  hazard  the  smallest  matter  for  the  most  reasonable  prospect  of 
gain,  and  this  principle  will  probably  subsist  as  long  as  that  of  tlieir  eqtiality,  which  is  at  present  at 
sucli  a  pitch  tliat  the  conduct  of  one  neighl)or  can  but  little  influence  tliat  of  another. 

Wheat  which  in  my  opinion  must  shortly  prove  a  drug,  is  in  fact  what  they  cliiefly  concern  them- 
selves about  and  they  are  not  easily  to  be  convinced  tliat  the  Culture  of  other  articles  will  tend  more 
to  tlieir  advantage.  If  a  few  of  the  Machines  made  use  of  for  the  breaking  of  liemp  was  distributed 
amongst  those  wlio  have  Land  proper  for  tiie  purpose  it  might  give  rise  to  the  culture  of  it — or  if 
one  only  properly  constructed  was  sent  as  a  model,  it  migiit  Stir  up  a  spirit  of  Industry  amongst 
them,  but  S^  is  greatly  wanted,  &  Cannot  be  procured  in  these  parts,  and  the  Germains  (who 
are  tlie  most  ladustrious  people  here)  are  in  general  in  too  low  circumstances  to  concern  themselves 


"I'M 

m : : 


222 


PAPEllt   RCLATIMO   TO  THE  »Z  MATIOM. 


I' 


ill  anything  attended  witli  the  smallest  Expeuce,  their  Plantations  being  aa  yet  in  their  infancy, 
&  with  regard  to  the  old  Settlers  amongst  the  Germans  who  live  farther  to  the  Westward,  they  have 
greatly  adopted  the  sentiments  of  the  rest  of  the  inhabitants.  The  Country  Liliewise  labours 
under  the  disadvantage  of  narrow,  and  (in  many  places)  bad  roads,  wliich  would  be  still  woi-se  did  I 
not  take  care  that  the  inhabitants,  laboured  to  repair  them  according  to  law.  the  ill  Condition 
of  Publick  roads  is  a  Great  obstruction  to  husbandry,  the  high  Wages  of  labouring  men,  and  the 
great  number  of  tepling  bouses  are  likewise  articles  which  very  much  want  regulation.  These 
disagreeable  circumstances  must  for  sometime  retard  the  Progress  of  husbandry  ;  I  could  heartily 
wisli  I  had  more  leisure  to  attend  to  these  necessary  articles  of  Improvements  to  promote  which  my 
Induence  and  Example  should  not  be  wanting.  I  have  formerly  had  pease  very  well  split  at  my 
mills,  and  I  shall  set  the  same  forward  amongs't  the  people  as  far  as  I  can,  I  have  Likewise  sent  for 
Collections  of  many  Seeds,  and  usefull  grasses  which  I  shall  Encourage  them  to  raise,  and  from  the 
great  wants  of  stock,  even  for  home  use,  &  ConsumpUou,  I  am  doing  all  I  can  to  turn  the  intention 
of  the  inhabitants  to  raising  these  necessary  articles,  for  the  purchase  of  which.  »  good  deal  of  cash 
has  hither  to  been  annually  carried  into  the  N.  England  Collonies. 

Belbre  I  set  the  Examples,  no  farmer  on  the  Mohock  River  ever  raised  so  much  as  a  single  Load 
of  Hay,  at  present  some  raise  al)ove  one  Hundred,  the  like  was  the  case  in  regard  to  sheep,  to 
which  they  were  iutire  strangers  until  I  introduced  them,  &  I  have  the  Satisfaction  to  see  them  at 
present  possess  many  other  articles,  the  result  of  my  former  Labors  for  promoting  tlieir  welfare  and 
Interests,  my  own  Tennants  amounting  to  about  100  Familys  are  not  as  yet  in  circumstances  to  do 
much,  they  were  settled  at  great  Expeuce  and  hazard  dureing  the  heat  of  the  War,  and  it  was  prin- 
cipally (I  may  venture  to  affirm,  solely)  oweing  to  their  residence  &  mine,  that  the  rest  of  the  inhab- 
itants did  not  all  abandon  their  settlements  at  that  Distressfull  Period ;  But  tho'  my  Tennants  are 
considerably  in  my  Debt,  I  shall  yet  give  them  all  the  assistance  I  can  for  encouraging  any  usefull 
Branches  of  Husbandry,  wliich  I  shall  contribute  to  promote  thro'out  the  rest  of  the  country  to  the 
utmost  of  my  power,  and  Communicate  to  you  any  material  article  wliich  may  occur  upon  that 
Subject.. 

I  am  Gentlemen,  your  very  humble  servant. 

Mess".  Smith  &  Rutherfoord. 


i«ffl/' 


REV.  MR  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


_*..^.,  .  •.  ...      -■  ■     .  Lebanon  March  28<i  1765. 

Sir  Tour  Excellency's  Favour  of  February  19*  by  David  and  Peter  came  safe  to  Hand.  I 
thank  your  Excellency  most  heartily  for  all  your  Condescension,  and  repeated  Favours  shown  me; 
and  particularly,  for  your  love  for,  and  kindness  to,  my  dear  M'  Kirtland.  I  have  been  concerned, 
lest,  through  the  Zeal  and  Vigour  of  his  youth,  tlie  natural  Spriglitliness  of  his  Genius,  and  Unac- 
quaintedness  with  the  Business  he  was  sent  upon,  he  would  be  surprized  into  some  indecent  and 
imprudent  Sallies.  But  my  principal  confidence,  under  God,  has  been  in  that  paternal  care  for  such', 
which  I  take  to  be  a  Native  in  your  Excellency's  Breast.  I  pray  your  Excellency  to  continue  your 
paternal  Kindness  towards  him;  and  whatever  Supplies  he  shall  stand  in  Need  of  please  to  provide 
him  with  the  same,  and  chai^  them  to  my  Account.  I  have  inclosed  to  him  an  Address  to  the 
Cliiefs  of  the  Nations,  to  be  convened  by  yoxit  orders  this  Month,  and  have  desired  him  to  submit  th« 
same  to  your  Excellency's  censures,  which  I  hope  you  will  not  at  all  spare,  out  of  Favour  to  me. 


PAPBBt  RtLATmO  TO  TBK  IIZ  NATIONt.  Mi 

« 

I  am  well  pleased  with  Peter  and  David.    They  both  seem  honestly  desirous  to  be  instructed. 

We  expect  to  have  Opportunity  to  recommend  to  your  Excellency's  favourable  Notice,  two  lilcely 
young  (Gentlemen,  in  the  capacity  of  Missionaries,  this  spring ;  and  three  young  Indians  of  this 
School,  in  the  capacity  of  school  masters.  I  purpose  also,  that  all  your  five  first  Boys  sliall  come 
home  this  Sprin|,  or  by  some  Time  in  June,  to  visit  their  Friends,  and  return  to  me  in  the  Fall.  It 
is  proposed  that  they  shall  Jceep  Schools  under  the  conduct  of  the  Missionaries. 

William  will  likely  make  a  fine  Boy.    He  behaves  very  well.    A  specimen  of  his  Writing  I  inclose. 

I  have  this  Week  received  a  Letter  iVom  the  Countess  of  Huntingdon,'  wherein  she  expresses 
great  Friendship  towards  this  School,  &c.  And  as  your  Excellency's  Influence  is  great  at  Home, 
and,  in  these  aifairs,  greater  than  any  otlier  Man's,  May  not  I  use  the  Freedom  to  ask  for  the  Benefit 
of  it  toward  the  Support  and  Progress  of  this  School  1  I  think  it  will  be  a  great  Pity  if  Party  Names, 
and  circumstantial  Difiereuces,  in  Matters  of  Religion,  should  by  any  Means  obstruct  tlie  Progress 
of  this  so  great  and  important  Design  of  Gospelizing  the  Heathen. 

Please  to  let  the  Parents  of  these  Boys,  know,  that  they  are  all  well ;  and  also  inform  them  of 
their  proposed  Visit  to  them. 

I  hope  your  Excellency  will  be  able  to  obtain  the  Grand  son  of  the  Onondaga  Sachem,  which  you 
mentioned  to  me,  and  send  him  with  M'  Kirtland,  whom  I  have  advised  to  visit  us  this  Spring. 

And  that  Qod.  may  long  preserve  your  valuable  and  important  Life,  and  continue  and  increase 
your  Usefulness  in  the  World,  is  the  earnest  Prayer  of. 

May  it  please  your  Excellency,  your  much  obliged, 
<■    '     '  and  most  obedient,  humble  Servant. 

His  Excellency,  Sir  William  Johnson.  Eleazar  Wheelock. 


REV.  MR.  WIIEELOCK'S  ADDRESS 

To  the  Sachems  and  Chiel^of  the  Moliawk,  Oneida,  Tuscarora,  and  other  Nations 
and  tribes  of  Indians. 
My  Brethren  and  Friends 

I  have  had  you  upon  my  heart  ever  since  I  was  a  boy.  I  have  pitied  you  on  account  of  your 
wordly  poverty,  but  much  more  on  account  of  the  perislting  case  your  precious  souls  are  in,  without 
the  knowledge  of  the  only  true  God  and  Saviour  of  Sinners.  I  have  prayed  for  you  daily  for  more 
than  thirty  years,  that  a  way  might  he  opened  to  send  the  gospel  among  you,  and  you  be  made 
willing  to  receive  it.  And  I  hope  God  is  now  answering  tlie  prayers  that  have  long  been  made  fur 
you,  and  that  the  time  of  his  Mercy  to  your  perishing  nation  is  near  at  hand. 

Some  years  ago  I  educated  M'  Occum  (who  has  been  a  little  while  with  some  of  you)  with  hopes 

1  Seliha,  countess  of  Huntingdon  the  "  Countess  Matilda"  of  Weslpyism,  the  Second  daughter  of  Washington  earl  of 
Ferrars,  was  born  24  Aug.  1707,  b  married  Theophilus  9th  Earl  of  Huntingdon.  After  a  severe  illness  she  abandoned  her 
former  habits  of  gaycty  and  dissipation,  and  became  all  at  once  grave,  reserved  and  melancholy.  Her  thoughts  were  wholly 
absorbed  by  religion  and  she  employed  her  ample  resources  in  disseminating  her  principles  by  the  agency  of  Whitefleld,  Romaine 
and  other  Methodist  Clergyman.  She  not  only  threw  open  her  private  residence  to,  but  built  chapels  In  various  parts  of  Eng- 
land for  the  accommodation  of  their  followers,  and  erected  a  college  in  Wales  for  the  education  of  persons  intended  for  the 
Ministry.  She  was  the  patroness  of  Occum  whilst  he  remained  in  England,  and  not  only  hospitably  entertained  him  in  her 
house  but  introduced  him  to  the  notice  of  sevural  of  the  Nobility.  She  was,  also,  a  generous  contributor  to  Dr  Wheelock's 
Indian  School.  She  died  full  of  years  and  piety  at  her  house  in  Spaflclds,  London,  on  the  17tb  June  1791.  There  is  a  por- 
trait of  her  prefixed  to  Life  and  Timtt  ofStlina  Counttu  o/ Aunltngrfon,"  London.    1844  2  v.  8vo  in  the  State  Lib. 


SSI 


rAPCM  RBLATIIfO  TO  TUB  SIX  WATIOm. 


that  God  wonid  noBke  him  ua  Instrament  of  great  good  to  my  poor  brethren  the  Indians.  He 
labored  a  number  of  years  with  the  Indians  at  Montauk  ;  and  was  a  mean  of  much  good  to  that 
tribe,  and  also  an  Instrument  of  good  to  some  in  New  England,  and  I  hope  did  a  little  good  to  you 
In  the  short  time  he  was  with  you. 

After  I  had  educated  M'  Occum,  and  saw  no  other  way  to  help  the  perishing  Indians,  tliere 
being  no  door  open  to  send  missionaries  among  them,  I  determined  on  setting  up  an  Indian  School 
to  teach  their  Children,  that  when  they  had  got  their  learning,  they  might  return  home,  and  in 
their  own  language  teach  their  brothers,  sisters  and  friends  the  way  of  Salvation  by  Jesns  Christ. 

And  accordingly  I  began  this  School  more  then  ten  years  ago.  I  first  took  two  boys  of  the  Dele- 
wares,  but  one  of  them  died  when  he  was  almost  fit  for  College,  the  other  went  to  College,  and 
when  he  was  almost  through,  was  overcome  by  strong  drink,  and  by  this  he  grieved  my  ver\  heart. 
I  hope  he  would  have  been  good,  and  I  hope  yet  that  God  will  have  mercy  on  him  and  make  him 
good  before  he  dies. 

I  am  now  sending  you  eight  of  your  sons,  whom  I  have  learned  to  read  and  write  well.  The  min- 
isters who  have  joined  witli  me  to  help  forward  the  great  design  of  Christianizing  the  Indians,  have 
examined  them,  and  recommend  two  of  them  with  Joseph  WooHy,  to  be  school  masters,  where  they 
can  find  the  Indians  willing  to  have  their  children  taught :  the  other  six,  though  they  can  read 
and  write  well  enough  to  teach  a  school,  yet  we  think  they  are  too  young  to  be  masters.  We  are 
afhUd  your  children  will  not  mind  them  ;  and  therefore  have  ordered  them  to  teach  your  children, 
under  the  direction  of  the  missionaries,  till  next  fall ;  and  then  they  are  to  return  to  this  scliool  to 
get  more  learning ;  and  I  hope  some  of  them  will  be  fit  in  time  to  preacli  Christ  to  you,  if  God  shall 
please  to  give  them  good  hearts. 

Now  I  assure  you,  my  brethren,  in  what  I  have  done,  and  am  doing,  I  have  no  interest  of  my  own 
in  view ;  but  I  have  compassion  upon  your  precious  souls,  for  whom  Christ  died,  and  which  must 
be  lost  and  miserable  fur  ever  unless  you  be  made  to  know  him,  and  the  way  of  life  by  him,  and  so 
to  partake  of  tlie  great  salvation,  which  he  has  purchased  for  us. 

Two  ministers  are  coming  to  you  from  my  scliool,  who  are  sent  to  you  by  the  commissioners, 
and  they  are  men  of  learning,  have  liad  a  liberal  education,  and  are  able  to  teach  you  the  way  of 
salvation  by  Christ.  And  tliey  love  you  much ;  they  do  not  come  to  get  money,  nor  to  get  away 
your  lands,  nor  to  clieat  or  wrong  you  in  any  thing,  but  only  to  do  you  good.  And  you  may 
depend  upon  it,  I  will  never  willingly  send  one  to  preach  the  gospel  to  you,  who  has  any  higlier 
view  than  to  save  your  souls.  That  is  the  errand  these  men  come  upon,  and  as  such  you  must 
receive  them,  and  treat  them  kindly. 

David  Fowler,  ■  who  has  been  educated  at  my  school,  and  is  one  of  the  school  masters  betbre 
mentioned,  I  now  send  to  keep  school  among  you,  to  teach  your  children,  if  you  will  receive  lilm. 

1  Datid  FowLcn  wm  a  Hontauk  Indian,  entered  the  Indian  School  at  Lebanon,  about  1769.  He  early  ihewed  an  aptitude 
ibr  agriculture,  and  it  was  Dr.  Wheelock's  opinion  that  he  would  make  a  good  farmer  if  he  should  ever  have  the  advantage 
of  experience.  In  June,  1761,  he  accompanied  Sampson  Occom  to  the  Oneidas  and  returned  in  August  with  three  Indian 
youtha.  He  waa  approved  as  an  Indian  teacher  in  March,  1765,  and  set  out  accordingly  for  the  Oneida  Nation  on  the  20th 
of  April.    He  shortly  after  wrote  Dr.  Wheelock  the  following  letter  from  his  new  residence  .— 

"  Kanavarohare,  In  Oneida,  June  15, 1766. ' 
"  Honored  and  Ber.  Sir 

"  Thit  is  the  twelftli  day  since  I  began  my  school ;  and  eight  of  my  seholara  are  now  in  the  third  page  of  their  spelling 
book.  I  never  saw  children  exceed  these  in  learning.  The  number  of  my  scholars  is  twenty  six,  but  it  is  difficult  to  keep 
them  together  ;  they  are  often  roving  about  trom  place  to  place  to  get  something  to  live  upon.  I  am  also  teaching  a 
itngtng  school.  They  take  great  pleastire  in  learning  to  sing.  We  can  already  carry  three  parts  of  several  tunes.  I  am  well 
contented  to  live  here,  so  long  as  I  am  in  such  great  business.    I  believe  I  shall  persuade  the  men  in  this  castle,  at  least 


rA»BM  ftlOATllHP  TC  TIM  MX  VATCHni. 

Ha  is  a  ntiooal,  aprlghtly,  Mtiva  young  man ;  and  I  believe  you  will  find  him  to  be  very  honett 
and  faitliful.  He  comes  only  to  do  you  good.  His  friends  at  Montauk  have  sent  to  me,  eariieglly 
desiring  that  he  might  come  there  and  teacli  their  children ;  but  I  liave  otten  iieard  that  you  desired 
greatly  to  be  tauglit,  and  I  hope  he  wiU  do  more  good  among  you,  and  therefore  I  send  Itim  to  you. 
I  hope  you  will  be  kind  to  him  as  one  of  your  own  people,  and  lielp  him  to  live  among  you.  I  liope 
you  will  help  him  to  get  a  house,  and  let  lilm  liavc  some  of  your  land  to  plant  and  sow ;  and  lie  will, 
besides  teaching  your  children,  lielp  and  instruct  you  in  managing  husbandry  ;  whicli  you  must  learu 
if  you  expect  God  will  increase  your  number,  and  build  you  up,  and  make  you  his  people. 

I  liear  that  some  of  the  Indians  think  it  to  be  a  mean  thing,  und  below  men  to  work  in  tlie  Held, 
that  it  belongs  only  to  women.    Tliis  tliought  is  not  right  nor  pleasing  to  God. 

Tlie  first  work  he  sat  man  about,  and  tliat  before  he  ever  had  sinned,  wlien  lie  was  more  honora 
ble  tlian  any  mere  man  has  ever  been  since,  was  to  till  the  ground  to  get  liis  living  by  it.  And 
after  man  had  sinned,  God  told  him  he  should  get  his  living  by  the  sweat  of  liis  face,  aiul  lie  lias 
commanded  us  in  the  fourth  commandment  to  work  six  days  in  the  week.  And  often  in  liis  word 
testified  his  displeasure  against  tliose  wlio  will  not  work  for  a  living.  Tliis  eartli  is  all  God's  land, 
and  he  will  have  it  all  cultivated.  So  long  as  there  are  not  people  enougli  to  inhabit  tlie  eartli,  Gud 
lets  the  wild  beasts  have  it  for  their  dwelling  place  ;  and  a  few  lazy  savage  people  he  suffers  to  live 
a  hungry  miserable  life  by  hunting.  But  when  the  children  of  men  grow  numerous,  and  want  tlie 
earth  to  cultivate  for  a  living,  the  wild  beasts  must  give  place  to  tliem,  and  men  must  improve  the 
land  for  God  ;  if  they  do  not  they  are  bad  tenants  and  must  be  turned  off  as  such.  If  you  will  not 
cultivate  God's  land,  you  cannot  expect  tliat  God  will  greatly  multiply  you.  I  speak  this  only  for 
your  good  :  I  propose  no  advantage  to  myself  nor  to  any  otlier,  but  you  and  your  posterity  by  it. 

When  you  improve  your  land,  and  provide  a  living  for  youraelves  and  families  jc  that  way,  you 
will  live  much  easier  and  better  than  you  now  do  or  can  do  by  hunting.  And  when  your  game  is 
gone,  you  will  not  have  occasion  to  remove  to  another  place,  or  to  go  a  great  way  to  catch  wild 
creatures  to  live  upon  as  Indians  have  lieen  forced  to  do ;  but  you  will  live  as  well  without  tliem  as 
witli  tliem,  by  the  produce  of  your  own  farms.  And  then  you  will  be  under  circumstances  to  liave 
ministers  and  school  masters  settled  among  you  ;  and  will  be  able  to  support  them  according  to  the 
laws  of  Clirist,  to  teach  you  and  your  children  tlie  great  tilings  that  concern  your  peace  witli  God, 
and  the  eternal  salvation  of  your  precious  souls ;  and  so  you  may  soon  become  a  learned  and 
knowing  people.  And  then  you  will  be  in  no  danger  of  being  imposed  upon  and  cheated,  as  you 
have  been  by  bad  men,  who  care  not  what  becor.<->>  of  Indians,  if  tliey  can  only  get  your  lands,  and 
cheat  and  wrong  you  in  other  things.  I  pity  yu;  ,( vatly  on  these  accounts  ;  and  I  wish  you  would 
mind  what  I  say  to  you.    I  greatly  desire  you  may  .  ecome  a  great,  and  good,  and  very  happy  people. 

David  Fowler  can  tell  you  how  God  has  dealt  witli  Indians  in  New  England,  and  how  they  now 
begin  to  see  their  error,  and  amend  their  doings. 

I  thank  you  for  the  kindness,  which  some  ot  you  have  shewn  to  my  dear  M'  Kirkland,  whom  I 
sent  into  your  country  last  fall.    His  heart  is  bent  to  do  good  to  the  Indians.    He  denies  himself 

the  most  of  them,  to  Ubour  ne^t  year.  They  begin  now  to  sne,  that  they  could  live  better  if  they  cultivated  their  lands 
than  they  do  now  by  hunting  and  fishing. 

"  I  ask  the  continuance  of  your  prayers,  that  God  would  give  me  grace,  and  All  my  heart  with  love  of  God  and  compassion 
to  perishing  souls  :  and  that  God  would  make  me  an  instrument  of  winning  many  souls  to  Christ,  before  I  leave  this  world. 

"  Please  to  accept  much  love  and  respect,  from  your  afi^ctionate  and  unworthypnpil,  "  David  Fowler." 

The  famine  which  visited  western  N.  York  this  year  obliged  the  Oneidas  to  remove  in  search  of  food  to  another  quarter, 
and  David  Fowler  returned  to  N.  England  for  further  aid.  We  have  no  means  of  following  up  the  remainder  of  bis  career 
but  he  is  stated  to  have  been  alive  in  1811  at  Onel  la,  an  industrious  Armer  and  usefiil  man. — Ed. 

Vol..  IV.  29 


11 


986 


PATBM  aiLATIXe  TO  TMB  SIX  VATIOM. 


•n  the  pl«uun  and  honors  which  he  might  have  here  among  hia  friendt,  only  to  do  you  good.  I 
hope  you  will  continue  your  klndneM  to  him,  and  treat  him  as  my  child.  I  hope  God  will  make 
him  an  instrument  of  great  good  to  the  Indians. 

I  wish  you  all  the  happiness  in  tliis  world  and  the  world  to  come.  I  design  by  Oo<l's  help  to  do 
all  the  good  I  can  to  the  poor  miserable  Indians  as  long  as  I  live ;  and  when  you  can  pray  to  Ood 
Ibr  yourselves,  then  pray  also  for  me.  I  hope  I  shall  live  in  heaven  with  many  of  you,  and  tiiat 
we  shall  njoice  together  in  beholding  our  glorified  Redeemer  forevermore.    Amen. 

Lebanon,  April  29, 1765.  Eleazab  Wheelocx. 


REV»  M»  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W«  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon,  20»h  April,  1765. 
Sir,  May  it  please  your  Excellency,         '     ' 

The  Bearer,  David  Fowler,  lias  been  for  some  Time  in  this  School ;  and  is  a  youth  of  good 
Abilities,  whose  activity  &  Prudence,  Fortitude  &  Honesty  have  much  recommended  liim  to  me. 
He  comes  with  Design  if  he  meets  witli  proper  encouragment  to  settle  down  among  tlie  Oneyadu's 
(unless  some  other  place  more  inviting  presents)  in  the  capacity  of  a  School  Master;  and  also  (so  far 
as  that  Business  will  allow)  has  a  Design  to  set  them  an  Example  of  Agriculture  for  liis  Support : 
and  do  what  he  can  to  recommend  that  manner  of  living  to  the  Indians. 

And  if  he  can  be  accomodated  to  liis  mind  lie  lias  Thoughts  as  soon  as  he  has  prepared  a  Habita- 
tion &c  to  return  and  marry  a  very  amiable  Girl,  whom  I  have  been  educating  for  the  Purpose,  and 
who  will  be  a  good  Assistant  in  prosecuting  the  Design. 

And  as  the  Life  and  Success  of  the  whole,  under  God,  very  much  depends  upon  your  Excel- 
lency's countenance ;  I  have  advised  him  to  submitt  the  whole  to  your  Direction  and  conduct,  not 
doubting  but,  so  fur  as  the  crowd  of  your  Affairs  will  allow,  you  will  favour  him  with  such  Instruc- 
tions, and  Recommendation,  as  you  shall  think  needful,  or  useful  for  him. 

If  M'  Kirtland's  Conduct,  in  Indian  Affairs,  has  been  agreable  to  you,  and  tlio  Prospect  of  his  use- 
fulness be  such  as  is  worthy  Encouragment,  a  Recommendation  from  your  Excellency  would  be  of 
great  service  therein. 

I  conclude  you  liave  seen  in  the  public  Prints,  the  Resolves  of  this  Board  of  Corrispondents  on 
the  I2U>  ult°,  to  send  severel  Missionaries,  and  Scliool  Masters  into  your  country.  But  having  no 
Fund,  we  have  l>een  seeking  a  meet  Person  to  accompany  M'  Occom,  or  some  other  Indian  from  this 
school,  to  Europe  to  ask  the  Charity  and  Assistance  of  good  people  towards  the  support  of  the  Plan 
we  have  laid. 

The  Board  of  Corrispondents  in  N.  Jersey,  have  l)een  applied  to  for  M'  Brainerd,*  but  for  several 
Reasons  he  cant  l)e  obtained.  I  liave  now  wrote  M'  Charles  J.  Smith  to  undertake  in  that  affair, 
but  wlio  will  be  the  man  is  not  yet  determined.  M'  John  Smith  Mercht  in  Boston  is  going  to  England 
in  May  or  June,  who  will  be  employed  in  the  affair  so  far  as  may  be  consistant  with  liis  Business 
and  Character,  if  no  Clergyman  can  be  obtained  for  that  purpose.  And  a  Recommendation  of  the 
Affair  to  Gentlemen  at  Home,  by  your  Excellency,  may  be  of  very  great  service  to  the  Furtheranca 
of  it,  and  likely  of  much  greater  service  to  it  than  any  other  man's,  as  your  Connections  are,  and 
your  Character  now  rising  in  tiie  Kingdom. 

1  Ber.  John  Bkaiiebd  was  brother  to  the  celebrated  David  B.  and  like  him  an  Indian  Missionary.  He  graduated  in  Tale 
in  174S.    His  labonra  were  chiefly  amonK  the  Indians  of  New  Jersey.    He  died  In  1780 


»Afnt  KILATtHa  TO  TUB  SIX  NATIOIIt. 


887 


If  Tonr  Exeelleney  will  condeiend  to  fiivour  us  and  The  Design  in  these  Respeets  we  shall 
esteem  It  to  be  a  singular  Favour. 

I  liave  ordered  David  to  malce  ready  8  or  10  lllcely  Boys,  such  as  you  shall  approve  for  this  School, 
by  that  Time  the  rest  of  my  Boys  arive  to  you,  by  whom  I  shall  send  a  Lad  to  accompany  hither 
those  lie  thus  prepares  for  me,  unless  Joseph  WooUey's  coming  with  them  sho<«  prevent  me. 

And  that  Almighty  Qod  may  support  you  under  all  your  Toil  &  Labours  for  your  King  k  Ciountry 
and  late,  very  late,  reward  the  same  with  himself  is  the  Prayer  of,  «.w  ■ 

-.  -       May  it  please  your  Excellency  Your  Excellency's  most 

Obedient,  and  most  Humble  Servant 
'  <  Eleazar  Wheklock. 

p.  S.— Your  Boys  are  all  well  excepting  that  little  Elias  received  a  bad  blow  with  a  Ballstick 
from  one  of  his  mates  as  they  were  playing  together  but  he  is  in  a  way  to  be  well  soon. 
Sir  William  Johnson. 


REV»  SAMUEL  KIRTLAND  TO  SIR  W«  JOHNSON. 

Canesedage*  17  June  1765. 

Sir.  I  arriv'd  safe  here  30U>  May,  after  a  very  fatiguing  Journey  receg  little  or  no  assistance  from 
my  ungrateful  Fellow  Travellers. 

I've  answered  y«  two  belts  by  which  they  demanded  Provisions  for  y«  Women  &  Children,  Trade 
&c  they  have  made  no  return.  I  apprehend  are  a  little  guilty  &  asham'd  of  y*  mean  part  they 
acted.  The  Sachem  knew  nothing  of  their  sending  y*  large  belt  for  Provisions  &c.  was  surprised 
to  hear  of  their  unreasonable  demands.  The  Sachem  and  several  others  do  really  appear  i>iendly. 
in  general  they  treat  me  with  no  more  respect  than  they  would  shew  to  a  dog — but  this  is  equal  to 
me.  I  believe  a  little  more  Provision  than  I'm  like  to  get  here,  will  be  necessary  for  my  subsist- 
ence this  summer.  The  Indians  from  above  living  so  much  upon  this  Town  since  y*  general  meet- 
ing, has  created  a  great  scarcity  of  Provisions.  I  suppose  there  is  not  3  bushels  of  Indian  Com  in 
y*  Castle,  when  I  went  from  hence  last  spring  they  were  well  stored.  Could  I  have  a  plenty  of 
fresh  venison  &  bears  flesh,  I  would  do  without  bread,  y*  staff  of  Life,  but  to  have  little  of  either 
&  y«  most  of  yt  little  rotten,  I  think  may  be  call'd  coarse  fare. 

It  was  said  in  y*  ancient  puritanick  times,  y<  man  should  not  live  by  bread  alone, — ^The  Modem 
ages  it  seems  have  degenerated,  especially  in  these  parts,  for  we  are  like  to  be  denied  any  bread  at  all. 

I  design  (god  willing)  to  be  down  about  twenty  days  from  hence.  I've  wrote  desiring  Capt 
Butler  to  make  ready  Provision  for  me  against  my  arrival,  your  Excellency  approving  y*  same. 
I  dont  doubt  but  Rev*  M'  Wheelock  would  tliink  it  expedient,  it  will  be  to  y*  credit  of  y«  Design, 
as  well  as  my  comfort  &  support.  Tho'  success  in  my  present  undertaking  be  uncertain,  I  must 
make  a  trial  of  3  or  4  years,  y*  I  may  answer  with  a  clear  Conscience  l>efore  Almighty  God.  My 
obligations  from  without  are  considerable,  but  much  greater  from  within.    I  submit  it  wholly  to 

1  For  the  site  of  this  town  also  written  Canadesagay,  see  Guy  Johnson's  Indian  Map  in  this  toI.  It  is  said  that  this 
was  the  original  name  of  Geneva,  Ontario  Co.,  but  in  the  Col.  Johnson's  Map,  the  Indian  Castle  is  laid  down  10  miles  wrat 
of  th*  head  of  Seneca  lak». 


'  'i         U 


MfMUi  ftStATIM  to 


MM  NA< 


font  Etv«lltiM7,  ivhoM  dlrNtlon  and  advio*  I  Mteem  Infinitely  pnhnhk  to  my  owoi  dso  Ibr  wlUMt 
former  uii(leMrv«d  kindness  and  oondesentlon,  I  desire  to  renew  moat  hnmbia  ttianki. 

That  SnocMi  h  Praaperity  may  erown  all  your  Eseeltoney't  nndartaklnga.  la  y*  ahuut  wiah  of 
blm.— wIm  la  with  greatest  ealaam 

Your  Exeallcnoyi  moat  obedient  k 

obliged  humble  aervant 
His  Excellency  S'  W"  Johnson.  8.  KiRTUkiiD. 

P.  S.    I  shall  go  down  by  water,  with  one  or  two  Indians  who  hare  Invited  me  to  go  with  them 
for  sake  of  learning  y«  Language. 
I  have  not,  nor  aball  I  acquaint  them  y>  I  have  any  thoughts  of  getting  Provision  up  here. 


.1.  •<>■.  ■,,-• 


..I  •  (     ',  i 


/•  v^ 


REVB  m  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  W«  JOHNSON. 


Lebanon  21W  Oct'  17G5. 
Sir,  May  it  please  your  Excellency. 

The  Bearer  a  Nurraganset  Indian  with  a  number  of  that  Tribe  desire  roe  to  write  you  in  their 
Favour.  I  am  not  ucquuintcd  with  their  Case  only  by  common  Fame  and  it  lius  been  often  said 
that  a  number  of  that  Tribe  appear  more  spirited  to  cultivate  their  Lands,  and  live  by  the  Produce 
of  them,  than  heretofore  they  have  been,  but  that  tliey  are  like  to  be  prevented  tlierein  by  a  drunken 
Saohem  who  has  got  in  Debt,  and  is  selling  their  Lands  flist  to  the  English,  Yonr  Exoellenoy  no 
doubt  knows  their  Case  much  better  than  I  do,  and  will  be  ready  to  prevent  the  Evil  they  few  if  it 
be  In  yoor  power. 

Sir.  I  am  ordered  by  the  Board  of  Corrispondents  in  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  to  return  your 
Exoellency  their  grateAil  acknowledgment  of  your  favourable  recommendation  of  this  Indian  School 
&o.  and  for  all  the  Expressions  of  your  Favour  and  Friendship  towards  the  Important  Design 
of  Inlarging  k  advancing  the  kingdom  of  the  Redeemer  among  the  Savages,  and  to  Express  their 
best  Wishes  for  yonr  temporal  and  eternal  Felicity.  We  rely  upon  yonr  Friendship,  and  would 
by  no  means  Justly  merit  the  Contrary. 

I  am  obliged  to  write  in  utmost  Hurry  k  Conftision  or  not  embrace  this  Favourable  opportunity 
of  Conveyance  which  your  Goodness  will  readily  enough  considet  as  an  Excuse  fbr  what  Is  so 
unfkshionably  offered  by  Hon<>  Sir. 

Your  Excellency's  much  obliged  and  most  Obed*  Humble  Servant 

Sir  Win*  Johnson.  ELCAkAa  Whxclock. 


•  •T    M^-      WV 


I- ; 


P  -:  ;   !n-S5i    } 


«;  ii><'>r^-'-t'  rif  i  .■<  it  I   ■, 


SIR  W.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  THOMAS  BARTON. 


Johnstm  Hall  Nov  7»*,  1766. 

Sir  I  bav«  had  the  favor  of  yours,  and  I  am  much  obliged  to  you  for  the  trouble  yon  have  given 
yourself  about  the  Electrical  Aparatus  &c  and  tot  your  polite  &  friendly  offers  of  Service  of  which 
I  may  now  k  then  avail  myself. 

The  Interest  I  have  in  the  Wellkre  of  the  Indians,  k  my  sincere  regard  for  thetf  happiness  has 
Induced  me  at  all  times  to  give  proper  Introductions  k  Assistance  to  the  Missionarys  sent  amongst 


MMW  ftMJITfM  TO  mC  •!«  MATI 

them,  and  if  my  becoming  •  Member  of  the  Society  will  Inereaie  my  power  to  forward  to  good  an 
undertaltlng  I  •hail  not  hesitate  to  agree  to  M'  Auchmutyt  kind  pruiHiMl,  to  whoae  civility  I  am 
much  obliged  and  niuat  beg  the  fktvor  of  you  to  tranimit  him  my  heiirty  thanks  fur  his  intentions 
relative  to  me,  assuring  liim  that  I  can  have  no  Objection  to  ben^ming  a  memt>cr  of  so  Venerable 
•  body. 

I  shall  be  Extremely  glad  to  h«ar  of  your  Welfare,  or  to  serve  whenever  in  my  power  as  I  am. 
.      Ttiu  Kev*'  Mr  Barton. 

*,*Hevil  Thomu  Barton,  wm  tmrn  In  TrcUn<t  In  1780.  Il«  wan  k  Krtdiiata  n(  Trinity  Coll.,  Dublin.  In  17M,  the  Soektjr 
Ibr  the  Prop,  of  the  Quupvl,  ureotoU  •  MUtlun  fur  tli«  cuunllui  of  Yurk  »ihI  CurulM-rUwl,  Pa  ,  and  aptxiinted  Mr.  liartua 
to  It,  he  havInK  brouflit  over  with  him,  and  laid  berorc  tlto  Rocloty  a  curtlflcato  Trom  tlui  TruMfci  and  Proft'iaori  of  lh« 
Pblladvlplila  Cull.,  that  he  had  been  more  than  two  year*  employed  ai  an'aMUtutit  in  that  Inntltutlon,  and  dlachargcd  bl«  duty 
to  thoir  full  Mtlifkctlon,  and  thorvforu  Joined  In  rpcommendUiK  blni  a*  a  prn|)rr  p«riion  Tor  the  .Society'*  lervli-e.  Thl*  bvlni  a 
fVontier  aettlement.  It*  dutle*  were  particularly  onerou*.  He  had  to  ride  148  mile*  every  *ii  week*  to  attenil  bia  thrw;  congrt- 
gatinn*,  and  oAon  at  the  head  of  hi*  people  went  to  nppoie  tha  SavKgc*  when  de*olatinK  the  iii'lgbtmrlnR  (ettlemnni*.  lie 
■erved  In  1768  a«  Chaplain  In  the  expedition  againat  Fort  Duquuine,  and  thu*  became  acquainted  with  Waiblnglon  and 
other  di*tingulNhcd  OlHcer*. 

In  1770  be  received  the  degree  of  A,  M.,  iVnm  King'*  Coll,,  New  York.  On  the  tnreaking  out  of  the  revolution  he  adhcrnl 
to  the  Royal  canie  and  wan  In  oonwfiuencu  placed  on  the  llniita  of  hi*  county,  and  afterward*  conflned  to  hi*  houao.  U« 
eoattnned  thu*  a  priaoner  two  year*,  and  at  lait  found  bim*elf  under  the  necvMlty  of  leaving  hi*  lltnilly  and  parbh,  after  • 
aarvlce  of  20  year*,  and  withdrawing  to  New- York,  where  he  arrived  in  NovcnilM>r,  1778.  Hi*  long  confinement  to  hi*  hou*« 
impaired  hi*  health,  and  brought  on  a  dropny,  under  which  he  languiahed  unt'l  i  lie  25th  May,  1780,  when  he  yielded  to  hi*  (kle 
at  the  age  of  60  year*.  He  lofl  In  Pcnniylvania,  a  widow,  and  eight  children  by  a  former  wife.  The  well  known  Prof.  Barton, 
ef  the  Unlverfity  of  Penn.,  waa  hi*  ion.    Id. 


CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

\t,  i  • ,    .  .  » - 

Schonactudy  200>  December  1765. 
Sir  As  the  Congregation  of  the  Church  of  England  have  come  to  a  Resolution  to  petition  his 
Excellency  the  Governor  to  grant  them  a  Charter  to  Secure  tlieir  Rights  and  privileges  in  the 
Chtuoh  built  here,  they  beg  leave  to  lay  their  petition  before  yuu  ibr  your  approbation,  and  likewise 
beseech  you  Sir  to  Honour  them  with  an  Acceptance  uf  beeiug  one  of  tlie  Trustees  in  tlie  Charter  if 
one  can  be  Obtained,  as  we  then  can  have  no  doubt  If  a  Gentleman  of  your  known  Merit  and 
Charecter  will  Espouse  our  Cause  it  will  prevent  for  the  Aiture  the  presbyterians  from  makeing  any 
unjust  attemps  on  the  priviledges  in  the  Church  we  hope  you  will  graciously,  Honour  us  with  an 
answer  as  soon  as  your  Leibure  will  permit  which  will  confere  the  most  Grateful!  Obligation  on  our 
Congregation,  and  in  a  pertlcular  manner  on  your  Honors  Most 

Obedient  hnmble  servants 

J  W  Browk 
Matthew  Ltitc 

~  '       '     '  '       ■        ^   -.  RiCHD  C0LLIN 

'  ^  "  JoNATHH  OODCN. 


S80 


PAPXM  RILATINO  TO  TBK  tlX  MATIOM. 


REVD  SAMUEL  KIRTLANDTO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 


i\    M 


Pl-t' 


Sir.  I  wrote  your  Honour  sometime  past  by  Onuhsocktea  &  y*two  white  men  from  Niagara,.  w<>>> 
I  Iiope  lias  come  safe  to  liand. — We  liave  no  news  of  consequence  stiring  among  us  at  present.  IVe 
heard  by  some  of  y«  Indians  y'  your  Honour  has  liad  a  very  easy  happy  time  thro'  the  winter — No 
Visiters  no  Company  excepting  Cap  Monteur,  no  Letters  from  abroad.  Nothing  to  do  but  to  set 
down  &  eiyoy  y  Comforts  of  Lite,  w^"*  news  T  tell  them  is  too  good  to  be  true.  I  rather  fear  y« 
contrary.  Ive  lately  spoke  to  the  Indians  here,  something  farther  concerning  my  design  &c.  I  have 
had  an  agreable  encouraging  answer — of  w«»>  I  shall  acquaint  your  Honour  by  y«  next  opportunity 
having  but  a  moment  to  write  at  present,  &  y*  Bearer  now  waiting.  I  beg  leave  being  desir'd  to 
insert  a  sliort  speech  for  Tekanondo,  as  he  is  my  special  friend  &  main  suppurt  here.  I  mention 
only  y«  Substance. 

'*  I  return  you  many  thanks  for  your  friendly  encouraging  words  last  fall— they  buried  almost 
all  my  sorrow,  &  gave  me  as  it  were  new  life.  I  keep  y"  continually  in  my  mind.  I  again  return 
most  hearty  thanks  for  your  Remembrance  of  lue.  I  desire  you  wou'd  consider  y"  present  disposition 
&  intention  of  my  warriors  to  visit  y*  old  Enemies  y*  Cherokee,  you  are  well  acquainted  w*>>  our 
ancient  Customs  &  Traditions,  y*  y*  late  Breach  in  my  family  cant  be  fully  made  up  in  any  other 
way.  I  know  not  w>  your  present  stores  are,  nor  how  you  are  disposed  towards  these  things.  I  ask 
only  this  y'  you  woud  take  it  into  consideration.  You  are  doubtless  sensible  it  is  hard  for  me  to 
see  all  my  Notes  pass  me  on  this  Business,  &  I  being  alone,  perhaps  shall  set  down  &  weep  w»> 
my  miserable  Condition.  But  if  my  Waireours  go  I'll  be  contented  to  tarry  your  encouraging  word 
&  strict  charge  last  fall  shall  support  me  &  be  continually  in  my  mind. 

In  much  hast  your  Honours  most  obed^  &  ever  hum"  Serv< 

S.   KlRTLAND. 

Kaunaudasage  Febr  18, 1766,  if  I  dont  mistake. 

I  beg  y"  favour  of  an  Almanack  if  your  Honou'  has  a  supply.    I  fear  I  shall  forget  y*  Sabbaths  & 
perhaps  new  moons,  &  become  a  Savage  indeed. 
The  Honbi  Sl»  W»  Johnson. 


MB  WEYMAN,  PRINTER.  TO  SIR  W^  JOHNSON. 

ON  THE  SUBJECT  OF  THE  INDIAN  FRAYEH  BOOK. 

New  York,  March  25, 1766. 
Sir,  The  Indian  Common  Prayer  Book  stil  lies  dead  ; — I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  how  I 
am  to  proceed.  I  have  been  at  much  Expence  for  what  is  done,  and  assure  myself  of  your 
consideration  of  y"  Affair.  I  shall  wait  your  Motion  with  Pleasure ; — No  doubt  occurrences  pre- 
vented its  farther  Progress  with  you.  The  Reverend  M'  Ogilvie,  who  is  now  Curate  here,  will  no 
doubt  undertake  its  Correction,  if  you  doubt  my  Carefulness  from  sticking  close  to  a  legible  Copy ; 
and,  I  think.  Sir,  he  will  readily  assist  on  Application,  which,  if  you  please,  I  will  undertake  to 
address  for,  should  you  incline  to  continue  its  Publication. 

I  am.  Your  Excellency's  obliged,  and  Obedient  H>>i«  Servant, 

W"   Weyman. 


tAtlM  MtlJkTINO  TO  THE  MX  NA7I0MS. 


281 


THE  MAYOR  OF  ALBAM  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

1^  May,  1766. 

Rev.  Sir,  We  are  Ikvored  with  your  letter  of  the  21>t,  and  with  Mr.  Smith's  of  the  10>i>  of  April 
last.  The  design  of  christianising  the  Indians,  and  diffusing  the  light  of  the  gospel  to  tliose  unhappy 
people,  that  have  not  yet  partaken  of  that  divine  blessing,  is  so  truly  charitable,  and  favr>' Able  to 
humanity,  that  it  deserves  all  Uie  encouragement  and  attention,  that  it  has  met  with  from  our  gracious 
sovereign,  and  those  worthy  bene&otors,  who  so  generally  followed  the  royal  example. 

We  esteem  ourselves  peculiarly  liappy  that  an  opportunity  is  offered  us,  to  show  how  much  we 
are  inclined  to  promote  a  plan  so  universally  countenanced,  and  :o  deservedly  applauded.  We 
have  informed  ourselves  of  the  Kev.  Mr.  Kirldand,  to  whom  you  was  pleased  to  refer  us  for  par- 
ticulars. The  affair  is  of  so  ntucli  importance,  that  it  claims  our  most  serious  and  delil)«rate  con- 
sideration, and  the  little  time  allowed  fVom  the  speedy  return  of  Mr.  does  not  permit  us 
to  send  our  proposals  by  him :  we  shall  however  embrace  the  earliest  opportunity  to  convey  them 
to  you,  and  we  hoj^  that  wlwn  you  get  them,  they  will  be  such  as  will  meet  with  your  approbation, 
and  merit  the  consideration  of  those  worthy  gentlemen  in  England,  to  whom  this  affair  is  referred. 

We  beg  leave  to  assure  you,  sir,  of  our  particular  regard  for  you  ;  we  wish  you  much  of  the 
divine  grace,  and  health  to  go  on  with  tl)is  good  work,  of  which  (greatly  to  your  honour  l)e  it 
spoken,  and  may  it  long  be  gratefUlly  remembered)  you  have  been  the  first  promoter. 

We  are.  Rev,  Sir,  Your  most  humble  servant 

V.  Dow,  Mayor,  &c. 


km 


REV»  MR  WHEELOCK  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Lebanon  4*1'  July  1766. 

Sir,  I  grateihlly  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  Your  Excell'y*  Favour  by  David  Fowler — I  much 
regrett  the  loss  of  GooA,  wito,  as  David  and  others  inform  me,  was  a  man  of  great  Consequence, 
botli  with  respect  to  their  religious,  and  Secular  Interest. 

And  I  ant  indeed  much  affectetl  with  the  acco'  (which  you  referr  me  to  David  for)  of  the  occa- 
sions given  to  several  Tribes  to  revive  their  old  Prejudices,  and  renew  their  Hostilities  against  the 
English.  May  your  Excellency  experience  that  same  Fountain  of  Wisdom  which  has  hitherto 
guided  you  on  such  occasions,  to  bo  still  sufficient  for  yon,  in  this  critical  affair. 

My  plan  is  much  disconcerted  hereby — ^Tlie  English  youth  who  accompany  this,  viz.  Johnson  and 
McCiuer,'  are  Memoers  of  Yale  College,  as  well  as  of  this  School ;  and  were  design'd,  if  it  might  be, 
under  Your  Excellency's  Direction  &  Favour,  to  spend  the  ensuing  Season,  (with  their  Indian 

1  David  McCiuiiii,  D.  D.,  vms  »  nattvo  of  Brookflcid,  Mass.  After  spending  Bomo  time  under  Mr.  Kirtland,  at  Oneida,  he 
graduated  at  Yale  CoDcgo  In  ITAO,  nud  then  Wamc  a  teacher  in  Dr.  Wheelock's  school.  In  the  summer  of  1772  he  set  out  to 
visit  the  Delaware  Indiana  on  the  Mnskingum  river,  west  of  the  Ohio,  a  journal  of  which  mission  is  published  In  Wheelock's 
Nar.  fur  1773.  On  his  return  to  Plttslntrgh  (Vom  this,  what  turned  out  to  be  a  fruitless  mission,  he  spent  seven  months  among 
the  scattered  white  sottlvntcnts  tn  Western  Penn.  In  the  summer  of  1774,  in  company  with  Messrs.  Dean  and  others,  ho  visited 
the  Canada  Indians.  During,  and  ft>r  some  time  alter  the  revolution,  he  was  minister  of  Northampton,  N.  H.,  and  in  1786 
removed  to  East  Windsor,  wh«r«  he  died  Juno  25, 1820,  aged  71.  His  wife  was  the  daughter  of  Dr.  Fomeroy  and  niece  of  Dr. 
Wheolock .  wh^se  Memoir*  hf  puhllshod  tn  connexion  with  Dr.  Parish  In  1811 . — En. 


m 


f ' 


1 


i  j 

i 


)M2 


MlTBBS  SHLATUfO  fO  THS  SIX  SATIOKS- 


associates)  in  learning  the  Language  of  such  Tribes,  as  thej  may  likely  serve,  as  Missionaries  & 
School  Masters,  when  they  have  compleated  their  Learning.  The  Disposal  of  them  is  now  submitted 
to  your  Wisdom,  and  Prudence.  M'  Kirtland  teems  inclined  to  take  MoCluer  to  Onoyada  witli  him  ; 
But  whether  the  learning  of  that  Language  will  be  of  such  Consequence  as  that  it  will  be  worth  his 
spending  his  Time  for  it,  Your  Excellency  is  best  able  to  judge. 

I  have  thought  it  might  \m  best  lor  Joseph  Johnson,  who  is  a  Mohegan,'  and  is  too  young  to  have 
the  government  of  a  school,  to  be  employed,  as  an  Usher  under  David  Fowler,  whose  school,  I  under- 
itand,  will  likely  ht  h!g  eiunigh  for  two  masters. 

Jacob*  who  is  Brother  to  David,  and  tho'  but  16.  years  old,  I  apprehend  is  endowed  with  Prudence 
&  Discretion  sufficient  to  conduct  (and  is  well  accomplished  to  instruct)  a  School. 

I  would  also  propose  to  your  Excellency  Whether  it  will  be  best  for  Hezekiah  [Calvin]  to  take 
the  School  which  Joseph  Woolley  left  at  Onohoquagee,  as  I  hear  M'  Brown  determines  to  defeat  bis 
Design  of  settling  at  Fort  Hunter. 

But  I  need  not  be  particular  as  the  Bearers  are  fully  knowing  to  whatever  I  should  otherwise  have 
need  tu  inform  you  of;  in  this  affair.  And  also  as  tlie  Rev<i  M'  Pomeroy  &  my  son,  are  appointed 
(and  yesterday  sat  out  via  New-York)  to  wait  upon  you  for  your  advice  respecting  the  place  to  fix 
upon,  and  build  for  this  School.  They  will  also  be  able  to  acquaint  you  with  the  favourable  Recep- 
tion, Mess'*  Whittaker  &  Occum,  &  the  Design  they  Recommend,  meet  with  at  Home ;  and  the 
Prospect  I  have  of  any  Favour  I  can  reasonably  desire  from  the  Board  of  Trade,  if  only  tlie  Place 
for  the  School  was  once  determined,  and  as  I  would  act  in  every  step  agreable  to  your  mind,  fur  I 
apprehend  you  are  able  above  any  man  in  this  Land  to  serve  the  grand  Design  in  view.  What  seems 
to  be  wanting  at  Home,  at  present,  is  only  to  know  the  place  to  fix  it.  And  I  purpose  to  mention 
several,  with  such  Recommendations,  Incouragements  &c  as  shall  be  respectively  given  them,  and 
leave  it  with  Gentlemen  at  Home  to  determine  which  of  the  number  it  shall  be. 

You  will  please  to  weigh  the  Arguments  offerd  by  M""  C.  J.  Smith  to  carry  it  into  the  Southern 
Governments,  a  rough  Draft  of  which  I  have  sent  by  my  son. 

William  (Major  as  we  call  him  for  distinction  sake)  is  a  very  good  Genius,  and  capable  of  making 
a  very  likely  man ;  but  his  Pride  and  the  Violence  of  his  Temper  have  sometimes  rendered  him 
troublesome ;  and  obliged  me  to  use  severity  with  him,  of  which  my  son  can  inform  you  perhaps 
8  Line  or  Message  from  You  might  be  of  Special  service  to  him.  I  ordered  him  to  write  a  lew  lines 
(which  I  inclose)  as  a  Specimen  He  complained,  and  you  will  see,  not  without  Reason,  that  his  Ink 
was  bad.  I  am  heartily  sorry  to  add  to  the  great  weight  of  Care,  &  Crowd  of  Business  you  are 
continually  in ;  and  rely  only  upon  your  Goodness  and  the  nature  and  importance  of  the  things  I 
write,  for  Pardon,  for  this  Trouble.  That  God  may  restore  your  Healtii,  Support  you  under  all 
your  Labours,  and  long  lengthen  out  your  important  life,  is  the  earnest  Prayer  of  him  who  begs 
leave  to  subscribe,  with  most  Sincere  Duty  and  Esteem. 

Your  Excellency's  Obedient  and  very  Humble  Servant 

Sir  William  Johnson  Baron^.  Eleazar  Wbeelock. 

1  JoiEPB  JoiiNsos  was  born  near  Norwich  about  the  year  1750.  His  Tather  served  near  Lalie  George  in  1767.  At  the 
•ge  of  16,  Joseph  bccarao  a  schoolmaster  as  above  stated,  and  Wfts  so  employed  for  two  years.  He  fell  off,  however,  from 
tbii  life  of  regularity  afterwards,  and  went  on  a  whaling  voyage.  Returning  in  1771,  he  fell  sick  at  his  native  place,  which 
circumstance  had  such  an  effect  on  him,  that  he  liecame  quite  religions.  He  was  afterwards  licensed  to  preach  among  the  Six . 
Nations,  and  was  very  faithful  to  the  American  cause  during  the  revolution.  It  is  said  that  he  was  not  inferior  to  Samson 
Occum  as  a  Preacher.    Allen.    See  also  Wheelock'$  Narrative,  1775 

2  Jacob  Fowlee,  a  Montauk  Indian  was  born  in  1750.  He  was  approved  as  a  Teacher  in  1765,  and  taught  for  several  years 
after  among  the  Six  Nations  and  N.  E.  tribes.  Things,  however,  did  not  go  well  with  him,  and  In  1774,  he  returned  as  a 
teacher  to  Dr.  Wheelock's  School,  where  he  prepared  himself  for  holy  orders,  previous  to  moving  into  the  Oneida  country 
with  Sampmn  Occnm.    Wriilock 


I    'i 


PArEM   RBLATINS  TO  THE  SIX   NATIOMS. 


vm 


REV.  MR  BROWN  TO  SIR  W»»  JOHNSON. 

Albany  Sep  ISUi  1766. 

S'  I  Iiave  the  Honour  of  y**  of  the  lO"*  Instant  p'  master  Peter,  wherein  I  find  no  particular 
Instructions  in  Regard  to  his  schooling,  conclude  therefore  that  you  leave  him  to  nie  on  that  Head. 
Depend  on  it  I  shall  take  the  same  caro  of  him  in  every  Respect  as  my  own  Child.  I  shall  be  pre- 
pared to  meet  his  Excellency  yi°8elf  &  the  rest  of  the  Fraternity  on  the  earliest  notice.  My  Dis- 
course  to  my-  Indian  Children  shall  be  short,  but  how  sweet  I  must  leave  to  y'  better  Judgment.  I 
shall  obey  y  other  commands  by  inviting  four  or  five  the  most  decent  of  our  Brethren  to  meet  his 
Excellency  on  tliat  Solemn  occasion. 

I  remain  S' with  the  utmost  Respect  y  most  obliged  Hum  Serv* 

S»  W»  Johnson.  T.  Brown. 


m 


REVD  MR  CHAMBERLAIN  TO  THE  REV.  MR  BROWN. 

Onowadagegh  Oct.  10  A.  D.  1766. 
Rev'  Sir  Though  my  being  a  Stranger  to  you  might  free  me  from  many  offices  which  might  be 
expected  from  a  youth  bound  to  you  by  many  acts  of  your  kindness  yet  I  cant  neijlect  writing  to  you 
on  a  late  occurrence  without  violating  the  Bonds  of  simple  Humanity  which  bind  equally  tlie  most 
remote  Acquaintance  and  the  most  intimate  Friends.  A  Report  has  been  lately  handed  about  here 
that  you  Rev<'  Sir  at  the  late  Meeting  at  Jolinson  Hall  chiistend  serveral  children  in  the  Presence 
of  his  Honour  the  Governor  the  honourable  Sir  W">  Johnson  many  other  Gentlemen  and  a  Number 
of  Indians  of  several  Tribes  who  had  been  before  christened  by  Missionaries  of  the  presbyterian 
order.  I  acknowledge  Rev^  Sir  that  tlie  Fact  mention'd  in  tlieir  Report  is  too  notoriously  coiiterary 
to  tlie  Practices  of  Cliristians  of  every  Denomination  to  guin  Credit  amongst  any  but  Indians  and 
the  most  ignorant  and  crudilous  Part  of  tlie  wliite  People,  confident  therefore  that  tliis  Report  is 
intirely  Groundless  I  have  thought  it  imprudent  to  apply  to  any  Gentleman  to  have  it  refuted  but  to 
yourself  who  will  I  doubt  not  readily  give  so  full  and  ample  Refutations  of  it  from  under  your  own 
Hand  tl\at  I  may  for  the  Futer  be  able  to  put  to  shame  all  who  would  thereby  asperse  your  character 
or  bring  into  Contempt  and  Neglect  amongst  tliese  ignorant  Heathen  the  whole  christian  system. 
It  was  my  advice  from  several  presbiterian  Ministers  and  from  all  whom  I  convers*!  with  on  the 
subject  that  twas  best  as  much  as  possible  to  keep  from  tiie  minds  of  the  Indians  every  Notion  of 
any  Difference  or  Distinction  amongst  prodestant  Christians.  To  this  I  have  always  been  despos^  and 
have  therefore  been  ever  ready  to  stand  by  a  silent  Spectator  and  Auditor  of  what  ever  any  Gentle* 
man  of  the  standing  church  chlergey  have  desired  to  act  or  speak  in  any  of  the  Places  where  my 
commission  under  the  hon*"'*  Scots  Society  has  impowered  me  to  officiate.  The  Prudence  of  tliis 
Measure  the  Advantage  it  gives  to  tlie  common  cause  of  Christianety  and  its  utility  to  the  Nation 
so  far  as  we  consider  the  natinal  Interest  as  connected  with  the  scheme  christinising  the  Heatlien 
in  these  Parts  must  appear  to  every  considerate  Person  upon  the  least  Reflection  but  if  tlie  foremen- 
tiond  Report  obtains  we  are  obviously  under  a  Necessity  either  to  leave  the  Indians  intirely  or  else 
to  give  a  satisfactory  Reason  for  such  a  Piece  of  unheard  of  Conduct.  The  first  of  these  Sir  you  may 
readily  suppose  we  shall  not  do  before  we  see  the  Indians  all  suppli<i  with  Ministers  of  some 
Vol.  IV.  30 


II; 


234 


PAPIRS    RKLATING  TO  THE   BIZ    NATIONS. 


f 


I!'     ■ 


11 

H 1 

;■         j     ' 

II 

i  i  i 

1  ' ' 

if-  "li 

i  •  i  i 

■  !   f 


Prodistant  Persuation  who  will  reside  amungst  them  to  instruct  currect  and  persuade  them  and  to 
set  tiiem  Examples  of  such  christian  conduct  as  I  trust  all  christians  would  rejoice  to  see  prevail 
amongst  mankind  and  to  expect  this  from  tlie  church  clargey  who  are  so  scarce  in  these  Parts  is 
childish  unless  then  you  will  amply  refute  the  Report  of  your  having  rebaptisd  Children  we  are 
neoessatated  to  give  a  Reason  for  such  Bisbaptisms  and  this  we  cannot  do  without  entering  into 
a  Distinction  wliich  we  desire  never  to  mention  here  and  which  would  to  God  there  liad  never 
been  occasion  for.  You  may  depend  upon  it  Sir  that  I  am  disposd  to  treat  every  man  in  a 
christian  Manner  who  act  like  a  Christian  and  to  use  them  with  all  that  Deference  and  Respect 
whicii  either  their  Age  or  Carracter  or  any  Distinction  can  claim  from  me  and  shall  therefore  be 
entirely  silent  about  the  above  Report  till  I  see  whether  an  Answer  to  my  Request  is  to  be  expected 
from  you  and  after  that  shall  endeaver  to  act  in  a  Manner  most  consistant  with  the  same  Principals. 
The  affair  has  given  some  luieasiness  both  to  Rev*>  M'  Kirtland  and  myself  and  in  Case  you  tliiuk 
this  unworthy  an  Answer  we  shall  doubtless  apply  to  some  Gentleman  who  was  present  and  will 
freely  give  us  that  satisfaction  whicli  I  at  present  hope  to  obtain  from  you  and  by  wliicli  shall  he 
able  to  satisfy  M'  Kirtland  and  to  put  a  stop  to  a  Rumor  so  abusive  and  uncommon.  In  hopes  of 
this  I  rest  for  the  Present  and  beg  Leave  to  subscribe  myself 

Rev^  &  Worthy  Sir  Your  Humble  Servant 
To  Rev'  M'  Brown.  -  Theophilus  Chamberlain. 

*,*  Thbopbilos  CnAHBBBLAiH  wM  Ordained  at  Lebanon,  on  24  April,  1765,  and  set  out  on  the  10th  June  following  for 
the  country  of  the  Six  Nations.  He  established  several  schools  among  the  Mohawks,  visited  the  Oneydas,  made  a  tour 
among  the  Onondagas,  and  preached  to  them.  He  returned  to  Lebanon  in  October,  accompanied  by  two  Oneida  youths  to 
be  placed  nnder  Dr.  Wheelock's  charge.  He  returned  again  the  following  year  to  the  Mohawk  country,  as  appears  by  tlia 
above,  and  a  subsequent  letter. — En.  • 


CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

Schenectady  Dec  4U>  176C. 
Hon"!  Sir  After  rendring  you  our  sincere  thanks  for  the  tender  regard  you  expressed  for  our 
Church,  in  your  favour  to  the  Rev*  M'  Auchmuthy,  we  would  acquaint  you  that  Mr.  Lyne — when 
in  New  York  waited  on  his  Excellency  to  know  the  result  of  our  petition,  and  we  have  the  pleasure 
of  hearing  that  it  was  laid  before  the  Council  where  it  met  with  a  favourable  reception,  agreeable  to 
which  tlie  Charter  will  shortly  be  sent  up  with  his  Excellencies  subscription  money  and  C'lurrh 
furniture.  Mr  Lyne  has  also  procured  a  Clerk  to  officiate  in  the  Church,  who  we  are  persuaded 
will  answer  the  Character  given  him  by  several  Gentlemen  of  Credit  in  Now  York.  We  conclude 
with  craving  a  continuance  of  your  protection  of  our  Church  and  its  Liberties,  and  subscribe  ourselves 

Hon<>  Sir  Your  most  Ob*  &  Hum:  Servants 
,  J  W  Brown 

RiCHD  CULLEN 

Stephen  Dudley. 
Charles  Dogal 
Matthew  Lyne. 


PAPEM    RtLATINO   TO  THE  BIX   ^-ATI0^8. 


336 


^:< 


REVD  MR  CHAMBERLAIN  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

Conajohare  29»i'  Dec^'  1766. 
Mny  it  please  your  Honour 

I  but  lately  received  your  Honours  Letter  of  the  8>i'  instant,  am  sorry  tho  iiave  been  the  occasion 
of  so  much  Trouble  to  your  Honour  whose  Indulgence  and  Condesoention  I  have  so  often  experi- 
enced, and  stand  corrected  with  Pleasure. 

I  am  surprised  that  the  Rev'  Brown  should  suspect  that  by  privatly  informing  hira  of  what  he 
was  said  to  have  done  I  intended  to  intimate  tlie  misconduct  of  tliose  in  whose  Presence  it  was  said 
he  did  it.  I  never  doubted  may  it  please  your  Hon'  but  that  his  Exelency  the  Qovenor  had  a  Right 
to  ask  and  obtain  M''  Browns  assistance  in  Conferring  his  Name  upon  whome  he  pleasd  and  this 
without  transgressing  the  strictest  Rules  of  Christianity,  and  was  far  from  thinking  that  his  Exe- 
lency or  any  Gentleman  in  the  Civil  Oovernmtat  would  interpose  his  authority  with  a  clergyman 
to  oblige  him  to  rebaptize  Children  because  they  were  first  baptized  by  ministers  of  another  Denomi- 
nation. Nor  was  I  may  it  please  your  Hon*  suspicious  that  the  Gentlemen  of  the  establishd  Church 
Clergy  gave  tliemselves  or  otiiers  too  much  Trouble  to  bring  into  Disrepute  other  religious  Persua- 
sions. I  treated  this  Report  or  at  least  aimd  to  like  what  was  false  and  only  wrote  M'  Bi-own  for  his 
authority  to  sny  it  was  false.  I  gave  a  greater  Latitude  to  some  Expressions  than  I  should  otherwise 
that  M'  Brown  might  give  me  a  direct  answer  which  would  stop  tlie  mouths  of  tliose  who  can  see 
nothing  significant  in  arguing  what  men  will  do  from  their  Character — ^but  never  once  supposed  the 
fiev<i  Gentleman  would  make  so  great  an  atfair  of  It  as  to  have  me  answerd  as  he  has  in  a  manner 
which  gives  me  the  greatest  Pain.  I  mentiond  the  Presence  of  his  Exelency  the  Govenor,  the 
Honi'i*  Sir  William  Johnson  and  other  Gentlemen  and  the  Indians  with  no  other  view  than  to  give 
tlie  Report  the  airs  with  which  I  several  Times  heard  it  told  not  suspecting  that  the  Letter  would  be 
proposed  to  any  one  as  what  was  designed  to  fault  the  conduct  of  my  Rulers,  for  to  this  I  dont  give 
myself  a  License  in  any  case  but  especially  should  not  with  your  Honour  to  whom  I  am  so  much 
indebted  must  therefore  may  it  please  your  Honour  beg  the  continuance  of  your  Honour)  favours 
to  be  without  which  will  be  itself  a  mark  of  ungratfull  and  will  soon  render  me  intirrely  useless. 
In  hopes  to  obtain  this  I  conclud  and  beg  Leave  to  subscribe  myself 

May  it  Please  your  Honour  your  Hon"  most  obediant  humble  servant 

Theophlus  Chamberlain. 


^;4 

e 


REV.  MR.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON.  , 

S*  The  Bearers  hereof  are  going  up  the  Mohawk  River  to  try  to  collect  money  to  finish  oflF  s 
Church  at  Great-Barrington,  where  they  have  suffer'd  every  Hardship  from  the  Presbaterian  Party; 
And  designing  to  call  at  y  House  I  have  taken  the  Liberty  of  requesting  y  advice.  They  beg  of  me 
to  return  with  them  to  Barrington  for  a  Sunday,  but  as  my  Duty  call's  me  to  the  Mohawks  cannot 
think  of  going  without  your  consent.  A  Line  from  you  will  Determine  the  Case.  I  hope  you  will 
not  let  y  Fondness  for  master  Peter  keep  him  too  long  from  his  Studies  as  a  misapplication  of  his 
Time  will  make  him  forget  what  he  lias  leai*nt.    1  am  S'  with  Respect  y  most  obedient  Servant 

Albany  Jan  30«'«  1767.  T:  Brown. 

If  I  do  not  go  to  Barringtoti  a  number  of  Brother's  propose  paying  you  a  Visit  on  Saturday. 
To  Hon»'i«  S«f  W™  Johnson. 


\'\ 


I 


ll.l 


11  'i  ! 

W*    ■ 


I 

i 


!  : 


fArUM  BBLATIKa  TO  THE  SIX   HATtOllS. 


.  ■  K,  ■ 


■  :f<-.; 


BEVD.  MR.  HANNA  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

'  Schenectady  May  29«i».  1767. 

Honorable  Sir,  The  many  Favonrs  I  have  received  at  year  Hand,  lay  me  under  Indispenslble 
Obligations  to  acknowledge  your  Generosity  ;  k  acquaint  yon  that  as  it  is  not  in  my  Power  to  return 
them  in  this  Life  :  Yon  are  therefore  to  look  fur  your  Reward  where  the  most  of  Good  Benifectors 
have  done  before  you,  viz  in  Heaven  ;  But  can  assure  you,  that  !  benr  a  sincere  &  gratelhl  Sense  of 
your  Kinnesses  in  my  Breast  &  shall  never  forget  them  while  I  am  mindfnl  of  myself:  particularly 
your  last  Letter  to  the  Governor  in  my  Favour  which  was  of  Singular  Service  to  me. 

Sir,  Since  my  Return  from  your  House,  I  have  attended  close  at  M'.  Silvesters  Office,  to  acquaint 
myself  with  the  Formalities  &  proceedings  of  the  Court,  have  got  my  Licence,  &  qualiHed  last  Tues- 
day, am  come  to  Schenectady,  with  a  Design  to  settle  :  8l  should  be  glad  to  have  it  in  my  Power 
to  serve  you  or  any  of  your  Friends,  all  from 

Honorable  Sir  your  most  hnm>*.  k  ob«*i.  serv>. 

WiLLUM  HaNNA' 


MR.  JOHN  AR60,  SECT  TO  THE  MORAVIANS,  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Bethlehem  the  6*^  Jannar.  1768. 

Sir  The  high  and  important  Station  in  which  the  Providence  of  GOD  and  our  Gracious  Sovereign 
have  placed  You,  together  with  Your  well  known  benevolent  Disposition  towards  the  Indians  in 
general,  occasions  my  Addressing  Yuur  Excellency  at  this  Time. 

I  presume  Your  Excellency  cannot  be  unacquainted  with  the  Missions  and  Labours  of  the 
Brethren,  begun  and  hitherto  subsisting  for  upwards  of  Twenty  five  Years  amongst  the  Northern 
Indians,  and  that  their  Zeal,  in  bringing  many  of  them  to  the  Knowledge  of  GOD  our  Saviour  Jesus 
Christ,  has  been  crown'd  with  great  Success.  True  it  is,  the  Troubles  and  Calamities  attending  the 
late  Indian  War,  in  which  the  Missionaries  and  their  Converts  met  with  such  a  Variety  of  Distress, 
Vicissitudes  and  Interruption  in  their  Labours,  as  even  threatened  their  total  Extirpation  ;  Yet  it  has 
nevertheless  pleased  the  Almiglity  GOD  in  his  great  Goodness,  after  very  many  of  them  had  departed 
this  Life  in  Faith  and  Love  to  Jesus  Christ,  still  to  preserve  a  Remnant  of  them,  who  now  live  together 

1  Rev.  WiLiiAH  Hanka,  the  first  Pregbyterlan  clergyman  at  Albany,  was  cdncatcd  at  the  Revd.  Dr.  Finley's  Academy  at 
Nottingham  in  Maryland ;  he  next  was  assistant  at  Rev.  Dr.  Robert  Smith's  School  at  Fequca,  Pennsylvania,  and  graduated 
at  Princetown  College.  In  1760  he  received  the  degree  of  A.  B.  from  Kings  College,  New  York,  and  that  of  Master  of  Arts, 
in  176&,  from  the  same  institution.  He  was  licensed  to  preach  by  the  Litchfield  Presbytery,  Connecticut,  28  May,  1760.  He 
became  pastor  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  organised  for  the  first  time  in  Albany  in  1762,  of  which  congregation  he  continued 
pastor  for  the  space  of  about  five  years.  But  "  having  taken  a  civil  commission  A'om  the  governor,"  and  "  as  it  was  not 
customary  for  any  member  of  tho  church  to  which  he  belonged  to  bear  a  civil  office,"  the  congregation  requested  his  Dismis- 
alon,  which  followed  accordingly.  It  seems  that  he  next  moved  to  Schenectady,  after  having  studied  law  with  Mr. 
Silvester  of  Albany,  and  was  admitted  to  practice,  as  appears  above,  in  May  1767.  But  his  success  at  the  bar  was  not  com- 
mensurate with  his  expectations,  and  in  1771  he  expressed  a  desire  to  be  admitted  to  orders  in  the  Church  of  England.  The 
clergy  of  New  York,  for  reasons  to  be  fonnd  in  Dr.  Auchmnty's  letter  (poit)  of  the  11th  Jnne  1771,  thought  it  would  not  do 
for  them  to  recommend  him  for  ordination,  but  suggested  his  application  to  Lord  Baltimore.  He  thereupon  proceeded  to 
Maryland,  and  having  been  Ajmlsfaed  with  letters  to  Col.  Wasliington  and  other  leading  gentlemen  of  Virginia,  he  went  next  to 
the  latter  Coiony.  His  reception,  here,  waa  so  fltvorable  that  ho,  forthwith,  sailed  for  England,  where  the  Bishc^  of  London 
conferred  orders  od  bin,  14  Jam  1772.'— Ep 


VAPEM   KELATIRC   TO  THE  SIX   NATIOKS. 

Iq  brotherly  Love  at  Wiealusing  oii  the  Su^iuehannah  possessing  the  same  Miud  with  Us  to  lead  a 
peaceable  and  quiet  Life  in  all  Godliness  &  Honesty  under  the  British  Qoverninent. 

This  Infant  Indian  Settlement,  which  we  now  have  the  Pleasure  of  seeing  in  a  prosperous  Situation, 
We  beg  Leave  to  recommend  with  our  Missionaries,  to  Your  Excellency's  Kind  Notice  and 
Protection. 

In  tills  View  I  have  the  Pleasure  of  transmitting  to  Your  Excellency  the  Greenland  History  in  2 
Vol*,  wrote  by  David  Cranz  one  of  our  Brethren ;  which  we  beg  Your  kind  Acceptance  of.  The  first 
Vol :  Containing  a  Description  of  the.  Country  and  the  natural  Curiosities  of  tliat  cold  Climate,  I  flatter 
myself,  may  not  prove  Unentertaining  and  t)ie  second,  I  imagine  will  convey  to  Your  Excellency  the 
truest  and  best  Idea  of  tlie  Brathreus  Method  of  prop>igatlng  the  Gospel  amongst  the  Savage  Nations. 

For  this  Purpose  also  this  History  has  been  presented  to  their  Mi^esties  tlie  King  and  Queen,  the 
Ministers  of  State,  Bishops  &  Board  of  Trade  &o.  &o. 

In  Behalf  of  the  Members  of  the  Brethren's  Society  for  thm  Furtherance  of  the  Gospel  amongst 
the  Heathen  I  have  the  Honour  to  subscribe  myself 

Your  Excellency's  most  obed^  Humble  Servant 
(^  *  ,^      ,  John  Arbo,  Secretary. 


SEC.  OF  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  PROP.  THE  GOSPEL  TO  SIR  W"  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  It  is  a  great  satisfaction  to  the  society  to  be  informed, 'that  you  perfectly  approve  their 
resolutions,  with  regard  to  Indian  Missionaries,  &  Catechists,  &  are  very  desirous  of  seeing  some 
part  of  the  scheme  carried  immediately  into  execution.  This  is  a  point  we  have  constantly  kept  our 
attention  upon  ;  and  are  truly  sorry  tliat  we  have  not  yet  been  able  to  engage  any  proper  person  to 
undertake  that  employment.  We  had  good  hope  that  some  of  tlie  more  approved  &  experienced 
among  the  Clergy  in  your  parts,  who  from  their  knowledge  of  the  Indians,  &  their  acquaintance 
in  the  neighbourhood,  &  especially  from  that  countenance  which  you  would  naturally  give  them, 
might  become  likely  to  have  the  best  Success,  would  not  have  been  unwilling  to  have  taken  this 
appointment ;  especially  when  they  had  some  kind  of  as!>urance  that  a  larger  salary  than  usual 
would  have  been  allowed  on  such  an  occasion  D'  Auchmiity  tells  me,  that  he  has  done  every  thing 
in  his  power  to  forward  our  Scheme,  but  without  success.  "  Perhaps,  says  he  because  the  Clergy 
do  "not  care  to  leave  a  certainty  for  an  uncertainty."  We  tliei-efore  desire  you  to  inform  us,  what 
you  think  would  be  a  proper  allowance  to  olfer  to  a  Miss'y  for  this  department :  The  Society  are 
ready  to  concur  to  the  utmost  extent  of  their  abilities  to  carry  on  so  beneficial  a  design ;  tho' 
indeed  their  income  is  far  too  scanty  of  itself  alone  &  without  some  good  assistance  to  forward  it  in 
the  manner  they  wish.     I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  most  perfect  esteem  &  respect. 

Your  most  Obed»  humble  Servant 

Abingdon  Street  Westminster  Feb'"  !•»  1768.  D.  Burton.' 

1  Rev.  Dahiil  Burton,  D.  D.,  chancellor  of  the  diocese  of  Oxford  and  Rector  of  St.  Peter's  Poor,  London,  was  for  many 
years  Secretary  to  Dr.  Seeker,  Archb.  of  Canterbury,  to  whose  will  ho  was  also  executor,  lie  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of 
Canon  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  on  24th  June,  1700,  and  in  17C1  succeeded  Dr.  Bearcroft  os  Secretary  to  the  Society  for 
propagating  the  gospel,  which  office  he  held  until  1773,  when  he,  in  his  turn,  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Richard  Hind. 
Harriot  Burton,  his  only  daughter,  married  (Aug.  15,  1778,)  the  Hon.  John,  afterwards  Lord,  Trevor,  Minister  plenipoten- 
tiary to  the  diet  at  Ratisbon,  in  1780,  and  to  the  court  of  Sardinia  in  1788.  This  nobleman  dying  (1821)  without  issue,  the  title 
Is  now  extinct.  Dr.  Burton  died  on  the  2Sd  April,  1776.  He  had  the  character  of  a  very  pious,  sensible,  diligent,  careful 
and  disinterested  man. — Es. 


V 


2S6 


PAPSM   RKLATIMO   TO  THE  SIX    NATIOA8. 


CORPORATION  OF  ALBANY  TO  THE  REV.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 


•Ux> 


,!■*.*«; 


I> 


""*'-''"'*  f    '  '    '"'    Albany,  March  21"  1768. 

Reverend  Sir,  Since  the  Letter  which  the  Mayor  did  Please  to  write  you,  our  annul  Election 
fur  the  Aldermen  and  Assistants  to  serve  in  this  Corporation  having  taken  place  and  some  other 
adventitious  Circumstances  Intervening  have  Concurred  to  delay  our  answer  to  your  f'uvonr  of  the 
27«'«  Angust  last,  these  being  now  happily  removed  we  Embrace  this  oppertunity  to  answer  your 
Letter  It  gives  us  much  pleasure  to  find  that  you  think  our  proposals  in  several  respects  Inviteing 
and  Generous;*  you  will  do  justice  to  our  Sentiments,  if  you  also  believe  that  we  wish  to  liave  it  in 
our  Power  to  do  more  and  if  we  would  chearftilly  Give  every  assistance  that  the  projector  and 
Patrons  of  this  Scheme  liave  a  riglit  to  require  from  every  Person  Impressed  (as  we  are)  with  its 
utility  and  Pliilanthropy,  your  declining  to  fix  on  any  particular  place  for  tlie  School  without  the 
Previous  knowledge  and  approbation  of  Lord  Dartmouth  and  the  other  wortiiy  Persons  tliiit  have 
countenanced  the  plan  and  promoted  Its  success  at  home  by  procuring  such  Cunsidernble  ddiiutions 
lor  its  Establishment  gives  us  at  once  a  Strikeing  Instance  of  your  modesty,  and  a  liigli  Idiea  of  your 
Prudence  in  paying  such  strict  attention  to  avoid  Every  step  that  might  tend  to  Prejudice  tliis  Insti- 
tution— Which  in  its  progress  may  do  honor  to  the  age  In  which  it  has  taken  rise  and  reflect  lustre 
on  you  as  the  first  Promoter,  Permitt  us  to  thank  you  Sir,  for  liaving  transmitted  liome  Copys  of  our 
Letters  and  of  those  that  were  Written  you  on  this  subject  from  New  York  the  Gentlemen  that  did  us 
the  honor  to  write  them  are  all  of  distinguislied  Cliaructers  Emminent  fur  Cherisliing  and  Cultivating 
the  Social  Virtues  tlieir  Circumstances  and  situation  in  life  siicli  as  sets  them  above  tiie  suspicion  of 
sinister  or  selfish  view  s,  and  the  many  oppertunitys  they  have  had  of  being  acquainted  witli  our  moral 
Character  from  the  Frequent  Intercourse  with  us  Which  tlieir  profession  Necessarly  engnges  tliem  in 
Constitutes  them  very  Computent  Judges  of  it  can  it  tlien  be  reasonable  to  suppose  tliut  Gentlemen 
of  such  as  they  are,  sliould  so  far  ibrget  the  duty  they  owe  to  tliemselves  and  to  society  as  warmly 
to  recommend  the  fixing  of  a  Seminary  (In  which  it  will  be  necessary  to  Incultivate  virtue  and 
morallity  as  much  If  not  more  by  example  than  Precept)  In  the  midst  of  a  People  of  a  reputed 
Immoral  Character  such  a  supposition  would  be  altogether  absurd  and  we  should  think  ourselves 
Justii^'ed  in  resting  on  their  Recommendation  only  as  a  sufhcient  vindication  of  our  Character  against 
the  uncharitable  and  unjust  anamadversioiis  of  designing  men  but  duty  and  the  Justice  we  owe  to 
our  Constituents  obliges  us  to  declare  that  the  Present  Majestracey  of  this  Place  in  pursuit  of  the 
principals  laid  down  by  their  predessessors  make  it  the  first  object  of  their  attention  to  Inspire  their 
Constituents  with  the  Loue  of  Virtue  and  the  abliorreuce  of  vice  to  tliis  end  they  discourage  whatever 
may  tend  to  Corrupt  the  manners  or  debauch  the  morals  of  tiie  people  whilst  at  the  same  time 
Encouragement  is  given  to  every  Plan  Cultivated  for  their  Jiappiiiess  actuated  by  these  principals 
we  readi'y  embraced  youi-s  and  rejoiced  in  the  fair  Prospect  tliat  such  an  Establishment  amongst 
us  Promised  additional  oppertunitys  of  advanceing  the  Education  of  our  youth  all  what  we  ardently 
wish  and  therefore  what  we  Could  Give  we  offered  with  the  utmost  Good  will,  if  our  Good  Intentions 
already  are  or  sliould  be  prustrated  I)y  tlic  selfish  views  of  designing  persons  we  shall  be  Equally 
sorry  on  our  own  account  as  on  theirs  whom  they  deceive  Haveing  been  already  explicet  in  our  former 
letters  on  the  advantages  that  the  scliool  would  reap  by  being  in  tJie  vicinity  of  the  City  we  shall  be 
silent  on  tliat  head  and  make  only  remark  to  obviate  the  difficulty  you  mention  on  account  of  a 

1  The  Corporation  had  offered  to  give  two  thousand  three  hundred  pounds  to  Dr.  Wheelock,  on  condition  that  he  would 
remove  hi*  Institution  from  Lebanon  to  Albany. — £0. 


'!!    I 


PAPBM   HELATINO  TO  THK  IIX   NATIONS. 

supposed  want  of  opportunltys  to  Instruct  the  Indian  Children  In  Agriculture  and  tlie  MHnuel 
Arts  that  the  Imnmilate  Environs  of  this  City  are  Inhubiteil  by  farmers  wIkjiu  if  wc  nmy  l)e  allowed 
to  Judge  of  ttieir  sliiil  Industry  and  Occononiy  from  the  affluence  of  their  Circumstances  acquired 
only  by  Husl>audry,  we  sliall  not  liesitate  to  ranlc  them  in  the  flrst  class  of  liusbaadmen  and  as  these 
Cliildren  will  not  require  to  be  taught  any  otlier  manual  arts  tlien  such  as  will  serve  towards  pro- 
cureing  the  immediate  necessarys  and  more  Simple  Conveniencies  of  life  these  too  may  both  he 
obtained  in  this  City.  We  could  have  wished  that  your  son  and  the  Reverend  M'  Poniory  hud 
Communicated  to  us  the  Intention  of  their  Journey  when  tliey  were  here  at  tiie  time  you  mentiuu 
they  would  have  had  no  reason  to  Complain  of  any  Coldness  in  us  nor  indeed  can  we  he  Churgtid 
with  any  as  we  do  not  know  tiiat  those  Gentlemen  were  ever  liero  otiierwise  tlien  by  your  Letter. 

We  tliank  you  Sir  for  those  sentiments  of  good  will  that  you  Express  to  Entertain  for  us  we  liope 
you  will  have  no  occasion  to  Ciiange  tiiem  and  we  sliould  be  liappy  to  have  you  in  tliis  Neighberliood 
that  you  might  experience  repeated  Instances  of  our's  towards  you. 

We  have  read  your  publislied  account  of  the  School  since  its  beginning  it  has  confirmed  our 
opinion  that  your  whole  Conduct  has  been  with  a  view  to  Promote  religion  and  the  liappiness  of 
mankind  may  God  In  whose  holy  worsliip  you  are  attempting  to  instruct  tlie  uninformed  Savages 
Crown  all  your  endeavors  with  success  and  Give  you  to  see  the  accomplishment  of  your  Good  work 
and  when  it  shall  Please  him  as  the  supreame  disposer  of  all  things  may  you  depart  lience  in  his  peace 

We  are  Reverend  Sir  &c. 


,y 


^ 


.11 


REV.  MR.  WIIEELOCK  TO  THE  CORPORATION  OF  ALBANY. 

Lebanon  8»h  April  17C8. 
Wrpfulandhon'J  Sirs 

Yours  of  March  O'**  Came  Safe  to  hand  two  days,  ago,  in  which  I  observe  and  gratefully  acknow- 
ledge the  unmerited  expressions  of  your  benevolence  and  respects  towards  me  and  your  truely 
generous  dispositions  towards  this  rising  Institution.  I  awi  sorry  tliut  my  unguarded  manner  of 
expressing  myself  in  a  former  letter  respecting  tlie  objection  so  often  made  against  fixing  my  scliool 
in  the  vicinity  of  your  City  (viz  tlie  bad  morals  of  the  place)  was  received  in  any  other  light  than 
was  simply  and  honestly  intended :  my  design  avus  only  to  ad v ire  you,  that  such  an  objection  had 
been  frequently  and  strongly  urged  ;  and  to  Give  you  an  oppo  tunity  to  obviate  the  same's  being 
further  improved  to  the  disadvantage  of  tlie  design  proposed  I  had  not  the  least  intention  or  disposi- 
tion to  reflect  upon  your  City,  or  so  much  as  express  my  ow  n  sentiments  respecting  that  matter ; 
however  tlie  earless  and  ungaurded  manner  of  my  expression,  naturally  lead  you  to  conceive,  that 
which  was  very  different  from  tliat  entire  fi'iendship  wliich  wolly  Governed  me  in  that  matter,  and 
which  was  so  fur  from  my  intention  that  I  never  had  a  tho't  or  the  least  jealousy  of  my  being  so 
understood,  till  I  was  informed  of  it  by  my  Son,  and  since  more  ftilly  by  M'  Smith  of  New  York, 
However  I  hope  that  matter  is  now  set  right,  and  that  you  will  Candidly  ascribe  it  to  that  Crow'd 
of  affairs,  which  obliges  me  relying  upon  the  goodness  of  those  to  whom  I  write,  often  to  dismiss 
even  Letters  of  importance,  without  such  a  review  as  I  should  otherwise  think  expedient. 

I  shaD  take  the  earliest  opportunity  to  transmit  your  letters,  to  the  Earl  of  Dartmouth  &c,  and 
also  Cap"  Lansing's  generous  proposal  at  Stoneroby. 

It  gives  me  sensible  pleasure  Gentlemen  that  your  sentiments  are  the  same  with  mine  as  to  the 
expediency  and  propriety  of  proceeding,  only  with  the  advice  and  approbation  of  the  Earl  of  Dart- 


m. 


ii 


S40 


VAWtMM  BELATIlie  TO  TNK  MX   VATIOIM. 


mouth,  and  the  other  Worthy  Gentlemen  of  the  Trust  at  home  respecting  the  Place  to  fix  thii 
School. 

I  am  Informed  that  some  overtures  are  making  to  invite  the  settlement  of  this  school  in  the 
Province  of  New  Hampshire  near  Coos. 

And  by  a  letter  firom  home,  I  understand,  that  Oen>  Lyman  is  using  his  endeavours  to  have  it 
carried  into  his  Government  on  the  Ohio, 

I  have  also  lately  heard  that  a  new  plan  is  forming  to  detain  it  in  this  Government— what  tliese 
proposals  will  ripen  to,  I  cannot  say,  and  how  Gentlemen  at  home  will  have  light  to  sutisfie  them,  or 
what  expedient  they  will  think  proper  to  obtain  light  sufficient  to  act  understandiogly  and  safely  in 
determining  the  important  point,  I  cant  tell,  I  desire  to  do  all  on  my  part  to  be  done,  and  submit 
it  to  and  wait  upon  the  Great  Governor  and  disposer  of  all  events  to  direct  and  determine  the  same 
according  to  his  own  holy  and  righteous  will. 

You  may  assure  yoiurselves  that  the  testimonials  you  have  given  me  of  your  friendship  are  not 

the  least  among  the  many  circumstances  which  would  render  the  prospect  of  such  a  situation 

agreeable  to  me  ;  as  I  am  with  much  esteem  &  respect 

Gentlemen  jrour  most  obedient 

and  very  humble  Servant 

The  W:pflil  the  Mayor  &  Aid"  >  -  ELXACoa  WmcKLocir. 

of  y»  City  of  Albany  J 


REVD  MR.  BARTON  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Worthy  Sir,  I  suppose,  before  now,  William  has  again  seen  his  Native  Soil,  &.  delivered  you  my 
last  Letter — I  had  such  Expectations  from  this  Lad,  that  I  am  sorry  I  could  not  prevail  upon  him 
to  stay  &  prosecute  his  Studies  a  little  longer;  but  he  got  so  uneasy  at  the  violent  Proceedings  in 
these  Parts,  that  he  apprehended  himself  in  Danger  indeed  no  Wonder! — Some  People  here  are 
grown  so  insolent  and  daring,  that  many  even  of  the  Inhabitants  themselves  seem  to  dread  the 
Consequences — The  Spirit  of  Violence  &  Outrage  flames  not  only  here,  but  throughout  several  of 
the  Colonies,  and  l>end8  its  Fury  at  present  against  the  Bishops  &  the  Church  of  England: — where 
it  will  end,  God  only  knows. 

Ever  since  the  Murder  of  the  Canestogo  Indians,  their  Plantation,  called  Indian  Town  of  Canestogo, 
has  lain  open  to  waste,  &  to  the  Use,  or  rather  Abuse  of  every  bold  Intruder — I  lately  made  some 
Enquiry  about  the  Indian  Deeds  relating  to  this  town,  which  I  once  saw  iu  the  Hands  of  somt 
Persons,  who  were  suspected  to  be  concerned'  in  the  Assassination  of  those  hapless  Wretches,  k 
had  the  Pleasure  to  be  informed  that  they  had  been  collected  by  Cap*  M<=Kee,  &  by  him  trans- 
mitted to  you. 

Now  I  humbly  request  the  Favour  of  you  to  permit  me  to  take  this  Plantation  under  my  Care, 
and  to  sow  one  of  the  clear  Fields  untlll  it  is  claimed  by,  &  wanted  for  the  Use  of  the  proper  Owners 
— I  ask  this  Favour  because  the  Land  is  convenient  to  me  (being  only  seven  miles  from  Lancaster,) 
andaslliveinatown,  where  I  have  no  Land  of  my  own  near,  &  where  Grain  of  every  kind  is  sold  at 
a  most  extravagant  Price — I  am  likewise  encouraged  to  make  this  Application  as  I  am  well  assured 
that  my  Care  of  the  Plantation,  in  preventing  ftiture  waste  k  keeping  off  Intruders,  will  fully 
compensate  for  any  Benefits  I  may  reap  from  a  little  Crop;  And  I  promise  to  resign  it  in  good 
Repair  whenever  demanded  by  you  or  the  Indians — If  you  sliould  think  proper  then  to  favour 


1 
1 

I 
< 

c 

I 

I 


ftiVikk  »ttXTi»t  T6  nit  ms  if&'rtoM. 


my  humble  Boon,  be  pleased  to  appoint  me  a  kind  of  Agent  or  Overseer  to  take  Care  of  tliii 
Place  by  a  Certificate,  or  in  any  other  manner  which  you  shiill  deem  better — I  trust  ytiu  will  imi'ilnn, 
Wurthy  Sir,  tliis  Sollicitation — Tlio  Admission  with  which  you  have  honoured  me  to  your  Fuvuiir 
&  Friendship,  leaves  no  Koom  to  donbt  bnt  you  will  kindly  indulge  me  tiic  Freedom  of  tills 
Address,  &  always  allow  me  the  satistuctlon  of  declaring  myself.  „,     .,;^ 

Your  most  obedient,  obliged  and  AfTectlonute  humble  servant 

The  Hon"*'*  Sir  William  Johnson,  Baronet.  Tno  Bahton. 

P.  S.  As  it  might  give  some  Olfence  to  the  Proprietary  Jlgents  that  this  Application  whs  not  made 
to  them,  I  woiUd  beg  to  receive  tlie  Favour  I  ask,  as  if  from  yourself^  who  thought  it  ni-ccsNiry 
thnt  tills  Plantation  should  be  put  under  the  Care  and  Protection  of  some  Person  who  lived  near  it 
— May  I  hope  for  an  Answer  as  soon  us  your  Avocations  will  allow  you  to  hear  me. — Vive  diu 
salvus  &  sospes!  ,    .^,.,  , 

This  will  be  delivered  to  you  by  M'  Clench,  a  Man  of  Property  who  resided  many  yenrs  In 
Reputation  in  this  Coimty,  but  now  moves  with  his  Family  to  the  Mohawk  River. 

Eindorjed  "supposed  in  May  1768."  ,, 


MR.  J.  W.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Schonactady,  5">  of  August  17G8. 
Hon*>  Sir  Our  Congregation  begs  to  know  wether  there  is  any  reason  to  Expect  M'  Murray '  soon 
here,  if  not  if  your  Honour  approves  of  it,  we  would  give  him  an  Invitation  to  come  here,  that 
if  this  place  is  agreeable  to  him  and  he  to  us.  we  will  then  Subscribe  yearly  as  much  as  lies  in  our 
power  for  him,  tho'  I  really  think  it  will  not  exceed  X40  this  Currency  but  however  if  M'  Murray 
comes  and  you  think  him  a  person  that  [is]  likely  to  promote  Religion  among  us,  we  make  no 
doubt  but  you  will  Sir  :  by  recommending  another  Mission,  to  be  added  to  this,  or  by  some  other 
means,  make  the  terms  agreeable  to  him  we  are  now  the  more  Anxiously  Solicitious  on  this  Head, 
as  the  Presbyterians  are  busee  to  get  M'  Bay'  among  them  I  shall  not  make  any  appology  for 
troubling  your  Honour  with  this  Letter  as  it  would  betray  a  difiddence  in  your  friendship  for  our 
Church  which  we  have  had  too  many  Proofs,  to  admit  a  doubt  of 

I  am  with  the  utmost  Respect 

Sir.  your  Honour  most  Obedient  Hum"*'*  Servant 
To  the  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Bar'.  J  W:  Brown. 

1  Revd  Alexamdeb  Mcbkat,  Episcopal  minister  of  Reading  Pa.  from  1763,4  to  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolution,  whec 
mil  tho  Episcopal  Churches  in  Pennsylvania  were  closed.    He  withdrew  to  England,  in  1778.    Eo. 

2  Rev.  Amdbbw  Bat  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  emigrated  to  Maryland  where  he  married  a  Miss  Hall.  He  belonged 
originally  to  the  Newcastle  Presbytery.  Uc  succeeded  Mr.  Hanna  as  Presbyterian  Minister  in  Albany  which  charge  he 
filled  for  the  space  of  five  years,  or  until  about  the  date  of  tho  above  letter.  He  next  moved  to  Newtown,  L.  I.  His  name 
first  appears  as  a  meral)er  of  tho  N.  York  Presbytery  in  1774  by  wliich  body  he  was  dismissed  June  20th  1775.  In  the  records 
of  the  Synod  of  New  York  and  Philadelphia,  in  May  1770,  is  the  following  minute  : — 

"  The  Synod  renewed  the  consideration  of  Mr.  Bay'i  appeal,  and  after  mature  deliberation,  confirmed  that  part  of  the 
Presbytery's  judgment  which  dissolves  the  union  between  Mr.  Bay  and  his  congregation;  and  with  respect  to  the  lattiT  part 
of  said  judgment,  the  Synod  are  of  opinion,  that  it  would  have  been  proper  to  have  recommended  to  tho  parties,  to  leave  the 
settlement  of  all  matters  resi>ectiug  the  glelie  and  its  appurtenances,  to  arbitrators  mutually  chosen  ;  and  they  further  advise 
that  if  any  disagreement  should  hereafter  arise  between  Mr.  Bay  and  the  congregation  of  Newtown,  respecting  said  glebe  and 
appurtenances,  that  they  decide  them  in  the  same  way."  (Prime's  Hiit.  of  L.  I.  S04.)  After  quiting  Newtown,  Mr  B.  i» 
supposed  to  have  proceeded  to  Charleston,  S.  C.  where  his  son,  Elisha  Hall  Bay,  was  subsequently  Judge.  .411  his  descend- 
ants reside  in  the  Sonth,  except  •  daughter  who  married  a  British  offleer  and  settled  in  Nova  Scotia.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Bay 
was  Grand  uficle  of  Dr.  Bay,  of  Albany.    En. 

Vol.  IV.  31 


i 


m 


i 


■IP  VAMM   UlaTINO   TO   THE  SIS   MATlOm. 

.        /     ,      ^  imOH  OAINE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON 

OM   THK   INDIAN   PRAYER   BOOK. 

Sir  In  Marching  Mr.  WeymRn^t  Papen  after  his  Decease,  a  Number  of  the  Slieeta  of  the 
Indian  Common  Prayer  that  you  employed  lilm  to  print  off,  came  to  Hand,  but  In  a  very  imper- 
fect State:  He  had  got  as  fur  as  the  74tli  Puge  which  completes  only  0  sheets ;  but  as  Part  of  several 
of  the  iheets  are  not  to  be  found,  the  exact  Number  of  each  Is  as  follows,  vi2  ^'         * 

A  -  -  280  sheeU  -  -  417  O 400 

B  -  -  436  •  -  413  H  -  -  -  300 

C  -  -  460  P  -  -  413  I  -  .  -  406 

I  have  got  all  the  Copy  but  what  is  in  the  Hands  of  the  Revd.  Mr.  Ogllvie,  who  is  very  willing  to 
assist  In  getting  the  Worlc  completed,  in  Case  you  think  proper  to  have  the  same  carried  on. 

I  am  informed  Mr.  Weyniun  hud  Money  advanced  him  on  account  of  tlie  Common-Prayer  ;  I 
hope,  if  lis  so,  the  Work  he  has  done  may  make  compensation,  as  there  is  nothing  left  to  pay  the 
many  Hundreds  he  owes,  and  me  among  the  other  Creditors  the  Sum  of  X30U. 

I  am  ignorant  on  wliat  Conditions  Mr.  Weyman  undertook  this  Job ;  however  if  lie  has  made 
any  Bargain  and  you  are  willing  I  should  compleat  tlie  work,  I  am  satisfied  to  abide  by  Ids. 

I  do  suppose  the  Number  he  intended  to  print  must  have  been  500  ;  if  so,  and  timt  Number 
must  be  completed,  the  whole  must  be  dune  over  again  ;  but  if  400  would  suffice,  tliat  Quantity 
oould  be  compleated  by  only  reprinting  the  Letters  A  &  H. 

As  this  Mutter  entirely  depends  on  you,  whatever  Orders  you  may  think  proper  to  transmit  me, 
with  r''gard  to  the  same,  shall  be  strictly  observed  by.    Sir 

Your  very  humble  Servant 

New- York         (  H.  Oaine. 

Aug.  26, 1768.  S       ..    ... 

*,*  HooH  Gaihb  .'m  tn  Irlshnun,  and  Mrvod  his  time  to  Jamci  Magee,  printer,  of  Belflut.  We  learn  from  Thomai, 
that  he  came  to  New  York  In  1745,  and  worked  as  Journeyman  to  Parker.  His  wages  at  first  were  a  dollar  and  a  quarter  a 
week;  he  afterwards  was  allowed  a  trifle  for  board.  To  his  credit  It  is  stated,  that  oven  under  these  diKouragIng  circnm. 
•tancos  his  economy  and  fVugallty  were  such  that  he  m\cA  money,  and  with  the  aulstance  of  a  friend  importvd  a  press  and 
types,  with  which  he  opened  a  printing  cstabllnhmcnt  about  the  year  1750,  to  wlilch  ho  added  a  Bookstore,  in  Hanover  Square. 
In  1762,  he  commenced  the  publication  of  the  New  Tork  Mercury,  Having  printed  In  bis  paper  of  Nov.  12,  1753,  a  part  of 
the  proceedings  of  the  Assembly,  he  was  brought  to  the  bnr  of  the  House  and  reprimanded.  He  printed  the  Journals  of  the 
Assembly  from  IfiOl  to  1765,  2  v.  fol.,  and  In  January  1768  succeeded  Weyman  as  public  printer.  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  for 
whom  he  printed  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  In  tlie  Mohawk  Tongue,  patronized  him,  and  In  the  collection  of  that 
Baronet's  Mss.  in  the  State  Library,  are  a  number  of  Gainc's  letters,  giving  Sir  William  the  earliest  intelligence,  and  roost  of 
the  current  gosalp  of  the  day.  Ho  found  It  very  diflBcult  to  navigate  through  the  tempest  of  the  Revolution.  At  first  he 
removed  his  ofl^ce  and  business  to  Newark,  N.  J.  lie,  however,  returned  to  New  York,  and  resided  In  that  city  throughout  its 
occupancy  by  the  British.  His  Mercury  was  discontinued  at  the  peace,  after  an  existence  of  about  81  years.  He  obtained 
permlnlon  from  the  State  Legislature  to  remain  in  the  city  aller  its  restoration  to  the  Americans.  After  which  he  confined 
himself  to  book  printing.  He  was  punctual  In  his  dealings,  of  correct  morals,  and  respectable  as  a  citlxen.  He  began  life  as  a 
poor  man,  but  by  cloae  application  to  biulness  amassed  a  fortune.    He  died  April  26, 1807,  aged  81  years.— Ed. 


I 


:|1 


VArna  rklatiitc  to  tbb  iis  RATiem. 


SIB.  W.  JOHNSON  TO  HUGH  OAINE. ' 

Johnson  hkll  S«pt' 8th  1768. 
Sir  I  have  Just  "vceived  yoiu  Tetter  concerning  the  Indian  prayer  book,  which  was  put  Into  the 
late  M'  Weymans  luudf,  The  Multipljf ity  of  business  prevented  my  Writing  to  hlro  About  It  for 
some  time  past,  Tho'  I  heartily  wish  It  was  C'otnp}>etrd.  I  cannot  recollect  whether  M'  Weyman 
was  Advanced  any  thing  on  Accot  but  believe  not  by  me.  Neither  do  I  remember  what  were  the 
conditions  of  our  Agreement  thn'  to  the  best  of  my  remembrance  there  was  Something  proposed  In 
that  way,  but  that  so  usefull  a  Work  might  not  be  Longer  delayed,  I  should  be  glad  you  would 
inform  me  what  would  l>e  the  £xi)ence  of  re-printiug  the  Letters  A.  k  H.  so  as  to  Complete  4U0  Copyi 
(which  I  think  may  be  sufficient)  in  a  Good  Legible  CImractcr  &  on  Suitable  Paper,  If  your  Charge 
will  Answer  My  purpose  I  shall  then  desire  you  to  Compleat  the  Work,  and  shall  by  the  fsvor 
of  M'  Ogilvies  Assistance  which  I  make  no  doubt  he  will  cheari\illy  give  on  such  an  Occasion. 

Please  to  send  an  answer  to  Sir 
I  was  to  have  ab<  20  Books  Your  most  humble  Servant 

neatly  bound  k  Gilt. 
M'  Hugh  Gaine. 


! 


Jl 


^M' 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


New- York,  Sept  17, 1768. 

Sir  Your  Favour  of  the  8th  Instant  I  this  Day  received,  and  since  my  last  to  you  have  found 
a  Memorandum  among  M^"  Weyman's  Papers,  in  the  following  Words  ; 

"In  this  Size  [which  Is  marked  on  a  Sheet  of  Paper,]  it  will  make  20  Sheets  in  4to,  which  on 
account  of  the  Difficulty  of  the  Tongue  or  Language,  cannot  be  done  for  less  that  36s  per  Sheet,  and 
Sir  William  must  pay  lor  the  Paper  besides,  which  will  be  from  128  to  18s  per  Ream,  and  each 
Ream  will  scarcely  make  450,  the  whole  therefore  will  amount  to  X36:  0:  0  for  printing  only:  The 
binding  also  must  be  paid  by  Sir  William." 

By  the  above  agreement  the  reprinting  the  Letters  A  and  H,  will  amount  to  no  more  than  jC3: 
12:0,  and  the  Paper  I  think  not  more  than  4s. 

I  am  very  glad  M'  Weyman  has  had  no  money  advanced  him  on  account  of  this  Work,  as  what 
he  has  done  will  serve  to  pay  some  Part  of  his  Debts. 

With  regard  to  the  Binding,  I  do  suppose  they  will  cost  about  Is  6d  each,  and  the  20  you  want 
gilt,  and  I  suppose  in  red  Morocco,  will  come  very  high;  however  the  whole  shall  be  well  executed, 
and  on  as  easy  Terms  as  possible,  by  Sir 

Your  humble  Servant 

To  Sir  W>>>  Johnson,  Bart.  H.  Gaine. 


:i|H!iW: 


[ikf: 


Pi^mi  I^CVATIirQ  TO  T^  nm  NATipjfP.. 


MR.  J.  W.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Schonactady  Oct  19»i>  1768. 
Hon<>  SJi  I  Received  your  Interesting  Letter,  irhicli  I  immediately  Communicate  the  contents 
wliicli  regards  tlie  Church  to  the  Vestry  which  made  us  all  very  happy,  but  as  we  want  words  to 
Express  our  gratefull  Sentiments  to  you  as  we  ought  we  must  be  silent  we  shall  instantly  sett  about 
finishing  the  Church,  tho  I  fear  it  will  be  too  late  in  the  season  to  Plaister  tlie  walls.  According 
to  order  I  Iiave  sent  1  Barrell  of  Rusk  Branded  on  the  Head  £  B  which  I  hope  is  come  safe  to  hand 
and  am  with  the  most  gratefull  Respect 

Hon«i  Sir  Your  most  Obliged  Humi>i  Servant 
To  Sir  William  Johnston  Barne^  J  W  Brown.  > 


MEMORIAL  OF  REVD.  MR.  WHEELOCK. 

To  Their  Excellencies  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet  Superintendent  of  Indian  Affairs  in 

North  America,  Sir  Henry  Moore  Esquire  Governor  of  the  Province  of  New  York, 

Benjamin  Franklin  Esquire  Governor  of  tlie  Province  of  New  Jersey  and  John 

Penn  Esquire  Deputy  Governor  of  Pennsylvania,  now  convered  at  Fort  Stanwix. 

The  Memorial  of  Eleazer  Wlieelock  of  Lebanon  in  tlie  Colony  of  Connecticut,  Founder  and 

Director  of  the  Indian  Charity  Scliool  in  said  Colony,  humbly  sheweth. 

That  said  School  was  founded  with  a  single  view  to  promote  tlie  knowledge  of  the  only  true  God, 
and  our  common  Salvation  especially  among  the  Savages  of  tliis  Land  ;  thereby  to  deliver  them  from 
their  present  miseries,  make  tliera  good  Membeis  of  Society,  loyal  Subjects  to  our  rightful  Sovereign, 
and  especially  cordial  subjects  to  tlie  King  of  Zion.  and  the  Plan  has  since  been  well  approved, 
and  the  School  generously  endowed  by  the  Liberalities  of  his  present  Majesty  King  George  the  third, 
and  by  ninny  Nubleinen  and  Gentlemen  in  Europe,  as  well  as  l:)y  many  charita)jly  disposed  People 
in  America. — and  much  Labour  and  cost  have  been  already  expended  to  fit  and  qualify  a  number 
both  English  and  Indians  fur  Missionaries  and  School-Masters  among  their  several  Tribes  wlio  are 
now  or  will  soon  be  ready  to  enter  upon  their   respective  services,  if  suitable  doors  should 

1  We  learn  flrom  Mr.  L.  H.  Willard  of  Union  College,  that  Jonii  W,  Bbown  was  born  in  the  year  1727;  he  came  to  this 
country  from  London  and  settled  in  Schenectady  in  1748.  IIo  married  a  Miss  Wemple,  and  left  one  son  and  two 
daugblcr».  After  having  passed  evenly  through  the  troubles  of  the  revolution,  in  which  he  manifested  very  little  interest,  and 
arriving  at  an  advanced  age,  ho  laid  down  to  rest  in  1814.  The  following  ia  a  copy  of  the  Inscription  on  a  slab  in  St.  George's 
Church)  Schenectady:— 


in  Memory  of  JOHN  W.  BROWN 

Who  departed  tliis  life, 

June  301''  1814;  aged  87  years. 

.1  nativi>  of  GREAT  BRlTJim 

Came  to  Schenectady  1748; 

Where  he  remained  untill  his  death; 

The  founder  and  steady  friend  of  this 

CHURCH. 


•Atmt  aiM>ATu«-o  TO  TifB  »m,  MA-cionp. 


94!^ 


s%  \ 


M-opeofid  for  their  improvement  therein.  Some  attempts  have  also  been  alrei»dy  made  among  the 
Onoidaa,  and  not  without  some  encouraging  Prospect  that,  their  Lives  and  Manners  may  be  soon 
formed  to  rules  of  decency,  civility  and  religion. — Some  endeavors  have  also  been  used  by  your 
Memorialists  the  last  spring  to  Introduce  Missionaries  and  School-Masters  among  the  Onondagas  and 
Tuscaroras,  which  proposal  they  appeared  to  approve  ;  but  suspended  their  lull  determination  to 
comply  with  it ;  till  they  could  have  the  concurrence  of  their  Brethren  of  other  Tribes  tlieiein. 

And  your  Memorialist,  being  now  informed  tliat  all  the  Nations  are  summoned  to  meet  upon  the 
present  public  occasion,  Ims  Judged  it  seasonable  to  improve  the  same  for  the  purposes  aforesaid,  and 
especially  as  he  hopes  he  may  have  the  advantage  of  your  countenance  and  Influence,  therein ; 
which  he  doubts  not  your  comixission  towards  those  miserable  Creatures  will  constrain  you  cheerlully 
to  afford  to  the  utmost  of  your  jwwcr  If  you  shall  think  the  Plan  well  devised  to  attain  the  end 
proposed.  And  he  has  therefor©  sent  the  Rev"*  Ebenezer  Cleaveland '  and  M'  Allen  Mather  on 
purpose  to  solicit  your  IHvour  and  assistance  in  tliis  matter,  by  recommending  to  them  the  design 
of  sending  Missionaries  and  School-Masters  among  their  several  Tribes  ;  or  by  any  other  ways  or 
means,  wliich  yoiu"  gi-eat  wImIoiu  imd  prtidence  shall  dictate — relying  on  your  Candour  and  tlie 
Nature  of  the  Cause  to  exctJse  th«  freeilom  and  boldness  herein  assumed  by  him,  who  is  with  higliest 
Esteem  and  Respect,  May  It  please  your  Excellencies, 

Your  most  obedient  and  most  humble  servant 

Dated  at  Lebanon  Ootol)er  \6^  A.  D.  1768.  Eleazer  Wheelock. 


CAVKAT  OF  TWO  N.  E.  MSSIONABIES. 

AGAINST   HIS   MAJESTv's   ORDERS   TO   SIR   WM.   JOIIISSOM. 

To  the  Hon'»'«  Sir  William  Johnson  Superin'  of  the  Six  Nations  &c. 
Tour  Excellency  having  recciv'd  a  Letter  lately  from  the  Rev*  D'  E.  Wheelock  as  also  seen  his 
Instructions  for  propegateiug  the  Gt)spel  among  tlie  Iud»"  &c.  Pursuant  wlierunto  These  are  humbly 
to  desire  &  importune  your  Excellenoy,  That  in  as  much  as  your  Excellency  hath  been  pleased 
more  publicly,  &  privately  to  manifest  an  approbation,  &  goodliking  to  the  D"  plan,  and  laudable 
design  of  propegateiug  the  glorious  tJospel  among  the  Ind"',  under  your  Excellencies  Superinten- 
dency  :  so  your  Excellency  would  please  Still  to  countenance,  &  encourage  tlie  truely  noble  design. 
And  in  order  to  prosecute  the  same  to  effect,  that  your  Excellency  (as  a  tender  Father  to  these 
perishing  Indians)  would  be  please<l,  of  your  most  gonerous&  benevolent  disposition,  so  to  befriend 
their  cause,  as  to  prevent  their  sotting  themselves  off  from  their  Lands  ;  tlierby  to  frusterate  the 
afors^  design  of  pi"opegateliig  the  Gospel  among  them,  which  undoubtedly  will  be  the  Sad  conse- 
quence of  tlieir  so  doing,  that  this  ellVct  may  not  hap'en,  your  Excellency  is  humbly  desir'd  to 
restrict  the  Bounds  of  the  resjwctlve  Provinces,  that  they  may  not  be  extended  So  far  North  & 
west,  as  to  cut  off  the  Lands  &  Inheritances  of  the  Natives  :  but  that  they  possess  &  enjoy  them  for 
tlieir  own  private  Temiwral  use ;  and  that  more  Sacred  benefit  of  propegateing  the  knowlege  of  the 
great  Saviour  of  the  world  mnong  them  ,  that  so,  by  the  Grace  of  God,  tliey  may  have  a  further 

1  Rev.  Ebenkkr  OiiATRiAon  w«»  Ixirn  ftt  Cftnterbury,  Conn.,  In  the  year  1726.  He  studied  at  Yale  College.  While  at 
home,  during  a  vacation  in  1744,  ho  attondvd  a  dissenting  meeting  for  which  he  was  brought  to  an  account  on  his  return.  He 
pleaded  that  he  was,  with  his  part<nt.<i,  ft  nionilicr  of  the  church.  This  excuse  would  not  be  received  and  he  wos  expelled. 
This  extreme  proceeding  called  (\>rth  much  public  indlgnntlnM.  He  received  his  degree  in  1749,  and  died  minister  of  Glouces. 
ter,  July  4th,  1806,  aged  70  y(«r«  — Allem. 


Hi 


ill 

J  ^ 

'lr^H( 

II 

■i 

1 

f 

i 
1 

tktVM   REIiAtlMG  to  THlC  SIX  NAflOim. 

opportunity  of  a  more  general  offer  of  the  Gospel  to  them.    And  for  this  end,  that  your  Excellency 

would  be  pleased  to  recommend,  out  of  your  clemency,  and  goodness,  the  above  design  of  prope- 

gateing  tlie  Gospel  among  them.  To  the  Heads  &  Chiefs  of  the  Nations  that  may  be  present  at 

this  Congress    And  finally,  that  we  may  have  an  oppertunity,  by  order  of  your  Excellency,  to  lay 

the  same  before  the  Heads  &  chiefs  that  may  be  here.    And  in  so  doing,  your  Excellency  will  not 

onelygain  fiutherjust  esteem,  and  deserved  thanks  of  all  that  wish  well  to  this  most  Christian  design; 

but  tlie  blessing  of  many  ready  to  perish  will  come  upon  your  Excellency  in  this  present  world, 

and  In  the  world  to  come,  thro'  y*  Grace  of  God,  life  everlasting  which  is  tlie  unfeigned  desire,  & 

constant  Prayer  of  your  Excelleucys  most  obliged 

Hum''i«  Servants 

Jacob  Ws.  Johnson  \ . 


Dated  Fort  Stanwlx  October  17'''  1708. 


David  Avehy 


missionaries 


*,*  Rev.  David  Avert,  after  \\\»  return  from  Fort  Stanwix,  graduated  at  Tale  College  and  went  in  1771  to  preach  to  the 
Indi.'\ns  on  Long  Island.  He  was  ordained  at  Hanover  29th  August  1771  as  assistant  to  the  Revd  Mr.  Kirtland  at  Oneida 
whither  he  immediately  proceeded.  After  spending  a  year  there  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  the  Mission,  in  consequence  of 
the  Indians  in  that  quarter  being  entirely  disinclined  to  receive  a  second  Missionary  or  school  Master.  Tliis  cause  added  to 
his  ill  health,  discouraged  Mr.  Avery  so  much  that  he  returned  to  Dartmouth. 


REVD  MR  JOHNSON  TO  SIR  W.  JOHNSON. 

Sir  May  it  please  your  Excellency  To  informe  the  Indian  Chiefs  here  present  that  the  Reasons 
why  I  was  not  present  at  the  First  opening  of  the  Congress.  Was  partly  oweing  to  my  being 
unwell  that  day  and  partly  by  misinformation  of  the  Time  when  upon  my  hearing  of  the  Condolence 
&c  I  much  regretted  my  absence  and  especially  since  I  have  heard  some  ill  improvement  has  been 
already  made  of  it  by  Monsir  Mountour  which  may  possibly  yea  probably  prejudice  the  minds  of 
the  Indians  against  me  &  even  the  Protestant  Religion  which  Sir  is  very  atfecting  &  grievious  to  me 
&  sundry  others  who  have  reminded  me  of  it  with  concern — ^your  Excellency  will  therefore  please 
to  let  my  Fathers  &  Brethren  of  the  Indians  know  I  Heartily  Sympathize  with  them  &  am  greatly 
grievd  &  concernd  that  there  should  be  any  impressions  made  on  their  minds  of  a  contrary  tendency 
Let  them  know  I  am  a  most  sure  &  fast  Friend  to  them  and  especially  their  Souls  Salvation  who 
am  may  it  please  your  Excellency 

Your  excellencies  Hum*  Serv». 

(Endorsed)    Parson  Johnson's  letter.  Jacob  Ws.  Johnson 


POSITION  OF  REV.  MR.  JOHNSON  DEFINED. 

To  Sir  William  Johnson,  Governer  Franklin,  The  Rev^  Mr  Peters,  the  Chief  Justice 

Smyth,  Coll.  Johnson  and  tlie  other  Respectable  Gen'"  of  this  Table.    Health 

&  prosperity  to  you  all. 

In  as  much  as  I  am  a  minister  of  Christ,  &  my  Work  principally  to  preach  the  Gospel  to  the  lower 

rank  of  people:    I  have  not  used  my  self  much  to  the  company,  &  converse  of  Gent"  of  the  Civil  & 

Military  order   especially  in   tlie  pleasure  and  practice  of  drinking  Healths,  Loyal  Toasts  &c 


if  I 
f  ,<  f 


PAPEM  RELATING  TO  THB  SIX  NATIONS. 


247 


wherfore  I  may  easily  offend  in  this  respect,  with  no  ill  meaning — And  in  as  much  as  in  drinking 
the  Kings  health  yesterday,  I  used  such  terms,  as  to  offend  Col  Johnson  Mr  Chief  Justice,  &  it  may 
be  some  others.  In  saying  I  drink  the  King  of  New  Eng^  Health,  the  Health  of  the  King,  that  hears 
our  Prayers,  &c  I  do  hereby  honestly,  and  before  him  that  knoweth  all  things,  protest,  I  had  no  other 
meaning  then,  or  now,  but  what  is  express'd  or  imply'd  in  these  words — I  drink  the  Health  of  King 
George  iii.  of  Great  Britain  &c — comprehending  New  £ng<)  &  all  the  British  Colonies  &  provinces 
in  North  America.  And  I  mean  to  drink  such  a  Health  to  his  British  Majesty,  wlien  occasion  serves 
so  long  as  his  Royal  Majesty  shall  govern  his  British,  &  American  subjects  according  to  Magna 
Charta,  or  the  great  charter  of  English  Liberties,  and  hears  the  prayers  of  his  American  Subjects, 
when  properly  laid  before  Him — ^But  in  case  his  Bitish  Majesty  (which  God  in  great  mercy  prevent) 
should  superseed  &  proceed  contrary  to  charter  rights  &  privileges,  &  Govern  us  with  a  Rod  of 
Iron,  &  the  mouth  of  Canons  and,  make  his  Little  Finger  thicker  than  his  Fathers  loyns,  and  utterly 
refuse  to  hear  or  consider  our  Humble  prayers;  then,  &  in  that  case  I  should  tliink  it  my  indispen- 
sable Duty  to  seek  a  retreat  else  where:  or  joyn  with  my  Countrymen  in  Forming  a  New  Empire  in 
America,  distinct  from,  &  independent  of  the  British  Empire:  agreeable  to  a  projected,  &  predicted 
Plan  in  a  late  essay*  which  in  Substance  agrees  with  my  mind  in  these  things  &  if  I  am  not  mistaken, 
with  every  true  son  of  Liberty. 

Your  Excellencies  most  Obed*  Humle  servt 

Fort  Stanwix  octob,  20  1768.  Jacob  Ws.  Johnson. 

*  a  late  essay  Intitled  the  Power  &  Gendure  of  Great  Britain,  Founded  on  the  Liberties  of  the 
Colonies  &c. 


■75' 


REV.  MR.  JOHNSON  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

May  it  please  Your  Excelency 

It  is  with  some  apprehension  of  Concern  I  write — I  am  sensible  of  the  great  propriety  of  Your 
Excellencys  forbidding  tlie  Ind"'  intoxicating  Spirits  (at  this  Time) — and  besides  the  other  Ind"  in 
gen",  It  may  be  observ'd  the  Seneca's  who  have  been  a  great  while  in  coming — come  arm'd — while 
we  at  tlie  Fort  &  round  about  are  naked — &  defenceless — They  have  also  (it  is  s^)  their  Romish 
Priests  among  them:  who  hold  it  meritorious  to  kill  Hereticks  (as  they  call  us)  And  our  sins  and 
provocations  may  incense  Heaven  to  let  them  lose  at  unawares  upon  us;  if  the  utmost  care,  & 
precaution  be  not  taken — which  your  Excellency  in  his  superior  Wisdom  will  doubtless  well  consider 
— &  give  orders  accordingly.  As  the  Scituation  of  affairs  w^ar  a  most  threatning  aspect  (at  this 
juncture)  so  I  can't  but  think  it  a  time  to  be  serious,  if  there  be  any  such  Time:  And  in  this  Spirit 
I  write  to  your  Excellency.  If  my  apprehensions  are  groundless,  I  shou'd  be  glad,  &  ask  your 
Excellencies  forgiveness — who  am  with  all  due  Respect  your  Excelly, 

obed'  Hum'»  Servt 

Fort  Stanwix  octob*  22  1768.  Jacob  W«  Johnson. 

P.  S.  As  I  am  aseer,  I  may  be  knowing  to  some  things — ^Your  Excellency  possibly  may  not — which 
occasions  me  thus  to  write —        #••*•*••• 


i 


Jj 
U  ii 


248  MMfA  vatLk'ttso  ib  thk  Mk  miMMft. 


REV.  MR  JOHNSON  TO  THE  COMMISSIONERS. 

To  Sir  W™  Johnson  Governour  Franklin  Col  Grahom  Col  Butler  and  other  Respectable 
Gent"  Jntrested  &  concerned  at  their  Congress. 
Hon'«  &  Respectable 

As  I  am  here  in  behalfe  of  D'  Wheelock  in  the  cause  of  Propcgateing  the  Gospel  among  the  Indians 
of  these  Nations  I  must  be  Faithful  To  let  you  know  tiiat  whereas  the  D'  Especially  &  some  others 
with  liim  liave  laid  out  much  Labor  &  cost  with  a  view  to  spread  tlie  Gospel  among  the  Indians 
we  are  extremely -loath  to  see  tlie  cause  dye  under  our  Iiands  and  a  lUnd  at  Home  of  above  £1!2000 
Sterling  that  was  raised  by  Noble  generous  &  charatable  benefactors  and  additions  tliernnto  in  this 
country  be  lost  or  diverted  from  the  design  of  the  Doners  which  We  Imagin  must  be  in  whole  or  in 
great  part  if  the  Indians  &  especially  these  Onoida's  yield  up  their  Lands  We  therfore  ask  that  a 
Door  may  be  kept  open  to  them  wliere  the  Gospel  has  been  preached  and  Schools  set  up  that  we 
may  know  where  to  find  them  &  not  have  to  ramble  all  over  the  world  after  tliem  or  Find  them 
vajisals  on  other  mens  Land  And  as  we  propose  to  propegate  the  Gospel  in  the  iliost  open  christian 
&  catliolick  manner  imaginable  we  are  quite  unwilling  to  be  circumvented  in  any  way  whatsoever 
being  assured  our  Design  is  good  wlmtever  our  success  may  be  And  tlierfore  pray  you  most  Hon'* 
Gent"  ducly  &  deeply  to  consider  St  weigh  the  Cause  not  for  man  but  for  God  to  wliom  you  &  I 
must  soon  give  an  account  I  am  ready  to  confer  witli  any  of  you  Gen">  &  otliers  who  would  know 
farther  of  tliese  tilings  or  would  make  any  Proposals  about  them  which  I  have  thus  in  gen"  hinted  at 

who  am  with  all  due  Respect  yours 

Fort  Stanwix  octob  30  1768.  Jacob  W»  Johnson. 


\\ ; 


if   '    ; 


SPEECH  OF  REV.  MR  JOHNSON 

INTENDED  TO   BE  DELIVERED  TO  THE  SIX  CONFEDERATE   NATIONS   AT   FORT  STANWIX,   31ST  OCTOBER,  1768. 

Know  Ye  That  Whereas  The  Rev*  D'  Eleazer  Wheelock  of  Lebanon  in  the  Colony  of  Connecticut 
in  New  England  Minister  of  Jesus  Christ  is  about  to  Set  up  a  College  or  Great  School  for  the  benefit 
of  the  Indians  which  generous  &  good  design  is  favourd  by  your  Royal  Father  the  King  of  Great 
Britain  The  Earl  of  Dartmouth  together  with  many  wise  as  well  as  great  &  good  men  And  a  place 
is  now  Searching  out  wliearon  to  set  up  s""  College  and  many  great  offers  made  in  Lands  k  Monies 
wherwith  to  endow  S"'  College  in  several  of  the  neighbouring  English  Goverments  but  no  place 
resolv'd  upon  as  yet  to  set  up  si*  College. — 

These  are  therfore  to  ask  of  you  Fathers  &  Brethren  if  it  be  your  minds  and  what  you  would 
choose  to  appropriate  &  devote  a  certain  tract  of  your  Land  or  country  for  this  great  &  good  purpose 
on  or  near  The  Mohawk  River  or  wherever  you  in  your  Wisdom  may  think  most  convenient  of  such" 
extent  and  worth  as  may  be  sufficient  witli  what  monies  &  other  Benefactions  &  Charities  may  be 
given  to  endow  s^  College  That  it  may  be  of  a  most  Public  &  extensive  use  &  benefit  to  the  several 
Nation  of  Indians  And  this  proposal  is  made  witli  no  view  to  acquire  your  Lands  for  any  private  use 
of  any  person  or  persons  no  Fathers  &  Brethren  we  dont  want  your  Lands  for  ourselves  but  for  this 
most  public  use  &  benefit  to  the  Indian  Nations  if  it  shall  be  your  Desire  to  have  it  set  upon 


ii   \  i 


Lid 
tse 
(ch- 
Ibe 
Iral 
■use 
Ihis 
Qon 


SIR  W.JOHNSON  TOGENLGAGE 

TOUCHING   THK   INTRIGUES   OF   THE   N.    E.    MISSIONARIES    AT   THE  TREATY    AT    FORT   STANWIX. 

Johnson  hall,  Nov'  24<''  1768. 
Dear  Sir,  I  have  now  the  pleasure  to  enclose  yow  a  Copy  of  the  Indian  Deed  of  Cession  to  his 
Majesty  specifying  the  iloundary  as  also  Extracts  of  the  most  material  parts  of  the  Transactions  at 
the  late  Treaty.  Tlie  Indians  insisteil  on  their  Title  to  the  Lands  as  far  as  the  Clierokee  River, 
which  they  Cede  to  the  King  and  I  was  contented  to  admit  it  in  the  Deed  &  Transactions,  nolwitli- 
standing  any  pretended  Claim  of  the  Ciierokees,  because  it  puts  an  End  to  the  Claim  of  the  North- 
ern Indians,  and  leaves  It  only  to  he  settled  by  the  Cherokees  sho*!  the  latter  appear  to  have  any 
Vol..  IV  n 


f,   •^l 


PAPERS   RRLATIMO   TO  THE  SIX   NATI0M8. 


249 


your  Country  rather  than  on  the  English  ground  and  upon  a  Representation  made  herof  to  the 
Hon>*  &  Respectable  Board  of  Trust  in  Great  Britain  They  shall  think  it  more  expedient  &  better 
upon  all  views  &  considerations  to  set  it  in  your  Country  rather  than  on  the  English  Ground. 

Your  answer  to  the  above  Proposil  is  legird  By  Jacob  W*  Johnson  Minister  of  Christ  &  Mii- 
sionary  to  the  Onolda  Indians  &  otliei-s. 


HUGH  OAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON, 

CONCERNINO   THE   INDIAN   PRAYER   BOOK. 

Sir  Your  favour  of  the  12th  ultimo  from  Fort  Stanwix,  is  now  before,  which  I  should  have 
answered  much  Sooner,  liad  I  not  well  known  you  were  deeply  ingaged  in  Business  of  greater 
consequence  to  your  Country,  and  I  rejoice  to  hear  you  have  so  happily  succeeded  in  t!  e  same. 

I  expect  to  have  tlie  Prayer  Book  finished  by  Ciiristmas,  but  as  it  will  make  several  sheets  more 
than  was  at  first  imagined,  I  am  confident  the  Binders  will  expect  2s.  instead  of  Is  6  for  the  plain 
Ones  Please  to  let  me  know  how  many  you'll  want  in  Morroco  Leather.  I  heard  the  Revd  M' 
Ogilsby  say,  he  should  have  Occasion  tor  a  few  neatly  bound. 

With  Regard  to  the  Price  of  the  Printing  I  will  only  say  this,  that  when  the  Bargain  M'  Weyman 
made,  is  completed,  the  Printer  will  have  but  very  little  for  his  Trouble,  and  that  there  would  be 
a  much  greater  Benefltt  i-esulting  from  English  at  half  the  Price.  However  I  want  no  more  than 
what  is  reasonable  wliicli  I  am  very  certain  you  will  allow  me. 

Tlie  Ditference  to  mo  in  an  Impression  of  a  1000  or  400,  with  Regard  to  the  Labour,  would  not 
have  been  £b  and  should  have  been  no  more  to  you  than  that  of  the  Paper,  but  now  that  is  too  lile 
to  be  thought  of. 

I  have  sent  to  Boston  for  a  set  of  Hutchinson's  History  of  Massachusetts-Bay,  and  there  is  not 

a  gilt  4to  Bible  in  this  City  to  be  sold,  but  I  shall  endeavor  to  get  you  one  by  the  Spring,  if  I  should 

run  it  by  way  of  Falmouth,  as  we  have  all  agreed  not  to  send  for  any  Goods  this  Winter. 

I  am  your  Very  humble  Servant 
New-York  Nov.  ?  Hugh  Gaine. 

19, 17()8.         \ 

P.  S.    If  any  of  the  Common  Prayers  are  to  be  sent  to  London,  if  they  are  sent  in  sheets  in  my 

Opinion  it  may  do,  as  they  can  be  bound  there  to  satistaction. 


11    ■ 

I? 


\u 


S60 


PAPKM   HCLATine  TO   THE  MX   NATIOm. 


Oohxu  of  a  title  thereto,  Tho  I  am  Confident  they  hare  no  pretensions  to  Lands  North  of  that  Hirer 
or  beyond  certain  Mountains  which  I  heard  both  the  Oherokees  and  6  Nations  many  years  ago 
declare  to  t>e  the  true  Ix)undary  between  them.  The  Indians  were  for  Continuing  the  Line  irom 
Canada  Creek  in  a  manner  which  wo'  have  been  Judged  very  disadvantageous  to  this  Province  and 
thereture  we  agreed  to  stop  at  the  Mouth  of  Canada  till  his  Majestys  pleasure  wo<i  be  known,  when, 
as  it  is  an  affair  in  wliich  only  Two  Nations  are  concerned  I  apprehend  I  can  settle  it  reasonably 
and  perliaps  on  much  more  advantageous  terms. 

It  will  be  impossible  for  you  to  Judge  in  the  least  of  my  Trouble  and  the  difficulties  I  had  to 
overcome  from  the  Extracts  I  have  sent  or  indeed  from  a  Copy  of  the  whole,  for  the  most  Material 
Points  are  settled  at  private  Congresses  with  the  Cliiefs  of  wch  no  minutes  can  be  taken,  and  these 
I  was  engaged  in  Night  &  Day,  fur  as  we  came  to  Argue  the  Continuation  of  the  Boundary  North- 
ward from  Fort  Pitt,  we  had  sev>  disputes  &  the  difficulties  enoreased  in  proportion  as  we  went  to 
the  Northward  and  Came  near  the  Settlements  of  the  Six  Nations  or  their  depend"  and  to  add  to  all 
this  Two  N.  England  Missionaries  came  up  the  one  of  whom  was  strongly  recommended  to  me  by 
D'  Wheelock  of  Connecticut  and  did  all  in  tlieir  power  to  prevent  theOneidas  (whose  property  part 
of  the  Susquehannah  &c  is)  from  agreeing  to  any  Line  that  might  he  deemed  Reasonable  They  had 
even  the  face  in  opposition  to  his  Majestys  Commands  &  the  desire  of  the  Colonies  to  Memorial  me 
Praying  that  the  Ind*  might  not  be  allowed  to  give  up  far  to  the  North  or  West  but  to  reserve  it 
for  the  purposes  of  Religion, — and  publickly  declared  to  sev*  Gentlemen  there,  that  they  had  taken 
Infinite  pains  with  the  Ind*  to  obstruct  the  Line  &  would  Continue  to  do  so.  The  New  Englanders 
have  had  Missionaries  for  sometime  amongst  the  Oneidas  &  Oghqut^es  and  I  was  not  ignorant 
that  their  old  pretensions  to  the  Susquehanna  Lands,  was  tlieir  Real,  tho'  Religion  was  their 
assumed  object,  but  knowing  that  any  steps  I  could  take  with  these  Missions'  would  from  the  Ind* 
conceptions  be  deemed  violent  I  treated  them  with  silent  contempt,  Tho  I  think  you  should 
know  these  Circumstances,  &  the  Government  &  public  in  Gen'  should  see  in  what  manner  their 
favors  &  Indulgences  are  made  use  of  by  tliese  Gentry  of  whicli  I  co^  give  many  Instances  being 
possessed  of  tlielr  secret  instructions  &  many  otlier  very  extraordinary  papers. 

Ti>e  Reservations  the  Ind*  liave  made  and  every  thing  else  necessary  will  I  hope  be  confirmed 
&  secured  by  Colony  Laws,  I  have  only  at  tliis  time  to  add  my  Wishes  that  the  Transactions  at  the 
late  Treaty  may  be  agreeable  to  you,  &  to  assure  you  that  1  am  with  the  greatest  Truth  &  Regard. 

Dear  Sir  &c 

My  last  Letters  were  of  the  18<»>  &  20»>>  of  this  month. 


DR.  SHUCKBURGH  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON, 

TOUCHING  THE  INDIAN  PRAYER-BOOK. 

N.  York  28  Nov'  17C8. 
Sir  AS  I  had  often  visited  M""  Galne  ab»  the  Ind"  Prayer  Books  I  was  w">  him  this  Day,  lie  says 
all  that  he  has  to  do  «»•>  tliem  will  bo  finishd  in  a  few  Days  then  will  send  them  to  tho 
Binders  so  that  in  less  tlian  a  fortnight  you  may  have  some  of  them  up.  I  have  made  bold  to  tell 
him  not  to  let  iiny  go  out  of  liis  liands  till  you  have  the  whole  that  you  want,  for  he  rjMik"  -is  if  M' 
Ogilvie  would  Expect  some  to  send  to  his  friends  in  England.  M""  Gaine  desir'd  me  to  inform  VfiU 
tliat  those  that  yoi«  woud  have  bound  in  Moroco  Leather  had  better  be  sent  in  Sheet  to  England  & 
'wnnd  there  as  'twill  i>e  diflirnit  to  get  that  sort  of  Leather,  Expensive,  &  the  work  not  so  neatly 


lio 

111 
r 

]& 


rAPEM   RKLATIMS   TO   THE  III   NATIOMI. 


951 


done  as  in  England,  j'  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsborough  I  gave  to  M'  Adams  as  I  understood  be  had 
Liberty  of  sending  j*  Dispatches  by  a  private  Ship  if  none  of  y«  kings  Pacqiiets  were  here:  there  is 
a  new  Pacquet  for  y*  kings  us  Comanded  by  Gap<  Ooodridge  advertis'd  this  Day  to  go  in 
December.  Oen>  Gage  not  yet  returnd  tis  said  he  is  by  the  Way  on  the  Land  Richards  is  arriv'd  in 
ten  Weeks  no  material  news  can  I  gather  firom  home  or  here. 

I  am  w">  due  Respect  to  you  &  family 

yr  most  obligd  &  very  hble  Serv* 

R*  Shuckbuhoh. 


MR.  BROWN  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


Sohonaotady  December  6ti>  1768. 

Sir  On  the  receipt  of  your  Letter  you  hon""  me  with  dated  24«i'  October,  we  immediately  wrote 
to  M'  Murrey  but  have  not  yet  rec<i  an  answer  we  could  nut  go  on  at  that  time  with  Ceiling  the 
Church  as  there  was  not  one  Plaisterer  in  Town,  so  concluded  to  stay  till  the  Spring  when  Mauffet 
as  Promised  to  do  it,  we  shall  give  M'  Sutton  the  offer  of  the  Joiner*  work  as  any  recommendation 
from  your  Hon*  Ought  and  shall  always  be  an  agreeable  command  with  us.  but  the  way  M*'  Davies 
and  he  proposes  will  Vastly  exceed  what  we  can  pretend  too,  it  gave  me  real  concern  that  M' 
Peters  Iwd  left  this  place  before  we  knew  it  which  was  owing  to  M'  Clinch  fbrgelfulness  as  he 
promised  to  acquaint  me  with  his  arival  here  as  we  intended  to  have  return^  him  our  gratefull 
thanks.  I  have  talked  with  Collins  very  plain  about  the  money  which  he  collected  for  the  use  of 
the  Church  at  Fort  Stanwix  but  he  declares  it  is  not  more  than  twenty  nine  Shillings  but  if  so  he 
surely  ought  to  have  Acquainted  your  honour  there  with 

I  am  with  the  Most  Dutiflill  respect 

Sir  your  Most  Humbl  Servant 

To  the  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson.  J.  W.  BaowM 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  tiENL  6A»£. 

Johnson  hall  Dec'  10>h  1768. 

Dear  Sir  I  wrote  you  yesterday  by  M^or  Qorham,  This  Letter  is  addressed  to  you  at  the  intreaty 
of  the  Bearer  M^  Adair,  ■  who  I  am  informed  was  for  many  years  a  Trader  of  first  consequence 
amongst  the  Cherokees  &c.  I  believe  Ms  present  Circumstances  are  very  indifferent  but  he  conceives 
he  has  a  prospect  of  some  advantage  in  view  from  the  Publication  of  a  manuscript  he  has  wrote  on 
the  Manners,  Customs  &  History  of  the  Southern  Indians,  tending  to  prove  their  descent  from  the 
Hebrews,  which  performance  shews  him  a  man  well  acquainted  with  the  Languages,  and  very 
Curious  in  his  Remarks,  His  design  is  to  go  for  England  and  (if  he  may  be  allowed)  to  take  some 
Chicksaws  with  him,  &  as  none  of  that  Nation  were  ever  there  he  conceives  it  would  be  for  the  public 
advantage  to  Shew  them  the  greatness  and  power  of  the  English. 

I  apprehend  that  your  Patronage  in  whatever  shape  you  may  please  to  Countenance  his  design,  is 
his  principal  object.    If  he  is  worthy  of  it  in  any  degree  my  recommendation  is  needless — His  ap- 

1  Jame8  Adair,  author  of  tho  Hittory  of  JImtrican  Indians,  London  4to,  1775. 


Ilk' 


m 


isa 


PAPEIIS  KKLATIRS  TO  THE  SIX   NATTOHt. 


I       i 


pMTance  may  not  be  ranch  in  his  favor  and  his  voluminous  Worlc  may  rather  be  deemed  Cnrioas 
than  entertaining,  but  lie  is  certainly  well  acquainted  with  the  Southern  Indians,  and  a  man  of 
Learning  tho  Rusticated  by  30  years  residence  in  a  Wild  Country — He  thinks  that  I  could  serve 
him  by  mentioning  him  to  you,  and  I  hope  that  his  importunity  in  consequence  of  that  opinion  will 
apologize  for  the  Liberty  I  have  taken  in  Giving  you  this  Trouble. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  WM.  SMITH. 

Johnson  Hall  Janr  3<>  1769. 

Sir  The  return  of  M'  M'CIay  afifords  me  a  good  opportunity  of  answering  your  favor  of  last  month 
on  the  subjects  yon  mention  on  some  of  which  M'  Peters  &  I  have  conversed,  and  to  whom  I  have 
wrote  fUlly  the  other  day  as  well  concerning  M'  Murray,  as  of  the  Two  Young  men  you  mention  for 
Orders  your  Sentiments  on  which  I  greatly  approve. 

I  long  since  informed  the  Society  that  if  his  Majestys  permission  was  obt<i  I  would  use  my  Interest 
to  get  a  valuable  Tract  of  Land  for  the  Church  but  have  never  since  received  any  thing  concerned  it, 
I  however  lately  secured  a  purchase  made  by  myself  for  these  purposes,  &  if  the  Society  will  use 
their  Interest  to  obtain  the  Boyal  Grant,  I  will  still  endeavor  to  get  a  large  purchase  to  the  North- 
ward where  the  Line  is  not  yet  Closed. 

.  M'.  Barton  and  yourself  may  be  well  assured  of  my  friendly  regards,  and  of  my  inclination  to  do 
you  any  good  office  in  my  power,  I  am  likewise  Sensible  of  your  care  of  my  Son,  and  your  good 
inolinations  towards  him,  and  wish  I  could  obtain  the  Tract  you  require  in  a  Convenient  place. 
The  Line  as  I  before  observed  is  not  closed  to  the  Northward  so  that  Lands  there  must  lye  till  his 
Mi^Jestys  pleasure  is  known,  and  for  the  rest  it  is  Ceded  to  the  King  by  the  late  Treaty,  so  that  it 
is  hard  to  know  what  will  be  the  Channell  for  Patents  in  future,  and  the  fees  here  are  Extremely 
high — at  the  late  Treaty  nothing  was  done  with  regard  to  Lands  but  what  related  to  the  boundary, 
or  had  been  before  determined  on,  should  any  Tract  answer  that  may  be  had  on  a  reasonable  lay, 
worthy  your  attention,  I  shall  be  very  Glad  to  serve  you  in  it.  I  am  much  obliged  by  the  honor 
done  me  in  Choosing  me  a  Member  of  the  Philosophical  Society,  and  altho'  my  Necessary  Avocations 
must  deprive  me  of  much  of  the  pleasure  I  might  otherwise  receive  as  one  of  that  Body.  I  cannot 
but  accept  it  with  many  thanks,  heartily  wishing  that  their  Institution  may  be  attended  with  that 
Utility  to  the  public  &  Reputation  to  the  founders  which  may  be  reasonably  expected  from  the 
Trausact°*  of  Gentlemen  who  apply  themselves  to  studies  of  sucii  Importance. 

Be  assured,  Sir,  of  the  perfect  Esteem  with  which  I  am  always.  &c. 

*,•  Rev  Dr.  Smith  to  whom  the  abovo  letter  is  addressed,  was  a  native  of  Scotland  and  graduated  at  Aberdeen  in  1747.  Ho 
th«n  Immigrated  to  this  country,  and  on  being  invited  to  take  charge  of  the  College  in  Philadelphia,  retnmed  to  England  and 
received  orders  in  the  church  of  England  in  December  1753.  In  May  following  he  was  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Philadelphia 
institution,  lie  revisited  EngUind  in  1759  when  the  degree  of  D.D.  was  conferred  on  him  by  the  University  of  Oxford.  After 
a  liflt  of  much  aseftilness  he  died  in  that  city  May  14.  1803,  aged  76  years.  His  works  hi  2  v.  8vo.  are  in  the  State 
Library.    Ed. 


!i 


PAFtBt   RKLATINO   TO  THK  aiK   MATIOKS. 


JOSEPH  CHEW  ESQ.  TO  SIK    .M.  JOHNSON. 


2S3 


New  London  Jun'y  24"«  1769. 

Dear  Sir  Nothing  could  make  me  so  bappy  as  to  hear  of  your  liealtli,  indeed  I  am  Extremely 
impatient  for  this  as  I  liave  not  heard  anytliing  from  the  Hnll  since  I  left  Albany. 

I  was  at  New  Haven  last  week  wliere  tlie  General  Assembly  of  this  Colony  were  setting  and  heard 
Col"  Dyer  make  his  application  to  tliem  for  a  Deed  of  the  sus(|uehanna  Lands — in  doing  this  he  was 
pleased  to  say  somethings  that  I  knew  were  not  true  and  informed  several  of  the  House  of  it  &  Could 
I  have  stayed  untill  he  Came  out  sliould  liave  told  him  so — I  iiuve  since  heaid  tlie  Assembly  did  not 
Clioose  to  give  any  Deed — One  Kecny  wlio  says  he  has  been  a  Missionary  or  Preacher,  with  the 
Indians  has  told  many  of  them  here  that  you  have  ordered  all  the  dissenters  out  of  the  Indian 
Country  and  will  sutler  none  but  Cliurch  men  to  preach  to  or  liave  any  thing  to  say  to  them- 
Numbers  of  the  Saints  have  applyed  to  me  I  informed  them  that  I  heard  the  Seneca  and  Onon- 
daga Sachems  say  none  of  them  siiould  Come  amongst  them  untill  tlie  Oneida's  grew  better  & 
Reformed  their  manners. 

Some  Gentlemen  that  may  be  depended  on  who  I  have  seen  within  tliese  few  days  from  fiostou 
Report  that  the  People  there  who  were  such  Hero's  in  Atigust  &  Sept.  last  are  now  under  the  most 
terrible  apprehensions  for  fear  of  being  Called  to  Great  Britain  by  virtue  of  a  Lord  Chief  Justices 
Warrant — Ibr  Calling  &  meeting  at  a  Famous  Convention  and  other  matters  of  the  same  Nature — 
Some  Letters  fi-om  London  Mention  that  Lord  George  Sackvile  is  talk't  of  to  succeed  M'  Barnard 
I  have  sent  you  with  the  Boston  papers  one  Published  in  this  Town  whicii  I  think  a  very  curious 
one  indeed  I  can't  help  being  of  opinion  that  the  Resolutions  of  this  Parliment  will  put  a  stop  to 
many  things  of  this  sort. 

I  have  wrote  two  or  three  Letters  to  Col*  Croghan  hut  have  not  had  an  answer — hope  my  good 
friends  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  Fort  Johnson  are  very  well  also  those  at  the  Hall  and  beg  my 
Respects  to  them — M'«  Chew  presents  hers  to  you  and  I  offer  all  the  good  wishes  in  my  Power  for 
your  health  &  Happiness  and  am  most  sincerely  and  Respectfully 

Dear  Sir  your  most  Obed'  &  Most  Hble  Serv» 

The  Honb'*  Sir  W"  Jolmson  Bar».  Jos  Chew. 


3  i 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

Johnson  Hall  Janr  25th  1769. 

Sir  I  am  to  thank  you  for  your  favor  of  the  4th  Inst,  and  for  the  particulars  you  communicated 
concerning  tlie  Conduct  of  the  Genileman  &  party  therein  mentioned,  relative  to  which  I  by  the 
same  post  received  some  fartlier  accounts  of  a  personal  Nature  wJiich  obliged  me  on  his  lately 
applying  for  my  Interest  at  tlie  ensuing  Election,  to  address  him  particularly  on  the  score  of  the 
Liberties  I  heard  he  had  taken,  which  in  a  letter  in  Answer  he  denys  and  explains  his  Conduct 
in  that  matter,  however  I  shall  take  the  first  opportunity  to  Let  him  know  something  more  of  my 
Mind  ;— 

As  to  the  present  Election  It  was  appointed  so  Suddenly  by  the  Sheriff  that  it  was  impossible  to 
Collect  the  Voters  of  this  extensive  County  particularly  as  the  roads  are  so  bad  &  the  Rivers 


fAfUMM   RKbATIMD  TO   THK  BIX   MATIOM. 

Impassible  it  being  a  very  uncommon  Season  in  these  parts,  besides  I  find  no  other  persons  inclined 
to  set  lip,  and  as  to  my  Son  tho'  he  is  very  much  obliged  to  his  friends  for  the  desire  they  Express 
in  his  favor,  it  is  a  Station  he  by  no  means  inclines  to.  I  imngine  that  tlie  new  Assembly  does  not 
promise  long  duration  for  if  they  talce  tlie  same  affuir  in  hands  I  presume  the  Gov  will  be  obliged  to 
dissolve  them  unless  these  matters  ai-e  settled  at  home  in  the  interim.  There  will  probably  be  more 
time  given  should  there  be  another  Election  soon,  &  some  persons  may  start  up  as  Candidates 
worthy  encouragem*,  but  I  have  had  sueh  long  Experience  of  the  Views  and  Interests  of  some 
partys  amongst  you,  tliat  I  imagine  one  or  two  Members  from  hence  however  otherwise  inclined 
would  prove  of  little  service  as  to  any  thing  to  be  done  in  the  House,  particularly  as  to  politicks,  in 
Matters  of  Religion  indeed,  the  Church  of  England  is  on  so  respectable  a  footing  at  New  York 
that  I  hope  &  have  reason  to  think  it  will  now  Succeed  &  that  it  will  Extend  itself  and  flourish,  to 
which  any  Consistent  endeavors  of  mine  that  might,  be  at  all  deemed  necessary  should  not  be  want- 
ing. As  to  the  person  you  particularly  Mention  he  applied  to  me  nt  his  first  entrance  into  tlie  House, 
&  as  I  had  nothing  then  to  urge  against  him,  I  made  no  Stirr,  nor  had  he  any  opponents,  If  his 
Conduct  since  will  Justify  me  I  shall  at  another  opportunity  do  what  Is  needfull,  as  I  have  the 
pleasure  to  find  that  a  Conduct  which  gives  me  inward  satisfaction  has  produced  me  an  Influence  & 
Interest  in  this  Country  of  which  it  is  not  in  their  power  to  deprive  me,  and  of  which  I  shall 
never  make  an  ill  use. 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 


INDIAN  PRAYER  BOOK  COMPLETED. 

Sir  This  you'll  receive  by  Col.  Croghan,  who  will  at  the  same  Time  deliver  you  one  of  the 
Indian  Common  Prayers  :  Agreeable  to  my  Promise  I  had  them  comp!*^  <.;*pd  by  Christmass,  and 
they  are  now  in  the  Hands  of  the  Binders,  and  I  expect  to  have  them  ready  to  send  up  by  the  first 
Sloops  that  go  up  in  the  Spring. 

On  Enquiry  I  found  that  no  Books  printed  in  the  Colonies,  could  be  sent  to  Great  Britain,  but 
at  a  very  great  Expence,  and  shall  therefore  endeavour  to  get  2  Dozen  done  here  in  Morroco,  which 
I  hope  to  get  compleated  to  Satisfaction.  The  Bible  and  other  Articles  you  wrote  for  shall  accom- 
pany the  Common  Prayers. 

The  Rev*'  M'  Ogilvie  says  he  must  have  at  least  half  Dozen  of  the  Common  Prayers,  which  he 
intends  for  some  of  his  Friends  in  England.  What  must  be  done  in  this  Case  1  I  only  wait  your 
Orders,  and  am  Sir 

Your  humble  Servant 

New-York  Feb.  2, 1769.  H.  Gaine. 


PAKH  KBLATIIIg  TO  TA>     JM  DATIMB  96fr 


CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  W^  JOilN^. 

Schenectady  25"«i''el)'>  17C0, 
Sir  On  Thursday  lust  we  Rec<>  the  inclosed  Letter,  by  which  you'll  uiidjrstand,  that  all  our 
Expectations,  as  to  M^^  Murray  are  at  an  End,  yoa  can't  inimagine  how  the  Disappointment  affects 
us,  and  will  be  attended  with  the  Consequences  of  losing  some  part  of  our  Congregation  by  their 
Joining  the  Dissenters,  as  they  have  provided  themselves  witli  a  Gentleman  wlio  is  niucli 
admired,  And  as  we  are  at  a  Loss  how  to  proceed  fartlier  ft*r  the  speedy  provision  of  a  Missionary, 
We  make  bold  to  Crave  your  Advice  how  to  act.  Last  Full  when  M'  Brown  was  in  New  York 
The  Rev<i  D'  Auchmuthy  told  him  in  Case  of  a  Disappointment  witli  M'  Murray,  that  lie  doubted 
not  but  that  (with  your  Approbation)  he  could  procure  us  a  Worthy  Gentleman.  We  liave  tlie 
pleasure  to  inform  you  that  we  Waited  on  the  Oovernour  when  last  here  and  Received  his  8ul)scrip- 
tion  money,  as  also  the  sum  of  £S  5«  from  Coll>  Morris.  We  are  informed  tliat  M'  Moffat  \viU  b« 
up  next  Week  to  go  on  with  the  Cluirch.    We  are  with  the  Greatest  Respect 

Sir  Your  most  Ob'  &  Humble  Servants 

Matthew  Lyre. 
John  Shec. 
Thomas  Arnold. 
Jw.  Brown. 
P.  S. — ^Pray  Excuse  haste. 


ft 


[Encloiure.] 

Reading  31  January  1769 
Sir  I  was  favoured  with  a  Joint  Letter  from  you,  Mess^*  Shee,  Brown  &  Curry  dated  2*1  Inst. 
But  never  Received  the  other  you  mention  of  Oct'  last,  or  woud  not  have  failed  so  far  in  Duty  & 
Respect  as  not  to  have  answered  it  immediately.  In  consequence  of  some  Letters  that  passed 
betwixt  Sir  William  Johnson  &  the  Rev>i  D'  Smith  of  Philadi^  I  wrote  tlie  Society  in  January  last  for 
leave  to  Remove  to  Schenectady,  &  accordingly  obtained  their  Consent  Summer  last :  Biit  hearing 
nothing  in  the  Interim  from  the  People  as  I  expected  from  wliat  D'  Smith  wrote  S*  William  when 
I  applied  the  Society,  I  was  obliged  to  drop  all  farther  thoughts  of  that  Mission,  &  Signified  to 
the  Society  in  September  last,  that,  as  matters  thus  stood,  they  shoud  not  postpone  the  Settlement 
of  it  on  my  account.  And  since  then  I  have  entered  into  a  married  State,  which  woud  make  a 
Removal  so  far  as  to  Schenectady  very  inconvenient,  &  the  Salary  there  won'd  be  very  unequal  to  the 
Expence  of  supporting  a  Family  :  However  I  am  much  indebted  you  for  your  kind  Invitation,  & 
sincerely  wish  you  may  be  soon  provided  in  a  Wortliy  Missionary,  &  am  with  all  Gratitude  &  Esteem 

Sir  Your  most  obliged  and  very 

Affectionate  Friend  &  Serv* 

Alex*  Murray. 


tM 


PAPUt   MEiaTINO   TO  TIIK  IIX   MATIOM. 


1    i| 
1 


PASS  TO  MESSRS  DANFORTH  &  WILLARD, 

or   CAMIRIUOE   TO  OBIRRVB  THB  TRAIfMIT    OF   VStTUt. 

By  HlK  Excellency  The  Honorable  Thomai  Oage,  General  and  Commander  In  Chief 
of  all  Hit  MiOesty'd  Forces  In  North  America,  &ca,  &ca,  &ca, 

To  the  otflcers  Commanding  at  Fort  Ontario^  JVtagara,  Fort  Krii,  Dttroit  9r 
Miuilimakinnk, 
WiicREAa,  Mess'*  Danforth  and  WiUard,  Professors  of  the  Mathematicks,  are  going  to  observe  tlie 
transit  of  Venus  In  Lake  Superior ;  The  officers  commanding  as  abovementioned  at  and  on  the 
Communication  to  MissiUmakiiiuk,  are  required  to  treat  them  with  ull  such  Convenience  as  their 
respective  Posts  will  aflTord,  and  to  give  all  such  aid  and  assistance,  as  mny  be  in  their  Power  to 
forwanl  tlie  nt>ovenientioned  Gentlemen,  tlielr  Attendance  &ca  with  Dispatcli  ttom  Post  to  Pust 
to  the  Place  of  tlieir  Destination :  And  should  any  of  the  Vessels  be  out  or  not  in  readiness  to 
proceed,  upon  their  arrival  at  any  of  the  Posts,  they  are  immediately  to  be  accommodated  witli  lioats 
and  proper  Crews  to  row  them  across  the  Lake  where  this  sliall  happen. 

Tiie  ollicer  Commanding  at  Missilimakinnk,  is  Airther  required  to  acquaint  the  Indians,  with  the 
design  of  these  Gentlemen  proceeding  to  Lake  Superior,  to  reconcile  tliein  to  their  Intdi.Mons  and  to 
prevent  any  Jealousy  that  might  be  conceived  by  tliem,  eltlier  from  their  Errand^  or  tlij  use  of  the 
Instruments  they  carry  along  with  them  :  He  is  likewise  to  Endeavor,  to  engage  some  of  tlie  Indians 
Inhabiting  Lake  Superior  to  attend  them,  and  protect  them  from  any  Insulti  tliat  may  be  oilered 
them,  by  any  straggling  Indians  tliey  may  meet  with  on  tlie  Lake  fur  wliich  service  the  above  Gentle- 
men will  make  tlie  Indians  who  attend  them  a  reasonable  Present. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal 
at  Head  Quarters  in  New  York,  |l.  ».  ] 

tills  17""  Day  of  March,  17C9 
By  his  Excellency's  Command  Tiios.  Gagk. 

G.  Maturin  Jr. 


*,*  Great  preparations  were  made  to  observe  the  above  Transit,  (which  was  to  take  place  on  Sd  June  1701),)  as  another 
would  not  occur  until  1874.  It  was  observed  on  this  continent,  by  Samuel  Holland,  Esq.  at  Quebec;  by  T.  Wright,  at  Isle 
au  Condrc;  by  Prof.  Jno.  Wlnthrop,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.;  by  Joseph  Brown,  at  Providence,  R.  I.;  by  Rev.  Dr.  Smith,  at 
Philadelphia;  by  Messrs.  Biddle  and  Bailey  at  Lewlston,  Del.;  by  John  Leeds,  at  Annapolis,  Md.j  by  Messrs.  Wales  and 
Oymond,  on  the  N.  W.  coast  of  Hudson's  Bay;  and  by  Abb<  Chapp<!  at  Calirornla.  Dr.  Harris  of  Cambridge  Informs  me, 
that  TiioMis  DAMroBTn,  mentioned  alwve,  was  probably  the  son  of  Hon.  Judge  Samuel  Danforth,  of  Cambridge,  (Saml.  was 
son  of  Rev.  John,  of  Dorchester,  and  Rev.  John  was  son  of  Rev.  Saml.  of  Roxbury — all  distinguislied  for  mathematical 
attainments.)— graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1702,  was  Tutor  there  fk'om  1766  to  1768,  settled  as  a  lawyer  in  Charlcstown, 
Mass.,  and  died  In  1820.  Joseph  Willaio  graduated  at  Harvard  College,  1766,  was  Tutor  1766  to  1772,  and  afterwards 
President  of  the  College.  He  died  In  1804.  It  is  not  known  whether  these  gentlemen  went  to  Hicbillmakinac ;  I  can  find 
nothing  of  their  Journey  thither  in  print.— Eo. 


JOHN  BAND  TO  REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

Reverend  Sir  deceiving  Information  that  last  Week  you  being  in  Company  with  several  Rev" 
Gentlemen  :  some  one  taking  Occasion  to  speak  of  my  being  in  the  Province  &  of  my  Design  witli 
respect  to  A  Living,  there  appeared  in  yourself  &  others,  A  willingness  to  countenance  me  in  my 
undertakings.    Verily  S'  there  are  no  Favours  which  I  so  gratefully  notice  as  tiiose  of  this  Kind. 


V)     t 


Ai  to  my  leaving  tl^o  School  at  Rye,  tu  eugnge  in  Ute  UUQO  employ  at  Fort  Johnson,  I  am  pleated 
with  the  Motion, — mangre  tjie  Coniidrration  of  Salary  in  one  Place  k  the  other  :  hopeing  tliat 
my  U<-moval  thitht>r  may  be  favorable  to  my  Design  of  entering  into  Holy  Orders:  for  wliicli  utllce 
may  I  ho  better  prepared— I  am  now  engaged  by  the  Rev>'  M'  Avery  in  the  Service  of  tlie  S«jclety 
for  propagating  the  Gosplo  in  foreign  Parts— from  which  Venerable  Society  I  understand  tliut  you 
S'  have  Instructions  with  Kespect  to  Fort  Juhnson, — Now  all  things  considered  it  is  my  Uesulve 
witli  Uespect  to  leaving  Ky«  to  hearken  to  yours  &  Mr.  Avery's  Advice  and  thut  no  one  havo 
Occasion  to  repent  of  favor  granted  to  me  shall  be  the  steady  purpose  of  your  humble  servant 
Kye  April  3.  17G0.  John  Rand. 

To  the  RevJ  D'.  Achmuly 

P.  S.  Rev*i  Sir,  in  the  above  Letter  you  have  M'  Rand's  sentiments  respecting  Sir  William  Jo1in> 
ions  Uetpiest — Mr.  Rand  is  complaisant  enough  to  leave  tiie  whole  affair  to  our  Judgment  and  will 
chearfully  comply  with  our  Directions,  please  therefore  to  act  your  own  Discretion  letting  me  know, 
very  soon  (by  a  Line)  your  Determination,  kind  Respects  to  M'*  Auchmuty  and  Family  conclude 
me,  Rev<i  Sir, 

Tour  Friend  and  Brother 

Ephm  At 


irith 
Imy 

liul. 


REV.  HARRY  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Sir, 

Being  just  now  returned  from  New  York,  I  beg  Leave  to  send  you  inclosed  a  Letter  fi'om 
Doctor  Auchmuty. 

I  am  sorry  that  my  unexpected  Journey  did  put  it  out  of  my  Power  to  wait  on  the  Indians  at 
Easter,  as  I  Intended,  but  my  Business  was  so  urgent,  that  I  am  persuaded  you  will  readily  excuse 
me.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  you  Sir,  if  you  will  acquaint  the  Indians,  that  I  am  now  ready  to 
wait  on  them  ;  on  Trinity  Sunday,  being  the  Twenty  fii-st  of  May.  If  that  Day  will  not  Suit,  I 
will  wait  Upon  them  on  the  Seventli  of  May,  being  the  Sunday  next  before  Whitsunday.  You 
will  please  Inform  me  by  first  opportunity,  wliat  time  will  be  most  Agreeable  to  you,  &  I  will 
endeavour  to  come  up  accordingly  ;  but  whitsunday  you  know,  is  a  particular  festival  on  which 
I  must  administer  the  Sacrement  to  my  Congregation  at  Albany,  very  little  News  at  New  York  ; 
The  Packet  was  not  arrived.  M'  Cruger  is  chosen  Speaker  in  the  Assembly,  to  the  no  Small 
mortification  of  a  certain  Party,  who  have  lost  Ground  not  only  in  New  York,  but  in  Philad*  likewise 
have  lately  received  a  mortal  wound. 

1  Rev.  Ephbaim  Avkrt,  of  PorafVet,  Conn.,  obtained  the  dcgiee  of  A.  B.  from  Yale  College,  and  in  1767  received  thot  of 
Master  of  Arts  from  the  King's  College,  New  York.  His  mother,  it  is  said,  was  Deborah  Avery,  afterwards  wife  of  John 
Gardiner,  of  Gardiner's  Island,  and  subsequently  married  to  Major  Gen.  Putnam.  Mr.  Avery  succeeded  Mr.  Funderson  a* 
minister  of  Rye  in  17C6,  and  continued  in  charge  of  that  church  until  the  Revolution,  when  he  became  so  obnoxious  to  the 
whigs  that  his  horses  were  seized,  his  cattle  driven  off  and  bis  property  plundered.  He  died  6  November  1776.  General 
Pntnam'i  wife  died  in  1777,  at  Head  quaiUra  in  the  Highlands,  and  was  interred  in  Beverly  Robtnion'a  fkmily  vault. — Boltov. 


■i. 

,  it 

-I 
.a 

■1 


Voi-.  IV. 


88 


!S;! 


858 


rAVBIUi   BXIJLT.*NO  TO  TUB  SU  NATION!. 


Doctor  Chandler  has  received  several  Letters  A*om  the  Bishops  &  other  dignified  Clergy,  approving 
of  liis  appeal ;  He  desires  me  to  present  liis  best  Respects  to  Sir  William  Johnson.  He  is  now 
publishing  a  Vindication  of  the  appeal,  and  is  to  Send  Sir  William  a  Copy. 

Please  to  accept  my  best  Respects,  and  am  with  great  Regard 

Honourable  Sir,  Your  most  Oltedient  Servant 
Albany  12*''  April  17C9.  Harry  Munro. 

P.  S.  My  best  Regards,  if  you  please,  to  Sir  John,  Col'  Johnson,  Col'  Claus,  M'.  Grace,  &  M' 
Dailey.    adieu. 

*,•  The  Rev.  Harry  Munro  wag  born  in  1729.  lie  was  the  son  of  Dr  Robert  Munro  of  Dingwall  whose  father  was  Alex- 
ander Munro,  Laird  of  Killiclioan,  in  Rosxbire,  grandson  of  Sir  Robert  Munro  8d  baronet,  and  24th  baron  of  Fuwlis  in 
Inverness.  Uis  mother  was  Ann  Munro  of  Feanourd  a  distant  cousin  of  her  liusband.  Being  the  second  son  of  the  Laird 
of  Killichoan  his  father  was  bred  a  surgeon  and  in  that  capacity  joined  Lord  Loudon's  army  in  1745,  and.  died  the  next  year 
from  injuries  received  in  that  campaign,  leaving  two  sons,  Harry  and  Alexander  Munro.  Harry  was  then  a  lad  of  1ft,  ic 
shortly  after  his  father's  death  entered  the  University  of  St  Andrews.  After  taking  the  usual  degrees  of  Bachelor,  k  Master 
of  Arts,  he  studied  Divinity  in  Edinburgh.  In  1757  he  was  admitted  to  orders  in  the  Kirk  of  Scotland,  Je  appointed  Chaplain 
to  the  77th  Regiment  of  foot  commanded  by  Col.  Montgomery;  he  accompanied  that  regiment  to  America  in  1759,  and 
•erved  with  it  to  the  close  of  the  French  war.  On  the  ret  am  of  Peace  he  resided  mostly  at  Princeton,  New  Jersey.  A 
change  now  came  over  his  theological  views,  and  he  embraced  episcoi>acy.  He  was  accordingly  reccmmendrd  fur  orders  by 
a  Convention  of  the  clergy  of  that  denomination  which  met  at  Perth  Amboy  on  20th  Sept  1704,  and  he  sailed  for  England  in 
the  course  of  the  month  of  December  following.  He  returned  to  America  the  next  Spring  with  an  appointment  from  the 
Soc  :  for  prop  :  the  Gospel  to  St  John's  Church,  Yonkers,  of  which  he  was  the  first  Pastor — He  was  connected  two  years 
with  this  church,  and  was  appointed  in  1767,  Minister  of  St.  Peter's  Albany,  of  which  church  he  took  charge  on  the  20 
March  1708.  In  1773,  King's  Coll  :  New  York  conferred  the  degree  of  A.M.  on  him.  In  the  summer  of  1775,  he  resigned  the 
rectorship  of  St  Peter's  on  the  alleged  ground  of  ill  health,  and  moved  to  Hebron  in  Washington  County  where  he  owned  a 
considerable  tract  of  land.  Like  many  other  of  the  clergy  of  the  church,  he  was  considered  nt  the  commencement  of  the 
Revolution  an  enemy  to  the  liberties  of  America.  He  applied  personally  in  Augnst  1776  to  the  Albany  Committee  for  a  Pass 
to  go  to  New  Jersey  or  Pennsylvunia,  l)nt  tliis  was  refliscd  ;  he  obtained  permission  the  following  year,  to  remove  to 
Canada  and  at  the  close  of  the  war  returned  to  Scotland,  became  Rector  of  a  church  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  died  in  the 
year  1801,  aged  71  years.    Ho  is  buried  in  tlie  West  Church  yord  of  St  Cuthberts  church  of  that  city. 

Tiio  Revd.  Mr.  Munro  was  marrliil  three  timos.  His  first  wife  was  tlio  widow  of  an  officer  of  his  own  regiment.  She  died 
In  child  bed  within  a  year  after  their  marriage,  leaving  one  child  named  Elizabeth,  afterwards  Mrs.  Fisher,  who  died  lately  in 
Montreal.  In  1762,  the  revd  Mr.  M.  married  Miss  Stockton  of  Princeton  N.  J.  grand  aunt,  it  Is  supposed,  of  Con.  Stockton, 
U.  S  Senate.  This  lady  died  in  the  autumn  of  1701,  leaving  an  infant  who  survived  its  mother  but  a  few  weeks.  On  his 
removal  to  Yonkers  in  1765,  ho  married  his  third  wife  Evo,  eldest  daughter  of  Ch.  Just.  Jay.  Tliis  lady  died  in  1810, 
leaving  one  son.  Peter  Jay  Munro,  a  distinguislied  member  of  the  bar,  and  one  of  the  framers  of  the  Constitution  of  this  State 
of  1822.    Peter  J.  M.  died  22.  Sept  1833,  aged  06  ycors.     Letter  of  E.  F.  De  Lancey,  Esq. 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON 

Sir  Your  favour  of  tlie  14th  Instant  is  now  before  me.  I  am  very  sorry  the  Common  Prayer 
Bool{s  could  nut  have  been  sent  sooner.  The  Fault  was  not  mine,  but  the  Bookbinders,  out  of  whose 
Hands  I  could  not  get  them  before  the  Middle  of  March,  and  then  only  283,  wliich  I  sent  you  the 
first  Instant,  with  all  the  other  Articles  you  wrote  for  that  could  be  obtained  in  this  City.  The 
Prayer  Boolts  tliat  aro  to  be  bound  in  Monoco,  must  be  delayed  for  some  Time,  as  I  must  send  to 
Boston  for  the  Leather;  and  when  compleated  shall  be  sent  with  the  account  of  the  whole. 

The  Laws  of  last  Session  were  sent  you  by  Post,  as  soon  as  finished,  but  I  suppose  have  been 
lout  by  some  Means  or  other  in  Albany:  I  by  this  Opportunity  send  you  another  Set,  which  I  hope 


tATCM   DELATING  TO  TBI  SIX  MATIOm. 


SM 


trill  go  safe  to  Hand,  as  also  the  Votes  to  the  18th  Instant,  since  which  none  have  been  printed,  and 

shull  continue  the  latter  regulai-ly  by  every  Post. 

Bayles  General  Diotlunory  is  not  to  be  liad  in  this  Place,  but  shall  send  to  London  for  them  as 

soon  as  we  are  permitted  to  import  any  Goods  from  that  Part  of  the  World.    And  am.  Sir,  in  the 

mean  Time 

Your  Obliged  humble  Servant 

Now- York       )  ,  H.  Gaink. 

AprU22, 1769.  J 


f'- 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ.  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Great  Sire  Tho'  I'm  just  on  y«  point  of  returning  southwardly,  by  y«  way  of  Philadelphia ;  yet 
my  gratitude  &  intense  aifeotiou  incite  me  to  send  you  these  lines  in  return  for  y'  kindness  to  me 
at  y  hospitable  Hall ;  And  for  y»  kindly  patronage  of  my  weak  &  honest  productions,  on  y«  Origin 
of  y*  Indian  Americans.  All  ranks  of  y*  learned,  here,  liave  subscribed  to  their  being  publish'd 
in  London,  a  Imlf  year,  lience  ;  And  y*  two  volumes,  Octavo,  w*"  they  consist  of,  I  do  myself  y« 
particular  honour,  t^'om  an  innate  generous  principle,  to  dedicate  to  you  &  Sir  Henry  Moore ;  For  tho' 
he  has  not  seen  y*  manuscripts,  yet,  on  y"  strong  recommendations  of  y«  Letirued,  lie  has  patronised 
me,  both  here,  and  in  y"  I^lttuds,  and  every  where  else,  that  his  gtx)d  nature  &  pliilosophic  temper 
cou'd  think  of.  My  great  Hyberuian  Mecoenas  as  yo've  approved  of  my  Indian  performance,  from  y' 
own  knowledge  and  accurate  observations,  I'm  fully  perswaded,  that,  upon  my  soUicitation,  you'll 
take  some  convenient  opportunity  to  recommend  me  to  ye  notice  of  Lord  Hillsborough,  y  friends 
in  Ireland,  &c.  For,  You  know,  I  came  from  y*  Southward,  on  purpose  to  apply  to  y  friendly 
mediation,  of  which  General  Gage  has  taken  notice,  on  the  account,  as  I'm  informed  by  the  Clergy, 
of  certain  (supposed)  Stuart's  principles.  Opposition  makes  honest  men,  only,  the  more  intent  * 
and  tiler's  a  certain  time  for  every  thing ;  As  y*  two  letters  I  did  myself  y«  pleasure  to  write  to 
you,  from  y'  place,  suilicieutly  indicate,  according  to  my  opinion. 

Please  to  excuse  y*  hurry'd-olF  scroll  and  to  give  my  sincere  &  lasting  respects  to  y»  hon<» 
extensive  family,  one  by  one  ;  and  to  accept  the  same,  from. 

Great  Sire  yf  obliged,  &  very  devoted  Hbi*  Serv* 

N.  York  April  30*>>  ann  1769.  James  Adaib. 


m 


m  I 

t;'i9|,.  :    i 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ*  TO  SIR  W«  JOHNSON. 

Sire,  About  a  month  ago,  I  did  myself  y*  pleasure  of  writing  to  you,  both  in  complyance  to  y» 
kindly  request,  and  my  own  ardent  inclination.  And,  now,  I  re-assume  it,  returning  you  ray  most 
hearty  thanks,  for  your  oivlllties  and  favours  of  each  kind. 

In  a  great  measure,  I  ascribe  to  you  my  Meecenas,  that  y"  Rev*"  Mess"  Inglis  and  Ogilvie,y«  Profes- 
sors of  y*  College,  and  a  good  many  of  y»  Learned,  here,  including,  in  a  very  particular  manner,  the 
good-humourd,  the  sensible,  the  gay,  y«  witty,  &  polite,  Sir  Henry  Moore,  have  taken  me  into  their 
patronage ;  Tho'  I'm  sorry  to  say,  that  Genfi  Gage  paid  so  little  regard  to  y  friendly  letter  in  my 
behalf,  as  not  to  order  his  Aid  de  Camp  to  introduce  me  when  I  called  to  wait  of  him.    Indeed  he 


^iPEks  BiLATiiio  TO  thIb  six  RATitflta. 

fliibscribed  for  two  Setts  of  my  Indian  Essays  and  History  :  And  so  do  several  other  6en*  on  account 
of  their  reputed  merit ;  for  }•  liearned  applaud  y*  performance.  In  short,  Sir,  I  look  down,  with  a 
philosophic  eye,  on  that,  or  any  such,  neglect  as  a  most  imaginary  trifle ;  Especially,  if  what  I 
said  to  a  curious  &  inquisitive  Son  of  Caledonia,  concerning  y*  well-known  mismanagement,  & 
ill  situation,  of  our  Indian  affairs,  Avestwardly,  should  have  occasioned  it ;  For  truth  will  prevail, 
when  painted  with  its  genuine  honest  colours. 

In  y«  llistoricalpart,  I  shall  putmysell'undery'mostfrlendly  patronage,  and  y' of  Sir  Henry  Moore, 
and  do  tuyself  y«i)arliculur  I'avour  of  writing  to  eacli  of  you,  from  y«  southward,  before  I  sett  off  to 
Engliiiul,  next  summer.  As  His  Excellx  has  .">ot  only  induced  y"  Hon^ie  members  of  His  Majestys 
Council  to  give  a  sanction  to  my  performance,  and  engaged  to  perswade  y*  Comons  House  of  Assem- 
bly to  follow  their  Copy ;  But,  likewise  to  continue  to  take  in  subscriptions,  till  yo  Books  are 
published,  and  remit  me  a  Bill, on y*  agent, at  London,as  soon  as  he  has  heard,  by  y^  public  accounts, 
of  tlieir  being  in  tiie  Press  ;  I'm  hopefull,  you'll  be  pleased  to  excuse  my  freedom  of  infolding,  in 
this,  a  New- York  printed  Proposal ;  and  that  y'  patriotic  temper  will  incite  You  to  shew  it  to  such 
Lovers  of  letters,  as  frequent  your  Hall,  in  order  to  gain,  ai  least,  nominal  subscriptions,  and  give 
a  sanction  to  the  treatise  in  Europe  ;  Likewise,  y*  when  I  do  myself  y«  honour  of  writing  to  you, 
again,  you'll  be  so  kind  as  to  remit  me  their  names,  at  London,  according  to  request. 

I've  room  to  be  pretty  certain,  that  four  of  y  learned  friends,  here  ;  viz,  the  Rev*  Doctor  Acmody, 
the  Rev'i  Doctor  Cooper,  and  y«  RevJ  Mess"  Inglis  &  Ogilvie,  A.  M.  will,  thro'  a  true  benevolence 
of  heart,  recommend  me  to  the  notice  of  y«  President  of  y«  Society  for  propogatiiig  y«  Gospel,  in 
order  to  obtain  a  missionary  for  our  old  friendly  Chickosahs  ;  and  likewise,  th*ir  patronage  in  y« 
publication  of  my  Indian  work.  When  you're  writing  to  my  Lord  Hillsborough,  should  y  own 
public  spirit  induce  you  to  recommend  me  to  his  patronage,  it  would  prove  a  great  advance  towards 
obtaining  satisfaction  for  what  y*  Governm'  is  indebted  me.  That,  &  yo  like,  I  leave  to  y  own 
kindness  of  heart,  which  always  leads  and  directs  you,  in  support  of  a  generous  cause. 

Please  to  give  my  most  hearty  respects  to  y^  cheerful  and  most  promising  favourite  son,  Sir  John, 
to  y*  gay,  y"  kindly,  &  y«  witty  Col'  Jolmson,  to  his  discreet  &  most  amiable  Lady,  &  their  pretty 
little  Sheelah  Grab,  who  is  y«  lovely  and  lively  picture  of  them  both ;  To  all  yours.  One  by  one ; 
To  Col'  Class  &  his  Lady  ;  To  y«  Gen'  with  you,  &" ;  and  to  accept  y"  same,  from. 

Great  Sir  Y'  very  obliged  &  most  Hi"'*  Serv» 
(Endorsed)    M'  James  Adairs  letter  supposed  to  be  wrote  James  Adair. 

in  April  or  March  rec*  18"«  of  April  1769. 
Ans<>  May  10«J>  1769. 


Mil  I 


i^lii 


i      1 


i 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  JAMES  ADAIR. 

Johnson  hall  May  iO<i>  1769. 
Sir,  I  have  received  two  of  your  Letters  since  your  departure,  a  third  which  you  speak  of, 
never  came  to  hands,  but  from  the  others  I  find  with  pleasure  that  you  have  met  with  the  Counte- 
nance &  patronage  of  the  Gentlemen  you  mention  &  I  sincerely  wish  they  may  prove  of  Service  to 
you,  tlio'  I  am  concerned  that  you  met  with  any  neglect  from  tlie  quarter  you  speak  of  however  I 
am  hopefull  that  the  protection  you  have  hitherto  found  will  prove  a  good  introduction  to  your 
Curious  performance,  &  that  its  publication  will  tend  to  your  ripiitation  &  Inten  st,  to  which  I 


i      i 


l^i!p^  'a^Lkr^  rb  tkiE  itk  kA-nb^. 


iMl 


shall  gladly  Contribute  as  far  as  in  me  Lyes.  I  am  obliged  to  yoii  for  your  Intentions  respecting 
the  Dedication,  which  I  should  chuse  to  decline  but  that  I  would  not  disappoint  your  $;ood  inten- 
tions, tlio'  I  would  check  the  flowings  of  a  friendly  pen  which  unrestrained  m'^ht  go  farther  tliau 
is  consistent  with  my  inclinations. 

I  return  you  yoiur  printed  proposals,  Subscribed  to  by  myself  &  family  witli  Two  or  Three  others, 
which  are  as  many  as  I  have  hitherto  had  an  opportunity  of  Laying  them  l>efore,  &  the  time  you 
spent  in  these  parts  has  enabled  you  I  presume  to  know  enough  of  its  Inhabitants  not  to  he 
Surprised  tliat  a  Work  of  that  Nature  sho^  meet  with  such  Small  encouragement.  Sir  John.  Col. 
Johnson  &c  thank  you  kindly  for  the  manner  in  which  you  liave  remembered  tliem  heartily  wishing 
you  success,  &  be  assured  that  I  shall  be  glad  to  serve  you  in  your  undertiiking  as  well  as  to  hear 
of  your  prosperity  being  Sir, 

Your  real  Well  Wisher  &  very  humble  Servt 

Mr.  James  Adair. 


:■"«'■ 


^J 


LIST 


Richard  Toung 
Peter  Young 
Ileiidrick  Young 
Richard  Cotter 
Hendrick  Rynniou 
James  Mordon 
Daniel  Cammel 
Samuel  Davis 
Reneir  Vansiclan 
Jacob  Veder 
Randel  M'Donald 
John  Foilyard 
Peter  Rynnion 
Peter  Potman 
Jacob  Doran 
David  Doran 


OF  SCHOLARS  AT  THE  FREE 

Jeromy  Doran 
Adam  M'Donnald 
Abraham  Boice 
Caleb  MCarty 
Hendrick  Collinger 
Jacob  Servos 
John  Servos 
John  Miller 
James  MGregar 
George  Binder 
Christian  Rider 
Bernard  Rider 
Simeon  Scouten 
Francis  Bradthau 
John  Everot 


SCHOOL,  JOHNSTOWN 

Sarah  Connor 
Leny  Rynnion 
Betsey  Garlick 
Baby  Garlick 
Rebecca  Vansiclan 
Caty  Cammel 
Caty  Garlick 
Mary  M'lutyre 
Peggy  Potman 
Eve  Waldroir 
Caty  Waldroff 
Leny  WaldroflF 
Margaret  Servos 
Catharine  Servos 

Males  &  Females-^5. 


MOHAWK  SCHOOL  AT  FORT  HUNTER. 

Began  to  Open  School  April  y«  IT*  1769. 
Aug*  28«i>  1769    A  List  of  The  Indians  Children  belonging  to  the  Free  School  at  Fort  Hunter  near 

the  Mohawk  River  in  the  County  of  Albany  and  Province  of  New  York  with 

their  Tribes. 
Bear  Tribe  David,  David,  Abraham,  John,  Jacob,  Peter,  Joseph,  Adam,  Brant,  Kreenas,  Johannes, 

Peter,  Nellithe  Nellithe  (Females) 15 

Wolf  Tribe  Thomas,  Paul,  Jacob,  John,  Daniel,  Catharine,  Susanna,  Catharine.  (Females) . .     8 
Turtle  Tribe  Isaac,  Joseph,  Daniel,  Jacob,  Tliomas  Christianna,  Catharine.  (Females) 7 

Total 30 

Pr  Me  Colin  Mc[Leland]  Schoolmaster. 

8'.  Aocording  to  your  Direction,  I  have  sent  your  Honour  this  List. 


'I    i, 


S68 


PAPCB*  RKLATIirO  TO  TBB  KX  MATIOM. 


HUGH  GAINE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir  At  last  I  have  been  able  to  send  you  tlie  Remainder  of  the  Common  Prayer.  I  am  sorry 
they  have  been  delayed  so  long,  but  I  assure  you  it  was  not  in  my  Power  to  send  them  sooner,  the 
Delay  being  occasioned  by  tlic  want  of  Morroca  Leather 

Inclosed  you  have  your  own  Account,  as  also  the  whole  Expence  of  the  Common  Prayers, 
bindiirg,  Paper,  &c.  which  I  hope  you'll  think  reasonable.  Had  it  been  English,  the  Printing  Work 
could  Jiot  have  been  done  cheaper.  I  have  not  charged  you  with  tlie  News-Paper,  as  I  am  at  a 
loss  to  know  when  you  began,  but  I  imagine  'tis  not  less  than  10  years  This,  Perhaps  you  can 

remember  youi-self,  as  the  same  is  quite  luiknown  to 

Sir  Your  humble  Servant 
New- York  )  H.  Gaine 

August  31,  1769.  5 


JAMES  ADAIR  ESQ.  TO  SIR  Wm  JOHNSON. 

Hon''!  •  Sire.  As  y  kindly  temper  and  public  spirit  invited  me  to  write  to  you,  (exactly  after  y« 
manner  Sir  Henry  Moore  did,  with  regard  to  myself )  in  what  manner  you  could  be  of  any  service 
to  me,  at  London,  I  make  free  to  inform  you,  that,  next  April,  I  set  oil'  from  this  metropolis  of 
Georgia-Colony,  to  London,  in  order  to  get  my  Indian  Productions  published,  there,  under  y  auspi- 
cious patronage ;  And,  as  you  firmly  believ'd,  according  to  my  creed,  that  general  Licences  are 
utterly  destructive  to  y«  Indian  trade,  and  our  barrier  settlements  and  Colonies,  by  allowing  such 
prodgious  niibers  of  worthless  trading  Pedlars,  as  can  give  security  for  conforming  to  y"  rules 
of  trade,  both  to  overstock  it,  corrupt  y*  Indians  by  trusting  them  twice  more  than  they  can  pay  : 
then  perpexing  them  for  y*  effect  of  their  own  indiscretion,  and  betraying  ye  Secrets  of  Government, 
&c  &c  I'm  hopeful  you'll  recommend,  in  concert  with  Govern'  Wright  &  Lieu'  Govern'  Bull,  to 
y*  Lords  of  trade,  if  it  lyes  in  their  sphere  of  action,  a  total  abrogation  of  that  most  pernicious 
custom  of  granting  Licences ;  Without  which,  'tis  y*  universal  opinion  of  all  us,  who  have  gain'd 
sufficient  skill  in  Indian  affairs,  that,  when  the  Creeks  have  made  peace  with  y«  Chocktah  nation, 
they'll  fall  on  our  valuable  weak  Colony  of  Georgia,  as  they  despise  us  like  tame  helpless  dung- 
hill fowls,  and,  in  their  usual  set  speeches,  and  bacchanal  days,  term  us  so,  by  having  been  passively 
allowed,  for  these  nine  years  past,  to  shed  under  y«  greatest  security,  a  torrent  of  y«  innocent  crying 
blood  of  valuable  british  Subjects,  to  y«  shame  and  discredit  of  every  tie  of  social  union. 

If,  along  with  y«  former,  y  own  kindly  temper  &  love  of  ye  public  good  should  incite  you  to 
write  any  thing,  in  my  behalf,  to  my  Lord  Hillsborough  or  y*  Lords  of  trade  and  remit  it  to  me 
directed  either  to  y*  care  of  James  Parsons  Esq'  Attorney  at  Law,  in  Charlestown  ;  or  to  that  of 
Mess'*  Tellfair,  merch'*  or  M'  Johnson,  Printer,  in  Savannah,  I  shou'd  readily  receive  it :  And  it 
wou'd  be  of  great  service  to  me  ;  For  your  interest  is  very  great,  in  London. 

I'm  hopeful,  Sir,  that  both  you  and  every  one  of  y'  extensive  &  very  respectable  Family  are  well : 
and  may  the  divine  bountiful  goodness,  always,  preserve  ye,  so.  Be  so  kind  as  to  present  to  each 
of  them,  one  by  one,  niy  continual  sincere  well-wishes,  and  very  humble  respects  ;  and  to  accept 

of  j«  same  from.     Hon'*'''  Sir, 

Your  much  obliged  &  very  obed'  Hi>'«  Serv' 
Savannah  9i>'  15(>>  An  :  1769.  James  Adair. 


9AWKMM  RSLATIMO  TO  THI  SIX  MATIOIM. 


868 


GEORGE  CROGHAN  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

New  York  Nov>>'  16  :  1769. 

Dear  Sir  the  Bearer  M'  WiUiam  Andrews*  is  a  young  Hentleman  bread  up  to  tlie  Cliurch  well 
Recommended  w**  you  will  find  by  M'  Achmuty'  Leters  and  is  a  Relation  of  M'  Campble*  in 
Schenectady  M'  Achmuty  is  of  opinion  that  albany  &  Sch&nectady  should  be  butt  one  Living  att  that 
M'.  Monrow  sliould  have  it  and  this  Gentleman  lie  preposed  for  y,  Town  &  the  Mohocks  I  have  been 
pressc*  on  by  Several  Gentlemen  hear  to  Write  y»  honour  with  this  Gentleman  and  hope  you  will 
Excuse  the  Lilwrty  I  take  in  Do  itt,  for  tho  I  Love  y«  church  very  well  I  know  I  ought  Nott 
to  Medle  with  Church  Maters  I  think  he  is  a  Modest  Young  Man  &  one  w>>  you  May  bring  up  To 
answer  the  Discription  of  Such  a  Won  as  you  formerly  Chose  only  he  has  No  Wife  But  tliat  want  your 
honour  No  Doubt  Soon  Suply  liim  with  of  the  fruitful]  Loanes  of  your  Estate. 

I  Iiave  seen  the  Gineral  Several  Times  Since  I  came  to  Town  he  has  No  Late  News  of  any  Dis- 
turbence  to  y*  Westward  biUt  Says  itts  Expected  that  some  broyles  will  hapen  in  y"  Spring  he  Dose 
Nott  See  lie  Says  any  Service  My  going  this  Time  of  tlie  yeer  as  ye  Indians  are  all  out  a  hunting 
But  thinks  I  should  send  Some  belts  to  Lett  them  know  that  I  will  be  up  in  y«  Spring  he  Says  y* 
provinces  will  Neaver  Do  any  thing  that  was  Expected  &  that  Everything  Must  Return  in  its 
proper  Chanel  this  Winter  under  y  lionors  Direction  or  things  will  Neaver  Do  Right  he  Tould  me 
yesterday  that  I  must  Stay  here  Till  Next  Week  as  he  was  busey  this  when  he  wold  have  a  Long 
Conversation  with  Me,  lie  Recomended  to  Me  to  Memorial  the  King  a  bout  my  Grants  &.  one  of  his 
family  Tould  me  he  wold  Recomend  it  if  I  asked  him  after  I  have  hard  what  the  General  has  to 
say  to  Me  I  will  write  yf  lioner  More  fully. 

the  Ship  Dutchess  of  Goi'den  is  aRived  things  in  England  in  the  Greatest  Confuson  Nothing  But 
peticions  from  all  j  ■  Counteys  prepairing  to  prevent  y*  King  Backing  the  Midlesex  &  Livery  of 
London  one  M'  Musgroves  Leter  Just  as  y"  paice  was  Made  Makes  a  great  Noise  this  is  y"  Leter 
wh  L — d  Egermont  Shott  himself  about  there  is  Now  a  Suplement  printing  to  yesterday  paper  wh 
the  Berer  will  Take  tip  to  you  w''  will  Contain  y«  Leter  &  all  ye  News  this  vesel  has  brought  y* 
pacl^et  is  Nott  yet  aRived  butt  liourly  expected. 

Plese  to  present  my  Coniplem'»  to  all  the  Gentlemen  with  you  &  blive  me  with  the  greatest 
Respect  your  Honors  Most  obedient  &  humble  Servant 

Geo  :  Croghan. 

To  the  Hon''i«  Sir  William  Johnson  Bar«. 


*,*  Geo.  Croghan  Ute  of  Pawyui^k,  Ft.  made  IitswiH  on  the  12th  June  1782.  His  daughter  Susanrth,  married  Lt. 
Augnstino  Frcvost.  He  does  not  seem  to  have  led  any  male  heirs.  His  will  is  recorded  in  the  office  o!  a  Clerk  of  tho 
Court  of  Appeals  Albany,  N.  T.    En. 

1  Revd  Wm  Andrkws  was  a  native  of  Ireland.  He  returned  home  in  1770,  when  he  was  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of 
London  and  appniiitcd  Missionary  at  Schenectady,  in  which  place  some  of  his  relatives, it  seems,  already  resided.  Havirig 
married,  in  tlu(  moanlime,  he  entered  on  his  cliargc  immediately  after  receiving  orders,  to  the  satisfaction  of  his  congregation. 
He  opened  a  grammar  school  in  tho  fall  of  1771,  but  tlie  labors  attendant  on  this,  with  ill  health  !i  other  causes  mentioned 
in  his  letter  {/'osl)  of  10  Aug.  1773,  obliged  him  to  relinquish  this  mission  and  sail  to  Virginia.     Ed. 

2  Daniki.  C\mi'Bei.i.  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  married  a  Miss  ScnKRMKRHonM,  acquired  great  wealth  ir  Schenectady  as  » 
Merehant,  portion  of  which  ho  left  to  a  nephew,  a  Dr.  Campbell  of  London  who  resided  in  this  country  several  years  and 
then  returned  to  England.  Daniel  1).  Schermerborn,  one  of  the  Members  of  the  late  Constitutional  Convention,  having 
become  heir  to  Mr.  C.  hat  tinoe  tttomtd  that  nam*. 


iii  > 


!!.'  ;'■  I 


U     [ 


m 


; 


i; 


^  wm,  ^fs^m?  w  m  *m  ''tamf 


SECY  BANYAR  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

New  York  18  November  1769. 
Dear  Sir  William  Tlie  Bearer  M'  William  Andrews  is  a  young  Gentleman  from  Ireland,  wlio  has 
thougtits  of  taking  orders  for  the  Ministry.  He  is  in  hopes  of  being  called  for  the  Church  of  Schen- 
ectady, and  carrys  recommendatory  Letters  from  Doctor  Aucljmuty  and  Colonel  Crogham.  I 
understand  liis  character  is  uuexceptionable  and  Ids  Education  liberal.  If  you  can  be  of  any  ser- 
vice to  him  you  will  oblige  me  in  giving  him  Countenance,  and  your  Civilitice  I  shall  acknowledge 
with  Gratitude  I  am  indebted  to  you  for  a  Letter;  but  it  sliall  not  be  long  eer  I  discharge  it 

I.  am  D'  Sir  W^"  your  affectionate  and  obedient  Servant 

Gw  Banyar. 


MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  I  have  just  receiv'd  intelligence  of  a  Vessell  at  York  bound  for  Ireland,  and  is  expected 
to  sail  very  shortly.  On  this  Account,  and  because  my  Continuance  here  entirely  depends  upon 
your  recommending  me  to  the  Society's  service;  I  shou'd  sincerely  thank  you  to  send  me  the  recom- 
mendatory letter,  as  soon  as  convenient. 

I  have  been  seriously  considering  of  the  most  effectual  means,  of  procuring  proper  Persons  to 
supply  the  vacant  Missions  in  this  Province,  and  can,  upon  mature  Consideration,  th'nk  of  no  better 
judged  Expedient,  than  to  invite  some  of  the  sober,  and  aged  Graduates  of  Trinity-College, 
Dublin  to  undertake  the  sacred  OflSce.  I  doubt  not,  but  the  Projwsal  wou'd  be  pleasing  to  the 
People,  and  the  Offer  agreeable  to  the  Gentlemen. 

My  Reasons  for  advancing  this  Circumstance,  I  must  humbly  beg  leave  to  mention. 

A  late  Abstract  of  the  Society,  informs  us  of  the  Want  of  Clergy  even  in  several  parts  of 
England,  occasion'd  probably  by  the  Students  diverting  their  Education  to  more  profitable  Pursuits. 
And  the  Candidates  for  holy  Orders,  educated  on  this  side  the  Atlantic,  are  by  no  means  enabled 
to  perform  the  Service  of  the  Church,  and  discharge  their  Duty  with  so  much  Satisfaction  to  tlieir 
Congregation,  as  these  persons  I  have  been  speaking  of,  who  have  regularly  obtained  their  Degrees 
by  Merit,  after  a  proper  Course  of  Study.  Tho'  I  do  not  urge  this  Circumstance,  thro'  any  disre- 
spect or  by  way  of  Retort,  against  the  Americans,  I  only  mention  it  on  account  of  their  being  de- 
prived of  the  Opportunity  of  receiving  so  good  and  solid  an  Education. 

Ireland  does  not  labour  under  the  same  disadvantage,  as  England,  with  respect  to  Clergy;  For,  we 
frequently  hear  of  numbers,  soliciting  for  a  Curacy,  a  poor  Provision  Indeed.  Besides  let  me  add, 
that  the  American  Candidates  are  subject  to  the  Danger  and  Expense  of  doubly  traversing  a  large 
Ocean,  and  incumbred  with  Charges,  which  they  are  scarce  enabled  to  bear  before  they  can  obtain 
their  desire. 

Now,  if  this  Plan  shcu'd  be  found  agreeable  to  the  Society,  I  believe  I  cou'd  prevail  upon  some 
of  those  Gentlemen  to  come  over,  and  settle  in  these  Vacancies,  whose  Characters  and  Qualifications 
oou'd  be  properly  ascertained. 


PAPBKB    RELATIRd   TO  THt  SIX    NATIOKt. 


2GB 


Remitting  your  recommendatory  letters,  thro'  Doctor  Auchmnty  at  York,  wou'd  be  csteem'd  as 
an  Obligation  conferr'd  on  him,  wlio  is  with  Respect  and  Gratitude, 

Sir,  Your  most  obedient,  und  Immble  Servant 

Schenectady,  lO'h  Decb'  1769.  Wm  Andrews. 

Since  my  sitting  down  to  write  tlds,  I  have  found  an  immediate  Conveyance  to  York,  &  have 
therefore  embraced  the  Opportunity  of  setting  off  to  Morrow  for  Albany.  Your  letter  then  will 
reach  me  by  means  of  D'  Auehmuty. 

Sir  William  Johnson  Bart. 


MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  \'M.  JOHNSON. 

New  York,  28H'  Jan'x  1770. 

I  have  just  time  to  acknowledge  your  favor,  with  a  Draft  inclosed  on  M'  Mortier,  from  whom 
I  have  receiv'd  Fitly  one  poimds  Currency;  For  which  I  return  you  sincere  thanks  and  sliall  wlieu 
able  repay  you. 

Accompanying  this  I  send  you  a  letter  from  uy  good  Friend  M*"  Barton,  who  recommends  me  to 
you,  &  points  out  in  my  letter  an  Indian  Mission — I  intended  after  my  Return  here  to  have  receiv'd 
instruction  in  their  Language  with  tlie  intention  of  delivering  Discourses  amongst  them,  whenever 
leisure  shou'd  permit  from  the  Duty  at  Schenectady — 

To  morrow  I  sliall  proceed  on  my  way  to  London  by  Ireland  in  order  to  have  my  age  properly 
ascertain'd  &  witli  the  View  of  soUiciting  my  Brother^  (a  Clergyman)  to  accompany  me  to  London 
&  probably  I  may  prevail  ou  liim  to  come  over  with  me — Believe  Die  to  be  with  the  greatest  sincerity. 

Sir,  y  much  oblig'd  and  humble  serv' 

Sir  W"  Johnson —  Wm.  Andrews. 


REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

New  York  May  the  11«>  1770. 

Worthy  Sir  Your  two  last  favora  of  the  IC**"  &  26*  of  April  came  safe  to  my  lu  >.ds,  and  shall  be 
perticularly  answered  by  the  next  good  opportunity.  The  reason  of  my  ti-oubling  you  at  present 
is,  at  the  request  of  a  worthy  Brother  the  Bearer  of  this,  Mr.  Forbes,  who  is  rambling  about  to 
satisfy  his  curiosity.  He  intends  to  pay  his  respects  to  you  considering  his  good  chai-acter,  and 
agreeable  behaviour  I  venture  to  recommend  him  to  your  notice  ;  you  will,  as  he  is  a  Gentleman 
and  scholar  be  greatly  pleased  with  him.  He  is  now  waiting  for  tliis,  therefore  shall  only  add,  that  I 
hope  you  will  pardon  this  freedom,  I  have  taken,  and  be  assured  that  I  have  the  honor  to,  be 

Worthy  Sir  Yonr  much  obliged  ob'  serv' 

To  Sir  William  Johnson.  Samuel  Auchmuty. 

P.  S.  Your  Letter  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Society  was  immediately  sent  to  M'  Stuart,"  as  you 
desired. 


Vol.  IV. 


1  For  •  biographical  sketch  of  this  gentleman,  lee  the  end  of  thi*  scries. — Eo. 

34 


si     ,.f        I  ■ 


*i> 


966 


PAPERS   RELATINQ  TO   THK  BIX   NATIONS. 


THE  SAME  TO  THE  SAME. 


is 


New  York  May  the  20*^  1770. 

Sir  I  must  sincerely  thank  you  for  your  judicious  observations  in  your  last  Letter.  Infidelity 
most  certainly  is  the  fountain  from  whence  we  are  overwhelmed  willi  misfortunes  and  almost 
bnnight  to  ruin.  Our  gi-ent  men,  instead  of  being  careful  pilots,  and  anxious  fur  tlie  safety  of  the 
Nation,  are  inveloped  in  false  politic's — rack  tlieir  invention,  &  exert  their  utmost  abilities  to 
nggiamlize  themselves,  and  their  Families,  and  suifer,  for  want  of  true  principles,  their  Sovereign  and 
their  Country  to  be  tossed  to  and  fo  with  every  wind  of  popular  discontent,  without  guiding  tlie 
Helm  with  pruaence,  caution  and  P.esolulim.  The  Lords  Temporal  are  wholly  engrosssed  in  a 
system  of  Politic,  which  must  end  if  persevered  in,  in  the  ruin  of  themselves,  and  their  Country  ; 
and  tlie  Lords  Spiritual  while  they  can  unmolested  enjoy  their  opulence,  &  weight  in  the  Govern- 
ment, pay  too  little  attention  to  the  distresses  and  injustice  that  the  members  of  the  best  church  in  tlie 
world  labor  under,  in  America.  The  True  principles  of  a  good  Church  mtm,  are,  a  true  regard  to 
the  Laws  of  his  God,  and  a  zealous  attacliment  to  his  lawful  Sovereign.  The  opposers  of  a  monar- 
chical Government  (too  many  of  which  our  Nation  are  cursed  witli)  are  a  direct  contrast,  which 
every  man's  experience,  if  lie  has  ten  grains  of  sense  or  five  of  honesty,  must  convince  him  of. 
These  men  are  ever  assuming  a  power,  have  once  had  it — made  a  diabolical  use  of  it,  &  yet  liave 
the  audaciousness — the  rvickedness,  to  attempt  usurp  it  again,  under  the  best  of  princes.  The  Clergy 
are  much  indebted  to  you,  worthy  Sir,  for  your  strong  attachment  to  the  present  Iiappy  Establish- 
ment in  Cluirch  and  State  ;  and  for  your  animated  Letters  to  the  Ministry  seting  forth  the 
necessity  of  an  Americjm  Episcopate,  and  a  proper  notice  and  regard  for  the  American  Churches  ; 
whicl),  at  present,  ere  left  destitute  of  Countenance  and  support;  subject  to  the  vile  Eavnges 
of  Goths  ajul  Vandiils — or  what  is  worse — inveterate  malice  from  those  tiiat  dare  to  stile  themselves 
Cliristiiiiis.  M;iy  God  reform  them.  1  forgive  them,  but  forget  tlieni,  I  hope  I  never  shall — I  am 
ordered  in  the  Name  of  our  Convention,  wliich  met  at  my  house,  tlie  Inst  week  to  tliiink  you  for 
tlie  many  good  services  you  have  honored  us  with  ;  and  to  assure  you  tliat  we  should  esteem  it  ns 
a  most  providential  Event,  if  your  power  to  serve  us,  was  adequate  to  your  inclination — happy 
should  we  be  was  tliis  tlie  Case.  I  therefore  Sir,  as  president  of  the  Convention  pro  tempore 
return  you  our  most  sincere  and  grateful  Tlianks,  for  the  exertion  of  your  Interest,  in  favor  of  the 
Chnrcli  of  England  in  America ;  and  for  the  many  favors  we  have  received  from  you,  as  cler- 
gymen. We  have  still  to  beg,  that  the  discouragements  you  have  met  with,  may  not  slacken  your 
generous  Ai"dor  ;  or  provoke  you  to  cease  your  application  at  Home  in  our  favor — i  e.  for  the  preser- 
Tation  of  the  present  Iiappy  establishment  in  Church  and  State,  which  ought  to  be  as  firmly  seftleil 
here,  as  in  Gr'^at  Britain,  we  most  ardently  wish  you  every  Temporal  and  Spiritual  Blessings ;  & 
beg  leave  to  assure  you  that  we  retain  a  gratefid  sense  of  the  honor  you  have  done  us,  in  becoming 
our  Friend  &  Patron. 

This  will  be  ilel'vered  to  you,  by  my  worthy  Brothers,  Cooper  &  Inglis.  The  latter  travels  for 
Health,  the  former  berause  he  has  too  much.    I  almost  envy  them  their  happiness. 

I  have  received  a  Letter  Irom  M'  Stuart,  who  is  now  I  imagine  plouging  the  Ocean.  He  got  your 
Letter  a  few  days  niter  it  came  to  my  hands. 


M 


MVBM   HEUkTIMG   TO  THE  tlX  NATIONS. 


S8T 


1  have  not  had  any  late  Letters  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Society.  I  wish  that  good  Body 
would  adopt  the  Salutary  advice  you  liave  givea  them;  which  would  enable  tliem  to  be 
further  useful. 

I  hot)e  you  will  pardon  this  long  Epistle ;  and,  be  assured  that  I  am,  worthy  Sir,  with  great 

seucerity  &  truth.  v 

Your  much  obliged  8s.  most  ob'  Serv^ 
Sir  William  Johusoo.  Samuel  Auchuuty. 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

Johnson  hall  May  27««>  1770. 

Sir,  I  thank  you  most  kindly  for  your  Letter  of  the  20">  by  our  Friends  D'  Cooper  &  M'  Inglls 
whom  I  very  highly  Esteem  &  in  whose  Society  I  have  spent  many  agreable  hours  during  which 
we  have  Convei'sed  much  on  the  affairs  of  the  Gliurch,  Tlieir  Speedy  return  prevents  me  from 
Saying  much  to  you  by  this  opportunity.  I  cannot  however  avoid  agreeing  with  yo\i  in  the 
ti-utlt  of  your  Remarks  on  the  present  unhappy  state  of  affairs,  wliich  greatly  contribute  to  check 
the  growth  &  prevent  the  Success  of  tlie  National  Church,  I  hope  the  Government  will  at  last  dis- 
cover the  Importance  of  giving  it  all  possible  Countciance,  &  tliat  whenever  party  shall  so  far 
Subside  as  to  enable  them  to  act  witliout  the  apprehension  of  giving  offence  to  others  its  Enemies, 
that  they  will  affoi-d  it  the  required  support. 

I  most  kindly  thank  the  Convention  for  the  favorable  sentiments  they  entertained  of  my 
endeavors  in  the  Cause  of  our  Religion,  and  I  assure  you  &  them,  that  I  shall  omit  no  opportunity 
for  demonstrating  the  sincerity  of  my  attachm'  thereto,  by  promoting  its  Interest  as  far  as  my  little 
Interest  &  abilities  shall  Enable  me,  at  the  same  time  wishing  that  we  may  spedily  hear  more  agreable 
news  from  England  &  Assuring  you  that  I  am  always  with  great  Truth  Sir  &o 

D'  Auohmuty. 


'm' 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  MR.  INGLIS. 

Johnson  hall  Nov     1770. 

Dear  Sir.  I  was  lately  agreably  favored  with  your  Letter  of  the  'lb^*>  ult"  accompanied  with 
your  pretty  present  for  your  Godson  the  Indian  Boy,  which  with  your  Letter  to  his  father  was 
received  with  Extraordinary  marks  of  Gratitude  and  Thanks,  so  that  it  would  be  hard  to  say  which 
were  best  pleased.  The  Boy  with  his  finery  or  the  parents  with  that  Token  of  your  remembrance 
&,  tlie  Letter  wliich  they  think  greatly  of,  Tlie  Father  was  greatly  distressed  how  to  Express  his 
tlianks  to  you  but  at  last  wrote  tlie  Letter  wch  I  now  enclose,  and  after  Lamenting  that  it  was  not 
in  his  power  to  make  you  a  return  suitable  to  his  Inclinations  he  begged  tliat  I  might  send  you  a 
Leathern  Lap  Decorated  &  wliich  he  gave  me  for  that  purpose  adding  that  as  he  had  worn  it  often  in 
the  field,  when  in  Arms  against  our  Enemys,  it  might  still  be  considered  as  an  emblem  of  his 
attacliment. 

I  sincerely  wish  that  the  Indians  desires  as  Expressed  at  the  late  Congress  joyned  to  ray  Strong 
recommendations  may  awaken  the  attention  of  Government  to  affairs  of  Religion,  which  under  such 


i^ 


i 


flet 


PAvn*  RELATiire  to  mm  nx  aATiaiit. 


auspices  would  soon  flourish  and  Expand.  The  Information  you  gave  me  concerning,  the  appro- 
priating the  Quit  rents  to  these  uses,  is  I  apprehend  a  matter  tliat  may  rather  he  wislied  for,  than 
Expected,  as  the  Quit  rents  are  greatly  encreased  by  so  many  late  Grants,  and  altho'  they  are 
but  very  irregularly  paid  must  far  Exceed  the  Sum  yon  Mention,  however  if  yon  could  procure 
tlie  anu<  amount  of  tliem,  and  let  me  know  it,  I  shall  consider  it  farther,  and  see  Whetlier  tliere 
may  not  be  some  prospect  of  Success  from  such  an  application. 

As  to  the  Nova  Scotia  Mission,  when  I  consider,  tlie  Small  number  of  the  Indians,  and  their 
present  dependant  state  tliere,  together  with  its  being  made  in  consequence  of  their  tlireats,  I  can 
hardly  tiiink  that  the  Government  will  disregard  the  entreaties  of  a  people  wliose  power  and 
Capacity  so  fur  exceeds  tliose  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  whose  friendship  &  alliance  is  so  much  more 
interesting  to  us. 

It  must  liave  been  thro'  hurry  that  I  neglected  giving  you  in  my  former  Letter,  the  Numbers  of 
the  other  Indians  which  I  am  well  acijuaiuted  with.  The  Onondagas  can  muster  about  200  fighting 
Men,  The  Cayugas  about  260,  The  Senecas,  including  those  of  this  about  1000.  but  tliere  are 
besides,  many  of  every  Nation  Settled  with  other  Tribes  at  and  al)out  the  Suquehanna  &ca  which 
if  added  to  their  respective  Nations  would  encrease  the  number,  and  the  Tuscaroras,  alone  since  the 
last  body  of  tliem  came  from  tlie  Southward  to  Joyn  the  rest  may  now  [make]  ubt  near  250.  so  that 
the  Whole  of  the  Six  Nations  without  including  any  others  will  Amount  to  2000  fighting  Men,  by 
which  the  Number  of  souls  may  he  calculated  in  the  usual  manner. 

I  am  sensible  that  Example  will  go  further  than  precept  in  the  Introducing  Arts  or  Mechan:  s 
amongst  tliem  The  advantage  of  which  they  will  dally  grow  more  sensible  of.  D»  Wheelock  has 
been  su  sanguine  in  these  matters  that  he  has  made  no  advances  worth  mentioning  in  that  way 
whatever  may  be  reported,  as  to  Smiths  they  are  so  necessary  to  them  that  they  would  readily 
admit  them  and  indeed  they  were  formerly  allowed  them  in  their  villages  at  the  Expense  of  tlie  Gov- 
ernment, &  perhaps  Carpenters  might  also  be  agreable  for  if  these  Mechanics  were  well  inspected 
&  Confined  solely  to  their  Trades,  (which  is  a  very  difficult  matter  to  effect)  some  of  the  Indians 
would  doubtles  be  allured  in  a  little  time  to  apply  themselves  to  Arts  so  usefull  to  themselves,  & 
their  proficiency  in  one  or  Two  Arts,  beyond  wliich  we  should  not  go  in  the  beginning  would 
prepare  them  to  receive  others  whicli  at  present  are  not  necessary  to  their  manner  of  Living — Tho' 
furming  would  be  a  most  necessary  acquirement,  and  which  I  believe  they  may  be  brought  to 
in  Time.  Yet  I  fear  it  cannot  be  attempted,  such  Arts  as  are  necessary  to  tlieir  present  mode  of 
Life  will  not  alarm  them,  but  any  that  will  tend  to  introduce  a  Change  therein,  must  be  deferred 
for  a  time,  as  tliere  is  notiiiug  wliich  they  so  much  dread  as  the  alienation  of  their  peoples 
minds  from  those  pursuits  &  Exercises  by  which  alone  tliey  appreliend  that  their  Liberties  are 
preserved. 

I  thank  you  for  the  political  hints  you  gave  me,  and  presume  that  by  this  time  the  Disposition  of 
our  Governor  is  better  known,  being  inclined  to  think  that  he  will  not  fall  into  the  hands  of  any 
designing  party. 

Before  Closing  my  Letter  M'  Stuart  arrived  &  delivered  me  your  favor  of  the  23''  ult".  I  had 
seen  him  before  he  went  for  Orders,  and  believe  him  to  be  a  discreet,  sensible  man.  The  Mohocks 
being  now  almost  all  abroad  on  their  Winter  hunt,  He  cannot  enter  upon  his  Mission  with  Eflect 
for  some  little  time,  he  is  to  be  Introduced  to  those  that  are  at  home  immediately,  and  I  shall 
direct  him  in  the  means  of  beginning  to  acquire  their  Language,  without  delay  as  it  is  so  Essential 
to  his  Success,  of  which  I  have  not  the  Least  doubt  if  Conducted  properly  to  which  end  my 
advice  and  endeavors  shall  be  always  Chearfully  bestowed.  I  have  a  few  Lines  by  him  from  D' 
Barton  wbeteln  is  mentioned  the  Societys  approbation  of  and  allowance  to  M'  Hall,  to  be  fixed 


MPnt   KELATtSO   TO   TBS  ■»    SATtONI. 


069 


at  Conojoharee  until  he  has  taken  Orders.  The  design  is  good,  and  I  wish  he  was  now  there  to  enter 
upon  it — I  liave  built  a  liundsome  CImrch  there  at  my  own  Expence*  Tho'  I  liad  been  promised  tlie 
assistance  of  others  but  the  times  did  nut  admit  of  it,  and  us  that  village  is  equal  in  zeal  &  attach- 
ment to  the  Mohocks  and  is  30  miles  tartlicr  up  the  Country,  M'  Halls  establisluneut  &.  success  there 
will  contribute  greatly  to  enlarge  the  design  of  the  plan,  and  to  point  out  its  benefits  to  the  j)ublio, 
wiiich  so  soon  as  these  persons  are  properly  Seated  and  liave  acquired  a  sliare  of  the  Language  and 
ConUdenco  of  the  Indians,  may  be  so  far  Extended  as  to  comprehend  all  tliat  can  be  wished  for,  to 
form  one  vast  &  Qeneroiis  design. 

It  is  extremely  probable  tliat  a  War  with  Spain  is  not  very  distant,  and  indeed  I  believe  it  Is 
Covetted  by  many  people  but  Spain  will  liavo  powerfUll  alliances,  and  witliout  great  Care  France, 
may  give  us  fresli  trouble  in  America,  particularly  tliro'  the  Intiuence  they  still  retain  over  so  many 
Indian  Nations.  I  am  mucli  obliged  to  the  worthy  D'  Joluison  for  liis  kind  remembrance  and 
sincerely  wish  him  all  liappiness.  My  Son,  who  desii-es  his  Complements  to  you  purposes  to  visit 
N  York  soon  Col :  Johnson  also  desires  to  be  kindly  remembered,  and  be  assured  that  I  am  always 
with  perfect  regard 

TheRevd  Mr.  Cha*lngll8.  Dear  Sir  &c. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  ARTHUR  LEE    ESQ.,  M.  D.  F.  R.  S.« 

ON   THE  CUSTOMS,  MANNERS   AND   LANGUAGES  OF  THE   INDIANS. 

Johnson  hall  Febx  28«h  1771. 

Sir,  I  should  be  wanting  in  duty  to  the  public  if  I  withheld  from  a  Gentleman  of  D'  Lee's 
Cliaracter  any  information  I  am  capable  of  aflfording  on  the  subject  of  y'  Letter  wch  thro'  my  Absence 
from  home  havg  been  some  time  in  tlie  Ind.  Country  &  since  entirely  occupied  with  affairs  of  a 
public  nature,  it  was  not  in  my  power  to  ans'  till  now. 

I  am  only  apprehensive  tliat  any  account  in  my  power  respecting  sich  enquiry  j  amongst 
the  unlettered  Indians  will  prove  inadequate  to  the  Expectations  formed  in  your  Letter,  notwith- 
standing ray  long  residence  in  this  country,  ("of  more  than  tliirty  eight  years,"  J  the  Nature  of  my 
office  and  the  most  diligent  enquirys  into  tliese  curious  particulars,  I  find  all  researches  of  tliat  sort 
for  reasons  whicli  I  shall  give  presently  involved  in  such  difficultys  &.  uncertainty  as  to  afford 
but  slender  satisfaction.    At  least  far  short  of  my  inclination  to  gratify  your  desire  thereon — how 

1  An  account  of  monies  eiipended  by  John  Danl.  MuUer  in  building  a  Church  at  Canajohory,  for  the  um  of  the  Indiana 
by  the  direction  of  the  Uooble  Sir  William  Johnson.    £469.1  11. 

2  Anrnim  Lee  was  born  in  Virginia  on  the  20th  Doc.  1740.  lie  was  sent  at  an  early  age  to  Eton,  and  afterwards  to  the 
University  of  Edinburgh,  where  he  obtained  his  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine  in  1714.  lie  returned  to  his  native  country 
where  he  practised  his  profession  for  a  short  period,  but  soon  went  to  Loudon  and  entered  the  Temple  with  a  view 
of  being  called  to  the  bar.  Here  he  became  tlie  associate  or  correspondent  of  the  principal  literary  and  scientific  men 
of  the  day,  and  was  elected  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society.  Previous  to  the  Kcvobition,  he  acted  as  agent  in  England  for  tha 
Provinces  of  Massaohusotts  and  Virginia,  and  in  that  capacity  acquitted  himself  as  a  zealous  and  sound  friend  of  American 
liberty.  In  1776,  he  was  appointed,  conjointly  with  Dr.  Franklin  and  Silas  Deane,  Commissioners  to  France  on  the  part  of 
the  United  States,  and  assisted  in  negotiating  the  Treaty  between  these  countries.  He  returned  to  America  in  1780  and  in 
1784  was  appointed  one  of  the  Commiasionera  to  treat  with  the  Six  Nations.  He  executed  this  trust  at  Fort  Schuyler,  (now 
Rome,  Oneida  Co.)  with  much  credit.  He  died,  unmarried,  Dec.  12, 1792,  aged  nearly  62  years.  He  was  a  distingnished 
scholar,  and  a  statesman,  rigid  tn  principle  and  unsullied  in  integrity.  His  life  by  R.  H.  Lee,  was  published  in  2  Toli.  8to. 
Ial82».— JEb.  .        .  .  ^.  .     .' 


'!«  ' 


I'    i  J 


270 


PAKM   RCtATtnS  TO  THt  ITS   NATIOM. 


ever  I  shall  endcHVor  to  make  some  attonement  by  giving  you  some  ace*  of  these  diiflculties  together 
with  siicli  utiier  hints  iis  from  the  motives  of  enquiry  suggested  iu  your  Letter  may  1  dattei-  nijsi'lf 
prove  of  some  little  use,  or  amusenien  to  you. 

It  will  he  unnecessary  to  Inlarge  on  tlie  want  of  Laws,  Government,  letters  or  sucli  other 
I>articulars  as  are  to  be  found  in  most  autliors  who  have  treated  of  the  N.  Amer"  Indians.  These 
are  general  observations  as  generally  known  To  shew  wherein  they  are  defective  and  to  acco' 
lor,  by  setts  forth  tlie  present  state  of  the  sev'  Indian  Nations  is  a  subject  of  greater  Importance  it 
will  lead  tu  other  matters  more  Interesting. 

I  must  therefore  observe  that  the  customs  and  manners  of  the  Indians  are  in  nev^  cases  liable  tu 
ciianges,  which  have  not  been  thoroughly  considered  by  authors  and  therefore  tlio  description  of 
tliem  (as  is  usual)  at  any  one  particular  period  must  be  Insufficient,  and  I  must  fiu-th'  preniiso 
tliat  I  mean  to  confine  my  observations  to  those  of  Northern  Nations  witli  whom  I  have  tlie  most 
acquaintance  and  Intercourse. 

In  all  Inquiries  of  this  sort,  we  should  Distinguish  between  the  more  remote  Tribes  &  those 
Iudn»  who  from  their  having  been  next  to  our  settlem'*  for  sev'  years,  &  relying  solely  on  oral 
Tradition  for  the  support  of  tlieir  Ancient  usages,  have  lost  great  part  of  tliem,  &  have  blended 
some  with  Customs  amongst  ourselves,  so  as  to  render  It  Extremely  ditficult,  if  not  ini{Kissible  to 
Trace  their  Customs  to  their  origin  or  to  discover  their  Explication.  Again,  Those  Indians  who 
are  a  degree  farther  removed  have  still  a  good  deal  of  Intercourse  with  our  Traders  and  hav> 
altered  their  system  of  Politicks,  tho'  they  still  retain  many  Ancient  Customs,  they  are  muclt  at  a 
Loss  to  account  for  them,  whilst  those  who  are  far  removed  from  any  intercourse  with  the  whites 
(a  few  Traders  excepted)  are  still  in  possess"  of  the  greatest  part  of  tlieir  primlti^'e  usages  tho' 
they  cannot  give  a  satisfactory  ace' of  their  original  signification,  and  have  so  blended  the  whole  with 
fable,  as  to  render  it  matter  of  great  difficulty  to  Separate  the  Truth  from  it,  add  to  this  that  above 
a  Century  ago  they  had  French  Jesuits  amongst  them,  who  partly  for  Ueligious  purposes,  but  chiefly 
to  serve  particular  ends  in  the  Wars  they  often  fomented)  introduced  some  of  their  own  inventions 
which  the  present  generation  confound  with  their  ancient  Ceremonies. 

So  far  as  the  remarks  are  Confined  to  the  Confederacy  of  the  6  Nat*,  the  Mohocks,  who  have  long 
lived  within  our  settlem**  come  under  the  first  predicament,  tho'  greatly  reduced  in  number  they 
ore  still  the  acknowledged  Head  of  that  Alliance,  but  In  their  present  State  they  have  less  Inter- 
course with  the  Ind*  &  more  w^  us  than  formerly  besides  wch  they  are  at  present  members  of  the 
Cliii.  of  England,  most  of  them  read  &  sev'  Write  very  well.  When  therefore  they  subscribe  an 
ordinary  Deed,  they  frequently  make  use  of  a  Cross,  after  the  Example  of  the  Illiterate  amongst 
us  &  sometimes  with  their  names ;  but  in  things  of  much  Consequence  they  usually  delineate  a 
Steel,  sucli  as  is  used  to  strike  fire  out  of  Flint,  whicli  being  the  symbol  of  their  Nation,  This 
Steel  they  call  Canniah — &  themselves  Canniungaes^  but  from  hence,  little  can  be  deduced,  as  they 
had  not  the  use  of  any  instrument  in  that  form  before  their  Commerce  with  the  Whites. 

The  Tuscaroras  I  omit  as  tl)cy  are  a  south"  peeple  not  long  introduced  into  the  Alliance  making 
the  6  nat". 

Tlie  Oneidas  who  inhabit  the  Country  a  little  beyond  the  settlements,  are  In  the  next  Class  for 
ultho',some  efforts  have  been  made  to  Civilize  and  Christianize  them,  a  great  part  are  still  in  the 
primitive  way,  but  being  also  reduced  in  numbers  &  their  political  system  much  changed,  their 
Intercourse  with  the  more  remote  Indians  is  lessened,  and  their  knowledge  of  ancient  usages 
decayed,  They  have  in  use  [asj  Symbols,  a  Tree,  by  which  they  wi  Express  Stability.  But  theii' 
true  Symbol  is  a  Stone  called  Onoya,  and  they  call  themselves  Onoyuts  a  particular  Inst<=*  of  wch  I 
can  give  from  an  £xpedt<  I  went  on  to  Lake  St.  Sacrament  in  1746,  when  to  shew  the  Eoemy  the 


I'M, 


I! 


PAPRM   RKlaTINO   TO  THK  MX   MATIONS. 


fPI 


•trengthof  our  Inil"  AUiuncet  I  deiired  Each  Nation  to  affix  their  Symbol  to  a  Tre«  [to  alarm]  th« 
French  :  the  Oneydar  put  up  a  itune  wch  they  painted  Red. 

The  Onondugas  whose  residence  nre  40.  miles  farther  are  lomewiiat  better  vened  in  the  Cuatomt 
of  tlieir  ancestors,  diey  call  themselves  people  of  the  Great  Mountain. 

The  Cuyugas  who  are  about  the  same  distance  l)eyond  them,  have  tbr  their  Symbol  a  pipe. 

Tlie  Senecas  are  the  must  numerous  &  must  distant  of  tlie  six  Nat*  have  sev>  Towns  k  Symbols 
from  welt  however  little  can  be  understuiMl.  and  leaving  this  Cunl'ederiicy  we  shall  tind  that  tlie 
Niitioira  to  tlie  Nurtli  West  tho  they  have  their  Symbols,  they  are  nut  able  to  I'^xplain  to  any  degree 
of  Satisfaction,  for  as  they  scatter  more  in  quest  of  a  livelyhood  they  have  not  the  same  opjtortunitys 
or  iiiclinution  to  Cultivate  &  Expluin  oral  Tradition.  To  the  South  West  the  Indians  are  better 
versed  in  those  matters  but  this  is  a  fleld  tw  large  for  w*  I  now  propose,  tho'  l)y  other  opportunitys 
I  shall  most  willingly  assist  your  Enquiries  tlicrein. 

[With  respect  to  your  questions  concerning  the  chief  magistrate,  or  sachem,  and  how  he  acquires 
bis  authority,  &c.  I  am  to  ac(iu»int  you,  that  there  is  in  every  nation,  a  sachem,  or  cliief,  who  ajipenrs 
to  have  some  authority  over  the  rest,  and  it  is  greatest  among  the  most  distant  nations.  But  iu 
most  of  those  bordering  on  our  settlements,  his  authority  is  scarcely  discernible,  he  seldom  assuming 
any  power  before  his  people.  And  indeed  tills  humility  is  Judged  the  best  policy;  for  wanting  coer- 
cive power,  their  commands  would  perhaps  occasion  assassination,  which  sometimes  happens.  The 
«ttciiems  of  each  tribe  are  usually  chosen  in  a  public  assembly  of  tlie  cliieis  and  warriors,  w  henever 
a  vacancy  happens  by  death  or  otherwise;  they  are  generally  chosen  for  their  sense  and  bravery, 
from  nnuiiig  the  oldest  warriors,  and  approved  of  by  all  the  tribe ;  on  which  they  are  saluted  sachems. 
There  are  however  several  exceptions;  for  some  families  have  a  kind  of  inheritance  iu  tlie  oilice, 
and  arc  called  to  this  station  in  their  infancy. 

The  chief  sucheni,  by  some  called  the  king,  is  so,  either  by  inheritance,  or  by  a  kind  of  tacit 
consent,  tlie  consequence  of  his  superior  abilities  and  influence.  Tiie  duration  of  his  authority 
depends  much  on  his  own  wisdom,  the  number  and  consequence  of  his  relations,  and  the  strength 
of  his  particular  tribe.  But  even  in  those  cases  wliere  it  descends,  should  the  successor  appear 
unequal  to  the  task,  some  other  sachem  is  sure  to  possess  himself  of  the  power  and  the  duties  of  the 
ofTice.  I  slioidd  have  observed,  that  military  services  are  the  cliief  recommendations  to  this  rank. 
And  it  appears  pretty  clearly,  that  heretofore  tlie  cliief  of  a  nation  had,  in  some  small  degree,  the 
authority  of  a  sovereign.  This  is  now  tlie  fact  among  tho  most  remote  Indians.  But  as,  since  the 
Introduction  of  fire  arms,  they  no  longer  fight  in  close  bodies,  but  every  man  is  his  own  general, 
I  am  inclined  to  think  this  has  contributed  to  lessen  the  power  of  a  chief.  This  chief  of  a  whole 
nation  has  the  custody  of  the  belts  of  wampum,  &c.  which  are  as  records  of  public  transactions  : 
he  prompts  the  speakers  at  all  treaties,  and  proposes  affairs  of  consequence.  The  chief  sachems 
form  the  grand  council;  and  those  of  each  tribe  often  deliberate  on  the  affairs  of  their  particular 
tribes.  All  their  deliberations  are  conducted  with  extraordinary  regularity  and  decorum.  They 
never  Interrupt  him  who  is  speaking;  nor  use  harsh  language,  whatever  may  be  their  thoughts. 
The  chiefs  assume  most  authority  in  the  field,  but  this  must  be  done,  even  there,  with  great  caution; 
as  a  head  warrior  thinks  himself  of  most  consequence  in  that  place. 

The  Indians  believe  in,  and  are  much  afraid  of  witchcraft:  those  suspected  of  it  are  therefore 
often  punishe  I  with  death.  Several  nations  are  equally  severe  on  those  guilty  of  theft,  a  crime 
indeed  uncommon  among  them;  but  in  cases  of  murder,  the  relations  are  left  to  take  what  revenge 
they  please.  In  general,  they  are  unwilling  to  inflict  capital  punishments,  as  these  defeat  their 
grand  political  object,  which  is,  to  increase  their  numbers  by  all  possible  means. 

On  their  haunts,  as  on  all  other  occasions,  they  are  strict  observers  of  meum  and  tuum;  and  this 


M  \ 


Jill' 


ill 


m  ■■  ■ 


I 


tit  ;^ ! 


w 


272 


PAnaw  RBLATIMO  TO  THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


fix>m  principle,  liolding  theft  in  contempt;  so  that  they  are  rarely  guilty  of  it,  though  tempted  by 
articles  of  much  value.  Neit*^  '"*  do  the  strong  attempt  to  seize  the  prey  of  the  wealc;  and  I  must 
do  them  the  justice  to  say  that,  unless  heated  by  liquor,  or  inflamed  by  revenge,  their  ideas  of 
right  and  wrong  and  their  practices  in  consequence  of  them,  would,  if  more  known,  do  them  much 
honour.  It  is  true,  tiiat  having  been  often  deceived  by  us  in  the  purchase  of  lands,  in  trade,  and 
other  transactions,  many  of  them  begin  now  to  act  the  same  part.  But  this  reflects  most  on  those 
who  set  tliem  the  example. 

As  to  yoiu*  remark  on  their  apparent  repugnance  to  civili2»tion,  I  must  observe,  tiiat  tliis  is  not 
owing  to  any  viciorsness  of  their  nature,  or  want  of  capacity;  as  they  have  a  strong  genius  for 
arts,  and  uncommon  patience.  I  believe  they  are  put  to  the  English  schools  too  late,  and  sent 
back  too  soon  to  their  people,  whose  political  maxim.  Spartan  like,  is  to  discountenance  all  pursuits 
but  war,  holding  all  other  knowledge  as  unworthy  the  dignity  of  man,  and  tending  to  enervate 
and  divert  them  from  that  warfare  on  which  tliey  conceive  their  liberty  and  happiness  depend. 
Tliese  sentiments  constantly  instilled  into  the  minds  of  youth,  and  illustrated  by  examples  drawn 
from  the  contemptible  state  of  the  domesticated  tril)es,  leave  lasting  impressions:  and  can  hardly 
be  defeated  by  an  ordinary  scliool  education. 

I  wisli  my  present  leisure  would  allow  me  to  give  you  as  many  specimens  of  their  lanuageas  would 
shew  that,  tliougli  not  very  wordy,  it  is  extremely  empliatical ;  and  their  style  adorned  with  noble 
images,  strong  metaphors,  and  equal  in  allegory  to  many  of  the  Eastern  nations.  The  ai-ticle  is 
contained  in  the  noun  by  varying  tlie  termination  ;  and  the  adjective  is  combined  into  one  word. 
Thus  of  Echitif  a  man,  and  Gowana,  great,  is  formed  Echingowana,  a  great  man.  Caghyunghaw  is  a 
creek ;  Caghyung/ia,  a  river.  Caghyunghaowanay  a  great  river,  CagkyungUeec,  a  fine  river.  Haga 
the  inhabitants  of  any  place,  and  lierham  the  morning;  so,  if  they  speak  of  eastern  people,  they  say 
Tierhnns-aga  or  people  of  the  morning.  Eio  is  expressive  of  a  great  quantity,  and  Esogee  is  the 
superlative.  Tiie  words  Goronta  and  Golota  whicli  you  mention  ai'e  not  of  the  Six  nations,  but  of  a 
Southern  language.  It  is  curious  to  observe,  that  they  have  various  modes  of  speech  and  phrazcs 
peculiar  to  eacli  age  and  sex,  wliich  they  strictly  observe.  For  instance,  a  man  says,  wlien  lie  is 
hungry,  CadagcariaXf  wliicli  is  expressive  both  of  his  want  and  of  the  animal  food  lie  requires  to 
supply  it ;  wliilst  a  child  says,  in  the  same  circumstances,  Cautsore,  that  is,  I  require  spoon  meat.] 

Tliere  is  so  remarkable  a  dilference  in  the  Language  of  the  Five  nations,  from  all  tlie  rest  as 
affords  some  grounds  for  enquiring  into  their  distinct  Origin,  for  the  Indians  north  of  the  S'  Lawrence 
those  West  of  the  Great  Lakes  with  the  few  who  inliabit  tlie  Sea  Ckmsts  of  New  England,  &  those 
again  wlio  live  about  the  Ohio  notwithstanding  the  respective  distances  between  them  Speak  a  lan- 
guage Radically  the  same  &  can  In  gen'  communicate  their  Wants  to  each  other;  Whilst  the 
Nations  who  live  in  the  midst  of  them,  are  Incapable  of  Conveys  a  Singlo  Idea  to  their  neighlxiurs, 
neither  can  they  pronounce  a  Word  of  their  IsngK"  with  correctness.  There  is  indeed  some  differ- 
ence of  Dialect  amongst  tlie  5  nations  themselves,  but  tlus  is  little  more  than  may  be  found  in  tlie 
Provinces  of  large  States  in  Europe. 

In  paiticulur  the  letters  M  and  P  which  Occurs  so  frequently  in  the  Languages  of  the  rest, 
cannot  be  pronounced  by  tiie  5  nations  witli  ut  tiie  utmoeit  difiiculty,  &  are  not  iu  their  language. 

But  to  pMceed  to  what  I  have  before  proposed.  The  Indians  taken  Collectively  did  Certainly  a 
few  Centurys  ago  live  under  some  more  Order  &  Gov'  than  they  du  at  present — this  may  seem  odd, 
but  it  is  tlie  Trutli  for  their  Intercourse  in  gen'  being  with  tlie  Lower  Class  of  our  Traders  they 
learn  little  fi-om  us  but  Vices,  &  Their  long  Wars  together  with  the  Immoderate  use  of  Spirituous 
Liquors  have  so  reduced  them  as  U^i  render  that  ortl'  wch  was  first  instituted  unnecessary  &  imprac- 
ticable.   Add  to  tills  that  since  the  reduction  of  Canada,  tlieir  System  of  politicks  is  changed,  Their 


VAPIitU    HKLAllMU   TO   TUK   ilX   KATIOMti 


sn 


Eyes  are  upon  us,  whom  they  consUler  us  a  people  too  formidable,  &  much  of  their  Time  is  much 
spent  in  Intrigues  of  State  to  wch  othrr  matters  have  given  place. 

But  tlio  it  does  not  ajipear  tliat  tliey  hud  tiie  use  of  Lettei-s  yet  tiie  traces  of  Government  may 
still  be  seen,  and  there  is  reason  to  behove  tliat  they  made  use  of  Hieroglyphics  Tiio  tiit-y, 
Neglect  them  at  present,  for  Hieivglypiiioks  are  understood  to  be  figures,  intended  to  conceal  some- 
what from  the  Vulgar,  But  theirs  are  drawn  to  tlie  utmost  of  their  skill  to  represent  the  thing 
intended,  for  Instance,  when  they  go  to  War,  they  paint  some  trees  with  the  figures  of  men,  often  the 
exact  number  of  their  l)arty,  and  if  tltey  go  by  Water,  tliey  delineate  a  Canoe,  when  tiiey  make 
any  atchievement,  they  maris  tlie  Handle  of  tiieir  Tomahawks  with  luimun  figures  to  signify  prisoners, 
bodies  without  heads  to  expn>88  scalps.  The  figures  which  they  affix  to  Deeds,  have  led  some  to 
imagine  that  they  had  Clioructers  or  an  Alphabet.  The  case  is  this,  every  Nation  is  divided  into  a 
Certain  Number  of  Tribes,  of  which  some  have  3.  as  the  Turtle,  Bear-  &  Wolf,  to  wch  others  add  the 
Snake,  Deer,  &ca,  each  of  These  Tribes  form  a  Little  Community  within  the  Nation,  and  as  the 
Nation  has  its  peculiar  Symbol  so  eacli  Tribe  has  the  peculiar  Badge  from  whence  it  is  denoini- 
nated,  and  a  Sacliem  of  eacli  Tribe  being  u  necessary  party  to  a  fair  Conveyance  such  Sachim  affixes 
tlie  Mark  of  tl»e  Tril>o  thereto,  wch  is  not  that  of  a  particular  family  (unless  tlie  whole  Tribe  is  so 
deemed)  but  rather  as  the  publick  Seal  of  a  Corporation. 

As  this  Letter  is  already  of  an  Iiumotlerate  Length,  I  shall  only  at  present  add,  that  witli  respect 
to  the  Deed  of  172C,  of  wch  you  sent  me  the  Signatures,  The  Transaction  was  in  some  meusiiie 
of  a  partial  nature,  wch  I  can  another  time  Explain.  All  the  Nations  of  the  Confed«y  did  not  Subscribe 
it,  and  those  Chiefs  that  did  ueglec'**'  to  pay  due  regard  [to]  their  proper  Symbols,  but  signed 
agreeable  to  fancy,  of  wltich  I  have  seen  other  Instances,  altho'  the  manner  I  have  mentioned  is 
the  most  authentic  and  agreeable  to  their  orig'  practise. 

As  to  the  information  wch  you  observe  I  formerly  Transmitted  to  the  Gov'  of  N.  York  concerning 
the  l)elt  &  15  Blootly  Sticks  sent  by  the  Mississagaes,  Tlae  like  is  very  Comon  and  the  Ind«  use 
Sticks  as  well  to  Express  the  alliance  of  Castles  as  the  number  of  Individuals  in  a  party,  Tliese 
Sticks  are  generally  ab*  6  Inches  in  length  &  very  slender  &  i>ainted  Red  if  the  Subject  is  War  but 
without  any  peculiarity  as  to  Shape.  Their  belts  are  mostly  black  Wampum,  painted  red  when 
they  denote  War  they  describe  Castles  sometimes  upon  them  as  square  figures  of  White  Wampum,  & 
in  Alliances  Human  figures  holding  a  Chain  of  friendship,  each  figure  represents  a  nation,  an  axe  is 
also  sometimes  described  wch  is  always  an  Emblem  of  War,  The  Taking  it  up  is  a  Declaration  [of 
war]  and  the  burying  it  a  token  of  Peace,  But  as  I  have  accounted  for  not  entering  into  liirther 
particulars  at  present,  I  shall  conclude  w">  assuring  you  that  if  these  loose  remarks  prove  of  any  use 
to  you,  I  shall  readily  descend  to  any  other  matters  of  Information  that  may  demonstrate  how 
much  I  am Sir  &c. 


NoTC— The  portions  of  tl>c  »bov«  letter  included  within  [  ]  are  taken  from  the  abridged  Philos.  Trans,  of  the  Royal 
Soc:  of  London,  XII.  407-400.  They  were  added,  wc  presume,  to  the  tinal  Copy  sent  to  England,  as  they  are  not  in  tho 
original  draught  which  we  follow  ftir  th«  other  portions  of  tho  letter.  VTe  have  taken  the  liberty  to  insert  them,  with  this 
explanation,  in  order  to  fUrnlih  to  the  reader  all  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  observations  on  this  interesting  subject. 


Vol,  it. 


lb 


'f^^^^f^K-;:' 


1:1 


m 


N 


f74  PANtBS  SSLATIMQ  TO   TBS  ■»  NATIOHS. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  MR.  BARTON. 

Johnson  hall  Feby  28"»  1771. 

Dear  Sir,  Your  kind  letter  of  last  July  would  not  have  remained  so  long  unanswered,  liad  it  not 
been  mislaid  for  some  time  after  a  late  tedious  Indisposition.  I  am  fully  persuaded  that  you  would 
have  answered  the  One  I  formerly  wrote  you,  but  we  must  expect  that  some  letters  will  miscarry, 
of  which  I  have  met  with  many  Instances  nearer  home. 

I  am  unable  to  make  a  Suitable  return  for  the  Warm  Wishes  you  Express  for  me,  but  I  feel  them 
very  sensibly,  and  you  liave  every  thing  in  Answer  that  the  strongest  friendship  can  dictate,  and  I 
cannot  but  greatly  regret  your  distance  &  the  peculiarity  of  your  situation  wliich  deprives  nie  of 
the  opportunity  of  a  more  friendly  intercourse,  often  Wishing  that  you  could  parlake  in  tlie  pliuslng 
prospects  wliicii  tliis  Country  now  affords  from  tlie  advancement  of  religion,  and  the  Improvements 
iu  Cultivation. 

M'  Stewart  lias  been  for  some  time  at  his  mission  where  he  is  much  Esteemed  not  only  by  tlie 
Indians  but  by  the  Dutch  Inhabitants  who  constantly  resort  to  his  Church  his  situation  enables 
me  to  see  him  often,  and  I  have  great  hopes  from  his  appointment,  M'HaIl>  has  an  allowance 
from  the  Society  and  is  to  reside  at  Canajoharie  (wliero  at  my  Cost  I  have  built  a  liandsome 
Church)  until  he  is  of  age  to  take  Orders  M'  Andrews,  who  has  brought  over  a  Wile,  is  long  since  at 
Schenectady,  he  is  sensible,  and  will  I  believe  be  of  great  use  there  being  Connected  Willi  a  principal 
Inhabitant  of  that  place  his  Congregation  is  as  yet  small  but  zealous,  &  likely  to  Increase.  The 
only  mission  in  this  Quarter  as  yet  unsupplied  is  mine  at  Johns  Town,  the  Ciiurch  at  wliich  being 
small  &  very  ill  built  I  am  preparing  Stone  &  materials  for  Erecting  one  much  stronger  and  larger, 
that  will  accomdate  near  1000  Souls. 

I  am  sorry  you  did  not  see  my  Letter  to  D'  Smith  I  do  assure  you  that,  I  thought  seriously  of 
your  desire  respecting  a  piece  of  Land,  but  as  there  was  none  to  be  had  in  such  a  situation  as  to 
make  it  imediately  of  any  value,  &  as  the  Patent  fees  &  Quit  rent  is  so  very  high  here  I  Judged  it 
imprudent  to  engage  you  in  what  must  be  Imediately  attended  with  a  good  deal  of  Expense,  and 
might  lye  as  a  dead  Charge  on  you  fur  many  Years,  because  so  many  large  Tracts  are  Patented 
which  the  owners  do  not  know  what  to  do  with  and  wliich  affords  Choice  to  settlers  at  very  low 
rates.  I  hope  by  this  time  that  tlie  Connect icutians  are  pretty  easy  and  that  you  are  reinstated  In 
your  places  in  tlie  New  Purchase,  but  whether,  or  not  I  am  in  nowise  apprehensive  that  you  want 
Philosophy  enough  to  support  Losses,  you  could  not  give  such  a  Chearful  Description  of  your 
agreable  Homestead  unless  you  were  superior  to  Disappointments,  I  hope  you  will  allways  Continue 
$0,  but  I  am  much  more  inclined  to  Wish  that  you  may  never  Experience  any  in  future,  lor  I  can 
with  Great  Truth  affirm  that  no  one  wishes  for  your  happiness  with  greater  Cordiallify  than 

Dear  Sir 

Your  most  affecti«  &  very  humble  Servt. 

The  Rev«>  M'  Barton. 

Sir  John.  Col  Johnson  &c  desire  to  be  particularly  remembered  to  you. — I  need  not  repeat  my 
desire  to  hear  from  you.  whenever  it  suits  with  your  Conveniency. 


II 


\ 


1  Graduated  at  Philadelphia  Coll.  and  was  sent  to  Canajoharie  to  learn  i'.e  Indian  language,  "  that  he  may  be  qualifled 
to  be  Cat«cbist  and  Schoolmaster  in  that  place  untill  sue!:  time  as  be  shall  be  able  to  come  over  to  take  orders  and  be  appointed 
•  miMionary ." — Jbttract  foi  1771 .    His  Salary  was  £10.    He  remained  there  only  •  year. 


5  i:  i 


111- 


II 


PAI^EU  BXLATIMO  TO  THK  llX  MATIOiri. 


in 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  REVD  MESSRS  COOPER  &  OGILVIE. 


Johnson  hall,  March  1"  1771. 

"Worthy  Sirs.  I  have  received  your  Joynt  favor  of  the  18'>>  ult".  Concerning  the  Rev'  M'.  Griffith' 
whom  I  perfectly  recollect  to  have  made  me  a  visit  about  the  time  you  mention.  That  Gentleman 
was  I  think  then  accompanied  by  M'  Brown  one  of  the  principal  Friends  of  the  Church  in 
Schenectady,  and  Imd  some  tolerable  olTcrs  made  to  him  in  Case  he  inclined  to  that  Mission  &  which 
were  fur  superior  to  what  may  be  expected  from  Glocester  according  to  the  description  I  have  of  it. 
liowever  these  olfers  he  then  thought  proper  to  decline,  and  indeed  seemed  to  think  them  inadequate 
to  his  views  and  expectations.  Since  which  I  have  heard  that  he  was  appointed  to  the  Mission 
which  he  has  lately  left.  Whatever  objections,  on  account  of  his  family,  or  otherwise  might  have 
induced  him  to  reject  Schenectady  must  Certainly  operate  in  as  high  a  degree  against  this  place, 
as  it  is  not  only  more  retired,  but  must  in  some  degree  depend  upon  myself,!  am  therefore  at  a  Loss 
what  to  say  in  favor  of  that  Gentleman's  present  Desire  as  well  ii-om  the  Circumstances  I  have 
mentioned,  as  from  the  Expectation  I  have  of  a  Missionary  for  this  place  in  consequence  of  a 
former  Letter  from  D'  Burton  who  promised  to  have  enquiry  made  (in  case  none  Could  be  had  from 
England)  for  some  person  of  Zeal  &  Piety  who  has  received  a  Collegiate  Education  at  Dublin. 

I  have  pleasure  to  acquaint  you  tlmt  Mess"  Steward  and  Andrews,  are  much  esteemed,  land 
will  I  persuade  myself  greatly  promote  Religion  in  these  parts,  and  when  aided  by  the  appointments 
of  Disinterested,  and  Indefatigable  Men  for  this  Mission  &  Conajoharee  will  much  advance  Christi- 
anity in  Gen>  and  the  Church  of  England  in  particular. 

I  am,  with  true  esteem  Gentlemen  &c 

Mess"  Cooper  &  Ogilvie. 

P.  S.  The  great  regard  which  I  shall  always  pay  to  your  Judgment  &  recommendation  obliges 
me  to  observe  that  I  drew  my  observations  from  what  passed  with  respect  to  the  Schenectady 
Mission,  In  wliich  I  may  have  been  mistaken,  for  I  have  no  objection  to  M'  Griffiths  Character  or 
abilities,  neither  can  I  have  any  whensifpported  by  authority  that  have  so  much  weight  with  me. 


1  Rev.  Datid  GRi7riTB,D.D.  went  to  England  for  orders  in  1770.  On  being  ordained  he  returned  to  this  country  with  an 
appointment  as  Missionary  to  Glocester,  X.J.  He  relinquished  this  mission  however,  soon  after,  and  moved  into  Virginia.  In 
July  1770,  he  was  appointed  Chaplain  and  Surgeon  to  the  .3d.  Virg  ;  Batalioti:  he  being  a  person  of  "  uncommon  merit." 
{jtmcr:  ^Irck:  6<A,  Ser.  i.  1588.)  After  the  peace,  we  find  him  pastor  of  the  parish  of  Fairfax,  Va.  of  which  State  he  was 
elected  Bishop  in  178Q,  but  he  was  never  consecrated.  Owing  to  his  poverty  and  the  deranged  state  of  his  private  affhirs, 
he  was  unable  to  proceed  to  England  fur  consecration.  In  1789  he  resigned  the  otBce,  and  on  the  3d  August  of  that  year  he 
died  in  Philadelphia,  at  the  residence  of  the  Bishop  of  Penn.,  having  come  to  that  city  as  a  delegate  to  the  Episcopal 
Convention.  "In  his  feelings  and  conduct"  (say  i  Dr.  Hawks,)  "ho  was  thoroughly  American;  he  thought  the  Colonies 
wronged  by  the  Mother  Country,  and  throughout  the  struggle  for  Independence,  he  advocated  their  cause.  He  had 
deliberately  cast  In  his  lot  with  the  great  majority  of  his  countrymen,  and  in  the  alternations  of  storm  and  of  sunshine,  through 
which  they  passed  in  the  achievement  of  their  liberties,  he  was  ever  found  true  to  hit  principles.  When  he  died  the  church 
iMt  •  useful  and  a  worthy  man."    Eo. 


f 


!■  ; 


276  PAPEBB   RELATIirO  TO  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 

SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD  CHS  INGIIS. 

Jolinson  hall  March  27"'  1771. 

Good  Sir,  I  have  had  the  favor  of  yours  of  the  8th  Inst,  and  I  thank  you  as  well  for  the  par- 
ticulars you  Goinmuuicated  to  me,  as  for  the  kind  manner  in  whicli  your  friendship  has  Induced 
you  to  speak  of  myself  on  the  Subject  I  have  so  much  at  lieart. 

I  am  persuaded  from  D'  Burtons  Letter  that  tlie  Society  would  willingly  do  all  in  their  power,  for 
carrying  so  important  a  plan  into  Execution,  and  Esteem  it  an  Iionor  to  receive  so  many  assurances 
of  tlieir  favorable  opiuion  of  my  little  endeavors.  But  I  have  great  Reason  to  appreliend  that 
the  Generality  of  the  men  of  Rank  are  but  Cool  in  matters  of  Religion,  otiierwise,  I  should  thiuk 
tluit  a  plan  of  that  sort  would  come  witli  great  Weight  &  strict  propriety  from  His  Grace  of  Canter- 
buiy,  or  tlie  Bishop  of  London,  in  their  Ecclcsiastick  Capacity,  and  I  am  really  concerned  at 
reading  tliat  part  wliere  you  say  Tiiat  similar  applications  from  tlie  Society  first,  liave  been  fre- 
quently postponed  and  neglected  because  it  is  a  proof  that  my  apprehensions  are  but  too  well  ibunded 
otIitT'.vJse  I  cannot  see  why  a  Religious  Society  in  whicli  are  some  of  the  Greatest  Men  in  England 
should  not  meet  With  all  Imaginable  Countenance  on  any  Religious  Subject,  where  the  Object 
appeared  so  meritorious,  whilst  every  species  of  Dissenters  finds  favor,  and  Support  on  the  application 
of  the  meanest  Engines  that  can  be  found  out — This  extraordinary  lukewarmness  in  matters  of  this 
nature,  may  I  believe  in  some  measure  be  attributed  to  the  peculiar  cast  of  Modern  politicks.  It  l>eing 
first  forged  by  tlie  Dissenters  &  echoetl  by  every  Scribler,  as  now  to  be  too  generally  believed.  That 
the  Missionaries  busy  themselves  mostly  in  Converting  worthy  &  pious  Dissenters,  and  that  these 
pious  people  will  be  alarmed. 

I  remember  to  have  read  of  a  king  of  France,  forbidding  a  neighbouring  state  to  build  a  single 
Galley  as  his  fleet  was  sufficient  to  scour  their  seas,  and  I  am  certain  the  Conduct  of  the  Dissenters 
greatly  resembles  that  of  the  Monarch,  but  that  their  power  is  as  yet  less  than  his.  For  those  of 
Consequence  amst  them,  tlio'  many  of  them  are  Libertines  in  their  sentiments,  yet  all  of  them  are 
strongly  interested  in  whatever  regards  their  profession,  and  in  this  Country  they  foresee  that  if  the 
Established  Church  is  encouraged,  its  Comeliness  may  with'  much  Efforts  of  our  Missionaries 
draw  many  of  their  people  to  it  as  well  as  regain  scv'  of  its  old  Members  who  for  want  of  any 
other  places  of  Worship  in  some  parts  have  become  Dissenters,  But  as  Pride  &  policy  forbid  their 
discovering  the  True  Causes,  they  affect  apprehensions  that  our  Church  may  pursue  unwarrantable 
measures  to  acquire  a  Dominion  over  their  tender  Consciences  and  In  America  presume  even  to  take 
oflence  at  any  additional  Estiiblishinents  in  our  faV.  That  Their  party  is  not  to  be  disobliged  at  all 
In  England  seems  to  be  a  maxim  amongst  the  Great,  which  is  a  plain  Confession  of  the  strength 
of  their  Union,  Whilst  from  this  Country,  they  enileavor  to  persuade  men  in  power  of  the  general 
prevalence  of  their  opinions,  and  the  great  Dread  of  a  people  Jealous  of  their  Rights  who  fled 
from  Religious  persecution.  Tho'  in  truth  they  can  boast  of  no  superiority  if  tlie  members  of  the 
Church,  The  Foreign  Protestants,  Quakers  &c.  are  taken  together  as  they  may  be  for  these  liavsr  no 
design  agt  us,  Do  not  in  fact  Joyn  them  in  opinion  or  entertain  any  apprehensions  so  Injurious  to 
the  Chli  of  England,  so  that  as  I  formerly  observed  this  artfull  false  representation  should  be 
enlarged  on  at  home,  and  Eradicated  for  untill  that  is  done  I  do  not  see  much  prospect  of  encour- 
agement, and  I  believe  the  great  are  so  much  afraid  of  the  imputation  of  being  priest  ridden,  that 
they  dare  not  give  the  Church  tliat  Countenance,  or  the  injoyment  of  all  its  rights  and  Ceremonies, 
which  is  so  highly  necessary  &  reasonable  in  a  Land  of  Liberty  accord?  to  the  Dissenters  own 
urguraeats,  if  the  members  of  our  Church  are  allowed  to  have  any  Conscience  at  all. 


i  I 


1^  i 


i 


rAVKM    RELATING   TO   THE  SIX   NATIONS 


277 


I  have  already  wrote  to  Lord  Hillsborough  (to  whom  ray  Corresponoence  Is  now  Confined)  & 
have  Ailly  stated  my  opinion  on  the  Relig'<  wants  and  desires  ot  the  Ind'  and  I  believe  it  would  be 
deemed  out  of  my  way  to  urge  it  further  by  sending  him  a  plan  before  he  answers  that  part  of  my 
Letter  tho'  rather  than  it  sho*!  fail  thro'  any  neglect  of  mine  I  would  do  it. 

I  cannot  tliink  that  the  plan  can  be  in  lietter  hands,  or  prepared  so  well  by  any  other  than  a  Gentle- 
man of  your  abilities  and  zeal,  and  therefore  I  liope  you'll  frame  it  yourself: — as  to  tlie  motives  to  be 
enlarged  on  that  should  Induce  Gov*  to  Countenance  it,  I  think  (ams*  others)  That  it  will  have  a 
happy  Etfect  in  removi  many  Cireuiustances  of  Jealousy  &  displayg  his  Majestys  tender  regard  for 
their  Aiture  happiness,  and  tliis  I  assui'e  you  even  those  Ind*  are  capable  of  seeing  who  liave  never 
been  Christianized  : — In  the  next  place  It  will  make  them  Members  of  a  Cluirch  which  teaches  an 
obedience  to  Supreme  Authority  &  a  reverence  for  Government,  which  are  principles  much  Wanting 
among  them,  and  as  it  will  llnally  prove  the  means  of  their  becoming  membei-s  of  Civil  Society,  so 
their  being  of  the  National  Church  will  strengthen  the  Tye  &  add  Weight  to  tliat  Religion  which  In 
Justice  &  policy  ought  liere  to  be  promoted.  Besides  wiiich  It  would,  soon  prove  a  means  of 
alienating  them  from  our  Enemys,  wlio  constantly  observe  to  them  that  we  take  no  care  of  their 
salvation,  &  by  the  Pi-oselytes  they  made  to  the  Clmrch  of  Rome  were  enabled  to  &  yet  may 
distress  us  greatly  Add  to  this  that  it  is  perhaps  the  only  opportunity  for  many  reasons  that  ever 
may  oifer,  wiiich  occurring  in  the  Reign  of  a  most  virtuous  &  Pious  Prince  will  reflect  much  Glory 
on  his  administration 

I  am  glad  to  hear  that  since  we  are  to  have  a  new  Gov  so  suddenly,  his  Character  appears  so 
amiable  as  I  find  it  does  accords  to  tlie  ace'  of  sev'  Correspond". 

I  sliall  not  fail  to  delivery  message  to  Odeserundy  whicli  will  make  him  happy  and  should  you  on 
some  future  occasion  Write  him  3  or  1  lines  It  would  yield  great  Satisfaction  to  all  the  village. 

Between  ourselves  (for  it  sliou"!  not  be  Comunicated  to  some  people)  I  sho"*  tell  you  that  the 
German  Lutheran  Minister  at  Stoneraby  (a  fine  settlement  near  this)  has  Expresed  a  desire  to  me  of 
taking  orders  in  our  Cluu'ch,  &  wliat  is  more  Extraordinary  his  Whole  Congregation  desire  to 
become  members  of  the  same  This  Sliews  what  tlie  chh  niight  Expect  with  due  Countenance  I  intend 
to  mention  this  affair  to  D'  Auchmuty  to  whom  I  beg  my  Complim"  &  that  you'll  acquaint  him  that 
I  shall  Write  him  by  next  post. 

Tiie  bad  Weather  came  on  so  Suddenly  after  the  Snow  that  S'  John  was  disappointed  of  going 
down,  he  desires  his  kind  Complem^'as  do  Coll^  Clans  &  Johnson,  and  I  amallways  with  perfect  Esteem 

J>'  Sir. 


r."'. 
t  ' 


m 


r 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

Jolinson  hall  April  4'»»  1771. 
Good  Sir  I  am  Sorry  to  have  remained  so  long  in  your  debt  as  now  at  this  distance  of  time  to 
acknowledge  the  rest  of  your  favor  of  the  23"'  Nov  last,  soon  after  receiving  your  Letter  both  M' 
Stewart  5c  Andrews  arrived  at  their  respective  Missions  where  they  aiford  promising  hopes  of 
advancing  the  Cause  of  Religion.  I  see  M'  Stewart  frequently  he  is  learning  the  Indian  language 
and  Seems  pleased  with  a  Study  so  necessary  to  a  man  in  his  Situation.  And  he  is  much  esteemed 
by  the  neiglibouring  Wliite  people  who  frequent  his  church,  and  even  some  of  them  liave  sollicited 
him  to  perform  the  rites  of  baptism  and  burial,  tho'  they  have  a  Minister  of  their  own  Clmrch. 
The  Indians  seem  pleased  &  the  School  goes  on  very  well. 


m\ 


378 


PAPERS    RCLATIMO   TO   THE  BIX   NATIOMS. 


! 


'*'Miii! 


I  cannot  but  think  with  yon  that  there  Is  liowever  a  Want  of  becoming  zeal  amongst  many  whose 
duty  it  is  to  promote  tlie  Interests  of  the  Chnrcl),  and  to  procure  its  members  tlie  full  Enjoyment 
of  all  tlieir  rites  &  Ceieiiionii-s,  to  wliicli  tliey  have  surely  an  undoubted  title.  If  other  Denorai- 
nn(it)ii8  lliid  free  iiidiilgoiu-o  But  as  tlie  neglects  of  Superiors  in  Cliurch  &  Slate  must  be  ascribed 
to  the  artilloes  t)f  tliose  who  persuade  Men  in  Kurope  tiiat  its  Members  here  are  few  &  Inconsidera- 
ble Sucli  Notions  must  I  iielieve  be  eradicated  l)efore  much  assistance  can  be  £x;)ected. 

Ti'  Ihirton  has  not  lately  wi-otc  me  any  thiuf:;  material  So  that  I  know  not  what  has  been  done, 
respecting  my  ofter  of  land,  or  any  otlier  matter,  jierliaps  the  paquet  now  daily  Expected  may  bring 
us  something,  on  tiiese  heads.  WItatever  zeal  we  want  is  made  up  by  the  abundance  of  it  amongst 
the  Dissenters,  who  (tho  many  of  tliem  have  as  little  Religion  as  any  of  their  neighbours)  Support 
their  Cause  with  all  their  strength,  from  maxims  of  policy,  an  Example  which  we  should  follow, 
If  no  other  argument  has  sufficient  force. 

The  pros]ieet  which  is  at  present  atforded  in  this  increasing  Coimtry  is  so  great  that,  I  hope  when 
Men  in  power  are  more  disengaged  from  Domestic  Concerns,  they  may  turn  their  Eyes  to  America, 
and  without  any  attempts  on  tlie  Consciences  of  other  Men,  endeavor  to  Strengthen  the  National 
Cbuich.  But  this  point  cannot  be  long  neglected  otherwise  it  will  never  answer.  I  desired 
our  friend  M'  Inglis  to  mention  a  Circumstance  concerning  Religion  here  that  I  think  you  ouglit  to 
know.  Tlie  Lutheran  Minister  at  Stoneraby  has  lately  in  a  voluntary  Manner  without  any  previous 
Arguments  to  Induce  him  thereto  desired  to  take  orders  in  the  Church  of  England,  and  what  is  much 
more  Strange,  It  is  the  desire  of  his  Congregation  that  he  should  do  so.  The  great  difficulty  is 
That,  they  will  be  without  a  Minister  during  his  absence,  and  that  it  will  be  attended  with  an  Expence 
which  from  their  great  Occonomy,  they  do  not  chuse  to  Incurr,  Especially  as  they  have  some 
Charitable  Establishments  amongst  themselves,  that  are  Chargeable. — If  therefore  any  thing  could 
be  fallen  upon,  or  that  the  Society  would  take  it  into  Consideration,  and  that  at  the  same  time  it 
Could  1)6  Carried  through  without  making  much  noise,  It  would  add  the  Majority  of  Inhabitants  of  a 
very  fine  Settlement  to  the  Church,  and  as  they  are  Foreigners  must  strengthen  their  allegiance  to 
Gov't.    I  shall  be  glad  to  have  your  thoughts  on  this  and  Am  allways  with  true  regard. 

D'  Sir  &c 


'nil 


SIR  WM.   JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  DR.  AUCHMUTY, 

CONCERNING   THE  REVD  MR  HANNA   OF   SCHENECTADY. 

Johnson-lmll  May  24ti'  1771. 
Good  Sir,  I  wrote  to  you  the  4th  of  last  Month,  and  amongst  other  things  mentioned  the  affair  of 
the  Lutheran  Minister  near  this  place  since  which  I  have  l)een  applied  to  by  M'  VV™  Hanna  of 
Schenectady  who  was  formerly  a  Presbyterian  Minister  at  Albany,  since  which,  he  has  practised 
the  I^w  in  this  County,  and  now  expresses  an  anient  desire  to  talio  Orders  in  tlic  Cinnch  of 
England  and  become  a  Missionary,  he  has  entreated  me  to  befriend  him  in  his  application  and 
delivered  me  the  Originals  together  witii  a  Cojiy  which  I  now  inclose  you  of  Sun(hy  Testimonials 
In  lavor  of  his  Abilities  &  Character. — he  complains  that  the  Presbyterians  who  liad  a  p;reat  esteem 
for  him  whilst  he  was  their  pastor  are  since  warm  against  him,  &  he  prolesses  mucli  Zeul  & 
inclination  for  the  Church  of  which  he  says  he  formerly  would  have  become  a  member  but  for  the 
prejudices  ag*  it  which  his  father  entertained. 


rAPKUt   RBLATIMe   TO   THK  MX   MATIOMa. 


879 


I  thought  it  best  to  Lay  the  matter  before  you,  who  may  have  it  in  your  power  to  make  necessary 
enquirys  coucerning  him,  &  who  can  best  Judge  whether  he  deserves  encouragement  under  these 
Circumstances,  ns  my  acquaintance  with  him,  or  his  conduct  wiil  not  enable  nie  to  be  more  particular. 

I  am  just  tinishing  my  post  Letters  so  can  only  add  at  present  that  I  am  always  with  truth  and 
regard,  Dear  Sir  &o 

The  Rev<)  D'  Auchmuty. 


REVD.  MR.  HANNA'S  TESTIMONIALS. 

Schenectady  May  6th  1771. 
To  all  whopi  may  Concern,  the  Bearer  Wm  Hannah  lived  several  Years  under  ray  Inspection 
&  read  La.. ,  <^reek  Classicks  under  .  '  '.'.\.ition  :  has  taught  the  uatin  for  the  Space  of  a  Year 
past  &  began  to  tva^n  the  Greek  Classicks  to  the  good  acceptance  of  his  Imployers ;  &  as  he  has  well 
acquited  himself  in  the  Former,  I  doubt  not  his  Capacity  to  teach  the  Later  upon  Due  Preelection  to 
which  I  expect  he  will  be  naturally  Inclined  he  is  Sober  &  Regular  as  to  liis  moral  Character 
certified  at  Nottingham  Octo  2J  175G  by  S.  Finley. 

That  the  Bearer  hereof  William  Hanna  assisted  me  in  teaching  Greek  &  Latin  more  than  a  year 
conducted  iuolfensively  &  Soberly,  was  faitiiful  in  his  Business  &  beliaved  to  tlie  good  acceptance 
both  of  Eiuployei's  &  Scholars  and  I  doubt  not  if  he  is  employed  in  teaching  again  but  he  will 
deserve  tlie  same  Cliaracter  is  certified  at  Pequea  February  19.1757. 

p'  RoBT  Smith  V.  D.  M. 

Philad"  March  10  1759. 
Tliis  is  to  certify  that  the  Bearer  M'  William  Hannah  was  regularly  admitted  unto  the  Jersey 
College  at  Prince- Town  behaved  himself  solwrly  while  in  it,  &  iipplyed  liiniself  diligently  to  his 
Studies  and  had  passed  one  Examination  for  a  Degree  witli  the  appi'ol)ation  of  tlie  Trustees  &  would 
have  been  admitted  to  tl\e  Honours  of  the  College  had  he  attended  at  tlie  Commencement  last ;  For  he 
left  the  College  only  for  a  Season  by  Pernjission  of  the  authority  of  it,  &  was  as  well  Qutilifled  to 
stand  a  second  Examination  as  any  one  of  his  Class  wlio  were  all  admitted  without  Exception. 
So  that  the  only  reason  of  his  not  geliug  a  Degree  was  his  absence  lie  was  free  of  ail  College 
Censure  Certified  per  John  Ewing. 

New  York  May  8  1759. 
Tills  is  to  Certify  that  M'  John  Ewing  was  Tutor  of  the  Jersey  College  at  Princetown  last  year  I 
the  Subscriber  being  liis  Pupil.  Peter  Rt  Livingston' 

This  may  certify  that  M'  William  Hannah  is  a  member  of  the  church  of  Christ  in  Salisbury  in  full 
Communion  &  in  Regular  Standing  &  as  such  is  recommended  to  Occasional  or  stated  communion  in 
the  Church  of  Christ  wherever  Providence  may  call  him  Testes  Jonathan  Lee  Pastor  of  said 
Clmrch  May  21th  17C0. 

1  Col.  Pktkr  R.  LiviNOSTON,  son  or  Robert  third  proprietor  of  tlio  Manor  of  Livinrston,  v.-as  born  Mny  8th  1737,  and 
mnrriod  Margaret,  daughter  of  James  Livingston,  merchant  of  New. Voils.  He  was  ciccud  to  represent  the  Manor  in  tlio 
provincial  Assembly  in  1761,  17()8,  and  again  in  1774.  At  the  bronking  out  of  the  Revolution  lie  adhered,  with  other  mom 
bers  of  the  family,  to  the  side  of  American  liberty,  and  In  1776  wos  choien  president  of  the  Provincial  Convention  as  well  ai 
chairman  of  the  committee  of  safety,  and  was  employed  In  otiier  departments  •f  the  publie  servlea.  He  died  16th  Novr  . 
1794,  aged  67  years.    His  sister  Mary  married  Hon.  James  Duane. — Kn. 


880 


l>APKM  ilKLATIMU   I'O   THK  MIX   ^ATI09tS. 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Association  of  Litchfield  County  in  Sharon  on  Wednesday  May  28  A  D  1760 
M'  Wiillam  Hanna  B.  A.  offered  himself  to  Examination  in  Order  to  obtain  Licence  to  Preach 
the  Gos{)el,  wlio  was  accordingly  examined  &  this  Association  liaving  examined  hlin  according  to 
our  Stated  Rules  look  upon  him  competently  Qualified  to  Preach  tlie  Gospel  &  accordingly  tlie  said 
William  Hanna  Is  liereby  Licensed  to  Preacli  the  Gospel  under  the  Conduct  &  Direction  of  tliis 
Assochition  &  do  recommend  him  accordingly  wishing  lie  may  be  useful  to  the  Clmrches  examined 
and  attested  per  Jonathan  Lke    Scribe. 

Tliese  are  to  certify,  that  tlie  Rev  J  William  Hanna  was  regularly  appointed  to  the  Pastoral  Cure 
of  tills  dock  :  that  he  performed  the  Ministerial  Functions  for  the  space  of  about  5  years  amongst 
us  ;  and  mentained  an  unblemished  Moral  &  Religious  cliaracter  during  his  incumbancy  ;  but  us 
he  has  lately  taken  a  civil  Commission  from  the  Governor  wliicli  we  api)rehend  must  naturally  call 
off  his  attention  from  his  Pastoral  Duties  :  and  as  it  is  not  customary  tor  any  Minister  in  our  Ciiurch 
to  bear  a  Civl'  office.  We  do  therefore  humbly  pray  that  it  would  please  the  Presbytery  to  grant  us 
a  Disndssion  i'rom  the  Reverend  M'  William  Hanna  wlilch  We  are  the  Moore  Incouraged  to  hope 
for,  us  he  lias  promised  unanimously  to  concur  with  us  in  the  same  Request  Signed  Jointly  by  the 
Elders  of  the  English  Presbyterian  Church  in  Albany.  John  McCrea' 

,  John  Munro" 

July  9th  17C7.  Robt.  Henrv. 

A  true  Copy  Joseph  Peck  Clerk  taken  at  the  Request  of  M'  Hanna  the  Presbytery  Papers  on  file. 


REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

4 

New  York  June  the  1 1  •»>  1 771 . 

Worthy  Sir,  I  deferred  answering  your  favor  of  April  the  4'*>,  in  hopes  of  having  some  Letters 
from  the  Society  concerning  your  generous  offer,  or  otiier  business  of  consequence,  to  communicate 
to  you.  I  have  at  length  received  two,  one  from  the  Bishop  of  London,  and  one  from  Dr.  Burton, 
both  relating  to  one  subject  only ;  which  shows  the  low  state  of  their  Finances,  and  effectually 
shuts  the  Door  against  future  applications.     The  D'  in  his  letter  says, 

"  It  would  give  the  Society  a  very  sincere  pleasure,  if  they  were  able  to  return  a  satisfactory 
answer  to  the  several  recommendations  which  they  receive,  and  make  a  suitable  allowance  to  tlie 
persons  recommended:  But  having  already  gone  to  the  very  utmost  of  our  abilities,  and  even 
beyond  them,  we  are  now  under  the  necessity  of  giving  refusals  in  several  instances  :  For  as  I  have 
said  in  other  letters,  if  we  go  on  to  establish  new  missions,  we  shall  soon  have  nothing  left  to 
support  our  old  ones." 

His  Lortlslup  of  London  is  rather  more  explicit,  on  the  subject,  for  he  says  that  "  the  State  of  the 
Society  will  not  allow  us  to  establish  any  new  missions :  The  Expences  increase  daily,  &,  far  exceed 
our  annual  Income  :  It  is  hoped  therefore  that  no  persons  will  be  sent  over  upon  the  presumption 
of  new  appointments,  whicli  cannot  jiossibly  be  comply'd  with  in  our  present  circumstances." 


1  Col.  JoHH  McCre\  was  the  brother  of  the  celebrated,  though  unfortunate  Jane  McCrea. 
town  of  Northumberland,  Saratoga  Co. 

\  Thin  gentleman  removed  afterward*  to  Vermont 


He  removed  in  1773  to  tho 


PAPERS    HELATIMO   TO   Til"   SIX    KATIOWS. 


Mt. 


Tliese  Letters  eiTectually  stop  all  tiiture  applications  for  new  missions,  which  must  greatly  retard 
the  Growth  of  the  Church  in  America. 

The  Lutheran  minister  you  mention  and  his  people  would  be  a  considerable  aquisition  to  the 
Cliurch,  and  some  method  if  possible  should  be  fallen  upon  to  send  him  lionie  fur  ordination.  If  iie 
is  sensible  and  of  a  good  character,  I  iiialce  no  doubt  but,  upon  being  properly  recommended,  he 
would  meet  with  assistance  from  tlie  Bishops.  But  this  lie  must  not  altogether  depend  upon.  Sup- 
pose (if  lie  and  liis  people  continue  in  the  same  mind)  that  you  should  be  so  gootl  as  to  represent 
his  Case  to  the  Society,  and  though  they  will  not  erect  new  missions,  they  may  eitheras  a  pulillc 
Body,  or  as  private  persons,  who  ought  to  promote  tlie  Interests  of  tlie  Churcli,  make  him  a  present 
of  as  niucli  as  will  defray  his  Expences  :  but  tills  assurance  should  be  obtained  before  lie  inibarl<s. 
I  will  idso  write  in  his  favor,  and  befriend  him  in  every  thing  in  ray  power.  I  would  propose  a 
subscription  liere  fur  Him,  but  our  people  are  so  often  culled  upon  for  their  money,  that  I  sliould 
be  afraid  to  attenii)t  it.  As  to  tlie  Difficulty  of  supplying  his  people  with  a  minister  in  liis  absence  I 
think  that  miglit  in  a  great  measure  l)e  obviated,  by  M''  Stewart's  \ ,  iting  tliem  as  often  iis  lie  possibly 
can.     perhaps  M'  Andrews  may  be  induced  to  assist. 

Since  the  Receipt  of  your  last  of  May  tlie  4"',  I  have  intbrmed  myself  as  well  as  I  have  been  alile 
concerning  the  Gentleman  you  mentioned.  His  moral  character  formerly  was  very  good ;  but 
since  he  has  commenced  Lawyer  it  is  altered.  Many  dirty  things  are  reported  of  him,  which  if  true, 
must  greatly  hurt  him.  I  have  consulted  with  several  of  ray  Brethren  on  the  Subject,  some  of  tliem 
know  him ;  they  are  unanimous  in  thinking  it  will  not  do  for  us  to  recommend  him  for  ninny 
reasons,  which  we  can  inform  you  of,  if  desired.  If  tlie  Gentleman  is,  from  a  motive  of  Conscience 
desirous  of  taking  the  Gown,  I  then  would  recommend  it  to  him  to  get  recommendations  to  my  Lord 
Baltimore,  who  can  provide  for  liiui  at  a  distance  from  his  old  Friends  the  Dissenters,  who  will  lie 
watching  every  opportunity  to  prejudice  him,  and  render  abortive  any  usefulness  he  may  attfn.pt  to 
be  of.  I  am  very  certain  it  will  nev«ir  do  fur  him  to  think  of  settling  in  these  parts  ;  neither  would 
it  do  for  the  Clergy  at  present  to  take  iiim  by  the  hand  not  out  of  fear  or  regaid  for  the  Dissenters, 
but  for  fear  of  conse<iuences  which  after  a  previous  in(|uiiy,  naturally  arise. 

Tims  Sir  I  have  freely  and  candidly  given  you  my  sentiments  on  the  main  Subjects  of  the  two  lust 
Letters  you  honoured  mu  with;  if  they  should  appear  satisliiotury  to  you  I  shall  l)e  greatly  pleased. 

Belbre  I  conclude,  I  must  just  observe  to  yon  tliat  his  Lordship  of  London  &  Dr.  B<irtoii  are  both 
silent  with  regard  to  an  American  Bishop ;  and  indeed,  such  are  the  conlusions  at  Home  and  Religion 
so  little  adverted  to,  that  I  see  no  prospect  as  jet  of  succeeding  ;  unless,  the  late  applications  of 
the  Maryland  clergy  backed  by  their  Brethren  of  Virginia,  which  I  have  reason  to  think  is  now 
about  taking  place,  should  demand  a  little  attention,  and  convince  the  ministry  that  the  American 
clergy  are  determined  to  pursue  such  steps  as  Conscience  and  loyalty  suggest,  till  they  succeed  in 
what  they  have  as  Christians  and  dutiful  Subjects,  an  undoubted  riglit  to  petition  for.  The 
Bishop  of  London  informs  me,  that  his  Grace  of  Canterbury  &  himself  in  a  very  particular  manner 
recommended  to  my  Lord  Dunmore  "  the  protection  of  the  Church  and  Clergy  in  the  province  of  New 
York."     You  will  doubtless  conclude  that  he  has  taken  great  notice  of  the  recommendation. 

I  have  the  Honor  to  be  (with  great  respect  and  sincere  regard)  Worthy  Sir, 

Your  much  Obliged  and  most  ob*  serv* 

Samuel  Auchmutv. 

P.  S.  please  to  remember  me  to  my  little  Brother,  the  Father  of  the  Mohawks.    It  gives  me  great 
plear  to  find  that  he  is  much  esteemed  &  likes  his  present  situation. 
Sir  Wm  Johnson. 

Vol..  IV.  36 


J 


I 


I 


m 


!,'4,V.  f.    vf. !,'.••'    ■        'I 


rAPEBt   RRtilTINa  TO  THE   IIX   NATIOM. 

REVD.  H.  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


Albany  June  25, 1771. 

Hon''"'  Sir,  Having  so  favourable  an  opportunity,  by  my  good  Friend  M'  Joseph  Ilrent,  I  beg 
Leave  to  present  ray  best  Respects  to  you  &  all  the  family,  and  to  inform  you,  that  the  Rfv<i  M' 
Inglis  of  New  York  has  wrote  you  by  me  ;  The  Letter  has  been  Sent  by  your  Post,  &.  I  hope,  is 
come  safe  to  hand.  You  have  heard,  I  understand,  of  some  foolish  people,  that  have  been  endeav- 
ouring to  disturb  the  peace  of  my  Congregation  ;  and  am  sorry  to  learn,  that  my  Conduct  in  tlii-t 
aflair,  has  not  been  represented  to  you  in  the  most  favourable  light.  Tlie  whole  affair  was  so  silly 
&  ridiculous,  tliat  I  did  not  tliink  it  worth  while  to  trouble  you  with  an  accouut  thereof.  I  intend 
soon  however,  to  wait  upon  you  Sir,  at  the  Hall ;  till  then  I  trust  to  your  Candour,  that  you  will 
Suspeud  any  Judgement  of  the  matter,  till  you  hear  my  Story — audi  et  alteram  partem. — I  shall 
only  mention  at  present,  that  my  Congregation  is  in  perfect  peace,  and  Quietness  ;  notwithstanding 
any  malicious  Reports  to  the  Contrary.  I  remain  with  great  Esteem  k  Respect, 
'  Hon^'*  Sir,  Your  most  Obedient  Servant. 

To  Sir  William  Johnson.  Harry  Munro. 


M. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  MR.  INGLIS, 

RKI-ATIVr.    TO    HIS    PLAN     FOR    CHRISTIANISING     THE     INDIANS. 

Johnson  hall  July  4'''  1771. 

Good  Sir,  Your  favor  of  tlie  25"'  of  May  has  been  for  some  time  in  my  hands,  but  I  was  pre- 
vented by  business  from  answering  it  sooner,  and  Indeed  I  am  us  yet  unable  to  do  so  as  I'uUy  as  I 
could  wish. 

I  very  much  approve  of  the  plan  you  have  laid  down  for  your  Design,  as  well  as  of  the  heads 
under  which  it  is  to  be  digested,  as  they  will  Amuse  and  Instruct,  at  the  same  time  tliat  tliey 
enforce  the  Arguments  in  favor  of  its  particular  object.  The  principal  diiRcultys  in  the  way  of 
Christianizing  tlie  Indians  does  not  depend  on  tliem,  but  remain  with  ourselves.  First,  The  Want 
hitlierto  of  a  thorougli  knowledge  of  their  Genius  and  Disposition,  or  of  the  proper  means  to  be 
pursued.  Secondly,  the  want  of  zeal  and  Perseverance,  Sufficient  for  such  an  arduous  undertaking 
whicli  has  often  rendered  many  attempts  abortive,  and  that  where  these  Qualities  have  been  Ibuiid 
united  (as  amt  some  of  tlie  Dissenters)  Tiie  possessors  are  not  only  deficient  in  knowledge  and 
Capacity,  but  of  a  Gloomy  Severity  of  manners  totally  disqualifying  tliem  from  sucli  a  Task. 
Tliirdly,  Tlie  Want  of  a  Suitable  fund  that  may  enable  the  few  otherwise  fitting  lor  the  purpose 
to  attempt  it. 

That  some  may  be  found  equal  to  the  business  I  have  no  doubt,  and  from  the  ElTects  which  the 
Religion  of  our  Church  produces  on  the  Dispositions  ot  Its  Members,  It  is  most  reasonable  to  think 
that  sucli  would  lie  found  amoiistst  us,  wh6'  would  insinuate  tlie  principles  of  Cliristianity  in  a 
manner  that  would  be  luort  pleasing  to  the  Indians  and  most  likely  To  succeed,  but  tliis  hist  is  a 
remark  entre  nouji,  as  pnssihly  it  wuld  lie  furiously  attacked — Tlio'  Indeed  yon  must  Expict  tiiiit 
any  t'uiigyoucan  Write  wliicli  will  tend,  to  obstruct  tlieir  Schemes,  or  to  tluow  this  important 
business  into  other  hands,  will  meet  with  strong  opposition,  and  lie  bitterly  answered. 


f; 


PAPKRS    HRLATIMO   TO  THK   MX   NATIUNI. 


8US 


You  propose,  (and  I  think  it  will  Illustrate  your  design)  Timt  one  of  your  lieads  shall  be  a  short 
Historlrul  and  Topographical  account  &c  us  most  pieces  tliat  have  appeared  on  this  Subject  are 
very  deffective,  ajid  as  none  of  them  could  when  Written  or  IVom  the  tlien  State  of  Information  b« 
Correct,  It  will  greatly  add  to  tlie  merit  of  your  Work  to  place  these  points  ii»  tlieir  true  Liglit,  but 
B8  this  is  a  Work  of  dilliculty,  which  Will  require  a  very  particular  Information  I  should  think  It 
the  safest  to  give  a  General  Brief  Sketch  of  it,  whicli  will  sufficiently  answer  the  design — The  Con- 
A  ei'sion  of  tlie  Imllans  would  greatly  Contribute  to  secure  them  h>  our  Interest,  and  prove  a  means 
of  Counteracting  tlie  future  designs  of  the  French  who  certainly  are  very  buiiy  In  sowing  the  seeds 
of  discontent  amongst  the  Ind'  and  will  Continue  to  do  Whilst  they  have  any  Intercourse  with  any 
part  of  tlie  Continent. — Under  the  Circumstances  which  promise  success  to  such  an  attempt  at  this 
time  I  am  of  opinion  that  our  possessions  of  Canada  does  in  some  measure  secure  us  from  the  Prac- 
tice!* of  popish  Missionaries  but  not  Effectually,  which  I  think  ought  to  be  a  Spurr  to  our  Industry, 
For  their  being  at  present  a  Romish  Bishop,  and  many  Clergymen  of  that  Church  there,  who  take 
uncommon  pains  to  preserve  the  Indians  in  the  faith  they  were  taught,  and  to  gain  proselytes.  The 
Ind*  who  have  any  Intercourse  therewith  being  like  the  rest  naturally  Captivated  with  pomp  & 
Ceremony  will  allways  be  in  danger  till  we  have  some  Establishments  that  may  Counterpoise  the 
advantage  tliey  possess,  and  the  assiduity  of  their  endeavors  Tlie  Capacity  of  the  Indians  for 
receiving  knowledg**,  &  Comprehending  Divine  Truth  Is  certainly  not  to  be  doubted,  and  as  they 
have  an  Excellent  Genius  for  Imitation,  after  they  have  i-eceived  due  Instruction  In  Christianity, 
tiiey  may  be  easily  &  inseusitily  Led  to  become  Enamoured  of  the  Arts  of  peace. 

Tliey  have  been  in  some  Measure  &  should  allways  be  taught  to  place  their  Confidence  in  &  Look 
up  to  his  Majesty  as  their  Common  Father  &  Protector  who  is  disjwsed  to  redress  their  grievances 
and  to  Contribute  a  portion  of  his  Koyal  bounty  and  Authority  to  the  making  them  happy ;  Kis 
patronage  of  a  plan  calculated  for  their  prosperity  here  &  liereat'ter  as  it  will  be  the  8tron[;e8t  proof 
he  can  give  them  of  his  rega?-d,  so  It  will  be  the  best  Security  for  their  allegiance.  It  has  been  the 
opinion  of  Government,  that  all  affairs  with  them  sho>i  pass  thro'  one  Chanell,  to  the  Crown  at  the 
fountain,  &  tills  plan  on  that  Principle  has  a  peculiar  claim  to  the  Koyal  Patronage  from  the  ill 
Consequences  which  must  attend  the  Leaving  them  Exposed,  to  the  various  Unsettled  Tenets  in 
Religion  &  Politicks  with  which  an  Extensive  Country  Abounds,  which  not  only  Lessens  their 
Opinion  of  our  Wisdom  &  principles,  but  must  abate  their  affection  for  the  Crown. 

I  delivered  your  Letter  to  Odeserundy  who  was  made  very  happy  by  the  rect  of  it,  and  Expressed 
his  most  Grateful  Acknowledgments  I  am  now  in  the  utmost  hurry,  having  sometime  since  sent  to 
call  a  few  Chiefs  of  each  Nation,  in  oi-der  to  enquire  into  some  Informations  I  reef  from  tiie  South- 
ward, 300  Ind»  a  much  larger  number  than  was  required  have  accordingly  come  here, — Two  days 
ago  we  entered  upon  business,  In  the  midst  of  which  I  am  now  engaged,  which  will  apologize  tor 
my  not  being  able  to  add  more  at  this  time  than  that  I  am  with  the  most  perfect  Esteem 

Dr  Sir  &o 

The  Revd  M'.  Inglis. 


PArBIW   RKMTINO   TO   TMR  SIX   RATIONII. 


NIK  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REV.  DR.  AUCHMUTY. 

ON    TIIK   MUlUtXT    OV    TtIK  HKCU>TION    Of   A    LUTIIRHAN  AM)  A    PHUUVTtHIAM   MIMIBTKH  INTO  THE  CHURCH 

Ut'    KNULANU, 

Juhnson  ImllJiily  4>h  1771. 

UtKMi  Kir  I  liave  \yevn  fHvnreil  with  your  Letter  of  iHst  montli,  which  I  uiii  sorry  to  And  doei 
IKit  i-oiitiiiii  uiiy  UKreeublti  Iiitvlli(rfnce  from  Loiuiun  ;  Iiiileed  I  do  not  believe  tlie  Sooietys  Aiiuls  will 
ttdtnit  of  tlieir  extending  tlieir  l^)unty  to,  or  e8tal)liAhing  new  Missionj,  l>nt  those  widch  tiiey  have 
estublitlied  are  not  all  supplied  witli  Mlsslonuries,  The  Church  of  CuuiOoharee  Seems  intended  by 
t)ie  allowance  made  to  Mr.  Hall  and  that  at  Johnstown  is  Established  but  both  are  still  vacant  tho' 
from  tlieir  situatiuii  if  Sui)plied  with  Oo<k1  Men  tiiey  w<>  greatly  Extend  tlie  Christian  faith  on 
this  t>ontier,  and  prove  a  vast  addition  to  the  Cluirch,  which  already  begins  to  bear  a  respectable 
api^earunce  in  this  Country,  As  for  Jolinstown,  I  can  find  no  body  for  it,  tlio  the  Congregation  last 
Sunday  to  hear  the  Luthetan  minister  were  upwards  of  500,  of  wliich  250  were  Communicants. 
And  Mr.  Hall  whose  Sallary  goes  on,  and  who  was  to  liave  been  long  since  at  Cuunjohuree  lias  not 
been  since  lieard  of,  I  think  enquiries  should  be  made  about  him  and  that  he  should  be  directed 
to  go  there  according  to  the  Expectations  of  the  Society. 

In  short  we  must  make  the  most  of  the  Missions  already  established  till  a  more  favorable 
period,  and  in  the  mean  time  make  tryal  of  the  Generosity  of  the  people  of  England  under  the 
Countenance  of  the  Bishops  in  favor  of  any  farther  Religious  Establishments. 

I  am  intlrely  of  your  opinion  with  regard  to  the  Lutheran  Minister  and  shall  after  some  further 
conversat"  with  him  most  willingly  mention  the  affair  in  my  Letters,  and  would  have  you  Do  the 
game  after  you  hear  next  from  me  to  the  end  that  some  subscription  may  be  set  on  foot  or  some 
assurance  obtained  previous  to  his  undertaking  it,  to  prevent  disappointments,  and  indeed  this  point 
•hould  be  conducted  in  a  private  manner,  to  prevent  the  many  obstructions  that  will  be  thrown 
in  his  Way  by  those  to  whom  it  would  prove  disagreable — I  should  not  have  mentioned  the  other 
Gentleman,  who  was  desirous  of  taking  orders  but  at  his  particular  entreaty  and  I  have  some 
reason  to  think  that  your  Observations  tliereon  are  Extremely  Just. 

I  am  inclined  to  hope  that  the  Application  you  mention  of  the  Maryland  &  Virginia  Clergy,  being 
an  additional  proof  of  the  General  Wishes  of  the  American  Clergy  will  Merit  some  attention.  I 
look  upon  that  Establishment  to  be  a  Grand  &  Important  object  including  in  it  almost  every  thing 
else  which  we  should  never  lose  sight  of,  and  I  am  persuaded  that  perseverance  will  at  last  obtain  it. 

I  aili  sorry  the  recomraendat"  of  his  Grace  of  Canterbury,  &  the  Bishop  of  London,  has  met  with 
so  little  notice  from  a  certain  quarter,  which  I  understand  to  be  the  case  from  the  close  of  your 
Letter,  perhaps  it  is  owing  to  his  being  of  different  Religious  Sentiments,  or  to  a  total  Indifference  in 
these  matters. 

D'.  Auchmuty. 


^AriCM   Ri'.I.ATINO   TA  Ttit,   nn   MATlOtlt 


MB 


REVD.  MR.  INGLIS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON 

ON    THE    SUNKCT    OV     IIIH    I'LAN     KDH    CIIHUTIAMlZINU    TIIK     INDIANN. 

Ni'W  York,  Aiig«  1«,  1771. 

Wortliy  Sir,  This  mtjiufnt  I  roreivi'il  the  Society's  Sermon  k  Abstract  for  tli«  iirt'Sfiit  Yi-nr,  & 
ht'uriiiK  tliat  M'  Finn  is  Just  setting  unt  I'ur  Schfiicctudy,  I  send  u  Cujiy  hy  liini,  &  suutcli  a 
minute  to  write  to  yon. 

Tlie  Sermon  whs  prcHchctl  l>y  tiie  justly  cflebrated  Bishop  Lowtli,  inio  of  tlie  first  Cliiirncters  In 
Kngliind  Ibr  Erudition,  Fifty  &  Abilities.  1  observe  with  Pleasure  that  he  has  taken  notice  of  the 
IMan  wu  have  now  u%iler  Consideration  ;  which  shews  tlie  Society's  attention  is  awake  to  thin 
Business,  &  will  bo  no  bail  Preparative  for  its  Rohig  down  with  others.  I  also  observe  with 
singular  satisfaction  the  Just  Complhnent  his  Lordsiilp  pays  you  at  page  21  of  the  Sermon,  tho  he 
does  not  name  you.  In  truth  what  he  stiyp  coincides  exactly  with  what  I  have  always  tliought  & 
luive  often  said.  I'lovldence  seems  to  nuirk  you  out  as  tlie  proper  Instrument  in  its  Hand,  tu 
civilise  those  poor  savages.  Si  bring  tliem  out  of  the  Boson-  cf  Heathen  Darkness  into  the  Fold  of  his 
blessed  son ;  &  I  am  conflilent  that  this  will  add  Lustre  to  your  memory  a ongst  Posterity.  Lustre 
superior  even  to  tliat  you  have  so  Justly  &  in  so  high  a  L'egree  ac(j".ied  alrtady  In  tlio  Field.  Such 
a  Testimony  from  such  a  man  as  Bishop  Lowth,  in  such  un  audif.  i^.,  &  on  such  an  occasion,  must 
afibrd  tlie  most  sensible  satlstactlon  to  a  generous  mind,  &  I  sin  ertly  congratulate  yon  on  It. 

I  return  you  many  thanks  for  your  Letter  of  the  1  ••♦"  last  month.  ?  (mtalns  several  useful 
Hints,  of  which  I  shall  avail  myself.  I  am  really  s  irprl  td  tliat  you  sliuuld  tlnd  Time  to  write 
so  often,  witli  sJicli  Persjieculty,  &  so  much  to  the  purpose,  anddst  such  a  multiplicity  oV  Business. 
It  shews  a  very  clear  >leud,  &  a  Turn  for,  as  well  as  regular  method  of,  doing  Business.  The 
memorial  is  almost  Unlshed.  The  continual  interruptions  I  daily  meet  with  from  parochial  Duties  Sl 
other  matters  have  much  retarded  it.  I  can  scarce  ever  sit  at  it  two  Hours  at  a  time — several  Days 
pass  without  being  able  to  devote  a  single  ndnute  to  it.  However  it  will  bo  done  I  hope  in  a 
Fortnight;  k  I  sliall  then  send  it  to  you  by  some  safe  Conveyance.  I  have  taken  a  gooil  deal 
of  Pains  with  it,&  coidd  I  have  consulted  you  on  particular  occasions.  It  had  been  better  executed. 
However  it  will  undergo  your  Correction.  After  retrenching  many  things,  it  will  fill  upwards 
of  30  Pages  in  Quarto.  The  Notice  Bishop  Lowth  has  taken  of  this  affair  gives  me  fresh  spirits, 
&  animates  me  with  ardour  to  write  what  yet  remains.  1  have  had  a  Hint  lately  of  a  Fund  which 
would  assist  us  in  bearing  the  Expence  of  this  Scheme;  but  as  my  intelligence  is  yet  Imperfect,  I 
shall  not  trouble  you  with  it  at  present.  J  sliall  endeavor  to  gain  more  satisfactory  Intelligence,  & 
shall  not  full  of  acquainting  you  with  ii  h^.iaediately,  if  obtained. 

You  have  lately  liad  a  Sample  of  our  late  lliglit  Honourable  Governor'.  From  that  Specimen 
you  win  be  able  to  judge  of  tlie  Man.  At  present  we  have  a  truly  worthy  Governor".  He  is  a 
Gentleman  of  excellent  Sense,  as  }oa  may  see  by  the  answers  to  the  addresses  presented  to  him  ;  his 
Life  is  most  exemplary,  &  1  3  '■>  a  warm  Friend  to  Keliglon,  to  the  Church  of  England  &  the  Society. 
From  his  well  known  Character,  I  have  not  a  Doubt  but  he  woidd  zealously  second  our  Design  ; 
&  from  private  Information  I  learn  that  he  has  considerable  Influence  with  Lord  Hillsboro,  which  I 
presume  will  be  increased  by  his  late  services  in  N.  Carolina.  For  these  Reasons,  as  well  as 
because  the  Instructions  delivered  to  our  Governors  contain  an  article  expressly  injoining  them  to 
find  out  Ways  k  Means  for  converting  the  Savages,  (which  I  use  as  an  Argiuuent  lor  the  Interposi- 

1  The  Earl  of  Duninor  .  'J  Gov.  Tryon. 


Si'       I 


M: 


in 


286 


PArSBB    ULATINO  TO  THK  SIX   NATIONS. 


tion  ol  Government  in  the  present  Case)  I  have  been  considering  whether  it  might  not  be  proper  to 
consult  Governor  Tryon  on  tliis  occasion,  &  engage  him  in  the  ailuir.  You  are  tlie  best  Judge  of  tliis, 
&  I  would  by  no  means  do  any  Thing  in  it  without  consulting  you.  Be  pleased  to  let  me  kaow  your 
Sentiments ;  &  I  shall  punctually  comply  with  your  Directions.  M'  Tryon  does  not  know  any  Thing 
of  the  affair  as  yet. 

The  topographical  account  of  the  Indian  Country,  as  you  justly  observe,  would  require  a  very 
accurate  knowledge  of  the  Relater — much  more  accurate  than  I  am  master  of.  You  will  find  I 
have  only  given  a  short  &  general  Account,  merely  with  a  View  to  make  tlie  plan  more  intelligilile 
in  England.  If  you  can  inform  me,  I  should  be  glad  to  know  wliether  the  Bishop  of  Qui-bcc  lias 
Permission  to  ordain  missionaries,  &  send  them  where  he  thinks  proper.  I  take  it  fur  granted  tliat  he 
has ;  but  would  chuje  to  be  certain.  The  Articles  of  Capitulation,  or  of  the  Treaty  of  Peace 
afterwards,  say  nothing  about  it. 

My  best  Compliments  wait  on  Sir  John — &  be  assured  you  have  the  sincere  Esteem  &  best 
wishes  of,  Worthy  Sir, 

Your  very  affectionate  k  humble  Serv' 

To  Sir  Win  Johnson  Baron*.  Charlks  Inglis. 

P.  S.  It  would  give  me  much  Pleasure  to  hear  from  you  soon.  Could  a  Map  of  the  Coimtry  of 
the  Iroquois  be  transmitted  with  the  Memorial,  pointing  out  the  dilferent  Races  there  mentioned,  I 
believe  it  would  be  of  Service  perhaps  it  would  be  difficult  to  procure  this — I  have  several  Maps 
by  me,  but  they  are  all  very  imperfect. 


VOTE  OP  THE  BOSTON  PROPAGATION  SOCIETY. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Commissioners  of  the  Company  for  propagating  the  Gospel  in  New  England 
k  parts  adjacent. 

The  Governor  having  communicated  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Commissioners  the  Correspondence 
between  him  and  Sir  Will™  Johnson  in  consequence  of  a  vote  of  the  13"*  May  relative  to  the  Journal 
of  M'  Kirkland,  the  Companys  Missionary  at  Oneida :  and  M'.  Kirkland  being  now  in  town  & 
attending  the  Commissioners  &  inform'g  tliem.  That  he  had  lately  seen  S'  William  and  had 
related  to  him  those  passages  in  his  Journal  to  which  tlie  vote  of  the  Board  and  the  Governors 
letter  in  consequence  thereof  referred ;  and  had  likewise  acquainted  him,  that  the  whole  of  the 
matters  which  he  had  laid  before  the  Board,  he  had  reprotented  as  coming  from  the  Indians  ;  which 
likewise  appears  from  the  Journal  itself.  And  Sir  William  having  expressed  to  M'.  Kirkland  bis 
desire  for  the  success  of  the  Mission,  the  Board  now  think  it  proper  to  desire  the  Governor  to  give 
their  thanks  to  Sir  William  for  his  kind  expressions  of  regard  contained  both  in  his  Letter  to  the 
Governor  &  in  conversation  with  M^.  Kirkland :  and  to  desire  the  countenance  of  his  favour  and 
encouragement  to  the  Mission. 

A.  OUVER. 


PAPBM   KBLATING  TO  THC  SIX   MATIONB. 


2A7 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  KEVD  MR.  KIRTLAND, 

DCMAMDINO  A  COPY    OF    HIS    BEFORT  TO  THE  BOSTON  COMMITTEE. 

Johnson  hall  Augt  22^  1771. 
Sir,  I  have  Just  rwelvt'd  a  Letter  from  Gov'  Hutchinson  inclosing  some  papers  from  the  Com 
mittee  at  Boston  fur  pruitagatiug  Clirist"  faith,  they  relate  to  a  Journal  you  have  U.tely  transmitted 
to  them,  Tlie  partioulurs  of  which  are  not  ment*'  I  must  desire  to  know  from  you  what  was  the 
occasion  of  your  Writing,  &  timt  you  will  send  me  tlie  whole  particulars  as  I  am  given  to  under- 
stand, that  It  oontiiinoil  some  Representations,  that  regard  me.  It  is  necessary  that  I  should  have 
the  whole  of  tliis  matter  iVoiu  yourself  witliout  delay. 

I  am,  Sir, 
The  Revd  M'  KirUand. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD.  CHARLES  INGLIS 

IN   FURTHER  RELATION  TO  HIS   PLAN. 

Johnson  hall  Sept'  10'»"  1771. 

Good  Sir,  On  my  return  ft-om  a  Spring  back  of  Schenectaday  which  has  lately  been  discovered, 
I  was  favored  with  your  kind  Letter  inclosing  Bishop  Lowth's  Sermon,  &  the  Abstract  for  which  I 
kindly  tliank  you. 

As  I  believe  I  must  acknowledge  the  Compliment  therein  as  Intended  for  me,  I  am  bound  in 
Gratitude  to  declare  to  yuu  my  obligation  to  that  Worthy  Prelate  for  the  Distinguished  honor  he 
has  conferred  on  my  littJe  endeavors  in  his  excellent  .Discourse  before  so  Worthy  &  respectable 
an  audience. 

I  can  aflirm  with  Truth  tliat  besides  my  own  heartfelt  Satisfaction  I  have  no  motive,  or  occasion 
to  Spurr  my  Inclinations  than  tliereby  to  ac(juire  the  friendship  of  those  Worthy  Characters  by 
whom  it  is  an  honor  to  be  Esteenu'd  &  I  am  only  concerned  tliat  with  such  Inclinations  I  have 
not  more  ability  to  merit  their  favorable  Testimonies. 

You  have  doubtless  many  interruptions  in  the  prosecut"  of  your  favorite  object,  but  I  hope  you 
may  soon  compleat  it  to  y'  Satlsfact"  as  I  know  it  will  be  to  mine  when  you  favor  me  wdth 
tlie  perusal, 

If  you  think  the  fiuid  you  liint  at  will  at  all  answer  I  shall  be  glad  to  have  it  explained,  and  I 
approve  much  of  y  Intended  application  to  GoV  Tryon,  as  his  amiable  character,  and  Countenance 
of  the  Church  in  the  Colony  he  lately  Governed  shews  him  to  be  a  real  friend  to  its  Interests  tlie 
orig'  Intentions,  (or  perhaps  pretences)  of  all  Gov«»  in  planting  America  seemed  to  have  the 
Christianizing  the  Natives  ns  a  principal  object.  It  has  been  declared  in  Charters  &  I  believe  in  the 
Gov"  Instructions,  but  tho'  it  may  have  been  long  consido^d  as  matter  of  form,  &  Consequently 
little  regarded,  It  may  nevertlu'loss  have  a  good  effect,  and  meet  with  more  serious  attention  under 
the  administration  of  a  Gent  already  disjiosed  to  the  Interests  of  the  Church. 

I  cannot  at  present  certainly  Inform  you  whether  the  Bishop  of  Quebec  can  ordain  Missionaries, 
&c,  tlio'  1  believe  he  oitn,  but  I  imagine  if  so,  that  they  are  not  to  be  Jesuites  that  order  being  so 
much  discountenanced  in  ni«>8t  of  the  Romish  States,  and  Secretly  disliked  by  the  Clergy  of  that 
denominant"  from  the  superiority  of  their  Influence,  over  the  Great  of  that  Church. 


i 


i:5 


Ill 


i 


283 


PAPKaS   HIXATINO   TO   THE  SIX  NATIONS. 


I  think  tliat  a  Map  of  the  Country  you  speak  of  freed  from  the  errors  of  all  those  tliat  have  been 
publlslied  would  greatly  Illustrate  your  Work  but  no  Regular  surveys  have  been  made  tliereof. 
The  most  accurate  sketches  that  have  been  obtained  are  in  the  hands  of  Col.  G.  Johnson  who  litis 
taken  much  pains  in  these  matters,  and  will  readily  contribute  his  assistance  by  sending  you  such 
a  one  as  may  in  some  measure  answer  y  desires. 

The  Rev<>  M' Cha«  Inglis. 


THE  REVD.  CHARLES  INGLIS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

New  York,  Sep.  21,  1771. 

Worthy  Sir,  I  am  honoured  with  Yours  of  the  lOth  Instant ;  tho  it  did  not  come  to  Hand  till 
after  I  sent  tlie  Memorial  by  M""  Browne  of  Skenectady,  wliich  I  hope  you  have  rccieved  by 
this  Time. 

I  am  fully  sensible  you  require  "  no  Spur  to  your  Inclinations"  with  Regard  to  the  measures 
proposed  for  converting  tlie  Indians.  Indeed  your  Zeal  is  what  chiefly  animates  the  Friends  of  tliat 
Scheme  with  Hopes  of  its  Success  :  And  it  is  evident  that  Bishop  Lowth  only  intended  to  give  a 
Testimony  in  his  Sermou  of  tlie  Sense  that  He  &  the  Society  have  of  your  Zeal  in  this  good 
cause,  &  how  much  depends  upon  you.  For  my  part,  I  am  freto  declare,  as  I  always  have,  that  next 
to  Providence,  my  cliief  Expectation  &  Dependance  are  founded  on  Your  Zeal,  Abilities  &  Indueuce 
both  with  the  Ministry  &  the  Indians ;  &  if  any  Thing  is  ever  done  for  the  latter,  I  am  persuaded 
it  must  be  thro  Your  Means. 

As  the  Conversion  of  the  Indians  is  not  mentioned  in  Governor  Tryon's  Instructions,  I  have  not 
said  any  Thing  to  him  on  tlie  Subject.  His  Concurrence  indeed  might  be  of  Service  &  I  verily 
believe  he  would  readily  join  in  forwarding  the  Scheme  were  he  required  to  do  so.  But  from 
Motives  of  Delicacy,  I  would  chuse  to  decline  it,  before  I  have  a  corrected  Copy  of  the  Memorial 
from  You.  In  my  humble  Opinion,  a  Letter  from  Yourself  to  his  Excellency,  mentioning  tlie 
Expediency  of  the  proposed  measures  to  convert  &  civilise  the  Indians,  &  desiring  him  to  join  in 
supporting  the  Petition  of  the  Memorial  by  writing  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  would  be  the  best  Method 
of  Procedure.  Whatever  you  judge  proper  notwithstanding,  will  readily  be  acquiesced  in  by  me ;  & 
I  shall  punctually  follow  your  Directions. 

The  Hint  I  formerly  gave  you  of  a  Fund  to  support  the  Indian  Missions,  I  received  from  His 
Excellency  Governor  Franklin.  I  had  warmly  recommended  him  to  the  Society  for  Admission  as  a 
Member.  Accordingly  he  was  elected ;  &  upon  recieving  notice  of  this  from  D'  Burton,  I 
acquainted  his  Excellency  with  it  by  Letter.  In  his  answer,  he  told  me  among  other  Tilings — That 
there  were  several  valuable  Islands  in  Delaware  River  which  had  not  been  yet  annexed  either  to 
Pennsylvania  or  New  Jersey — that  tli«-  Inhabitants,  of  those  Islands  who  were  numerous,  were 
desirous  to  have  the  Islands  annexed  to  the  Government  of  New  Jersey — that  on  this  Consideration, 
they  would  be  willing  to  pay  down  a  large  Sum  of  money,  or  be  afterwards  subject  to  a  consid- 
eerable  Quit-Rent — &  His  Excellency  imagined  that  the  Sum  they  would  advance,  or  the  Quit  Rents 
they  should  afterwards  pay,  might  easily  be  procured  for  the  Support  of  an  American  Episcopate, 
or  of  Indian  Missions.  I  immediately  wrote  to  him,  requesting  to  know  what  he  thought  the  Quit 
Rents  of  those  Islands  might  amount  to  annually  &  that  he  would  use  his  Influence  with  the  Ministry 
to  have  them  appropriated  to  the  Uses  ho  iii«'n(ioiiod.     I  have  yet  recievctl  no  Answer  to  this 


;i!^ 


PAPBKS   RELATISe    TO  THE  MX   HATIOn. 


Letter,  tho  several  Weeks  have  elapsed  since  it  was  written,  which  I  impute  to  the  Govemor'a 
being  mucli  perplexed  at  present  witli  Business.  However,  as  the  Corporation  lor  tlie  Relief  of 
Clergymen's  Widows,  &c  is  to  meet  at  Aniboy  the  Week  after  next,  wliere  I  sliall  attend  ;  I  intend 
to  go  from  thence  to  Burlington  to  confer  witli  liis  Excellency  ou  the  Sul>ject,  if  I  should  not  hear 
from  him  before  that  Time.    I  shall  communicato  to  you  whatever  Intelligence  I  recieve. 

I  am  the  more  anxious  about  this  affair,  as  I  apprehend  the  greatest  obstacle  to  the  Memorial's 
taking  place,  will  be  tlie  Fund  that  it  re(|uires.  Tlie  Measure  is  so  evidently  necessary  &  tl  e  whole 
Design  so  humane  &  expedient  in  every  Respect,  which  it  recommends,  that  no  Man  can  object  to  it, 
or  forbear  wishing  it  success.  How  many  Tliousands  are  annually  expended  by  Government  on 
Matters  which  are  extremely  trivial  compared  to  this  !  This  however  is  what  we  have  Nothing  to 
do  wltli.  Could  any  Fund,  not  yet  appropriated,  be  pointed  out, — I  am  convinced  it  would 
greatly  facilitate  the  Scheme,  &  contribute  to  procure  for  it  the  Countenance  of  Government ;  for  such 
a  Fund  would,  I  think,  be  readily  granted  tor  the  purpose.  If  none  such  can  be  specified,  the 
Memorial  must  even  take  its  Chance.  Tlicre  is  no  Doubt  tliat  tlie  Ministry  will  pay  great  Regard  to 
whatever  comes  from  you  on  this  Head.  Your  Reconiniendatiou  wiU  draw  their  attention,  if  any 
Tiling  can  ;  for  it  is  not  only  my  Opinion,  but  that  of  every  one  besides,  that  tliere  is  no  person 
whatever  whose  Influence  is  more  essential  to  the  Peace  &  Welfare  of  America  than  Yours  at  present. 

I  shall  be  greatly  obliged  to  Col.  Johnson  for  tlie  Map  of  the  Iroquois  Country  you  mention. 
But  probably  it  should  rather  go  witli  the  Copy  of  the  Memorial  that  you  may  send  to  Lord 
Hillsborough.  Tlie  only  Reason  for  which  I  desired  it  was  to  make  the  Plan  laid  down  in  tlie 
Memorial  more  intelligble  in  England ;  &  of  Course  command  more  attention  to  it — Xot  but  tliat  I 
should  bf"  mucli  pleased  to  see  a  correct  Map  of  tliat  Country ;  but  I  would  not  desire  any 
Gentleman  to  be  at  so  much  Trouble  merely  for  thut  Purpose.  My  best  Compliments  wait  ou  Col. 
Johnson  &  Sir  John — Col.  Clause  I  suppose  is  iiot  yet  returned  from  Canada. 

If  you  do  not  find  it  necessiu-y  to  make  any  very  great  Alterations  in  the  Memorial,  perhaps  the 
most  expeditious  Method,  &  what  would  be  atteuded  with  least  Trouble  to  you,  would  be  to  make 
those  Alterations,  Interlineations,  &c  in  the  Copy  I  sent  You  ;  &  after  you  have  had  it  transcribed 
fair,  to  return  it  to  me.    From  it  I  shall  make  another  Transcript  lor  the  Society. 

M""  Stuart  is  now  here  on  his  Retm-n  to  Fort  Hunter.  He  will  set  out  for  Home  in  a  few  Days. 
The  little  Gentleman  seems  to  bear  Fatigue  very  well.  With  every  Wish  for  Yoiu-  Health  & 
Happiness,  I  am,  Worthy  Sir, 

Your  most  aifectiouate  &  humble  Serv' 

To  Sir  W'"  Johnson.  Charles  Inghs. 

P.  S.  I  hope  You  received  Benefit  from  the  Springs  near  Skenectady — It  is  very  sickly  all  round 
us,  owing  to  tlie  heavy  Raius  we  ha-,  e  had  during  the  Summer — 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REV.  CHAS.  INGLIS, 

WITH    HIS    OPINION    ON    THE    PLAN    lOR    CHRISTIANIZING    THE   INDIANS. 

Johnson  hall  Sepf  28'"  1771. 

Good  Sir,    Your  last  favor  was  so  long  by  the  Way  that  I  have  scarcely  liad  leisure  to  give  your 

Memorial  a  perfect  reading  as  my  son  &  Col:  Jolinson  we  ■)  going  for  N  York,  I  thought  it  the 

best  opportunity  I  could  have  for  returning  it  safe  to  y  bands  and  lor  the  same  reasons  shall  omit 

tome  particulars  wliich  otherwise  I  should  have  enlarged  upon.    I  iK)  vastly  pleased  with  y  Work 

Vol.  IV.  87 


amy 


BABMSmi  BiXATUlO'  TO   TUK  MX  NiiTIOliH. 


&  I  do  assure  you  that  It  was  with  great  satisfaction  I  found  so  many  Important  heads  which  would 
each  In  my  opinion  have  filled  a  pamphlet  completely,  &  Clearly  discussed  in  a  lew  sheets. 

From  tlie  Indulgence  you  have  given  me  I  must  however  observe  to  you,  that,  In  the  plan  fur  the 
Indians  Conversion  I  cannot  think  it  safe  to  admit  either  Husbandmen  or  Meclianicks  I  believe  I 
formerly  assigned  some  reasons  for  this  my  opinion  wliich  were  principally  founded  on  the  Jealousy 
of  the  Ind»  to  this  I  might  have  added  some  reasons  of  equal  Weight,  for  which  I  now  refer  you  to 
Col:  Johnson,  and  therefore  shall  only  add,  that  If  you  can  take  away  all  tliat  regards  that  head  the 
remainder  will  perfectly  Express  ray  Sentiments  and  wishes.  Tliat  part  I  am  persuaded  nuist 
have  appeared  to  you  Extreamely  necessary,  and  but  for  some  causes  which  few  are  acquainted 
with  It  would  have  been  so.  I  am  not  under  the  apprehension  that  you  will  condemn  my  lieedom 
in  pointing  out  this,  for  I  sliall  allways  treat  you  with  that  Candor  which  is  due  to  Your  merit  and 
friendship.  I  send  herewith  a  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  wherein  I  have  endeavored  to  do  some 
Justice  to  your  Work,  which  at  the  same  time  obliged  me  to  Introduce  you  as  the  author,  Tlio* 
this  was  but  an  Act  of  Justice  I  had  sev'  otlier  good  reasons  for  it,  and  the  work  can  be  very 
Easily  adapted  to  that  Circumstance. 

I  have  taken  the  opportunity  of  Introducing  D""  Cooper,  into  this  Letter  In  such  a  manner  as  will 
make  him  a  proper  person  to  Deliver  the  Work  to  his  Lordship  and  will  I  trust  be  an  additional 
Testimony  in  favor  of  his  Worth  &  Merit. 

I  shall  Long  to  hear  that  these  things  are  agreeable  to  you,  and  In  the  Interim  remain  with 
perfect  Esteem. 


The  Rev">  M'  Cha»  Irglis. 


D'  S'  &o. 


JREV.  WM.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  The  Favors  I  have  received  from  you,  &  the  Civilities  you  have  from  Tlme.to  Time  been 
pleased  to  shew  me,  induces  me  to  take  the  Liberty  of  informing  You,  that  I  have  very  lately 
opened  a  Grammar  School  in  this  Town,  and  that  I  may  make  it  the  more  generally  useful,  I  shall 
give  Instructions,  in  Writing,  Reading  and  Aritlimetic. — At  present  I  have  Ten  Scholars,  and  as  the 
Prices  are  moderate,  I  liave  the  Prospect  of  getting  more  daily. 

I  hope.  Sir,  it  may  merit  your  Countenance  and  Encouragement,  as  it  shall  be  conducted  with 
the  greatest  Care  and  Attention,  and  that  you  will  be  good  enough  to  patronize  this  undertaking, 
which  may  prove  useful  to  the  People  here,  and  may  enable  me  to  continue  amongst  them. 

I  had  determined  upon  waiting  on  jou  to  communicate  this  Scheme,  wlien  I  lately  preached  at 
Fort-Hunter,  but  was  prevented  by  some  Circumstances. 

Believe  me,  that  I  am,  with  the  truest  Gratitude, 

Sir,  Your  most  aflfectionate,  and  very  humble  Servant, 

Wm.  Andrews. 
Schenectady.  28«h  Sep'.  1771. 

The  hon'''«  Sir  W""  Johnson  Bar'. 


PAfrtAs  hZliATrNo  tb  tut  BiK  KXtibifa. 


^l 


•U'."' 


REVD  MR.  INGLIS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON, 

ON   THE   SUBJECT   OF  THE   MEMORIAL.  '' 

New  York,  Octob.  23, 1771. 

Dear  &  worthy  Sir,  I  received  your  last  Favour  by  Col.  Johnson,  &  intirely  acquiesce  in  the 
Method  you  propose  the  Memorial  sliould  be  transmitted  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  you  are  indisputably 
*\e  best  Judge  of  tl»e  properest  Manner,  as  I  am  fully  persuaded  tliat  no  person  can  have  the  success 
of  the  Measure  proposed  more  at  Heart. 

It  was  extremely  kind  &  obliging  to  send  your  Letter  to  Lord  Hillsborough  open  ;  &  the  very 
friendly,  thu  too  partial,  mention  tliat  is  made  of  me  in  it,  claims  my  warmest  Gratitude.  Be 
assured  I  have  the  hij^hest  souse  of  the  Honour  you  do  me  ;  &  I  shall  tliiuk  myself  extremely  liappy, 
if  under  your  Direction  &  Influence,  I  can  in  any  measure  be  instrumental  in  promoting  a  scheme 
by  which  so  many  advantages  may  be  derived  to  the  State — so  mucli  Honour  to  our  Church — & 
so  many  Benefits  to  the  Indians,  who  I  believe  want  no  more  than  proper  Culture,  to  make  as 
distinguishing  a  Figure  as  any  People  tipon  Earth. 

Tlie  amendment  you  proposed  with  Respect  to  Farmers  &  Mechanics  is  made.  Every  thing 
relative  to  them,  except  Smiths,  is  strack  out.  I  confess  it  was  more  out  of  Compliance  witli  com- 
mon Prejudices  that  induced  me  to  insert  any  tiling  about  Farmers  &  Carpenters,  than  from  a 
Conviction  of  tlieir  utility.  But  your  Hint  determined  me  immediately  to  leave  out  every  thing 
that  was  said  about  them.  The  article  concerning  Smitlis  is  retained  ;  because  you  did  not  object 
to  it,  &  tlie  Government  formerly  allowed  tliem. 

By  Col.  Johnson's  Directions  I  inserted  a  few  more  Particulars.  Pondiac's  Klfair  is  more  Mly 
stated — the  Ravages  occasioned  by  the  Insurrection  wldch  lie  headed  are  more  inintitely  dei!n£at^, 
being  of  great  Consequence  to  remove  the  Notion  of  our  being  out  of  any  Danger  from  the  Indians, 
as  we  are  Mastew  of  Canada.  A  few  Reflections  are  also  added  concerning  the  Western  Indians, 
whose  Jealousy  is  raised  by  our  Conquest  of  Canada,  &  by  whicli  we  liave  more  Enemies  among 
them  now  than  formerly  ;  as  many  Nations,  to  whom  the  English  were  little  known  before,  &  whom 
the  French  ta\»ght  to  despise  us,  now  observe  us  with  a  Jealous  Eye.  And  lastly,  I  have  thrown 
out  a  Hint  near  the  Conclusion,  how  much  more  agreable  to  the  Indians  the  solemnity  of  our 
Worship  is  than  that  of  the  Dissenters — that  tlie  Indians  esteem  the  National  Religion  most,  being 
professed  by  ^he  King  ;  &  that  it  would  be  more  eligible  to  entrust  their  Conversion  to  Clergymen 
of  the  Cliurch  of  England,  by  which  their  Fidelity  to  the  Crown  would  be  indubitably  secured, 
than  to  Dissenting  Teachers. 

Having  made  these  alterations  and  additions  besides  a  few  otliers  that  were  necessary  as  the  Memorial 
was  not  to  go  in  your  Name.  I  had  it  copied  out  fair  in  a  good  Hand,  &  in  a  Quarto  Size  ;  and 
having  a  Marble  cover,  with  Col.  Johnson's  accurate  &  neat  Map  prefixed,  made  a  Handsome  looking 
Pamplet.  I  laid  the  Memorial,  as  you  intimated,  before  Governor  Tryon,  who  was  so  kind 
as  to  approve  it  &  I  believe  recommended  it  to  Lord  Hillsboro  :  Your  Letter  however  is  wliat  1 
place  all  my  hope  on  of  having  any  attention  paid  to  this  Sclienie  by  Government ;  altho  I  thought 
it  my  Duty  to  write  the  Society  that  they  would  join  in  urging  this  Business ;  particularly  tlie  Lord 
Bisliop  of  Oxford,  who  has  lately  favoured  me  with  a  Letter,  &  to  whom  I  have  communicated 
largely  my  Sentiments  on  tliis  suliject.  God  Grant  that  the  Steps  taken  may  be  attended  with 
success.    There  are  few  earthly  otijects  that  would  give  me  more  sincere  Pleasure. 

D'  Cooper  is  saild.    He  was  very  thankful  for  the  friendly  notice  you  took  of  him  in  youl" 


;  (i^fel 


J  ■■■. 


2M 


PAPUS   RXLATIKG   TO  THE  SIX  NATIOm. 


lit: 


Letter  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  &  desired  to  bo  afifectionately  remembered  to  yon.  He  was  on  tlie 
point  of  embarking  when  Sir  John  &  Col.  Johnson  came  to  Town,  &  I  have  been  so  constantly 
employed  in  assisting  to  prepare  addresses  to  go  by  him  from  the  Clergy  &  tlie  College,  &  in 
moving  to  tlie  College,  that  I  have  been  deprived  much  more  of  the  Pleasure  of  their  Company 
than  I  would  Chuse.  Indeed  their  Friends  were  ^„  glad  to  see  them,  after  so  long  an  Absence,  that 
tliey  were  almost  continually  out,  &  I  could  only  spend  a  Couple  of  Evenings  with  them.  Tliere 
is  an  atfair  relative  to  Kirtland,  the  Indian  Missionary,  which  I  have  mentioned  to  Col.  Johnson  to 
be  communicated  to  you,  not  thinking  it  safe  to  commit  it  to  writing.  You  are  the  only  Person  that 
can  accomplish  it,  and  it  requires  much  Delicacy. 

Your  approbation  of  the  Memorial  gives  me  mucli  Pleasure.  But  in  Reality  if  it  has  any  Merit, 
It  should  be  placed  to  your  own  Account ;  as  I  only  arranged  the  Materials  with  which  you  supplied 
me  y  &  this  I  mentioned  both  to  M'  Tryon  &  the  Society. 

By  this  Time  I  hope  you  are  returned  safe  from  your  Excursions  into  the  Indian  Country.  That 
every  Felicity  may  attend  you — &  that  you  may  be  long  continued  a  Blessing  &  an  ornament  to 
this  Country,  is  the  sincere  Wish  &  Prayer  of, 

Worthy  Sir,  Your  most  affectionate 

much  obliged  &  ve»^-  humble  Serv» 

To  Sir  W»  Johnson.  Chables  Inglm. 


<■'■     "  REVD  WM.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  I  lately  took  the  Liberty  of  acquainting  You,  that  I  had  opened  a  Grammar  School  in  this 
Town,  and  since  that,  I  have  determined  on  forming  it  into  an  Academy,  and  propose  giving 
Instructions  iu  Heading,  Writing,  Arithmetic,  Geograpliy  and  History  to  those  who  may  be  designed 
to  nil  the  Stations  of  active  Life,  exclusive  of  tliose  who  may  be  taught  the  Learned  Languages  — 
Book-keeping,  and  Merchants  accompts  to  fit  them  tor  Business,  or  the  Mechanic  Arts. — At  present 
I  have  Tiurtcen  Scholars,  and  as  the  Prices  are  moderate  for  teaching,  and  receiving  Boarders,  I 
have  a  gootl  Pi-ospect  of  getting  more  daily. 

I  hope,  Sir,  it  may  merit  your  Countenance  and  Encouragement,  as  it  shall  be  conducted  with 
the  greatest  Care  and  Attention,  and  that  you  will  be  good  enough  to  patronize  this  Plan,  wliich 
may  prove  very  useful  to  this  Place,  and  may  enable  me  to  continue  in  this  Mission. 

When  I  left  London  I  positively  saw  my  Salary  settled  in  the  venerable  Society's  Books  at  £50 
Sterling  a  year,  and  I  then  express'd  my  surprize  tliat  it  exceeded  my  Expectations  by  XlO,  as  I 
knew  you  liad  been  pleased  to  liave  had  even  that  annexed  to  wliat  it  formerly  was. — But  by  a  Letter 
from  Doctor  Burton,  &  from  tlie  Abstracts  lor  tliis  Year,  I  learn  it  really  is  no  more  tlian  XiO,  wliich 
together  with  what  my  Congregation  give,  which  is  X40  Currency,  is  quite  insufBcient  to  support 
me. — Indeed  the  people  subscribe  as  largely  8c  willingly  as  they  possibly  can.  In  short,  they  contri- 
bute all  in  their  Power  to  make  me  live  easy,  and  I  do  every  Tiling  I  can  to  please  them,  by 
doing  my  Duty  amongst  them. 

What  I  only  wish  for,  is,  that  the  venerable  Society  wou'd  please  to  add  something  to  My 
Income,  either  on  Account  of  the  School,  or  because  of  the  Poverty  of  the  Mission. — For,  I 
believe  I  may  safely  pronounce  it  to  be  one  of  the  poorest  Missions  on  the  Continent. — Still  I  wou'd 
not  wish  to  appear  discontented,  for  I  am  I'ar  from  being  so — I  only  desire  to  have  my  Income  so 
settled,  in  a  moderate  Way,  That  I  can  make  it  barely  satisfy  my  few  Wants. 


m 


PAPERS   RELATINO   T^   TBS  IIZ   NATIONS. 


299 


Whenever  your  Church  is  fit  for  Service,  I  shou  V  be  willing,  if  agreeable  to  you  to  preach  at 
times,  till  you  please  to  receive  a  Clergyman,  as  that  is  the  only  Method  I  have  of  shewing  my 
Gratitude  for  the  Favors  yon  have  conferred,  on  liiiu  who  is  witli  great  Respect. 

Sir,  Your  most  obedient  Servant, 
Schenectady,  5">  November  1771.  Wm.  Andeews. 

The  Hon''!'  Sir  W'"  Johnson  Bar'. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  MR.  ANDREWS. 

Johnson  hall  Nov  18"'  1^71. 

Sir,  I  have  had  tlie  favor  of  yours  informing  me  of  your  having  opened  a  Grannnur  Scliool,  and 
of  your  resolution  since  to  I'orm  it  into  im  Academy,  of  ail  whicli  I  cannot  but  approve  from  the 
Just  opinion  I  entertain  of  yonr  abilities  for  &  attention  to  the  duties  of  such  an  Undertaking.  You 
may  therefore  be  assured, of  sucli  encom-agement  &  recommendation  as  it  is  in  my  power  to  atlbrd  you. 

I  am  really  concerned  at  your  disappointment  of  tlie  additional  XI 0  per  annum,  being  tliorouglily 
persuaded  of  the  retisonablencss  of  what  you  say  concerning  your  present  situation  wliicli  I  wish  it 
was  in  my  power  to  improve,  by  anytliing  I  can  say  in  your  behalf,  and  with  tliat  View  shall 
mention  your  case  in  my  next  Lettere  to  tlie  Society,  tho'  I  am  sensible  that  their  fimds,  are  much 
reduced  by  the  late  necessary  Establislim'. 

It  is  my  sincere  wish  tlmt  your  present  useful  undertaking  may  alleviate  those  disagreable  cir- 
cumstances wliich  you  liave  (l«'scribed,  and  become  more  suitable  to  your  Merit  than  the  modera- 
tion of  your  Wishes  which  are  un  additional  recommondation  to  your  Character. 

I  am  much  obliged  by  your  otter  of  preaching  ut  Johnstown  occasionally,  till  that  Mission  is 
supplied,  which  I  should  by  no  means  decline  If  It  could  be  done  Consistent  with  your  Engagements 
in  Schenectady,  as  I  shall  allways  be  glad  to  see  you,  and  to  demonstrate  that  I  am  with  regard, 

Your  hearty  Well  Wisher 

The  Rev""  M'  W™  Andrews.  &  most  humble  Servt, 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  REVD.  CHARLES  INGLIS. 

Johnson  Hall  Jany  27»h  1772. 

Good  Sir    I  have  been  lately  favored  with  your  Letter  of  the  4'h  Inst  on  the  subject  of  which 
I  wish  it  was  in  my  power  to  afford  you  satisfaction,  For  it  would  give  me  pleasure  to  be  the  Instru 
ment  in  procuring  suitable  relief  for  a  Lady  of  tlie  Clmracter  &  merit  you  describe,  and  especially 
one  who  is  Connected  with  you. 

There  is  such  a  fund  in  Ireland  as  you  describe  which  as  I  have  allways  understood  was  used 
Chiefly  for  the  support  of  Ladies  whose  Husbands  or  near  Connections  had  served  the  state,  and  at 
the  disposal  of  tlve  Lord  Lieutenant ;  whether  M"  Ellis  is  within  the  predicament  I  have  mentioned, 
or  not,  I  suppose  that  with  proper  Interest  shemij;l»t  be  placed  on  the  List,  but  really  I  am  unluckily 
a  most  unfit  person  to  make  such  application,  for  a  residence  of  above  30  years  in  America 
together  with  the  nature  of  my  oiFice  which  directs  my  Correspondence  to  England  has  deprived 
me  of  all  my  old  acquaintances  In  Ireland  who  could  be  of  any  service,  &  for  many  years  Limited 


S    ' 


■M  PAPERS   BELATIira   TO   THE  SIX   NATIOMB. 

my  Correspondence  to  my  own  family,  and  as  far  as  Lord  Townsend  the'  he  has  been  for  a  short 
time  in  America,  yet  we  never  served  together,  neither  had  I  any  opportunity  of  seeing  or  being 
known  to  liim,  for  wliicli  reason  you  Ituow  I  could  not  with  the  least  propriety  apply  to  him,  or 
direct  the  disiwsition  of  Ids  bounty  at  sucii  a  distance, — any  of  tlie  Donegal  members  might  do  her 
business  at  once,  and  I  liave  understood  tliat  it  is  thru'  such  Ciiainieil  tliat  suv  \  favors  are  dis- 
pensed ;  If  tills  did  not  occur  to  you,  perhaps  it  may  be  oi'  some  use,  at  least  I  wisli  it,  lor  I  am 
really  concerned  tliat  in  tliis  Instance  I  cannot  shew  yuu  liuw  mucii  I  am  inclined  to  serve  Indigent 
merit,  Sl  to  oblige  you  I  am  hopefull  that  i)y  tliis  Time  you  may  have  hewd  of  the  safe  arrival  of 
D'  Cooper  in  England,  and  sincerely  wisli  success  to  every  thing  tliat  is  committed  to  his  charge, 
Tiio'  I  dont  know  all  the  objects  of  liis  voyage,  I  make  no  doubt  but  tliat  he  will  provo  an  able 
Sollicitor,  &  that  tlie  Indian  Memorial  will  meet  with  some  attention.  Your  preju<'.ic»>s  ia  favor  of 
these  iH'ople  are  truly  laudable,  and  I  hope  you  will  ere  long  see  some  of  our  good  Wishes 
accomplislieil, 

I  sliall  be  very  much  obliged  to  you  lor  the  Pamphlett  you  mention  whenever  any  private  hand 
oftVrs,  and  also  to  hear  any  thing  material  tliat  may  be  sent  you  from  England. 

It  is  of  the  highest  importance  to  all  new  seats  of  Learning  that  tliey  acquire  an  early  reputation 
and  the  friends  of  N  York  College  must  be  pleased  to  find  that  D*  Coopers  place  is  so  ably  fiUed 
in  Ills  absence. 

I  shall  remember  you  to  M'  Stewart,  and  liave  S'  John  &  Col:  Johnsons  kind  Compliments  now  to 
transmit  you.  I  shall  also  Let  the  Indian  know  your  farther  remembrance  of  Ids  Son  wliich  wil.  be 
taken  very  kindly.    At  present  I  can  only  add  farther  tliat  I  am    Most  Sincerely 

The  Rev«i  M'Chas  Inglis. 


MR.  JOHN  COTTGRAVE  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON, 

RESPECTING    THE  CHURCH    &C. 

jonns  Town  18'>>  May  1772. 
Honoured  Sir.  As  the  Capital  of  Tryon  is  fixed  upon  to  be  here,  I  should  be  wanfiug  in  Duty, 
'if  I  was  to  omit  tlio  opportunity  to  congratulate  your  Honour  thereupon:  but  as  my  intention 
therein  will  not  agree  with  Custom,  I  sliall  proceed;  and  leave  two  or  tliree  things  for  your  Honours 
consideration,  the  first  of  which  is,  for  the  immediate  finishing  of  the  Cliurch;  for  as  the  Cliurch 
now  remains;  your  Honour  and  family  cannot  have  the  satisfaction  which  you  otherwise  would 
have,  if  the  Church  was  finished,  tlie  Children  ibr  instance,  mix  witli  the  Aged,  for  the  want  of 
a  Gallary; — and  for  the  want  of  seats,  many  of  the  Grown  people  are  very  troublesome — The  next 
thing  I  consider  of  the  utmost  importance  to  tlie  General  wellfare  of  tliis  Patent,  is  the  Clothing  of  the 
Poor  Children,  with  something  low  priced  for  a  suitable  uniform,  to  be  worn  at  no  other  Time  but 
on  the  Sabath — this  would  encourage  and  Command  the  Childrens  attendance,  and  engage  their 
Parents:  and  when  Core  is  taken  of  the  Childrens  Cloathes,  the  expense  of  Clothing  them  will  be 
inconsiderable,  what  a  pitty  is  it  theretbre,  to  see,  so  great,  and  so  good  a  tiling,  as  this  is  not  to 
take  jilace;  when  a  Boy,  to  ride  post  from  the  Hall  (who  perhaps  like  too  many  others  live  in 
idleness)  would  more  than  pay  the  sum  which  the  before  recommended  Charity  will  require. — The 
next  thing  I  mean  to  refer  to,  is  the  Building  of  a  new  Free  School  house  nearly  in  the  Centre  of 
the  Free  School-House  Lot  in  the  form  of  an  academy;  with  a  conveniency  at  the  top,  ibr  the  little 


rAPBM   aELATlMO  TO  THK   HZ  NATIOM*. 


895 


Bfll  of  the  Hall;  if  this  was  to  be  done,  the  present  School  House  might  be  removed  upon  one  of 

the  vacant  Lots  In  Town,  and  answer  the  End  of  a  dwelling  house — as  it  would  not  be  proper 

loi-  to  l»ave  the  New  Free  School  in  the  least  incumbered,  but  to  liave  the  wliole  Lott  fenced 

in  neatly,  ond  Sutable  Trees  planted  round  the  whole  square.     If  these  things  was  done,  (wliich  is 

of  far  greater  Consequence  than  the  Building  of  Blockhouses  in  Town)  your  Honour  would  then 

engage  the  attention  of  people,  and  perliaps  them  who  live  in  the  remotest  part  of  his  present 

Majesty's  Dominions.    And  as  the  particulars  refered  to,  generally  atract  the  attention  of  Gentlemen 

of  tlie  first  rank;  and  as  your  Honour  io  capable  of  giving  the  f( finiost  of  them  a  Pattern,  its  a 

pitty  any  hurry  of  Business  shou'd  so  far  interlere,  as  to  set  aside  your  Honours  intention  tiiereln. — 

and  the  only  reason  why  I  liave  been  so  very  troublesome  at  tlm^s  to  your  Honour  as  I  have  been, 

is  owing  to  my  being  a  Spectator  to  Transactions,  which  selfevidently  debars  your  Honour  from 

being  as  Great,  wliich  your  Honours  universal  Goodness  of  heart  entitles  you  of  being,  is  the 

opinion,  of  Honoured  Sir, 

your  Honours  most  Dutlfull  and  very  obliged  Serv* 

John  CoTroRAVE. 
Honourable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


N.  B.  As  tlie  first  years  Cloathing  will  appear  at  this  Time  perhaps  too  expensive  (your  Honour 
having  so  many  to  provide  for),  J,  will  be  willing  from  tiie  same  Consideration  to  allow  your  Honour 
Ten  pounds  towards  the  expense:  and  if  my  Circumstances  were  otherwise  than  tliey  are  at  present, 
I  do  assure  your  Honour,  I  would  do  much  more  and  with  the  greatest  pleasure — but  being  out  of 
Trade  and  under  a  perticular  disadvantage  for  the  present,  hope  your  Honour  will  excuse  my  offer, 
and  to  keep  the  same  as  a  Secret;  as  no  other  person  living  will  be  acquainted  with  my  Conclusion 
thereupon. 


I 


SIR  WM  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  MR.  ANDREWS. 


HI 


Johnson  hall  June  25M>  1772. 
Sir,  After  being  long  in  expectation  of  procuring  a  Missionary,  for  this  place,  of  such  a  Character 
as  I  could  wish  to  see  seated  here,  thro'  the  kind  endeavors  of  the  Society,  and  finding  that  such 
a  person  liad  not  been  found  out,  but  that  they  wished  me  to  use  my  endeavors  to  get  one  that  was 
fitting,  I  accordingly  wrote  to  some  of  my  acquaintances  (whose  enquirys  I  thought  might  be  attended 
with  Success)  Signifying  that  on  their  meeting  with  a  Gentleman  in  Orders  of  good  Character,  who 
was  willing  to  settle  here,  I  should  give  him  a  fevorable  reception,  with  a  preferrence  to  the  first 
person  that  should  be  found,  I  have  lately  been  informed  in  consequence  thereof  by  a  Friend 
ot  mine  that  he  has  at  length  procured  me  a  Gentleman  of  fair  Character  and  abilities  who  will 
shortly  come  to  tliis  place  as  I  formerly  desired.  I  therefore  thought  it  necessary  to  acquaint  you 
therewith,  as  at  the  time  you  expressed  the  desire  to  remove  here,  It  was  not  in  my  power  to  give 
you  an  Answer,  witli  any  degree  of  Certainty,  least  somebody  had  been  already  fixed  upon  in  con- 
sequence of  my  former  application.  The  Gentleman  who  I  am  informed  will  soon  be  up  is  an  entire 
stranger  to  me,  but  from  the  recommendation  I  have  of  him,  I  imagine  I  cannot  deny  him  the  place 
'M  has  tteen  encouraged  lo  expect  by  the  Gentleman  whom  I  impowered. 


I    <l 


996 


FArBM    nrLATIMO   TO   THC   IIX    NATION!. 


If  therefore  this  should  prevent  me  from  grutiiying  yuur  Wishes,  I  can  only  say  that  I  am 
hopef\i11  it  will  bo  no  niateriul  (lisH|>p<>lutiu«nt  to  yoii  but  tlmt  tlio  Nli'ii(trriu's.s  ol'  your  pri-Mnt 
Mission  uiuy  be  iiiudc  up  by  tlie  Success  »)f  your  Acmltiiuy,  uud  tlic  yreiit  use  wliicli  I  uiu  peisumlfd 
you  can  be  of  in  your  present  situation  will  encourufre  you  to  porsovero  in  your  pious  endeavors  at 
Schenectady.  I  uui  illways,  with  Esteem 

Tlie  Rev'  .M'  W'"  Andrews.  Sir  &i'. 


\k 


MR.  WM.  IIANNA  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

London  July  20th  1772. 

Dear  Sir.  Both  Gratitude  &  Inclination  induce  rac  to  inibrace  the  first  Opportunity  to  inform 
you  of  my  Success,  by  Virtue  of  your  recommendatory  Letter  to  Co'  Sliarpe  who  received  me 
witii  much  Frieiulship  &,  lIosi)itality  :  Si  kindly  asked  after  the  lleultli  &  Prosperity  of  his  Good  old 
FjJend  Sir  William  Johnson.  At  tlie  same  Time  let  me  know,  lliat  at  Present,  there  was  not  a 
vacant  Parish  in  Marylind,  but  if  I  inclined  to  persue  my  Design,  ho  woidd  recommend  me  to  his 
Friends  in  Virginia  wliere  I  could  have  n  Title  to  a  vacant  Parisli ;  &  if  any  became  vacant  in 
Maryland ;  he  would  use  his  Influence  Ibr  my  Interest ;  and  thought  it  premature  to  apply  to 
Governor  Eden,  for  a  Living  till  I  was  in  holy  Orders  :  accordin^ly  1  received  liomCo'  Sharpe  &  his 
Friends  Letters  to  Lord  Fairfax,  Col  George  Fairliix  Co'  Wasliingtou  &  oth<'rs ;  whereby  I  readily 
obtained  a  Title  to  a  vacant  Parish  :  &  Letters  to  his  Lordship  the  liisliop  of  London  by  whom  I  was 
ordained  Deacon  the  tenth  &  Priest  tlie  fburteeutli  Ultimo. 

I  have  had  the  Pleasure  &  Happiness  to  fall  into  Company  with  Your  good  Fjiends  Samuel 
Wiiarton  Esq'  :  &  Major  Trent  who  remembring  a  few  Days  we  spent  togither  with  you  at  the  Hall 
before  the  general  Treaty  ;  and  understanding  that  I  was  recommended  liy  jou  on  this  Occasion 
were  pleased  to  take  a  particular  Notice  uf  me  on  your  Account :  and  introduced  me  to  some  of  the 
first  Families  in  this  Place  :  by  whom  I  was  treated  with  much  Kindness  &  generosity  &  intertained 
witli  much  Splendor.  And  when  I  informed  M'  Wharton'that  you  liad  id  vised  me,  &  that  I  was 
desirous  of  settling  in  Maryland  ;  he  procured  me  Letters  one  from  Sir  John  Eden  ohlest  Brother  of 
Governor  Eden^  another  from  W'"  Eden'  a  younger  Brother,  &  by  Ids  Interest  &.  Intimacy  with  the 

1  Samcei.  Wharton,  son  of  Joseph  Wharton  of  Phlladolphln,  was  horn  on  tho  3rd  of  May  17:!2.  lie  was  a  Gentleman  of 
very  eonsiderable  talentH,  and  was  concorneil  in  a  i)ur<'h:is«' made  of  the  Indians  of  a  larp.' traot  of  land  im  the  Oliio.  The 
Oovcmmcnt  of  Great  Uritain  digcountcnanved  transactions  of  that  nature.  Mr.  Wiiarton  re.sided  in  London  for  some  tinio, 
M  the  Agent  of  the  rnrcliasers  with  the  view  to  olitain  tlie  continuation  hy  Oovi  rnincnt  of  the  purchase  made  of  the  Indians, 
and  authority  to  e»tabli^h  a  form  of  Government  on  those  Lands.  The  diiricultiis  which  occurred  between  Great  Britain 
and  her  Culonies  put  an  end  to  all  prospect  of  terminating  the  scheme  favorably.— /,f((fr  of  I'rs.  ]{.  Wharton  Esq. 

2  Sir  KoBEBT  Edes,  Bart,  son  of  Sir  Robert  E.  of  West  Auckland,  married  Caroline,  youngest  daughter  of  Charles,  6th 
Lord  B.»ltimorc,  sister  and  co-heir  of  the  last  peer  of  that  name.  He  was  aiipointed  governor  of  Maryland  In  August  1708, 
bnt  did  nnt  assnmo  tho  government  (according  to  McMahon, /fis<ory  Maryl.)  until  June,  17(iO.  Ho  continued  in  power  until 
1776.  Easy  of  access,  courteous  to  all,  of  fascinating  accompli.shmcnts,  he  was  respected  if  not  beloved  even  liy  liis  political 
enemies  Ilenca  lie  wps  permitted  to  remain  in  tho  province  even  after  the  establishment  of  a  provincial  government  which, 
by  e.\press  rule,  exempted  him  and  his  family  from  its  authority.  Whilst  enjoying  this  immunity  some  despatches  from  Lord 
George  Germaine  to  his  address  were  inferceptod,  and  General  Lee  wrote  to  tho  Committee  of  Baltimore  ordering  liis  .-vrrcst. 
The  subject  was  referred  to  tho  Council  of  Safety  who  did  not  think  fit  to  comply,  anil  Governor  Eden  was  ])ernutted  to 
embark  on  23d  June  1776,  on  board  the  sloop-of-wur,  Fowty.  On  his  return  to  England  he  was  created  a  l;aronet,  19th 
Sept.  1770.  He  returned  to  Annapolis  in  1784,  to  look  after  his  lady's  estate,  and  died  in  tho  neighborhood  of  that  city  iu 
the  year  1^   '>.    Ed. 

8  William  Ed«n  (afterwards  Lord  Auckland,)  was  son  of  Sir  Robert  E.  Ho  was  educated  at  0.\ford  and  called  to  the  bar 
lo  1709;  appointed  Under  Secretary  of  State  in  1772;  one  of  the  Lorda  Commiulonera  of  Trade  and  Plantationa  in  1776,  and 


«''  ( ■ 


PAPERS    KKLATINO   TO  THK   BIX    NATIONB. 


297 


Earl  of  RotohPord  on«  of  Iiia  MiOt'sty'i  principal  Secretaries  of  SUite  Ite  obtained  a  tliird  fVum  Lord 
Essex  ulio  Is  Uucle  to  M'*  Eden  &.  Bcnilitctor  to  the  Omcruor  each  warmly  recunimendiiig  me  to 
the  Notice  Fuvom*  &  Protection  of  tlie  Governor,  wliicU  I  dare  suy  will  have  the  Desired  Elliot. 
In  short  M'  Wliarton  is  on  sucli  go<Kl  Terms  wltli  most  ol'tlie  Lords  timt  wlmtever  he  asks  for  his 
Friends  he  readily  obtains  with  tl\e  greatest  ease.  M'  WliattKii  toolc  niu  one  Day  into  tiie  Mouse 
of  b)rds  tho'  Strick  Orders  are  against  any  Persons  Iwing  permitted  to  enter  it  during  the  sitting  ; 
where  I  saw  tho  King  in  his  royal  Robes,  seated  on  his  Tlu'one,  &  the  Lords  In  their  proper  liobcs, 
&  WHS  present  when  the  House  of  Commons  addressed  tlie  King  &  twenty  four  Bills  received  tite 
royal  Assent. 

I  was  also  at  tlie  C<jckpit,  when  the  L<  Is  of  the  privy  Council  took  into  Consideration  the  Expe- 
diency of  granting  a  large  Tract  of  Land  &  settling  a  Government  on  tlie  Ohio ;  agreeable  to  a 
Petition  of  tlie  Iti^'lit  Honourable  Tho«  Walpi.le,  Brother  to  Lord  Wali)oIe,  M»  Wharton,  Miijor  Trent, 
&  of  many  Lords:  to  the  granting  of  wliieh  Petitiun  Lord  lliilsborougli  alone  objected,  that  Part 
of  tlie  Lands  ja'ayed  for,  were  the  Property  of  the  Cherokee  Indians,  and  that  it  was  eoiifiary  to 
the  gooii  Policy  of  this  Country  to  permit  the  Americans  to  settle  the  interior  Parts  of  America  :  to 
which  after  M' \Valpolo  bad  introduced,  &  miide  some  pertinent  Obseivulions  on  the  Subject  iu 
general,  M'  Wharton  spoake  next  Ibr  several  Hours  &  replyed  distinctly  to  each  perticiilar  0l>Jec- 
tion  ;  and  tliro'  the  whole  of  the  Proceedings  he  so  fully  removed  all  Lord  Hillsborough's  Objections, 
and  introtluced  his  Proofs  with  so  much  liegularity,  and  made  bis  Observations  oh  them  with  so 
much  Propriety,  Deliberation  and  Presence  of  Minil ;  that  fully  convinced  every  Lord  Present :  Si. 
gave  universal  Satisfaction  to  the  Gentlemen  concerned  :  And  I  must  say  it  gave  me  a  particular 
Pleasure  to  Hear  an  American  &  a  Countryman  act  bis  Part  so  well  belbre  such  a  Number  of  great 
Lorils,  at  such  an  ,Vtiqust  Board ;  And  I  now  have  tlie  great  Pleasure  to  inform  you  that  their 
Lordships  have  oveiruled  Lord  Hillsborougira  lieport,  &  have  reported  to  bis  Majesty  in  iiivour  of 
M'  Wharton  &  his  Associulcs.  Tliis  is  looked  upon  here  as  a  most  Extraordinary  Matter  :  And 
wliat  no  American  ever  accomjillslied  before.  Indeed  no  one  from  America,  ever  bad  so  mucli 
Interest,  and  was  so  attended  to  l)y  the  great  Lords  as  M'  Wharton,  cannot  conclude  witliout  doing 
liini  the  Justice,  of  Sfiying,  that  he  has  tlie  greatest  Hi'spe«'t  for  you  &  in  all  Companies  Speaks  in  tho 
highest  Manner  of  you,  and  in  Publick  Companies  your  Ainericun  Friends  always  give  you  lor  u 
Toast  &  drink  your  Health  in  a  Bumper. 

Many  are  the  Places  of  lutertainmeiit  &  Curiosities  in  London  whicli  Delight  &  amuse  tlie  mind, 
Renalgh,  Vauxhall  &  Marybone  Gardens  holtl  the  Ibrcmost  Hank  for  Splendor  &  Eligance.  S'  Pauls 
Churcii  the  Palaces  of  New  Kensington  S'  James's  &  Hampton  the  Menslon  House,  London  & 
West-Minster  Bridges  &  Westminster  Abbey  Strike  the  Mind  of  the  Beholder  with  au  agreeable 
Sense  of  Grandeur  &  Magniiiceuce. 

I  spent  some  Days  in  viewing  the  Monuments  in  Westnunster  Abbey  &  taking  off  some  of  the 
Inscriptions  in  a  Journal,  amongs  the  r^-st  I  viewed  with  particular  Attention,  a  magnificent 
Monument  of  white  Marble  erected  to  the  Memory  of  that  Gallant  Admiral,  your  Uncle,  Sir  Peter 
Warren  :  done  by  the  Masterly  Hand  of  Rubiliac ;  close  by  the  W^all  is  a  large  flag  banging  to  a 
Flag-Statr,  &  spreading  in  natural  Folds  behind  the  whole  Momunent.  Before  is  a  fine  Figure  of 
Hercules  placing  Sir  Peter's  Bust  on  its  Pedestal ;  &  on  tlie  other  Side  is  a  Figure  of  Navigation, 

in  1778  was  named  one  of  tlie  Commisslonprs  for  roatoring  pence  In  America.  In  1782  he  became  Cliief  Secretary  of  Ireland 
under  the  Earl  of  Carlisle,  with  whom  ho  had  visited  this  country,  and  a  privy  Chancellor  in  1783.  In  1785  he  was  named 
Minister  to  France;  in  1780  he  was  one  of  the  Lords  of  Trade,  and  in  1788,  Ambassador  to  the  court  at  Madrid.  In  1789  he 
was  raised  to  the  Peerage  as  Baron  Auckland,  and  was  Minister  to  Holland  in  1793.  He  died  28th  of  May,  1814.  He  was  the 
author  of  Letters  on  Finance,  but  his  principal  work  is,  The  Principles  of  Penal  Law,  8vo.  1772.    Ed. 


I 


Vol.. 


38 


\  \ 


m 


rAPKH«    RKl.ATtNO    TO   THIC   NIX    NATION!. 


with  a  Laurel- Wreatli  in  her  Hand,  (^ndiig  on  tlie  Butt  with  a  Look  of  Adinlralli»n  ;  hchliul  hrr  a 
Cornu-CopiH  pours  out  Fruit,  Corn,  Money,  a  Fleece  ke  And  by  it  is  a  Cannon  and  n  likl)ln  rulilln^ 
very  naturnly  over  an  Anclior  k  many  other  Decorations. 

As  it  is  a  Time  of  Profound  Peace.  And  we  liave  no  News  here  I  beg  Irave  to  conclude  witlj 
asking  your  Pardon  for  the  Prolixity  of  this  Letter,  pray  give  my  Compliments  to  Sir  John  Juhnson, 
Col  Claus  k  Lady  Co*  Johns«)n  k  I^idy,  k  all  eniiuirlng  Friends  &  Kocelve  this  tlio'  tedious  in  goo<( 
Part  from  Dear  k  Wortliy  Sir 

Your  Friend  k  Welwlsher  Sincerely. 

To  Sir  William  Johnson.  Wm  Hanna. 


II' " 


i'V 


i 


1; 


REVD  WM.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  To  obviate  some  peculiar  Disadvantages,  under  widch  I  labour  in  my  present  Situation,  I 
made  per8'>nal  Application  to  You  lately  for  tlie  Mission  at  Johnstown; — not  but  tliat  I  had  turned 
my  views  that  Way  a  consideruble  Time  past, — only  I  was  prevented  by  some  Circumstances, 
which  till  then  had  not  determined  me.  However,  that  tliere  is  now  a  Pr()Si)ect  of  having 
shortly  a  Oentleman  ({Maliflcd,  i'rom  Representation,  to  supply  that  Place,  gives  me  much  Satisfuc- 
tion  ;  And  I  make  no  Duuht,  I'rom  the  Character  given  of  him,  that  his  Abilities  and  gootl  sense 
will  enable  him  to  perform  his  ministerial  Duty,  iu  such  a  Mauuer,  as  to  pi-ovo  l^enetlcial  to  all  tite 
good  People  wliom  he  purposes  serving. 

I  return  yon  sincere  Tlianks  lor  your  kind  Wishes,  and  Expressions  of  Consolation.  But  the 
very  Thing  which  enables  luc  to  continue  in  this  Mission,  is  the  Grievance  I  compluin  of :  For  my 
constant  Attendance  on  the  .School,  prevents  me  from  paying  tliat  Attention  to  my  Congregatiun 
which  I  con'd  really  wish,  and  from  my  being  obliged  to  write  two  Discourses  every  Week  I  am 
contined  from  taking  that  Kecreatlon  which  I  iind  my  Uealtli  requires. 

Indeed,  when  I  oflered  myself  for  that  Mission,  it  was  not  from  a  Presumption  tliat  I  stiou'd 
have  i)crfectly  answered  the  Description  given,  but  truly  from  lilgher  Motives,  whlcli  I  trust  In  Gmi, 
will  always  influence  me  to  do  my  Duty  with  that  continual  steady  care,  that  my  Station  requires. 
Avoiding,  at  the  same  time,  the  Levities  which  my  Age  might  incline  me  to  indulge,  and  the 
Gloominess  that  frequently  attends  our  Cloth. 

As  therefore  it  may  l>eimiM)Ssible  to  gratify  my  Wishes,  I  can  only  say,  that  I  shall  always  be 
happy  in  testifying  my  Gratitude  to  you,  &  shew  it  by  my  Willingness  to  officiate  there  occasionally, 
'tin  a  Missionary  is  settled. 

Believe  me  I  am  in  Sincerity, 

Sir,  your  affectionate  and  very  obedient  Servant, 

Wm.  Andrkws. 

Schenectady.  2'M  July.  1772. 

The  Hon**'*  Sir  William  Johnson  Bar', 


'W 


I'' 


w 


fArtM*    RU.AVINU    TU   TIIK   MIX    NATUiKI.  ^ff 

SIR  WM   JOHNSON  TO  THE  KEVD  DR.  Bl'RTON, 

RKHrKCtlNU   Tilt:    MKV.    MH.    MOMKLKY. 

JdIuisoii  hull  Oct'  2«»  1772. 

Sir,  It  \i  now  a  eotifliderable  time  uliice  I  Imd  the  pleanure  of  writing  tu,  or  of  hearing  frum 
you,  utitl  the  veiieruhle  Society  ;  a  Vtirlety  of  business,  together  with  my  bud  itute  of  health,  fc 
the  want  of  any  thing  very  material,  was  the  occasion  of  this  omission  of  my  purt. 

I  have  now  to  acquaint  you  that  Undiug  no  prospect  of  getting  tliu  Mission  ut  Johnstown  near  thif 
place  supplied  from  Euroi>e,  an  English  Gentleman  M'  Uich''  Mosely*  In  Orders,  who  lately  came 
to  this  Continent  in  a  Man  of  War,  &  was  nominateil  to  a  Mission  in  New  Knglnnd  has  been  strongly 
recMitumrnded  to  me  for  this  place,  he  appears  to  me  to  be  a  Good  kind  of  Man  &  I  have  accord- 
ingly Bccepteil  of,  and  Signiiled  to  him  what  I  can  contribute  in  a<ldition  to  the  Socivtys  Allowance, 
with  which  he  has  accorded,  &  is  to  enter  upon  his  Duties  imedlutely.  I  must  tlierefure  beg  Leave 
to  recommend  him  to  the  approbation  of  the  Society  ;  upon  this  occasion  I  ouglit  to  observe  tliat  the 
Missions  established  at  XiO  Ster  p  Ann,  are  found  by  Experience  in  tliis  Country  inadeijuate  in  the 
present  age,  Some  of  these  in  the  old  Settlements,  near  the  Sea,  where  tlie  Circumstances  &  Inclinations 
of  tiie  People  are  more  favorable,  may  enable  a  Mlssicjnary  to  li\e  tolerably  well,  but  here  where 
the  People  who  are  not  of  the  Low  Dutch  Communion  ure  New  Settlers,  &  poor,  the  contribu- 
tions are  as  trifling  as  tliey  are  uncertain  ;  This  has  occasioned  the  Rev>*  M'  Andrews  at  Schenectady, 
to  have  recourse  to  the  keeping  a  Scliool  witli  wlilch  ai'ditiou  to  his  income, as  he  writes  me  he  is 
notable  to  take  care  of  his  Family.  In  short  the  state  of  this  part  of  the  Country  is  not  thoroughly 
known  in  Europe,  It  is  an  Extensive  &  most  valuable  Tract  in  which  the  Majority  of  the  Settle- 
ments, and  the  Church  of  England  ure  in  tlieir  Infancy,  but  such  an  Infancy  as  aHbrds  the  most 
fluttering  hopes  If  properly  nourished  &  improved  for  a  little  time. 

The  Rev*"  M»  Munro  at  Albuny,  after  struggling  with  many  dlfflcultics  has  a  Good  Congregation, 
and  acts  with  much  Diligence,  and  Discretion.  I  have  already  mentioned  M'  Andrew's  situation 
M'  Stuart  at  the  Mohawks  is  much  esteemed  and  regularly  attended  by  the  Indians,  besides 
which  he  has  added  to  the  Number  of  Whites  of  his  Congregation,  and  the  School  is  very  promising 
he  sometimes  visits  the  Conajoharees,  but  M'  Hall  has  long  since  declined  coming  to  that  place,  and 
I  can  hear  of  no  other  to  supply  it,  so  that  that  necessary  Church  built  entirely  at  my  own  expence 
is  in  a  great  measure  useless. 

The  Cliurch  at  Johnstown,  (now  the  Capital  of  Tryon  Coimty)  having  been  found  too  small,  I 
rebuilt  it  last  year  of  Stone  at  my  own  Expence,  much  larger  than  the  former,  and  from  the 
Increase  of  people  M'  Mosely  will  have  a  very  large  Congregation.  The  School  there  is  extremely 
promising,  and  increases  fast,  86. 

Bev  D*  Burton. 

t  "  In  1772,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mozlcy,  a  Missionary  IVom  the  Society  Tor  the  Propagation  of  the  GoBpel,  at  Litchfleld,  Conn., 
■was  preaontod  by  the  grand  jnry  for  marrying  a  oonplo  belonging  to  his  parish  after  tlin  bnnns  were  duly  published  and  consent 
of  piironts  obtained.  The  court  mildly  fined  Mr.  Morley  201.  because  he  could  not  show  any  other  license  to  oflflciato  as  a 
clergyman  than  what  ho  had  received  from  the  Bishop  of  London,  whose  authority  the  court  determined  did  not  extend  to 
Connecticut,  which  was  a  chartered  government,  One  of  the  Judges  said,  '  It  is  high  time  to  put  a  stop  to  the  usurpations 
of  the  Bishop  ofLoudon,  and  to  let  him  know,  that  though  his  license  be  lawftil,  and  may  empower  one  of  his  ruratcj  to 
marry  in  England,  yet  it  is  not  so  in  America;  and  if  fines  would  not  curb  them  in  this  point,  imprisonment  should.'  "  (PeUr't 
Conn.  143.)  On  experiencing  this  rude  treatment  Mr.  Mozley  removed  to  Johnstown,  whither  30  families  from  New-England, 
all  dissenters,  followed,  and  settled  within  fifteen  miles  of  him.    He  left  Jolmstowu  in  the  spring  of  1774.     £d. 


lit 


•  iw 


n 


«R 


\r^ 


890 


PAPERS   RIXATlKe   TO  THE  SIX   VAttOSB. 


REV.  DAVID  JONES'  LETTERS  OF  ORDINATION. 


M 


The  Associai.d  churches  of  Jesus  Clirist,  the  son  of  God  and  coequal  with  the  Almighty  Father, 
the  great  Creator  of  all  things  in  heaven,  earth,  and  seas  wlio  are  particularly  distinguished  in 
America,  in  tliose  territories  bordering  ou  the  Sea,  and  under  the  Sovereignity  and  Dominion  of 
our  gi-eat  and  good  Father  George  the  third  king  of  Great  Brittaiu,  France  and  Ireland.    The 

FlilLADELPHIAN    ASSOCIATION. 

To  all  cliristian  People  and  our  brethren  tlie  native  inhabitants  of  America,  whose  eternal  happi- 
ness we  long  for,  as  tlie  reasonable  Creatures  of  the  alwise  Creator,  whose  exalted  felicity  the  great 
Lord  of  althings  purposes  to  accomplish  to  sliew  forth  liis  own  Glory  and  Power.  Where  ever  thig 
may  come  Send  Gr'^eting  and  our  christian  Salutation. 

First  .vith  all  trutli  and  faithfulness  We  declare  and  affirm.  Tliat  this  association  now  met  on 
the  thirteenth,  fourteen  and  fifteen  days  October  in  the  year  of  Clirist  1772.  Is  the  said  Phila- 
delphian  association  which  was  first  formed  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia  Anno  Domini  1707,  and 
hath  constantly  met  yeai-  by  year  and  every  year  since  either  in  Pliiladelphia  aforesaid  or  in  the 
city  of  New-York,  as  the  same  hath  been  adjourned  or  previously  appointed. 

Next  we  declare  and  make  known.  Tliat  this  association  at  this  time  consists  of  forty  christian 
churches,  all  situate  within  the  several  Provinces  of  Pennsilvania,  Maryland,  East  and  West  New 
Jerseys  and  New-York.  All  regularly  constituted,  ordered  and  governed  according  to  the  Will  of 
Grod,  as  revealed  to  us  in  his  Word,  That  only  we  endeavor  to  make  the  rule  of  our  Faith  and 
Practice,  in  all  religious  concerns. 

And  further,  We  do  declare  and  testifie  That  the  bearer  liereof  David  Jones  aged  about  thirty  six 
years  of  age,  about  five  feet  ten  inches  in  hight  of  a  spare  habit  of  body,  is  at  tliis  time  the  regular 
ordaind  Pastor  of  tlie  baptist  church  of  Jesus  Christ  in  Upper  Ffreehold  in  thecounty  of  Munmouth, 
within  the  province  of  East  New  Jersey.  And  that  he  is  in  full  and  comfortable  communion  iu 
his  said  church.  And  that  the  said  church  is  in  good  love  and  fellowship  with  this  association,  as 
it  hath  constantly  been  for  several  yejirs  past. 

And  lastly  We  do  declare  and  certifle.  That  at  the  especial  request  and  motion  of  our  dearly 
beloved  and  highl;  esteemed  brother  David  Jones  and  his  representation  of  his  benevolent  and 
fervent  longing  desire  for  tlie  promulgation  of  tlie  gospel  of  a  dear  Redeemer,  and  the  salvation 
of  the  imortal  souls  of  his  native  country  men,  the  several  Tribes  of  Indians.  He  is  now  pur- 
posing to  imploy  the  principle  part  of  tlie  ensuing  winter  amongst  the  inhabitants  on  the  West 
side  of  tlie  river  Ohio,  as  Gtxi  sliall  give  him  strength,  abillity  and  opportunity.  For  the  further- 
ance of  tliis  his  most  cliristian  undertaking;,  we  wish  him  god-speed  and  take  our  present  leave  of 
liim  praying  witli  him  and  for  liiiu,  that  tlie  Almighty  Potentate  of  heaven,  eartli  and  seas  will 
preserve,  protect  and  defend  him  from  all  evil  and  danger ;  Tliat  he  will  own  and  bless  his  endeavors 
to  promote  the  final  happyness  of  immortal  souls ;  And  that  at  his  return  to  his  endearing  family, 
his  church  and  us,  we  shall  be  comforted  by  the  glad  tidings  of  your  receiving  the  gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ  in  the  love  of  it,  submiting  to  the  Ordinances  of  the  word  of  God ;  and  living  suitable  and 
holy  lives  becoming  the  disciple,  and  such  who  have  be^n  redeemed  by  the  precious  and  divine 
blood  of  the  Son  of  God.    Signed  by  our  order  in  full  Association  Mew  York  the  15"»  of  Octo'  1772. 

A  Copy  Abel  Morgan  Moderator 

James  Manning  Clerk. 


MPKHS   RELATING   TO  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


301 


REVD  HAKRY  MUNRO  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Honourable  Slv,  [AsJ  M'  M»)8«lj'  is  in  a  hurry  to  leave  Town,  I  Imve  just  time  to  Salute  you  & 
family  in  the  juost  coitliul  &,  rtspt-ctflil  manner;  agsuriug  you  at  the  same  time,  that  no  Distance 
of  time  or  [place]  Sliull  e\cr  etl'ace  those  Sentiments  of  Friendsliip  &  ^r-ititude  I  [shall]  always 
retain  for  you.  I  have  been  lately  in  New  York,  where  I  collected  one  hundred  Pounds  among 
l^'iends  &  Connections,  lor  our  poor  Cliurcli  at  Albany,  which  now  makes  a  decent 
appearance;  Tlie  old  whidowa  being  taken  down,  &  new  Sashes  put  in  their  place.  The  inside 
also  is  [altered]  for  the  Better;  &  peace  &  harmony  generally  prevails  amongst  us;  Notwithstanding; 
[the]  malicious Ellbrts  of  a  certain  Cabal  [to]  disturb  our  Tranquility,  S'  J'eter's  [ClmrchJ  maintains 
her  ground,  &  increases  Jin)  numbers. 

I  have  sent  |you]  an  Abstract  for  the  present  year  [wliere  J  you  will  find  an  excellent  Sermon 
preached  by  D'  Moss.  Tlie  Clergy  at  New  York  desire  their  respectful  Comp**  to  you.  The  Fund 
for  Clergymens  widows  goes  on  Successfully  ;  iiaving  [lately]  received  a  present  of  Two  hundred 
[pounds]  Sterling  ft'om  Barbndoes.  I  sincerely  congratulate  you  on  the  appointment  of  your  new 
Cliaplin  &  [Missionary,]  wltli  my  most  hearty  wishes  that  he  may  fiswer  your  purpose,  &  [in  all] 
respects  promote  your  ginxl  and  (pious]  Design. 

The  Rev^  D'  B[urton]  is  to  ivsign,  &  one  D»  Hide  is  to  [be]  appomted  Sectary  next  Christmass. 
Tlie  Propriety  &  Expediency  of  sending  Bishops  to  America  is  now  the  general  Topic  of  Conver- 
sation in  England. 

Our  Governor  has  ln-en  extremely  111,  but  is  now  recovered,  &  gone  to  Philad*. 

Tliat  the  Almighty  njay  long  pw»serve  your  Life  in  [liealthj  &  happiness,  as  a  Blessing  to  [your] 
family,  &  to  tills  Country  In  general  are  the  ardent  wishes  and  hearty  prayer  of 

Hon'>i«  Sir  your  most  obliged 

most  obedient  &  most  humble  Servant 

Albany  12V>  Nov'  1772.  Habhy  Munro. 

To  Sir  Willituu  [Joluison.] 


REV.  MR.  GRAVES  TO  SIR  WM  JOHNSON. 

Hon'"  Sir  Permit  me  to  embrace  this  Opportunity  of  congratulating  you&  all  y«  Friends  of  our 
established  Religion  upon  y«  Arrival  &  Settlement  of  ye  worthy  M"^  Mosely,  who,  tho'  despis'd  by 
y-s  pious  Novanglians,  will,  I  doubt  not,  be  respected  by  y«  humble,  &  sincere  Jolmstonians.  I 
lieartily  wish  a  lasting  Unanimity  miiy  prevail  betweenn  him  &  his  Audience,  &  y'  he  will  fully 
answer  j"»  Designs  of  his  Venerable  Patrons.  As  he  is  a  stranger,  I  liave  presum'd  to  give  him  my 
Advice  &  DirectU^ns. 

I  am  sorry  y«  Society  have  iwen  ill  advis'd  by  a  certain  Lawyer  in  these  Parts  about  40  Acres  of 
Land,  given  by  y*  Indians  of  Niuraganset  to  y«  Society  for  encouraging  our  Religion  among  them 
in  y*  very  words  following — ^"  I  Geo.  Nlnegret  Cliief  &  Prince  of  y"  Narreganset  Indians  &c  for 
securing  &  selling  y*  Service  5t  worship  of  y*  church  of  England  among  them  have  given  &c  to  y« 
Use  of  y«  Society  for  pro]>ag«tlng  y*  Gospel  in  foreign  Parts  for  evermore  40  Acres  (&  whereon 
V«  church  of  England  now  stands)  butted  &c."    An  attested  Copy  of  ye  Deed  I  sent  to  ye  Society, 


:SO0 


PAPERS    RtXATING    TO    THE   SIX    NATIOKS. 


who  having  consuUed  M'  Houeyman  of  Rode  Island,  were  told,  y«  Land  was  given  for  a  resident 
Minister,  (tho'  there's  no  sucli  word  in  y"  Deed)  &  so  have  dropt  this  right,  &  y«  Land  is  &  lias  been 
occupied  by  one  Coll  Champlaiu,  who  has  thrown  down  ye  church  &  built  a  Tavern  w">  it.  The 
Land  is  worth  about  20  Doll,  p  Ann.  Now  if  y»  Society  wou'd  authorize  me,  I  wou'd  serve  him  w"" 
an  Ejectment,  &  if  I  lost  y"  suit,  it  shou'd  be  at  n.^  cost — ^if  I  recover'd  it,  they  shou'd  pay  me  & 
let  me  have  y«  Land  for  attending  those  poor  Indians,  who  wou'd  rejoice  under  my  Ministry.  I 
wish  you  wou'd  condescend  to  weigh  this  alfair.  Wishing  you  all  Happiness  in  Time  &  Eternity, 
I  presume  to  subscribe  myself, 

Y'  Honor's  most  obedient,  hum"  Serv» 

Matt  Graves  • 
New  London  March  12«»  1773. 

I  wish  y«  Trustees  in  England  had  a  faithful  narrative  of  D'  Wheeler's  &c. 


COL.  BABCOCK  TO  REV.  DR.   COOPER. 

ON    THE   SUBJECT   OF    ESTABLISHING   AN   ACADEMY    IN   THE    INDIAN  COUNTHV. 

Stonington  11«"'  Aug'  1773, 
Rev''  &  Dear  Sir  I  now  set  down  to  write  to  you,  upon  an  afiair  that  appears  to  me  of  tlie  utmost 
Consequence. — must  confess  I  am  somewhat  at  a  Loss,  in  what  manner  to  addresi,  myself  to  You — 
but  presuming  upon  our  former  Intimacy,  and  Acquaintance,  and  tliat  Friendship  whicii  you  have 
honoured  me  with,  siiall  without  any  farther  Preface,  beg  leave  to  say,  that  I  have  long  resolved 
in  my  mind,  a  cliange  of  tlie  manner  of  my  Lite,  and  have  had  serious  tlio'ts  of  Quitting  Agricul- 
ture, tho  a  very  pleasing  and  most  agreeable  kind  of  Lite;  and  going  Hume  to  Great  Britain  in 
order  to  take  a  Gound,  with  a  view  of  founding  a  Seminary  upon  tiie  Episcopal  Plan,  amongst  the 
Six  Nations  of  Indians,  under  the  Patronage  of  Sir  William  Johnson — I  communicated  this  affair 
to  my  Father  some  month  ago,  and  had  he  approved  of  it,  sliould  have  immediately  set  off  for 
Johnson  Hall  to  have  laid  tlie  affair  before  that  truly  great  man  Sir  William,  who  I  cant  help 
thinking  Providence  permitted  to  settle  in  this  Country  witli  a  Design  of  his  Christianizing  those 
numi '  iS  Nations  of  Savages,  over  which  he  lias  liad,  &  stil  has  sucli  a  surprising  Iiifluence,  and 
botli  the  last  War,  and  the  War  before  improved  them  in  military  Life;  so  much  both  for  the 
Interests  of  the  Crown  of  G  Britain,  and  the  particular  advantage  of  the  Colonies,  witness  the 
Engagement  he  had  with  Baron  Dieskau  on  the  8">  Sept'  1775,  (a  Day  I  shall  ever  have  great 
Reason  to  remember  for  I  lost  19  men  that  morning  out  of  CO  that  were  under  my  Command)  aa 
action  so  important  in  its  Consequences  as  any  that  ever  liappened  to  this  Country,  Irom  tlie  first 
Settlement  of  it  to  tlie  present  Day — had  the  Baron  succeeded  in  his  attempt  against  Sir  W™  this 

1  Rev.  Matthkw  Graves  a  native  of  England,  took  charge  of  the  Episcopal  church  at  Now  Londt  n,  as  Missionary  from 
the  Soc:  for  Prop:  the  Gosiwl,  in  the  year  1745.  He  continued  to  ofticlate  In  that  parish  until  1778,  when  he  was  requested 
to  forego  the  usual  prayer  for  the  King.  This  he  refused  to  do,  and  in  consequence  lie  was  driven  from  his  chu:  ch  one  Sunday 
after  reading  this  obnoxious  part  of  the  Liturgy.  So  suddenly  w'as  the  attacli,  that  lie  had  not  time  to  divest  himself  of  his 
surplice,  in  which  he  fled  to  the  house  of  a  parishioner,  who  tliongh  a  warm  Whig,  protected  liini  from  violence.  Kotwith- 
standing  public  service  was  thus  suspended,  Mr.  Graves  remained  in  Ne«'  London  until  the  following  years,  subjected  to  many 
slraith,  "  during  which  for  the  suj)port  of  his  family,  he  has  been  obliged  to  sell  almost  all  his  property  and  to  take  up  money 
on  very  disadvantageous  terras."  He  withdrew  to  Now  Vork  in  which  city  he  died  unmarried,  in  1780.  In  person  he  was 
ungainly;  of  low  stature,  rather  corpulent,  with  particularly  short  legs.  His  brother  John,  was  minister  of  the  Episcopal 
church  at  Providence  R.  I.  where  he  died  in  Nov.  178o.    Updike's  Hist,  ft'arragansett  Ch. 


m 
•1' 


PAPERS    RELATING   TO   THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


303 


Country,  at  least  great  Part  of  it,  would  have  been  deluged  in  Blood  &  Slaughter;  &  such  Scenes 
of  Horror  &  Distress  would  have  ensued,  as  would  shock  the  Ear  of  the  most  obdurate  Wretch. — 
General  Braddock  being  defeated  at  Monongahela,  and  the  array  under  his  Command  almost  cut  to 
Pieces.  One  third  killed,  one  third  Wounded,  and  one  third  run  away  whicli,  as  Gen*  Burton 
who  was  in  the  action  afterwards  assured  me,  was  as  near  the  Trutli  of  the  matter  as  lie  could 
relate.  Gen*  Shirley  at  that  Time  was  at  Oswego.  Tlie  City  of  Albany  would  have  instantly 
fallen  a  sacriflze  to  that  very  enterprizing  General  the  Baron  who  was  a  very  great  Favourite  of  the 
very  celebrated  Marshal  Saxe,  and  by  him  strongly  recommended  to  the  French  king,  as  one  of  tlie 
Viest  Officers  of  his  Rank,  in  all  his  most  Christian  Majestys  Forces.  He  at  the  Time  of  Marshal 
Saxes  Death  was  a  Col"  of  a  Reg'  of  Infantry  and  Lieu'  Col"  of  Saxes  Reg'  of  Horse.  The 
Baron  very  justly  observed  that  had  he  won  the  Day,  in  that  action  he  would  have  easily  cut  off  all 
Supplys  from  Gen'  Shirley  and  who  of  Course  must  of  Necessity  submitted  to  any  Terms  the  Biu-on 
would  have  please'd  to  impose.  The  6">  Nations,  had  Sir  W'"  been  defeated  undoubtedly  would 
Jiave  joyned  the  Baron — And  the  City  of  New  York  would  have  been  the  Barons  Head  Quarters — 
But  thanks  be  to  God  all  indulgent  Heaven,  did  not  think  proper  to  devote  this  Country  to  Ruin. 

The  Services  that  S'  W""  Johnson  has  done  in  this  Country  are  infinitely  more  fit  for  a  Vol"  than 
tliat  of  a  Letter  but  I  cant  help  thinking  that  his  most  valuable  and  very  important  Life  is  still 
reserved  by  Altnighty  God  for  the  most  noble  of  Purposes — I  acquainted  Sir  W"'  that  I  proposed 
laying  the  Matter  before  you,  and  of  my  desiring  you  to  commimicate  the  afl'air  to  Doc  Auclimuty, 
M'  Inglis,  &  M""  Ogilviee  and  if  the  good  Rector  and  tlie  rest  of  the  very  respectable  Clergy  of  your 
City  should  approve  of  the  thing  and  would  allow  of  Convributions  being  given  in  their  Churches 
on  a  Christmas  Day  or  any  other  Time  that  would  be  tho't  most  Proper,  whicli  from  their  Example 
might  and  I  verily  believe  would  become  general  tliroughout  tlie  Colonies;  by  which  means  a  larg 
Fluid  might  be  established  for  the  Purpose  of  founding  a  Seminary  amongst  the  G  Nations,  wliich 
after  a  regular  and  well  digested  Plan  miglit  be  laid  before  the  Public  by  S'  William  who  you  are 
sensible  is  extreamly  capable  of  doing  it;  who  assured  me  at  Amaganseth  Long  Island  from 
whence  I  am  just  returned  after  having  luul  the  great  Pleasure  &  satisfaction  of  spending  near  a 
Week  with  Sir  W"'  and  his  Nephew  M""  Dease  a  regular  bred  Physician  who  besides  the  Advantages 
of  a  very  genteel  &  learned  Education  in  Ireland  has  studied  under  the  most  able  Professors  in 
France  for  5  years  there  are  two  other  G'""  in  S'  Williams  Reten-i.^  ,  iz  M""  Daily  a  very  genteel  well 
bred  Person,  and  M'  Adams  who  has  bee.^  xv'th  S'  W">  ever  since  his  first  coming  to  America.  The 
good  Baronite  observed  that  if  your  answer  sumy  Letter  which  (shall  communicate  to  him,  agreeable 
to  his  desire)  should  it  succeed  agrneab)!  to  my  Wishes  (and  should  meet  with  that  favourable 
Reception  that  I  flatter  my  self  it  will,',  lie  would  push  the  affair  with  Gov  Tryon,  Gov'  Franklin, 
&  Gov'  I'enn  to  his  utmost  all  three  of  tlie  Gov^"  I  am  well  assured  would  take  very  particular 
Pleasure  in  obliging  S  W™  out  of  ■  ;  n-sonal  Regard  to  him  and  S'  William  might  with  the  utmost 
Propriety  ask  it  as  those  very  Indians  iiave  been  by  his  Influence  over  tlieni  the  means  not  only 
of  saving  this  Country  but  of  Conquering  Canada.  I  obs'^rved  farther  to  Sir  W"  that  it  would  be 
the  means  of  expediting  the  sending  of  a  Bishop  into  America  who  assured  me  nothing  could 
I  afford  I  him  greater  Pleasure;  and  that  he  would  recommend  it  in  the  strongest  Manner  to  the 
Ministry  at  Home,  and  farther  very  justly  observed  that  there  were  several  Gen"  in  orders  now  at 
New  York  that  were  fit  to  personate  the  Character  o*"  a  Bishop  and  would  he  made  no  Doubt  do 
Honor  to  the  exalted  Station,  and  who  knows  but  that  the  Gentleman  is  now  in  your  City  (and 
that  I  may  have  the  Honor  of  being  his  Chaplain)  who  may  preside  in  some  Measure  over  the  pro- 
posed Seminary — much,  very  much  therefore  depends  upon  the  Resolution  the  good  Gentlemen 
of  the  Clergy  in  your  City  shall  make  upon  this  occa^'o'i;  and  suffer  me  to  say  it's  an  affair  of  as 


''I 


IH., 


"■'I    I 


I 


304 


PAPERS    RKLATING   TO   THE  BIX   NATIONS. 


I    ':' 


!•!:{ 


much  Consequence  as  ever  was  laid  before  you  or  perhaps  ever  may  be — Why  may  not  Sir 
William  be  tlie  means  of  introducing  Learning  &  Religion  amongst  the  Indians,  and  civilize 
them  as  well  as  Peter  the  Great  did  the  Muscovites  and  altlio  Sf  W™  like  Solomon  has  been 
eminent  in  his  Pleasures  with  the  brown  Ladies,  yet  he  may  lay  the  Foundation  of  a  Building  in 
the  Mohawk  Coimtry  that  may  be  of  more  real  use,  than  the  very  splendid  T«*mple  that  Solomon 
built  and  I  dare  say  tliat  the  Queens  of  the  Senecas,  Oneydas,  Onondagoes,  Cu.vugas,  Tuscoraras, 
&  Moliawks,  may  joyn  in  their  Observations  with  the  Queen  of  Shcba  and  witli  tlie  same  Truth 
say,  that  not  one  half  was  told  them. 

This  in  a  great  Measure  might  prevent  the  Presbyterians,  who  are  tucking  and  ij'^ueezing  in  every 
possible  Crevice  they  can,  their  Missionarys  amongst  tlie  Indians,  who  from  their  Solemnity,  and 
ungraceful  stilfuess,  and  those  recluse  and  unsociable  dejected,  Airs,  wliicli  so  remarkably 
distinguishes  tiiose  splenetic  &  frightened  Enthusiasts  :  for  while  t'nese  are  continued  ;  Piety  is  quite 
striped  of  it's  own  proper  Ornaments,  and  asstuues  the  Habit  of  Cruft  Vice  and  Illnaliue. — and  is 
enough  to  prejudice  tlie  IndiaUv-)  against  tlie  sublime  Truths  of  tlie  Gospel. 

I  verily  believe  that  five  or  Six  Thousand  poimds  Steiliug  miglit  with  S'  W"""  Influence  be  easily 
raised  in  the  Colonies  and  abundantly  more  in  England  and  Ireland  and  some  in  (icotland — and  altho 
Sir  W™  settled  the  Line  between  the  English  &  the  Indians  in  the  year  1708  was  he  to  ask  grants 
of  Lands  for  the  above  purpose,  they  would  very  readily  give  large  Tracts  of  Lands ;  wliich  in 
Time  would  make  it  not  only  the  richest  Seminary  in  this  Country,  but  it  miglit  in  a  Cen*'-.ry  or 
two  vie  with  any  in  Europe,  and  by  doing  this  Sir  W'"  will  add  to  the  Character  of  the  great,  that 
of  the  good  Man,  for  without  a  Compliment,  we  may  very  justly  say  ol"  Sir  W"'  tliat  he  is  remarkably 
eminent  for  those  virtues,  wliich  have  a  peculiar  nobleness  and  Beauty  attending  them — He  is  ever 
been  remarkable  for  a  firm  Integrity  that  no  Tenii)tatioiis  can  corrupt,  for  a  disinterested  Generosity 
and  good  will  to  mankind,  for  a  Temper  of  Sympathy  and  Friendsliip,  of  gentleness  and  condescen- 
tion  and  to  enumerate  no  more  particulars,  for  Modesty  (in  opposition  to  Ostentation  and  Arrogance, 
which  while  it  declines  and  seems  least  fond  of  Appl>iuse,)  is  generally  the  most  sure  of  obtaining  it 
— and  lie  is  possessed  of  those  easy  and  unallected  Ciiarms  of  a  very  genteel  Deportment  which 
Sirike  and  captivate  every  beholder  wliich  makes  the  most  indifl'erent  of  his  Actions  not  only  tolera- 
ble but  even  graceful. — whereas  in  some,  particularly  in  a  certain  Admiral,  not  far  from  Boston,  who 
for  the  most  part  has  a  Stilfuess,  Violence,  and  Rudeness  that  renders  even  the  best  of  his  Actions 
offensive — I  am  very  confident  that  S^  William  would  refuse  doing  a  Favour  witli  an  infinitely 
better  grace  than  Admiral  Montagu  would  confer  one.  but  I  must  confess  that  I  am  greatly  preju- 
diced against  M'  Montagu  for  wliicli  1  have  very  good  Reason  and  therfore  will  say  no  more  about 
him. — I  si lall  write  to  Gov'  Franklin  myself  as  well  as  Gov'  Hutchinson  and  Gov' Wanton '  the 
former  &  the  latter  I  have  the  honor  of  an  intimate  Acquaintance  with  and  Govern'  Wanton  & 
his  Son  who  was  formerly  Lieu*  Governor  of  the  Colony  are  both  very  zealous  Churchmen  and  who  I 
am  very  confident  upon  an  application  made  to  them  would  strongly  recommend  the  matter  to 
the  Clergy  of  Rhode  Island  and  would  themselves  contribute  very  genteelly  to  so  useful,  so  noble, 
so  godlike  a  Design — S'  William  assured  me  that  I  might  make  use  of  his  name  upon  the  Occasion 
and  I  therelbre  beg  that  you  would  lay  this  Matter  before  the  Gen"  of  tlie  Cloth  in  your  city — 
And  I  should  be  extreamly  liappy  if  I  might  favoured  with  an  Answer  before  S'  WilUams  Return 
to  Johnson  Hall. 

Why  may  you  not  be  the  means  of  my  being  provided  for  as  well  as  your  serving  my  Brother 


1  For  a  Sketch  of  the  Waiitou  family,  Sec  Updike's  Hitt.  of  the  Narraganiett  Church,  295 


I'APKKS    UKLATIMtt   TU   TUK  SIX.   NATIONS 


KII& 


Luke*  with  Cul°  Philips — you  may  possibly  imagine  that  a  person  who  lias  had  such  remarKublo 
Sallys  ul'  Iiiteinpi'ruuctt  coiiIU  not  make  a  serious  clergyman  but  I  give  you  my  Honor  and  I  am  stiio 
you'l  lieliuve  me  that  lur  11  Mouths  past  I  have  tutully  abstained  from  Wine  and  Spirits  Ihidiu^  u^/uii 
re])eated  Trial  tliat  there  is  something  in  my  Constitution  tliat  at  present  will  not  bear  it. 

Bo  so  good  as  to  let  me  liear  IVom  you  as  soon  as  you  conveniently  can  upon  this  most 
interesting  Subject  in  which  the  Happiness  and  Usefulness  of  Tliousauds  yet  unborn  may  so 
much  depend. 

I  am  with  tlie  utmost  Sincerity  &  Trutli  liev^  &  Dear  Sir 

Your  most  Obedient  &  most  humble  Servant 
Rev''  M'  Miles  Cooper.  H.  Babcock» 


REV.  MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Sir,  My  Health  has  really  suffered  so  much  of  late  from  constant  Confinement  to  a  School,  & 
from  my  Attention  to  tlie  Mission,  that  I  have,  by  the  Advice  of  D'  Constable,  been  obliged  to 
make  an  K.xcursion  abroad  for  the  Recovery  of  it.  A  principal  Inducement  to  undertake  tliis,  was 
the  Arrival  of  a  Clergyman  at  Schenectady,'  wlio  kindly  offered  to  supply  my  Pln.ce,  shou'd  I  absent 
myself.     Tiie  care  of  the  School  I  have  committed  to  a  Person  of  Capacity, 

1  Rev.  Ldkk  Badoock  WAN  the  youngi'.t  son  of  Chief  Justice  Babcock,ofRIiode  Island  ;  he  was  born  about  1738.  Ho 
graduattHl  at  Vale  Collogc  in  1765,  and  afterwards  commciicod  the  study  ol  divinity.  In  1771,  the  Rev.  Luke  Babcocli  was 
recommended  by  the  clorpy  of  Now- York,  being  lately  ordained  by  the  Bishop  of  London  as  a  proper  jierson  for  a  Missionary, 
and  Col.  PhllipsehavinR  requested  that  the  mission  of  Philipsburgh,  formerly  filled  by  the  Rev.  llarry  Munro,  should  bo 
renewed,  they  aecurdinxly  appointed  Rev.  Luke  Babcock  to  the  mission.  King's  Coll.  N.  Y.  conferred  the  degree  of  A.  M, 
on  him  iu  1774.  On  ihu  luoaking  out  of  the  revolution,  liis  papers  were  examined,  and  because  he  answered  affirmatively  lo 
the  question,  whether  ho  considered  himself  liound  by  his  oath  of  allegiance  to  the  King,  ho  was  deemed  an  enemy  to  the 
liberties  of  America,  and  ordered  to  Hartford,  where  lie  was  detained  from  October,  1770,  to  February,  1777.  Under  this 
treatment  his  health  gave  way,  and  ho  was  ordered  to  rcnio\e  within  the  lines  of  the  King's  army.  "  Ho  got  home  in  a  raging 
fever  and  delirious,"  and  died  on  the  It-th  of  February,  1777,  extremely  regretted.  "  Indeed,  (says  Mr.  Seabury)  1  know 
not  a  moro  uxcellent  man,  and  1  foar  his  h>ss.  especiully  in  that  mission,  will  scarcely  be  made  up."  "  He  was  not  only  (adds 
Mr.  Inglia)  exemplary  in  his  life  and  assidumis  in  his  pastoral  duty,  but  (fistiiigiiislied  by  his  steady  loyalty  and  warm 
attacluiient  to  the  constitutiou  iu  Clinreh  and  State."  His  remains  were  deposited  in  tlie  family  vault  of  the  Van  Cortlandts. 
By  his  wife.  Grate  Isaties,  a  cousin  of  Judire  Isimcs  of  New.Haven,  he  left  two  son.s,  Cortlandt  and  Frederick ;  the  latter  was  the 
father  of  thu  late  Mrs  \V.  L.  Morris,  of  Vonkors.  He  also  left  ono  daughter,  Henrietta,  who  married  a  Mr.  Richard  Saltonstal, 
of  New-Yoik.  There  is  a  Uno  portrait  of  the  Rev  Luke  Babcock  in  the  possession  of  Mrs.  Babcock,  of  St.  Marks  Place,  N. 
Y.  He  is  represented  iu  gown  and  hands,  his  head  reclining  on  his  right  arm,  which  rests  upon  a  book.  Tliere  is  somcihing 
extrenu^ly  calm  and  placid  iu  his  countenance,  corresponding  with  his  benevolent  mind.     Bolton. 

2  Col.  IIenrv  Bauoock,  eldest  brother  of  the  Rev.  Lidte  B.,  was  born  in  1730,  entered  Yale  College  at  the  age  of  twelve, 
and  took  his  de-rco  when  sixteen  years  old.  At  the  age  of  eighteen  he  was  Captain  of  an  independent  company  of  infantry, 
and  at  nineteen  marched  to  Albany,  thence  to  Lake  George,  where  he  formed  part  of  the  force  under  Col.  Williams,  which 
was  defeated  by  Baron  Dicskau.  Ho  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major  in  the  following  year;  at  the  age  of  twcnty.one  was 
Lieutcnunt-Colonet,  and  next  year  Colonel  of  the  R.  I.  regiment.  In  1758  he  marched  500  men  with  the  army  against 
Ticonderoga,  where  ho  had  110  nu'u  kilio'l  and  wounded.  He  himself  received  a  musk(^t  ball  in  the  knee.  He  was  afterwards 
at  the  capture  of  tho  same  fort  by  Gen.  Amherst.  In  1701,  ho  went  to  England,  where  he  spent  a  year,  and  soon  after  his 
return  married  and  settled  at  Stonington,  Conn.,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  the  law.  [It  seems  by  the  above  leUer,  he 
■was  desirous  to  enter  orders.  Wo  llnd  him  afterwards  engaged  in  the  Lake  Superior  copper  speculations.]  When  the 
revolution  broke  out,  lie  joined  the  whig  party,  and  in  1770  was  appointed  by  the  Legislature  coiaraander  of  the  forces  at 
Newport.    Ho  was  a  man  of  tine  persot,,  accomplished  manners,  commanding  voice,  and  an  eloquent  speaker.    Updike. 

3  Rev.  JoBN  IlouoniY  (o.)  Th's  gentleman  who  is  supposed  to  have  belonged  to  Westchester,  graduated  at  King's  (now 
Columbia)  College  in  1770,  after  which  he  went  to   England  where  he  was  ordained  for  the  church  at  Peekskill.    He 

a  In  the  Pooiety's  »b«triu!l«  tho  nam*  >«  (pelt  "  Doty,"  we  suppose  from  the  pronnnciatlon.  It  is  printed  "  Doughty"  in  the  Catalogue  of 
Oolambia  Coll. 

Vol.  IV.  89 


If         ! 

■n 


806 


PAPBM    RELATING   TO  THE   BIX   NATIONS. 


When  I  left  home,  I  had  an  Intention  of  taking  the  Liberty  of  waiting  upon  yon,  &  presenting 
myself  as  u  flt  Object  of  your  further  Recommendation.  With  this  View,  I  went  to  Sir  John,  a  It-w 
Days  before  my  Departure,  tliut  I  might,  if  not  improper,  learn  where  you  was  lo  be  I'ouiui ;  also 
upon  my  Return  I  communicated  my  Designs  to  Colonel  Jolmsou,  wlio  promised  from  liimseif  to 
second  my  Application.     Wliose  Letter,  I  trust,  on  tliis  Head  you  will  have  received  by  tliis  Time. 

You  may  recollect.  Sir,  that  I  applied  to  you  on  the  same  occasion  last  Winter,  when  I  was 
apprehensive  my  Constitution  cou'd  not  undergo  the  Servitude  of  a  Mission  &  School  together.  My 
Suspicions  have  been  verified  much  to  the  Prejudice  of  my  health,  Exercise  &  a  Chanu;e  of  Air 
are  the  only  Expedients  prescribed  lor  tlie  Recovery  of  it,  whicli  I  now  intend  enjoying,  in  sucli  a 
Manner,  as  my  Circumstances  will  aflbrd.  But  shou'd  I  ever  recover,  &  return  to  the  same  Duties, 
a  Relapse  probably  ending  In  a  Constunption  wou'd  be  tlie  fatal  Consequence. 

The  Venerable  Society's  B«Mnity,  &  an  uncertain  Subscription,  wliich  is  daily  lessening  by  the 
Removal  of  some  of  the  Congregation  to  t!>e  Country,  Is  a  very  insufficient  Support  for  a  Family  at 
Schenectady,  &  more  so  as  House-rent  miist  be  deductetl  from  that  Pittance. 

These  Circumstances  when  combined  together,  will  clearly  evince  the  Hardships  I  labor  under, 
&  render,  I  h'-jip,  my  conduct  justifiable  In  the  Eyes  of  tiie  Society,  &  of  the  People.  And  more 
particularly  jj,  n^  I  shall  engage  not  to  relinquish  the  Mission  'till  It  is  properly  supplied,  and 
not  even  u  "n  wltliout  your  Approbation. 

This  Grti-  nau  who  now  officiates  in  my  Room,  is  pcisonally  known  to  Colonel  Johnson,  &  I 
belio\u  wou!,  if  agreeable  to  you  &  the  People,  accept  the  Mission.  He  is  a  Relation  of  M'. 
£1L'  s;.     A  Pi-  ><on  of  gooil  Abilities,  &  a  fair  Character. 

Ku-,'.'  Siiou'd  you  choose  to  favor  me  witli  recommendatory  Letters  to  the  SouUiward  to  such  of 
ycvir  Ac  ;;.■•'•  •"•ncps  as  you  tiiought  (iroper  on  this  Occasion,  I  won'd,  depending  on  tlieir 
Strength.,  !,.■  •  i  to  Maryland  &  Virginia,  Si  endeavor  to  obtain  one  of  the  vacant  Parishes  In  eitlier 
of  t'-'tse  Provinces. 

I  send  this  Inclos'd  In  M^  VVnllaces  packet,  who  tells  me  lie  purposes  leaving  this  on  a  Visit  to 
you  next  Thursday,  Sa  before  then  expects  being  lionored  with  your  Letters.  At  the  same  Time, 
I  intend  accompanying  hiui  &  his  Lady,  &  thereby  liave  an  opportunity  of  recovering  my  Health,  & 


I; 


moved,  however,  to  Scliencctaily,  us  almvr  stut^  d,  to  wliii'li  (iliice  he  was  appoiiilod  in  1773  nt  the  request  of  the  TiVanlens  and 
Vestry.  In  1775,  divino  service  was  siispi'inlod  in  Ills  cliuirli,  on  account  of  tlic  troubles  and  he,  himself,  became  the  olycct 
of  much  liarsh  treatment.  lie  was  taken  prisoner  twice,  and  at  length  decnird  it  prudent,  in  the  fall  of  1777,  to  apply  for 
liberty  to  remove  to  Canada  wliicli  he  (il)taiiird.  lie  thereupon  proceeded  to  Montreal  where  he  was  appointed  Chaplain  to  his 
Majesty's  Uoyal  rc;iimi'nt  of  New  York.  Wluii  lie  left,  his  conprepation  at  Sclienectady  numbered  only  69,  exclusive  of 
slaves.  Of  those  12  were  eommunieant.s.  In  1780.  the  number  was  reduced  lo  27  white  adults.  He  continued  in  5[ontreal 
until  October  1781  viien  he  repaired  to  Eiicland.  He  returned  to  Canada  12  June  1781,  having  been  appointed  Missionary 
at  Sorcl.  Here,  for  the  first  four  weeks,  he  performed  divine  service  in  the  R.  Catholic  church,  and  afterwards  in  tho 
barracks  where  he  residei\.  A  jilace  of  worsiiip  was,  however,  afterwards  erected,  and  Mr.  D.  continued  missionary  at  this 
place  until  17M.  "  It  is  wiiii  conecru  (s.iys  the  Society)  that  it  has  received  information  that  they  are  deprived  of  the  useful 
aerviccs  of  this  worthy  Missionary,  .Mr.  .John  Doty,  by  his  removal  into  Iiis  native  country,  to  take  charge  of  St.  Anne.s' 
church  at  Brooklyn  on  Long  Island  in  the  Proving"-  of  Ner  York,  (Abstract  of  1794  5.)  His  connection  with  tliis  church 
must  however  been  brief,  for  his  name  occurs,  aga.-  i  17?)  ■,  -a  the  Society's  list  as  Mis.sionary  at  Sorel,  whither  he  must 
have  returned  the  previous  year.  ITe  finally  rcs'gi.  a  this  mission  in  1800,  when  his  connections  with  the  Soeiety  for 
propagating  the  Gospel  ceased  altogetlier.     Kn. 


^  Mr.  Fish,  Bothor  of  the  History  of  St.  Anne's  Ch  .  Tirtioklyn  umlcrlakos  loray  that  "  tho  rams  of  Doty  docs  not  appear  in  the  rowir.l  of 
clergy  in  the  State  of  N.  York  at  all."  The  Pocicty'i  ahstractx  we  presume  are  good  authority  for  the  contrary.  Wood  and  Thompaon 
mentton  hU  name  among  the  clergy  of  St.  Anne's. 


PAPUB  RILATIMO  TO  THE  SIX   NATIONS. 


SOT 


explaining  myself  ftirther  on  this  Subject,  but  lesf  my  IJealth  shou'd  not  permit  doing  myself 
that  Honor,  shou'd  be  very  happy,  if  convenient,  to  liear  your  Sentiments. 

I  liope  you  have  received  tliat  Benefit  in  tiio  Restoration  of  your  Health,  which  all  who  know 
you  wish,  &  liim  particularly  so,  wlio  is  with  the  greatest  Respect  &  Gratitude, 

Sir,  your  most  ol:)edieut  Servant, 
New  York  16»»»  August  1773.  Wm.  Andbewi. 

The  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


REVD.  MR.  ANDREWS  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Williamsburgh  IT*>  September  1773 

Sir,  Immediately  after  my  Arrival  hero  I  waited  upon  Lord  Duiiniore  with  your  recommendatory 
Letter,  and  he  tohl  me  that  no  vacant  Parisli  hud  lately  elaps'd  into  his  Gift,— and,  that  if  even  tliere 
was  one,  He  cou'd  not,  consistent  with  his  Engagements,  promote  me  over  the  Heads  of  Six  Candi- 
dates then  upon  his  List.  But,  cou'il  I  find  a  Vacancy  in  tlie  Power  of  the  Vestry,  he  wou'd  do 
his  utmost  to  serve  me. 

Tlie  Circumstances  of  the  Parishes  liere,  I  shall  endeavor  to  explain  to  you,  as  well  as  the  little 
knowledge  I  have  acquir'd  will  enable  me. 

In  the  first  place,  tiiere  is  an  Act  of  Assembly  for  tlie  Payment  of  16000  Weight  of  Tobacco  to  the 
Rector  of  each  Parish,  reclcoa'd  equal  to  JCSOO  Virginia  Currency,  wluch  approaches  tlie  nearest  to 
Sterhng,  I  believe,  of  any  Money  on  tlie  Continent.  Tlie  SlierrilTs  collect  this  tithable  Commodity 
for  them,  or  receive  in  Lieu  thereof  Cash,  if  agreeable  to  the  Parsim  ;  so  that  no  Trouble  or  Incon- 
venience arises  from  tliis  Mode  of  levying  tlieir  Salaries  regularly.  And  as  there  is  an  exact 
Equality  in  tliis  Taxation,  the  only  Advantages  one  Incumbent  lias  aliove  another  proceeds  entirely 
from  the  Prices  of  Tobacco  in  the  respective  Parishes,  from  tlie  diiferent  Value  of  the  Glebe  Lands 
&  Parsonage  House,  &  from  their  Situation  in  Point  of  Heultli. 

When  a  Vacancy  liappens  tlie  Power  of  Presentation  is  in  the  Vestry  for  twelve  Months  after,  & 
then  it  elapses  to  the  Governor,  who  seldom  inducts,  (unless  in  new-lbrm\l  Parishes,)  as  there  are 
a  number  continually  waiting  for  Provision.  The  Impossibility  of  ell'ecting  the  Removal  of  an 
Incumbent,  &  the  ill  Conduct  of  some  Ministers,  has  made  the  Vestry,  who  are  the  Voice  of  the 
Congregation,  somewhat  more  cautious  than  they  formerly  were  in  presenting  j  therefore  tlie 
general  Practice  which  at  present  prevails,  is  taking  Strangers  upon  Trial,  till  their  moral  Conduct, 
Abilities,  &  Character  from  whence  tiiey  came,  arc  discovered. 

Amongst  the  present  Hunters  f  r  Livings,  I  find  upon  Record  the  Name  of  the  Rev*i  M''  Hanna, 
who,  notwithstanding  he  has  seen  tlie  King  &  his  Rubes,  &  been  strongly  recommended  from  Eng- 
land to  tills  l*rovince  &  that  of  Maryland,  he  still  remains  unprovided  for  by  the  latest  Accounts 
of  him.  His  Character  is  not  known  here,  nor  have  I  been  so  uncharitable  .  *o  ?quaint  the 
Clergy  with  it.     It  is  his  Want  of  Powers  to  please,  tliut  lias  hitherto  been  the  obs  a^^.;    ''  his  success. 

Fn)ni  this  View  of  the  Matter,  Sir,  which  I  have  troubled  you  with,  the  Imp  ol.^  .  .ity  of  my 
obtaining  Preferment  thro'  his  Lordship  plainly  appears.  And  more  especially  so,  as  He  seems  to 
have  little  Acquaintance  with  the  Vostry,  &  less  Concern  for  my  Interest. 

Tlie  very  Day  I  left  New  York,  I  met  M'  Stuart,  on  his  Way  to  Pensylvania,  who  told  me  M' 
Mosley  intended  relinquishing  the  Mission  at  Johnstown,  finding  it  impossible  to  continue  longer  in 


I 


ii 


B06 


PAPERS  HElATTirO   TO  TRC  IIX  WATTOm. 


fhe  state  of  H«alth  he  then  was  in,  &  thaf  he  was  apprehensive  of  his  Disorder's  increasing. 
Indeed  he  told  me  when  I  was  there  that  he  wish'd  I  had  his  Place.  Now,  Sir,  as  I  have  furmerly 
sollicited  yon  on  tills  Head,&  have  no  Hopes  of  being  able  to  remove  here,  I  shou'd  Ije  extremely 
happy  &  contented  to  undertake  that  Mission.  And  shouM  M'  Mosiey  give  it  up  voluntarily,  I  trust 
in  Gud,  yon  will  be  good  enough  to  let  me  have  it,  that  is,  if  you  thinlc  me  agreeable  &  quaiiiied 
to  discharge  the  Duties  of  the  Mission. 

This  woii'd  be  an  efl'ectual  Remedy  of  ray  present  Grievances,  a  probable  Restorative  of  my  former 
Health,  &  be  the  greatest  obligation  you  con'd  confer  on 

Sir,  your  grateful,  &  most  obedient  servant 

W.  Andrews. 
The  Honorable  Sir  William  Johnson  Baronet. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  COL.  BABCOCK, 

ON   THE    ACADEMY    FOR    THE    INDIANS. 

Johnsonhall  Nov'  19«h  1773. 

Sir,  I  have  had  tlie  favor  of  your  Letter,  from  Stonington,  and  am  obliged  to  you  for  your 
kind  enquiries  about  my  health,  which  I  think  somewhat  improved. 

Tiiere  is  no  doubt  from  the  Letter  you  inclosed  to  me  that  tlie  Clergy  at  Boston  wo  Id  wish  well 
to  a  design  so  laudable  in  speculation,  but  after  giving  it  mucli  attention  I  am  inclined  to  apprehend 
that  there  is  more  ditBculty  in  the  execution  tlian  you  seem  aware  of;  success  is  no  Constant 
attendant  on  Laudable  designs,  they  often  owe  it  to  party,  or  to  the  favorable  operation  of  lucky 
Circumstances,  and  to  cool  reception  and  failure  of  some  similar  views,  tho'  well  supported  & 
strongly  recommended  creates  a  doubt  in  nie  of  the  success  of  a  Scheme  without  any  fund, 
depending  on  the  piety  of  nien  in  power,  or  the  bounty  of  tlie  public. — perliaps  witliin  a  little 
time  the  Scheme  may  bid  fairer  for  success,  when  however  loatli  to  renew  applications  I  would 
willingly  give  it  my  countenance,  as  it  lias  my  best  Wishes,  and  I  am  heartily  sorry  that  the  present 
times  do  not  appear  more  I'avorable  to  a  design  that  might  be  productive  of  much  benefit. 

Be  assured  tliat  I  sliall  always  be  glad  to  see  or  hear  from  you  as  I  am  with  truth  and  regai-d.  Sir 

Your  hearty  Well  wisher 

and  very  hnmble  Servt. 

Henry  Babcock  Esq'. 

Sir  John  Col  Johnson  D'  Dease  &  all  here  desire  to  be  kindly  remembered  to  yon. 


-♦» 


COL.  BABCOCK  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 

Stotnlngton  28«»>  Dec'  1773. 
Sir  I  was  honoured  with  your  Favour  of  the  19»h  Nov'  which  have  now  before  me,  and  have 
read  it  with  tlie  greatest  attention;  and  altho'  I  am  very  loth  to  be  troublesome  to  you,  with  my 
Letters,  yet  have  presumed  once  more  to  write  to  you. — I  observe  you  are  pleased  to  say,  that 
"  Perhaps  in  a  little  Time  "  the  Scheme  may  bid  Fairer  for  Success,  when  however  lotli  to  renew 
"  applications,  I  would  willingly  give  it  my  Countenance,  as  it  has  my  best  Wishes"  &'•. 


im 


PAPEM   KELATINO   TO   THE   SIX   MATIOm. 


909 


I  should  b«  extreamly  sorry,  to  desire  any  tiling  ofTou,  that  would  give  you  the  least  uneasiness, 
and  I  am  thoroughly  sensible  tliat  no  Person  can  be  more  delicate  than  you  in  asking  u  Favour 
for  your  Self. 

But  in  soliciting  Benefactions,  for  those  nations  of  Indians,  who  you  well  know,  have  been  very 
Qsel\il  in  saving  this  Country,  and  adding  to  it  vast  acquisitions,  as  they  were  improved  by  you  tlie 
last  War. — To  civilize  Barbarians,  and  make  them  happy,  is  a  Task  as  replete  with  Pleasure,  as  any 
I  can  figure  to  myself.  I  will  readily  allow,  that  there  are  DliUcultys  in  the  Way  (particularly  in 
establishing  a  Fund)  but  Industry  &  Perseverance  will  surmount  them — I  would,  could  I  be 
autliorised  by  you,  next  Spring  chearfully  make  tlie  Trial  throughout  the  Colonies,  in  tlie  same 
manner  tliat  I  did  in  he  Town  of  Newport,  and  should  it  meet  witli  the  favourable  Reception,  tliat 
I  flatter  myself  it  would,  you  would  never  repent  it. — In  the  Island  of  Jamaica,  for  the  Philadelphia 
College  was  raised  Eiglit  Tliousand  poitnds  tiieir  Currency;  and  Cliarity  may  be  asked  with 
infinitely  more  Propriety  for  the  Indians,  tlian  the  Pliiladelphians,  who  are  of  tliemselves,  well  able 
to  support  a  Seminary  without  any  foreign  Assistance. 

Success  (aS  you  may  justly  observe)  is  no  constant  Attendant  "  on  laudable  Designs,  they  owe  it 
often  to  Party  and  the  favourable  opperations  of  lucky  Circumstances''  and  may  we  not  venture  to 
add  that  it's  often  owing  to  the  invisible  liand  of  God. — The  Story  of  Joseph  and  his  Bretlieren,  as 
mentioned  in  the  old  Testament  does  not  appear  more  striking  to  Me  tlian  your  first  settling  in 
this  Country. — The  Place  you  pitched  upon  to  settle,  and  in  Consequence  of  that,  the  surprizing 
Influence  you  had  over  the  Indians,  and  tlie  great  Benefits  resulting  from  that  Influence — Tlie  many 
narrow  Escapes  you  have  run,  not  only  the  common  Chances  of  War,  but  the  high  Rewards  oflerd 
to  the  french  Indians  either  to  assasinate  You,  or  take  You  Prisoner,  and  your  eluding  all  their 
repeated  Efforts ;  it  cannot  be  entluisiastical,  for  me  to  say,  that  there  was  a  kind  Providence  tliat 
protected  you ;  and  your  most  valuable  Life  I  stil  believe,  is  reserved,  to  lay  the  Foundations  of 
civilizing  &,  christianising  those  numerous  Nations  of  Indians,  at  present  ignorant  of  the  vast 
Blessings  in  store  lor  them. 

Please  to  accept  of  my  sincerest  Thanks,  for  the  kind  Manner  in  which  you  are  pleased  to  express 
yourself  in  my  behalf;  and  return  my  Compliments  to  Sir  John,  &  the  rest  of  the  Gentlemen  of  your 
vicinity — am  not  determined,  whetlier  I  shall  do  myself  the  Honour  of  paying  You  a  visit  this  Winter, 
but  if  I  do  not  this  Winter  fully  intend  it  in  the  Spring. 

I  am  with  greatest  Esteem  Your  most  obedie 
&  most  humble  Servant 

Sir  William  Johnson.  Henry  Babcock. 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  THE  REVD  DR.  HINDS. 

Johnson,  hall  March  8"»  1774. 
Sir,  In  my  Letter  of  November  last  to  you  I  laid  before  the  Venerable  Society  a  General  Sketch 
of  the  present  State  of  the  Missions  in  this  Quarter,  and  of  some  late  Changes  respecting  them, 
wherein  I  had  occasion  to  acquaint  you  with  the  manner  in  whicii  the  Rev"  M'  Mosley  was 
introduced  to  the  Mission  at  Johnstown  in  my  neighbourhood,  and  of  the  precarious  State  of  his 
health  for  some  time  past; — Since  which  he  has  been  under  the  Necessity  of  acquainting  me,  that  he 
can  no  longer  undertaken  to  discharge  the  duties  of  his  Office  here  from  the  repeated  attacks  of 
an  Epileptic  complaint,  &  is  therefore  desirous  of  returning  to  England  to  his  friends,  he  has  not 


I  i^ 

erf      i  li .  if 


310 


PAniUI  KELATIITO  TO  THE  SIX   MATIOHS. 


been  nble  to  officiate  {or  sonic  time,  liis  fiicultles  seem  much  Impaired  &  he  has  retircii  from  the 
^li^i^<ion. 

As  f  Imve  in  my  Inst,  niul  foniier  Letters  so  fully  shewn  the  Iniportunce  of  this  ^'i»'>i()n  In  man)' 
essential  points  It  is  iinnecessuiy  to  oliserve  timt  it  must  sutler  greiit  disudvuiituge  slioult^l  iit  coiktiiiue 
long  uiisupplied  I  have  tlicrerureiio  (lou!>t  oftlie  Society's  cure  &  attention  to  proniute  true  Heligiou 
in  this  Jntiint  Settlement  hy  endetnuiuing  to  procure  some  fitting  person  to  undertake  tliut  Cliarge, 
as  soon  as  possii)le  as  I  know  of  no  Ciindidate  tliut  oilers  at  present  in  this  Country,  tiio'  I  trust 
such  may  he  tbund  in  England  amongi-t  Some  of  those  Gent*  who  have  but  sniali  incomes  with 
large  families  tiu-  whom  they  can  make  a  better  provision  in  America  than  at  home,  At  the  same 
time  I  sliall  iu  Conjunction  wiUi  tiie  Clergy  of  tliis  Province  make  the  mos'  diligent  enquiry  in 
order  to  have  It  supplied  here  if  po<!si!)le  as  a  Congregation  80  large  &  promising  &  that  must  in  a 
little  time  intiuence  a  large  extent  of  Cuiintry  deserves  much  attention;  and  I  tiiink  it  very  necessary 
to  make  a  private  observation  that  tliis  part  of  the  Country  is  not  Circumstanced  like  the  Old  Settle- 
ments on  t!ie  Sea  Coasts,  where  tlie  Missiouarys  are  in  fact  usefull  only  to  a  select  few,  where  all 
tlieir  Neiglibours,  are  bigotedly  attached  to  their  respective  Sects,  &  seldom  come  witiiin  the  Pale 
of  tiie  Church,  but  here  tlie  Inhabitants  are  for  the  most  part  very  ignorant,  &  have  been  chiefly 
invited  by  the  fertility  of  tiie  Soil,  &.  the  advantage  of  fine  Communicat"'  for  transporting  tiieir 
produce,  and  as  tiiey  were  of  the  i)rtorer  &  lower  Class  of  Adventurers  from  diif «  Countries  they 
liave  in  gener**!  very  little  acquaintance  with  any  Religion,  &  a  Minister  can  not  be  accused  of 
iiUi»rfering  amst  them  so  that  the  first  Church  which  goes  on  Successfully  &  without  interruption 
must  attach  them  all,  &  not  only  them  but  all  those  who  are  in  the  same  predicament,  wl  o  are 
really  the  bulk  of  the  people  in  a  Country  that  settles  amazingly  fast  all  of  whom  may  in  time 
become  Zealously  attached  to  our  Cou:;titutlon  in  Church  &  State  if  duly  attended  to  in  their  Infancy. 
The  Independ'^  Mother  Dissenters  *■,»«  <m  sensible  of  this  that  repeated  applicat"  has  been  made 
for  the  use  of  tl-.(  CI;:  :>fteu  by  iilDf-raut  preachers  whenever  the  Minister  was  absent  for  that 
purpose  I  leave  you  to  J  udgn  A om  tiie  S  ly  Artifices  as  well  as  public  attacks  practised  by  them 
against  the  Ch:  of  Englaiid  in  Americii; — 

As  I  do  not  recollect  any  material  occurrence  since  my  last,  I  have  only  to  offer  my  best  Regards 
tr  the  Society,  &  most  Cordial  Wishes,  for  the  prosperity  of  their  pious  &  Laudable  endeavors 
assuring  you  that  I  am  with  much  Esteem  Sir  &ca. 

The  Rev-J  D'  Hind- ' 


THE  CHURCHWARDENS  OF  SCHENECTADY  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON. 


Honourable  Sir,  The  very  humane  Treatment  which  we  have  constantly  experienced  from  you 
is,  and  we  hope  ever  will  be  gratefully  remerabred  by  us.  In  particular  we  tliink  ourselves  greatly 
indebted  to  your  kindness  and  Generosity  in  assisting  us  on  a  recent  occasion  with  your  good  and 
seasonable  Advice  and  supporting  us  w  ith  a  Pri)mise  of  your  friendly  Interposition  in  our  Favour. 

1  Rev.  Richard  Hihd,  D.  D.,  son  of  T)r.  Jolin  Hind,  rector  of  Fendon,  Sussex,  was  born  at  Boddington  in  >'ort1ianip. 
tonshire,  in  1715;  entered  Oxford  about  1730,  and  obtained  li's  degree  of  Doctor  of  Divinity  in  1749;  became  rector  of  Shering, 
Essex,  1754,  and  of  St.  Anne,  Westniinst<'r,  170(1,  b<illi  of  wlilcli  he  vacated  in  1778  for  tlic  Vicarages  of  liodidale,  Lancashire, 
and  Sltipton,  Yorksliire,  on  account  of  a  dispute  wliloli  lie  bad  witli  liis  Curate  in  St.  Anne's,  particulars  of  which  are  given  in 
the  47th  v'ol.  of  the  Gent.  Mag.  lie  was  al.so  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's.  Dr.  Iliud  died  at  Rochdale,  18th  Feb.,  1790,  ret 
75.  Some  of  his  sermons  have  been  printed,  yicholn'  Literary  Anecdotes.  Uc  was  succeeded  by  tlio  Rev.  Dr.  Wra.  Morrice 
as  Secretary  of  the  Society  for  prop,  the  Gosp. — £i> 


rAPKM    RKLATINO   TO  THE   ■IX    NATIONI. 


•11 


We  wrote  a  Line  requesting  to  knc 
matter  of  Consequence.     In  answi 
offering  lie  liad  sent  it  by  tlie  Pa< 
our  request  we  are  at  a  loi^s  tq  asbn 
from  M'  Andrews  soon  after  lie  1' 


We  should  esteem  ourselves  higiily  cuIpai)Io  had  we  not  invariably  attended  to  the  Path  which  you 

directed  us  to  pursue,  niul  wl\icli  we  doubt  not  will  lend  us  to  tiie  full  enjoyment  of  our  Wishes. 
Ill  our  way  llomewiml,  iigrtenble  to  your  dcttiro,  we  waited  upon  Coi  Johnson,  wiio  reudiiy  drew  up 
for  us  Im  address  to  tlic  Veneralilu  Society.  A  Copy  of  this  address  we  sent  immediately,  and  hope 
it  lias  been  received  previously  to  the  Anniversary  Session.  Soon  after  tlie  flrst  we  sent  a  Second 
Copy  in  case  the  former  should  miscarry  ;  and  us  we  thought  it  proper  to  acquaint  the  Ueverend 
Clergy  of  New  York  with  our  Intention  ive  enclosed  it  to  them  unsealed,  requesting  that  after  they 
had  perused  it  they  would  be  so  kind  as  to  seal  and  forward  it  by  the  first  opportunity,  at  the  same 
Time  soliciting  their  Friendsliip.    Wlien  several  weeks  had  passed  without  heariiirr  from  them, 

'>y  wliom  tli«>y  had  sent  the  addresses,  to  us,  itai  ."r '%  ;'b8  a 
lo  this  D'  Auclimuty  inlbrm'd  us  that  "nootfcvt  tj/iioHuuity 
•t."  The  reason  of  this  Evident  Contempt  of .  -  latter  mt„  of 
'nless  it  may  be  collected  out  of  a  Letter  wiiich  Ave  rcte'ved 
ited  at  New  York  in  which  he  says  "  I  reallj  am  somewhat 
afraid  the  Society's  Salary  will  noi  ue  continued  at  Schenectady.  And  it  is  the  opinion  of  Doc' 
Auchmuty  and  M'  Inglis  that  it  will  not.  They  think  it  perversion  of  that  Bounty  which  ought  to 
be  extended  to  much  larger  Bodies  of  People  who  are  without  divine  worship  in  several  parts  of  this 
and  tlio  Neighbouring  Provinces."  If  such  are  the  Sentiments  of  those  Reverend  Gentlemen  we 
cannot  help  thinking  that  eitlier  they  have  a  very  imperfect  knowledge  of  the  State  of  our  Church  j 
or  if  otherwise,  some  very  unaccoimtable  prejudice  against  us. 

As  we  labour  under  many  disadvantages  for  want  of  a  charter,  we  embraced  the  happy  opportunity 
of  addressing  His  Excellency  the  Governor  on  that  subject  by  S''  John  who  generously  promised 
us  his  benevolent  offices,  and  at  whose  return  we  are  in  no  Doubt  of  receiving  a  very  favourable 
answer.  We  beg  your  Indulgence  in  thus  detaining  you  as  we  are  prompted  to  it  by  a  sense  of  the 
Duty  which  we  owe  you,  and  wliicli  shall  ever  be  acknowledged  by 
Honourable  and  greatly  respected  Sir 

Your  much  obliged  and  very  humble  Servants 

J.  W.  Brown. 
Schenectady  March  21«»  1774.  Robt.  Clench.  » 


I 


SIR  WM.  JOHNSON  TO  CHURCHiyARDENS  OP  SCHENECTADY. 

Johnson-hall  April  !•»  1774. 
Gentlemen,  I  received  your  Letter  and  am  sorry  to  hear  that  you  have  any  Apprehensions  of 
the  dislike  of  the  Society  or  Clergy  as  tending  to  withdraw  the  Mission,  but  I  am  inclined  to 
believe  that  You  are  alarmed  without  sufficient  cause,  for,  whatever  misrepresentations  M'  Andrews 
or  any  other  person  may  have  been  Guilty  of.  It  is  improbable  that  the  Society  would  withhold 
their  Assistance  without  a  particular  enquiry  into  the  state  of  the  Congregation,  and  as  I  believe  that 

1  Robert  Clench  was  married  to  Hannah  Vornon  at  Laycock,  Lancaster  Co.  Penn.  on  the  5th  May  1758,  by  the  revd  Geo. 
Craig,  opiscopal  Minister.  lie  had  tlircc  sons,  Ralph,  Benjamin  and  Tliomas,  and  three  daughters,  Rebecca,  Elizabeth  and 
Eiiretta.  He  was  a  zealous  friend  of  St.  George's  Cliiircli,  and  was  the  flrst  to  cause  Stoves  to  be  introduced  into  that  edifice, 
an  iimovation  which  disturbed  tlie  minds  of  many  wlio  did  not  approve  cf  such  novelties.  Mr.  Clench  took  the  oath  of  allegiance 
to  the  United  States  on  the  25th  July  1778,  k  died  in  the  latter  part  of  1781.  His  will  bears  date  10  Sept.  and  it  was  proved 
on  21st  Dec.  of  that  year.  His  wife  survived  him  seven  years.  She  was  buried  in  St.  fieorge's  eemetery  Dec.  2,  1788. 
Lttttr  qf  Rev.  Wm.  Payne,  rector  of  St.  George'*. 


4   ; 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


lA^m    12.5 
L£    12.0 


m 


I 


^  irM'6 

nil           11111= 

< 

6"     

► 

^ 


y 


/: 


W 


-8^^  :>  .^'^# 


c?;^ 


^'^y 


Photographic 

Sdences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)  B73-4S03 


^^>^ 


Tl,^ 


8ia 


BAFERS   RSLATINO  TO  ttU,  BIX  HAIIfQUa. 


the  Mission  was  prineipaUy  established  thio'  my  recommendation  tbeceof  to  the  Society^  I  shoukl 
naturoBy  Conclude  that  they  would  commutucate  tlieir  thoughts  to  me  before  they  determined  on 
Witlidrawlng  it^  from  all  which  considerations  I  should  tliink,  you  have  not  much  to  apprehend  on 
that  head,  should  it  prove  otherwise  I  shall  willingly  assist  in  reoommeoding  your  Church  to  the 
&rtlier  attention  of  the  socie^,  as  I  am  always  its  hearty  wellwisher  and  your  very  humble  Servt. 


To  Mess'*  Clench  &  Brown  Schenectady. 


^  i  •■i^}^^-W*A,''Hr -fc^'^f'^.)  r 


REm  H.  MOSLET  Ta  SIS  WM.  JOHNSON. 


■     ^Z'^-,  ■■'^■:'    ':'S^-! 


Sir  William  I  am  at  a  loss  to  express  my  Gratitude  to  Tou ;  for  Tour  unbounded  Goodness  to 
me  dui-ing  My  Residence  at  Johnstown  and  particularly  at  my  Departure — I  shall  allways  retain  a 
most  grateful!  sense  of  Your  Generosity :  And  that  it  may  please  God  long  to  prolong  your  Life,  and 
possess  you  with  a  good  state  of  Health  will  be  the  Constant  prayers  &.  wishes  of  One  who  has  the 
Honor  of  subscribing  Himself  (Sir  William)  ,     .        . 

Your  much  obliged  &  very  Humble  Ser* 

R.  MOSLBY. 

P.  8w    Please  to  present  my  beat  Respects  to  D'  Dease,  and  Comp^  to  M'  Daily  &o—         I 
New-York  Ap' y«  ll**  74  -y-     •      ,  • 


■  *■■»,,►     I 


•»      < 


tA 


^;.--.,-'i.  •> 


f.'fi   .-,;  tr!  ;    .•;*  .1  V   .'>J.  ■>' 


r''-t«':'**!S'>,##A-  -mAy  '•,:■•* ,#flf;qr#f^*»'  mMm-' 


;'*><•■ 


f-  >,■''■       ■  ' 


(•ftl       ■         !■    .'',   )»' 


•;':  "MUf'X?'-' 


MEMOIR  OF  THE  REV.  JOHN  STUART,  D.  D. 

THE  LAST   MISSIONARY    TO  THE   MOHAWKS. 


'i '  -  r,  }    J  f 


U  tiCS'Hi'.'  'W  1 


The  conversion  and  civilization  of  the  American  Indians  engaged  the  attention  of  Europeans  at 
an  early  date.  The  christianizing  of  the  Iroquois  especially  became  the  object  of  the  Jesuits  of 
Canada  as  far  back  as  1612,  and  a  few  years  afterwards  Father  Jogues  laid  down  his  life  on  the 
Mohawk  river,  for  tlie  Gospel.  The  Dutcli  who  fii-st  colonised  these  parts,  did  not  give  the  subject 
much  consideration.  The  clergy  at  the  Mauhatans  succeeded  in  teaching  one  young  savage  the 
prayers  so  that  he  could  repeat  the  responses  in  chm-ch,  and  also  to  read  and  write  well.  He  was 
then  furnished  with  a  Bible  and  was  sent  to  evangelize  the  heathen.  But  he  pawned  the  book  for 
brandy,  became  a  thorough  beast  and  did  more  harm  than  good.' 

Tiie  government  of  New  York  did  not  make  any  effort  to  christianize  the  Five  Nations  further 
than  to  pay,  for  some  time,  a  small  salary  to  the  clergyman  at  Albany  to  attend  to  the  wants  of  such 
Indians  as  might  apply  to  him.  The  Rev.  M'  Freeman  of  that  city  translated  morning  and  evening 
prayers,  the  litany,  the  Athanasian  Creed,  with  some  passages  of  the  old  and  New  Testament  into  the 
Indian  tongue,  but  those  professing  to  be  christians  in  1710,  are  represented  as  "  so  ignorant  and 
scandalous  that  they  can  scarce  be  reputed  Christians."*  In  1712,  Mr.  Andrews  was  sent  as  a 
Missionary  to  the  Mohawks  by  tlie  Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel,  and  a  church  was  built  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Scohary  creek,  but  this  Missionary  soon  abandoned  the  place,  and  as  he  was  the 
first,  so  was  he  the  last,  that  resided  among  them  for  a  great  many  years,  the  Society  afterwards 
contenting  themselves  with  imitating  the  policy  of  the  government  and  allowing  a  small  stipend 
to  their  clergyman  at  Albany  to  act  as  a  missionary-  to  the  Mohawks.  In  which  capacity  he  did 
them  but  very  little  good. 

In  1748,  the  people  of  New  England  turned  their  attention  to  this  field  of  labor,  and  the  Rev*" 
Mess™  Spencer,  Woodbridge,  and  Hawley  visited  successively  the  tribes  on  the  Mohawk  and 
Susquehannah  rivers.  *  The  commencement  of  the  French  war,  soon  afterwards,  interrupted  all 
missionary  efforts  west  of  Albany,  which  were  not  renewed  until  1761,  when  the  Re v*  Dr.  Wheelock 
directed  his  attention  to  that  quarter,  and  endeavoured  by  introducing  Indians,  as  missionaries  and 
schoolmasters,  to  reclaim  the  Natives  from  their  savage  life.  He  gives  the  result  of  his  efforts 
and  experience,  in  these  words: 

"Among  tbose  whom  I  have  educated,  there  have  been  near  forty  who  were  good  readers  and  writers,  and  were  instructed 
in  the  principles  of  the  Christian  religion,  as  their  age,  and  time,  would  admit,  and  were  sufficiently  masters  of  English 
grammar,  arithmetic,  and  a  number  considerably  advanced  in  a  knowledge  of  Greek  and  Latin,  and  one  of  them  carried 
through  college,  and  was  a  goodscholar,andotherscarried  through  a  course  of  learning  with  not  less  expence  for  each  of  them, 
than  would  have  been  necessary  to  have  supported  an  English  youth  through  a  course  of  collegiate  studies,  and  they  have 
generally  behaved  well  while  they  were  with  me,  and  left  my  school  with  fair  and  unblemished  characters,  and  under  the 
influence  of  every  motive  I  could  set  before  them,  to  a  good  improvement  of  the  distinguishing  talents  which  God  had  com- 
mitted  to  them,  and  many  of  them  have  gone  immediately  from  my  school  into  good,  and  reputable  business,  and  such 
business  as  they  were  equal  to,  and  generally  to  serve  as  schoolmasters,  but  some  as  interpreters,  &c.  and  nothing  hat 


1  O'Call.  N.  Netherland  ii.,  819. 
Vol.  IV. 


2  N.  T.  Doct.  Hist.  lil. 
40 


8  N.  Y.  Doc.  Hist.  HI. 


914 


MFJWOIR   or  THC  RET.   JOHN   STUART,   D.  D. 


prevented  their  being  Imploycd  nsoflilly,  and  ropntably  in  rarloni  capacities  till  this  day,  bnt  their  want  of  fortitude  to  resM 

tlie  power  of  those  fashionable  vices  which  were  rampant  among  all  their  tribes Of  all  the  number  before  mentioned, 

I  dont  hear  of  more  than  half  who  have  preserved  their  character!  unitain'd,  either  by  a  coarse  of  intcniperince  or 
nndeanness,  or  both ;  and  some  who  on  account  of  their  parts,  and  learning,  bid  the  fliirest  for  usefulneu,  are  sunk  down 
into  as  low,  savage,  and  brutish  a  manner  of  living  as  they  were  in  before  any  endeavours  were  used  with  them  to  raise 
them  np:  and  thore  are  some  of  whom  I  did,  and  do  still  entertain  hope  that  they  were  really  the  subjects  of  God's  grace, 
who  have  not  wholly  kept  their  garments  unspotted  amongst  the  pots.    And  six  of  those  who  did  preserve  a  good  character, 


•re  now  dead.") 


H  *' 


J?) 


The  necessity  of  having  missionaries  of  the  chnrch  of  England  resident  among  the  Mohawks  was 
again  brought  before  the  Society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gospel  a  few  years  before  tlie  Revolution, 
both  by  Sir  Wm  Johnson  and  the  Rev.  M'  Inglis  of  New-York,  the  last  of  whom  also  laid  the 
subject  before  the  government  in  England  in  the  form  of  a  Memorial.  In  the  year  1770,  the  Society 
again  consented  to  ordain  a  Missionary  for  the  exclusive  service  of  the  Mohawks. 

John  Stuart,  who  was  selected  for  this  purpose,  was  born  at  Harrisbnrg  in  Pennsylvania  in  1740. 
The  family  mansion  in  which  he  first  saw  the  light  was  yet  standing  in  1836.  His  father,  Andrew 
Stuart,  came  to  America  from  the  town  ofOmagh  in  Ireland,  about  the  year  1730;  besides  the 
subject  of  this  memoir  he  had  three  sons,  James,  Andrew  &  Cliarles.  The  first  died  young  ;  the 
others — ^Andrew  and  Charles — died  some  years  ago,  both  at  an  advanced  age,  in  the  Western  part 
of  Pennsylvania,  having  been  in  the  worst  of  times,  staunch  supporters  of  the  cause  of  American 
liberty.  They  were  all  men  of  great  physical  strength*.  At  an  early  age  John  Stuart  evinced  u 
disposition  for  serious  studies,  and  when  he  graduated  at  the  College  of  Philadelphia  he  had  made  up 
his  mind  to  join  tlie  communion  of  the  Church  of  England..  This  determination  exposed  him  to 
much  difficulty,  for  his  father  was  a  rigid  Presbyterian,  and  expected  his  children  to  conform  to  his 
religious  opinions ' .  M'  Stuart's  patience  at  last  overcame  his  father's  prejudices,  and  he  was  allowed 
to  proceed  to  England,  being  recommended  by  the  Clei^y  of  Pennsylvania  for  ordination*.  He 
received  holy  orders  in  the  year  1770,  and  was  appointed  Missionary  to  the  Mohawks  at  Fort 
Hunter.  He  arrived  at  the  scene  of  his  futiu-e  labors  and  preached  his  first  sermon  at  Canajoliarie, 
on  Christmas  day  of  the  same  year.  His  routine  now  was,  to  preach  every  Sunday ;  first  to  the 
Indians,  after  service  had  been  performed  in  tlieir  own  language.  Divine  service  was,  next,  read 
in  English  to  a  congregation  of  200  persons  and  upwards.  In  tlie  afternoon,  he  ofiiciated  in  the 
Moliawk  Chapel,  to  the  white  people,  most  of  whom  were  Dutcli,  and  wlio  liad  no  stated  place  of 
worship*.  In  1774,  he  was  able  to  read  the  Liturgy  and  the  several  offices  of  baptism,  marriage  &c 
to  his  flock,  and  converse  tolerably  well  with  tliem,  on  common  subjects  in  their  own  language,  but 
he  found  great  difficulty  to  convey  to  tliem  any  distinct  ideas  on  divine  subjects,  for  want  of  a 
constant  interpreter,  from  which  cause,  also,  he  could  but  seldom  preach  to  them.  To  supply  tliese 
and  other  deficiencies,  he  undertook  a  translation  of  a  part  of  the  New  Testament,  and,  with  tlie 
assistance  it  is  said  of  Brant,  prepared  a  Mohawk  translation  of  St.  Mark's  gospel,  a  large  and  plain 
Exposition  of  the  Church  Catechism,  and  a  Compendious  F'  '-^ry  of  the  Bible*. >  In  addition  to  liis 
regular  duties,  he  officiated  once  a  fortnight  at  Johnstown  ut  any  remuneration.    Service  wiis 

read  to  the  Mohawks  at  Canajoharie  by  Paulus  Sahonwadi,  uie  Indian  Schoolmaster.  Some  idea 
of  the  difficulties  attendant  on  conveying  elementary  instruction  to  the  Indians  in  those  days  may  he 
formed  from  the  circumstiince  that  the  teacher  had  no  elementary  books.  Paulus  &  the  otlier 
Mohawk  teachers  taught  the  Alpliahet  &c  by  means  only  of  little  manuscript  scraps  of  paper.  It  whs 
not  until  sevenil  years  after,  that  Col.  Claus  composed  a  short  primer  for  them.' 


1  Wheeloclc's  Narr.  for  1771, 
4  Soc'ty's  Abstract,  1771. 
7  Abstract  for  1782.  i).  »S. 


p.  19.  2  Geo.  Okill  Stuart's  letter. 

6  Abstract.  1772. 


8  London  Colonial  Chnrch  Chronicle,  No.  11. 
6  Abstract,  1776. 


NEMOIll  or  rHB   KEV.  JOHN  BTUAHT,  D.  O. 


811 


In  the  year  1775  commenced  the  upheaving  of  those  elements  which  in  a  short  time  terminated  is 
the  birth  of  tliis  Republic.  The  agitation  which  followed  rent  society  in  pieces,  and  many  who 
had  I)eeu  previously  neighbours  and  friends,  now  found  themselves  enemies,  and  opposed  to  each 
other  iu  the  deadliest  hostility.  Suspicion  stalked  abroad  and  those  who,  from  whatever  motive^ 
shrank  from  approving  the  new  order  of  things  were  denounced  and  arrested,  if  they  had  not  already 
abandoned  their  homes.  No  class  was  so  uncompromising  in  its  loyalty  as  the  clergy  of  the  Church 
uf  England  in  this  State,  and  they  in  consequence,  did  not  fail  to  experience  the  bitter  effects  of 
their  own  unwise  resolution. 

Mr.  Stuart  however  did  not  experience  any  inconvenience  at  first;  indeed  he  remained 
undisturbed  at  Fort  Hunter,  for  some  time  even  after  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  and 
constantly  performed  divine  service  without  omitting  the  prayers  tor  the  king,  as  prescribed 
in  the  Liturgy.  In  the  Spring  of  1777,  Qen\  Herkimer  received  intelligence  tliat  some  persons 
l)e]onging  to  Tryon  County  intended  to  Join  the  enemy  at  Niagara ;  he  ordered  a  watch  on  the  high 
road,  which  prevented  tlteir  passage,  and  on  Iteing  fired  at,  they  retreated  and  lost  their  bundles. 
Oa  the  next  day,  two  packs  of  letters  were  picked  up  by  a  squaw  not  far  f^om  the  road.  One  of 
these  letters,  though  not  subscribed,  was  supposed  almost  for  certain,  to  be  the  hand  writing  of 
Rev**  W  Stuart,  Minister  of  the  Mohawk  Castle,  and  the  whole  were  forwarded  to  the  Provincial 
Congress.  On  examination,  however,  the  papers  were  found  to  be  of  such  little  importance  that 
they  were  returned  to  the  committee  of  Tryon  County.  M«"  Stuart's  continued  residence  at  Fort 
Hunter  now  became  dangerous  alike  to  himself  and  his  family.  St.  L^er  had  raised  the  siege  of 
Fort  Schuyler  ;  Burgoyne  had  surrendered ;  the  Indians,  who  had  liitherto  protected  their  Minister, 
had  abandoned  their  homes,  &  with  Brant  were  laying  waste  the  country  between  the  Susquehanna 
and  tlie  Mohawk  rivers.  Mr.  Stuart's  connexion  with  the  Johnson  family  and  his  relations  to  the 
Indians  rendered  him  particularly  obnoxious  to  the  Whigs.  His  liouse  was  attacked,  his  property 
plundered  and  every  indignity  offered  his  person.  His  church  was  also  plundered,  then  turned 
into  a  tavern  and  in  ridicule  and  contempt  a  barrel  of  rum  was  placed  on  the  reading  desk.  It 
was  afterwards  used  as  a  stable,  and  finally  served  as  a  fort.  ■  He  became  thus  necessitated  to 
remove,  and  in  June  1778,  the  Board  appointed  for  detecting  Conspiracies  were  advised  of  his 
residence  in  Schenectady. 

It  was  represented  to  them  that "  Mr.  Stuart  would  have  it  in  his  power  to  convey  Intelligence 
from  that  Place  to  the  Indians,  and  as  he  had  always  been  a  declared  Enemy  to  the  Liberties  of 
America,  it  would  be  necessary  to  Order  him  down  the  Country."  This  information  was  received  on 
the  ll^^  June  and  on  the  2b**>  W  Stuart  was  ordered  to  <<  repair  with  his  family  forthwith  to  the 
State  of  Connecticut  until  his  exchange  could  be  procured,  and  that  he  sett  off  in  four  Days 
after  this  Resolution  is  delivered  to  him,  and  on  his  failure  to  comply  herewith  it  is  ordered  that 
he  be  put  into  close  confinement." 

Mr.  Stuart  appeared  before  the  Commissioners  two  days  after  the  above  order,  and  "declared  his 
readiness  to  convince  them  that  he  had  not  corresponded  with  the  enemy,  and  that  he  was  ready 
and  willing  to  enter  into  any  engagement  for  the  laithful  performance  of  such  matters  as  might  be 
enjoyned  him."  It  was  therefore  resolved  that  he  "enter  into  Parole  not  to  do  or  say  any  Thing 
in  opposition  to  the  Measures  pursued  by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America,  or  by  the 
Legislative  orte?cecutive  Powers  of  either  of  the  said  States,  and  that  he  shall  and  will  not  hold  any 
correspondence  by  word  or  Deed  upon  Politikal  Matters  with  any  of  the  enemies  of  the  said 

1  Abstract  for  1782,  ut  ante.    Journal  of  the  N.  T.  Prov.  Cong.  i.  883;  ii.  416,  416 


m 


HKMOIR  or  THC  RCV.   JOHN   STOAIIT,   O.  O. 


United  States  of  America  or  either  of  them,  and  not  to  depart  the  Limits  of  the  Town  uf  Schenec- 
tady without  Permission  from  one  of  the  Members  of  this  Board." ' 

He  returned  accordingly  to  his  assigned  residence  whence  )ie  writes  on  the  28t>>  Sept.  foilowing. 
"  My  situation  is  ratlier  disagreable,  being  deserted  by  almost  all  my  Congregation.  There 
remains  only  three  families,  the  others  having,  at  different  times.  Joined  the  Kings  Forces.  I  have 
not  preached  within  these  last  two  years"*  The  winter  of  1778,  was  thus  passed  in  Schenectady, 
and  as  the  country  to  the  west  was  al)out  to  become  the  theatre  of  war,  M'  Stuart  ventured  to  move 
to  Albany  in  the  early  part  of  the  summer  of  1779.  But  he  was  ordered  back  on  the  24^^  June  to 
his  old  quarters.' 

In  the  spring  of  1780,  the  Indians  again  made  their  appearance  on  the  Mohawk  river,  inAuiated 
rather  than  humbled  by  the  punishment  which  Gen.  Sullivan  had  inflicted  on  them  in  the  course 
of  the  preceding  summer.  Tlie  situation  of  affairs  in  the  neighborhood  of  Schenectady  obliged 
M'  Stuart  early  in  June  once  more  to  abandon  his  honse  and  take  sanctuary  in  Albany.  So 
Imminent  was  the  danger  that  the  guns  of  the  enemy  were  heard  for  several  hours  previous  to  his 
retirement,  and  he  adds,  "  we  could  see  several  houses  in  flames  from  our  windows."*  '   "• 

During  this  sojourn  he  experienced  much  civility  from  Genl  Schuyler  and  obtained  permission 
to  visit  Philadelphia.  Happening  to  pass  whilst  in  that  city  through  one  of  its  thorouglifares,  his 
progress  was  arrested  by  a  crowd  which  a  young  man  was  haranguing,  at  the  moment,  on  the 
course  of  public  events.  Hearing  a  remark  from  a  bystander  flattering  to  the  personal  appearance 
of  the  orator,  M''  Stuart  unguardedly  made  a  caustic  though  humorous  remark  on  the  same  subject, 
and  then  proceeded  to  his  Lodgings.  The  observation  circulating  through  the  crowd,  aroused 
considerable  indignation  and  the  meeting  adjourned  for  the  purpose  of  inflicting  personal  chastise- 
ment on  the  person  who  had  been  so  bold  as  to  utter  it.  M*  Stuart  received  timely  notice  from  a 
friend  of  these  hostile  intentions,  but  nothing  could  prevail  on  him  to  retreat  before  the  impending 
danger.  He  resolved  to  face  it,  not  to  fly  from  it.  Fortunately,  the  Rev.  M'  Wliite  and  others 
interfered,  and  the  indignation  o^  the  people  was  appeased. <  >    •.    > - 

On  his  return  to  the  North,  he  found  matters  in  nowise  improved,  and  thereupon  made  up 
his  mind  to  emigrate  to  Canada,    He  <x>mmunicated  his  resolution  to  M'  White  in  these  words  : — 

"  I  •rrlved  here  safe  in  elgbt  days  from  the  timi*  I  parted  with  you,  and  found  my  Tamily  well,  and  after  being  sufficiently 
affrighted,  the  enemy  having  been  within  twenty  miles  of  this  place,  had  within  one  mile  of  my  hoase  in  the  country  without 
doing  me  any  damage.  The  particulars  you  have  heard  I  suppose, — they  retreated  with  the  loss  of  about  30  taken,  &  few  or 
ro'iu  killed.  ••*•  Considering  the  present  situation  of  affairs  in  this  part  of  the  Province,  I  am  fully  persuaded,  that  I  cannot 
possibly  live  here  secure,  either  in  regard  to  ourselves  or  property  during  the  ensuing  season ; — this  place  is  likely  to  be  a 
frontier,  fc  will  probably  be  burnt  if  the  enemy  can  eiiect  it.  I  have  lost  a  considerable  part  of  my  stock  while  in  Philadel- 
phia, partly  by  public  and  partly  by  private  robbers.  For  these  and  other  weighty  reasons,  maturely  weighed,  I  have 
resolved  (with  the  approbation  k  consent  of  Mrs.  Stuart)  to  emigrate  to  Canada ;  and  have  made  application  for  an  exchange, 
which  I  have  reason  to  believe,  will  be  granted. "8 

In  conformity  with  this  view  lie  made  tlie  following  application  in  the  course  of  the  ensuing  spring 
to  Governor  Clinton  : — 


1  Minutes  of  Commrs.  for  Detecting  Conspiracies  (in  State  Lib.)  t,  69,  87,  88. 

2  Rer.  Mr.  Stuart  to  Bev.  Mr.  (afterwards  Bishop)  Wliite.  28  Sept  1778.  The  extract*  from  this  correipondence, 
inserted  in  this  Memoir,  have  been  obligingly  furnished  by  Gieo.  Okill  Stuart,  Esq.,  of  Quebec,  grandMO  of  the  Rer.  Mr. 
Stuart. 

8  Min.  of  Com.  of  Conap.  ii.  28  June  1779.  4  Letter  of  12  June  1780. 

6  Letterof  6.  0.  Stout,  Esq.  6  Letter  of  Nov.  18.  1780. 


HRMOtR  OF  TIIR   REV.   JOHN  IITUAHT,  D.  D. 


317 


"  Mat  it  pliasi  rora  Exoiuiiict— 

Having  beeu  m  prisoner  on  Parole  to  tlie  ComniiMloncrR  of  Conspiracy  for  these  two  Tears  past,  and  conflned  to  the  Town 
of  Sclienectady,  not  l)«!ng  aliowud  to  resldo  on  my  Furm — ray  Property  not  protected— TIigw,  with  other  Keasons,  induce 
me  to  wish  for  Permission  to  remove  to  Canada  with  my  Family  •.—I  have  therefore  presumed  to  apply  to  your  Excellency  for 
Permisiilon  to  be  exchanged  for  Some  Citizen  of  this  State  now  a  Prisoner  in  Canada,  and  that  I  may  he  allowed  to  go 
under  the  Protection  of  the  first  public  Flagg. — I  will  do  myself  the  Honor  to  wait  persoualiy  upon  your  Exceiiency  at  any 
Hour  that  may  be  convenient. — An  Answer  tVomyoiir  Excellency  will  much  oblige 

,  _       ■.>-.*  "  Your  most  obedient  fc  very  humble  servt 

"Albany  March  80th  1781.  "'      "     '  '  Johh  Stuart." 

The  permission  here  prayed  for  was  grunted  on  the  same  day.  ■  The  conditions  on  wliioh  it  was 
obtained  are  explained  by  M'  Stuart  in  a  letter  to  M'  WUte,  dated,  Sclienectady,  n"*  April,  1781, 
of  which  the  following  is  an  extract : —         ,>  -.{.--..j  -.•.»•'    .•-?■.?<.-  '•,  .. ,  <«.  i    v'-».a',vj;a',i  ■(" ',  .h>'>'«-. 

"  Being  considered  as  a  prisoner  of  war  and  having  forfeited  my  real  estate,  I  have  given  X400  security  to  return  in  exchange 
for  myself  one  prisoner  out  of  four  nominated  by  the  Governor,  viz  one  Colonel,  two  Captains,  and  one  Lieutenant,  either 
of  which  will  be  accepted  in  my  stead  Or  if  neither  of  the  prisoners  aforesaid  can  be  obtained  I  am  to  return  as  a  pris- 
oner of  war  to  Albany  when  required.  My  personal  property  I  um  permitted  to  sell  or  carry  with  mo  according  to  my  own 
convenience;  and  am  to  proceed  under  the  protection  of  a  public  flag  as  soon  as  it  will  be  safe  and  convenient  for  women 
and  childrcti  to  travel  that  course.  Ve  are  to  proceed  from  hence  to  Fort  Ann  in  waggons  and  from  thence  in  Batteaus. 
Believe  me,  Dear  Sir,  I  have  hud  occasion  to  exert  all  my  resolution  before  I  could  venture  on  the  difficulties  that  presented 
themselves  as  tbo  probable  concomitants  of  this  journey ;  But  trom  a  variety  of  circumstances,  peculiar  to  my  personal  and  local 
situation,  I  had  no  alternative;  tlierefore,  let  the  event  be  as  it  will,  I  shall  not  thinli  myself  accountable  for  conseqncnces;  the 
more  especially  as  Mrs.  Stuart  is  perfectly  reconciled  to  the  expediency  and  necessity  of  the  measure.  'Tis  probable  that,  if  I 
reach  Canada,  I  may  olitain  a  chaplaincy  in  Sir  John  Johnson's  2d  Battalion  of  Koyal  Yorkers  which  is  nearly  complete,  and 
on  the  establishment.  *  •  •  I  mean  to  leave  nothing  behind  me  here  that  may  impose  ony  necessity  upon  me  of 
returning  to  this  place  (provided,  sucli  a  thing  possible)  when  the  war  is  at  an  end.  I  can  dispose  of  all  my  efiects  either 
for  cash  or  good  bills  on  Canada,  my  negroes  being  personal  property  I  take  with  nie,  one  of  which  being  a  young  man  and 
capable  of  bearing  arms  I  have  given  £100  security,  to  send  back  a  white  prisoner  in  his  stcad."3 

Before  proceeding  farther  with  this  narrative  it  is  necessary  to  notice,  for  the  purpose  of  correct- 
ing, some  errors  into  which  the  Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  has  fallen  in  its  account  of  the 
circumstances  attendant  on  M'  Stuart's  emigration.  "■ 

"  At  length  in  May  last  (it  says)  his  little  farm,  though  belonging  to  the  Society,  became  forfeited  to  the  State,  and 
was  taken  away  from  him.  As  a  last  resource,  he  then  proposed  to  open  a  Latin  School  for  the  support  of  his  family,  but  he 
was  not  permitted,  nor  to  follow  any  lucrative  occupation  whatever.  Upon  this  he  applied,  and  with  much  diflSculty 
obtained  leave  to  remove  into  Canada,  on  giving  a  bond  of  four  hundred  pounds  with  security,  either  to  send  a  Rebel  Colonel 
in  exchange,  or  to  return  to  Albany,  and  surrender  himself  a  prisoner  whenever  required. "s 

Now,  in  the  first  place,  the  "little  farm  belonging  to  the  Society" — or  in  other  words,  the 
Glebe  at  Fort  Hunter — never  became  forfeited.  There  Is  no  instance  of  the  State  having  confiscated 
church  lands,  because  the  occupants — who  were  mere  Trustees — happened  to  be  its  enemies.  All 
the  clergy  of  Trinity  church,  New  York,  adhered  to  the  crown,  and  even  one  of  them  was  attainted. 
Yet  Trinity  church  still  holds  its  vast  property.  The  chapel  farm  at  Fort  Hunter  was  disposed 
of  only  some  years  ago,  and  part  of  the  proceeds,  nearly  fifteen  hundred  dollars  were  laid  out  in 
erecting  the  Episcopal  church  at  Port  Jackson  in  the  same  town  ;  and  the  residue,  an  equal  sum, 
invested  in  the  Episcopal  church  at  Johnstown.* 

In  the  second  place,  *;iere  is  no  evidence,  as  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  investigate,  of  M' 

1  For  these  Doc's,  see  N:  T:  Col.  MSS.  Vol.  CTl. 

3  Sims'  Hist,  of  Schoharie,  1B5,  says,  Mr.  Stuart  sold  one  of  these  negroes  in  Montreal  for  $275  to  one  Conyn  who  brougbt 
bira  back  to  the  Mohawk  Valley. 


8  Abstract  for  1782,  pp.  45,  46. 


4  Sims'  Hist,  of  Schoharie  county,  135 


MCMom  or  THB  SEV.   JOHN   BTCAftT,   D.  D. 


Staart  having  applied  to  the  Ck>nimis8ioners  for  permission  to  open  school.  A  careAil  examination 
of  their  minutes  does  not  shew  any  such  application.  Indeed  under  the  circumstances  of  the 
times,  it  is  doubtful  whether  a  Latin  school  could  have  been  supported  at  Schenectady.  But  his 
application  is  represented  as  having  been  subsequent  to  the  confiscation  of  the  glebe,  and  titis  is 
stated  to  have  taken  place  in  May,  1781.  ''As  a  last  resource  he  Men  proposed  to  open  a  Latin 
Scliool."  Now,  he  applied  for,  and  obtained  leave  to  emigrate  in  March,  1781 — and  we  liave 
seen  that  he  had  determined  to  emigrate  in  Nov.  1780.  How  then  can  it  be  stated  that  he  intended 
to  open  a  school  after  he  had  not  only  resolved  to  leave  the  country,  but  actually  had  in  his  posses- 
sion Gov.  Clinton's  permission  to  dep«irt  ? 

The  Society  finally  represents  that  this  permission  was  obtained  with  much  difficulty  only  on 
giving  a  bond  to  send  "  a  rebel  colonel"  in  exchange.  Now,  the  exchange  was  not  confined  to  an 
officer  of  this  grade.  M'  Stuart,  himself,  admits  that  he  bad  the  choice  of  four  officers,  fi-om  a 
Ck»lonel  to  a  Lieutenant  inclusive.  Truly,  we  cannot  well  see  how  Gov.  Clinton  could  have  gone 
lower  in  the  scale  of  exchanges  consistently  with  the  respect  due  to  tlie  ranlc  of  a  Minister  of 
Beligion. 

M'  Stuart  set  out  with  his  family,  then  consisting  of  his  wife  and  three  small  children,  on  liis  long 
and  tedious  voyage,  on  tlie  IQ"*  September  1781  and  arrived  at  St  Johns  on  the  91*'  of  tlie  following 
month — thus  accomplishing  in  three  weeks  a  Journey  which  is  now  peribrmed  in  twelve  or  fii'teen 
hours.  As  there  was  no  opening  for  him  to  exercise  the  duties  of  his  profession  at  Montreal,  he  took 
charge  of  a  public  school  which,  with  his  commission  as  cliapluin  to  tlie  Royul  Yorkers,  gave  liim 
both  employment  and  support.  In  a  letter  to  O*  Wliite  dated  Montreal  October  l-l'**  1783,  lieijives 
his  {NXMpects  in,  and  impressions  of,  his  new  home  :—  '  -^^f,    '»  ,  .  ,    .  „„v 

"  I  have  no  reaaon  hitherto  to  ditliko  my  change  of  climate,  bnt  as  a  reduction  must  take  place  soon,  my  emoluments  will 
he  much  diminished,  neither  have  I  any  fluttering  pro8]>ect  of  an  eligible  situation  in  the  way  of  my  prorussion  as  there  are 
'  (as  yet)  only  three  protestant  parishes  in  this  Province,  the  pastors  of  which  are  Frenchmen,  and  as  likely  to  live  as  I  am. 
We  promise  ourselves  a  change  of  the  present  fbrm  of  government  but  that  is  a  contingency  and  may  be  further  distant  than 
our  expectation  **.  This  season  has  been  uncommonly  rainy  and  we  have  had  frost  in  July  and  could.sit  very  comfortably  at  a 
good  Are  early  in  August  or  even  some  times  in  June.  This  you  will  think  pretty  cold; — But  as  people  of  our  description  are 
•nppoMd  to  have  some  warm  particles  in  our  composition  wa  must  let  the  heat  and  the  cold  combat  and  balance  each  other 
However  the  climate  and  the  soil  are  extremely  fertile  affording  the  necessaries  of  life  in  great  abundance." 

M'  Stuart  now  set  about  establishing  himself  permanently  in  Canada.  He  selected  the  antient 
Settlement  of  Cataraqui  distant  60  leagues  from  Montreal,  whither  many  of  the  refugees  had  already 
preceded  him,  and  which  possessed  a  garrison  tiie  chaplaincy  of  which  he  expected  with  a  salary 
of  one  thousand  dollars  a  year.  "  I  can  preserve  the  Indian  Mission  in  its  neighbourhood  (he  con- 
tinues) which  with  other  advantages  will  afford  a  comfortable  subsistance — altho'  I  wish  it  laid  in 
Maryland."' 

The  position  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church  in  these  States,  unconnected  with  the  parent 
country  and  any  resident  Bishop  by  whom  Holy  orders  could  be  conferred,  and  the  succession  of  the 
clei^y  kept  up,  had  now  for  some  time  engaged  the  attention  of  the  leading  members  of  that 
denomination.  To  obviate  the  difficulty  under  which  they  lalx)red,  the  Rev"  M»  White  came  out 
with  a  pamphlet  entitled,  ^^ITieCaae  of  the  Episcopal  Ckurches  co7m(fere(f,"  in  which  he  proposed 
among  other  things,  a  temporary  organization  conferring  on  a  Convention  composed  of  representa- 
tives, to  l)e  elected  ttom  tlie  Vestry  or  congregation  of  the  several  churches  within  a  given  district, 
the  power  to  choose  a  permanent  president,  with  other  clergymen  to  be  appointed  by  the  body  who 

1  Letter  to  Bishop  White,  1  Feb.  1784. 


MEMOUI  or  TIIK  MV.  JOHW  itvaut,  d.  d. 


819 


miglit  confer  Holy  orders  and  enforce  disdplin*  In  the  church.  ■  A  eopj  of  thhi  pamphlet  wm  wnt 
by  the  author  to  M'  Stuart,  who  admitted  that  It  opened  «  new  field  of  thought,  and  added — '•  Not- 
withstanding I  am  stUI  clogged  with  all  my  old  prejudices  in  regard  to  the  Divine  right  and  nnin- 
terrnpted  succession  of  Episcopacy  ;  yet  I  must  confess  that  yen  have  said  more  and  with  greater 
plausibility  than  the  subject,  at  first  view  seemed  to  promise.  I  admire  and  reverence  that  spirit  of 
moderation  and  candour  that  breathes  through  the  whole  perfi>rmanee,  and  at  the  same  time  lanent 
the  period  [is]  so  unfortunate  as  to  require  the  exertion  of  such  talents  in  sucli  a  cause.  I  hope  the 
present  complexion  of  the  times  will  free  you  from  having  recourse  to  such  an  expeiUent  which  I 
am  confident  nothing  but  necessity  can  have  forced  you  to  adopt."* 

The  subsequent  acknowledgment,  by  England,  of  the  Independence  of  this  country  having 
obviated  all  existing  difficulties  in  the  case,  Mr.  Stuart's  friends  entertained  the  liope  of  winning 
him  back  to  labor  among  them,  and  Dr.  Griffith,  bishop  elect  of  Virginia,  invited  him  to  settle  in  his 
diocese.  But  notwithstanding  the  dulcedo  natalis  toiit,  Mr.  S.  declined  tlie  proposal.  Writing 
In  1785,  he  says : — 

"  I  muit  ollow  that  if  you  adhere  to  your  Bill  of  RIghti,  and  ettabllih  churchgovarnment  on  the  plan,  and  according  to  the 
iplrit  of  the  outllnei  you  have  drawn,  it  will  certainly  deaerre  the  name  of  a  Ji^formation.  •••••!  mart  here 
acknowledge  the  aente  I  have  of  Mr.  Grifllh's  fl-iendly  remembrance  of  me,  altho'  I  despair  of  being  able  to  accept  of  hia 
kind  proposal.  The  time  hai  been  when  the  chaooe  of  obtaining  a  settlement  in  that  part  of  Virginia  won'd  have  gratified 
my  utmost  ambition.  But,  at  my  time  of  life,  and  with  such  riveted  prejudices  in  favor  of  a  government  totally  differtnlft'oni 
that  of  the  United  States,  I  am  resolved  not  to  look  back,  having  once  put  my  hand  to  the  plow."s 

Though  Mr.  Stuart  did  visit  Philadelphia  again  in  1786  or  7,  he  never  seems  to  have  repented 
his  removal  to  Canada.  Tet  the  isolation  in  wliich  he  found  himself  would  sometimes  naturally 
call  up  memories  that  could  not  fail  to  be  painful. 

"  I  can  scarcely  refhtln  <Vom  dropping  a  tear  to  the  memory  of  my  old  fVicndR  who  are  almost  universally  gone  Into  banish- 
ment  and  may  bo  considered  as  dead  to  their  country  and  their  friends  !  I  am  the  only  reftigee  clergyman  In  this  Province. 
Bcardsluy,  the  Sayres,  and,  I  believe.  Dr.  Soabury  are  \a  Kova  Scotia  but  I  have  as  yet  no  correapondonco  with  them,  the 
distance  not  being  less  tluin  400  miles." 

As  a  relief  from  such  titoughts  as  these  he  turned  to  tlie  active  duties  of  his  calling.  "  I  shall 
not,  (said  he)  regret  tlie  disappointment  and  chagrin  I  have  hitherto  met  with,  if  it  pleases  God  to 
make  me  the  instrument  of  spreading  the  knowledge  of  his  Gospel  amongst  the  heathen  and 
reclaiming  only  one  lost  sheep  of  the  House  of  Israel." 

In  this  spirit  he  set  out  on  the  2<>  June  1784  to  vis;,  .^q  new  settlements  on  the  S>  Lawrence, 
Lake  Ontario  and  Niagara  falls  where  lie  arrived  on  the  (8>>>of  the  same  month.  Already  3,500 
loyalists  had  left  Montreal  that  season  for  Upper  Canada.  He  found  the  lands  in  general,  good  ; 
a  range  of  settlements  had  been  formed  from  the  Canadian  boundaries  to  Oswegatchy.  His 
reception  by  the  Moliawks,  who  were  settled  about  ninety  miles  from  the  falls,  was  very  afiectionate. 
Even  tlie  windows  of  the  ohurdi  in  which  he  officiated  were  crowded  with  those  who  were  anxious 
to  behold  again  their  old  pastor  from  whom  they  had  been  so  long  separated.  He  officiated  also  at 
Cadaraqui  where  he  found  a  garrison  of  three  companies,  about  thirty  good  houses  and  some  1500 
souls  who  intended  to  settle  higher  up  the  lake.  He  next  proceeded  to  the  bay  of  Kente,  where 
some  more  Mohawks  had  settled,  who  were  busy  building  houses  and  laying  the  foundations  of  tlieir 
new  village  *<  named  Tyonderoga."* 

1  Wilson's  Life  of  Bp.  White;  also  White's  Memoirs  of  the  P.  E.  Church  fVirnish  fiiU  Information  relative  to  this  pamphlet. 

2  Letter  of  17  March,  1784.  8  Letter  of  17th  June,  1785. 
4  Abstract  of  1785;  Letters  of  Aug.  8, 1784  and  June  27, 1786. 


Mi  MEMOIft  or  THE  >tV.  JOHN  tTVABTi  O.  O. 

Though  M'  Stuart  had  «ow  nc«lvfld  from  the  Society,  whoie  mluionary  he  continued  to  be, 
discretionary  power  to  settle  in  any  part  of  Canada,  he  remained  another  year  in  Montreal,  ai 
aMiatant  to  the  Rev.  M'  DelUle,  eplaoopal  clergyman  of  that  town.  He  finally  removed  in  August 
1785.  His  share  of  the  public  land  was  sitiute  partly  at  Cataraqul  and  partly  at  a  place  which,  in 
memory  of  tlie  dear  old  village  on  the  Mohawk  river,  was  called  JVew  Johnitmm.  In  a  letter 
written  soon  after  he  thus  describes  his  new  home  : — 

"  I  h»re  200  acres  witbin  half  a  mile  of  the  Rarrlion,  •  beautlftil  iltuatlon  and  tolerable  good  land.  The  town  Incrcami  (hut ) 
There  are  already  above  60  houiei  built  In  It  fc  lome  of  them  very  elegant;  It  li  now  the  Port  of  trannport,  (Vom  Canada  to 
Niagara,  having  a  good  harbor  to  contain  voeaela  of  Urge  burden— we  have  now  Just  at  the  door  a  ship  a  scow  and  a  sloop 
besides  a  number  of  small  crall.  And,  if  the  communication  lately  diM'overod  fVom  this  placn,  by  water,  to  Lake  Huron  li 
Miohllniaoklnac,  proves  as  safe  and  short,  as  wo  are  taught  to  brliuvn,  this  will  shortly  be  a  phice  of  consiUerublu  trade  li  con- 
sequently an  eligible  situation.  I  have  been  fortunate  In  my  lucations  of  land,  having  MUO  acrcn  at  diU'cri'nt  plnci's,  In 
good  situations,  k  of  an  excellent  quality,  three  farms  of  which  I  am  Improving  and  have  sowed  this  flill  thirty  bu«lK>is  In 
them.  The  Shore  is  occupied  by  loyalists  forty  miles  above  this  town  and  the  lands  appropriated  forty  miles  higher  up.  The 
number  of  souls  to  the  westward  of  us  Is  more  than  fiOOO  and  we  gain  dally  now  reurnlts  ft'oni  the  States,— we  are  poor,  happy 
people,  Industrious  beyond  example.  Our  gracious  King  gives  us  land  gratis  and  fUriiislies  provision  and  clothing,  furniing 
utensils  Itc.  until  next  September ;  alter  which,  the  generality  of  people  will  be  able  to  live  witiiout  his  bounty.  So  much  for 
onr  new  settlements.  The  greatest  Inconvenience  I  Aiel  here  is  there  being  no  school  for  my  boys,  but  wo  are  now  applying 
to  the  Legisiatnre  for  assistance  to  erect  an  Academy  fc  have  great  reason  to  expect  success;  If  I  succeed  in  this  I  shall  die 
hero  contented."  In  the  ooncluding  part  of  this  letter  he  adds,  "  uolwlthstanding  all  my  phllosoi)hy  and  Christian  resignation 
to  my  Ikte  I  must  express  that  oven  writing  to  a  firiend  In  that  quarter  of  the  world  recalls  Ideas  to  my  mind  not  the  most 
pleasing.  But  I  must  banish  them  and  make  a  virtue  of  necessity.  Perhaps  I  could  not  live  so  happily,  even  In  Fhlladelphift 
asat  Cataraqui.    I'll  endeavor  to  persuade  myself  to  it."  ■ 


,cf    K- 


-■^z- 


In  May,  1786,  he  opened  an  academy  at  Kingston,  and  in  the  summer  of  1788,  he  went  round  his 
<'  parish"  which  was,  tlieii,  above  2U0  luiles  long.  He  thus  descril>«s  Ids  voyage  on  this  occasion, 
and  some  other  incidents  : — 

"  I  embarked  in  a  Battoe  with  six  Indians  commanded  by  Capt.  Brant  and  coasted  along  the  north  side  of  Lake  Ontario 
about  200  miles;  and  trom  the  Bead  of  the  Lokc  we  went  20  miles,  by  land,  to  [New  Oswego]  the  Mohawk  village  In  the 
Grand  river  which  empties  Into  Lake  Erie.  These  jteople  were  my  former  charge,  tc  the  Society  still  stiles  me  their  Mls> 
slonary.  I  found  them  conveniently  situated  on  a  beautiful  river,  where  the  soil  is  equal  in  fertility  to  any  I  ever  saw, — 
Their  village  contains  about  700  souls  and  consists  of  a  great  number  of  goo<l  houses  with  an  elegant  church  In  the  centre 
it  has  a  handsome  steeple  h  Bell,  and  is  well  finished  within.  You  will  be  surprized  when  I  tell  yon,  they  have  a  complete 
service  of  church  plate,  crimson  furniture  for  the  pulpit  &c  with  the  creed,  commandments.  Society's  &.  King's  coat  of  arms, 
all  very  large  U  elegant,  and  that  the  Psalmody  was  accompanied  by  an  organ.  This  place  is  00  miles  from  Niagara  and 
was  uninhabited  four  years  ago.  I  returned  by  the  route  of  Niagara  and  visited  that  settlement  (they  have  as  yet  no 
clergyman)  and  preached  to  a  rery  large  audience.  The  increase  of  poputation  there  Is  immense.  And  indeed,  I  was  so 
pleased  with  that  country,  where  I  found  many  of  my  old  parishioners,  that  I  was  strongly  tempted  to  remove  my  ikmily  to 
it.  You  may  suppose  it  cost  me  a  struggle  to  refuse  the  unanimous  &  pressing  Invitations  of  a  large  settlement,  with  the 
additional  nrgumeut  of  a  subscription  &.  other  emoluments  amounting  to  near  £800  York  currency  per  annum  more  than  I 
have  he.'  But,  on  mature  reflection,  I  have  determined  to  remain  here.  You  will  suppose  me  to  be  very  rich  or  very 
disinter  f  ted:  But  I  assure  you  neither  Is  the  case.  I  have  a  comfortable  house  fc  good  farm  here,  and  an  excellent  school 
for  my  :hlldren  in  a  very  healthy  climate,  and  all  these  I  could  not  have  expected  liad  I  removed  to  Niagara.  But  that  yon 
may  be  convinced  that  I  am  determined  not  to  die  rich,  I  have  also  declined  an  honorable  b  lucrative  appointment.  Our 
new  settlements  have  been  lately  divided  into  four  districts  (of  which,  this  place  is  the  capital  of  one,  called  Now  Mecklen- 
burg) and  courts  of  Justice  are  immediately  to  bo  opened.  I  had  a  commission  sent  me  as  first  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas.  But,  for  reasons  which  will  readily  occur  to  you,  T  returned  it  to  Lord  Dorchester  who  left  this  place  a  few  days 
ago.  The  mention  of  these  circumstances  yon,  perhaps,  will  call  vanity.  But  as  any  anecdotes  concerning.you  wou'd  giva 
me  much  pleasure  to  hear;  so  I  flatter  myself  that  my  friends  will  be  glad  to  find  that  even  this  wilderness  has  its  Politics, 
Its  competitions,  which,  altho'  on  a  small  scale,  serve  to  awaken  emulation  h  prevent  life  from  stagnating." 


1  Letter  of  Nov.  2,  178S. 


MK.MUIR   01    TIIK   REV.    JOHN   ■TVART,    D.  D. 


Ml 


.  no 


Tn  1780  lie  was  appointed  Bishop's  Conimisiuiry  for  the  Rettlcnients  fVoni  Point  au  Bandette  to  the 
Western  limits  of  the  province — being  tlie  district  now  constituting  Canada  West.  Tliougli  this 
appointment  added  notiiing  to  Ids  emoluments,  it  Increased  considerably  his  duties,  for  the  settle- 
ments were  scattered  and  his  ilock  disi)er8ed  hundreds  of  miles  apart.  At  the  meeting  of  the  flrst 
Session  of  the  Colonial  Legislature  in  1792,  ho  was  named  "Cliaplain  to  the  Up{)er  House  of  Assem- 
bly." ■  an  apiM)intnient  which  required  for  the  time  Ids  presence  at  Niagara  where  the  legisluturo 
was  sitting.  He  occasionally  visited,  and  olHciated  for  tlie  Mohawk  villages  at  the  bay  of  Kente 
wlicre  still  were  preserved  the  Communion  pluto  and  furniture  given  by  Queen  Anne  to  the 
Mohuwk  Chapel  at  Fort  Hunter.  But  "  notwithstanding  the  laudable  exertions  of  the  S«)clety,  and 
the  partial  indulgence  of  the  British  Government  to  this  tribe,  no  flattering  accounts  can  be  given 
either  of  tlieir  religious  improvements  or  approach  to  perfect  Civilization."  Tliey  were  found  to  be 
"  decreasing  fast,  owing  to  their  indolence  and  great  attachment  to  spirituous  liquovs."-'' 

In  the  year  1700,  thedegrecof  Doctor  of  Divinity  was  conferred  on  M'  Stuart  by  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania.  This  favour  proceeding  tVoni  his  Mvm  Mater  and  Native  Country  was  doubly  valuable 
and  honorable  in  his  estimation,  and  ho  entertained  n  high  sense  of  the  compliment.  >  About  the 
same  time  he  received  tlie  appointment  of  Cliaplain  to  tlie  garrison  of  Kingston.  He  had  secured 
about  40UU  acres  of  valuable  land  to  which  l\e  occasionally  made  additions,  his  circumstances 
more  than  equalled  his  most  sanguine  expectations,  and  he  felt  tliat,  in  the  enjoyment  of  health 
with  such  prosperity,  his  situation  was  as  happy  as  it  possibly  could  be.  "How  mysterious,"  he 
exclaimed,  "are  the  ways  of  Providence!  How  short  sighted  are  we!  Some  years  ago  I  thought  it 
a  great  hardsliip  to  be  banished  into  this  wilderness  and  would  have  imagined  myself  compleatly 
happy  could  I  have  exchanged  it  for  u  place  in  the  delightful  city  of  Pliiladelphia.  Now  tlie  best 
wisli  we  can  form  for  our  dearest  friends  is  to  have  them  removed  to  us."* 

The  remainder  of  D'  Stuart's  life  seems  to  have  passed  in  the  routine  of  his  duties,  interrupted, 
however,  by  attacks  of  illness  to  which  his  increase  of  years  and  the  fatigue  attendant  on  a  mission 
In  so  new  a  country  could  not  fail  to  subject  hira.  He  departed  this  life  on  the  15'h  Aug.  1811  in 
the  seventy-flrst  year  of  his  age  and  was  buried  in  Kingston,  where  he  lives  (says  one  of  his 
cotemporuries)  in  the  hearts  of  his  friends. 

In  personal  appearance  D'  Stuart  resembled  the  other  members  of  his  family;  he  was  about  six 
feet  f«)ur  inches  in  height,  and  from  this  circumstance  was  known  among  his  New-York  friends  as 
"  the  Huh  gentleman."  His  manners  were  gentle  and  conciliatory,  and  his  character  such  as  led 
him  rather  to  win  men  by  kindness  and  persuasion,  than  to  awe  and  alarm  them  by  the  terrors  of 
authority.  His  sermons,  composed  in  plain  and  nervous  language,  were  recommended  by  the 
affectionate  manner  of  his  delivery,  and  not  unfrequently  found  a  way  to  the  consciences  of  those 
who  had  long  been  insensible  to  any  real  religious  convictions.*  Tlie  honorable  title  of  "  Father 
of  the  Upper  Canada  Church"  has  been  fitly  bestowed  on  him;  and  he  deserved  the  name  not  more 
by  his  age  and  the  length  of  his  services  than  by  the  kind  and  paternal  advice  and  encouragement 
which  he  was  ever  ready  to  give  those  younger  than  he  on  their  flrst  entrance  on  the  mission. 

By  his  wife,  Jane  Okill  of  Philadelphia,  who  was  bom  in  1752,  he  had  five  sons  and  three 
daughters.  George  Okill  Stuart,  the  oldest,  graduated  at  Cambridge,  Mass.  entered  holy  oirfers,  and 
was  appointed  Missionary  at  York,  now  Toronto,  in  1802,  whence  he  removed,  on  his  father's  death, 
to  Kingston,  ot  which  place  he  is  at  present  Archdeacon.    His  second  son,  John,  embarked  in  trade 


1  Abstract  of  1793,  p.  57. 
8  Letter  of  21  Oct.,  1799. 
6  London  Colonial  Church  Ghronicia  No.  2,  p.  64. 

Vol.  IV. 


2  Abstract  for  1796,  53,  54;  1798,  48  j  1799,  58. 
4  Letter  of  26  Nov  ,  1798. 


41 


322 


MBMOIB  0»'   THE   HEV.    JOHN   ITVAKT,   D.    D. 


but  afterwarda  wu  appointed  Sheriff  of  the  Johnatown  DIatrlct,  Upper  CaoHda.  Jaibea,  hi*  third  ion, 
ntudied  law  under  Jonathan  Sewcl!  Attorney-General  of  Lower  Canada,  whom  he  lucoeeded 
aa  Chief  Juatioe  of  that  Province;  was  afterwards  created  a  Baronet,  and  died  at  Quebeo 
14lh  July,  1853.  Charles,  the  fourth  son,  wu  Sheriff  of  the  Midland  District,  and  Andrew  Stuart, 
'  he  youngest  of  these  boys,  was  an  eminent  lawyer  in  Quebeo,  which  city  he  represented  many 
years  in  the  Colonial  Legislature.  He  died  Solicitor  General  of  Lower  Canada.  D'  Stuart's  eldest 
daughter  was  Jane ;  Mary,  the  second  daughter,  married  the  late  Hon^'*  Charles  Jones  of  Brook- 
ville,  and  Ann,  his  third  daughter,  was  the  wife  of  the  lato  Patrick  Smith,  Esq.,  of  Kingston. 


i 


XIII. 


FORT    STANWIX. 

CAPT.  OHEBm's  OB8KRVATIONB  ON  A  PLAN  OF  A  KORT  ORDKHED  TUBE  BUILT  AT  THK  ONEIDA  CARRVINO  PLACE. 

Being  onlered  by  Brigadier  Oencral  Stunwix  to  give  my  opinion  in  Writting  of  a  Plan  ordered  tor  a 
Fort  at  tlie  Oneida  Carrying  Place,  paying  a  Coniparutive  attention  to  a  letter  from  His  Excellency 
General  Abercroinbe  Dated  from  the  Camp  at  Lake  Oeorge  July  16  1758. 

"  HCAIM    OK   THE  OHUEKKU  I'LAN. 

"A  good  Post  to  be  made  at  the  Oiieldu  Carrying  Place  capable  of  Lodging  200  men  in  the  Winter 
and  for  3  or  400  men  in  the  Summer  for  its  Defence,  with  Loggs— A  Parrapet  of  sucli  a  thickness  as 
the  Engineer  shall  think  necessary  according  to  the  scitiiation. 

"A  Ditch  to  be  made  to  serve  to  thicken  tlie  Parrapet — Barracks  to  be  made  underneath  the 
Rampart,  with  Flues  of  the  Cliimneys  to  come  tlii-ougii  the  Top. 

"Tlie  Square  will  be  Cheapest  Form  to  be  made  us«'  <>f  for  tills  Work. 

"The  Bastions  in  Like  manner  can  be  made  Use  of  for  Storehouses  or  Magazines. 

"In  tlie  Square  may  be  made  Lodging  for  OlUcers,  and  the  rest  of  the  Quadrangle  clear — The 
whole  to  be  Logged. 

"And  opposite  the  Officers  Barrack  may  be  made  a  Store  house  for  the  Deposlte  of  Indian  Goods." 

By  a  good  Post — I  understand  to  be  meant,  sucli  a  one,  as  will  contain  witli  ease,  the  said  number 
of  Men,  To  be  executed  in  such  a  manner,  as  to  protect  them  from  a  Coup  de  main  and  to  be  of 
such  a  Size,  as  will  admitt  of  a  proper  Defence  by  sucli  a  Garrison — ^y«  Exterior  Side  of  which 
Square,  cannot  possibly  be  less  (if  so  little)  than  300  I'  wc''  procures  but  a  verry  small  Defence 
from  its  flank,  &  will  make  an  Exterior  Circuit  of  Logging  of  nearly  1420  ft  by  at  the  very 
least  14  ft  high,  according  as  the  Scituation  may  be,  &  in  order  to  admitt  of  Barracks  under  the 
Rampart,  to  which  the  Retaining  &  Bracing  Logg  Works,  as  well  as  the  Ij<jgg  work  fronting  the 
Interior  Area,  must  in  course  be  considered,  as  Likewise  the  Logg  Work  to  cover  the  Barracks,  Store 
houses  &  Magazines  that  are  proposed  to  be  made  under  the  Rampart  of  the  Curtins  and  Bastions, 
by  w<=i>  it  will  appear,  that  the  greatest  part  of  the  Rampart  round  this  Post,  must  be  formed  & 
Supported  with  Loggwork. 

Aa  I  am  ignorant  of  the  Scituation  conceive  that  any  form  of  a  Work,  that  does  not  take  up  more 
in  its  Exterior  &  Interior  Circuit,  Attention,  being  made  to  an  equal  Flank  Defence  must  be  as 
cheap  and  as  good  as  a  Square,  as  it  might  not  be  in  my  power  strictly  to  adhere  to  that  Figure — 
As  to  the  thickness  of  the  Parapet,  being  Informed  Cannon  can  be  brought  there  by  the  Enemy  It 
cannot  be  less  than  12  ft.  if  so  little,  18  ft.  being  the  standard  in  such  Cases. 

Tlie  Rampart  for  the  Manoeuver  of  Cannon,  and  likewise  to  admitt  of  a  Reasonable  Breadth  for 
the  Barracks  underneath  cannot  be  less  tlian  20  ft. 


324 


PAPERS   RELATING   TO   FOBT   BTANWIX. 


The  Breudth  &  Dept  of  the  Ditch  must  be  considered  in  Proportion  for  the  Earth  wanted  to  furm 
the  said  Parrapet,  and  to  cover  tlie  Loggwork  of  the  Proposed  Barraclcs  Magazines  &  Storehouses 
to  be  made  under  the  Kampurt. 

His  Excellency  General  Abercronihie  is  pleased  to  Observe  in  His  Letter  of  the  16  of  July  to  the 
following  Purpot — that  He  does  not  find  liimself  vested  with  y»  Power  cf  Building  Forts,  and  that 
His  Excellency  does  not  tliiuk  tlmt  it  would  be  right  for  Him  to  Undertake  tlie  Building  of  those 
He  i)roposcd  &.c.  &c. 

I  humbly  conceive  that  the  Plan  Ordered  lor  the  Post  at  Oneida  Carrying  Place  is  in  all  Respects 
and  Circumsttuices  to  be  considered  as  a  Fort,  as  it  partakes  not  only  of  tlie  Figure,  and  tlie 
respective  parts  of  a  Fort,  but  even  of  the  Parraanent  Intentions  of  a  Fortress,  as  must  clearly  appear 
by  considt-ring  all  tlie  Particulars  Ordered  in  tliat  Plan,  the  Materials  of  whicli  it  is  Ordered  To  be 
Built  witli  being  only  peculiar  to  the  Country  and  Scituation,  and  can  no  ways  affect  the  Intention 
of  that  Work,  and  as  to  its  capacity  in  point  of  Size,  and  the  proper  Strength  requisite  in  the  Execu- 
tion, when  considered,  it  is  Ordered  To  be  made,  a  good  Post  for  200  Men  to  400  men  I  sliould  think 
it  ray  Duty  to  execute  it  with  Propriety,  Care,  and  Attention,  in  order  that  it  might  answer  tlie  end 
proposed — That  of  Covering  tliat  j)art  of  the  Country. 

How  far  this  can  be  executed  (allowing  it  only  to  be  looked  upon  as  a  Post  instead  of  it's  abso- 
lutely partaking  of  all  the  Qualitys  &  Intentions  of  a  Fort)  to  answer  the  end  proposed,  of  having 
it  finished  against  the  Winter  must  appear  by  Considering 

First  It  will  be  near  tlie  end  of  this  mouth  betbre  'twill  be  begun  upon 

2<"y  How  soon  tlie  Winter  setis  in  ui  that  pai-tof  the  country. 

3'")  The  great  Quantity  of  Carpenters  Work  to  be  executed  in  Logging  and  Braceing  at  least 
1420  Ft:  Exterior  Circuit  by  14  feet  higli,  besides  the  Retaining  Logg  W^ork,  and  the  Front 
Loggwork  towards  the  Interior  Area,  togatlier  witli  covering  the  Barracks,  Storehouses  and  Maga- 
zines with  Loggs  under  the  Rampart,  all  t'.iis  being  composed  of  Heavy  W^orkmanship,  besides  the 
Lodging  for  the  officers,  and  Storehouse  fur  Indian  Goods 

4"»iy  Tlie  Couseciuences  that  may  attend  tliis  Post  being  attacked  If  only  half  or  two-thii-ds 
com  pleated 

And  lastly.  The  Practibility  of  executing  this  post  before  the  Winter  sets  in,  Must  still  further 
be  judged,  not  only  by  the  number  of  artificers  that  would  be  Requisite  to  Compleat  it  in  due  time, 
but  by  considering  it  is  one  of  the  Reasons  inter  alia  His  Excellency  General  Abercrombie  Himself 
Gives  for  laying  aside  the  Sclieme  of  Building  a  Fort  there — By  observing  as  follows  "Besides 
when  I  recollect  how  far  the  Season  is  advanced  and  tliat  is  not  likely,  that  by  beginning  a  Fort* 
now  it  would  be  finished  against  the  Winter  &  conslquently  not  of  tlie  Use  proposed."  « 

N.  B:  The  Exterior  Circuite  of  Fort  Edward  is  nearly  1569  Ft:  And  as  I  am  informed  took 
nearly  Two  Seasons  to  build  it.  And  the  Exterior  Circuite  of  the  Fort  proposed  will  be  nearly 
1420  Ft. 


GENL.  ABERCROMBIE  TO  GEN  STANWIX. 

Sir  Having  been  told  that  you  had  been  obliged  to  incamp  your  Troops  at  Schenectady,  thro' 
Reason  of  the  Present  shallowness  of  tlie  Muhawk  River,  where  it  is  said  you  cannot  even  yet  get 
up  light  Batteaus  w""  will  have  jjioveiited  your  forwarding  the  Tools  and  materials  necessary  for 
Building  at  the  Oneida  Carrying  Place  the  Post  or  Fort  I  directed  by  my  letters  of  the  16  and  23'' 
Ins',  should  be  forthwith  built  there. 

•  I  beg  it  maybe  remembered  that  I  have  concluded  the  Post  Ordered  ig  to  be  a  Fort. 


'^^"^iK^iiJtcstei&viiik^'i 


;<&' 


■!*<'f  ■.  ;■  .-'-x '' 


ftof'  'ey 


'*»o-. 


„t'iiij 


*>.-- 


.*59g»^  .3 ■>  -  ■»'  ■••0 


Vv 


»  t 


^. 


'I       .*.\i^      ^^^ 


\ 


\ 


\ 


\ 


\ 


T"' 


Tojiographical  t-lfap 


Countrt/  /between  thefMoJiawk  Miverand  Wood  Orek 

front  an  .  trfua/  Surveif  ^aJten  tn  ,^dvem$er  fftfS^. 


foptrff from  the  Ortff:,HS.in  the  Stiilc  Ubmtjf. 


el.' 


Sloney. 


M* 


t\ 


>■ 


<^ 


Level  arrabf^  LanffX 


leifel    arrctble  Land . 


W/MM^^MM^^i 


^ojjographical  tMcij. 
of^  the   


CoutUn/  /^etwee^i  the,  Hohawk  J^iueram 

Trom  an  .  fr/ua/  Surori^  taken  tn  ./ifdvem$i 


'S'tor^tj- 


Cofffrffpvm  fhe  Oriff  fifSi/t  tfie  State  Li'ht 


Si  oMe, 


iphical  tM^ct^ 

of  th^ 

hawk  Itiverand  Wood  Orek 


\ff:tMS.in  the  State  /sihrarjf. 


•  I, 


Stoftey 


> 


Zevet  (trrabf^  LeLnct 


Zeeel    arruble  land.. 


""Witll 


jOtM'jf. 


■^♦UiW  n« 


^^mmm^ 


^ 


Jt^ 


:t 


.S- 


J£ 


.  /       /v>/  / (ra nrn-  f!>n m/  hif  firn '  Iffeik. 
/■'       /-orf  fffiffmnn-  rtMfff  ofSimhadex  nam 

t/e.r/ rtft/ef/ . 
f        Fort  .Vfa/iiwta-  biiHI  in  /'/JS 
/f        Utti  ,  I  eit'fforf,  a  .rtn,i/l  Sfork at/ft/  /-brf, 

lOflha  Pifrfy  roi4iiiht ■ 
/*•       So,i» .  U,tt  hmlf  in  r/.fS 
/'        /'/f.ilofmif'^'  fu»er. 
(i       .  / .rmn//  ( rrr^ . it/'  An.r  lis  hrtnf  /'roin  thrfe 

SprtHf/.f. 
//       TAr  ■  (fiffrZ/rrrfeAktu-  iifAcrn/o/ri  Spniiff. 

a/K/jortt,T  f/tf  ft^/fve  CrrfA'  h  /itf/c  Affofo 

f/tf  /-'orf 
/        '/Af  Man  .  U,(/  f}(,m 
/t       T/n'.Ki//  /fare. 


Z.      'I'kf  W(tj/r  Kacf . 

if      Thr  Koatt/rvm  /Mr.  tfoA/tttfk  /ttPrr  oner 
the  Carrftm^  F/arf,  /o  t'oH  ,  li'uf/jorf . 
Siotwi^  C'rerk  //ar/  a/'  /Ar  if/iMtr/  Crrck 
,  4  IJfoiffne<f  Stna  tn/j,  fhr  Aetfrf  c/' 
Stvttn/  Crfc/t 

.  /  Sin  K'^un<f  /Jam  /o  rr/rsca  Aftni 
o/'  fVa/rrJo/Voaf  MaZ/fnuv  /o  /'orf 
ffu// 

•  /  UJoof/  Hum  nf^tr/f  hf/  a  frof/ft/ions 

•  t't4m  i>fr  ff/'/re^s,  f/trot»n  fhere  f'ro 
fn  irruomstj^  /y  /''rfsAr.r. 
The  0,tnte(f a/fir  InUfan  hith  . 
tf  tine  tHeu>inif  the  sharteti  route  from  tttt 

vtfaAatvA-   fitper  to  It/oof/Crerk  . 


O 
/' 


"^    7/^<"  tituiA   /?tott/  <j/'  tAis  LariU  i/i  (/eMera/  y<>ex  4  or 
J  /eet  f/re/J.  tArn /hr  a/fou/  ^  /-oot  (/ee/f  a  Hue  f'lpe  f/uif. 
then  u  (frarr/li/  anet  >S'an(/t/  /iott  O'n  ■ 

'  41/  the  irrpu-nd  /eont  t/ie  /nnrJi  j^to  the  'tloAawk 
/Civer  /s  of'  one  aeu4  t/w  saene  ^i'a/ure  nttf/  a//  the  ft  /on  n^/ 
n/it /tout  t/iat  tr/,  ufhere /Ae  O'roti/Kt  Ae^t/ts  to  /'i.ve  ts  o/  a 
A'u/at/if^y  •lot nee.  hu4 o/'a  ri^h  ti'fl/I ,  An/  /i/t/ie/  .to  /nue/t 
i>c/ou>  the  /fite/'pa/  /jumLv  are  wet  atn/  trnf!>ax,tt/>/e tfithvut 
heirt(f  f/fui  iiet/  . 


l.epfl     orrab/r  Land 


"mi 


WMWlBM^j 


4-00  ft  fo  an  /irr/f 


% 


-'^< 


~~^Jf!*:_a.nilth,.  Mtoer  is  rich  inter v\ 


This  Interoal  is  s/^onetf  lane/ 


■^■>^ 


^^ 


-r<- 


'^^ 


^fu> 


^-T^ 


■%, 


.*?^ 


* 


ir""^%iJs»K> 


h**.  I      The  lOastf  Race 

\lex  lum         ,H     Tfw  Svaef/rvm  the,  \1ohfiufk  /(iifer  ffPrr 
thf  Carrjfui4f  f/are,  /o  Fori ,  iew/forf  . 
«i.'     Stonfj^  Crerk  parf  of  fhr  UAfor/  Crrek 
u/r//  Fort,       O-      •  /  fffoufnec/  Suta  trt/J.  fhr  /tfatt  of 
St^nrf/  Crefh. 
f       ./  Stutrfant/  /)€tm  fo  retrsem  hrtuf 
of' WaJrrJo/Voa/  SaZ/fftus-  /o  For/ 
\/'rom  tkrfe  Bii// 

Q.      .  4  Itfoocf  Dum  ni-a//*"  ht/  a  Frof/i^t'ous 
'ifnSpnnff,   •  .i'um i>rr  o/'lrres,  fhroiart  iJtrre  Fro 

'e  kr/oto  mirruomstj^  >y  t'resk^s. 

H       The  Ojwefftufte  IndUin  Path  . 
S.        t'f  /trie  fheuft'ntf  e/ie  s/ntrte*t  roii/e from  the 
UfoAaitfk  ttioer  fo  Utoor/ Creek  . 

I///  oil/  tj/'  tAii'  Larui  i/i  (fener-a/  fft/es  4  or 
I  /or  a  /foiU  2  Foot  a/ee^  tt.  ^lue  t'tpe  Cla.if. 
Vn-d  -Paudtf  /fott  otn  . 

\urtd-  /rotei  the  mar/i:  %to  ttW'MffAfnok 
'  t-hf  seune  ^Fitlure  ant/  a//  tAe  ^rr/nt  nr/ 

\/.  ufA^rriAr  ffr(*uju^  ^e^tHS  /o  rtJ'e  /S  o/'  a 
^u/  ff/'a  ruh  Soil,  hu/  tyiHff  vo  mu</i 
li  LtLnds  are  wet  and  tmpaxsi/dr ipitttf»ut 


>^ 


Levfi    arrtthif  Land . 


Siifanfjfi/ 


:^ftiji    " 


/I  X 


^'     "^M 


;^^x'^.-.^_|/^A^ 


.v?    *-     -'■ 


I' 


'f  •<'        ^      *      t      "  'f   •■    'T       ft 


m^-i^il^"-* 


'^Nrdi 


* 


-  -'?^_f^.^5/^-*/;  Jf«»«!r  ,>  r*«4  interval  low  J-J^Jt:. 


This  IntertfaJ,   is  x^ottei/  Lctfuf- 


^^^ 


~% 


~^< 


<1^ 


^1V 


«> 


-% 


iirH  or  ft.  M  ^lASl,  />L  84X1  !■  My.. 


vV^X: 


PAPERS   aSLATING   TO   FORT   STANWIZ. 


325 


And  having  since  been  advised,  instead  of  that  Post  or  Fort,  to  build  one  more  extensive,  pursu- 
ant to  a  Plan  laid  before  nie,  I  liave  accordingly  sent  that  plan  to  L*  Williams  now  at  Albany  with 
directions  if  his  liealtii  should  Permit  liiin  to  undertake  tlie  same,  immediately  to  Join  you  and  set 
about  it;  my  Reason  for  sending  L'  Williams  is  that  he  is  acquainted  w*"  that  part  of  tlie  Country, 
and  accustomed  to  tlie  metliod  of  Working  in  it ;  besides  from  Capt.  Green's  Bad  state  of  health, 
and  tiie  DifBcultys  he  started  to  the  former  Plan,  w^h  was  not  near  so  extensive  as  it  is  morally  certain 
lie  would  not  execute  it  within  proper  time  which  as  I  observe  before  would  l)e  doing  nothing 
at  all ;  Wiierefore,  upv)n  L'  Williams  arrival,  you  will  allow  Cap*  Green  to  return  to  Albany,  for  the 
sake  of  liis  iiealth,  from  whence  he  may  forward  every  thing  that  may  be  wanted  eitlier  your  way 
or  up  tlie  Hudsons  River  and  as  L'  Sowers  is  Williams's  senior,  lie  may  take  a  Trip  w'  L'  Coll" 
Bradstreet,  as  from  Ills  knowledge  of  tlie  country  beyond  tlie  Carrys  Place,  he  may  be  of  service, 
and  after  that  enterprize  terminates,  you  can  employ  Him  in  putting  in  Repair  tlie  little  forts 
Below,  for  the  Reception  of  tlie  troops  in  Winter;  this  is  done  to  prevent  any  Interfering  in 
Command 

lam 

Camp  at  Lake  George  July  27"'  1758 


COLLO.  MONTRESORE'S  ANSWER  TO  CAPT.  GREEN'S  OBSERVATIONS. 

The  orders  for  building  a  Post  or  Fort  at  Oneida  Carrying  Place  were  so  plain  that  they  did 
not  seem  to  want  any  Explanations,  except  in  the  Scituation,  w^i)  not  being  exactly  known  the  figure 
of  Course  is  subjected  by  it,  and  tlio'  called  a  square,  lias  often  its  four  sides  unequall,  and  as  part 
may  be  unattakable  by  a  swamp,  morass  &ca.  tliat  side  lias  a  Parapet  and  Rampart  less  strong  tlian 
the  otiiers  and  witliout  a  Ditch,  all  those  alterations  and  changes  are  left  to  the  Engineer. 

As  to  its  Execution  ;  Amongst  tlie  number  of  Troops  on  the  Mahawk  River,  there  are  no  doubt 
carpenters  more  than  sufficient,  who  understand  that  business. 

2^  The  winter  sets  in  there  as  in  tlie  oy'  parts  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  and  not  sooner ; 
and  as  to  tlie  Practability  of  executing  tiiis  post  or  Fort  before  the  winter  Majf  Eyres  begun  fort 
W">  Henry  in  Sep'  and  it  was  finished  by  the  end  of  Nov  followtr  being  an  Irregular  square  of 
about  300ft  each  side  with  Provincials  alone  and  tliat  without  any  Expence. 

A.  Fort  Craven  burnt  by  Gen'  Webb. 

B.  F'  Williams  made  of  Stockades  now  destroyed 

C.  F»  Stanwix  built  in  1758 

D.  F'  Newport,  a  small  Stockaded  Fort  witli  u  Ditch  round  it 

E.  Saw  Mill  built  in  1758 

F.  The  Mohawk  River 

G.  A  small  Creek  w^*"  has  its  head  from  three  springs. 

H.  The  Middle  Creek,  has  its  head  at  a  spring  and  joins  the  above  Creek  a  little  below  the  Fort. 

I.  Tlie  Saw  Mill  Dam 

K.  The  Mill  Race 

L,  The  Waste  Race 

M.  The  Road  from  the  Mahawk  River  over  the  Carrying  Place  to  Fort  Newport. 

N.  Stoney  Creek  part  of  the  Wood  Creek 

0.  A  Drowned  Swamp,  the  head  of  Stoney  Creek 


i4       ' 


>wi 


I    I 


ZM 


PAPBU    RELATIRO   TO   ft>KT  STAMWIX. 


P.  A  Sluice  and  Dam  to  raise  a  head  of  water  to  float  Batteaus  to  Fort  Bull. 

Q.  A  wood  Dam  made  by  a  Prodigious  number  of  trees  thrown  there  Promiscuously  by  Freshes. 

R.  Tlie  Oswegagie  Indian  Path. 

The  Black  Mold  of  tliis  Land  in  general  goes  to  4  or  5  feet  deep,  then  for  about  2  foot  deep  a 
Blew  Pipe  clay,  then  a  gravelly  and  Sandy  Bottom. 

All  the  ground  from  tlie  Mark  *  to  the  Mahawk  river  is  of  one  and  the  same  nature  and  all 
tlie  Ground  without  that  to  where  the  ground  begins  to  rise  is  of  a  Swampy  nature,  but  of  a  Rich 
soil,  but  lying  so  mucli  below  the  Interval  Lands  are  wet  &.  impassible  witliout  being  drained. 

Tlie  part  that  is  marked  for  Stoney  ground  is  composed  of  Round  pebble  stones  mixed  with 
Gravel  and  Sand,  till  you  dig  6  foot  deep,  then  small  Gravel  and  Sand. 

Tlie  ground  where  the  Fort  is  built  is  1 9  foot  higher  than  the  Swamps  and  low  Lands  and  descend 
gradually  to  Fort  Newport. 

Tlie  Land  marked  for  level  ground  to  tlie  east  of  Oswegagie  Path  falls  about  8  foot  below  the 
high  land  and  is  level  good  arrable  Land,  but  not  interval 

Thro'  the  Swamp  0  runs  severall  small  Creeks  w''''  being  joined  at  P  make  what  is  called  Stoney 
Creek,  w^h  at  midling  dry  Seasons  is  too  shallow  to  float  Batteaus  to  Fort  Bull  for  which  Reason  a 
liitle  above  P  there  is  a  Dam  and  Sluice  to  Raise  a  licad  of  Water  in  the  Swamp  O.  Tlie  Sluice  is 
shut  6  or  8  hours  belbre  the  Batteaus  are  to  go  to  and  from  Fort  Bull,  when  ready,  it  is  opened  vi"^ 
gives  water  sufficient  to  float  them. 

The  Portage  as  the  Road  runs  over  the  Carrying  Place  is  5940  feet  but  the  Streight  Prickt  Line  S 
is  about  4930  feet  tliro  tlie  Spine  Swamp  wh  is  nearly  on  a  level,  thro'  w"''  if  a  Ditcli  was  cut 
Loaded  Batteaus  might  go  and  have  no  Portage  att  all,  besides  by  a  Sluice  it  might  be  made 
a  dry  or  a  Navigable  channel  at  Pleasure. 

All  within  the  Line  of  trees  as  marked  in  the  Plan  is  cleared  ;  all  the  rest  of  the  Country  is  cov- 
ered with  tall  Timber  Trees,  and  but  little  underwoods ;  The  Swamp  on  the  S.  W'of  F'  Stanwix, 
is  chiefly  Pine  and  some  Wiiite  Cedar  ;  There  are  also  some  white  Pines  in  the  Swamp  on  the  East 
side  of  the  Fort,  all  the  rest  of  the  woods  are  Elm,  Beach,  Rock  Maple,  Birtcli,  Popplar,  and  a 
few  Trees  of  the  wild  Clierry  kind  ;  The  Plan  is  laid  down  by  a  Scale  of  400  f  to  an  Inch  from  an 
actual  Survey  Taken  in  Nov' 1758. 


II 


«^ 


"^ 


S™/^ti>^W>^«- 


W^ 


^&!m^ 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  WOOD  CUT. 

Tills  Ibrt  was  begun  Aug'  tlie  QS^  1758  by  the  Troops  under  the  Command  of  Brigd'  Gen'  Stnnwlx 
and  finished  in  en  Barhttte  as  Represented  in  the  draught  of  Nov'  18"»  1758  the  yellow  shows  wliat 
parts  are  unfinished  A  is  a  small  creek  w""^  runs  soutliward,  and  lias  its  head  from  three  springs 
500  3ards  above  tlie  Fort.  B.  Tlie  Koad  from  the  Landing  place  on  the  Mahawk  River  over  tlie 
Carrying  place  to  Fort  Niewport.  C.  a  section  thro  D  E  taking  in  the  Ditch  the  Common  breadtliof 
40  foot  and  not  tlie  Breadth  as  i*t  is  up  the  middle  of  the  Curtin.  The  Fort  is  built  on  a  Level  spot 
of  Ground  Composed  of  Pebble  stones  mixed  w'  Gravel  and  Sand  and  is  to  the  Eastward  and  South- 
ward 19f»  above  the  Level  of  the  Swamps  and  Low  lands.  To  the  Northward  the  Ground  is  much 
on  a  Level  with  the  fort,  but  to  the  Westward  it  descends  gradually  for  three  quarters  of  a  Milr  to 
Fort  Niewport  to  the  Common  Level  of  tlie  Swamps.  To  the  West,  North,  and  Eastward,  tlie  woods 
are  Cleared,  between  3  and  4  hund^  yards,  and  to  the  Sonthwi^  700  yards.  F  a  Magazing  (J5  loot 
long  by  16  f  wide  Bomb  Proof.  The  logs  of  w^^  the  fort  is  built  are  generally  2  f  thick,  flatted  on 
the  upper  and  under  sides.  The  Caseraentes  (at  present  Barracks)  are  covered  w*  two  teer  of  Square 
timber  from  12  to  24  In*  broad  by  12  In*  tliick  as  Represented  in  the  Profil. 


XIV. 


CONTROVERSY 


BSTWEKM 


;.  i 


NEW   YORK   AND   NEW   HAMPSHIRE, 


REIPECTINO  THE  TERRITORY  NOW  THE  STATE  Or 


VERMONT. 


Vol.  IV. 


///'/r/i/ryVf^    Mr/4    ^ 
/».#/'/*   //.#/    **t/0\ 

tt  4*rA  40*tt     ^40   m09i 

,Hit/,tmm0    ^Mf4    '•Mp  I 

,'/i,H^f/l   '/,„,'/•  A 

tiilili'ii -fM,/  Ti Tim , I 


I 


>  I 

,<7 


u.  \ 


'l,;.,,.'.U'r  ://,„*>.>».>.  /.^_  '^.-y 

,'/(../(   '«'"•     '■'<'—«'     '/     »V,,I1,K.K.M,.,.,, 

/,„„„  .«.<<  ..M. I /"■■'■">"''■■  '//-<'  ■' 

y/  ,,.,  ,  ,v    't.,H>/  •  4f/;l.i  MiMiii'.nnnmore 
l„|,I,Mi  "' V  Tiv-Mi      //,/«/.«/"«   '•'<" 

/,„,.,U„f.."/^*f  ■'■^/"/^   -/'/-^ >'»>'» 


I*  A  R  T 


A  <'llOKO(;KAIMIirAL  MAP  oi  ti,.  Xoithr 


11 


^' ..,>.,: ^y^ /,,„/,■./.,„,/'/,'/,'//  „/      hu'/Z/J,.-,,^  ^//'^///v/  //»^y//  //^    _>^//';>/////^////, 


iV  oMlir  NoitiHMu  Di'paiiiiH'iit  of  \OllTII  AMEHirA 


•iSti. 


-■ik 


>  ,.;<: 


-m..:' 


!P^«5;j-:^?" 


!  * 


'•■'li''*  t*  ^»t    *•*  *" 


■M:' 


vf#. 


v\ 


..fe 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


'.  :■  ■'- 


.■* 


Portsmouth,  Novenibe'  17">  1749. 

Sir  I  have  it  in  command  from  His  Majesty  to  make  Grants  of  the  unimproved  Lands  witliin 
my  Government,  to  Such  of  the  Inhabitants  and  others,  as  shall  apply  for  Grants  for  the  Same,  as 
will  oblige  themselves  to  Settle  and  improve,  agi-eeable  to  his  Majesty's  Instructions. 

The  War  hitherto  has  prevented  me  from  making  So  great  a  progress  as  I  hoped  for,  on  my  first 
appointment ;  but  as  there  is  a  prospect  of  a  lasting  peace  with  the  Indians,  in  which  Your  Excellency 
has  had  a  great  Share,  people  are  ilaily  applying  for  Grants  of  Land  in  all  Qiiarters  of  this  Govern- 
ment, And  particularly  Some  for  Townships  to  be  laid  out  in  tiie  Western  part  thereof,  whicli  will 
fall  in  the  Neighbourhood  of  your  Government. 

I  tliink  it  my  duty  to  apprize  You  thereof,  and  to  Transmit  to  your  Excellency  the  description  of 
New  Hampshire,  as  the  King  has  determined  it  in  the  words  of  my  Commission,  which  after  you 
have  Considered,  I  shall  be  glad  you  will  be  pleased  to  give  me  your  Sentiments  in  that  manner  it 
will  affect  the  Grants  made  by  you  or  preceeding  Governours,  it  being  my  intention  to  avoid  as  much 
as  I  can,  Consistant  with  his  Majesty's  Instructions,  Interferring  wilii  Your  Government 

In  Consequence  of  his  Majesty's  Determination  of  the  boundary's  between  New  Hampshire  and 
the  Massachusets,  A  Surveyor  and  proper  Cliainmen  were  appointed  to  Run  tlie  Western  Line, 
from  three  Miles  North  of  Pautucket  Falls,  And  the  Surveyor  upon  Oatli  has  declared,  that  it 
Strikes  Hudsons  River  about  eighty  poles  between,  where  Mowhawks  River  comes  into  Hudson's 
River,  which  I  presume  is  North  of  the  City  of  Albany,  for  wliich  Reason  it  will  be  necessary  for 
me  to  be  informed  how  far  North  of  Albany  the  Government  of  New  York  Extends  by  his  Majesty's 
Commission  to  your  Excellency,  and  how  many  Miles  to  the  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River,  to  the 
Northward  of  the  Massachusets  Line,  that  I  may  Govern  myself  accordmgly.  And  if  in  the  Execu- 
tion of  tlie  King's  Commands.  With  respect  to  the  Lands,  I  can  oblige  any  of  your  Excellency's 
Friends  I  am  allways  at  your  Service. 

I  am  with  the  greatest  respect 

Sir  Your  Excellencys  most  Obedient  humble  Servant 

B.  Wentworth. 


i| 


DESCRIPTION  OF  THE  BOUNDS  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


Ckorge  the  Second  by  the  Grace  of  God,  of  Great  Britain  France  and  Ireland  King  Defender  of 

the  Faith  &c. 
To  our  Trusty  and  Well  beloved  Benning  Wentworth  Esq'  Greeting  Know  You  that  We  reposing 
especial  Trust  and  Confidence  in  the  prudence  Courage  and  Loyalty  of  you  tlie  said  Benning 
Wentworth  Out  of  our  Especial  Grace,  Certain  knowledge  and  Meer  Motion,  have  tliought  fit,  to 
Constitute  and  appoint  and  by  these  presents  do  constitute  and  appoint  you  the  said  Benning  Went- 
worth to  be  our  Governor  and  Commander  in  chief  of  our  province  of  New  Hampshire,  within  Our 


332 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECVINO    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


Dominions  of  New  England  in  America,  bounded  on  the  south  side,  by  a  simular  Curve  liue  pur- 
suing the  Course  of  Merrimac  River,  at  three  Miles  distance,  on  the  North  side  tliereof,  beginning  at 
the  Atlantick  Ocean  &  ending  at  a  point  due  North  of  a  place  called  pautucket  Falls,  and  by  a 
'Straight  Liue  drawn  from  thence  due  West  Cross  the  said  River  'till  it  meets  witli  our  other 
Governments,  and  bounded  on  the  South  Side  by  a  line  passing  up  through  tlie  Mouth  of  Piscataqua 
Harljour,  and  up  the  Middle  of  the  River,  to  the  River  of  Newicliwannock,  part  of  which  is  now 
called  Salmon  Fall,  and  through  the  Middle  of  tlie  same  to  the  Furthest  head  thereof,  and  from 
thence  Nortli  two  degrees  Westerly,  untill  one  hundred  and  twenty  miles  be  finished  from  the 
Mouth  of  piscataqua  Harbour  aforesaid,  or  untill  it  meets  with  our  Otiier  Governments. 

His  Majesty's  Description  of  the  province  of  New  Hampshire,  as  it  stands  in  his  Excellency's 
Commission. 

Given  at  Wliitehall  July  the  3<i  in  the  15"'  Year  of  His  Majesty's  Reign. 

Attest  Thkodore  Atkinson  Sec'ry. 

Province  of  New  Hamps'^    Portsm'  Nov'  17,  1749. 

In  Council  New  York,  3  April  1750. 

Ordered  that  his  Excellency  do  acquaint  Governor  Wentworth  That  this  Province  is  bounded 
Eastward  by  Connecticut  River  The  letters  Patent  from  King  Charles  the  2«i  to  the  Duke  of  York 
Expressly  granting  all  the  Lands  from  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  side  of 
Delaware  bay. 


! 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Portsmouth,  April  25*h  1750. 

Sir  I  have  the  Honour  of  your  Excellency's  letter  of  the  9">  Inst,  before  me,  in  which  you  are 
pleased  to  give  me,  the  opinion  of  His  Majesty's  Council  of  your  Government,  that  Connecticut 
River  is  the  Eastern  boundary  of  New-York  Government,  which  would  have  been  entirely  Satisfac- 
tory to  me,  on  the  Subject  of  my  Letter,  had  not  the  two  Charter  Governments  of  Connecticut,  & 
the  Massachusetts  Bay,  extended  their  bounds  many  miles  to  the  Westward  of  Said  River;  and  it 
being  the  opiniou  of  Majesty's  Council  of  this  Government,  whose  Advice  I  am  to  take  on  these 
Occasions,  tliat  New  Hampshire  had  an  equal  right  to  claim  the  Same  extent  of  Western  boundary's 
with  those  Charter  Governments,  I  had  in  consequence  of  their  Advice,  before  your  Letter  came  to 
my  hands,  granted  one  Township  due  Nortli  of  the  Massachusetts-Line,  of  the  Contents  of  Six  Miles 
Square,  and  by  measurement  twenty-four  miles,  east  of  the  City  of  Albany,  presuming  that  tliis 
Government  was  bounded  by  the  Same  North  and  South  line  with  Connecticut  and  Massachusets  Bay, 
before  it  met  with  his  Majesty's  other  Governments. ' 

Altho'  I  am  prohibited  by  liis  Majesty's  Commission  to  interfere  with  his  other  Governments,  Yet 
it  is  presumed  that  I  should  Strictly  adhere  to  the  Limits  prescribed  therein,  and  I  assure  you  that 
I  am  very  far  from  desiring  to  make  the  least  incroachment,  or  Set  on  foot  any  dispute  on  these 
points.  It  will  therefore  give  me  great  Satisfaction,  if  at  your  leisure,  you  can  inform  me  by  what 
Authority  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts-Government  claim'd  So  iar  to  the  Westward  as  they 
have  Settled,  and  in  the  mean  time  I  shall  desist  from  Making  any  further  Grants  on  the  Western 
Frontier  of  my  Government,  that  may  Iiave  the  least  probability  of  Interfering  with  your  Government. 
I  am  with  great  respect,  Sir,  Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  hum'"  servant, 

B.  Wentworth. 
1  "  In  allaaion  to  his  own  name,  be  (Gov.  Wentworth)  gave  to  this  township  the  name  of  Benning-ton." — Williams' 
Hilt.  Vermont. 


00NTR0VER8T   RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


333 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  GOV.  WENTWORTII. 

New  YoiL  June  the  6«>«  1760. 

Sir  I  have  received  your  Letter  of*  the  25U>  April  last  in  answer  to  mine  of  tlie  9'*'  of  same 
month,  respecting  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  this  province  wherein  you  desire  to  be  iuform«>d  by 
what  Authority  Connecticut  and  the  Massachtisetts  Governments  claim  so  far  to  the  westward  as 
tliey  liave  Setled. 

As  to  Connecticut,  their  Claim  is  founded  upon  an  agreement  with  this  Government,  in  or  about 
the  year  1684,  afterwards  confirmed  by  King  William;  in  Consequence  of  which  tlie  Lines  between 
the  two  Governments  were  run,  and  the  Boundaries  marked  in  tlie  year  1725,  as  appear  by  the 
Commissioners  and  Surveyors  Proceedings  of  Record  liere — But  it  is  presumed  the  Massachusetts 
Government  at  first  possessed  tliemselves  of  those  Lands  by  Intrusion,  and  thro  the  negligence 
of  this  Government,  have  liitherto  continued  their  Possession,  the  Lands  not  being  private  Property. 

From  tlie  Information  I  have,  there  is  Reason  to  apprehend  that  the  Lands  witliin  the  Township 
you  have  lately  granted,  or  part  of  them,  have  been  granted  here;  And  as  my  answer  to  your  Letter 
might  probably  have  furnished  you  with  objections  against  any  Grant  which  might  interfere  with 
this  Province  I  am  Surprised  you  did  not  wait  'till  it  came  to  hand,  before  you  proceeded  therein. 
If  it  is  still  in  your  power  to  recall  the  Grant,  your  doing  So,  will  be  but  a  piece  of  justice  to  this 
Government,  otherwise  I  shall  think  myself  obliged  to  Send  a  Representation  of  the  Matter  to  be  laid 
before  his  Majesty. 

I  am  &B 

To  Governour  Wentworth. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Portsmouth  June  22*  1750. 

Sir  As  soon  as  your  Letter  of  the  6U>  instant  came  to  my  hands,  I  tho't  it  proper  to  have  the 
Sense  of  His  Majesty's  Council  thereon,  who  were  unanimously  of  the  opinion,  not  to  commence  a 
dispute  with  your  Excellency's  Government,  respecting  the  Extent  of  Western  Boundary  to  New 
Hampshire,  until  His  Majesty's  pleasure  should  be  further  known;  Accordingly  the  Council  have 
advised,  that  I  shall  on  the  part  of  New  Hampshire  make  a  representation  of  the  matter  to  his 
Majesty,  relying  that  your  Excellency  will  do  the  Same  on  the  part  of  New  York,  &  that  whatever 
shall  be  determined  thereon,  this  Government  will  Esteem  their  duty  to  Acquiesce  in,  without  any 
further  dispute,  which  I  am  hopeing  will  be  Satisfactory  on  that  point. 

When  I  first  wrote  you  on  this  Subject,  I  tho't  I  had  given  Sufficient  time  to  receive  an  Answer 
to  my  letter,  before  I  had  fixed  the  Day  for  passing  the  grant  refer'd  to  in  )'our  Letter,  &  as  the 
persons  concern'd  therein  lived  at  a  great  distance,  it  was  inconvenient  for  them  to  be  Delay'd, 
beyond  the  appointed  time;  I  was  not  apprehensive  any  Difficulty  could  arrise  by  confineing  my  Self 
to  the  W^estern  boundarys  of  the  two  Charter  Governments,  accordingly  I  passed  the  palttnt 
about  ten  Days,  before  your  favour  of  the  6''>  of  January  1749  came  to  hand. 

There  is  no  possibility  of  vacateing  the  grant  as  you  desire,  but  if  it  falls  by  His  Majesty's  deter- 
minatioD  in  the  Government  of  I^ew  York,  it  will  be  void  of  course. 


334 


OONTBOVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE    GRANTS. 


I  shall  be  glad  the  method  I  Iiave  proposed  may  be  agreable  to  your  Province,  and  if  Submitting 
this  aBUir  to  His  Majesty,  meets  with  your  approbation  I  shall  upon  receiving  an  Answer  loose  no 
time  in  Transmitting  what  concerns  this  province  to  the  proper  Officers.    I  am  wiUi  the  greatest 

respect  Sir 

Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  humle  Servant 

B.  Wentworth. 
His  ExceUf  Governor  Clinton. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  GOV.  WENTWORTH. 

New  York  25«'' July  1750. 
Sir  I  have  taken  the  Sentiments  of  his  Majesty's  Council  on  juur  Excellency's  Letter  of  the  22 
Ulto.  respecting  tlie  extent  of  the  Western  Boundary  of  your  Government,  who  think  it  higlily 
expedient  I  should  lay  before  his  Majesty  a  Representation  of  the  Matter  on  the  part  of  tliis  province, 
and  as  you  propose  to  do  the  like  on  the  part  of  New  Hampsliire,  tliey  are  of  opinion  it  will  be  for 
the  mutual  Advantage  of  both  Governments,  if  we  exchange  Copies  of  each  otliers  Representation 
on  this  Head:  If  you  approve  of  this  I  will  Send  you  a  Copy  of  mine  accordingly. 

I  am 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  CLINTON 

Portsmouth  Sep'  2^  1750. 
Sir  Upon  my  Laying  your  favour  of  the  25»«>  July  before  His  Majesty's  Council,  it  was  advised 
agreeable  to  your  proposal,  that  Exchanges  of  the  Representations,  made  both  by  your  Excellency  & 
myself,  to  His  Majesty,  for  determ:ning  the  Boundary's  between  His  two  Governments,  might  contri- 
bute to  the  Speedy  Settlement  tliereof,  &  without  expence  on  eitlier  Side;  I  sliall  therefore,  us  Soon 
as  mine  is  perfected,  transmit  you  an  authentic  Copy  thereof,  &  shall  endeavour  to  make  it  as 
Short  and  plain,  as  the  nature  &  circumstances  of  the  matter  will  admit.    I  am  w  itli  great  thrutli  Sir 

Your  Excel' sncys  Most  Obedient  Hum'«  Servant 
His  Excell''  GoV^  Clinton  B.  Wentworth. 


REPORT  OF  THE  ATTORNEY  GENERAL  OF  NEW  YORK. 

To  his  Excellency  tlie  Honourable  George  Clinton  Captain  Generall  and  Governour  in 
Cliief  of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  Territories  thereon  depending  In  America, 
Vice  Admiral  of  the  Same,  &  Admiral  of  the  White  Squadron  of  his  Majestys 
Fleet,  In  Council. 
The  Representation  of  Richard  Bradley  Esq'  Attorney  General  of  the  province  of  New  York. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  in  obedience  to  your  Excellency's  order  in  Councill  of  the  24»h  of  July  last  past ;  I  have 
Perused  and  Considered  the  papers  laid  before  me  by  your  Excellency's  Said  order.  Relating  to  the 
Eastern  Boundarys  of  this  Province  of  New  York ;  North  of  the  western  Bounds  of  the  Colony  of 


OONTHOVEHSr    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE    GRANTS, 


8SK 


C(jnnecticut,  in  order  to  discover  and  ascertain  the  bounds  between  tiiis  Government  and  the  Gov- 
«i'iment  of  New  Hampshire,  for  wlilcli  purpose,  I  beg  leave  to  Lay  before  your  Excellency  the 
Following  Observations.  • 

Tiiat  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  Seem  to  found  their  right  of  Extending  the  bounds  of 
that  Government  Westward,  upon  the  Examples  Set  them  by  the  two  Cliarter  Governments  of 
Massaciiusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut,  and  Conclude  that  because  tliose  two  Governments  liave  extended 
tiieir  western  bounds  within  about  twenty  miles  of  Hudsons  River  that  tlierefore  tlie  province  of 
New  York  does  not  extend  further  Eftstwnrd,  and  that  the  Bounds  of  Hampsldre  Government  must 
In  Consequence  tliereof  Extend  within  tlie  Same  distance  of  the  Said  River. 

I  shall  therefore  in  the  first  place  endeavour  to  Sliew  tliat  wliat  tlie  Said  two  Charter  Govern- 
ments have  done  ought  not  to  be  of  any  weight  with  regard  to  the  Settlement  of  the  bounds  Be- 
tween this  Government  and  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  and  Sliall  afterwards  Endeavour 
to  Shew  from  Such  papers  and  materials  as  I  have  been  able  to  collect,  what  ought  to  be  considered 
as  the  bounds  of  this  Government. 

That  the  line  between  this  Government  and  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  is  within  about  20  miles 
of  Hudson's  River  is  Certain ;  but  then  the  claim  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  to  that  line,  is 
founded  upon  an  agreement  made  with  this  Government  in  or  about  the  year  1684,  which  agree- 
ment was  afterwards  Confirmed  by  King  William  and  thereupon  the  Lines  between  the  two  Govern- 
ments were  run  and  the  Bounds  marked  by  Commissioners  from  both  in  the  year  1725,  which  has 
fixed  the  Eastern  bounds  of  this  Colony  about  20.  miles  East  of  Hudson's  river,  as  far  north  as  the 
Colony  of  Connecticut  Extends  ;  but  iliat  that  Agreement  with  Connecticut  Relating  to  the  Bounds 
between  that  Government  and  this.  Should  be  made  use  of  as  a  reason  for  Confining  this  Government 
to  the  Same  lines  or  Iwunds  from  Hudson's  river  north  of  the  bounds  of  Connecticut  Government,  I 
conceive  would  be  altogether  unjust ;  Because  that  was  a  Special  agreement  between  those  two 
Governments  only,  and  had  not  any  manner  of  Relation  to  the  bounds  of  this  Government,  north 
of  the  Connecticutt  Government ;  but  left  those  bounds  in  the  Same  manner  Tliat  they  were  before 
that  agreement  Took  Place  ;  and  the  Boundaries  there  to  be  Settled  and  ascertained  upon  other 
Reasons  and  Considerations  tlian  took  place  and  were  of  weight  in  Settling  the  bounds  between  this 
and  the  Government  of  Connecticutt ;  tis  true,  that  the  Government  of  Massachusetts  bay,  liave 
under  pretence  that  this  Government  ought  to  be  Confined  to  the  Same  bounds,  Intruded  upon  and 
taken  possession  of  the  Lands  Eastward  of  that  distance  from  Hudsons  river  ;  but  that  they  have 
So  done,  without  pretence  wf  right,  I  think  will  manifestly  appear  by  Considering  the  words  of  their 
Charter  which  as  they  have  Pi-inted  it  in  tlieir  own  law  book  are  Tliese  viz  : 

"  All  that  part  of  New  England  in  America  lying  &  Extending  from  the  Great  River  Commonly 
"  called  Monomack  alias  Merimack  on  the  North  part  and  from  tliree  miles  northward  of  the  Said 
"  River  to  the  Atlantick  or  western  Sea  or  Oceon  on  tl\e  South  part  And  all  the  Lands  and  her- 
"  editaments  whatsoever  lying  within  the  Limitts  aforesaid  and  Extending  as  far  as  the  Outermost 
"  points  or  Proinontaries  of  land  called  Cape  Cod  and  Cape  Malabar  north  and  south  and  in  Latitude 
"  Breadth  and  in  length  and  Longitude  of  and  within  all  the  Breadth  &  Compass  aforesaid  throughout 
"  the  main  Land  there  from  the  said  Atlantick  or  western  Sea  and  Ocean  on  tlie  East  part  towards 
"  the  South  Sea  or  westward  as  far  as  our  Colonies  of  Rhode  Island,  Connecticut,  and  the  Nanagau- 
"  sett  Country  &c. 

These  words  seem  to  me  very  Plainly  to  Express  that  the  bounds  of  that  Government  is  to 
extend  from  the  western  ocean  on  the  East  to  the  Eastern  bounds  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  on 
the  west  and  no  further.  And  altho  that  Goverment  have  Endeavoured  to  construe  the  words  viz* 
Westward  «*  far  as  our  Colonies  of  Rhode  Island^  Connecticut  and  the  J^aragansetts  Country  ;    To 


'•-if  !,' 


i 


S8« 


CONTROVr.RST    RESPRCTINO   THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


intend  and  mean  that  the  bounds  of  that  Government  was  to  run  westward  as  far  as  the  Western 
bounds  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut.    Yet  I  think  such  construction  of  these  words  ought  not  to 
take  Place,  for  supposing  the  words  would  bear  the  construction  Contended  for  by  them,  tis  also 
Certain  they  will  bear  the  construction  contended  for  by  me  as  above  ;  and  therefore  may  be  taken 
to  two  Intents,  and  this  being  a  Grant  of  the  Crown  to  subjects,  I  conceive  ought  to  be  construed 
most  in  Favour  of  the  Crown,  because  it  is  a  standing  rule  at  Law,  that  the  Grant  of  Every  common 
person  is  Taken  more  strong  against  himself  and  more  Favourable  against  a  Stranger,  but  a  Grant  of 
the  King  is  Taken  more  strong  against  a  Stranger,  and  more  Favourable  as  to  the  King,  so  us  no 
Prejudice  shall  accrue  to  the  King  by  construction  or  Implication,  and  when  tlie  Charter  of  the 
King  may  be  Tt^ken  to  two  Intents,  r   1  both  Intents  are  of  ES'ect,  In  such  Cases  it  shall  be  Taken 
to  such  Intent  as  is  most  Beneficial  for  the  King.    I  Conclude  therefore,  that  supposing  the  above 
words  in  the  Grant  may  be  Taken  to  two  Intents  as  I  have  shewn  above,  that  as  the  Intention  or 
Construction  of  those  words  Contended  for  by  me  is  most  Beneficial  for  the  Crown,  as  Loss  of 
the  Lands  belonging  to  the  Crown  will  pass  by  such  Construction ;  I  conceive  such  construction 
ought  to  take  place  ;  and  not  tlie  Construction  contended  for  by  the  Government  of  Massachusetts 
bay  ;  and  then  the  Eastern  bounds  of  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  will  be  the  Western  Bounds  of  that 
Government,  and  of  course  all  Lands  Entred  upon  by  them  westward  of  those  Bounds  must  be 
an  Intrusion,  and  what  they  had  no  right  to  do  :    Besides  this,  it  appears  by  the  Grant  to  the 
Duke  of  York  first  made  in  the  year  1663  and  by  the  Regrant  or  confirmation  thereof  in  the  j'ear 
1674,  After  the  Dutch  Conquest  in  1673  that  King  Charles  the  Second  Granted  to  the  said  Duke 
his  heirs  and  assigns.    "  All  that  Island  or  Islands  commonly  known  by  the  name  of  mattowacks 
"  or  Long  Island  Scituate  and  being  towards  the  west  of  Cape  Cod  and  the  Narrow  Iliggaasetts 
"butting  upon  the  Main  Land  Between  the  Two  Rivers  there  called  &  known  by  the  several 
"  names  of  Connecticut  and  Hudsons  river  together  also  with  the  said  River  called  Hudsons  river 
"  and  all  the  Lands  from  the  west  side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  side  of  Delaware  Bay. 
As  by  the  record  of  the  said  Grants  in  the  Secretarys  office  of  this  province  more  fully  appears  by 
which  Grant  I  conceive  tlie  Duke  of  York  in  the  said  year  1674  became  seized  of  Hudson's  river 
even  to  the  most  Northermost  Extent  thereof  (the  whole  River  being  Expressly  Granted  to  him)  and 
of  all  the  Lands  westward  of  Connecticut  River  &c  in  ffee.    This  being  the  Case,  I  conceive  tis 
Extreamly  absurd  for  the  Government  of  Massachusetts  bay,  to  Contend  tliat  by  tlie  words  of  tlieir 
Charter  (which  was  Granted  by  King  William  in  the  Year  1693.    Long  after  the  Grant  to  the 
Duke  of  York)  tlieir  western  bounds  are  to  extend  within  20  miles  of  Hudson's  river.     Because 
from  the  time  of  the  said  Grant  to  tlie  Duke  of  York,  and  his  sending  Governours  over  to  take 
and  keep  possession  of  the  Lands  Granted  to  him,  the  Land  in  Question  became  part  of  tiiis  Gov- 
ernment, and  as  they  were  part  of  his  Grant,  and  tho'  the  Government  afterwards  Came  to  tlie  hands 
of  the  Crown,  and  Governours  were  then  appointed  by  the  Crown  who  held  the  same  for  the 
Crown  at  the  time  of  the  Grant  to  the  Massacl;usetts  Government  in  1693.    Yet  I  find  no  one 
Instance  in  which  the  Crown  has  so  much  as  Described  the  Government  by  any  Particular  Bounds 
much  less  abridged  or  confined  it  to  any  Narrower  Limitts  than  it  had  at  the  time  it  Belonged  to  the 
Duke  of  York  so  far  from  that,  that  the  Crown  has  all  along  and  continue  Even  to  this  day,  to  appoint 
Governours  of  this  province  without  Describing  it  by  any  bounds  whatever;  which  seems  plainly  to 
shew  that  the  Crown  considered  the  Bounds  of  this  Government  as  being  sufficiently  ascertained 
by  the  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  ;  and  Intended  the  Limitts  and  bounds  of  it  should  be  the  same 
it  was  in  the  Duke's  time,  but  should  the  Construction  Contended  for  by  them  take  place  ;  it  must 
suppose  that  the  Ciown  Intended  by  the  Grant  to  them,  to  Convey  part  of  this  Government  to  them 
when  at  the  same  time  it  Intended  that  this  Government  should  have  the  same  Limitts  and  htounds 


CONTUOVKUSV    KEtiPKCriNG    THE    NEW    UAMPSHIHE   ORA>TS. 


887 


Hsit  hiul  in  tlie  Time  of  the  Duke  of  York  which  as  I  snid  before,  I  think  is  very  absurd  ;  nnd  mnst 
fiullier  nmke  it  appear  that  tiie  construction  of  tlieir  Charter  as  contended  for,  by  tlieni  ;  Cannot 
be  what  ilie  Crown  Intended  by  it ;  and  must  on  the  other  liand  shew,  tliat  wliat  I  contend  for, 
must  bo  riglit,  because  by  such  Construe'     .  liiose  absurilitics  are  avoided. 

I  know  it  will  be  objected  to  this,  that  King  James  the  tirst  in  the  18'*'  year  of  liis  Reign  did  Grant 
the  land  in  Question  with  them  unto  the  Council  Establislied  at  Plymouth  in  the  County  of  Dvvim 
for  tiie  Planting  Uuling  ordering  and  Gi>verning  of  New  England  in  America  ;  and  to  their  Snccis- 
sors  and  assigns  and  That  tiiat  Council  in  tlie  third  year  of  King  Charles  the  tirst,  Granted  to  Sir  Henry 
Koswell  Sir  Jolin  Young  Knight,  Tiiomas  Southeolt  &  others  their  asigns  and  their  associates  for 
ever,  viz'.  "All  tiiat  part  of  New  England  in  America  aforesaid  which  lies  and  extends  l)etween 
"  a  great  River  there  commonly  called  Mononiack  alias  Merimack  and  a  Certain  other  River  there 
"  called  Charles  river  being  in  a  Bottom  of  a  Certain  Bay  there  commonly  Called  Massachusetts  alias 
"  Maltaehusetts  alias  Massatusetts  bay  ;  and  also  all  and  Singular  those  Lands  and  Hereditaments 
"  wliatsoever  lying  witliin  Tiie  Space  of  three  English  miles  on  the  south  part  of  the  said  Cluules 
"  River  or  of  any  and  every  part  Thereof ;  nnd  also  all  and  singidar  the  lands  and  hereditaments 
"  wliats  lever  lying  and  lieing  witliin  the  space  of  Three  English  miles  to  tlie  Southward  of  the  South- 
"  ennost  part  of  tlie  Said  Bay,  called  Massacliusetts  alias  Mattachusetts  alias  Massatusetts  bay  ;  and 
"  also  all  those  lands  and  hereditaments  whatsoever  wlJcIi  lye  and  be  witliin  tlie  space  of  Tluee 
"  English  miles  to  the  Northward  of  tlie  said  River,  Called  Monoraack  alias  Merimack  or  the  North- 
"  ward  of  any  or  every  part  Thereof,  and  all  Lands  and  Hereditaments  whatsoever  lying  within  tlie 
"  Limits  aforesaid  North  and  South  in  Latitude  and  in  Breadth  and  in  Length  and  Longitude  of 
"and  within  all  tlie  Breadtli  aforesaid,  tliroughout  the  main  Lands  there,  from  the  Atlantick  and 
"  Western  Sea  and  Ocean  and  on  the  East  Part,  to  the  South  Sea  on  the  West  part  &c.  in  llee." 
Which  tliey  Say  Includes  the  Land  Entered  upon  by  them,  and  that  the  Said  Lands  were  Confirmed 
to  tliein  by  King  Charles  the  first  in  tlie  Iburtli  year  of  his  Reign,  and  tho'  that  Grant  was  afterwards 
vacated  in  the  year  1C84,  In  chancery  ;  yet  tliat  they  were  Seized  of  those  Lands  by  virtue  of  that 
grant,  at  the  time  of  the  Grant  to  tlie-Duke  ;  and  Therefore  that  the  Duke  of  York  could  not  take 
them  by  virtue  of  his  Grant  and  tliey  wereHlierefore  Granted  well  to  them  by  tlie  Charter  in  1(193. 

To  which  I  answer,  that  the  Patent  to  the  Council  of  Devon  &c.  Contains  this  Proviso.  "  Provided 
"  also  that  tlie  Said  Lands  Islands  or  any  the  Premises  by  the  Said  Letters  Patents  Intended  and 
"  mean^.  to  be  Granted  were  not  then  actually  possessed  or  Inhabited  by  any  other  Christian  prince 
"  or  State  &c. 

And  the  patent  from  King  Charles  the  first  T5  their  Grantees  contains  this  Prfiviso. 

"  Provided  always  that  if  the  Said  Lands  Islands  or  any  the  Premisses  before  mentioned  and  by  the 
"  Said  Letters  patents  Last  mentioned  Intended  and  meant  to  be  Granted — were  at  the  time  of  the 
"  Granting  of  the  Said  Former  Letters  Patents  Dated  the  3^  day  of  November  In  the  Eighteenth  year 
"  of  the  Reign  of  his  Late  Majesty  King  James  the  first,  actually  possessed  or  Inhabited  by  any 
"  other  Christian  Prince  or  State,  &c. 

That  as  to  those  parts  the  Said  Letters  Patents  Should  be  void  &c. 

By  which  it  appears  that  any  Land  &<=  possessed  or  Inhabited  by  any  other  Christian  Prince  or 
State  did  not  pass  by  any  or  Either  of  the  said  Grants,  and  it  appears  by  Ogelby's  America  and 
tlie  Bock  Intituled  the  British  Empire  in  America  that  Henry  Hudson  discovered  this  Province 
about  the  year.  1608  and  soon  after  his  Discovery  Sold  it  to  the  Dutch,  who  soon  after  and  long 
before  the  above  Grants,  actually  possessed  themselves  of  it,  and  by  the  Dutch  West  India  Company 
settled  a  Colony  here  &  called  it  New  Netherland,  how  far  Indeed  the  Dutch  Extended  their  Claim 
does  not  Clearly  at  this  day  appear  to  me  but  'tis  very  probable,  that  as  they  Extended  the  same  to 
Vol..  IV.  43 


•■:p 


3S8 


COMTaOVUWY    BWPXCTINO   THE  MKW   HAMntllHE  OHA>Tt. 


the  South  as  far  as  Delaware  River  they  also  Claimed  North  Easterly  as  far  as  Connecticut  River 
near  which  I  doubt  not  it  may  be  made  appear  many  Dutch  people  were  setlltd  and  I  U«lie\e 
that  River  was  in  the  dutcli  Time  Called  by  the  mime  of  tlie  Nortli  Uiver,  us  Deluwiire  Itivt-r  wus 
by  the  name  of  the  South  River,  on  which  'tis  Certuiu  many  Dutch  were  SeltltHl,  ami  this  Ai'iiears 
the  more  Probable  for  that  at  Albany  they  Settled  anotlier  Colony  l)y  tlie  name  of  tlie  U.tloiiy  of 
Rensselaer  Wyck;  the  Boundaries  of  widch  tho'  uncertain  at  tliis  day ;  must  witli«>ut  Doubt  as 
'twas  a  Colony  liave  also  Extended  from  one  River  to  the  otlier,  uiul  also  Ibr  tliat  tlie  Grant  from 
King  Charles  the  Second  to  his  Brotlier  the  Duke  of  York;  Seems  to  be  intended  as  a  Grunt  to  him 
of  what  he  recovered  from  the  Dutch;  lor  in  the  Year  IGtiO,  or  Tiiere  abouts,  King  Charles  the 
Second  sent  Sir  Robert  Carr  with  forces  to  Disposses  the  Dutch  of  tlieir  Settlements  liere  which  he 
succeeded  in;  and  about  three  years  alter,  this  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  was  made;  which 
seems  to  me  to  carry  a  strong  Presumption  that  those  Lands  so  granted  were  what  weic  Tliere 
known  to  have  been  the  Claim  of  the  Dutch,  which  they  nnist  have  been  much  Better  uc(|uaintt'd 
with  at  that  day,  than  I  can  possibly  be  supposed  to  be  at  this  time  and  Indeed  it  is  very  lin[)ruba- 
ble  That  tlie  duke  of  York  should  at  that  day  wlien  the  Lands  were  of  so  Little  value,  take  u  Grunt 
of  these  lands  in  the  manner  he  did,  which  he  must  have  been  very  Sensil)le  must  Interfere  witli 
the  Former  Grunt  made  to  the  Grantees  of  the  Coiuicil  of  Devon;  upon  any  other  Supposition  tiian 
that  it  was  well  known  at  tliat  time  that  these  lands  being  in  the  possession  of  and  Claimed  by  tiie 
Dutch  were  Expressly  witliin  tlie  provinces  of  the  said  Former  Grants,  and  therefore  could  not 
pass  by  the  patent  to  the  Council  of  Devon  &<=,  nor  by  the  future  Grunt  to  their  Grantees,  from 
these  observations  I  think  it  follows  tliat  tliese  Ian*'.?.  Granted  to  tlie  Duke  were  never  grunted 
to  the  Council  oi  Devon  or  their  Grantees  being  within  the  Express  words  of  the  Provisoes  in  those 
Grants;  but  that  they  became  al'terwards  well  vested  in  the  Crown  by  the  Conquest  mode  of  them 
from  the  Dutch;  by  Sir  Robert  Carr  in  the  year  1G60.  and  by  their  final  Surrender  of  them  to  King 
Cliarles  the  Second  by  tlie  Treaty  of  Breda  after  the  dutch  Conquest  in  1673.  and  then  tlie  Grant  to 
the  Duke  of  York  in  the  year  1G74.  a!)ove  mentioned  must  have  vested  tiie  ffce  of  tlicse  lands  in 
the  Duke  of  York.  The  Consequence  uf  which,  must  be  that  as  the  Crown  after  this  Government 
Came  into  its  hands,  never  Granted  any  part  of  it  away  (for  the  reason  I  have  shown  above)  that 
the  Government  of  Massachusetts  Bay  by  their  Grunt  in  1(J93,  Can  have  no  Legal  Riglit  to  the 
Lands  Entred  upon  by  them  Nortluvard  of  tiie  bounds  of  Connecticut  Government,  and  westward 
of  Connecticutt  river;  and  Therefore  tlieir  Enlring  into  &  taking  possession  of  tlieni,  witliout 
Riglit,  Cannot  be  a  reason  wliy  tlie  Government  of  New  Hampshire  should  do  tiie  like.  Upon 
tlie  wliole,  I  think  it  appe.irs  Clearly  that  the  Examples  sett  by  the  Governments  of  Connecticut 
and  Massacliusetts  Bay,  are  not,  nor  ought,  to  be  Considered  as  any  Reasons  why  the  Government 
of  New  Hampshire  should  Extend  tlieir  Bounds  as  far  westward  as  the  first  hath,  and  the  Latter 
pretends  Rightfully  to  have  done. 

Having  thus  Considered  the  diificulty  arising  in  the*  Case;  from  the  Claims  made  by  the  Said 
two  Charter  Governments  I  come  now  to  consider  what  ought,  I  Conceive,  to  be  Taken  as  tlie 
Eastern  Bounds  of  this  Government  Northward  of  Connecticut  Goverment  with  Regard  to  which  I 
observe,  that  it  appears  by  the  first  and  Second  Grants  to  the  Duke  of  York  ;  the  First  belbre,  and 
the  Second  after,  the  dutch  Conquest ;  in  tlio  year  1C74,  tliat  all  the  Lands  westward  of  Connec- 
ticut River  were  vested  in  tlie  Duke  of  York.  It  appears  by  the  records  of  this  Province,  that  the 
Duke  of  York,  In  pursuance  of  liis  right,  actually  Sent  over  Governours  to  take  and  keep  possession 
of  wliat  Belonged  to  him  in  America,  who  Accordingly  Entred  upon  and  took  possession  of  this 
Government  for  liim  ;  and  tho'  they  did  not  actually  settle  upon  the  Northern  Parts  of  the  Gov- 
ernment, yet  as  they  Settled  the  Southern  part  of  it  tmder  his  Right ;  I  conceive  it  was  and  ought 


coimorERaT  hkspectiwo  rm  mtw  hamtchire  flRAim. 


SS« 


to  be  Considered  as  a  possession  of  the  wliole,  nnd  tlint  tlio  duke  of  York  thereby  became 
nctimlly  possessed  of  tlio  wliole  lands  Omnted  to  lilm,  and  that  the  whole  Iherctipon  become  part 
of  this  Government,  under  the  duke  of  York  ;  and  Therefore  that  Connecticut  River  is  tta\y  auH 
Truly  tlie  Eastern  Bounds  of  tills  Colony. 

Tis  True  tliat  by  the  Abdication  of  the  Crown  by  the  Duke  of  York  ;  afterwards  in  the  year  1688  ; 
this  Government  became  vesled  in  tlie  Crown  (If  not  before)  but  I  believe  no  record  or  other 
writing  Can  i)e  produced,  whereby  it  Can  !)e  made  appear,  that  tlie  Crown  Ever  Intended  to  abridge 
the  Nortliern  bounds  of  this  Government  or  to  confine  it  to  any  Bounds  ;  but  what  it  had,  when 
under  the  Government  of  tlie  Duke  of  York  ;  w  hence  I  conclude  Tiiat  tlie  bounds  of  this  Qovernroent 
Continue  Still  the  Same  as  in  his  time  ;  Except  where  they  may  have  been  altered  as  above  by 
Agieement  that  it  Extends  to  Connecticut  River ;  and  Therelbre  that  the  Government  of  New 
Hampshire,  which  is  to  Extend  westward  till  it  meets  with  his  Majestys  other  Governments,  and 
no  fartlier  ;  must  Terminate  at  that  Uiver  ;  as  its  utmost  western  Boundary. 

I  am  very  Sensible  ;  may  it  Please  your  Excellency  ;  that  the  above  Representation,  Relating  to 
the  Eastern  bounds  of  this  Government,  is  very  Imperfect ;  being  framed  only  on  the  few  papers 
and  materials  I  have  been  able  to  collect,  at  this  time  ;  Relating  to  a  matter,  whicli  I  must  confess, 
myself,  very  much  unacquainted  with.  But  hope  these  few  Hints,  may  be  of  Some  use  in  the  affair, 
and  doubt  nut  but  his  Majesty's  Surveyor  General,  who  I  suppose  is  much  Better  acquainted 
with  tlie  Bounds  of  this  government,  tiiun  I  can  pretend  to  be ;  will  give  your  Excellency  muoh 
further  Light  Relating  to  them. 

I  am  Your  Excellencys  most  Obedient  Humble  Servant 

R.  Bradley. 

(Endorsed)    Attorney  Generals  report  in  the  Case  between  New  York  &,  New  Hampshire. 


H: 


SURVEYOR  GENERAL'S  OBSERVATIONS  ON  MR.  BRADLEY'S  REPORT. 

New  York  Oct' lit''  1751. 
Gent"  You  were  pleased  on  the  9"'  instant  to  desire  me  to  put  in  writing  some  thoughts  which 
then  occurred  to  me  on  the  subject  matter  of  a  representation  of  the  late  Attorney  Gen'  respecting 
the  eastern  boundary  of  this  Province.  In  obedience  thereto  I  shall  observe  that  as  the  Soil  of  both 
the  provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  is  now  vested  in  the  Croun  the  King  may  fix  the 
boundary  between  these  his  two  Governments  at  his  pleasure  on  which  it  may  be  proper  to  iv;mark. 

1.  That  the  line  lately  run  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshires  to  Hudson's  River  ps  their 
Southern  boundary  comes  (as  I  am  informed)  within  8  or  1 0  miles  of  the  City  of  Albany,  That  so  far 
as  I  can  learn  Albany  is  a  place  more  considerable  in  the  numbers  of  its  inhabitants  &  for  trade 
(having  a  communication  by  water  with  tlie  Sea  for  vessels  of  Burthen)  than  any  tcun  in  New 
Hampshire  and  that  the  parts  of  the  country  lying  between  Connecticut  river  &  Hudscns  river  are 
nearer  to  Albany  than  to  any  Port  or  place  of  trade  in  New  Hampshire. 

2.  In  time  of  war  incursions  on  this  Province  by  the  French  &  French  Indians  have  been  generally 
made  througli  that  part  of  the  country  between  Connecticut  river  &  Hudson's  river.  For  both 
tliese  reasons  it  must  be  more  for  the  benefite  &  security  of  the  inhabitants  of  that  part  of  the 
Country  between  these  two  rivers  as  well  as  for  the  security  of  the  other  parts  of  the  Province  of  New 
York  that  the  country  between  the  said  rivers  continue  under  the  Government  of  New  York. 

Besides  these  considerations  from  the  publick  utility  it  may  be  remarked 


i       t 


'i 


840 


CONTROVEMY    RUPRCTINO    THE    NEW    IIAMPIIIIRC   ORANTI. 


3.  That  gevpral  tracts  of  land  to  the  Eaitwnrd  of  lliulnon'si  River  &  abovft  twenty  miles  digtant 
from  it  towards  tlie  Mussuchiisetts  hay  arc  lield  by  tli(>  inliabltatits  of  Now  York  by  grant  front  the 
Uovernotirs  thereof  &  paying  yearly  rents  to  the  Crown  ;  and  likewise  several  otiier  tracts  tu  tlie 
Nortlnvard  of  tlio  line  run  by  New  Hampshire  as  their  Soiitliern  boundary  and  ulmve  twenty  miles 
eastward  from  hudson's  river  are  in  like  manner  held  by  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Province  of 
New  York. 

4.  That  if  his  Majesty  assert  his  right  to  the  soil  within  his  Province  of  New  York  as  far  east 
as  Connecticut  river  against  the  Intrusions  of  tlie  Massachusetts  bay  it  would  greatly  cncreiiso  his 
revenue  arising  from  the  Quitrent  of  lands. 

This  is  all  which  has  occurred  to  me  as  proper  to  be  added  to  the  Attorney  Generals  rei)resentation 
which  is  submitted  to  the  other  Gentlemen  of  the  Committee. 

Cadwallaukh  Colukn. 
(Endorsed)  Cadwallader  Coklen's  observations  ? 
on  the  representation  of  the  Atty  Gen'       S 


Extract  from  the  Attorney  and  Solicitor  Generals  Report  Dated  August  the  \V*>  1752. 

On  tlie  State  of  the  Case  with  respect  to  Certain  Townships  and  Tracts  of  Land 

Granted  by  the  Governments  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut  in  New 

England. 

"  There  are  also  al)out  60,000  Acres  of  Land  situated  on  the  West  Side  of  Connecticut  River 

whicli  were  purchased  by  private  persons  from  the  Government  of  Connecticut,  to  whom  that  Land 

had  been  laid  out  by  the  Government  of  the  Massachusets  Bay  as  un  Equivalent  for  two  or  three 

Townsliips  wlilcli  the  Massachusetts  Bay  purchosed  from  Connecticut  Government.     This  Tract 

of  Liuid  by  the  Determination  of  the  Boundary  Line  in  1738,  is  become  a  part  of  New  Hampshire, 

but  the  proprietors  of  it  are  subject  to  no  conditions  of  Improvement,  and  the  Land  lies  waste  and 

uncultivated." 


SECRETARY  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE  TO  THE  AGENT  OF  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 

Whitehall  Decern'  22<i  1752. 
Sir  I  am  directed  by  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  &  Plantations  to  send  you  the  Inclosed 
Extract  of  M'  Wentworth's  Letter  to  tlieir  Lordships  containing  his  Proposal  for  running  a  Boundary 
Line  between  tlie  Provinces  of  New  York  &  New  Hampshire  &  to  desire  that  you  would  transmit 
the  same  to  your  Constituents  by  tlie  first  Opportunity,  that  their  Lordships  maybe  informed  of  their 
sentiments  upon  it  as  soon  as  possible. 

I  am,  Sir  Your  most  humble  servant 

Thqi  Hill. 
Robert  Charles  Esq'  Agent  for 
the  Province  of  New  York 


t> 


C»NTROVEIlllV    KKSPrCTINn    THK    NttW    HAMPRIIIKR   nRANTI. 


841 


[Rnctnnir*.) 

Copy  Extract  of  a  Lf-tter  ri<»m  ncmiliiR  Weiitwartli  »q' Governor  of  New  Hiimpslilrr,  lo 
the  Hoiiil  of  Trail*'  Da'.t.l  -ilV'  of  Murfli  175011. 

As  the  Extent  of  thu  Wrsti-rn  &  Nortlu'iii  IJ.. miliary  of  N»'\v  llatnimiiirr  <'iitir«'ly  (Ifprmls  on  lILi 
MiiJi'Sfy's  I'lrasun-,  I  need  only  ImI'tiii  ymir  l.or(l!ihl|is  tiiat  ConinilfislitnMH  from  thr  Crown  lime 
>i)'lili>(l  ihtt  liouniiary  hctwrcn  Ntnv  York  nntl  ('iinni'ctirnt  at  twenty  iuIIch  Ea<*t  of  ilu<l<ion!i  Itivi  r, 
Tlic  Massacliusctts  Hay  have  allowttl  the  (iovrrntni'iit  i>f  Now  York  to  «xl«'iul  lh»  Ir  Claim  also  Iwrnty 
niilt's  Kiist  of  Hudson!)  Klvrr,  and  have  carried  mi  tiuir  Sfttlcmcntit  in  Conforndty  tluMTiiuto.  One 
Uancsslacr  claims  twenty  IWur  ndhs  sijiiare  on  tlie  Kattl,  &  twenty  limr  miles  siinarecm  the  VV«»t 
Hide  of  l(u<lsonM  Hiver,  a  Traot  of  l.and  sullieient  for  tidrty  two  Townships  of  six  Miles  Sijiiare 
each  &  compruhendii  more  f;*^id  Land,  than  any  other  Kiihjeet  in  His  Majenly's  Dondnionx,  hut 
Henesslaer  has  not  thought  lU  to  contend  with  the  Massacliiisetts  for  the  four  ndles,  presuniing  it 
will  1)0  His  Majesty's  Pleasure,  that  a  North  &  South  Line  siiould  divide  both  the  Massaejinsets 
and  New  Hanii)shire  from  the  Oovcrnnient  of  New  York  I  have  extended  the  Western  Uoinidary 
of  New  (lunipshire  as  far  West  as  the  Massachusets  have  done  theirs,  that  is,  within  twenty  Miles 
of  Iludsons  Hiver.  It  will  ulso  be  for  the  I'eace  and  lienelU  of  both  (jovernnients.  If  it  should 
bo  His  Majesty's  I'leasure  to  deterndnc  the  Northern  as  well  as  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  New  York, 
that  it  may  be  ascertained  how  many  Miles  North  of  the  City  of  Albany  that  Government  extends, 
as  it  will  in  its  Northern  k  Eastern  Houndary  interfere  with  the  Western  JJoiuidary  of  New  Hamp- 
shire which  will  keen  both  Governments  from  extending  their  Settlements  beyontl  their  own  Houn- 
daries,  &  be  ei-.:<ly  submitted  to  before  the  Inhabitants  have  improved  the  Lands  in  virtue  of  Grants 
from  either  Or  ve.  nment. 

It  will  be  necessary  to  inform  your  Lordships  that  the  Government  of  New  York  was  founded 
on  a  Grant  made  by  the  Crown  to  the  Duke  of  York,  &  that  it  was  to  commence  at  the  Sea,  and 
run  sixty  miles  North  into  the  Country,  which  Line  will  cross  Hudson's  Uiver  about  twenty  Miles 
South  of  the  city  of  Albany. 

(Endorsed)    23<i  March  1750|1  Extract  of  a  liCtter  from  Gov'  Wentworth  to  the  Lords  of 
Trade. 


REPORT  OP  THE  COUNCIL. 

To  the  Honorable  James  Dolancey  Esq'  Ids  majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Com- 
mander in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories 
depending  thrreon  in  America. 
The  Representation  of  the  Committee  of  his  Majesty's  Council  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York 
and  the  Commissioners  appointed  to  examine  into  the  Eastern  Boundaries  of  the  said 
province. 
May  it  please  your  Honour 

Among  the  Papers  laid  before  us  relative  to  the  dispute  between  this  Government  and  the 
Provinces  of  New  Hampshire  and  Massauchets  Bay  touching  their  Extent  of  Boundary  We  find  an 
Extract  of  a  Letter  from  Govern  ir  Wentworth  to  the  Board  of  Trade  dated  the  23>1  of  March 
175011  containing  a  Proposal  for  setting  a  Partition  Line  between  New  York  and  New  Hampsliire 
Which  Extract  together  with  a  Letter  from  the  agent  for  this  Colony  and  the  Copy  of  a  Letter  from 


349 


CONTROVERSY    RESPF.CTIMO    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS 


the  Secretary  to  the  Board  of  Trade  to  our  Agen*  "'ere  some  time  since  transmitted  to  M'  Clinton 
lute  Governor  of  this  province  that  tlieir  Lordships  might  be  informed  of  the  sentiments  of  tliis 
Government  thereupon  On  wliich  we  Immbly  beg  leave  to  represent  to  your  Honour. 

Tliat  on  the  3'  day  of  Aprill  1750,  Governour  Clinton  Laid  before  tlie  Couucill  of  tliis  province 
u  Letter  from  Governour  Wentwortli,  desireiug  information  how  I'ar  north  of  Albany  this  province 
extends,  iiihI  liow  many  miles  to  tlie  Eastward  of  Hudson's  Kiver,  To  the  Nortliward  of  tlie  Massa- 
cluisetts  Line  ;  that  lie  might  Govern  liimself  accordingly  in  the  Grants  lie  was  to  make  In  New 
Hainpsliire  and  tliat  tlie  Couucill  of  this  province  then  advised  Governour  Clinton  ;  To  acquaint 
Governour  Wentworth  in  answer  to  Ins  said  Letter,  that  this  province  is  bounded  Eastward  By  Con- 
necticut river ;  the  Letters  Patent  from  King  Charles  the  Second  to  tlie  Duke  of  York,  Expressly 
granting  all  the  lands  from  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  river,  to  the  East  side  of  Delaware  Bay. 

That  on  the  lifth  of  June  1750  Governour  Clinton  Laid  before  the  Councill  of  this  province  a 
Letter  from  Governour  Wentworth  of  Aprill  25"',  owning  the  receipt  of  Governour  Clinton's  Letter, 
with  the  said  opinion  of  the  Councill,  which  he  declares  would  have  l)een  satisfactory,  had  not  the 
two  Charter  Governments  of  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  extended  their  Bounds  many 
miles  to  the  westward  of  the  said  river ;  and  requesting  to  Be  informed  by  what  Authority 
Connecticut  and  the  Massachusetts  Governments  claimed  so  far  to  the  Westward ;  Whereupon  the 
Councill  advised  Governour  Clinton  to  acquaint  Governour  Wentworth,  tliat  the  claim  of  the  Gov- 
ernment of  Connecticut  was  founded  on  an  Agreement  witli  this  Government,  in  or  about  the  year 
1684,  afterwards  confirmed  By  King  William;  But  that  as  to  the  Massachusetts  Settlements  so  far 
to  the  Westward,  it  was  presumed  they  were  first  made  By  Intrusion,  and  since  continued  thro'  Mie 
Neglect  of  this  Government. 

That  on  the  24"'  day  of  July  1750  Governour  Clinton  Laid  before  the  Councill  of  this  province 
a  Letter  from  Governour  Wentworth  of  the  22''  of  June,  advising  he  had  Communicated  Governour 
Clinton's  Letter,  with  the  Said  Last  opinion  of  the  Councill  of  this  province,  to  his  Majesty's  Councill 
of  the  province  of  New  Hampshire  who  were  of  opuiion  and  advised,  that  he  should  on  the  part  of 
New  Hampshire,  make  a  Representation  of  the  matter  to  his  Majesty :  Relying  that  Governour 
Clinton  would  do  the  same  on  the  part  of  New  York.  On  which  the  Coimcill  of  this  province 
advised  Governor  Clinton,  To  make  a  Representation  to  his  Majesty  on  the  part  of  this  province, 
and  To  acquaint  Governour  Wentworth  with  such  his  Intentions,  and  that  it  would  be  for  the  mutual 
advantage  of  Both  Governments,  if  they  exchange  Coppys  of  each  others  Representation  To  liis 
Majesty  on  that  head  ;  and  thereupon  it  was  ordered,  that  coppys  of  all  Letters  and  i)apers  Lately 
passed  between  Governour  Clinton  and  Governour  Wentworth,  relating  to  the  Boundaries  of  the 
Two  Governments,  and  a  Coppy  of  that  order  should  be  forthwitii  prepared  and  delivered  To  his 
Majesty's  then  Attorney  General  of  this  province,  to  prepare  and  Lay  Belbre  Gov'  Clinton  a  proper 
State  of  the  case  with  all  Convenient  Speed. 

That  Governour  AVentworth  by  his  Letter  to  Governour  Clinton  of  September  2''  1750  Expresses 
himself  in  these  wonls  "  Sir  upon  my  Laying  your  lavour  of  the  25"'  July  Before  his  Majesty's 
"  Councill,  it  was  Advised  agreeable  To  your  proposal,  that  E-  changes  of  the  Representations  made 
"  Botli  By  Your  Excellency  and  myself,  To  his  Majesty  lor  Determining  The  Boundarys  Between 
"  his  Two  Gcjvernments,  might  Confiihute  to  tlie  Speedy  Settlement  thereof,  and  without  Expence 
"  on  Either  side.  I  shnll  therefore  as  soon  us  mine  is  perfected  Trunsmitl  you  un  authenliek  Coppy  thereof, 
"and  shall  Indeavour  To  make  it  as  short  and  plain  as  the  Nature  and  Circumstances  of  tlie  case 
"  will  admit."  Upon  which  I^etter  we  btg  leave  to  observe  that  we  are  well  assured  no  coppy  of 
any  Representation  liy  Governour  Wentworth  on  that  matter  ever  came  To  Governour  Clintons 
hands,  untill  we  received  tlie  abovementioned  Extract  of  a  Letter  from  M'  Wentworth  to  the  Board 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


343 


of  Trade  the  date  of  which  is  Less  than  Seven  months  after  Governour  Wentworths  promise  in  his 
Letter  to  Governour  Clinton  last  mentioned  and  we  have  the  more  reason  to  Believe  that  no  Coppy 
of  tliat  Representation  was  sent  by  Governour  Wentworth  To  Governour  Clinton,  Because  no 
mention  is  tliereiu  made  of  its  being  So  Communicated. 

That  in  pursuance  of  tlie  Order  of  the  24'>>  of  July  1750  the  Then  Attorney  Generall  of  this 
province  prepared  and  delivered  a  Representation  to  Governour  Clinton  Concerning  the  Eastern 
Boundarys  of  this  province  which  was  read  in  Councill  the  29'''  day  of  September  1750  and  Referred 
To  a  Committee  of  the  Councill  or  any  tliree  of  them  to  consider  : 

That  on  the  IS**"  of  October  1751  the  Committee  to  whom  the  Said  Representation  was  Referred, 
Reported  to  Governour  Clinton  and  Councill  their  approbation  thereof,  and  it  was  then  approved  of  in 
Councill  and  Ordered  To  Be  Entered  in  the  minutes  thereof  Togetlier  with  a  Letter  from  the 
Surveyor  Generall  of  this  Province  on  the  same  subject  which  were  both  entered  on  the  minutes 
of  the  Councill  accordingly. 

We  now  Beg  Leave  to  make  a  few  remarks  on  Governour  Wentworth's  Letter  to  the  Board  of 
Trade  wliich  (had  he  Complyed  with  his  promise  made  in  his  Letter  of  September  2"*  1750)  might 
probably  have  Been  Rendered  needless  To  have  Been  Considered  by  the  Board  of  Trade  :  lor  tliis 
Government  would  thereby  have  had  an  opportunity  of  setting  him  right,  in  Sundry  matters  in  which 
we  shall  Remark  he  was  mistaken  by  his  said  Representation. 

1st  xho'  the  Eastern  Boundarys  of  this  province  and  the  Western  Boundarys  of  New  Hampshire 
so  far  as  tlicy  Bound  on  one  another  (Being  Both  under  his  Majesty's  immediate  government) 
iutirely  depend  on  his  Majesty's  pleasure.  Yet  as  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  this  Province,  was  by 
the  Grant  of  King  Cliarles  the  Second  to  the  Duke  of  York,  1663—1,  fixed  at  Connecticut  river,  now 
near  ninety  year  ago,  where  it  has  ever  since  remained  So  far  as  Concerns  New  Hampshire,  we 
humbly  Conceive  that  his  Majesty  will  make  no  alteration  of  the  Bounds  therof  without  sufficient 
Reasons,  and  we  know  not  of  any,  nor  has  Governour  Wentworth  pointed  out  any.  But  sundry  Reasons 
appear  against  any  alteration,  which  are  particularly  Set  forth  in  the  Surveyor  Gencralls  Letter 
Entered  in  the  minutes  of  Councill  of  Oct'  18,  1751. 

2'"y  Governour  Wentworth  is  pleased  To  Say  that,  "  the  Massachusetts  Bay  have  allowed  the 
Government  of  New  York  To  extend  their  Claim  also  Twenty  miles  East  of  Hudson's  River." 
On  whicli  we  observe  tliat  this  is  a  Very  new  kind  of  Title  tliat  Governour  Wentworth  says  his 
Majesty  has  to  a  great  part  of  this  his  province  the  allowance  of  his  Subjects  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay, 
We  apprehend  that  no  good  Title  can  be  witliin  his  Majestys  Dominions  But  under  valid  Grants 
of  the  Crown,  and  know  of  no  valid  Grant  that  Massachusetts  Bay  have  to  any  Soil  or  Jurisdiction 
west  of  Connecticut  River,  and  that  they  have  none  appears  in  a  Strong  Light  by  a  Report  approved 
in  the  Councill  of  this  province  on  the  20''*  of  ffebruary  Last  (which  contains  the  substance  of  and 
more  than  tlie  Attorney  Generals  Representation  before  mentioned)  which  has  been  Communicated 
to  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  To  wliich  no  direct  answer  has  as  yet  Been  given, 
tho  again  and  again  requested. 

3iiiy  We  think  that  Governour  Wentworth  has  Been  greatly  misinformed  as  to  the  Manor  of 
Renselaerswyck,  By  his  suggesting  that  it  is  claimed  By  one  person,  whereas  great  numbers  of  persons 
are  owners  of  lands  witliin  it  and  the  whole  city  of  Albany  Situated  within  the  Boundaries  of  it. 

Again. 
We  know  of  no  such  Extent  of  Land  within  this  province  that  has  so  much  bad  land  in  it  as  the 
Manor  of  Renselaerswyck.     Also  the  principal  owner  of  that  Manor  Renselaerswyck  is  an  infant 
and  unable  to  contend  with  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  But  his  Guardian  hath  Lately  petitioned  th» 


m 


3J4 


CONTROVCHSV    RESPKCriNU    THE   ^EW    HAHFSHIKR   GRANTS. 


Legislature  of  this  province  ugainst  the  lucroachiuents  Both  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  aud  New 
Hampshire  on  his  pupills  Estate. 

4'hiy  Governour  Wentworth  is  pleased  to  express  himself  thus,  "  presuming  it  will  Be  his  Miijes- 
ty's  pleasure  that  a  North  and  South  line  should  divide  botli  the  Massachusetts  and  New  Hampshire 
from  the  Government  of  New- York"  On  which  we  Observe  that  had  Governour  Wentwortii  been 
Informed,  as  We  Believe  tlie  Truth  is,  that  a  North  and  South  Line  from  the  Northwest  Corner 
of  Connecticut  Colony  would  have  Crossed  Hudson's  lliver,  some  miles  Southward  or  Below  the 
City  of  Albany,  and  would  Leave  that  City,  and  a  great  part  of  Hudson's  River,  To  the  Eastward  of 
that  Line,  he  could  have  had  no  reason  for  advancing  that  Presumption,  and  the  rather,  had  lie 
Been  informed,  as  tlie  fact  Is,  that  the  Dutcli  Settled  Albany  by  the  name  of  ffort  Orange  and  had  a 
ifort  and  Garrison  there  about  140  years  agoe,  many  years  before  tlie  Grant  to  tlie  Councill  of 
Plymouth  under  which  the  Massachusetts  Bay  had  their  first  Claim. 

S'hiy  Governour  Wentworth  is  pleased  to  Say.  "I  have  extended  the  Western  Boundary  of 
"  New  Hainpsliire  as  far  West  as  the  Massacliusetts  Bay  have  done  theirs,  that  is  within  Twenty  miles 
"  of  Hiuison's  River"  On  whicli  we  Beg  Leave  to  observe  tliat  his  having  done  so,  after  Being 
iuforincd  of  the  Boundavjs  of  this  province  by  the  Minute  of  Councill  of  the  3''  of  April  1750 
before  mentioned,  and  liy  tiie  Minute  of  June  5""  1750  that  the  Massachnsetts  Settlements  Westward 
of  tliose  Buundarys,  were  made  By  Intrusion,  is  very  Extraordinary  :  and  we  are  further  of 
Opinion  tliat  the  Intrusions  of  the  Massacliusetts  Bay  witliiu  this  province,  Could  be  no  good  reason 
for  Governour  Wentworth  to  Conimitt  the  Like. 

G"''y  We  appreliend  that  New  Hampsliire  has  no  concern  with  the  Northern  Bonndarys  of  New 
Yolk  Because  we  Conceive  that  the  Nortli  Two  degrees  West  line,  the  Eastern  Boundary  of  New 
Ilaiiipshire  will  (if  M'  Pople's  Large  map  be  right)  Intersect  Connecticut  River,  the  Enstern  Boun- 
dary of  tliis  province ;  and  if  so,  then  New  Hampsliire  is  bounded  to  tlie  West  and  North  By 
Connecticut  River 

7"'i>'  Governour  Wentworth  has  been  greatly  misinformed.  Concerning  the  patents  made  by  the 
Crown,  To  the  Duke  of  York.  Viz.  of  March  121"  1C63|4  and  June  29"'  1674  Botli  which  do  grant 
to  liiin  in  flee,  "  All  that  Island  or  Islands  Commonly  called  by  the  several  name  or  names  of 
"  Matowacks  or  Long  Island,  Situate  and  being  towards  the  West  of  Cape  Codd,  and  the  Narrow 
"  Higgansettes  abutting  upon  tlie  Main  Land  Between  the  Two  rivers  there  called  or  known  By  the 
"  several  names  of  Connecticut  and  Hudson's  River  Together  also  witli  the  said  River  Called  Hud- 
"  son's  river  and  all  tlie  Land  from  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of  Delaware 
"  Bay,"'  and  tliere  is  notiiing  in  eitlier  of  tliose  patents  (which  are  all  we  ever  lieard  of)  that  Could 
give  the  Least  Colour  or  Groinid,  for  Governour  Wentworth's  suggestion  that  the  Dukes  Grant 
Coiniiunces  at  the  Sea,  and  runs  only  sixty  miles  North  into  the  Country:  and  was  that  Grant  sucli 
as  M'  Wentworth  imagines  it  to  be  tlie  North  Bounds  of  it  would  Cross  Hudson's  River  above  100 
miles  South  of  (jr  Below  Albany  instead  of  Twenty,  as  he  supposes;  lor  Albany  is  150  miles  distant 
from  the  City  of  New  York,  and  New  York  about  20  miles  from  the  Sea. 

Upon  the  wliole  Sir,  We  liumbly  Conceive  it  is  highly  necessary  that  this  Representation  and 
Copies  of  the  necessary  Papers  referred  to  therein  should  be  laid  before  the  Lords  Commissioners 
for  Trade  and  Plantations  that  tiieir  Lordships  may  be  informed  of  the  objections  wliicli  we 
conceive  may  with  good  Reason  be  made  to  the  Line  Gouvernour  Wentworth  points  out  to  be  fixed 
as  the  Division  Line  between  this  and  the  province  of  New  Hampshire  Which  Papers  togetiier  with 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


345 


this  Representation  we  present  to  your  Honour  and  humbly  pray  you  will  be  pleased  to  transmit 
the  Same  to  their  Lordships. 

By  Order  of  the  Committee  John  Chambers  Chairman. 
By  Order  of  the  Commissioners  Paul  Richard  Chairman. 
City  of  New  York  14'h:  November  1753. 

6*1'  June.    Read  in  Council  and  approved  of  and  the  Council  advised  his  Honour  to  transmit  the 
same  to  the  Board  of  Trade  as  desired. 


PROCLAMATION  FOR  THE  SETTLEMENT  OF   LAND  BETWEEN  FORT  EDWARD  &  LAKE 

GEORGE. 

By  the  Honobi*  James  De  Lancey  Esq""  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor 
and  Commander  in  Cliief  in  and  over  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the 
Territories  depending  thereon  in  America. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  from  the  Success  of  His  Majesty's  Arms,  in  the  Reduction  of  the 
important  Fortresses  at  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  tlie  very  Strong 
Works  erecting  at  the  latter,  the  whole  Country  along  Hudson's  River  down 
to  A  ill*  ■,  ,vill  for  the  future  be  so  effectually  covered  and  secured  from  the  Ravages  of  the  Enemy, 
tliat  the  Inhaliifants  may  return  to  tlieir  Settlements  and  abide  there  with  Safety  to  their  Persons 
Faniilies  and  Estates  ;  in  C(3niidence  of  Wiiich,  many  have  already  returned  to  their  Habitations. 
And  Wiieieas  the  Fortress  now  erecting  at  Crown  Point,  is  in  great  forwardness,  and  His  Excel- 
lency Major  General  Amherst  liatii  assured  me.  that  he  is  determined  it  shall  be  so  far  finislied 
before  the  Troops  go  into  Winter  Quarters,  as  to  answer  the  Purpose  of  covering  and  protecting  the 
Country:  and  as  an  Encouragement  to  Settlers,  he  has  desired  I  would  make  known,  that  tliose 
who  witli  tlie  leave  of  this  Government  sliall  now  choose  to  go  and  settle  between  Lake  George 
and  Fort  Eilward,  will  there  find,  three  Several  Spotts  of  cleared  Ground,  two  of  them  capable  of 
containing  half  a  dozen  Faniilies  each,  and  the  other  not  less  than  twelve:  On  which  shall  be  left 
standing  for  their  Convenience  the  Wootlen  H\itts  and  Coverings  of  the  Troops  that  have  been 
posted  there  since  the  Beginning  of  the  Campaign,  wliicli  from  the  Footing  we  have  now  at  Crown 
Point,  will  be  no  longer  necessary,  and  will  be  evacuated  and  left  for  the  use  of  those  wlio  shall 
become  Settlers.  Tiie  first  of  the  said  Spotts  is  situated  four  miles  above  Fort  Edward;  Tlie  Second 
at  tlie  Half  way  Brook;  and  the  other  three  miles  from  Lake  George.  The  Soil  good  and  capable 
of  Improvement,  and  all  three  well  watered.  Tlie  Halfway  Brook  being  tlie  Spott  sufficient  for  a 
dozen  Families.  I  have  therefore  thought  fit  by  and  with  the  Advice  of  His  Majesty's  Council  to 
issue  tills  Proclamation,  Hereby  inviting  the  Inhabitants  who  formerly  abandoned  their  Dwellings 
to  return  to  their  Settlements,  and  improve  the  advantages  offered  to  them  under  tlie  Protection  and 
Cover  of  the  important  Posts  and  Strong  Fortresses  above  mentioned.  And  as  an  inducement  to 
such  as  shall  be  inclined  to  settle  on  any  or  either  of  the  three  Spotts  of  Ground  above  described :  I 
do  hereby  promise  his  Majesty's  Grant  tliereof  to  any  Persons  who  shall  apply  for  the  same,  on 
condition  of  immediate  settlement  thereof  in  the  form  of  a  Township,  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of 
Woodland  adjoining  for  that  purpose;  and  that  I  will  use  my  Endeavours  to  obtain  for  the  Grantees 


I 


Vol.,  IV 


•14 


846 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING    THE   MEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


an  Exemption  from  the  Payment  of  Quit  Rent  for  such  a  number  of  years  as  hi?  Majesty  shall  be 
pleased  to  indulge  tlierein. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  York  the  twenty- 
first  day  of  September  1759  in  the  tliirty- third  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  tlie 
Second  by  the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain  France  and  Ireland  King  Defender  of  the  Faith, 

and  so  forth 

James  De  LA^x£Y. 
By  His  Honour's  Command 

6w.  Banyar  D  Secry. 

God   Save  the  Kino. 

Province  of  New  York  ss:  Alexander  McClain  of  the  City  of  New  York  Merchant— maketh  Oath 
that  in  the  month  of  September  last  in  his  return  from  Canada,  He  made  a  short  stay  at  Crown 
Point  and  there  saw  a  considerable  number  of  persons  about  five  or  six  among  which  were  two 
Gentlemen  said  to  be  principal  men  in  New  Hampshire  Government,  and  representatives  in  that 
General  Assembly  and  Justices  of  the  Peace  that  the  rest  of  the  Persons  with  them  were  also  (as 
was  said)  of  that  Colony,  that  these  Persons  declared  that  they  came  thither  to  Layout  Lands,  and  a 
man  tliat  appeared  to  be  a  principal  person  among  them  Declared  that  Crown  point  was  in  their 
Government,  tlie  reason  of  his  speaking  it  was  a  Dispute  about  the  value  of  New  Hampshire  money 
which  he  said  ought  to  pass  ibr  as  much  there  as  nearer  home  the  Company  also  said  that  they 
were  Laying  out  Lands  on  tiie  East  of  Lake  Champlain,  and  further  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

Alex*  McLkans. 
Sworn  this  15*  March  1763  ) 

before  me  W""  Smith  3 

(Endorsed)     16«»>  March,  1763.    Read  in  Council. 


PROCLAMATION    DECLARING    THE   CONNECTICUT    RIVER 

TO  BE  THE  EAST  BOUNDS  OF  THE  PROVINCE  OF  NEW  YORK. 

By  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden,  Esq ;  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and 
Commander  in  Chief  of  the  Province  of  New-York,  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  King  Charles  tlie  Second,  by  his  several  Letters  Patent  bearing  Date  the  12tli  Dtiy 
of  March,  1603-4,  and  tlie  29th  June,  1671,  did  giv«  and  grant  in  Fee,  unto  his  Brother,  James 
Duke  of  York,  certain  Lands,  of  which  the  Province  of  JVew- York  is  a  Part;  containing,  a  niona; 
otlier  Tracts,  "  All  that  Island  or  Islands,  commonly  called  by  the  several  Name  or  Names  or" 
Matowacks,  or  iMng-hland.  situate  and  being  towards  the  West  of  Cape-Cod,  and  the  JVarrow  lli^r- 
gansetts,  abutting  upon  tlie  main  Land  between  the  two  Rivers  there  called  or  known  by  tlie 
several  Names  of  Connecticut  and  Hudson's  River.  Togetlier  also  with  the  said  River,  called  Hudson's 
River,  and  all  the  Land  from  the  West  Side  of  Connecticut  River,  to  the  East  Side  of  Delaware-Bay." 

And   whereas   the   Goveinment  of  JVew  Hampshire,  by  the  Letters  Patent  of  his  late  Mnjesty, 


CONTROVEBSY    RK8PECTINO    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIHE   GRANTS. 


84V 


given  at  Whitehall,  the  third  Day  oiJuly,  1741,  is  described  in  tlie  Words  following  ;  "  Our  Province 
iif  JVitp- Hampshire,  within  Our  Dominions  of  JVew-Englaiid  in  America,  bounded  on  tlie  Soutli  Side 
by  a  similar  Curve  Line,  pursuing  tlie  Course  of  Merrimac  River,  at  three  Miles  Distance  on  the 
North  Side  thereof;  beginning  at  the  Jllluntic  Ocean,  and  ending  at  a  Point  due  North  of  a  Place 
culled  Puutucket  Falls  ;  and  by  a  straight  Line  drawn  from  thence  due  West  cross  the  said  River, 
till  it  meets  with  our  other  Govemmevts  ;  and  bounded  on  the  South  Side  by  a  Line  passing  up  through 
tlie  Mouth  oi  Piscataqua  Harboiu',  and  up  the  Middle  of  the  River  to  the  River  of  J^ewichwannock^ 
Part  of  whicli  is  now  called  Salmon  Falls,  and  tlirough  the  Middle  of  the  same  to  tlie  f\irthest  Head 
thereof;  and  from  thence  North  two  Degrees  Westerly,  until  One  Hundred  and  ''"weiity  Miles  be 
finished  from  the  Mouth  of  Piscataqua  Harbour  aforesaid,  or  until  it  meets  with  our  other 
Governments." 

And  whereas  it  manifestly  appears  by  the  several  Grants  or  Letters  Patent  above  recited,  that 
the  Province  of  JVeuv  York  is  bounded  to  the  Eastward  by  the  River  Connecticut :  That  the  Province 
of  JSTew-Hampshire,  being  expressly  limited  in  its  Extent  Westward  and  Jforthward  by  His 
Majesty's  other  Governments,  is  confined  to  the  same  River  as  to  its  Western  Boundary  ;  and  that 
the  said  Govei-nment  of  J^ew-Hampshire  is  not  intituled  to  Jurisdiction  Westward,  beyond  the  Limits 
of  that  River. 

And  whereas  the  said  Government  of  New-Hampshire,  tho'  fully  ppprized  of  the  Right  of  this 
Government,  under  the  Letters  Patent  aforementioned  to  the  Duke  of  York  ;  and  sensible  also  that 
his  Majesty  had  not  been  pleased  to  establish  other  Boundaries  between  his  said  two  Provinces,  hath 
granted  Lands  Westward  oi  Connecticut  River,  within  the  Limitsand  Jurisdiction  of  the  Government 
of  JWiD-For/c;  in  Virtue  whereof,  sundry  Persons,  ignorant  that  they  could  not  derive  a  legal  Title 
wniler  such  Grants,  have  attempted  the  Settlement  of  the  Lands  included  therein,  and  have  actually 
possessed  themselves  of  Soil  before  granted  within  this  Province  ;  while  others  claiming  under  the 
said  Government  oi  J^eio-Hampshire,  have  endeavored  to  impose  on  the  Inhabitants  here,  by  offering 
to  Sale,  at  a  low  Rate,  whole  Townships  of  Six  Miles  Square,  lately  granted  by  the  said  Government 
Westward  of  Connecticut  River. 

To  prevent  therefore  the  Incautious  from  becoming  Purchasers  of  the  Lands  so  granted  ;  to  assert 
tlie  Rights,  and  fully  to  maintain  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Government  of  this  His  Majesty's  Province 
of  JSTew-York;  I  have  thought  fit,  with  the  Advice  of  His  Majesty's  Council,  to  issue  this  Proclama- 
tion, hereby  commanding  and  requiring  all  Judges,  Justices,  and  other  Civil  Officers  within  the 
same,  to  continue  to  exercise  Jurisdiction  in  their  respective  Functions,  as  far  as  to  the  Banks  of 
Connecticut  River,  the  undoubted  Eastern  Limits  of  that  Part  of  the  Province  of  Kew-  York,  notwith- 
standing any  Contrariety  of  Jurisdiction  claimed  by  the  Government  of  JVew-Hampshire,  or  any  Grants 
of  Land  Westward  of  tiiat  River,  made  by  the  said  Government.  AND  1  DO  hereby  enjoin  the 
High  Siierilf  of  the  County  of  Albany,  to  return  to  me  or  tlie  Commander  in  Chief,  the  Names  of 
all  and  every  Pereon  and  Persons,  who  under  the  Grants  of  the  Government  of  JVew-Hampshire,  do 
or  shall  hold  the  Possession  of  any  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  that  they  may  be  proceeded 
against  according  to  Law 

GIV^EN  under  ray  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Fort-George,  in  the  City  of  New- York,  the  Twenfy- 
oightli  Day  of  December,  1763,  in  the  Fourth  Year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  GEORGE 
tl\e  Third,  by  tlie  Grace  of  GOD,  of  Great  Britain,  France,  and  Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith, 
and  so  forth.    By  his  Honour's  Command, 

Cadwalladeh  Colden. 
Gw.  Banvar,  Dep.  Secry. 

Gou   SAVE   THE   King. 


ii9 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTINO    THE    NF.W    HAMPSHIRE   CHANTS 


m\l\ 


¥ 


IT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

New  York  20»h  Jany  1764. 

My  Lords  The  Dispute  subsisting  between  this  and  liis  Majesty's  Government  of  New  Hampshire 
respecting  their  Boundary  obliges  me  to  lay  ilie  State  of  this  Matter  betore  your  Lordships. 

In  April  1750  Governor  Clinton  communicated  to  tlie  Council  a  Letter  of  tlie  17"»  Nov»  from  M' 
Wentworth  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  representing  that  he  liad  it  in  Command  from  his  Majesty 
to  raalce  Grants  of  the  unimproved  Lands  in  New  Hampshire,  and  Desiring  Information  how  far 
North  of  Albany  this  Province  extender,  and  how  many  miles  to  the  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River, 
to  the  Northward  of  the  Massachusetts  Line,  that  he  might  govern  himself  accordingly — As  also  an 
Extract  of  his  Majesty's  Commission  to  M'  Wentworth,  describing  the  Boundaries  of  that  Governm* 
By  tiie  Advice  of  tlie  Council,  M'  Clinton  informed  M'  Wentworth,  in  Answer  to  his  Request,  Tliat 
this  Province  is  bounded  Eastward  by  Connecticut  River,  the  Letters  Patent  from  King  Charles  the 
Second  to  the  Dnke  of  York  expressly  granting  "  All  the  Lands  from  tlie  West  side  of  Connecticut 
River  to  tlie  East  side  of  Delaware  Bay." 

M'  Wentworth  in  liis  Answer  of  the  25"'  April,  says  that  he  had  Communicated  to  his  Majesty's 
Council  of  that  Government,  the  above  opinion  of  the  Council  of  the  Province,  which  he  declares 
would  bare  been  satisfactory  had  not  the  two  Charter  Governments  of  Connecticut  and  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  extended  their  Bounds  many  miles  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  and  desired 
to  be  informed  by  what  Authority  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusets  Governments  claimed  so  far 
to  the  Westward  as  they  had  settled  ;  and  acquainted  Governor  Clinton,  that  before  the  Receit  of  his 
Letter  of  the  9""  of  April,  he  had  Granted  a  Township  due  North  of  the  Massacliusits  Line,  of  the 
Contents  of  six  miles  square,  and  by  Measurement  Twenty  four  miles  East  of  the  city  of  Albany — 
Uix)n  Governor  Clinton's  laying  this  Letter  before  the  Council,  they  advised  him  to  Inform  Governor 
Wentworth,  That  the  Claim  of  the  Government  of  Connecticut  is  founded  upon  an  Agreement  with 
that  of  New  York  in  the  year  1683,  afterward  contlrmed  by  King  William — But  that  as  to  tlie 
Massacliusits  Settlement  so  far  to  the  Westward,  it  was  presumed  they  were  first  made  by  Intrusion, 
and  since  continued  tliro'  tlie  Neglect  of  this  Government — And  that  it  was  probable  the  Lands 
within  tlie  Township  he  had  lately  granted,  or  some  part  of  them  had  been  already  granted  by  the 
Government  of  New  York. 

In  July  1750,  M' Wentworth's  Letter  of  the  22''  June  preceeding  was  laid  before  tlie  Council, 
declaring  tliat  liis  Majesty's  Council  of  that  Province  were  unanimously  of  opinion  not  to  commence 
a  Dispute  witli  tliis  Government  respecting  tiie  Extent  of  Western  Boundary  to  New  Hampsliire, 
imtil  ills  Majesty's  pleasure  should  be  further  known,  and  accordingly  the  Council  had  advised  that 
heslioukl  on  tlie  part  of  New  Hampshire,  make  a  Representation  of  the  Matter  to  his  Majesty,  relying 
tliat  M'  Clinton  would  do  the  same  on  the  part  of  New  York  To  wliich  proposal  this  Government 
agreed  ;  adding  that  it  would  be  a  IS  ei«urefor  the  Mutual  advantage  of  both  Provinces,  that  tlie 
Copies  of  tlie  respective  Representations  to  be  made  to  his  Majesty  on  tliis  Head  should  be  exchanged. 

On  the  2'!  September  M'  Wentworth  signifyed  the  Assent  of  his  Government  to  the  last  mentioned 
proposal,  as  it  miglit  contribute  to  the  Speedy  Settlement  of  the  Boundary  between  the  two  Provinces 
and  assured  M'  Clinton  that  he  would  Transmit  to  him  a  Copy  of  the  Representation  he  should 
make  in  behalf  of  New  Hampshire  as  soon  as  perfected. 

I  find  the  Representation  on  the  part  of  New  York  was  not  approved  of  by  the  Council  until  the 
18'»"of  October  1751,  when  it  was  entered  on  the  Minutes  together  with  a  letter  of  mine  on  the 


it 


CONTROVKRSV    RKiiPKCTINC;    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE    OUANTS. 


349 


same  Subject,  But  before  this  period  M'  Wentworth  liad  in  his  letter  to  tlie  Board  of  Trade  of  tlie 
23<i  March  1750|1  suggested  to  tlieir  Lordsliips  wliat  he  thought  proper  to  urge  on  this  Subject  in 
behalf  of  Ids  own  Government,  without  Transmitting  any  Copy  tiiereof,  to  Governor  Clinton. 

Thus  tlie  Mutter  rested,  according  to  my  Information,  until  the  Incursions  of  the  Indians  into  tids 
Province,  immediately  preceding  the  late  War  put  an  intire  stop  to  any  new  Settlements,  and  renderetl 
both  Governments  less  solicitous  to  bring  this  Controversy  to  an  Issue:  the  Government  of  New 
York  confiding  that  New  Hampshire,  al'ter  what  has  passed,  would  not  venture  to  make  any  further 
Grants,  until  his  Majesty  should  be  pleased  to  Determine  the  Limits  between  Ills  two  Provinces  r.* 
such  Grants,  where  they  might  interfere  with  those  of  New  York,  must  be  considered  us  a  mex^ 
Nullity. 

But  how  great  was  the  surprise  of  this  Government,  when  they  lately  Discovered  that  New 
Hampshire  had  since  tlie  Transi»<"tlons  above  recited,  granted  upwards  of  Tliirty,  some  affirm  one 
hundred  and  Sixty  Tov"^  'pi  i  six  miles  square,  West'vi'vd  of  Connecticut  River ;  a  Fact  which 

had  probably  been  still  v.  .ceale  -m  tlie  knowledge  of  t.  '  ..>eernment,  had  not  the  Grantees  or 
persons  employed  by  them  Travelled  thro' all  parts  of  this,  and  in  tlie  Neighbouring  Province  of  New 
Jersey,  publickly  oii'ering  tlie  Lands  to  Sale,  at  such  low  rates,  as  evince  the  claimants  had  no  Intention 
of  beconung  Settlers,  either  from  Inability,  or  conscious  they  could  derive  no  Title  to  the  Lands 
under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire. 

To  prevent  therelbre  the  further  progress  of  this  Mischief,  by  informing  the  People  of  the  true 
State  of  the  claim  of  the  two  Provinces — His  Majesty's  Council  n.nanimously  advised  me  to  Issue  a 
Proclamation  asserting  the  Antieut  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province  to  Connecticut  River,  a  copy  whereof 
I  have  the  Honour  to  Inclose  to  your  Lordships. 

The  claim  of  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  to  within  Twenty  miles  East  of  Hudson's  River, 
being  founded  solely  on  the  Example  of  Connecticut  and  the  Massachusits  Bay,  it  will  be  necessai-y 
to  Consider  the  Right  of  those  two  Governments  to  tliat  Boundary. 

The  Limits  of  Connecticut  were  settled  by  the  Agreement  with  this  Province  confirmed  by  the 
Crown  and  tho'  the  possession  and  claim  of  the  Dutch,  might  have  been  oS'ered  as  an  argument  to 
conflne  the  Limits  of  that  Colony  to  the  River  Connecticut,  Yet  as  the  Tract  might  thereby  have 
been  rendered  too  inconsiderable  for  the  establishment  of  a  Colony,  and  the  People  liad  so  early 
extended  their  settlements  Westward  of  the  River,  these  considerations  probably  were  the  motives 
which  induced  the  Government  of  New  York  first  in  1CC4,  and  afterwards  in  1683,  to  yield  to 
Connecticut  the  Lands  Westward,  to  the  distance  of  about  20  miles  of  Hudson's  River. 

But  no  agreement  or  settlement  of  Boundaries  can  be  alledged  on  the  part  of  Massachusets  Bay 
The  Dutch  at  the  time  of  the  Massachusets  first  Grant,  possessed  this  Province,  then  called  New 
Netlierland — Extended  their  claim  between  the  two  Rivers,  Delaware  and  Connecticut,  and  had  long 
before  the  English  approached  the  last  mentioned  River,  a  Fort  called  Fort  Hope,  on  its  W^estern 
Banks  near  where  the  town  of  Hartlbrd  now  stands.  These  facts  were  well  known  at  the  time,  and 
tlierefore,  In  the  Grant  to  the  Council  of  Plymouth  In  lG20,of  the  lands  within  theSi  and  48  Degrees 
of  North  Latitude,  on  which  the  Claim  of  Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut  was  originally  founded, 
all  Lands  which  were  held  or  Possessed  by  any  other  Christian  Prince  or  State  are  expressly  saved 
and  excepted.  Hence  it  appears  that  the  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  1GG3-4  of  the  Lands  westward 
of  Connecticut  River,  was  certainly  grounded  on  an  opinion,  that  the  Crown  had  an  absolute  Right 
to  those  Lands,  notwithstanding  the  claim  of  the  New  England  Colonies  ;  and  that  this  Grant,  which 
immediately  preceded  the  Conquest  of  this  Province  from  the  Dutch,  was  intended  to  include  all  the 
Lands  which  the  Dutch  held  here. 

I  have  not  till  lately  seen  an  extract  of  a  Report  of  the  Commissioners  appointed  by  the  Crown  in 


* 


I 


BU 


350 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


1   i' 


.1^ 
IP 


I 'I 


1664  to  visit  tlie  New  England  Governments,  who  declare  tliey  find  "the  Limits  of  i\rassachuslt8  Bay 
to  be  Secoiiiiet  Biot)k  on  the  Soutii  west,  and  Meriraaclc  River  on  the  North  East  and  two  Itiglit  Uiivs 
drawn  from  each  of  those  two  places  till  they  come  within  Twenty  miles  of  Hudsons  liiver."  Nor  an 
Extract  of  a  Letter  I'rora  Colonel  Nicliolls  Governor  of  New  York  in  November  1665  to  the  Uuke  of 
York  in  which  Speaking  of  the  Agreement  made  with  Connecticut  he  says,  "  this  Determiuation  was  a 
leading  case,  of  Equal  Justice  and  of  great  good  Consequence  in  all  the  Colonies,  and  tlierelure  we  were 
assured  would  be  an  acceptable  Service  to  your  Royal  Highness,  titougli  to  the  Diminution  of  your 
Bounds,  so  tliat  to  the  East  of  New  York  and  Hudsons  River,  nothing  considerable  remains  to  your 
Ruyal  Higlmess  except  Long  Island,  and  about  Twenty  miles  from  any  part  of  Hudsons  River.  I 
look  therefore  upon  all  the  Rest  as  Empty  Names  and  places  possest  forty  years  by  IbrnHr  Grants, 
and  of  no  consequence  to  your  Royal  Highness  ;  except  all  New  England  could  be  brought  to  submit 
to  your  Royal  Highness's  Patent." 

If  any  Settlement  was  then  made  by  the  Commissioners  and  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  it  appears  not 
on  Record,  altho'  that  witli  Connecticut  in  tlie  same  year,  is  Registered  in  botii  Provinces — And  if 
actually  made,  it  was  unauthorized,  the  Powers  to  the  Commissioners  being  expressly  confined  to 
the  Disputes  between  tlie  New  England  Governments,  Namely — Massachusits  Bay,  Coimecticut,  New 
Plymouth,  Rhode  Island  &  the  Providence  Plantations,  as  evidently  appears  from  the  Commission,  a 
copy  of  which  I  inclose  Your  Lordships ;  nor  can  it  be  supposed  that  the  Crown  meant  to  invest  a 
Power  in  the  Commlss'*  to  settle  Boundaries  between  the  Governments  of  New  England  and  tliis 
Province,  the  Commission  bearing  Date  in  April  1661,  and  the  conquest  of  tliis  Guvernment  from 
the  Dutch  not  taking  place  till  the  month  of  August  following — There  is  also  a  Mistake  in  tlie 
Assertion,  tliat  the  "  Places  were  Possest  forty  yeares  by  former  Grants,"  unless  by  the  Dutcii — Ibr 
the  English  did  not  settle  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  till  1035  or  1636,  which  settlement 
was  made  Southward  of  the  Massachusits  south  line  without  authority  from  any  Government ;  the 
Determination  then,  in  respect  to  Connecticut  could  not  with  propriety  be  considered  as  a  Lending 
case  of  Equal  Justice  in  all  tiie  Colonies  ;  nor  could  the  Boundary  of  Connecticut  River,  have  affected 
tlie  other  Governments  so  materially  as  Connecticut,  as  those  Governments  have  a  far  greater  Extent 
Eastward  than  Connecticut.  This  Reasoning  is  Justified  also,  from  the  Consideration  tliat  the  Crown 
did  not  by  any  act  Ratify  or  approve  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioners,  or  of  Governor  Nicholls  wlio 
was  one  of  them,  but  on  the  contrary,  after  the  Dutch  had  in  1673  reconquered  this  Province,  and 
by  the  Treaty  of  Breda  in  1674  yielded  it  to  England,  made  a  second  Grant  to  the  Duke  of  York  in 
the  Same  Terms  with  the  first.  And  it  appears  by  the  Minutes  of  tlie  Agreement  with  Connecticut  in 
1683  that  Governor  Nicholls  and  the  otlier  Commissioners  had  been  deceived  in  the  Line  they 
establislied  with  that  Colony  in  1664,  which  instead  of  leaving  to  this  Province  twenty  miles  East 
of  Hudson's  River  soon  cross'd  that  River  and  left  the  far  greatest  part  of  that  River  out  of  New 
York  Government. 

Massacliusits  Bay  hath  nothing  I  humbly  conceive  to  urge  in  Support  of  their  claim  to  a  Twenty 
Mile  Line,  East  of  Hudson's  River,  but  a  possession  gained  In  opposition  to  the  Letter  and  Spirit 
of  their  Grants  from  the  Crown,  thro'  the  Inattention  of  tliis  Government.  This  argument  may  in 
E(iuity  intitle  Individuals  to  a  confirmation  from  the  Crown  of  the  Lands  they  actually  possess, 
rendering  to  His  Majesty  the  usual  Quit  Rent  reserved  in  tliis  Province,  but  cannot  be  ollered 
as  conclusive  on  tlie  part  of  the  Crown  in  respect  to  its  Interests  arising  either  from  its  Revenue  of 
Quit  Rents,  which  by  computation  at  2|6  p  100  acres  would  amount  to  near  £1200  sterling  p 
annum,  or  from  Escheats ;  neither  can  it  with  Justice  I  think  be  extended  to  the  case  of  those 
Inhabitants  of  New  York,  who  hold  Land  Eastward  of  a  Twenty  Mile  Line,  the  Lands  being  at  the 


C0MTR0VKR8Y    RGSPECTINQ    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


351 


rime  they  obtuined  their  Grants  vested  in  the  Crown,  within  tlie  Express  Limits  of  the  Province 
of  New  Yorlc  und  not  within  tlie  Grants  on  which  tlie  Massaohusits  Bay  found  tlieir  claim. 

Having  tlius  fully  considered  tliis  point  in  rfS])ect  to  the  Province  of  MnssHcliusits  Buy,  I  need 
add  very  little  as  to  New  Hampshire.  Tliat  Government  is  to  extend  Westward  and  Nortlnvard  till 
it  meets  witli  his  Majesty's  otiier  Governments,  and  cannot  tlierefore  interfere  with  tlie  Limits  of 
this  Province.  The  lands  in  Question  lay  much  more  Convenient  to  be  included  within  New  York 
than  New  Hampshire.  Hudson's  Uiver  being  navigable  by  Vessels  of  considerable  Burthen  to 
Albany  the  Trade  of  that  part  of  the  Country  will  probably  center  there,  to  whiclj  place  the  Trans- 
portation or  Carriage  will  be  much  Kasier  than  to  the  Ports  of  New  Hiinipsidre,  and  where  tlie 
Inhabitants  are  likely  to  meet  with  a  better  market  for  their  Pro<luce.  Tlie  Kevenue  to  the  Crown, 
if  the  lands  are  settled  under  this  Province,  will  lie  greater  tiian  if  Granted  under  New  Hampshire, 
In  proportion  to  the  Difference  of  Quit  Rent  which  I  am  Intbrmed  is  1"  stcrls  p  100  acres  in  that 
Province,  and  is,  by  his  Majesty's  Instructions  fixed  here  at  2|6  stent  There  is  another  Circumstance 
of  some  Weight  at  this  Juncture.  The  preference  given  to  this  Government  from  its  Evident 
superiority,  has  induced  a  great  number  of  Reduced  Officers  to  claim  here  the  Bounty  his  Majesty 
has  been  pleased  by  his  Proclamation  of  the  7'"  October  last,  to  extend  ^  those  who  have  served  in 
North  America  during  the  late  War,  and  many  of  them  have  located  their  spotts  a  ithin  the  claim 
of  New  Hampsliire  ;  indeed  if  they  had  not  it  would  have  been  impossible  for  this  Government  to 
have  foniid  Lands  enough  for  them,  clear  of  dispute  and  not  reserved  to  the  Indians ;  but  thoy 
absolutely  decline  any  application  to  New  Hampshire  for  lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River. 

As  the  settling  the  limits  of  Jurisdiction  of  the  gov'»  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  absolutely 
depends  on  his  Majesty's  Pleasure,  should  his  Majesty,  on  any  Consideration  extend  the  limits  of 
New  Hampshire  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  I  humbly  presume  to  hope  the  Right  of  Property 
and  tlie  Riglit  of  Jurisdiction  will  be  saved  to  this  Province  in  Respect  to  all  Lands  before  granted 
by  tills  Government  whose  Riglit  to  the  Boundary  of  Connecticut  River  especially  when  considered 
as  to  New  Hampshire,  appears  clear  and  unquestionable. 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

[Lond.  Doo.  xxxrii.] 

New  York  8«««  Feb''  1764. 
My  Lords,  I  informed  your  LordPP'  by  my  letter  of  January  20">  that  the  government  of  New 
Hampshire  has  lately  made  most  surprizing  and  extravagant  encroachments  on  tlie  jurisdiction 
of  lands  of  this  His  Majesty's  Province  ;  without,!  may  truly  say,  the  least  color  or  plausible  pretence 
of  Right.  The  Govern'  of  New  Hampshire  I  am  told,  has  lately  granted  160  Townships,  of  six 
miles  s(iuare  each,  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River.  A  man  in  appearance  ncf  better  than  a 
Pedlar,  has  lately  travelled  tlirough  New  Jersey  and  this  Province,  hawking  and  selling  his  pre- 
tended Rights  of  30  Townships,  on  trilling  considerations.  The  whole  proceedings  of  tlie  Govern' 
of  New  Hampshire,  in  this  case,  if  what  is  told  me  be  true,  are  shameful  and  a  discredit  to  the 
King's  authority,  under  which  they  act.  Tho'  it  be  not  in  my  power  to  be  authentically  informed, 
it  is  in  your  Lordspp*  for  it  is  evident  from  the  low  price  shares  are  sold  at,  it  is  not  for  the  benefit 
of  persons  who  design  to  settle  and  improve.  Your  Lordpp»  by  a  proper  enquiry  may  discover  for 
whose  benefit  these  fraudulent  grants  are  really  made. 


352 


CONTROVERay    RESPECTING   THE   MEW    HAMPSHIRE  0RAMT8. 


To  prevent  as  much  as  in  my  »^'>wer  tlwi  evil  consequences  of  these  proceedings,  I  have  by  tlie 
advice  of  his  Mat)'  Council  of  tl.a  Prov"'  Issued  u  Prodainiition  of  vvliich  a  printed  copy  is  Inclosed, 
and  another  in  my  letter  of  Janr  20'i>  to  whicli  letter  I  beg  leave  to  refer. 

It  became  tlie  more  necessary  for  me  at  this  time  to  vindicate  the  right  of  tills  Govern'  to  the  lands 
because  great  numbers  of  reduced  Officers  and  disbanded  soldiers  who  have  served  in  Araeiica, 
hr.ve  applied  to  me  for  the  Reward  in  Land,  granted  by  His  Maty's  Proclamation  in  their  lavour, 
and  I  have  no  other  lands  to  grant  but  these,  whlcii  the  Govern'  of  New  Hampsiiire  have  taken  ui)ou 
themselves  to  grant,  in  tlie  manner  above  mentioned.  I  endeavour  to  distribute  His  Majesty's 
Bounty  in  tlie  manner  most  agreable  to  the  officers,  and  so  tliat  the  grants  may  pass  with  the  greatest 
dispatch  and  least  expence,  as  will  appear  by  the  minute  of  Council  which  I  inclose.  Since  that 
time  in  a  few  days,  near  one  hundred  Commissioned  and  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates 
have  applied  for  Grunts  of  Land,  so  that  from  this  Province,  all  tlie  reduced  officers  and  disbanded 
Soldiers  in  this  part  of  North  America,  chuse  to  receive  tlie  Kings  reward  iu  lands  within  this 
Province. 

As  the  reduced  officers  and  Soldiers  will  find  the  necessary  and  unavoidable  expence  of  Selling 
hard  upon  them,  they  are  apprehensive  of  an  additional  expence  of  Law  suits,  however  slight  the 
pretensions  be,  and  therefore  it  will  greatly  encourage  and  forward  the  Settlement  of  that  part  of  tlie 
Country,  to  have  a  speedy  end  put  to  the  pretensions  of  the  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire,  which 
your  Lord^p'  may  ettiectually  do,  by  only  signifying  lo  the  Gov.  of  N.  Hampshire  ills  Majesty's 
pleasure  on  that  head,  and  by  sending  a  duplicate  of  the  order  to  the  Governor  of  this  Province. 

The  only  thing  Avhlch  can  make  any  person  prefer  the  grants  of  New  Hampshire  to  those  of  this 
Govern'  is  the  diifierence  of  quit  rent ;  for  as  tlie  Commerce  of  that  Country  must  be  carried  on  by 
Hudson's  River,  it  must  be  more  convenient  for  the  Inhabitants  to  be  under  the  jurisdiction  of  New 
York.  The  quit  rent  of  New  Hampshire,  I  am  told,  is  at  the  rate  of  one  shilling  sterling  for  every 
hundred  acres,  and  that  of  New  York  is  at  the  Rate  of  two  shillings  and  six  pence  ;  this  dilTerenco 
on  a  mmlerate  computation  may  amount  to  one  thousand  pounds  sterling  yearly.  So  that  it  is  like- 
wise much  for  the  benefit  of  His  Majesty's  Revenue  of  Quit- Rents  tliat  this  dispute  be  speedily  put 
an  end  to. 

I  am  informed  that  the  officers  and  private  Men  of  the  Provincial  troops  of  this  and  the  neigh- 
bouring ColoiiifS  imployed  in  the  late  war  of  America,  design  to  apply  for  His  Majesty's  bounty  in 
lands  to  be  extended  to  them  as  to  the  officers  and  Soldiers  of  His  Majesty's  Army.  I  have  no 
objection  to  this,  only  that  the  civil  officers  of  the  Govern*  ought  to  be  considered,  who  have  freely 
given  up  their  usual  fees  in  favour  of  the  army;  for  I  apprehend  the  same  reason  does  not  extend  to 
botli  in  this  respect. 

The  Officers  and  Men  of  the  Provincials,  all  live  in  this  Country,  have  their  friends  and  Relations 
to  assist  them,  and  as  the  Colony  Troops  were  levied  annually,  and  received  annual  bounty,  different 
Officers  and  Men  were  employed  in  different  years ;  their  numbers  will  be  very  great,  and  the 
trouble  to  the  Civil  Officers  of  this  Govern*  become  very  heavy ;  for  the  charter  and  Proprietary 
Govern"  are  not  bound  by  tlie  King's  proclamation.  It  seems  therefore  reasonable  that,  if  the  King 
should  think  proper  to  extend  his  Bounty  of  an  abatement  of  Quit  Rents,  for  ten  years,  in  favour  of 
the  Provincials,  that  they  receive  their  grants  on  paying  the  usual  fees. 

I  am  with  great  respect  &  humble  submission  My  Lords 

Your  most  obedient  &  faithftil  servant 

Cadwallader  Colden. 


CONTUUVKHav   RLSrECllSU  TIIK  RKW  uamHuibk  oraxiti. 


8&8 


PROCLAMATION  OF  GOV.  WENTWORTII 


IN   ANSWER   TO    THE    PRECCUINti    OK   LT.    GOV     COI.DEN. 

By  His  Lxcelleu^y  Beniiliig  Weiitwoi-tli  Esi^'  diptain  Geiicru]  Guveruor  uiid  Coinmancler  in  Chief  of 
Hia  Majesty's  porvinoo  of  New  IlHuipsliire  in  New  England  kc 

A  PROCLAMATION 

Whereas  Ilis  Honor  Cndwallader  Cohicn  Esq'  Lieutenant  Governor  und  commander  in  cliief  of 
His  Majesty's  Province  of  New  Y'orlt  liutli  lately  issued  a  Proclamation  of  a  very  extraordinary 
uature,  Setlng  forth  tiiat  King  Charles  the  Second,  on  the  12'i' day  of  March  1CG3|1  ami  the  29'h 
June  1674,  diil  by  his  several  Letters  patent  of  tiiose  dates,  grant  in  fte  to  his  Brother  the  Duke  if 
York  among  other  Things  all  the  Land  from  the  west  Side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of 
Delaware  Bay  and  therein  also  sets  forth,  or  describes  the  Bounds  of  New  Hampshire,  in  which 
description  tliere  is  a  very  material  mistake,  besides  there  is  omitted  theliict,  on  whicli  the  description 
of  New  Hampshire  depended,  viz'  His  Miijesty"s  determination  of  the  northern,  and  western  Bounthuys 
of  tlie  province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay  in  !739  &  nothing  can  he  more  evident,  tlian,  that  New 
Hampshire  may  legally  extend  her  western  Boundary  as  far  as  the  Massachusets  claim  readies  ;  and 
She  claims  no  more,  but  New  York  pretends  to  claim  even  totlie  Baidfs  of  Connecticut  Rivcrallliongh 
She  never  laid  out  and  Settled  one  town  in  tiiat  part  of  H.s  Majesty's  Lands  Since  she  exisled  iis 
Government.  When  New  York  Ooveriunent  extends  lier  Eastern  Boundary,  to  tlie  Banks  of 
Connecticut  River  between  New  York  and  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  &  to  tlie  Banks  of  said  liiver, 
between  New  York  &  the  province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay,  it  wou'd  liavc  been  lull  early  for  New 
York  to  declare  that  the  Government  of  New  Hampsliire  was  fully  apprized  of  the  Right  of  New 
York  under  the  before  recited  Letters  pattent  to  the  Duke  of  York. 

In  Virtue  of  the  final  determination  of  the  Boundaiy  Lines  Settled  by  his  late  Majesty  between 
this  Government,  and  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  all  the  Lands  capable  of  Settlements  have  been 
erected  into  townships,  agreealile  to  His  Majesty's  Commands,  and  a  Considerable  Revenue  is  daily 
arising  to  the  Crown,  unless  interrupted  &  impaired  by  His  Honors  Proclamation,  which  New  Hampshire 
will  not  be  answerable  for. 

At  present  the  Boundarys  of  New-York  to  the  Northward  are  unknown,  and  as  soon  as  it  shall  be 
His  Majestys  pleasure  to  determine  tliem,  New  Hampshire  will  pay  a  ready  and  chearfull  obedience 
tliereunto,  not  doubting  but  tliat  all  Grants  made  by  New  Hampsliire  that  are  fulfilled  by  the 
Grantees  will  be  contirnied  to  them  if  it  sliould  he  His  Mnjestys  pleasure  to  alter  the  Jurisdiction. 

For  politicall  Reasons,  the  Claim  to  Jurisdiction,  by  New-York  might  have  been  deferred,  as  well 
as  the  Strict  Injunction  on  tlie  Civil  power  to  exercise  Jurisdiction  in  their  respective  Functions,  as 
far  as  the  Eastern  Banks  of  Connecticut  River. 

Tlie  said  proclamation,  carrying  an  air  of  Government  in  it,  may  possibly  affect  &  retard  the 
Settlement  of  His  Majesty's  Lands  granted  by  this  Government,  for  preventing  an  Injury  to  the 
Crown  of  this  kind,  and  to  remove  all  doubts  that  may  arise  to  persons  holding  the  Kings  Grants, 
tliey  may  be  assured  that  the  patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  is  Obsolete,  and  cannot  convey  any  certain 
Boundary  to  New  York  that  can  be  claimed  as  a  Boundary,  as  plainly  appears  by  the  Several 
Boundary  Lines  of  the  Jerseys,  on  the  West,  &  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  on  the  East,  which  are 
set  forth  in  the  Proclamation  as  part  only  of  the  Land  included  in  the  said  patent  to  the  Duke  of 
York. 


Vol.  IV 


4& 


8M 


cuMrKOVUiHy  ikic»nxrihu  tux  ^KW  UAMpauiuk  uhanti. 


To  the  End  therefore,  that  tho  Grantees  now  Settled,  &  Settling  on  tliose  Lnnds  (iiidcr  His  Lnte  is> 
present  Mitjesfy's  Charters,  may  not  Ix)  intiinidnted,  or  any  way  hiiulred  or  oliHlruch'd  in  tlie 
Improvement  of  tlie  Luiul  ho  gianteil  ax  well  us  to  a»certain  tlie  Uiglit  iV  muintaia  tlie  Juiiviictiou 
of  His  Majest; ';  Government  of  New  lluuipshire  as  liir  westward  us  to  inciudt^  tlie  (Jrunls  made,  I 
have  thouglit  flt,  hy  und  vvltii  the  udvlcc  of  his  Majesty's  Council,  to  Issue  this  rroclamation  herehy 
encouraging  tlie  Several  Grantees  claiming  tinder  tills  Government,  to  be  industrious  in  clearing  and 
cultivating  their  Lands  agreeable  to  their  respective  gnuits. 

And  I  do  hereby  reipiiiu  und  comnuind  all  Civil  Ullicers  within  this  province,  of  whut  Quality 
soever,  as  well  those  tliat  are  not,  as  th«>se  that  are  Inhabitants  on  the  said  Lands  to  continue  &  be 
diligent  in  exercising  Jurisdiction  in  their  respective  Otlices,  us  iar  Westward  as  Grants  of  Lai'd  liave 
been  made  by  this  Government,  and  to  deal  with  any  person,  or  persons,  that  may  presume  to  inteiupt 
the  Inliabitants  or  settlers  on  said  Lands  as  to  I^aw  and  Justiee  doth  appertain.  Tlie  pretendetl  right 
of  Jurisdiction  mentioned  in  the  aforesaid  Proclamation  notwithstanding 

Given  at  the  Council  Chamber  in  Portsmouth  the  13<i>  day  of  March  1704  in  the  fourth  year 
of  His  Majesty's  Reign. 

B.  Wkntwortii. 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE. 

[  Load.  Doe.  xxztU.  ] 

New  York,  12  April,  17(54. 

My  Lords,  Having  lately  seen  a  Proclamation  of  tlie  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire  in  a  jiriiifod 
paper,  I  now  inclose  it  to  your  Lordpp'  as  It  shews  tiie  necessity  of  your  Lordi'P' coming  to  some 
speedy  resolution  on  this  j»oint. 

From  the  recitals  in  my  Letter  of  the  ao""  of  January  Inst,  on  this  subject,  it  will  iippear  witii 
what  candour  this  Proclamation  is  framed;  and  your  Lordpp' may  in  some  measure  judge  whether 
the  truth  of  the  urtitlces  with  which  that  Govern'  is  charged,  he  not  thereliy  contlrmed  ;  viz'.  The 
numerous  Grants  of  Townships  by  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  side  ot  Coiiiiectieut  Uiver,  in  so 
short  a  time  as  since  the  last  Peace,  cannot  be  with  uny  view,  in  the  jiersons  who  ha\c  rec'  those 
grants,  to  settle  and  improve  those  lands,  but  with  a  sinistrous  view  in  a  few  peisoiis  to  put  large 
sums  of  money  in  their  pockets,  hy  jobbing  and  sellin:?  of  Kights  thro'  all  the  neighlumring  colonies, 
as  ai)peared  to  the  Council  of  this  Province,  by  several  persons  going  ah'  this  Province,  New  Jersey 
and  Connecticut,  hawking  and  selling  their  pretended  riglits,  to  greut  numbers  of  igiionint  people, 
at  low  rates  and  delVauding  them  of  large  sums  of  money.  That  the  grantees  had  no  view  ol  settling 
and  improving  the  land  by  thtmselves,  appears  likewise  l)y  several  ud\ertizements  in  tlie  New,i 
paper  in  which  Gov  WentwortlTs  Proclamation  is  puhlislicd  and  inclosed  with  this. 

How  low  it  is  to  give  New  Jersey  us  an  instance  tiiat  tlie  Patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  is 
obsolete  !  This  can  only  be  designed  Ibr  ignorunt  People,  wlio  know  not  that  the  proprieters  of 
New  Jersey  hold  under  the  jiatent  to  the  Duke  of  York.  It  the  Patent  to  the  Utike  of  York  be 
obsolete,  and  the  lands  granted  by  that  Patent  not  now  vested  in  the  Crown,  as  part  of  its  Demesnes, 
New  York  has  no  bounds. 

I  am  perswaded  that  upon  your  Lordpp»  mature  consideration  of  tliis  matter,  it  will  eviilently 
appear  on  the  principles  of  Justice,  policy  and  public  utility,  that  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York 
ought  to  extend  to  Connecticut  River,  as  the  Duke  of  York's  Patent  does.     The  Commerce  of  th« 


CONTROVEMV    lltlPECTIKn    THE    NEW    IIAMPSIIinE    CRANTf. 


S55 


Tvliole  Country  on  llif  Went  sitU'  of  CdiiiuTtlrut  River  Is  liy  IlmlsouN  Ulvcr,  and  tlif  produce  of 
the  Nurtlmii  iiait  ((ftlwit  Coiiiitry  mu>t  he  triiii<|mrtiil  hy  tlmt  Hi\n. 

Al)i)ut  liiur  liinulri'il  iciiiu-fij  nillo'i^  uiiil  (li>l>iiiitli'il  suUllcis  liiw  ulnuily  Dpiilled  to  n>i>  for  lands 
pui'siiatit  to  His  Miijcsty's  ]iro('laiiiiiti<iii  wlili-h  at  tlils  tiiiii'  ai<*  to  l>o  HUiAcycd  tor  tlioiu  in  that  part 
cluliiifd  by  Nfw  Hainpslilvf.  Your  Lordi'P"  will  pcrcelvf  the  iit'cesslty  of  tU'ttrmluUig  th«  Claim  of 
Ni'w  Haiiijishlrt'  s|i('ctllly. 

I'c'ople  of  all  sort!)  who  intrude  ou  Ills  Miiji><  UIghtN  in  Aniericuaro  very  assiduous  in  prosecuting 
every  measure  that  serves  for  their  purpose,  the  case  of  the  King's  rights  in  this  Prov*"'  is  left  to  ftlie] 
Gov'  alone  witiiout  a  single  farthing  to  defray  any  expenee  that  may  hecomo  necessary  fur  that 
purpose  ;  for  this  reason  the  Gov'  has  no  metliod  but  by  applying  to  your  Lordpp'  The  multiplicity 
of  business  has  olten  prevented  the  King's  Ministers  from  taking  the  representations  «)f  the  Gov' 
into  immediale  consideration,  and  as  Iih  cannot  t:>e  at  the  charge  of  solicitors,  to  renind  your  Lordpp* 
these  ufl'alrs  have  been  olten  forgot.  This  has  given  great  advantage  not  only  to  the  Intrusions  from 
the  neighbouring  Colonies  but  to  intrusions  of  private  person*'  ..tuong  ourselves,  .kny  delay  at  this 
time  will  certainly  be  prejudical  to  His  Majesty's  interest;  prevent  the  I  jnefit  designed  for  the 
Army  in  America,  and  the  settling  of  that  part  of  the  Country,  be<)|des  ^'.le  inconveniences  and 
perliaps  mischiefs  which  may  happen  by  the  different  claims  of  Jurisdlctiou.  These  things  T  flatter 
myself  will  excuse  these  repeated  solicllatloQi  on  this  subject  from 

My  Lords,  etc. 

CaDWA    bAJKH   COLDEM. 


■  * 


tf« 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  FIXING  THE  BOUNDARY 

BETWEEN    NEW    YORK    AND    NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

(  L.  S.  )  At  the  Court  at  S«  James  the  20«i>  Day  of  July  1764. 

Present. 
The  Kings  most  Excellent  Majesty. 


Earl  of  Hilsborough 
M'  Vice  Chamberlain 
Gilbert  Elliot  Esq' 
Jumes  Oswald  Esq' 


Lord  Steward 

Earl  of  Sandwich 

Earl  of  Halifax 

Earl  of  Powis 

Earl  of  Harcourt 

Whereas  there  was  this  Day  read  at  the  Board,  aRepori  :  .."'.e  by  the  Right  Honourable  the  Lords 

of  the  Committee  of  Council  lor  Plantation  att'airs  dated  tiie  .7"'  of  tliis  Instant,  tipon  Considering  a 

Rejiresieutation  lioni  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and  Plantations,  relative  to  the  Disputes  that 

have  some  years  Subsisted  between  the  Provinces  of  New  Hampshire  and  New  York  concerning  the 

Boundary  Line  between  those  Provinces.     His  Majesty  taking  tiie  same  into  considerati.tn  was  pleased 

witli  the  atlvice  of  his  privy  Cimncil  to  appro-.e,  jf  wliat  is  tiierein  proposed,  and  duth  accordingly 

hereby  Onler  and  Declare  the  Western  Banks  of  the  River  Connecticut,  from  where  it  enters  the 

Province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay,  ».$  far  North  as  the  forty  lil'th  Degree  of  Northern  Latitude,   to 

be   tlie   Boundary  Line    between  the  said  two   Provinces   of  New  Hampshire  aj.il    New   York. 

Whereof  the  respective  Governors  and  Commanders  in  Ciiief  of  his  Majesty's  said  Provinces  of  New 

Hampshire  and  New  York  for  the  time  being  and  all  others  whom  it  may  Concern  are  to  take  notice 

of  his  Miyesty's  Pleasure  hereby  signified  and  Goverr  themselves  accordingly. 

Wm.  Blair. 


356 


OOKTBOVEBSY    BESPECTINO   THE  NEW   UAMFSHIBE  GRANTS. 


Ilii  ' 


il: 


1 


SHERIFF  SCHUYLER  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN. 

May  it  please  your  Honour 

Frydiiy  inoriiing  an  Express  arrived  from  Hoseck,  acquainting  tliat  tlie  New  Hampshire 
people  liail  turned  Hans  Juny  Creiger,  an  Inliabitant  under  the  Proprietors  of  Hoseck  Patent,  out 
f»r  J'nsstssion  «)f  his  Lands  and  Tenements;  drove  off  his  Cattle  and  took  off  with  them  a  Parcel  of 
Indian  Corn,  anil  for  the  Redemption  of  Iiis  Cattle  compelled  him  to  pay  forty  five  Dollars  ;  And 
tlie  sail!  Express  Ihrtlier  inibrmed  that  the  said  New  Hampshire  People  were  the  next  Day  to  be  at 
tlie  Houses  of  Peter  Voss,  and  Bastiane  Deale,  in  order  in  Like  manner  to  dispossess  tliem  of  tlieir 
Possessions;  wliich  they  had  peaceably  enjoy'd  under  the  Proprietors  of  said  Hoseck  Patent  for 
upwards  of  thirty  years  past,  except  only,  when  driven  off  by  the  Enemy  Indians  during  tlie  two 
last  Wars. 

In  conseqtience  of  which  Intelligence  I  thought  it  my  Duty,  in  Complyance  with  jour  Honours 
Proclamations  to  go  to  Hoseck,  in  oi-der  to  preserve  tlie  Peace  &  keep  the  said  Peter  &  Bastiane  in 
their  said  Possessions,  and  fully  to  exercise  tlie  jurisdiction  of  this  Province  according  to  the  tru 
Intent  &  meaning  of  your  Honours  said  Proclamation. 

And  in  order  tlie  more  ell'ectually  to  enable  me  so  to  do,  I  thought  it  proper  to  take  witli  me  two  of 
the  Justices  and  a  few  other  good  People  of  this  Province  and  I  arrived  witli  them  at  Hoseck  at  tlie 
Houses  of  the  said  Peter  &  Bastiane  on  Saturday  Morning,  where  I  was  told  the  New  Hampshire 
People  would  not  come  untill  the  M'^nday  following.  Accordingly  that  day  very  early  in  the  morn- 
ing tliey  sent  to  my  Lodgings  (a  small  distance  off")  acquainting  me  tliat  tiie  New  Hampshire  People 
were  tlien  at  tlie  Houses  of  tlie  said  Peter  &  Bastiane.  Whereupon  I  immediately  hastned  thither, 
together  with  the  saitl  two  Justices,  &  few  other  good  People  of  this  Province;  But  before  I  could 
get  tliere,  the  Said  New  Hampshire  People  had  already  perpetrated  their  Design  of  turning  the  said 
Peter  Voss  &  Bastiane  Deale  out  of  their  Possessions;  and  claimed  the  same  as  belonging  to  tlie 
Province,  and  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire.  And  on  Information  that  the  said  New 
Hampshire  People  were  but  just  gone;  I  followed  and  overtook  th^m  about  a  mile  further,  and 
there  apprehended  Samuel  Ashley,  who  called  himself  a  Deputy  Sheiif.  Samuel  Robison  a  Justice 
of  tlie  Peace,  John  Horsfbot  and  Isaac  Charles.  The  two  last,  pretended  owners  of  the  Lands  of 
the  said  Peter  &  Bastiane.  All  whom  I  brought  down  to  the  Jail  in  Aloany;  where  I  shall  Safely 
keep  them  untill  Bail  be  given  for  their  appearance  &  good  Behaviour;  or  untill  your  Honours 
further  Pleasure  shall  be  known  respecting  them.    I  am,  May  it  please  jour  Honour 

Your  Honours  most  Obe*  &  most  Hb'«  Servant 

Har:  SaiuYLER,  Shirefl'. 
(Endoi-sed)  17U>  Aug^  1764.     Read  in  Council. 


[  Conne.  Mln.  xxv.  ] 

In  Council,  4  Sept.  1764. 

His  Honour  communicated  a  Letter  to  him  of  the  17'h  ultimo  from  Governor  Wentworth  (of  New 

Hampshire)  representing  that  several  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of  Pownall,  at  a  Time  when 

the  Deputy  Sheriff  was  executing  a  legal  Precept,  were  set  upon  by  the  Sheriff  Albany,  and  more 

than  thirty  acmed  men  on  Horseback,  and  that  the  Deputy  Sheriff  with  three  other  Principal 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    MBW    HAMPSHIRE    GBANTS. 


357 


lulmbitants,  were  seized  upon  and  carried  to  Albany,  where  they  were  immediately  committed  to 
Gaol — and  desireing  His  Honour  would  give  orders  for  the  Release  of  the  Persons  so  appieliended 
and  committed  adding  that  it  would  be  an  act  of  cruelty  to  Punish  Individuals  for  disputes  between 
the  two  Governments,  and  that  as  the  Jurisdiction  is  the  Main  Tiling  in  Question,  he  is  ready  and 
willing  to  submit  what  concerns  him  to  tlie  King,  not  in  the  least  doubting  but  his  Honour  will  readily 
join  in  a  Matter  so  essential  to  the  Peace  of  liis  own  Government  as  well  as  that. 

The  Council  advised  his  Honor  to  acquaint  Governor  Wentworth  with  the  circumstances  of  this 
Affair  as  reported  to  him  by  Letter  from  the  Slierilf  of  Albany  ;  and  that  as  the  Parties  were 
conuuitted  for  an  offence  within  the  undoubted  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province,  for  which  tliey  are  to 
answer  in  a  legal  course  of  Justice,  he  can  do  nothing  lurtiier  therein,  than  to  recommend  that  tlie 
Bail  demanded  be  moderate,  and  that  the  Controversy  respecting  tlie  different  claim  of  Boundary 
made  by  each  Province,  already  lies  before  his  Majesty,  his  Honor  having  lately  transmitted  his 
Representation  thereupon  to  his  Majesty. 


Order  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New  York,  in  Favor  of  the  Occupants  under 
New  Hampshire,  who  were  settled  before  the  22"''  Day  of  May,  1765. 

At  a  Council  held  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  York,  on  Wednesday  the  22* 
day  of  May,  1765, 

Present. 

The  Honorable  Cauwallader  Colden,  Esq  ;  Lieutenant  uovernor,  &c. 

Mr.  Horsmanden,  Mr.  Reade, 

Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Morris, 

Mr.  Watts, 

The  Council  taking  into  Consideration  the  Case  of  tliose  Persons,  wlio  are  actually  settled  under 
the  Grants  of  the  Government  of  J\'ew  Hampshire,  on  lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  and 
Eastward  of  Hudson''s  River ;  which,  by  his  Majesty's  Order  in  Council  of  the  twentieth  Day  of 
July  last  are  declared  to  be  witliin  the  Jurisdiction  of  tliis  Province ;  and  that  the  dispossessing  of 
such  Persons  might  be  ruinous  to  themselves  and  their  Families,  is  of  Opinion,  and  it  is  accordingly 
ordered  by  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant-Governor,  with  the  Advice  of  the  Council,  that  tlie  Surveyor 
General  do  not,  until  further  Order  make  Return  on  any  Warrant  of  Survey,  already,  or  which 
may  hereafter  come  to  his  Hands,  of  any  Lands  so  actually  possessed  under  such  Grants,  unless  lor 
the  Persons  in  actual  Possession  thereof,  as  aforesaid  ;  and  that  a  Copy  hereof  be  served  oa  said 
Surveyor-General. 


858 


CONTROVERSY  RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


PETITION  FOR  THE  ERECTION  OF  CERTAIN  COUNTIES. 


I 


To  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esquire  his  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor 
and  Commander  in  Cliief  of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories 
tliereon  Depending  in  America  in  Council. 

The  Petition  of  Tliomas  Chandler,  Isaac  Man,  David  Wooster,  Daniel  Jones,  and 
Robert  Harpur  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates  Inhabitants  of  the 
Northern  part  of  tliis  Province 

Humbly  Slieweth 

That  your  Honour  having  this  Day  been  pleased  to  signify  to  some  of  »is  that  it  is  necessary  for 
the  l)etter  administration  of  Justice  as  for  the  Convenience  and  encouragement  of  the  Settlers  that 
the  Northern  part  of  this  province  should  be  Divided  into  Several  Counties  yoiir  Petitioners  therelbre 
Humbly  beg  leave  to  propose  five  Counties,  To  wit.  Two  Counties  on  Connecticut  River,  and  three 
Counties  on  tlie  West  side  of  the  Hight  of  the  Mountains,  That  is  to  Say,  Beginning  at  Massachusets 
line  on  the  West  Bank  of  Connecticut  River  and  thence  running  due  West  with  said  line  about 
Twenty  Six  Miles  from  thence  running  North  about  twelve  Degrees  East  keeping  the  Hight  of  the 
Land  to  Latitude  forty  five  degrees  North,  and  tlien  Beginning  at  the  North  East  Corner  of  a  Township 
called  Norwich  and  running  a  Westerly  line  to  the  North  and  South  line  on  the  Hight  of  the  Land 
aforesaid  which  is  to  be  the  division  line  of  tlie  two  Counties  on  Connecticut  River  aforesaid,  Tlie 
third  County  Beginning  at  the  South  West  Corner  of  the  first  mentioned  County  upon  Massacliusetts 
line  and  running  with  said  line  to  the  North  West  corner  ot  the  province  of  the  Massachusets  Bay 
and  from  thence  Westerly  to  the  Northern  Branch  of  the  Mohawk  River  wliere  it  disembogues  into 
Hudson's  River  at  the  half  Moon,  and  from  thence  westerly  as  far  as  your  Honour  shall  think  proper, 
And  from  thence  Northerly  until  a  due  East  line  will  cross  Hudson's  River  at  Fort  Miller  and  to 
continue  the  said  line  to  the  West  line  of  the  first  mentioned  County  aforesaid.  Tlie  fourth  County 
running  thence  Northerly  along  the  said  line  so  far  as  that  a  Due  West  line  from  thence  will  strick 
the  waters  of  tlie  North  end  of  Lake  George  and  to  continue  as  far  Westerly  as  your  Honour  shall 
think  proper  And  for  the  fifth  County  from  thence  riuining  North  to  Latitude  forty  five,  from  thence 
Easterly  along  said  line  of  latitude  untill  it  stricks  the  Western  line  of  tlie  Second  County  aforesaid, 
And  your  Petitioners  Farther  Humbly  ]>ropose  that  lor  the  Convenience  of  said  Counties  to  mention 
tlie  following  places  for  tlie  respective  County  Towns,  Colden  in  the  Townsliip  formerly  called  New 
Flarasted  in  the  first  County  on  Connecticut  River  and  tlie  same  to  be  called  the  County  of  (olden, 

That  the  Second  County  on  Connecticut  River  may  be  called  Stei^ing  and  that  the  County  Town 
may  be  calleil  Newbury  and  be  in  the  Township  of  Newbury, 

That  the  third  County  may  be  called  Manchester  and  tl    t  tli<'  County  Town  may  be  at  Stillwater 

That  the  Iburth  County  be  called  Kingsbury  and  that  the  County  Town  be  called  Kingsbury  in 
the  Township  of  Kingsbury 

And  That  the  fifth  County  may  be  called  Pitt  and  that  the  County  Town  thereof  be  situate  on 
Hospital  Point  on  the  East  side  of  Lake  Champlain  near  Crown  point. 


OONTROVEBBV    RESPECTING   THE  NEW    HAMMHiRE  OBANTS. 


359 


Your  Petitioners  therefore  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates  Humbly  pray  your  Honour 
will  be  favourably  pleased  to  take  the  above  proposal  into  your  wise  consideration  and  that 
the  same  may  be  Erected  into  Counties  £i  Towns  by  tlie  names  above  mentioned  witli  the 
priviledges  usually  Granted  to  other  Counties  in  this  province  and  under  the  Restrictions 
appointed  by  his  Majesty's  Instructions 

And  Your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray. 

Tho"  Chandler 
Isaac  Man 
David  Wooster 
Robert  Harpur 
New  York  9^  October  1765.  Dan'  Jones. 

1765  Oct'  9.    Read  in  Council  and  referred  to  a  Committee. 


I 


PETITION  FOR  A  COUNTY  ON  CONNECTICUT  RIVER. 

To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq  Lieut  Governour  and  Commander  in  chief  In 
and  over  liis  Majesty's  Province  of  New  York  and  Territories  thereon  depending  in 
America  In  Council  Oct'  1765. 
The  Subscribers  j'our  Honors'  Petitioners  Humbly  shew  That  whereas  there  has  been  a  Petition 
preferd  to  your  Honors  desiring  that  the  Northern  part  of  the  Province  of  New  York  may  be  set  off 
and  divided  into  five  separate  Counties,  and  as  it  has  been  represented  to  your  Petitioners  that 
your  Honors  Judge  that  it  is  unnecessary  tliat  there  should  be  so  many  Counties  at  Present  in  that 
part  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  considering  their  Infant  State  Your  Petitioners  therelbre 
Humbly  Beg  leave  to  suggest  to  your  Honors  that  Wee  Imagine  it  will  be  necessary  for  y*  well 
ordej'ing  of  Government,  considering  the  large  Number  of  People  that  are  setled  upon  the  Lands 
upon  Connecticut  River  and  Nigli  thereto  within  said  Province,  that  tiiere  siioud  be  some  Estab- 
lislmient  made  in  order  to  detect  Vice  and  Recover  the  Just  dues  of  the  People  inhabiting  that  part 
of  said  Province.  Your  Petitioners  Humbly  pray  that  if  it  be  agreeable  to  your  Honors  that  there 
may  be  a  County  Erected  within  that  part  of  the  Province  of  New  York  aforesaid  which  lies  adjoin- 
ing to  Connecticut  River  and  to  Extend  as  far  West  from  said  River  til  it  comes  to  the  Height  of 
Land  about  twenty  six  miles  West  of  said  River  and  to  Extend  as  far  North  as  y«  45'ii  degree  of 
North  Latitude  and  to  Extend  as  far  South  as  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay  and  that  the  same 
be  Erected  into  a  County  by  the  name  of  Colden  t'.nd  that  the  County  Town  may  be  at  a  place 
known  by  the  Name  of  New  Hamsteed  and  Vested  with  such  Priviledges  as  other  Counties  in  this 
Province  Enjoy,  or  otherwise  grant  Relief  as  your  Honor  shall  Think  proper  all  of  which  is  Humbly 

Submitted  by  your  Petitioners. 

Tho»  Chandler  John  Kathara 

Zedekiah  Stone  Elijah  Williams  Jun' 

Sara'  Wells  Nathaniel  Powars 

Dan'  Jones  Josyii  Wait 

Nath"  Stone  Benj"  Wait 

Ja»  Roger  Simon  Stevens 

1765  Oct  15"'.    Read  and  referred  to  the  same  Comme.  to  whom  the  former  Petition  on  the 

same  Subject  is  referred. 


m 


36V 


CONTROVKHSY    RESPECTIKO   THV   NEW    HAMrSHIHC   OKAMtl. 


PETITION  ON  THE  SAME  SUBJECT. 


i 


To  The  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq""  Lieutenant  Governour  and  Commander  in 
Chieff,  in  and  over  His  Majestys  Province  of  New  York  &«    And  to  tlie  Hon'''*  His 
Majesty's  Council'  now  Convened. 
May  it  please  your  Honours, 

We  the  Subscribers  for  our  Selves  and  the  Rest  of  the  Inhabitants  of  tlie  North  Easterly  part  of 
this  Province,  Humbly  Pray  your  Honours,  to  take  the  case  of  said  Inhabitants  under  your  wise 
and  Serious  Consideration,  and  if  it  be  possible,  to  order  and  appoint  that  thare  be  a  County  made 
agreable  to  the  Petition  Preferred  to  your  Honours,  not  long  since,  that  offenders  mny  be  Broiiglit 
to  Justice,  and  Creditors  may  Recover  their  Just  Dues,  and  not  send  us  from  hence,  for  every  one 
to  do  wliat  is  Right  in  their  own  Eyes.  It  is  Now  near  Six  months  since  to  our  knowledge,  we 
became  inhabitants  of  this  Province,  and  have  been  ever  since  without  Law,  Notwithstanding  we 
have  made  application  to  be  protected,  but  as  yet  are  not  answered.  Should  we  be  annexed  to  the 
County  of  Albany,  as  proposed  liy  some,  we  sliall  still  lye  under  such  a  Disadvantage  tliat  Justice 
Cannot  be  had,  and  to  appoint  Justices  in  some  few  of  the  Tow  ns,  witliout  proper  Officers  to  Execute 
Warrants  Sl",  we  Humbly  Conceive  will  never  answer  y«  end,  and  which  way  any  olficer  (if  they 
should  be  appointed)  can  Execute  tlieir  Office,  so  far  as  to  carry  a  Delinquent  to  Albany,  Ibr  our 
part  we  are  at  a  loss,  as  there  can  be  no  passing  from  Connecticutt  River  to  Albany,  without  going 
Thro'  the  Province  of  tlie  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  as  soon  as  an  Officer  gits  across  tlie  line  of  the 
Province,  his  Office  leaves  him,  and  tlie  Delinquent  makes  his  Escape,  and  which  way  any  Constables 
can  be  chosen  to  Execute  any  Small  Precept  &<=  *ill  the  Towns  are  Incorporated,  we  must  Confess  we 
cannot  tell. 

We  would  Inform  )our  Honours,  that  there  has  been  one  Murder  Committed,  between  the  Upper 
and  Lower  Cowass,  and  one  man  more  missing,  that  is  supposed  to  be  murdered,  by  the  same  Villin. 
We  would  further  Suggest  to  your  Honours,  that  unless  there  be  a  County  made  as  prayed  for, 
instead  of  good  wholesome  Inhabitants  comeing  and  Settling  amongst  us,  tlie  Land  will  be  filled 
with  Nothing,  but  Villins  and  Murderers,  as  being  an  out  Law'd  place,  and  the  present  Good  Inhab- 
itants must  be  obliged  to  forsake  their  Habitations  &  Improvements,  we  can  assure  your  Honour, 
that  many  good  worthy  men  have  made  Improvements  on  some  of  said  Land  and  wait  for  Nothing 
but  a  County  to  be  made,  and  when  it  is  made  will  forthwith  move  with  theii-  Families. 

And  now  upon  the  whole,  may  it  please  your  Honours,  we  apprehend  there  is  sufficient  Evidence 
to  Induce  your  Honours  to  grant  a  County  as  prayed  for  and  hope  y«  same  may  be  forthwith  accom- 
plished and  we  Dismissed  to  Return  to  our  Se\  erall  homes  with  pretention  of  Law  &.<= 

And  we  as  in  duty  bound  shall  Ever  Pray 

Tiio»  Chandler  James  Rogers 

Nath"  Stone  Simon  Stevens 

Sam'  Wells  Zedekiah  Stone 

22*1  Ocf  1765.     Read  and  referred  to  the  Same  ? 
Committee  with  two  other  petitions.  J 


I 


OOHTROVERSY   RESPECTINQ   T«E  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORAMT8. 


361 


REPORT  ON  PRECEDING  PETITIONS. 

May  it  please  your  Honour 

In  obedience  to  your  Honours  orders  in  Council  referring  to  this  Committee,  three  several  Peti- 
tions, exliibited  by  Thomas  Chandler  and  others,  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates, 
Inhabitants  of  the  Northeastern  part  of  this  Province,  praying  tliat  for  the  better  administration  of 
Justice,  and  the  greater  Convenience  and  Encouragement  of  the  Setlers  there,  One  or  more  Coun- 
ties may  be  erected  and  Constituted  in  that  part  of  tlie  province,  with  the  Priviledges  usually  granted 
to  other  Counties  within  the  same  :  The  Committee  have  had  this  matter  under  their  Considera- 
tion, and  humbly  conceive  it  to  be  of  too  much  Importance,  as  the  Informations  they  have  been 
able  to  obtain,  are  very  contradictory  and  unsatisfactory,  to  advise  the  Establlsliment  of  any  New 
County  on  tliat  side  of  the  Province,  more  especially  as  the  Inhabitants  there,  have  as  yet  only  an 
Equitable  Title  lo  the  Lands  tliey  possess  ;  are  utterly  unacquainted  with  the  Laws  of  tlie  Province, 
and  the  Modes  of  dispensing  Justice  therein ;  wlience  it  must  in  our  opinion  be  attended  with 
greater  Inconvenience  to  invest  them  with  those  Ample  Powers,  that  will  necessarily  be  lodged  in 
their  hands  on  their  being  formed  into  a  separate  County ;  than  by  the  appointment  of  proper  and 
fit  persons  as  Justices  for  the  Conservation  of  the  Peace :  the  Mode  of  Justice  to  which  they  liave 
been  accustomed,  having  had  no  other  Jurisdiction  among  them  since  their  first  Settlement  and 
being  always  obliged  to  travel  to  Portsmouth,  where  all  tlie  Courts  of  Justice  in  the  Province  of 
New  Hampshire  are  held,  a  distance  far  more  Considerable,  than  to  the  Courts  in  Albany.  And 
should  the  Committee,  to  suit  a  present  convenience  advise  the  forming  a  part  of  the  Province  so 
little  known  into  a  County,  when  it  must  shortly  become  expedient  to  new  model  it,  private  pro- 
perty would  be  greatly  injured,  by  altering  the  seat  of  the  Courts  of  Justice,  and  other  Places  of 
Public  Resort.  Upon  the  whole  therefore,  the  Committee  are  humbly  of  oplniv^n,  tliat  your  Honour 
do  appoint  a  competent  Number  of  fit  pei*sons  for  the  Conservation  of  the  Peace  and  the  adminis- 
tration of  Justice  in  that  pari,  of  the  Province : 

All  whicli  is  nevertlieless  humbly  submitted 

By  order  of  the  Commmittee 
New  York  22''  October  1765  Wm.  Smith,  Cliairman. 


To  His  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet  Cap'  General  Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief  in 
and  Over  tlie  Province  of  New  York  and  Territories  Depending  thereon  in  America. 

In  Council 

According  to  your  Excellency  and  Honours  orders  of  yesterday  to  give  an  acco<  of  the  Names  of 

the  severall  persons  Living  on  the  Severall  Tovvnsliips  of  Land  we  Represent  and  according  to 

what  we  can  recollect  are  as  follows  viz'  In  the  Township  of  Pownal,  George  Gardner  Esq',  Liev 

Asa  Alge,  Ensign  Benj»  Briggs,  Isaac  Veiiornum,  Derick  Smith,  Luke  Venornum,  Cliarles  Wright, 

Line,  Jolui  Venornum  Abraham  Venornum,  Isaac  Venornum  Ju"-,  John  Dayford,  David  Perigo, 

Noah  Prat,  Jliii  Prat  Marsh,  Hix,  Curtis,  Peiigo,  Wittum,  WitHiin  Jntr, 

Noble,  Noble,  George  Gardner   Jun",  Paul  Gardner,  Williams  Malary,         iMaluiy, 

Carey,       Parmeter,        Hunt,  Ebeu  Comins,       Steet,Jonatlian  Card,  Rufus  Putnam,  Mattliew 

Vot.  ir.  46 


362 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   URANTS. 


I  '  ]y 


Ford,  Timothy  Bull,  Crispin  Bull,  Andrew  Alger,  Tliomns  Paine,  Roberts,  Benj«  Grover,  Enos 

Grover,  Henry  Youngs,  Jolui  Singer,  Singer,  Jolin  George  Grigger,  Wool  Kod  Grigger,  Andrew 

Burns,  Francis  Burns,  John  Hoggs,  Peter  Forsbury,  Boaz  Brookin,  Bouz  Biookin  Jun'        Hartwell, 
Jonatliau  Howard,  Rev")  M'  Gardner  &  Ids  son  Gardner 

lu  Bennington,  Samuel  Robinson  Esq'  Samuel  Robinson  Jun',  Leonr-l  Robinson,  Moses  Robinson, 
Rev'  M'  Jedidiah  Dowe,  Cap'  Jolin  Fassett,  Liev  James  Breakenridge,  Ensign  Elisha  Field,  Nathan 
Clark,  John  Fasset  Jun'  Jonathan  Fassett,  Joseph  Saffbrd,  John  Smitit,  Eben'  Wood,  Sam'  Scott, 
Sam'  Safford,  Samuel  Montague,  Jolm  Burnum,  John  Burnum  Jun',  Steplien  Storey,  Jolin  Wood, 
Oliver  Scott,  Labens  Armstrong,  Barnebas  Harmon,  Jonathan  Eastman,  Tliomas  Henderson,  Thomas 
Smith,  Eben'  Harwood,  Peter  Harwood,  Tho"  Storey,  Timothy  Pratt,  Jacob  Hide,  Sam'  Tuljhs^ 
Benajah  Rood,  John  Smith  Jun',  Henry  Walbridge,  Samuel  Attwood,  Johnson  Cleaveland,  Sam" 
Pratt,  Joseph  Weakwize,  Cornelius  Cady,  Tim"  Abbott,  Oliver  Scott,  Jonatliau  Scott,  Matthew  Scott, 
Jonathan  Scott  Jun',  Benj"  Whipple,  Isaac  Davis,  Benj»  Attwell,  Gideon  Spencer,  Beiij*  Warner, 
Jolm  Pratt,  Sam'  Sweet,  Silas  Pratt,  Dan'  Willobey,  Sam'  Wright,  Josepli  Smith,  Joseph  Saftord  Jun' 
Nathan  Clark  Jun',  John  Armstrcdig,  Moses  Scott,  Robert  Cotrerin,Zachariah  Harwood,  Elijah  Storey, 
David  Safford,  Daniel  Scott,  Hez""  Armstrong,  Joseph  Rudd,  Jedidiah  Merill,  Dan"  Warner,  Seth 
W^arner,  Elkanah  Asliley  El)en'  Robinson,  Silas  Robinson,  George  Abbott,  Simeon  H'vmon,  Benj* 
Brunson,  Jolm  Holmes,  John  Holmes  Jun',  Eliphalet  Collins  and  Josiah  Fuller  all  of  Bennington 
aforesaid  and  settled  before  tlie  first  of  June  Last  past. 

Tlie  account  of  the  Inhanitants  of  Sliaftsbnry  are  in  a  Paper  by  themselves. 

In  Arlington,  Capt.  Jehiel  Hawley,  Ebenezer  Wallis,  Isfiac,  Wallis,  Ebenezer  Wallis  Jun' 
Wallis,  David  Williams,  Jolm  Searl,  Sam'  Adams,  Zaclieus  Malary,  Gideon  Searl,  Pindle, 

Hail,  Moses  Peck,  Jolm  Pray,  Ames,  W™  Searl,  Remembrance  Baker,  Doct'  Burton, 

and  many  more  persons  wiiose  Names  we  cannot  Recollect, 

In  Sunderland,  Liev'  Gideon  Worrin,  Isaac  Hill,  Gideon  Brunson,  Timothy  Brunson,  Widow 
W^orrin  and  Ciiildren  and  Divers  other  i>ersous  tliat  have  been  at  Work  and  are  gon  to  make 
Ready  to  bring  their  Famalies. 

In  Mancliester,  Stephen  Mead,  Timothy  Mead,  James  Mead,  Eurll,  Welsli,  Jeremiah 

French,  William  Marsh,  Daniel  Allen,  Benj"  Mackcntire,  Tliomas  Brown,  Henry  Biddleston, 
Johns,  Wait  Hopkins,  Stephen  Hopkins,  Pinne,  Whelpleyand  Micliael  Hopkins  and 

Divers  others. 

There  is  Seven  famalies  in  Draper  and  Divers  more  Cleared  &  Improved  their  Lands 

In  Danbey  are  Severall  Famalies  settled  and  many  been  at  Work. 

All  which  is  Humbly  Submitted  To  Your  Excellency  &  Honours  by  your  most 

Dutifull  obedient  and  very  Humble  Servants 

New  York  IS""  Day  of  Samll  Rodikson 

December  1765.  Jeremiah  Fuench 


l'{i, 


CX>NTROVKRSY    RESPKCTING    THE   NEW    UAMPSIIIRE    GRANTS. 


363 


THOMAS  CHANDLER  TO  GOV.  MOORE. 

Mny  it  please  your  Excellency 

According  to  your  Directions  on  Saturday  Last,  I  have  with  the  assistance  of  M'  Stone,  Computed 
the  Number  of  Men  fit  to  bear  urmes  in  the  Limits  of  A  Proposed  Regiment,  to  be  under  my  Coni' 
niand,  and  find  tlie  same  to  be  about  six  Hundred,  that  we  account  for. 

And  in  the  Limits  of  the  Propos**  Regiment  for  Col"  Bayley,  about  Three  hundred, 
from  your  Excellency's  most  Dutifull  Obedient,  and  Very  Humble  Servant 

TnOMAS  ClIAMDLEK. 

New  York  Jan' 20th  nee. 

To  His  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet. 


>\l 


Order  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New  Yokk,  tliat  the  Claimants  under  New  Hami>shire, 
Sue  out  their  Grants  by  a  limited  Time,  to  prevent  the  Preference  of  other  Peiiiioners. 

At  a  Council  hekl  at  Fort  George,  in  the  City  of  Mew  York  on  Friday,  the 
Sixth  Day  of  June  1760. 

Present. 

His  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Molie,  Baronet,  Captain  General,  &<=, 
Mr.  Smith,  Mr.  Read, 

Mr.  Watts,  Mr.  Morris, 

Mr.  De  Lancey. 
The  Board  having  under  Consideration,  sundry  Petitio'is  of  Lands;  lying  on  the  West  Side  of 
Connecticut  River,  which  were  formerly  granted  by  Letters  Patent  under  tlie  Seal  of  the  Pi-ovince 
of  JVcvo  Hampshire,  but  were  then  actually,  and  do  now  by  his  Majesty's  Order  in  Council  of  the 
SO**  day  of  July  1 764  appear  to  be  within  the  Limitsof  this  Province:  It  is  ordered  by  his  Excellency 
the  Governor,  with  the  Advice  of  the  Council,  that  all  Persons  holding  or  claiming  Lands  under  such 
Grants,  do,  as  soon,  as  may  l)e,  appear  by  themselves  or  their  Attornies,  and  produce  the  same, 
togetlier  with  all  Deeds,  Conveyances,  or  other  Instruments  by  whicli  tliey  derive  any  Title  or  Claim 
to  the  said  Lands,  before  his  Excellency  in  Council ;  and  that  tlie  Claims  of  such  Person  or 
Pel  sons  who  shall  not  appear,  and  support  the  same  as  aforesaid,  within  the  Space  of  three  Months 
from  the  Date  hereof,  be  rejected;  and  the  Petitions  already  preferred  for  tlie  said  Lands  forthwith 
proceeded  upon;  also  that  Notice  hereof  be  given,  by  publishing  this  Order  three  Weeks  successively 
in  one  or  more  of  the  public  News-Papers  printed  in  this  City. 

(Here  tbllows) 
An  ordinance  for  establishing  a  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  a  Court  of  General 
Sessions  of  the  Peace  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of 
New  York. 
11  July  1766:    Read  in  Councill  &  approved  of  and  ordered  to  pass  the  Seals. 


864 


OONTUOVEIWY    RSSPErriNG    THE    NEW    HAMPHIIIRE    UHAMTS. 


A  Nomination  of  the  Civil  Authority  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New 
Yorlc. 

Surrogate  Thomas  Chandler  )  >    .      ^ 

Joseph  Lord  >  '"'^8*'  "^  ^^^  J*^**'  *  Justices  of  the  Quorum  in  y" 

Samuel  Wells        )         Commission  of  y  Peace 

Nathan  Stone        "\ 

Oliver  Willard       A  ggistant  Justices  in  the  Commission  of  the  Pleas  and 

John  Arms  {         Justices  of  y»  Quorum  in  y«  Commission  of  the 

James  Rogers         r        p^^^.^ 

Benjamin  EellowsX 

John  Church         J 

Jolm  Chandler  Justice  of  y*  Peace  and  Quorum 


William  Willard 
Thomas  Bridgman 
Bildad  Andios 
and  John  Curtis 


>  Justices  of  Peace 


John  Chandler  Clerk  of  General  Sessions  of  y«  Peace  and  Court  of  Common  Pleas 
Thomas  Chandler  Jun»  High  SherifiFto  the  25">  October  1767. 
Timothy  Olcott  and  Samuel  Taylor  Coroners 


In  Council  New  York  12«»«  Febi-  ./  1767. 
The  Council  having  under  their  Consideration  the  Petitions  of  sundry  Persons  for  certain  Tracts 
of  Land  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  which  have  heretofore  been  granted  in  Townships 
by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  under  the  Great  Seal  of  that  Province  ;  and  conceiving  it 
improper  to  proceed  on  such  Petitions  until  one  or  more  of  the  principal  Proprietors  in  each 
Township,  duly  authorized  by  the  Rest  shall  appear  and  produce  such  Powers  from  the  other 
Proprietors,  and  answer  to  such  Questions  relative  to  the  Lands  so  granted,  as  shall  be  demanded  of 
them  by  this  Board.  It  is  ordered  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  the  Council, 
that  all  Proceedings  on  the  Petitions  aibresaid,  be  suspended,  until  the  appearance  before  his 
Excellency  in  Council,  of  such  principal  Proprietor  or  Proprietors  of  each  respective  Township 
duely  authorized  to  sue  out  a  Grant  for  the  same  in  behalf  of  all  the  Persons  interested  therein,  and 
sufficienty  prepared  to  give  the  fullest  Information  to  the  Board  respecting  the  shares  of  the  several 
Claimants. — Counc.  Min.  xxix. 


1'! 


CONTROVERSY    RESPKCTING   TIIK   MEW    HAMPflMIKB   GBAMTM. 


36& 


LORD  SIlELBl'UNE  TO  GOV.  MOORE. 


[  Luiid  Doo.  xl.  J 


Sir 


Whitehall  April  ll*"  1167. 


Two  Petitions  having  been  most  humbly  presented  to  the  King  in  council,  One  by  tlie  uncorporuted 
Society  tor  the  propagation  of  the  Ouspel,  and  tlieutlier  by  Samuel  Robinson  of  Bennington,  in  belialf 
of  liimself,  and  more  tiian  one  tliousand  other  grantees  of  Lands  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut 
River,  under  certain  Grunts  issued  l)y  Renniiig  Wentworth  Esq'*  Governour  of  New  ilanipsliire  & 
praying  for  redress  in  several  great  Grievances  tlierein  set  fortli,  lest  tiiere  should  be  any  further 
proceedings  in  this  matter,  till  such  time  as  tlie  council  slmll  have  Examined  into  tlie  grounds  of  it, 
I  am  to  signify  to  you  His  Majesty's  Commands  that  jou  make  no  new  Grants  of  tliese  Lands  and 
that  you  do  not  molest  any  person  in  tlie  (|uiet  possession  of  His  Grant,  wiio  can  produce  good  and 
valid  Deeds  for  such  Grant  under  the  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  Uampsliire  until  you  receive 
further  orders  respecting  them. 

In  my  letter  of  tlie  11'''  Dec  I  was  very  Explicit  upon  the  point  of  former  Grants  you  are 
therein  directed  to  '<  take  care  that  tiie  Inliabitauts  lying  Westward  of  tlie  Line,  reported  by  tlie 
"  Lords  of  Trade  as  the  Boundai-y  of  the  Two  Provinces  be  not  molested  on  account  of  Territorial 
«  differences,  or  disputed  jurisdiction  for  whatever  Prmnnce  the  Setlers  may  be  found  to  belong  to,  it 
"  should  make  no  difference  in  their  Property,  provided  that  their  Titles  to  their  Lands  should  be 
"  found  good  in  other  Respects  or  that  they  have  been  long  in  the  uninterrupted  Possession  of  them." 
His  Majesty's  Intentions  are  so  clearly  expressed  to  you  in  the  above  Paragraph  that  I  Cannot  doubt 
of  your  having  immediately  upon  receipt  of  it  removed  every  cause  of  those  complaints  which  the 
Petitioners  set  forth.  If  not  it  is  the  King's  express  command  that  it  may  be  done  without  the 
smallest  delay.  The  Power  of  Granting  Lands  was  vested  in  tlie  Governoui-s  of  the  Colony  originally 
for  the  purpose  of  accommodating  not  distressing  setlers  especially  the  poor  and  industrious  any 
perversion  of  that  Power,  therefore  must  be  highly  derogatory  both  fi-ora  the  dignity  of  their 
Stations  and  from  that  disinterested  Character  which  a  Governor  ought  to  support,  and  which  His 
Majesty  expects  from  every  person  honored  by  liim  With  his  Commission.  The  unreasonableness 
of  obliging  a  very  large  Tract  of  Country  to  pay  a  Second  'rime  the  immense  sum  of  tliirty  three 
thousand  pounds  in  Fees  according  to  the  allegations  of  this  Petition  for  no  otiier  reason  than  its  being 
found  necessary  to  settle  the  Line  of  Boundary  between  the  Colonies  in  question  is  so  unjustifiable 
that  his  Majesty  is  not  only  determined  to  have  the  strictest  Enquiry  made  into  the  Circumstances  of 
the  Charge,  but  expects  the  clearest  and  fullest  answer  to  every  part  of  it. 

I  am  &c. 

Sir  Henry  Moore  Bar^  Shelbuhne. 


n 


GOVERNOR  MOORE  TO  LORD  SHELBURNE. 

[  LoDd.  Doo.  zl.  ] 

Fort  George  New  York  9'»>  June  1767. 

My  Lord,    It  is  impossible  for  me  to  express  the  concern  and  astonishment  I  was  under  on 

receiving  your  Lordship's  letter  of  the  IV*>  of  April  inclosing  the  copies  of  two  Petitions,  one  from 

the  Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel,  and  the  other  from  Samuel  Robinson  aiid  his  associates. 

Although  some  people  have  often  made  free  with  tlie  characters  of  his  Majesty's  Governors  in 


i-'i 


3C6 


CONTROVKHSV    HKBPKCTINCi    THR   ^KW    IIAMPHIIIHK   (iHANTH. 


Aiuerloa  in  coiiiiiinii  (•oiivfisution,  hiuI  Imve  frequently  niisi-tprcsinttd  fitcir  uctiuiis,  yet  I  uhvnys 
tlioiiglit  that  so  niucli  dci  «'iu'y  woiiUl  constantly  be  preserved  in  an  atUlitss  ti»  the  tiuwii,  tliui  it 
siionlil  cojitain  no  ussertions  of  Facts  l)Ut  wiiat  were  inconlestalile  ;  I  \>v^  leave  to  assure  jour 
LordsJii])  that  tliis  is  very  I'ar  I'rum  being  the  rase  at  present,  and  that  it  gave  niu  tlie  liigliest  satis- 
faeliiin  to  Unci  that  His  Majesty  was  determined  not  only  to  liav e  the  strictest  eminiiy  niiidt*  into 
the  circunistancesol'tlie  charges  in  the  Petition,  Imt  that  he  expected  tlie  clearest  and  lullcsl  iinswers 
to  every  jtart  of  it.  As  I  am  persuaded  that  when  the  truth  is  laid  opt'U  it  will  fully  ajipear  tliat  I 
have  neitlier  perverted  the  Power  lodged  in  n>y  hands,  nor  acted  in  any  nnumer  derogatory  to  my 
station,  and  that  so  l.ir  from  deserving  the  least  im]>utation  of  oppression,  I  have  made  disinter- 
estedness the  characteristic  of  my  administration  as  I  I !  ought  it  lncuml)eut  on  me  tt>  support  in 
every  shape  the  dignity  of  the  comniission  witli  whicli  His  Majesty  had  been  pleased  to  honor  me. 

To  begin  my  answer  as  far  back  as  I  can,  I  beg  leave  to  transeribe  some  minutes  of  the  Council 
which  are  as  follows — 

On  Wednesday  the  10th  of  April  17G5,  theLieuten*  Governor  laid  before  the  Council  His  Majesty's 
order  in  Council  dated  July  20">  17G  t  declaring  the  River  Connecticut  to  be  the  Boundary  between 
the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire. 

On  Wednesday  the  22''  day  of  May  1765  tlie  Council  having  taken  into  their  consicU'ration  tlie 
Ciise  of  the  persons  who  are  actually  settled  under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  and  Iieiiig  of  (tjiinion 
that  the  dispossessing  tliem  of  their  Lands,  would  be  ruinous  to  tliem  and  their  Fainiliis  save  it  as 
their  opinion  to  the  Lieu'  Gov'  that  the  Siu-veyor  general  be  direetetl  not  to  make  any  jcHuii  till 
further  orders,  on  any  Warrant  of  survey  already  made  or  which  may  hereafter  come  to  his  liands 
of  any  Lands  possessed  under  those  Grants,  unless  for  the  Persons  who  were  in  the  actual  Possession 
thereof. 

On  Tuesday  the  22''  day  of  October  17G5  The  Council  gave  it  as  their  oi)inion  that  in  the  Patents 
then  ready  to  be  granted  to  Cajit"  John  Small  and  M'  Napier  the  Director  Gen"  of  the  Hospitals,  a 
reservation  should  be  maile  of  the  Lands  actually  possessetl  anil  improved  by  Jacob  Marsh  and  ids 
associates  to  the  amount  of  200  acres  to  each  Person. 

It  would  be  proper  to  observe  here  that  these  Lands  though  petitioned  for  under  a  grant  tioin 
New  Hampshire  were  within  20  miles  of  Hudsons  Kiver,  but  were  still  notwithstanding  the 
encroachment,  protected  on  account  of  the  Settlement  on  them,  although  the  Title  set  up  was  rejected. 

On  my  arrival  here  which  was  on  the  li"'  day  of  Noveml)er  17«i5,  I  found  tlie  Provinct;  in  so 
much  Disorder  occasion'd  by  the  frequent  Kiots  which  prevailed  at  that  Time,  tliat  no  business  of 
any  kind  was  transacted,  all  the  offices  were  shutt  up  and  (jf  course  no  application  Ibr  Lands 
made,  lur  I  was  determined  not  to  issue  any  papers  except  such  as  were  stamped  and  the  i)eople 
here  refused  to  take  them  on  that  condition.  The  particular  cireumstauces  of  those  troubles 
having  been  already  transmitted  to  England  mention  is  only  made  of  them  now,  to  show  that  I  never 
entered  on  any  part  of  tliat  Department  which  has  been  proiluctive  of  the  present  cluirge  against 
me,  till  after  the  repeal  of  the  Stamp  act. 

I  hope  I  shall  not  be  thought  too  prolix  in  relating  all  the  steps  which  liav  e  been  taken  on  this 
occasion  for  I  would  not  have  the  least  article  omitted  relative  to  the  Lands  in  (piestion  that  the 
whole  may  at  once  be  submitted  to  His  Majesty's  determination.  After  having  set  forth  what  has 
been  done  in  a  regular  course  of  Proceedings  here  I  shall  then  answer  the  particulars  of  Mr. 
Kobinsons  Petition. 

No  sooner  was  the  Stamp  ;ct  repealed  and  tlie  olFices  opened  again,  but  Petitions  were  preferred 
by  many  of  the  Inhabitants  here  for  grants  of  Lands  on  the  Connecticut  River,  but  as  I  appre- 
hended it  would  be  highly  iuii)roper  to  issue  any  till  the  Rights  of  those  jiersons  were  ascertained 


rONTROVr.RSV    RMPKCTtNa    THE   NEW   irAMPSIIIRC   URANTS. 


3«7 


wlio  sot  up  cluims  under  New  Ilanipslilre  Cliarters,  an  order  wiis  piihlislird  l>y  tlx- ndvire  of  tli« 
Council  re<|ulrinK  all  {xTsuns  holdlDg  or  clHiniinK  I.untis  undi-r  tiucli  Uniiits  to  appfnr  l>y  tlinns)  1\  1 8 
or  tliflr  Attorm-ys and  produce  tli«  same  togetlier  witli  the  Deeds,  conveymices,  or  otiicr  iiislruinciil* 
by  wldcli  tljey  derived  any  Title  or  Claim,  bcl'ore  tlie  Governor  in  Council  witliin  tliret*  luontliH 
from  tl\e  date  of  the  order,  and  tliat  tlie  Claims  of  tlioso  wlio  should  n<it  pay  <hic  Oi)cdience  to  that 
order  wouhl  bo  rejected.  Tliis  had  tlie  desired  eil'ect,  and  altlio'  it  was  n<>t  stiinly  ciniiplycil  with 
as  to  tlie  Time  lindted,  no  advantage  was  taken  of  sucli  Delay,  Jind  in  a  i'vw  ninnths,  I'ellljons 
Memorials  &.'^  were  lodged  hy  Persons  sent  up  from  thence  setliiiii;  up  cliilms  to  ninety  six  Tnwii- 
ships;  of  this  Numl)er  no  less  tiian  twenty  one  were  deemed  to  he  in  tliis  Gi»vernment  hefoie  his 
Mafys  order  in  Coiuicil  f(U'  fixing  the  Limitts  on  the  Connecticut  Kiver,  as  tliey  were  within  tuiiity 
miles  of  tlie  Iludsons  River  and  within  the  same  distanei  t'  the  Waters  of  South  hay  and  the  l.ako 
CImmplain.  It  was  Imagind  that  this  was  only  by  way  of  Kvperlnuiit  to  try  how  far  this  I'mvinee 
would  carry  its  indulgence  towards  them,  as  it  has  not  yet  appeared  to  us  that  any  kind  ot'cellle- 
meiit  was  ever  made  on  any  of  those  claims  except  in  the  Townships  of  Shaitshury  Uennlngton  it 
Pownall  which  were  ordered  by  advice  of  the  Council  to  be  confirmed  to  those  who  wele  actually 
settled  there.  As  to  the  rest  of  the  21  Townships  no  Improvement  ever  lia\  ing  been  attempted  on 
them.  The  Lands  after  laying  waste  beyond  the  time  limited  for  settling  them  became  again  vested 
in  the  Crown  by  the  Conditions  of  the  Charter.  Proceedings  have  l)eeii  had  on  21  of  the  remaining 
number  so  far  us  Warrants  of  survey  in  pursuance  of  the  orders  in  Council  for  that  purpose,  but 
although  by  His  Majestys  Instructions  the  Warrants  of  survey  are  directed  to  be  returned  within  six 
months  after  they  are  issued  some  of  these  have  been  issued  above  Kighteen  months  and  no  n  turn 
yet  made.  Four  Townsliips  have  gone  throiigli  all  the  Forms  and  their  Patents  have  passed  the 
Great  Seal  ;  Three  more  lay  before  mo  ready  for  signing  at  the  Time  I  received  your  Liirdships 
J^etter  mentioning  his  Majestys  Cinninands  that  no  more  Grants  should  be  made  till  His  I'leasuio 
should  be  signified  to  mo. 

The  Proi>rietors  of  tlie  Lands  intended  to  bo  conveyed  by  those  Patents  have  been  made  acijuainted 
with  the  orders  I  have  received,  who  do  not  seem  to  thiidc  themselves  umh'r  any  obligation  to  Mr 
Robinson  wliose  Petition  has  been  the  cause  of  the  present  obstacle  laid  in  their  way,  I'or  they  ha\e 
been  some  time  iu  Town  to  get  their  papers  through  the  dilferent  offices  and  nnist  now  return  homo 
again  witho.it  putting  the  finishing;  hand  to  the  Patents  which  will  lay  them  under  the  necessity  of 
nnother  long  Journey  to  this  City.  The  remaining  forty  eight  Townships  have  never  taken  any 
other  step  than  that  of  putting  in  a  claim  without  prosecuting  it,  and  I  am  persuaded  that  on  exam- 
ination of  their  Pretensions,  tew,  if  any  Settlers  will  be  Ibund  on  them.  I  have  takeji  as  much 
pains  us  I  possibly  could  to  come  at  the  true  State  of  those  Townships,  but  cannot  discover  by  any 
means,  I  have  as  yet  made  use  of,  that  any  Settlements  have  ever  been  made  in  the  country  suj)- 
posed  to  be  covered  by  these  last  mentioned  chums  but  that  tlie  Lund  still  remains  in  the  same 
desert  and  uncultivated  state  in  which  it  was  at  the  first  granting  of  those  Charters.  As  soon  as 
the  Riots  and  disturbances  here  had  subsitled,andthe  comr.ion  business  of  the  Province  had  returned 
into  the  usual  CImnnell,  I  took  the  first  Opportunity  of  enquiring  into  the  state  of  that  Part  of  the 
Province  which  lay  on  the  Connecticut  River  and  having  got  together  some  of  the  principal 
Claimants  of  the  Lands,  I  desired  to  be  informed  of  the  Progress  already  made  in  the  settlements 
and  directed  them  to  point  out  to  me  in  what  shape  I  could  assist  them  as  I  imagined  they  then 
stood  in  need  of  all  the  aid  which  the  Government  could  give  them;  The  first  thing  which  occurred 
was  the  difliculty  they  were  likely  to  labour  under  in  regard  to  their  Situation,  as  that  part  of  the 
Province  was  included  in  the  County  of  Albany,  the  county  town  of  which  was  at  too  great  a  distance 
from  them  to  give  attendance  there;  For  their  relief  in  this  article  I  proposed  to  the  Assembly  that 


i 


968 


COMTROVI'.HIV    BKHPIxriNU    TIIK   HtW    IIAMPtlllllR   nilANTI. 


some  part  of  that  District  Miould  bo  erected  lnt(»  a  separate  County,  wlilch  wns  a  Inrgo  Trnct  which 
tn4.)k  ill  a  space  e(]ual  to  Forty  supiwNcd  Townships  wns  iniliided  in  tlie  Connly  which  wns  called 
Cumberland  ;  Several  Bills  were  passed  to  Eualtle  them  to  build  a  Oiurt  IloUite,  Prison,  &c<'.  and 
every  priviledge  jH)s»essed  by  the  other  Counties  in  the  Province  was  niunted  to  tlieni  rxccpt  tlmt 
of  sending  Meml)ers  to  the  Assembly  wlilch  at  their  own  recjiiest  was  letl  out,  ti>r  tlie  n*'\v  i'minty 
was  neither  |M)puliius  enougli  to  require  such  n  Frivlledge,  antl  theexpt-nce  of  paying  tiulr  Meniheis 
which  is  constantly  practised  in  this  jiart  of  the  world  would  have  been  burthentiome  to  tliem  so 
that  they  themselves  for  these  reasons  alone  declined  it.  I  afterwards  issued  out  Connnissions  liir 
i>)rndng  a  Militia  in  those  parts,  and  in  some  months  afterwards  a  return  was  made  to  me  of  llio 
Kegiment  formed  there,  which  amounted  to  upwards  of  OOO  men.  I  couhl  not  help  expressing  mucji 
8atlsfacti<m  at  seeing  so  large  a  Iteturn,  and  expected  to  tlnd  that  the  number  of  linuilies  was  hi 
proportion  to  it,  but  titeOlficer  who  made  it  would  not  im])ose  on  me,  and  told  me  in  a  very  in.i;tiiu- 
ous  maimer  that  a  great  number  uf  Families  concerned  in  tiiuse  Laiuls  resided  either  In  New 
Eiiglaiul,  New  Humpsliire  or  Connecticut  and  had  never  been  upon  them;  some  of  tiie  most  active 
young  People  out  of  eacli  family  were  sent  there  tu  begin  the  Settlem'*  many  of  whom  at  the  closn 
of  tlie  summer  returned  tu  their  Iloiues,  others  more  industrious  continued  there  in  the  Winter  that 
by  forwarding  their  improvements  they  might  more  readily  pave  tlie  way  for  those  who  did  not 
choose  to  encounter  all  the  ditncultys  of  u  New  Settlement  but  waited  till  some  improvements  were 
made  before  they  removed.  The  same  steps  could  not  be  taken  for  the  service  of  that  j)art  of  the 
Country  to  tlie  North  of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  lor  although  the  District  was  large  enough  to 
form  a  County  of  the  same  extent,  very  few  Iniprf)veinents  had  iieen  made  in  any  of  the  Townsliips 
except  in  that  of  Newberry,  the  Inhabitants  of  whicli  were  desirous  of  having  another  County  formed 
as  they  imagined  it  would  be  tlie  means  of  introducing  Settlers  there  but  the  J.egislature  was  of 
opinum  that  it  would  be  a  great  absurdity  to  give  tlie  priviledges  of  a  Comity  to  a  few  families  in 
tlieir  present  situation  but  at  the  same  time  assured  them  that  they  sliould  be  put  on  the  same 
l)K)ting  with  the  Neighboring  County  as  soon  as  there  was  a  suliicient  uuiul)er  of  Inliabitants  to 
require  it. 

As  it  wns  necessary  that  sometlilng  should  be  done  to  encourage  jteople  to  settle  in  tliose  j)art8, 1 
determined  then  to  engage  personally  in  it,  and  to  take  up  a  Tract  of  Land  there  whidi  shiiiild  be 
distributed  out  to  poor  Families  in  Small  Farms  on  the  condition  that  they  should  begin  upon  tlie 
manufacture  of  Pot  ash  and  the  culture  of  Hemp  ;  His  Majesty's  Council  having  apiiroved  of  my 
plan  consented  to  have  a  Township  laid  out  for  me  and  some  others  associated  with  me,  at  twelve 
miles  distance  from  the  North  Line  of  the  County  of  Cumberland,  and  on  a  spot  neither  granted  by 
New  Hampshire  nor  claimed  by  any  persons  whatsoever.  I  then  made  public  my  Intentions  of  giving 
the  Land  in  certain  proportions  to  the  Families  inclined  to  settle  thereon,  and  that  no  rents  or  profits 
should  be  reserved  for  myself,  but  that  the  whole  ot  them  should  remain  with  the  proprietors  on 
condition  of  manufacturing  so  much  Pot  Ash  yearly  and  that  a  certain  quantity  of  acres  according 
to  the  abilities  of  each  family  should  be  constantly  planted  with  Hemp.  These  conditions  lieiiig 
fulfilled,  the  Fee  of  the  Lands  was  to  be  vested  absolutely  in  the  Possessors  of  them ;  no  sooner 
were  these  Terms  made  known  but  applications  were  made  by  different  Persons  for  Grants  and  no 
less  than  14  Families  are  already  settled  on  it,  and  I  have  had  proposals  made  from  Ten  more  now 
living  in  this  Town  who  will  be  settled  there  during  the  course  of  the  Summer,  besides  several  others 
as  well  from  Connecticut  as  tlie  Massachusets  Bay,  so  that  there  is  the  greatest  probability  of  a  con- 
siderable Settlement  being  made  tliere  in  a  very  short  space  of  time.  But  as  the  giving  of  Lands 
alone  to  these  people  was  not  sufBcient  without  other  assistance  I  have  at  their  request  ordered  a  Saw 
Mill  and  Grist  mill  to  be  built  for  tlieir  use,  and  as  their  is  no  building  in  that  part  of  the  Country 


a)NrHuvtiiNV  urNi'ti  TiNi;   mi:  nkw  iiampiiiiihi:  uhanti. 


set 


yi-t  iipjiroprlnffl  for  divlno  VVorNlii|>,  I  Imvc  <lirr<l»'(l  ii  Clmn-li  to  bt<  Imilt  nt  my  s(»l«'  ••xpoiir«>  in  fli« 
(^t'lilir  III' tlit<  'l'(i\viiHlii|i,  ainl  xliiill  M't  ii|>iiit  II  liii'^c  I'ai'iiMiH  II  (ili'lif  ti>r  tin- liiciiniln'iit ;  'riiisv 
iiifHsiii't'!!  I  aiii  iMTximdi'il  will  eoiitrlltuli'  gifaliy  to  tlir  |i«'<>]ilfliiK  <>!  that  |>ait  of  llic  I'iovIihc,  for 
many  ufitltliy  IN'isoiis,  Inluiltitants  of  this  'I'mMi,  on  stt'tiiii;  wiiat  I  luivf  iluiif  aiitl  >till  ]>ici)>.iM' tu 
do,  liave  a!«so<-lat('d  tiifuiSflvfs  togi'thi-r  in  sullifivnt  Niuiilx'rM  to  Ik-  nitltlcd  to  'rosvn<>hi|is  tlii'n',aiiii 
hav«*  lakfii  all  th«*  ncn>Mary  stfps  to  « any  their  I'lunit  into  i-xrciitinn,  many  l')'oi)ii- Ix  iiig  acliuiily 
t'mployi'd  In  Surveying  and  divlditii,^  Into  dltli-it'nt  Lotis  the  Lands  they  havt'  taki-n  \i\>.  I  hiivo 
likcwiso  liiid  a  To\vn8lu|i  laiil  out  and  vtstctl  in  Truslirs  lot-  the  iisit  of  tlio  Ministers  of  tlic  (■(in)ii'I 
according  to  the  Communion  ol'  the  Chnrcii  of  Kn^land,  and  aiiotlin-  for  tiu-  nM>  of  the  CoiicKc  ht  re, 
that  tlie  ()|i|iortindty  nilKht  not  he  lost  of  Improving  tiic  morals  as  well  as  fortunes  of  tlieNew  SiltlcrH 
in  so  distant  u  part  of  the  Provlnee. 

This  was  our  Situation  when  I  hud  the  honor  of  reeeivln^  your  Lordbhips  Letter  siKnif^in^  His 
Majesty's  Commands  that  no  more  Grants  sliould  Ite  nuuio  in  that  part  of  tiie  Province,  till  Mis 
Pleasure  shoidd  be  made  known,  and  although  I  apprehend  that  the  Lands  eluimed  under  the  New 
Ilampsldro  ciiarters  were  tlie  only  Lands  intended  to  he  included  In  this  injunction,  yet  as  I  would 
not  presiune  to  p>»t  any  construction  on  the  orders  I  have  received  which  ndght  appear  forced,  I 
have  given  notice  that  no  Grunts  of  any  Lands  whatsoever  will  be  made  on  the  Coiuiecticut  Itlver 
till  Ills  Maty'g  Fleusure  is  known  as  this  order  will  strike  u  damp  on  some  of  our  settlers  and  more 
especially  on  tlie  last  mentioned  adventurers  who  having  kept  clear  of  all  the  New  Hampshire  Griinis, 
looked  upon  tlieniselves  to  be  jjcrfectly  Safe  In  their  Proceedings.  It  woidd  be  of  signal  service  to  tho 
Province  to  receive  His  Majesty's  comni''"  before  thut  ardor  which  they  have  hitherto  shewed  ia 
carrying  on  settlements  is  uliuted.  I  mention  this  as  I  think  it  a  Public  Concern  and  I  hope  by 
what  I  have  already  said  of  the  share  I  have  had  in  these  Transactions  that  it  will  appear  to  }(iur 
Lordship  that  my  private  em(dumcnt  has  not  been  atten<ied  to  in  the  Plan  I  have  pursued  but  that 
I  have  acted  entirely  from  motives  of  Public  Concern.  No  advantage  could  possibly  arise  (o  mo 
but  by  keeping  the  Lands  in  ray  own  hands  the  prollts  of  which  even  in  this  case  wnuld  be  distant 
and  precarious,  The  Expcnce  immediate  &  certain  ;  Hy  granting  them  in  the  manner  alrt'iuiy  men- 
tioned I  flatter  myself  that  I  shall  have  the  satisfaction  ot  setting  on  toot  manul'actures  highly 
beneQcial  both  to  this  Province  and  Great  Britain  and  my  utmost  ambition  in  carrying  this  Project 
into  execution  was  to  have  His  Majesty's  approbation  of  my  conduct  in  the  attemp'. 

Having  thus  set  down  at  large  the  steps  whicli  huve  l)cen  tuken  in  regard  to  the  Lands  on  tho 
Connecticut  Klver  I  shall  now  proceed  to  answer  with  as  much  brevity  us  possible  the  substance 
of  Mr.  Kobinson's  Petition  who  says  tlmt  it  is  in  behalf  of  himself  and  One  Thousand  Gruntcrs. 

That  tliere  was  such  a  number  of  Grantees  I  will  not  take  ujion  me  absolutely  to  contradict 
because  I  can  not  do  it  with  such  certainty  as  could  carry  manifest  proof  with  it,  but  by  what  I 
have  alrea<ly  mentioned  with  regard  to  the  settling  tins  Part  of  the  Country  I  am  persuaded  that 
there  is  not  one  half  that  number  on  the  Lands  and  no  longer  ago  than  this  morning  I  was  coufirmJ 
in  my  opinion  by  two  persons  who  came  to  make  application  for  Lands  in  that  Quarter,  and  I  have 
likewise  been  credibly  intbrmed  that  there  are  in  Robinson's  Petition  the  names  of  a  great  munber  of 
the  Inliabitants  of  this  Town  and  tlie  adjacent  Provinces,  who  never  were  upon  the  Lands  or  ever 
intended  it,  and  had  only  purchased  shares  to  dispose  of  them  again.  A  few  days  before  the  Peti- 
tionrs  left  this  Place  I  had  some  iraperlect  information  of  their  Intention  &  endeavoured  to  get  a 
sight  of  the  Petition  and  the  Names  subscribed  to  it  but  could  not  succeed  in  either  as  it  was  kept 
so  very  secret  I  thought  it  my  duty  to  give  what  information  I  could  of  some  Persons  concerned  in 
it  to  the  Lords  Coram''  for  Trade  and  Plantations  and  wrote  a  Letter  to  the  Board  of  Trade  dated 


4 


Vol,.  IV 


47 


370 


ZONT'AOVERSY    RSSPECTING   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


il 


Dec*  23^  1766  a  copy  of  which  I  have  here  inclosed  for  your  Lordships  Perusal  as  it  states  some 
Facts  necessary  to  be  known  relative  to  the  Petitioners. 

Tlie  six  first  Paragraphs  of  the  Petition  relating  to  Transactions  before  my  arrival  I  could  not 
take  upon  me  to  answer  myse»^,  but  liaving  wrote  to  Lieut.  Gov.  Colden  desiring  him  to  give  me 
the  best  Informations  he  could  on  those  Heads,  I  have  herewitli  transmitted  his  letter,  together  with 
the  Copy  of  the  Proclamation  he  issued,  and  likewise  the  Extract  of  a  Letter  of  James  Duane  Esq'« 
a  Barrister  at  Law  here,  and  a  man  of  so  good  a  Character  that  ids  Testimony  carries  the  greatest 
weight  With  it,  who  being  acquainted  with  some  of  the  Proceedings  of  Robinson,  and  having  ren- 
dered him  some  services  I  thought  it  proper  to  apply  to  him  for  a  further  confirmation  of  wliat  I 
have  already  advanced  in  this  Letter  in  regard  to  a  Number  of  Townships  being  granted  by  New 
Hampsliire  within  the  acknowledged  Bounds  of  this  Province. 

I  now  come  to  tliat  pari  of  the  Petition  whicli  relates  to  myself,  and  as  the  7i'>  Article  of  it  only 
mentions  the  Order  whicl.  was  issued  by  me  and  taken  notice  of  in  the  former  part  of  this  Letter, 
I  shall  proceed  to  the  8'''  in  whicli  sucli  a  number  of  falsities  are  crowded  together  tliat  they  cannot 
be  better  answered  than  by  a  bare  relation  of  the  wliole  matter  of  Fact  whicli  I  shall  do  as  concisely 
as  I  can  and  leave  it  to  your  Lordship  to  Judge  between  us. 

In  my  Letter  to  the  Lords  of  Trade  mention  is  made  that  Robinson  and  a  few  others  who  had 
joined  him  had  made  an  application  for  Forty  five  Townships  which  Proposal  for  so  large  a 
quantity  of  Land  in  proportion  to  tlie  number  af  Persons  concerned  in  it  was  thouglit  so  very  absurd 
that  it  was  treated  as  it  deserved  and  rejecteil.  I  never  had  any  other  application  from  him  of  any 
kind  but  as  an  humble  Suitor  to  desire  I  wr  uld  assist  him  in  the  distress  wlilcli  he  had  brought  on 
himself  by  settling  on  the  Lands  whicli  were  ordered  to  be  gr-inted  some  time  before  under  this 
Govern""'  to  other  People;  wlien  Ills  pretensions  were  examined  before  the  Council  I  was  his  Advo- 
cate there,  altho'  he  did  not  stand  mucli  in  need  of  one  for  the  Council  were  always  determined 
from  the  Beginning  to  protect  the  Setlers  and  the  Land  claimed  liy  him,  One  Cole  and  seven  or 
eight  otlier  Persons  who  were  associated  witli  him  were  ordered  to  be  secured  to  tiiem  alltlio' 
apparently  included  in  otlier  Patents.  For  this  they  appeared  \ .  ry  thankful  and  when  I  thought 
they  were  retiring,  Cole  requested  that  the  Council  would  add  one  good  Deed  to  another  nnd  let 
them  have  these  Lands  without  paying  any  Fees  of  office  I  took  upon  me  to  assure  them  both  in 
tlie  presence  of  the  Board,  that  thei\  request  should  be  granted  and  their  Patents  made  out  to 
them  without  paying  any  Fees;  This  seemed  to  have  ?mc1i  an  effect  on  them  that  not  satisfied  with 
making  their  acknowledgments  to  me  at  that  time  they  waited  in  the  Hall  till  the  Council  broke 
up,  and  afterwards  came  into  my  Parlour  to  thank  me  again  lor  what  I  had  done,  declaring  they  should 
ever  retain  the  most  gratefull  remembrance  fir  two  such  acts  of  favor  conferred  on  them  that 
morning. 

This  is  a  bare  relation  of  the  whole  Transaction,  and  the  grateful  remembrance  they  retain 
of  it  has,  it  seems,  been  productive  of  nothing  but  a  chain  of  Falsities  invented  to  serve  private 
purposes  by  endeavoring  to  blacken  my  Character  as  well  as  those  of  others;  This  was  all  that 
passed,  and  I  am  ready  to  attest  upon  Oath  the  truth  of  what  I  have  here  asserted,  and  hope  your 
Lordship  will  give  me  leave  to  assure  you  that  so  far  from  ever  having  made  a  demand  for  fees 
of  any  kind  either  from  Robinson  or  any  Person  living,  that  it  has  always  been  my  Maxim  not 
only  in  this  Province  but  whilst  I  had  the  honor  of  commanding  in  Jamnic;i,  on  any  Fees  being  due 
to  me  by  those  who  I  apprehended  would  be  distressed  in  paying  them,  to  enquire  into  their 
circumstances  &  have  tiiought  myself  happy  In  having  an  opportunity  of  remitting  them.  I  have 
signed  but  six  Patent  t^iuce  I  came  into  the  Province  for  which  I  have  received  Fees  and  five  are  now 
preparing  on  which  1  have  the  same  Rights,  but  have  promised  to  give  them  up  for  the  reasons  I 


CX)NTROVEKSY    RESPECTING    THE  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


871 


have  just  mentioned ;  I  do  not  speak  of  this  from  ostentation,  for  I  think  that  no  Parade  should 
be  made  of  acts  of  this  kind,  as  the  satisfaction  they  give  is  a  sufTicicnt  reward  in  itself  and  am 
only  concerned  tliat  this  Relation  sliould  be  extorted  from  me  in  tiiis  manner  wliich  nothing  but  tlie 
defence  of  my  own  Reputation,  and  tlie  hopes  of  making  it  appear  how  little  I  deserve  tlie  Cliaracter 
tlie  Petitioners  are  pleased  to  draw  of  me,  could  have  effected.  I  shall  say  notliing  of  the  Extraor- 
dinary sum  of  tliirty  three  thousand  Pounds  sterling  mentioned  in  tiiis  Paragraph.  Tiie  wliole  Table 
of  my  Fees  having  been  lately  transmitted  to  England  your  Lordsliip  will  see  how  gross  a  misrep- 
resentation this  must  be  even  if  I  had  ever  mentioned  Fees,  and  it  should  seem  as  if  particular  care 
had  been  taken  to  exceed  all  bounds  of  Truth  in  every  thing  tliey  have  advanced  more  especially  in 
this  article  wliich  could  have  been  so  easily  ascertained. 

Tlie  assertion  in  the  ninth  Paragrapli,  that  there  are  now  upwards  of  one  Thousand  Families 
settled  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  in  consequence  of  the  said  Grants  is  as  great  an  untruth 
as  any  set  fortii  in  tlie  whole  Petition  ;  Tiiere  is  not  the  half  of  lluit  number  tliere,  nor  do  I  really 
believe  the  quarter  part ;  I  have  already  shewed  in  wliat  manner  tlie  settlements  there  are  carrying 
on,  but  t';ie  real  land  liolders  of  the  greatest  part  of  that  country  actually  resid"  in  Boston  and 
Connecticut  Governments,  and  so  far  from  being  turned  out  of  jiossession  as  is  set  forth  in  tlie 
Petition,  tliat  the  greatest  part  of  tiiem  never  were  there  ;  Tliey  have  been  invited  to  settle  there, 
by  all  tiie  encouragement  tiiis  Government  could  give,  but  it  is  still  a  matter  of  doubt  as  to  great 
numbers  of  tliem,\viiether  they  ever  had  any  intentions  of  residing  there  or  not ;  Two  persons  agents 
for  some  others  who  came  to  Town  yesterday  to  solicit  a  Grant  of  two  Townships  under  the  New 
Hampshire  cliarters,  (whose  claims  have  been  laid  above  a  Twelve  montli  but  were  never  pro- 
ceeded on)  liave  confirmed  what  I  now  write  in  regard  to  the  number  of  Families,  and  have 
declared  ingeuuously  to  me  tliat  tliere  are  no  settlements  on  the  Lantls  they  came  now  to  Claim,  nor 
were  there  any  ever  made  in  consequence  of  tho  former  chai'ters,  but  that  if  the  Governm'  would 
indulge  them  in  their  Grants  they  would  proceed  immediately  to  the  making  of  Improvements,  and 
this  is  the  case  with  the  greatest  number  of  them  ;  These  men  who  both  reside  in  the  Boston  Gov- 
ernment inibrmed  me  that  they  were  solicited  to  join  in  this  Petition  but  refused  il,  as  many  of  the 
most  considerable  people  there  had  done  already,  and  were  not  a  little  surprized  at  some  of  the  bold 
assertions  in  it  which  tliey  themselves  know  to  be  false. 

I  can  give  no  opinion  or  account  of  their  being  engaged  in  the  actual  service  of  His  Majesty  wj  the 
late  War,  which  they  sett  forth  being  a  stranger  to  it,  but  Robinson  can  plead  but  little  merit  from 
liis  service,  which  I  am  told  Jiere  was  nothing  move  than  that  of  driving  an  Ox  cart  for  the  Suttlers, 
and  I  think  it  must  be  obvious  to  every  one  that  very  few  Levies  could  be  made  at  that  time  iu  a 
Frontier  Country  exposed  to  all  incursions,  and  wliich  had  scarce  any  Inhabitants  at  all  in  it. 

I  shall  now  proceed  to  that  Allegation  that  some  of  the  Petitioners  have  expended  the  whole  and 
others  the  greatest  part  of  what  they  were  worth  in  purchasing  the  said  Grants  ^c.  How  far  any  credit 
is  to  be  given  to  this  assertion  will  be  left  to  your  Lordship  to  determine  after  it  is  made  to  appear 
how  much  has  been  the  real  original  expence  of  these  Charters,  for  as  to  the  Improvement  of  the 
Lands  as  the  greatest  part  of  those  now  Petition*!  for  are  still  uncultivated,  certainly  no  claims  can  be 
made  for  money  laid  out  on  them.  From  the  best  informations  I  have  been  able  vo  obtain  from  the 
Claimants  themselves,  there  appears  to  have  been  a  sum  of  money  paid  down  on  the  taking  out  of 
the  charter  which  varies  much  (occasioned  as  I  suppose  from  the  Situation  of  the  Lands)  and  that 
the  sliole  amount  of  these  sums  have  been  from  Twenty  to  iurty  Pounds  New  York  Currency  lor 
each  Township  so  that  at  an  average,  Thirty  Pounds  (about  17"'  sterling)  maybe  deemed  tho 
real  expence  of  a  Township  which  was  to  include  a  Tract  of  Ground  six  Miles  square,  but  very 
often  took  in  a  great  deal  more;  it  is  very  obviou.^,  that  on  this  Plan,  the  Expences  of  a  Township 


372 


CONTRUVERSY    RESFECTING    THE   ^E^V    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


being  divided  among  f  ixty  or  seventy  persons  (according  to  the  lists  on  the  back  of  the  Charters) 
must  be  very  inconsiderable  and  not  amount  to  a  greater  sum  than  about  six  shillings  Ibr  each 
Proprietor,  and  if  matters  had  been  conducted  Without  Fraud,  no  Complaint  would  have  been  made 
at  this  day;  But  Governor  Wen tworth  now  imposed  on  by  those  Lists  and  the  Parties  engaged  in 
taking  out  a  number  of  Townships  together  have  bought  and  sold,  conveyed  and  reconveyed  so  often 
(witliout  the  least  attention  to  any  Settlement  wliich  sliould  have  been  the  principal  concern)  that 
alter  some  hours  examination  of  some  of  the  Cliarters  we  have  not  been  able  to  "^race  tue  Title 
tlirough  a  number  of  intricate  Deeds  notwithstanding  the  charters  were  granted  so  lately  and  the 
Lands  still  uncultivated,  so  that  the  Council  were  under  the  necessity  at  last  of  giving  it  as  their 
opinion  to  me  that  the  Grants  should  be  made  to  particular  persons  in  each  Charter,  upon  their  enter- 
ing into  a  Bond  witli  good  and  sufficient  security  to  reconvey  to  the  remainder  of  the  Proprietors 
whom  we  could  not  at  tliat  time  discover,  the  shares  they  were  entitled  to  by  the  Cliarter;  these 
shares  consisting  each  of  350  acres  were  publicly  sold  here  and  in  all  the  neighbouring  Provinces 
for  thirty  shillings,  and  many  persons  who  appeared  before  the  Council  to  prove  tlieir  Rights  could 
shew  no  better  Title  tlian  under  sucli  Deeds,  which  sum  was  so  far  from  being  an  adequate  consid- 
eration for  tlie  Land  that  it  only  served  to  sett  tlie  Fraud  in  a  stronger  liglit.  M'  Wentworths 
Fees  were  secured  to  liini  by  his  reserving  for  himself  a  Farm  of  Five  himdred  acres  in  each  Town- 
ship, and  the  spot  where  it  was  to  be  taken  up  was  in  all  the  charters  marked  with  the  Initial  Lres 
of  liis  name.  Besides  tliis,  other  Reservations  were  made  of  particular  Lots  under  tlie  Names  of 
some  members  of  the  Council  and  public  officers,  which  in  some  <  f  the  Townsliips  amounted  to 
between  5  and  6  Tiiousand  Acres,  and  in  others  tlie  number  was  mucli  smaller.  These  shares  have 
been  distinguished  among  tlie  Inhabitants  of  that  part  of  the  Country  by  tlie  name  of  Rtders,  and 
in  the  Petitions  of  tliose  who  really  intended  to  make  Settlements,  they  were  complained  of  as 
Grievances  because  the  owners  of  tiiem  would  not  contribute  to  any  public  work  which  was  carrying 
on  &  they  requested  that  tliese  might  be  granted  to  persons  who  would  assist  in  making  the 
Settlement.  This  Request  was  occasioned  by  the  apprehensions  they  were  under  at  tliat  time,  tliat 
these  Sliares  would  still  be  reserved,  and  appropriated  to  the  use  of  the  Governor  and  Council  here, 
but  we  soon  relieved  lem  from  any  uneasiness  on  that  head  by  declaring  all  those  shares  on  which 
no  Improvements  had  been  made  to  be  revested  in  the  Crown  and  the  greatest  part  of  tliem  have 
since  been  granted  to  the  reduced  officers  of  the  Army  who  have  petitioned  for  them  under  His 
Majesty's  Proclamation. 

In  order  to  support  what  I  liave  advanced  in  regard  to  the  small  expence  these  Petitioners  have 
been  at  for  their  C- liters,  as  Mr.  Wentworth's  Fees  were  provided  for  without  their  assistance,  I 
beg  leave  to  make  a  small  extract  of  his  Letter  to  me  wliich  was  laid  before  the  Council  on  the 
17">  Oct.  176G  and  stands  on  the  minutes  of  tiiat  day.  It  is  as  follows — That  it  had  been  the  practice, 
on  granting  Lands  in  A'iW  IJanipshirc  to  reserve  to  the  Governor  a  Farm  of  five  hundred  acres  in  each 
Township,  which  is  the  only  Pcrtfuisife  in  the  Government.  M'  Wentworth  afterwards  desires  tliat  his 
claims  in  the  Township  uf  Brattlebororough  and  Rockingliam  miglit  be  secured  to  him  in  consid- 
eration of  his  improvements  made  tliere  wliich  was  accordingly  done  but  all  the  Reservations  for 
him  which  were  uncultivated  were  declared  revested  in  the  Crown.  I  can  make  no  doubt  but  at 
present  it  sufficiently  appears  that  there  was  ns  little  Foundation  for  asserting  so  barefaced  a  False- 
hood as  that  of  having  pay*  so  large  a  sum  for  their  Charters  as  there  was  for  saying  that  I  had  made 
any  demands  on  them.  If  there  had  been  real  claimants  of  the  ninety  six  Townships  and  they 
had  joined  together  in  this  Petition,  the  whole  of  their  expence  would  not  have  amountetl  to  IGOO 
pounds  although  it  woukl  appear  they  olaitned  mere  than  two  million  of  acres,  but  this  is  very  liir 
from  being  the  case,  for  21  of  these  being  indisputably  within  the  former  Limits  of  this  Province 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSIllKE   GRANTS. 


373 


before  His  Majesty's  Proclamation  in  regard  to  New  Hampshire  and  tlie  only  Settlem*'  made  on  any 
of  tliose  twenty  one  Townships  are  Intrusions,  and  have  lieen  proved  to  be  so,  on  Patents  granted  by 
this  Governm'  some  of  thirty  oiiiers  of  sixty  years  stande.  The  merits  of  28  have  been  already 
examined  before  the  Council  and  am  assured  are  not  concerned  in  tiiis  Petition,  four  of  which  have 
passed  tlie  Great  Seal,  three  more  are  ready  but  were  stopped  on  this  occasion  and  tlie  rest  are 
surveying  and  laying  out  as  fast  as  the  Surveyor  Gen'  can  find  proper  men  to  execute  his  orders  so 
tliat  it  should  seem  as  if  the  only  persons  who  liad  nut  complyed  witli  tlieir  engagements  with  tlie 
Crown  should  think  they  were  most  aggrieved,  and  expect  to  obtain  jnirlicular  marks  of  His 
Majestjs  Favor  by  Fraud  and  Imposition  ;  neltlier  Koliinson  nor  liis  Associates  who  under  a  inv 
tended  Hampsliire  right  settled  upon  some  of  the  old  Patents  in  this  Province  have  ever  thought 
proper  to  make  use  of  that  indulgence  wliich  this  government  liad  shew"  to  tliem  by  confirming 
their  settlements  to  tliera,  as  is  already  mentioned  in  this  Letter,  or  liave  ever  applyed  to  their 
Grants  on  tlie  contrary  tliey  have  made  u  merit  of  tiieir  Stubl)ornness,  in  order  to  discpiiet  tlie  minds 
of  their  Neighbours,  and  stir  up  a  seditious  spirit  among  them  from  wlience  tliey  are  in  expectation 
of  reaping  some  Benefit. 

The  Complaint  in  tlie  10""  Paragrapli  of  tlie  distance  from  the  Capital  has  been  already  Answered 
by  what  has  been  related  of  tlie  new  County  of  CiiniberJaiK',  wliicli  was  erected  on  purptise  to  serve 
that  part  of  the  Country,  but  even  in  sucii  a  trifling  circumstance  as  this  tiiey  luive  not  confined 
themselves  to  Truth,  for  it  will  appear  on  inspecting  tlie  Map,  tliat  tliey  liai  e  exaggerated  the  distance 
at  least  one  quarter. 

I  liave  now  gone  through  all  the  articles  in  the  Petition  excej)!  tlie  last,  wliidi  is  so  extraordinary 
in  itself  that  I  presume  nothing  is  expected  in  answer  To  it.  From  the  w  hole  tenor  of  the  Petition 
and  the  number  of  Falsehoods  it  contains,  it  appears  to  have  been  the  offspring  of  a  very  bad  Heart 
and  I  think  tliere  is  the  greatest  reason  to  apprehend  that  the  head  must  likewise  have  been 
impaired.  How  else  shoukl  a  Man  of  one  of  tlie  lowest  and  meanest  Occupations  at  once  set  up 
for  a  Statesman  and  from  a  Notion  tliat  the  wheels  of  Government  are  easily  managed  and  conducted 
as  those  of  a  Waggon,  take  upon  him  to  direct  the  King's  Ministers  in  their  Departments.  As  for 
ray  Part  I  have  been  taught  to  treat  with  so  mucli  respect,  those  whom  Hi'^  Majesty  is  j)leased  to 
honor  with  his  Confidence,  that  I  am  persuaded  tiity  w  i'l  do  that  which  is  best  for  his  Service  and 
the  good  of  his  People,  without  standing  in  need  of  y,v  li  able  Councellors  as  either  M^  Robinson 
or  myself.     I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  \  rsprct 

My  Lord  Your  Lordship's  niof^t  Obedient  and  humble  Servant 

H  :  Moore. 

Rt  Honble  Earl  of  Shelburne. 


!i 


THE  SAMK   TU  THE  SABIE. 

[Load,  l)oc,  xl.] 

Fort  George,  New  York,  10  June  1767. 
My  Lord  After  so  long  a  letter  as  I  have  alveady  addressed  io  your  Lordship  in  answer  to 
Robinsons  Petition,  it  is  a  matter  of  concern  to  rae  that  the  Petition  which  accompanied  it  from  the 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel  puts  me  under  the  necessity  cf  spying  anything  more  on  the  same 
Subject.  That  a  man  of  so  notorious  a  Character  as  Robinson  should  deviate  from  Truth  in  any 
representation  of  Facts,  is  no  kind  of  Surprize  to  those  who  know  him  here,  but  that  so  respectalilc 


.^l 


374 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


a  Society  as  that  for  propagating  the  Gospel  should  present  a  Petition  supposed  to  be  grounded  on 
Facts  which  are  not  true  iu  themselves  has  astonished  every  one  here  who  has  been  informed  of  it. 
Uy  some  similar  expressions  to  tliose  in  the  Petition  of  Kubinson,  I  appreliend  they  both  t;ime 
from  the  same  quarter,  and  tliat  tlic  Society  lias  been  first  imposed  upon  and  afterwards  engaged  to 
present  a  Petition  of  the  same  kind  witli  tliat  relative  to  tlie  New  Hampsiiire  Grants  wltli  no  other 
intent  than  to  be  a  more  elfectual  means  to  impose  on  his  Maty's  Ministers. 

Tliere  are  but  tliree  particular  causes  of  complaint  assigned  wliicli  are  all  easily  answered  and 
set  aside.  Tiie  first  is,  that  the  Grantees  had  settled  some  part  of  the  townsliips  ;  were  prepariujj  to 
settle  tlie  remainder  witli  a  reservation  of  the  said  several  shares  for  the  public  uses,  but  were 
prevented  by  the  Goverunui'  of  New  York  &c.  How  far  the  settlements  have  been  carried  on  has 
been  already  shewed,  and  I  sliall  leave  it  to  your  Ldp.  to  judge  of  their  intentions  in  regard  to  tlic 
remainder  when  I  take  upon  me  to  assert  tliat  notwithstanding  the  appropriation  of  tliese  Siiares  for 
public  uses  and  Expressly  so  described  in  the  Body  of  tlie  Charters,  Tiie  Petitioners  had  so  little  design 
tu  serve  any  lody  but  themselves  tliat  tiiey  had  tlie  assurance  to  request  that  these  public  snares 
might  lie  divided  among  them,  without  giving  the  least  attention  to  tlie  purjioses  for  wliich  they  were 
designed  and  witiiout  tlie  least  scruple  of  delrauding  the  Society  of  its  Rights  ;  If  the  intention  of 
His  Majesty's  Council  in  regard  to  the  Interest  of  the  Society  had  not  dillered  gre  itly  from  those 
of  the  Petitioners  I  can  take  upon  me  to  say  tliat  the  Society  would  not  at  tliis  time,  liave  been 
entitled  to  a  single  lot  of  Land  in  all  that  part  of  the  Province.  Tliere  is  not  the  least  Foundation 
lor  that  assertion  of  being  prevented  by  the  Government  of  j\'ew  York  for  great  care  was  taken  to  give 
them  all  the  assurances  possible  that  tliey  should  be  protected  in  their  Kighls  and  no  pains  were 
spauii  to  ciiiivince  the  Settlers  of  the  good  Intentions  of  this  Government  towards  them. 

The  {''econd  Complaint  is,  That  they  are  altogether  deprived  of  the  greater  ojjd  belter  part  of  their 
Right.  I  have  already  had  the  lumor  of  acijuaiiiting  your  Lordship  that  tliere  have  been  proceedings 
only  on  28  of  these  Townships  ;  In  24  of  tlieiu  the  Rights  of  the  Society  and  all  the  grants  in  the  first 
CnartCiS  fur  public  uses  have  been  expressly  reserved  ibr  the  uses  therein  mentioned.  No  failure 
has  been  m;  le  but  in  the  four  first  Grants  which  passed  the  Council,  and  as  I  am  informed  that 
the  Ciiarters  were  not  at  that  time  before  them,  it  occasion''  an  Omission  which  has  been  guarded 
against  ever  since,  of  these  Ibur,  only  one  has  passed  the  Great  Seal,  so  that  the  shares  may  be  still 
reserved  in  the  three  which  remain.     This  hapjiened  before  my  arrival  in  America. 

Tlie  Third  Coiiiplaint  is.  That  as  the  Residue  of  such  Lands  which  are  not  already  granted  away, 
fhiy  are  hurthened  with  such  expenses  and  Charges  as  are  greatly  viore  than  equal  in  point  of  value  to 
the  Shares  themselves.  The  only  way  this  assertion  can  be  answ'  is  by  denying  it  llatjy,  and  I  am 
extremely  sorry  to  be  under  the  necessity  of  declaring  to  your  Lordship  that  there  is  not  a  word  of 
truth  in  it;  When  the  first  Petitioners  for  these  public  Shares  coulil  not  obtain  them  lor  their  own 
uses, as  I  have  already  mentioned  they  desired  that  the  Society  might  be  Charged  with  u  Share  of  the 
Expenses  which  would  be  incurred  for  surveying  &■=.  But  this  was  likewise  absolutely  refused, 
and  they  were  told  that  if  they  did  not  choose  to  take  out  their  grants  on  the  Terms  of  paying  the 
Costs  of  the  four  Public  Shares  amongst  them  they  should  not  have  them  at  all.  The  Reason 
which  occasioned  this  Declaration  was  that  as  there  appeared  on  the  back  of  each  Charter  a  long 
list  of  Names  the  greatest  part  of  which  are  entirely  unknown  The  Council  joined  in  Opinion  • 
■with  me  that  if  these  were  the  names  of  real  Proprietors  there  could  be  no  hardship  in  fixing  the 
Expense  on  them  as  the  Quota  of  each  person  interested  in  the  Township  would  be  so  small  as  to 
amount  at  most  to  a  mere  trifle.  By  this  means  the  Society's  shares  were  so  lar  Irom  bting  hur- 
thened with  expenses  and  charged  greatly  more  than  equal  in  point  of  value  to  the  Lands  themselves,  that 
they  are  not  charged  with  the  expense  of  a  single  shilling.     I  am  sorry  to  SJiy  that  our  suspicions 


CONTROVERSY    RESPFXTINQ   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


375 


of  these  names  on  the  back  of  the  Charters  were  but  too  well  founded  and  it  has  since  appeared 
tha<  some  of  the  Charters  wliich  liave  made  tlieir  appearance  in  great  Form  and  under  the  claims  of 
sixty  ir  seventy  proprietors  have  been  found  in  reality  to  belong  to  no  more  tlian  six  or  seven 
Persons,  which  will  be  a  great  Detriment  to  the  settling  of  that  part  of  the  Province,  and  is  entirely 
contradictory  to  His  Majesty's  Orders  which  are  that  no  more  tlian  one  thousand  acres  should  be 
given  to  each  Person. 

I  hope  by  what  I  have  here  offered  in  answer  to  the  Society's  Petition,  that  it  will  sufficiently 
appear  to  your  Ldp  how  they  have  been  imposed  on  in  tlie  accounts  tiiey  liave  received  of  our  Pro- 
ceedings here,  and  to  whicli  they  have  so  readily  given  credit.  Had  the  true  state  -of  tiie  case 
been  laid  before  His  Majesty  it  would  have  appeared  that  in  order  to  make  up  for  a  Loss  sustained 
by  350  acres  in  one  of  the  Townships  which  happened  before  my  arrival,  by  a  mere  omission  of  the 
Council  in  their  first  entering  on  a  new  scene  of  Business,  I  had  taken  care  to  secure  to  the  Cliurch 
as  soon  as  I  had  it  in  my  power,  a  large  District  comprehending  no  less  than  23,200  acres. 

I  have  enquired  of  D'  Auchmuty  the  Rector  of  Trinity  Ciuircli  here  (who  is  I  am  informed  the 
principal  correspondent  of  the  Society  in  this  Province)  from  whence  tliis  extraordinary  information 
could  be  sent,  but  he  tells  me  that  lie  is  entirely  ignorant  of  it,  and  as  I  have  the  greatest  reason  to 
imagine  that  the  Society  have  not  founded  their  petition  on  better  authority  than  what  they  have 
received  from  Robinson  and  his  associates,  I  hope  they  will  act  with  so  much  candour  when  they 
are  informed  of  the  particulars  of  my  answer  as  to  lay  before  your  Lordsliip  the  authorities  upon 
which  they  have  been  induced  to  present  a  Petition  to  His  Majesty  wliich  tends  so  manifestly  to 
Calumniate  me.  Common  Justice  requires  this  at  their  Hands  and  the  Principles  upon  which  that 
Society  is  supposed  to  act  in  other  matters,  will  I  hope  suggest  to  them  that  such  a  behaviour  will  be 
necessary  on  this  occasion  not  only  in  support  of  my  Character,  but  of  their  own. 

I  have  tlie  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect,  My  Lord,"  Your  Lordships  most  obedient  and 
humble  servant, 

Rt  Hon^ie  Earl  of  Shelburne  H.  Moore. 

*,*  In  Counc.  Min.  xxv.  There  is  an  entry  substantially  of  the  same  purport  as  the  above,  dated  10  June  1767;  and  vol. 
xxix,  2')0  will  be  found  a  Royal  order  dated  26  June  1767,  disallowing  an  act  passed  by  the  New  York  Legislature  in  1766 
erecting  the  lands  on  the  west  of  Connecticut  River  into  the  County  of  Cumberland. 


ORDER  OF  TIIE  KING  IN  COUNCIL 

FOHBTD'U.VG    THE   GOVERNOR  OF    NEW    YORK     TO    MAKE    GRANTS    OF     ANY    LANDS    ALREADY    PATENTED   BT 

NEW    HAMPSHIRE. 

[  Council  Minutes  Vol.  XXVI.  ] 

At  the  Court  at  S'  Jame's  the  24'h  day  of  July  1767. 
Prb:sent. 
The  King's  most  Excellent  Majf^^-'y. 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury  Earl  of  Shelburne. 

Lord  Chancellor.  Viscount  Falmouth. 

Duke  of  Queensliury  Viscount  Barrington. 

Duke  of  Ancaster,  Viscount  Clare 

Lord  Ciiamberlain.  Bishop  of  London 

Earl  of  Litchfield.  M"'  Secretary  Conway. 

Earl  of  Bristol  Hans  Stanley  Esquire 

Whereas  there  was  this  day  read  at  tlie  Board,  a  Report  from  the  Right  Hono'''*  the  Lords  of  the 
Committee  of  Council  for  Plantation  affairs,  dated  the  30'''  of  last  month  in  tiie  words  following  viz' 


At.  ■ 


876 


C0NTR0VEH8Y    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


"  Your  Majesty  liaving  been  pleased  to  refer  unto  tliis  Committee  the  liumble  Petition  of  the 
"  Iiicoiponited  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  Setting  liirth  among 
<' other  things,  tliat  JJeniiing  Wentwortli  Esquire  Governor  of  New  Hainpsliire  in  New  Englund, 
"  made  several  Grants  of  Large  Tracts  of  l^and  lying  on  tlie  West  side  of  Connecticut  Kiver,  wliicli 
"  were  incorporated  into  above  one  iiundred  Townships,  and  several  shares  were  reserved  in  each 
"of  tlie  said  Grants  to  tlie  Petitioners  for  a  Glebe  for  tiie  Cluircii  of  England,  and  for  the  benefit  of 
"a  Scliool :  That  the  Government  of  New  York  having  claimed  tlie  said  Lands  and  the  Jurisdiction 
"  thereol',  granted  great  part  of  those  Lands  without  reserving  any  shares  for  tiie  abovemeiitioned 
"  Pulilick  Uses  :  And  tliereforo  tlie  Petitioners  I'ray  that  tiie  Grants  made  by  the  Government  of 
'•  New  Hanipsliire  may  be  ratified  and  continued,  or  such  order  made  thereupon  as  to  your 
''  Majesty  should  seem  meet — and  your  Majesty  having  been  likewise  pleased  to  reier  unto  this 
"  Committee  tiie  Immble  Petiticm  of  Samuel  Itobinson  of  Bennington  in  North  America  on  behalf  of 
"  himself  and  more  tliaii  one  thousand  otlier  Grantees  of  Lands  on  the  West  si<le  of  Connecticut 
"  lliver,  under  Certain  Grants  i  .>'.K'd  by  tlie  said  Governor  of  New  Hanipsliire,  Setting  forth  among" 
"other  things,  that  the  sain  'iovciiior  made  Grants  to  the  Petitioners  of  several  Tracts  of  Land 
"  lying  as  aforesaid  on  the  We  .  'rn  side  of  the  Connecticut  lliver,  which  were  incorporated  into  above 
"one  hundred  Tcnvnsliips  luui  uposed  to  lie  within  the  Government  of  New  Ilaiiipshire,  wherc- 
"  upon  the  Petitionevs  rxpci.Jeo  ;  rge  sums  of  money  in  settling  and  cultivating  the  same.  That  on 
"  the  20">  of  July  17t>-i  :]'.v  ^  .id  L.'  -ds  iiaving  been  declared  by  your  Majesty  to  be  within  the  Govern- 
"ment  of  New  York,  •..  <  Lieutenant  G!)vernor  of  that  Province  made  grants  of  part  of  tlie  said 
"Lands  included  wi.iin  th'  J'  'iMoners  Grants,  which  being  of  infinite  prejudice  to  them ;  they 
"  therefore  most  humbly  pray  ^.mi-tigst  other  things)  that  their  said  .several  C  i-aiits  made  by  Go\  ornor 
"  Wentworth  may  be  r  *itied  ana  confirmed  under  your  Majesty's  Royal  Order.  The  Lords  of  the 
"  Committee  in  obedience  to  your  Majesty's  said  Order  of  Relerence.  liave  taken  the  said  Petitions 
"into  their  Consideration,  together  with  a  Report  made  by  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and 
"  Plantations  upon  the  former  of  the  said  Petitions,  and  do  thereupon  agree  humbly  to  report  as  their 
"  opinion  to  your  Majesty,  that  tlie  most  Positive  orders  should  be  immediately  sent  to  the  Gov- 
"  ernor  of  New  York,  to  desist  from  making  any  Grants  whatsoever  of  any  Part  of  those  Lauds, 
"  until  your  Majesty's  further  Pleasure  shall  be  known."' 

His  Majesty  taking  the  said  Report  into  Consideration,  was  pleased  with  the  advice  of  his  Privy 
Council  to  approve  thereof,  and  doth  hereby  strictly  charge  require  and  command  tliat  the  Governor 
or  Commander  in  Ciiief  of  ids  Majesty's  Province  of  New  York  for  the  Time  being,  do  not  (upon 
Pain  of  his  Majesty's  highest  displeas'ire)  presume  to  make  any  Grant  wiiatever  of  any  Part  of  the 
Lands  described  in  the  said  Rejwit,  until  ids  Majesty's  further  Pleasure  shall  he  known  concerning 
tlie  same. 

W:  SlIARPE. 


On  Reading  and  due  Consideration  Whereof,  [20'h  October  17('f>l  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant 
Governor  was  pleased  to  require  the  opinion  of  the  Council,  w'  -  3  her  hi*  Majesty's  said  order  extended 
to  restrain  the  Granting  of  any  Lands  formerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire,  but  wh '  ?\i  liave  not  been 
granted  by  that  Government:  the  Council  thereupon  declare  i  sUey  were  of  opinioji  liis  Majestys  said 
order  prohibited  only  the  granting  of  such  of  the  said  Lands  as  have  actually  lieen  granted  by  (lie 
Government  of  New  Hampshire,  and  does  not  extend  to  any  part  of  the  said  Lauds  wliich  have  not 
been  granted  by  that  Government. 


CONTROVERSY    KESPKCTINC    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRA^^-8 


377 


List  of  Judges,  Assistant  Justices  and  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  appointed 
by  Commission  bearing  date  the  7"'  day  of  April  17G8. 

Thomas  Chandler  ^ 

Joseph  Lord  (Resigned)   >  Judges 
Satnuel  Wells  ) 

Thomiis  Cliundler  Junior 

Sfiniuel  Stevens  (never  lived  In  the  county)  f  Assistant 


Nutiian  Stone 
William  Willaid 

Thorn."!  Bridgman  (Dead) 

Bikhul  Andros 

Israil  Curtis 

Henry  Wells  (never  Qualified) 

Simon  Stevens 


Justicesj 


Justices  of  the  Peace. 


GOV.  MOORE  TO  LORD  HILLSBOROUGH. 

[  Lon.  Doo.  XLII.  ] 

New  York  10  Aug.  1769. 
My  Lord,  If  I  thou^rht  it  incumbent  on  me  to  make  an  apology  to  your  Lordn  in  my  hist  letter 
at  the  time  I  transmitted  two  petitions,  concerning  the  Laiuls  on  the  Connecticut  River,  with  much 
greater  reason  should  I  <lo  it  now  in  oll'ering  any  thing  more  on  the  same  subject.  The  inclosed 
petitions  were  preparing  at  the  time  the  last  Pacquet  sailed,  and  notwithstanding  I  have  informed  the 
persons  concerned  in  it,  of  wliat  your  Lord''  was  pleased  to  mention  in  your  letter  by  tills  last 
Pack(]uet  concerning  tliose  lands,  they  still  tliink  it  an  injustice  done  to  tl'c:;:  not  to  Ibrwaid  tlieir 
case  to  your  Lordi'  if  llioir  grants  are  refused  to  be  made  out  l)y  mo  on  tlicir  application  for  them. 
So  much  has  already  been  said  on  tiiis  head,  that  I  shall  oidy  beg  leave  to  submit  the  Ibllowing 
observations  to  your  Lordi'.  Wiien  His  Miij'^x''*  order  in  Cmnicil  was  lirst  sent  over  by  the  Earl  of 
Slu'lbiirne;  forbidding  any  further  grunts  to  be  made  of  the  Lands  in.  question  it  was  the  general 
opinion  here,  that  the  restriction  was  only  intended  to  be  laid  on  the  granting  of  any  patents  which 
could  possibly  atle  .t  tlie  particidar  Townsliips,  set  forth  in  Robinson's  Petition;  I  took  His  Maj'y'» 
order  in  a  gre»ter  latitude,  &  notwithstani''ng  tiie  repeated  attacks  made  uj)on  me,  as  well  by 
reduced  officers  and  disbanded  Soldiers,  as  by  tlie  Inhabitants  of  this  Province,  I  have  constantly 
refused  to  comply  with  their  demands  allthough  tlie  Lands  for  which  they  applyed  had  never  been 
granted  by  the  Govern'  of  N.  Hampsliire,  or  included  in  the  above  mentioned  Petition;  as  some 
Townships  were  supposed  to  be  laid  out  on  the  west  side  of  Lake  Cliamplain  (altho'  there  ••  p's  no 
other  foundation  tor  such  a  supposition  than  a  Map  printed  in  the  Province  of  Connecti  -ni ;  1 
observed  the  same  rule  in  regard  to  that  part  of  the  Country,  notwithstanding  there  was  i.  >t  t! 
least  appearance  upon  Earth  of  a  survey  having  been  made  there  it  is  now  above  two  years  tiiico 
I  wrote  my  first  letter  to  tlie  Earl  of  Shelburne  in  answer  to  the  Petitions  of  Robinson  and  tlie 
Society  for  propagating  the  Gospel,  during  which  time  I  have  used  every  means  in  my  power  to 
carry  into  execution  the  plan  I  had  formed  by  making  such  a  comnumication  with  the  Prove"  of 
Quebec  as  I  have  already  liail  the  honor  of  laying  before  your  Lord''  but  in  om-  present  situation 
Vol.  IV  JH 


k 


878 


CONTHOVCIISY    RESPl^CTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSIIIlli:    KHANTS. 


every  endeavour  of  mine  will  be  rendered  Incffectiiiil,  if  tlie  Lands  on  tlic  side  of  tlw  I,ake 

are  not  perinittetl  to  be  granted,  for  those  traets  wliicli  are  now  in  the  jiossession  of  olliccrs  and 
soldiers,  not  being  clmrge<l  wltli  any  qnlt  Rent  t!)r  tlie  first  ten  years,  remain  still  in  tlie  same 
uncidtivated  state,  as  when  they  [were]  first  granted,  and  of  course  will  l>e  always  an  obstruction 
to  the  making  of  Woadson  tlieslde  of  th.e  Lake  till  some  settlers  can  be  fixed  there.  Our  precarious 
conununication  with  tlie  i)rovince  of  Quebec  at  certain  seasons  of  the  year,  requires  that  tlie  advan- 
tage of  a  Public  Road  shotild  Ih»  procured  as  soon  as  possible,  but  it  is  not  in  the  jiower  of  Man 
to  engage  those  who  proposed  settling  in  those  parts  in  any  such  undertaking  till  they  have  proper 
titles  to  their  Lands. 

The  accounts  which  have  been  given  to  me  of  the  falls  on  the  Connecticut  River  vary  so  much, 
as  there  objects  are  seen  in  diflerent  lights  by  different  people,  that  I  was  determined  to  see 
them  myself,  and  in  expectation  of  receiving  His  Maj'>»  commands  relative  to  that  part  of  the 
Cojintry  had  made  the  necessary  preparation  lor  my  expedition,  by  ordering  some  Boats  to  be  built 
in  the  uppermost  inliabited  Township  on  that  River.  My  intention  was  to  have  taken  a  view  of  the 
whole  stream  from  Newberry  to  the  Massachusetts  line,  and  to  have  made  an  attemi»t  to  render 
those  falls  and  rapids  (if  possible)  less  dangerous  and  inconvenicMit  for  the  floating  of  Timlwr  down, 
for,  I  have  been  informed,  that  several  Masts  have  been  so  liir  shattered  either  by  the  mismanage- 
ment of  the  Conductors  or  by  clioosing  improper  seasons  for  such  a  work,  as  to  be  totally  unfit  for 
service.  As  tlie  Province  of  \ew  Hampshire  is  eqiially  interested  in  the  improvement  of  this  Navi- 
gation, Mf  Wentwortii  has  dedareil  his  readiness  to  cooperate  with  me  in  any  plan  which  could 
made  it  a  public  l>enelit,  and  I  only  waited  for  your  I»rdi's  orders  to  empower  me  to  proceed  in  this 
undertaking.     I  have  the  honor  to  be  with  the  greatest  respect.     My  Lord 

Your  Lordp's  most  obedient 

and  humble  Servant, 

H.  Moore. 


CLERGY  OF  CONNECTICUT  TO  SIR  WM.  JOHNSON,  BART. 

RFCOMMENDING    PARTRIDGE   THATCHER,    ESQ.,    AS    FIRST    GOVERNOR   OF   TUE    N.    H.    GRANTS. 

New-IIaven  11  Sep'  17<ifl. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency  Whereas  it  has  been  expected,  that  the  Lands  to  the  Westward  of 
Connecticut  River,  wiiieli  were  granted  by  Benning  Wentwortii  Es(iuire  late  fiovenior  of  New 
llampsliire,  (In  wliieh  the  Society  for  propagating  the  Gfispel  &«»  have  cousideraltle  Interest)  would 
be  erected  into  a  new  Goveriunent  and  considerable  Interest  has  been  made  in  Favour  of  Partrid-ze 
Tliatciier  Esi|i-  the  Nearer  liereof,  that  he  might  be  made  the  first  Governor  thereof,  and  Apjili- 
c^tioii  being  made  to  this  Convention  in  Mvy  last,  to  interest  themselves,  in  this  Geiitleni;iirs 
Favour,  we  (knowing  his  Wcn-tli,  and  firm  Attachment  to  the  present  Establishment  both  iuChurcli 
and  Slate)  did  tlien  write  to  the  Society  recjuesting  their  Interest  with  Administration  in  his  Favour, 
sluiuld  said  Lands  !ie  erected  into  a  Government. 


li 


CONTROVEnSV    RESVI'XniN(J    Till'.    NEW    llAMrSllIHK   liUANTS. 


37» 


We  now  tliert'fure  usk  your  Interest  to  promote  said  Design  slioiild  }o«i  in  your  Wisdom  think 
Itroper,  We  are, 

May  It  please  your  Kxeellency  Your  Exoelleiicy's  most  obedient 

And  most  hunil)le  Servants 

/  EllKNKZKK  DlUUI.Ki:  llu'UAHU  MaNSFIKLD 

\  Joseph  Lamson  Chhistoi>iikh  Newton 

Missionaries    to  the    honorable  Society  j  Eoenkzeh  Kneelanu    James  Scovil 
for   the     Propagation    of    the  Gospel    iu<  Richard  Clarke  Samuel  Anuhews 

loreign  Parts.  J  Bela  Hibharu 

John  Tvleh 
Solomon  Palmer. 


i 


To  His  Excellency.    Sir  William  Johnsoa  Bar'. 


PROCLAMATION 

OF    THE    GOVERNMENT    OF    NEW-YOKK,    KOIl    SEIZING    JAMK.9    BnAKENUlDGK,    AND    OTHERS,    FOR    RIOTOUSLY 
OBSTRUCTING    THE    I'AhTITION   OF    WALLVMSCIIACK    I'ATENT. 


By  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Colden,  Esquire,  his  Majesty's  Lieutenant- 
Governor,  and  Commander  in  Chief  (tf  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  and 
tlie  Territories  depending  tliereon,  in  America, 

A  PKOt'LAMATION. 

Whereas,  in  I'nrsuanoe  of  an  Act  of  tlie  Legislature  of  this  Province 
entitled,  "An  Act  lor  tlie  more  effectual  collecting  liis  Majesty's  Quit-Uents  in 
tlie  Colony  of  New  York,  and  for  Partition  of  Lands  in  order  tliereto,"  Com- 
missioners and  a  Surveyor  were  lately  appointed  to  make  Partition  of  certain  Lots,  Parcel  of  a  larger 
Tract  of  Land,  situate  on  the  East  Side  of  Hudson's  Uiver,  in  the  County  of  Albany,  ralledWallura- 
schack,  granted  to  James  De  Lancey,  Gerardus  Sfuyvesandt,  Esquires,  and  othei-s,  by  Letters 
Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province,  bearing  Date  the  lilteenth  Day  of  July,  One 
thijusfind  seven  hundretl  and  thirty-nine  ;  and  the  said  Commissioners,  in  tlie  Execution  of  tlieir 
Duty,  being  employed  in  surve}  ing  tlie  said  Lots  of  Land,  were,  on  tlio  nineteentli  Day  of  October 
last  past,  interrupted  and  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  Men,  tumultuously  and  riotously 
assemliled,  lor  the  declared  Purpose  of  i)i'eve2iting  the  said  Partition,  who,  l)y  ojii  n  Force,  compelled 
the  Commissioners  Surveyor,  to  desist  from  the  said  Survey,  and  by  Insults  and  Menaces,  so  intimi- 
dated the  said  Commissioners  that  apprehensive  for  the  Safety  of  their  Persons,  they  found  it  neces- 
sary to  reliu(iuish  any  further  Attempt  to  jjerform  tlie  Trust  so  reposed  in  them,  by  which  violent 
and  disonlerly  Proceedings,  tlie  said  Rioters,  in  Contempt  of  the  Law,  and  in  Deliance  of  the 
Authority  of  this  Government,  have  not  only  broken  tlie  King's  Peace,  and  set  a  dangerous  Exumjile 
toothers,  but  have  defeated  the  Operation  of  liie  said  Act,  in  tlie  Division  of  the  Land  aforesaid  : 
And  it  ajipearing  by  sullicieut  Evidence,  tliat  James  Brackenridge,  Jedediah  Due,  Samuel  Robinson, 
Natlianiel  HH)rner,  Henry  Walln-idge,  and  Moses  Robinson,  all  of  the  said  County  of  Albany,  Y'eoinen, 
were  among  the  principal  Autliors  of  and  Actors  in  the  said  Riot  and  Breach  of  the  Peace :     In 


3SU 


CO.M'HOVKKSV    KKSl'tCriNU    TIIK    NKW    Ilitnll'blllUK    (.HANTH. 


Oi'dur,  tluTtToiT,  to  bring  tliv  siiltl  ofTeiKliTS  to  cnn(1ip;ri  riiiiiAliinriit,  iiixl  Unit  otlurs  waiticd  liy  their 
Kxiimiile,  may  lu'  tlftt'in-il  Iroiii  tlie  Coiunilssion  ol'siich  daiif^iTinis  i'riicti<TS  i'or  tli»'  Future,  I  iiave 
thought  lit,  by  and  with  the  Advice  of  iiis  Majesty's  Council  tolHsut'tliis  I'mclaniatioii,  hereby  strictly 
I'oiiiiuiiiklingaml  requiring  tlie  SherilTot'  tlie  City  and  Couuty  <>f' Alhimy,  to  a]>prclienii  and  take  ull, 
nud  every  tlic  belia-e-nanied  Itiotei-s  and  Offentlera,  and  them  to  conunlt  to  .sale  and  secure  Custutly 
to  answer  Ibr  their  several  Oll'enees,  and  to  be  dealt  witli  according  to  Law  :  Ami  Ibr  tliat  I'uriwse  if 
it  sliall  l>e  necessary,  to  raise  and  take  to  liis  Assislauc-  tlie  Posse  Comitutus,  or  whole  Power  of 
the  County  :  And  all  Maj^lstrates  Olliecrs,  and  Ministersof  Justice, are  lierehy  enjoined  and  required 
to  give  tlieir  Aid  ami  Assistance,  nor  only  in  apjireheralinK  the  said  several  Oflenders,  and  com- 
mitting them  to  safe  Custody  ;  but  in  preventing  and  su]q>res8ing  ail  f\ituru  Itiots  ami  Disorder!*, 
of  the  like  dangerous  Tendency. 

Given  umler  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Fort  George,  in  tlie  City  of  New-York,  the  twelfth 
Day  of  December,  17()5),  and  in  the  tenth  Year  of  the  Ktign  of  o!ir  Sovereign  Lord  George  the 
Third,  by  tlie  Gi^ce  of  God,  of  Great  Britain,  France  and  Ireland,  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith, 

and  so  fortii. 

Cauwalladeh  Column. 
By  his  Honor's  Cnmmand, 

Gw.  Banvah,  D.  Secry. 

God   savk    TiiK   Kino. 


AFFIDAVITS  OF  MESSRS.  BRACKENBIDGE  AND  ROBINSON. 


■  '  -.1''. 

I: 


I 


On  the  Nineteenth  Day  of  Octohei  A  ^i,  17(>0,  Len'  James  Breakenridge  went  with  his  hired 
men  To  his  Field  and  Some  others  to  gataerisif!;  corn  aud  Some  more  People  asembled  a  few  of 
whitch  had  guns  :  &  John  Munro  Esq'  Comt  their  L  in  a  friendly  maniu  r  told  him  the  S«i  Breakinridge 
the  '  iHemen  from  Albany  were  a  coming  to  Run  a  Line  their  and  Told  him  not  to  Stop  them  By 
'      ,  Did  he  would  Expose  liim  Selth  to  the  Law  and  Read  the  Law  To  him  upon  whitch  said 

I'M'  , .  :  '  ^  sired  tlie  people  to  go  home  or  with  Draw  out  of  his  Field  as  he  Saith  :  for  the 
Gt  ]  '  -Vlbany  were  then  within  about  Eighty  Rods  a  Running  their  Line  into  S<>  field 

lustani.,    •  '.obinson  Returned  from  Albany  with  advice  from  M'  Silvester  the  King  Atourney 

and  a  Nou.  r  ,i;entleman  of  Note  whitch  Breakinridge  and  Robinson  again  Desired  the  people  to 
witliDraw  ana  ii'  they  would  not  we  would  go  home  upon  whitch  the  people  withDrew  Some  Distance: 
Said  Breakinridge  ami  Robinson  went  to  the  Surveyor  and  Chaiuman  after  they  had  come  into  the 
field  over  the  Twenty  mile  Line  so  called  :  and  ask  them  By  what  authority  tliey  Run  in  our  Possessions 
and  Desired  them  Not  to  Run  :  tliey  Told  us  we  must  ask  the  commissioners  Avhitch  we  Desired 
they  would  call  them  the  Surveyor  Spoke  to  them  and  Sed  he  was  Stopt  M'  Bleeker  made  answer 
have  they  Broke  your  chain  tliey  Sed  No  he  answered  Run  then  then  we  Desired  he  would  Let 
them  Stop  which  was  Done  for  we  wanted  Some  Talk  together  and  they  came  to  ns  Namely  John 
R.  Bleeker  Peter  Langsing  Esq'  and  Thomas  hun  Commissioners  :  and  after  compliments  M'. 
Lansing  Saith  Robinson  I  am  glad  to  see  you  But  what  means  so  many  People  together  and  some 
with  arras  our  People  Being  in  Sight  about  Sixty  Rods  olf  we  told  them  we  could  not  tell  we  had  no 
connection  with  their  Being  together  and  had  Desired  them  towitliDraw  out  of  the  field  :  and  hoped 
they  would  not  take  any  advantage  :  for  our  People  Did  Not  understand  Law  M'  Lansing  Scith  we 


.  1  '■'■■ 


CONTHUVLHitV    HUPKTINK    TIIK    NKW    ilA,MI>Mlltl(K    (illAMN. 


Wl 


I 


wt'ieufraiil  your  l'«'o|>lo  woulil  Itiisli  on  us  and  Do  us  «oiiie  luiHcIiid' :  \\v  Tol<l  tlirni  tlicy  wouUl  Not 
hikI  \\v  Two  IukI  conic  iu  a  fVicmlly  iimiiiitr  ToHct'  Ity  wluit  iiutlmrity  tlu-y  llmi  in  uiw  I'osst'iisioii 
and  claim  :  tlicy  say  llicv  \vilhi<>t  Take  any  advaiilitKO  against  us  iipuu  tlidr  wuiiis  and  say  if  wo  will 
go  witii  tlicni  to  M'  IVi  CCS  wilt  Ti)  tlicir  things  was  tlic)  would  aliow  us;  accoKliiigiy  wt!  went,  tliey 
shew  us  an  act  of  tlie  Asscniliiy  to  Divhio  their  (ireat  I'uttens  so  tliat  Ids  Majesty  ndglit  have  his 
Quit -rent  :  and  an  act  of  tliu  I'atteiilecs  of  the  wallunisack  Kiant  who  had  a]iolnted  tiieni  to  uutke 
Partition  of  said  Grant  to  Kach  tirantee  we  told  llieni  tliere  (Jrant  lay  within  tlie  County  of  Albany 
nnd  they  were  out  of  suld  Comity  infilnging  on  our  Grunts  made  l)y  New  Ifaniiishire  and  we 
nudersluod  Ids  Majesty  had  torhide  tlieni  nialvinu;  any  Oninis  on  ours  or  liindering  our  Settlement : 
they  say  we  are  forblde  Making  any  tiranis  and  stop  :  we  Told  them  we  did  Not  see  as  they  li  td 
any  Right  To  Run  over  the  Twenty  mile  !.'■  IJreakinridgf  Desired  they  wouKl  Not  Run  in  hi^ 
Possession  and  Told  tliem  we  ware  appointcil  ■.'.  i.oniniittee  for  Ucnnlngton  and  were  Large  Propria ^Ofi 
of  Shaftsbury  we  tliereloie  as  such   Diil  f  u  tliei     Uiinning  for  we  lield  our  Lands  My  oui    *u',v 

Hampsliire  Charters  and  had  it  in  I'nssesMi  n  '  Sui)poscd  u  good  Rig'it  to  it;  and  if  tliry  Hun 
they  must  Run  It  as  Disputed  Lands  tliey  uu'  a  'hen  Stop  us  or  Break  our  chain  :  we  Told  tlieiu 
we  would  not  Take  any  unlaw  I'ul  methods  but  told  fliem  if  they  would  Jiot  stop  for  wliat  we  had 
Sed  they  must  Run  it  as  Disputed  Land  and  we  W(juld  go  home  about  our  Biissines  sr)  parteil :  after 
we  had  got  Some  Distance  they  called  us  Hack  and  ask  us  if  our  People  Litt'ialed  to  stop  them  they 
would  Be  glad  they  would  do  it,  tlien  to  wliich  we  answered  we  Did  Not  tliink  they  Avould  stop  them 
But  Did  Not  No  :  for  we  Did  Not  intend  to  Break  any  Law  or  Expose  our  selves  :  they  say  we  had 
Beter  stop  them  if  we  intended  to  we  Returned  the  answer  as  Before  we  would  not:  unless  they 
would  Tell  us  what  way  we  could  without  Breaking  any  Law  for  we  had  not  brcaken  any  Law  Nor 
Did  Not  Inteud  to  :  tliey  say  we  had  not  nor  they  would  not  Take  any  advantagH  against  us  But 
Desired  we  would  go  to  our  People  to  No  if  they  intended  to  stop  them  we  told  them  we  woidil  go 
on  their  Desire  if  they  woiUd  wait  half  an  hour  to  which  they  agreed  we  went  and  Tokl  the  People 
the  Gentlemen  Rcfjuist  we  Told  them  what  we  had  done  and  advise  by  no  means  to  stop  them  to 
whitch  they  agreed  if  we  would  Take  Two  or  three  as  Evidences  and  desire  them  Not  to  Run  only 
as  Disputed  Lands  then  went  Back  and  met  them  in  the  field  and  Returned  the  answer  as  above 
they  Told  us  then  Break  our  chain  or  compass  or  Tread  on  our  Chain  to  whitch  we  answered  we 
should  not  Tread  on  their  chain  Nor  Break  it  or  compass  Nor  Meddle  with  their  Persons  but  give 
them  the  honnour  that  Belonged  to  their  charracl>  is  so  Bide  them  farewell  they  shook  hands  and  God 
Bless  us  wish  us  well  and  we  Inuuediately  Returned  to  our  houses  and  Left  them  on  the  spot  and 
Bleve  all  our  People  Did  so  Return  with  is  the  whole  Truth  we  No. 

Jamks  Breakknridge 
Samm.  Robinson. 


Province  (jf  New 


)      February  11"'  1770.  The  aibresJ  James  Breakenridge  &,  Samuel  Robinson 
Hampshire       °°  \  personally  appeared  &,  made  Solemn  oath   that  the  foregoing  Deposition  or 
Narative  by  them  Subscribed  is  the  truth  the  whole  truth  &  nothing  Init  the  truth. 

Before  me  Samuel  Livehmouk,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


4 


III 


1.0 


1.1 


1.25 


l^|28     |2.5 
Ufi  Uii   12.2 


yuu 

U    11.6 


^  '*' 


-v 


'!»' 


7 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WIST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)872-4503 


k 


%° 


^ 


vV 


US3 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


IT.  GOV.  GOLDEN  TO  LORD  HILLSBOROUGH. 


[  Lond.  Doc.  XLII.  ] 

New  York,  4  January  1770 
My  Lord, 

His  Majestys  order  in  Council  of  the  24"'  July  1767  restrains  me  from  granting  the  letters  Patent 
prayed  for  by  the  inclosed  Petition.  I  am  well  assured  that  the  tacts  are  as  set  forth  by  tlie 
Petitioners,  and  whatever  equitable  claim  those  persons  may  have  who  took  grants  of  Laiids  from 
tlie  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire,  lying  Eastward  of  any  lands  granted  by  this  Province  certainly 
cannot  extend  to  such  as  did  lately  obtain  grants  from  that  Govern*  of  Lands  lying  nearer  Hudsons 
River  than  lands  do,  which  were  granted  under  this  Prov*  upwards  of  sixty  years  ago,  especially 
wlien  it  is  considered  that  they  passed  over  a  large  extent  of  Land,  much  nearer  to  Connecticut  River 
to  come  to  tliose  Lands  which  lye  witliin  tlie  antient  possessions  of  the  Prove  That  some  of  them 
even  seated  themselves  on  Lands  wliich  the  Settlers  under  this  Prov^*  had  been  obliged  to  abandon 
at  the  commencement  of  the  late  War — and  tliat  they  obtained  Grants  from  the  Govern'  of  N. 
Hampshire  for  any  of  these  Lands,  without  paying  tlie  least  regard  to  tlie  prior  Grants  and  notorious 
claim  of  this  Province. 

The  Petitioners  have  been  at  Considerable  expense  in  exploring  and  surveying  these  lands,  and 
have  hitherto  been  prevented  from  receiving  tlie  benefit  of  His  Miij"»  boiuity.  I  tlierelbre  thought 
it  necessary.  My  Lord,  to  comply  with  their  desire  that  I  should  transmit  tlieir  Petition  to  your  L<ndp 
in  order  to  obtain  His  Maj'y'  Commands  thereon. 

I  find.  My  Loi-d,  that  the  Settlement  and  Cultivation  of  the  Country  lying  West  of  Connecticut 
River,  which  was  formerly  granted  by  the  Govern*  of  New  Hampshire  is  entirely  retarded  by  tlie 
Controversies  which  have  arisen  between  those  Proprietors  and  this  Government.  When  I  formerly 
held  the  Admuiistration,  I  had  resolved  on  measures  respecting  these  Lands  which  I  was  then 
assured  would  give  entire  satisfaction  to  these  people  &  would  produce  the  immediate  settlement  of 
the  Country,  and  a  very  considerable  augmentation  of  His  Majestys  Quit-Rents. 

I  found  the  people  who  Jiad  taken  grants  of  Lands  from  the  Govei-ii*  of  N:  Hampsliire  west  of 
Connecticut  River,  very  willing  to  take  new  Grants  for  the  same  lands  from  this  Govern* ;  the 
expence  of  taking  out  tlie  Patents  being  the  only  objection.  To  obviate  tliis,  I  told  as  many  as  then 
applied  to  me,  that  I  would  give  them  Grants  and  leave  it  to  themselves  to  pay  me  such  proportion 
of  my  fees  as  they  could  conveniently  do,  and  that  I  would  use  my  intluence  witli  the  other  officers 
of  Govern*  to  lower  their  fees  in  these  Cases.  This  was  so  agreable  to  the  people  that  the  Proprietors 
of  several  Townships  immediately  proceeded  to  take  the  necessary  stei)S,  for  obtaining  tlie  new 
Grants,  but  I  was  prevented  from  puting  the  Seal  to  any  of  them  by  the  arrival  of  Sir  Henry  Moore. 
He  afterwards  took  his  full  fees  for  one  of  those  Grants  which  liad  been  very  near  ready  for  tlie  Seals 
before  he  came ;  and  I  am  told  he  refused  to  pass  any  without  his  full  Fees  were  paid.  This  gave 
great  disgust  to  the  people,  and  occasioned  those  applications  wliich  luive  since  been  made  to  the 
King  on  this  subject. 

I  tliink  it  my  duty  to  submit  my  sentiments  on  this  matter  to  your  Lordp  as  I  am  still  of  opinion 
that  New  Grants  given  by  this  Govern*  to  those  people  who  have  an  equitable  pretence  by  their 
former  Grants  from  New  Hampshire,  under  such  fees  of  office  as  shall  be  no  Avays  distressing, 
will  be  the  shortest  and  most  effectual  method  to  do  justice  and  give  satisfaction  to  the  proprietors. 
That  it  will  immediately  produce  the  settlement  of  that  large  and  valuable  Tract  of  Country,  and 


,1.  ijy»N 


CONTROVERSY    RF.SPECTING    THE  MEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


383 


greatly  increase  His  Majestys  Revenue.  The  difficulties  which  liave  obstructed  the  grants  of  those 
lands  for  some  years  past  being  removed,  will  most  effectually  promote  tlie  grant  of  that  Tract  of 
Land,  designed  as  I  am  informed  for  the  Society  tor  propagating  tlie  Gospel,  and  of  other  Tracts 
which  the  Trustees  of  the  College  and  Church  in  this  City  have  petitioned  Ibr. 

These  matters  are  mentioned  my  Lord  with  entire  submission  to  your  judgment  and  His  Maj'y* 
pleasure  by,  My  Lord, 

Tour  Lordp's  most  obedient  and  faitlii'ul  servant, 

Cadwalladkr  Colden. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN. 

Portsmouth  New  Hampshire  :  10  Feby  1779. 

Sir    I  have  had  the  honor  to  receive  your  Letters  of  the  2''  and  20"'  December  last. 

Inclosed  are  Depositions,  which  I  beg  Leave  to  present,  relative  to  M'  Wells  Conduct.  They  are 
too  plain  and  evident  to  leave  a  doubt  of  his  having  attempted  to  injure  tlie  King's  Service,  and  to 
frustrate  the  Laws  for  preservation  of  pine  Timber  :  his  Subsequent  assiduity  to  llie  like  evil  pur- 
pose is  not  less  Strange  than  unworthy — for  a  Judge  to  receive  an  alienation  &  take  possession  of  the 
Effects  of  persons  under  criminal  prosecutions  at  the  Kings  Suit,  while  the  suit  was  yet  pending, 
whereby  great  cost  is  tlirown  on  tlie  public,  altlio  said  Persons  were  legally  and  most  indisputably 
convicted — is  an  Event  so  singular  and  so  totally  destructive  of  the  ettectual  Administration  of  the 
Laws,  that  it  can  Scarcely  be  parralleled,  altho'  the  Return  made  by  the  Marshall  of  the  Court  on  the 
Execution  now  in  the  Court  at  New  York  particularly  specifys  it  of  Mr.  Wells.  It  is  hence  unne- 
cessary lb  add  any  further  Instance  of  prejudices  excited  against  these  Laws,  as  injuring  the 
property  of  Landholders  in  general — or  of"  Si)ightful"  prosecutions — Those  Calumnies,  the  first  will 
be  despised  when  duly  considered,  the  second,  my  conduct  does  and  shall  refute  :  but  attempting 
to  mislead  an  officer,  countenancing  open,  daring  Trespassers,  &  aiding,  in  throwing  the  charge  of 
their  prosecution,  on  the  Crown  ;  are  so  heinous  in  any  Subject,  but  in  a  Judge  so  highly  ruinous 
and  dishonourable  to  the  Service  ;  Tliat  I  think  it  my  Duty  to  the  King,  herein  again  to  assure  you, 
that  every  public  Mischief  must  result,  to  the  Department  of  Surveyor  of  Woods,  if  Mr.  Wells 
cloath'd  with  the  power  and  Influence  of  Magistracy,  may  still  be  an  Example  of  counteracting  & 
frustrating  such  useful  and  essential  Laws,  vv">  Impunity. 

At  the  time  that  I  am  thus  compelled  to  complain  of  the  only  opposition  I  have  ever  recJ  in 
executing  the  Laws  :  I  must  beg  you  will  permit  me  the  greatest  pleasure  in  doing  Justice,  in  my 
acknowledgments  of  the  just,  legal,  and  impartial  administration  of  the  Court  of  vice  Admirality ; 
from  whence  I  have  experienced  the  most  candid  and  disinterested  conduct.  Supported  by  Abilities 
that  arc  an  honor  to  a  Court,  and  the  highest  Blessing  to  a  Country. 

Toward  the  just  and  effectual  prosecution  of  these  Trespassers,  it  is  my  Duty  herewith  to  transmit 
to  your  Honour  &  the  Council,  a  Memorial  praying  that  the  Lands,  where  the  Trespass  was  committed 
(being  then  the  property  of  the  Deliijquents)  may  be  escheated  to  the  King;  according  to  the  Express 
Tenor  of  that  Grant  by  which  they  held — I  presume  that  upon  the  Overt  Act,  the  premises  revested 
in  the  Crown,  and  that  all  Subsequent  Conveyances  are  futile  ;  therefore  I  doubt  not  but  that  the 
Memorial  will  be  effectually  &  early  considered. 

I  very  sincerely  join  with  you  in  regretting  the  unhappy  state  of  that  District  under  your  Govern- 
ment as  communicated  tome,  in  your  Letter  of  the  20"»  December;  and  will  with  the  greatest  pleasure 


384 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


&  most  immediate  readiness  exert  every  Inilnence  of  mine,  that  can  possibly  avail  the  King's  service, 
or  tend  to  promote  a  peaceable  and  wise  subordination  to  tlie  Laws  among  any  of  his  subjects— I 
ihall  therefore  assiduously  embrace  any  useful  Opportunity,  to  this  purpose;  Altho'  from  my  total 
uuacquainteduess  of  the  Circumstances,  that  have  attended  this  matter  I  dare  not  flatter  myself  with 
any  prospect  of  much  success  in  it,  more  especialy  as  people  so  far  exasperated  &  deluded  as  to 
resist  the  due  Execution  of  the  Laws,  are  seldom  capable  of  being  perswaded  or  reason'd  into  sub- 
mission, unless  proceeding  from  an  Authority,  that  may  strengthen  and  enforce  attention — Wliatevor 
may  be  the  ostensible  Claim  of  these  people — They  cannot  have  the  least  possible  pretence  to  or 
liope  of  any  Countenance  or  Favour  from  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  in  any  riotous  &  illegal 
Conduct  which  is  so  etfectually  detested  here,  that  I  have  not  known  the  lest  Contumacy  take  place, 
since  my  Residence  in  the  Province — ^whence  it  can  not  bu't  be  expected  tliat  our  public  &  private 
disaprobation  will  render  vain,  &  confound  ev'ry  unlawful  View  from  hence — my  particular  Testi- 
mony against  all  Violence  &  riotous  disobedience  is  so  fully  known  within  the  limits  of  my  duty — 
that  I  am  at  a  loss,  by  what  means  it  can  be  more  publickly  testify'd — Aided  by  ye  prudent  Dispo- 
sitions of  this  province  it  has  hitherto  been  etfectually  recogniz'd  here,  and  I  truely  wish  it  may 
be  as  usefully  adopted  whenever  it  is  wanting. 

Permit  me,  therefore  to  assure  you,  that  I  shall  chearfuUy  embrace  &  zealously  pursue  every 
measure  for  the  King's  service  and  that  I  cannot  be  more  obliged  than  in  your  suggesting  to  me, 
expressly;  any  efficient  aid  that  may  be  in  my  power  therein — I  have  the  Honor  to  be  very  respectfully 

Sir  your  most  humble  Serv' 

J.  Wentwohth. 

P:  S:  Since  the  foregoing  was  wrote  Two  men  ;  from  the  Country  referred  to  in  your  Letter, 
very  unexpectedly  arrived  here:  Upon  enquiry  of  them,  they  have  given  me  the  inclosed  attested 
narrative,  written  by  themselves. 

I  am  yours  as  before  &« 

J.  Wentworth. 


MEMORIAL  OF  GOV.  WENTWORTH. 

To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Colden  Lieuten'  wovernor  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  His 
Majesty's  Province  of  New  York.  And  to  the  Honorable  His  Majesty's  Council  for 
said  Province  &<=  &<=  &«. 


M 


w'U 


The  Memorial  of  John  Wentworth  Esquire 

Sheweth  That  your  Memorialist  being  by  I  'lajestys  Commission  Surveyor  General  of  His 
Majesty's  Woods  in  all  and  singular  His  Majest,  olonies  &  Plantations  in  North  America;  did  in 
virtue  of,  and  obedience  to  liis  said  Commission,  discover  William  Deane,  Will™  Dcane  jun'  & 
Willard  Deane  Husbandmen  all  of  Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  -New 
York  trespassing  against  His  Majesty  by  cutting  felling  &  destroying  many  White  pine  Trees  olT  from 
Lands  in  s**  Town  of  Windsor;  which  Lands  William  Deane  first  aforesaid  holds  &  possesses  solely  by 
a  Grant  or  Patent  from  the  King  under  tlie  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  before  his 
Majesty's  orders  in  Council  to  annex  the  District  on  the  Western  Side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the 
Province  of  New  York. 

Your  Memorialist  further  slieweth  That  he  prosecuted  the  said  William  Deane  W'"  Deane  jun' 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSUIRE    GRANTS. 


385 


&  Willard  Deane  for  the  s^  Trespasses  in  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  the  Province  of  New 
York,  and  liaviiig  by  full,  and  clear  possitive  Kvidence,  supported  his  Complaint  His  Honour  the 
Judge  of  Vice  Admiralty  after  a  full  &  open  Trial,  did  solemnly  adjudicate,  and  decree  them  the 
said  Will'"  Deane,  William  Deane  jun'  li^d  Willard  Deane,  to  liave  been  guilty  of  cutting  Wliite 
pine  Trees  as  aforesaid;  and  to  have  incurred  tlie  penalty s  of  the  Statute  in  that  case  made  and 
provided — as  by  tlie  Decree  of  said  Court  may  at  large  appear  but  tlie  Execution  for  said  Penaltys 
being  directed  only  against  tlie  Goods  &  Cliattels  of  tlie  aforesaid  Trespassers,  which  it  appears  were 
alienated  (wliile  the  suit  was  yet  pending)  to  Samuel  Wells  Esq'' a  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
pleas  in  &  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  tlie  Province  aforesaid,  by  tiie  trespassers  aforesaid, 
whereby  tlie  Recovery  of  tlie  penaltys  in  the  Statute  aforesaid  is  evaded,  tho'  legally  adjudicated. 

Wlierefore  your  Memorialist  relying  on  your  Honors  ready  Dispositions  to  afibrd  all  legal  aid,  & 
assistance  towards  cairjing  tlie  Laws  into  due,  just  &  effectual  Execution;  begs  leave  to  represent — 
that  by  tlie  express  Terms  of  y*'  Grant  or  patent  of  said  Lands  under  tlie  public  seal  of  New  Hampsliire, 
tlie  property  reverts  to  the  King  with  right  of  re-entry,  upon  cutting  any  pine  Timber  from  olF  the 
premises,  witliout  Licence,  as  by  the  Second  Article  of  tlie  Condition  in  tlie  annexed  Copy  may  more 
fully  appear.  That  therefore  the  said  Lands  upon  committing  the  Fact  prohibited,  revested  in  the 
Crown. 

Wherefore  your  Memorialist  (being  also  informed  that  the  said  Lands  have  not  been  granted 
under  the  public  seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York)  prays  that  it  may  be  declared  they  are  forfeited, 
and  such  public  Reservation  of  the  Premises  made  as  may  to  your  Honors  seem  meet — whereby 
Your  Memorialist  apprehends,  that  tht.  Statute  for  preserving  White  pine  Timber  to  His  Majesty 
will  be  in  some  degree  carried  into  Execution  ;  whicli  otherwise  in  this  Instance  may  be  frustrated, 
and  the  most  open  convicted,  and  pernicious  Violation  thereof,  which  in  this  Case  was  perpetrated  in 
avowed  Defiance  of  the  Laws,  will  elude  that  Penalty  of  the  Statute  which  was  wisely  formed,  and 
which  by  the  Expeiiance  of  nemly  half  a  Century  has  in  other  Provinces  been  found  effectual  to 
thit  End — But  if  such  insiduous  Artifice,  wliich  in  fact  adds  to  their  Criminality,  may  unhappily 
cover,  and  Secure  them  from  the  Infliction  due  to  such  Trespassers,  Offenders  will  exult  in  the 
Breach  of  the  most  benficial  Laws,  and  in  committing  a  National  Injury  with  Impunity. 

All  which  is  submitted,  and  your  Memorialist  prays  such  Relief  on  the  premises  as  to  your 
Honours  shall  appear  just  and  expedient. 

And  your  Memorialist  shall  ever  pray  &« 

J.  Wentwokth. 

New  Hampshire  lO'h  February  1770. 


AFFIDAVITS. 


Br.NjAMm  Whiting  Esq''  of  Newbury  in  the  County  of  Albany  and  Collony  of  New  York  of  full 
age  Testifies  and  says  that  on  the  twenty  eighth  day  of  August  1769  he  Received  several  Writs 
which  had  been  Granted  by  the  Hon'''^  Richard  Maurice  Esqf  Judge  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty 
for  the  Province  of  New  York,  against  several  persons  for  Committing  Trespasses  in  the  King's  Woods 
(by  destroying  White  pine  Timber  within  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  Collony  aforesaid)  the 
Deponents  also  Received  a  deputation  witli  full  power  to  Execute  the  before  mentioned  Writs  from 
Tliomas  Ludlow  Esq''  Provost  Marshall  of  the  said  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  for  said  Collony  and  on 
Vol.  IV.  49 


1^' 


8  ■ 


38(> 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANT!?. 


I 


m 


the  29*h  tiny  of  said  August  the  said  Whiting  proceeded  to  Windsor  In  the  said  Cdunty  and  by 
virtue  of  two  of  tlie  above  mentioned  Writs  vvliicli  he  liad  against  Willard  Dean  and  William  Dean 
Jun'  he  apprehended  tlieir  bodies  and  the  day  ibllowing  Committed  them  lo  tlie  care  and  keei)ing  of 
Betijaralu  Wait  and  James  Rosebrook  wlio  were  to  conduct  them  to  Hinsdale  in  said  County  on  tlieir 
way  to  New  York,  While  the  deponent  was  gone  to  Execute  his  other  Writs  against  other  Tresi>asser8, 
and  on  the  second  day  of  September  following  the  deponent  proceeded  to  Brattleborough  in  the  said 
County  and  apprehended  another  person  for  a  supposed  Trespass  of  the  Like  kind  and  afterwards  the 
Deponent,  Called  upon  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Court  of  Common  pleas  and  one 
of  the  Justices  for  said  County  to  Let  him  know  what  the  deponent  had  done,  and  also  to  Let  him 
know  that  the  deponent  Expected  the  said  Wells'  Friendly  aid  as  a  Magistrate  provided  there  shonld 
be  Occasion  for  it,  as  the  deponent  Imagined  there  was  Danger  of  the  prisoners  being  Rescued,  the 
said  Wells  Expressed  his  dislike  to  the  proceeding  and  said  they  were  spightfuU  or  Malicious  actions 
owing  to  Governor  Wentworth's  being  Disafected  To  .vards  the  people  on  the  West  side  of  Connec- 
ticut River.  The  said  Wells  then  asked  the  depon'  which  way  he  propos'd  to  go  with  his  prisoners 
to  New  York,  the  depo'  said  he  did  not  know,  but  that  he  should  go  thro'  the  i'rovince  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay,  the  said  Wells  said  I'e  did  not  think  the  deponent  had  power  to  hold  them  in  that  pro- 
vince the  depo»  said  he  did  not  know  whicli  way  he  should  go,  but  determined  before  he  set  out  to 
ask  advice.  The  said  Wells  in  presence  of  the  prisoner"*  which  t!-.e  deponent  then  had  in  Custody  ; 
asked  tlie  deponent  which  way  he  determined  to  proceed  in  order  to  get  the  Evidences  to  New  York 
the  deponent  told  him  that  he  had  a  summons  tor  the  Witnesses  and  a  Ticket  to  deliver  each 
Witness  and  proposed  to  make  the  usual  Engagement  to  them  and  if  the  Witnesses  then  neglected 
to  attend  they  would  tlien  forfeit  one  hundred  pounds  sterling  mentioned  in  the  said  Ticketts  tlie 
said  Wells  tlien  Reply'd  tliat  the  penalty  mentioned  in  said  Ticketts  could  never  be  Recovered  of 
the  Witnesses  if  they  did  not  attend  agreeable  to  tiieir  summons  or  Tickett  for  the  penalty  men- 
tioned in  said  Tickett  was  only  in  Terrorem  which  word  said  Wells  Explained  to  the  prisoners.  The 
deponent  then  proceeded  to  Hinsdale  with  said  prisoners  Wiiere  he  found  John  Grout  an  Attorney 
at  Law  in  the  County  aforesaid  advising  with  the  before  mentioned  Deans  ;  said  Grout  desired  to 
know  of  tlie  dep<jnent  whicli  way  he  determined  to  Travell  with  the  said  Deans  to  New  York,  said 
Grout  said  he  thought  it  best  to  go  Thro'  tlie  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  Wliere  provision 
was  made  by  the  Law  of  that  Province  tliat  the  deponent  may  Travel  with  his  prisoners  unmolested 
and  in  case  there  should  be  an  attempt  to  Rescue  the  Prisoners  he  had  a  Right  to  Require  the 
people  of  the  County  to  assist  him,  but  the  deponent  told  said  Grout  that  he  should  Take  further 
advice  before  he  set  out,  and  on  the  monday  morning  following,  being  the  fofirth  day  of  September 
1709  said  Wells  Came  to  Hinsdale  where  the  deponent  and  the  said  Willard  and  William  the  said 
prisoners  were  and  after  said  Wells  having  Oppoitunity  to  advise  witli  said  Willard  and  Willijmi, 
said  Wells  came  and  askfd  the  deponent  which  way  he  had  determined  to  go  to  New  York,  the 
Deponent  told  said  Wells  tliat  he  had  determined  to  go  across  the  mountains  and  Woods  to  All)aiiy, 
the  said  Wells  then  said  t!ie  deponent  had  better  go  thro'  tlie  Massachusetts,  that  he  Iiiiagiiiod  tiiere 
could  be  no  Difticulty  attending  his  going  Thro'  that  Province,  and  advised  the  Deponent  to  (!o 
thro'  the  Province  of  tlie  Massachusetts  Bay,  but  the  depo'  the  day  following  set  out  for  Albany 
across  the  woods  witli  liis  j)iisoner  and  assistants,  and  on  their  wny  met  said  Samuel  Wells,  wli'o 
said  to  tlie  deponent  tlien  you  are  Determined  to  go  acros  the  Woods,  the  Deponent  Answered  he 
had,  said  Wells  then  said  he  wished  tlio  Deponent  had  gone  thro'  the  ProviJice  of  tlie  MMSsachu- 
setts  B:iy  for  if  iie  Iwid  smIi!  Wells  said  that  Grout,  meaning  the  before  mentioned  Grout,  wi mid 
have  liceii  Ready  lor  tlie  ilepoiicnt  and  his  Assistants  at  Springfield  or  some  where  along  there,  Wlio 
would  have  arrested  the  deponent  and  his  assistants  and  Committed  them  to  Goal,  and  the  prisoners 


■>    OB 

11 


CONTROVERSY    RESPKCTING    THE   NEW    IIAMPSIIIHK   GRANTS. 


387 


then  would  have  gone  at  Large  the  said  Wells  then  saitl  that  when  he  went  to  Hinsdale,  the  day 
bflln-e  lie  Imd  determined  to  send  said  Grout  into  tiie  Massachusetts,  to  fix  matters  against  the 
deponent  got  tlierc  wltli  his  prisoners,  tliat  tlie  Deponent  and  his  assistants  miglit  l)e  arrested  but 
the  said  Wells  said  wlien  he  got  to  Hinsdale  lie  found  that  said  Grout  was  gone  into  tlie  Massachu- 
iietts  tlir  tlie  last  mentioned  purpose.  The  Deponent  tlien  told  said  Wells  tiiat  he  thougiit  it  was  the 
duty  of  a  man  in  ills  Station  to  aid  and  assist  an  Officer  in  the  Execution  of  his  Office  and  not 
Impe«le  him.  Tiie  same  Day  tlie  Deponent  proceeiled  to  Marlborough  with  the  said  Willard  and 
William  and  in  the  Night  time,  the  small  Log  house  where  the  Depo'  with  his  prisoners  Lodged 
was  beset  with  a  large  number  of  Kiotous  men  from  Brattleborough  and  Guiltbrd  who  behaved  ia 
a  Very  hostile  manner  and  swore  they  would  have  the  prisoners  or  pull  down  the  house,  they 
Tarried  all  uight  and  Dispersed  the  Next  day  and  further  saith  not. 

BtNJA  WuiTIN'G. 

Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

January  the  first  day  Anno  Domini  1770  Benjamin  Whiting  Esqi"  the  above  Deponent  appeared 
personally  before  me  One  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  said  Province  and  made  Solemn 
Oath  that  the  above  Deposition  by  him  subscribed  was  the  Truth  and  Nothing  but  the  Truth. 

Danl  Jonks  Jus:  Pac«». 


City  of  New- York,  ss.  Benjamin  Wait  of  full  age  personally  came  and  appeared  before  me  Danie] 
Horsuianden  Esq'  Cliief  Justice  of  the  Province  of  New  York  and  being  duly  sworn  on  the  holy 
Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith  that  he  is  a  Kesident  in  Windsor  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in 
tlie  C<»llony  of  New  York  that  on  the  29">  ilay  of  August  last  past  One  Certain  Willard  Dean  and  one 
Ctrtitine  William  Dean  Jim'  were  taken  into  Custody  l>y  Benjamin  Whiting  by  virtue  of  process 
Issued  out  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  of  New  York  against  the  said  defendants  lor  offences  and 
IbrlViture  therein  said  to  be  Committed  and  Incurred  by  the  said  defendants.  That  the  said  Benjamin 
Wliiting  at  the  Request  of  the  said  defendants  who  were  tlien  his  prisoners  Committed  them  that 
night  to  the  Custody  of  the  deponent.  That  on  the  next  day  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  com- 
uiaiKled  the  assistance  of  the  depon*  to  take  Care  of  tlie  said  prisoners  in  bringing  them  to  tiie  said 
Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  at  the  City  of  New  York  and  the  prisoners  desiring  one  Day  to  prepare  for 
tlielr  Journey  the  said  Benjamin  Wliiting  Committed  them  to  the  care  of  the  deponent  and  one  James 
K()sel)nK)k  and  Directed  the  said  liosebrook  and  the  deponent  to  meet  him  with  the  said  prisoners  at 
Hinsdale  in  the  said  County  of  Cumberland,  and  that  the  said  Benjamin  Wliiting  tlien  went  in 
pursuit  of  other  persons  against  whom  he  had  other  processes.  That  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting 
left  a  pistol  and  some  ammunition  with  Each  of  them  the  said  Rosebrook  and  the  deponent  for 
their  defence  in  Case  any  Injury  should  be  attempted  Towards  tliera,  or  any  attempt  made  to  Rescue 
the  said  prisoners  which  there  was  great  Reason  to  fear,  That  on  the  thirty  first  day  of  August 
aforesaid  the  said  Rosebrook,  the  said  defendants  and  the  deponent  did  set  out  to  go  to  Hinsdale,  and 
In  their  way  to  Hinsdale  atbresaid,  on  the  first  day  of  September  at  Night  one  John  Grout  an  attorney 
at  Law  in  Cumberland  County  met  them  at  Westminster  and  that  night  Insisted  that  the  said 
liosebrook  and  the  deponent  had  not  any  Right  to  keep  the  said  prisoners  in  the  absence  of  the 
said  Whiting  and  that  they  had  not  any  Right  to  have  or  Carry  Anns  with  them.  That  on  *he  next 
morning  the  second  of  September  before  tlie  Deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook  with  the  said  Prisoners 
did  set  olf  on  their  way  from  Westminister  to  Hinsdale  the  said  John  Grout  told  the  said  prisoners  not 
to  go  with  the  deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook  unless  they  Carried  them  by  force  and  told  the 


I>    ' 


d8d 


CONTROVEllSY    IICSPKCTINO   THE    NF.W    IMMrSIllHr.    CHARTS. 


Deponent  tluit  thvy  would  Imve  a  lliglit  to  hriiig  tlicir  Artion  iigainst  Iiiin,  Tlmt  the  siikl  John 
Grout  ulso  lusistoil  that  tlie  siiUl  prisoners  shouhl  not  go  witli  tins  sniil  Host-brook  iiml  the  Dqionunt 
nnk'ss  they  would  unload  their  lire  anus,  or  Draw  tlie  cjuirges  out  of  tlieir  pistols.  Tliut  tlie  said 
Grout  did  Insist  so  nmcli  on  the  Deponent  to  Draw  the  Cliarges  out  of  tlie  said  Pistols  and  Threatened 
him  so  niucli  that  he  did  unload  botli  the  said  Pistols,  and  tliat  tlie  said  Grout  did  tlien  Insist  tliat  tlie 
deponent  sliould  burn  all  the  ammunition  which  ho  and  the  said  Itosebrook  had  with  them  which 
the  dejionant  Refused  and  did  not  comply  with.  Tiiat  the  said  prisoners  Consented  to  go  and  did 
go  witli  the  deponent  and  tlie  said  Hosebrook  to  Iliiisdule  w  iiere  they  again  Ibund  the  said  Grout, 
uiid  that  the  said  lienjainin  Whiting  Came  tliere  that  Evening  witli  another  perstm  a  prisoner.  That 
the  said  Grout  ut  Hinsdale  Endeavoured  to  persuade  the  said  Whiting  to  go  with  the  said  Prisoners 
Through  part  of  the  Massucliusetts  &  Connecticut  Governments  and  told  him  that  the  way  thro'  the 
Colony  of  New  York  across  the  Mountains  was  very  Dillicult  thro'  Mountains  without  a  II  ad,  and 
that  tliro'  the  other  Collonies  there  was  a  Good  Uoad  and  by  Law  a  provision  made  for  Leave  and 
Authority  for  the  Ollicers  of  other  Collonies  to  carry  tlieir  prisoners  thro'  those  Collonies,  That  the 
Deponent  Informed  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  of  the  betbre  mentioned  Conduct  of  the  salt!  Grout 
in  his  presi^nce,  and  that  Grout  then  told  tlie  said  Whiting  that  the  Deponent  had  not  any  Right 
to  keep  the  said  prisoners  and  that  he  the  said  Wliiting  had  no  Right  to  carry  fire  arms,  when  he  had 
any  prisoner  in  his  Custody,  and  that  he  would  make  him  know  it.  That  on  the  Third  day  of 
Septem""  the  said  Grout  left  the  Deponant  and  the  prisoners  at  Hinsdale  where  they  Tarried  all  that 
Day  being  Sunday.  That  early  the  next  day  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court  of 
Common  pleas  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  Came  to  Hinsdale  at  the  Instant  the  said 
Benjamin  was  Going  across  Connecticut  River  to  one  Jones  a  Lawyer  to  ask  council  Tliat  the  said 
Wells  took  the  said  prisoners  into  tlie  Orchanl  and  had  some  conversation  with  them  during  which 
time  the  deponent  stood  before  the  door  of  the  house  where  they  then  Tarried  and  observed  the 
prisoners.  That  the  said  Wells  Returned  to  the  Deponent  and  asked  him  what  way  Mr.  Whiting 
Intended  to  go  with  the  prisoners  and  on  the  Deponents  Informing  him  tliat  he  Imiigined  that  Mr. 
Whiting  would  Go  across  the  Woods,  The  said  Wells  replied  what  would  make  him  go  across  the 
•woods  you  had  better  go  Down  the  River  and  then  you  can  goby  Water  and  have  a  good  Road  all  the 
Way,  That  the  said  W^ells  then  asked  the  Deponent  if  Whiting  liad  not  Intended  to  go  down  the 
Riyer  when  he  did  first  set  out,  and  on  the  Deponents  answering  that  he  did  not  know  "Mr.  Whiting 
first  intended  to  Take  advice.  The  said  Wells  said  if  you  had  gone  that  way  I  dare  say  Grout  would 
have  been  Ready  for  you  at  Springfield  or  somewhere  along  there,  and  wouUl  arrest  yt)U  and  put  you 
into  gaol  and  the  prisoners  would  be  Released.  That  tlie  deponent  then  told  the  said  Wells  that 
would  not  do  any  good  to  the  jirisoners,  it  would  only  cieate  costs  and  Trouble,  and  they  would 
be  taken  again,  to  which  said  Wells  Reply'd  they  could  never  bo  Taken  again.  Tiiat  after  the  said 
WHiitiiig  Returned  the  said  Wells  asked  the  said  Whiting  in  the  deponents  jnTsenoe  wliich  way  ho 
Intended  to  go,  that  Whiting  answered  he  believed  he  would  go  across  the  woods,  upon  Which  the 
said  Wells  ask'd  him  what  would  make  him  go  that  way,  and  told  him  that  he  would  never  get  across 
the  Woods  and  had  much  better  go  down  tlie  River  where  he  could  go  in  a  Canoe  or  have  a  good 
Road  all  the  way.  That  the  said  Wells  afterwards  told  the  said  Whiting  that  if  he  had  gone  down 
the  River  he  dared  to  say  that  Grout  would  have  been  ready  for  him,  an<l  Either  said  arrest  or  attach 
him.  That  on  Next  day,  which  was  the  fifth  day  of  September  the  said  Whiting  with  tb.e  said 
Willard  Dean  and  William  Deane  Jun'  in  his  Custody,  and  the  deponent  and  the  said  Rosebrook 
in  his  company  wei-e  met  in  Brattleburrough  by  the  said  Wells,  that  the  said  Wells  in  conversation 
asked  the  said  Whiting  whether  he  did  not  Intend  to  have  gone  down  the  River  when  he  did  first 
set  out,  that  Whiting  answered  that  he  was  not  at  that  time  Determined  which  way  he  should  Take 


CONTROVKHSV    UKSPKi:riN(;    TlIK    NEW    IIAMPSIIIHE   GHANTI. 


380 


HS  he  then  Iiitemlcd  to  take  lulvice,  That  ihr  .said  Wdltt  tlicii  toltl  lum  tliat  lii^  wislu'il  ho  had  (roue 
down  the  Hi ver  us  he  durtd  to  say  that  (J rout  would  hav«  bt-cu  Iti-ady  for  hiui  aud  have  uncstid 
]ihn  uud  then  told  Widting  that  when  he  went  over  tu  Hiusdalo  yesterday  umruiu^  he  Intended  to 
send  (j rout,  but  Ibund  that  Grout  was  Rone  before  he  arrived  tlier<',  That  tlie  said  Wliitiui;  tlien 
told  the  said  Wells  tiuit  he  was  a  pretty  Devil  of  u  Judge  to  attempt  to  serve  liiiu  in  tliat  manner, 
That  he  thought  it  was  his  duty  Kather  to  assist  an  ollicer  w  Ith  prisoners  tlian  try  to  lead  him  into  a 
snare.  To  which  Wells  answered  so  it  is  if  you  liad  apply'd  to  me,  but  you  did  not  apply  to  me, 
and  added  tliat  it  was  but  a  bad  or  a  spiteful  aetion  and  that  he  was  ])et*>rndned  to  assist  the 
young  men  all  tliat  he  could,  and  Intimated  that  he  shoidd  have  been  very  glad  to  have  them  set 
free.  That  in  the  Night  of  tlie  said  ilflli  Day  of  September  a  Itiotous  Number  of  Men  Came  about 
a  small  log  house.  Where  the  said  Widting  witli  his  prisoners  and  the  deponent  and  the  said 
Itosebrook  Lodged,  and  broke  into  the  Lower  part  of  the  house  and  threateneil  to  {luU  it  down  and 
Itescue  the  said  prisoners  with  many  Violent  threats  against  tlie  Life  of  the  said  Whiting,  but  that 
after  so  much  outrageous  behaviour  in  the  Night  uud  Threats  and  Entreaties  they  were  prevailed 
ou  to  depart  in  the  morning. 

Sworne  this  fifteenth  day  of  November  17G9.  I}i::nja.min  Wait. 

Before  me  Dani.  IIoksmanden. 

Amos  TuTE  of  Hinsdale  of  full  age  Testifies  and  says  that  some  time  in  the  month  of  August  or 
September  Anno  Dondni  17(59  Tlie  Deponent  went  to  Brattleborough  with  Benjamin  Whiting  Ksq' 
in  order  to  assist  said  Widting  in  taking  one  Ebenezer  Fisher  wiio  said  Whiting  told  the  Deiiuiunt  he 
had  u  Writ  against  lor  destroying  the  King's  Timber  and  after  said  Whiting  had  arrested  said  Fisher 
and  was  about  to  carry  him  to  llinsiiale  where  said  Whiting  had  one  Willard  Deaiic  and  William 
Deane  Jun^  in  Custody  for  the  Like  ofleiioc  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  of  Brattlebiuroiigh  one  uf  the 
Justices  of  the  Court  of  Common  pleas  f(jr  the  Comity  of  Cumberland  aslied  said  Wliiting  wliicli 
way  he  proposed  to  go  to  New  York  with  the  men  he  had  in  Custody,  tlie  said  Wiiiliiig  said  he  did 
not  know  which  way  he  should  go  said  Wells  told  said  Whiting  he  did  not  know  whether  he  had  a 
Right  to  go  through  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  some  time  afterwards  tlic  deponent 
heard  said  Wells  tell  said  Wliiting  that  he  said  Wells  tho't  there  would  bo  no  diflieully  in  going  thro* 
the  Province  of  tlie  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  seem'd  to  Encourage  said  Wldting's  Travelling  thro'  the 
Province  aforesaid  with  his  prisoners,  but  said  Whiting  chose  Bather  to  go  across  tlie  woods  & 
mountains  to  Albany  and  took  his  Departure  accordingly,  and  further  saith  not. 

A.M0S    TuTE. 


Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

December  the  Thirtieth  day  Anno  Domini  ITtiO.  Amos  Tute  of  Hinsdale  in  the  C<jnnty  of  Ctim- 
Iterland  the  Within  deponent  appeared  personally  beibre  the  Subscriber  One  of  his  Majesty's 
Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire  being  first  Cautioned  to  Testify  the  whole 
Truth  made  Solemn  Oath  that  the  written  Deposition  by  him  subscribed  is  the  Truth  and  nothing 

but  the  Truth. 

Dan'  Jokes  Jus:  Pac«». 
(Endorsed)    Deposition  of  Benjamin  Whiting 
Benjamin  Waite  &  Amos  Tute.    1 770  March 
14:  Read  in  Council. 


300 


CONTROVEHSV    RUPCCTINC    TIIC    MEW    IIAHPBIIinC   GRANT!. 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  FOR  ERECTING  THE  COUNTY  OF  GLOCESTER. 


'I 


At  tt  Council  held  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  York  on  Wednesday 
the  twenty  eighth  Day  of  Felwuary  1770. 

Phesent 
■    Tiie  Hono"-!*  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq'  Lieut :  Gov'  &»• 

M'  Watts  M'  Smith 

M'  DeLancey  M'  Cruger 

Mf  Reade  M'  Wallace 

M'  Morris  M'  White 

The  Petition  of  the  Proprietors  or  Inhabitants  of  the  Lands  on  the  West  Side  of  Connecticut  Kiver, 
to  the  Number  of  one  luuidred  and  twenty  Persons  in  the  whole,  was  presented  to  the  Bdard  and 
Read.  Setting  forth,  among  other  things,  tliat  there  is  a  vast  and  valualile  Country  between  Con- 
necticut River  and  Lake  Ciiamplain,  and  extending  from  tlie  County  of  Cumberland  on  tlie  South,  to 
the  Latitude  of  tbrty  live  Degrees  North,  capable  of  subsisting  many  Inhabitants,  to  the  great 
Increase  of  the  Strength  and  Prosperity  of  tlie  Empire  In  general,  and  the  Province  of  New  York 
in  particular.  That  the  Establishment  of  the  County  of  CuinlM-rlimd,  as  it  conduced  to  the 
Maintenance  of  gooti  Order,  has  greatly  promoted  tlie  Improvement  of  tliat  District,  which  Is  daily 
advancing  and  will  soon  become  an  iu)])ortaiit  and  flourishing  County  :  Tiic.t  such  of  tlie  Petitioners 
as  live  to  the  Northward  of  Cumberland  are  exiK)sed  to  Rapine  and  Plunder  I'rom  a  lawless  Banditti  of 
Felons  and  Criminals  who  fly  thither  from  otlier  Places.  And  that  it  is  inipossil)le  to  obtain  Justice 
while  they  remaui  a  part  of  the  County  of  Albany  as  the  Magistrate  can  have  no  Eye  upon  those  distant 
Parts,  nor  can  the  Petitioners  procure  officers  to  come  thitlier,  or  they  in  their  present  stale  go  to 
them  :  That  there  are  upwards  of  seven  hundred  souls  to  the  Northwanl  »tf  the  County  of  Cumber- 
land, and  that  such  is  the  Quality  and  situation  of  the  Land  that  under  proper  Encouragement,  and 
by  the  Help  of  the  Overflowing  of  the  neiglibouring  Colonies  the  whole  Country  may  in  a  lew  years 
be  under  actual  Cultivation  :  And  therefore  the  Petitioners  humbly  pray  tliat  a  new  County  may  be 
constituted  to  the  Northward  of  tiie  said  Comity  of  Cumberland. 

On  reading  and  due  consideration  whereof  it  is  ordered  by  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant  Governor 
witli  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Council  that  his  Mnjesty's  Attorney  (Jeneral  of  this  Province  do 
forthwitli  prepare  and  lay  before  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant  Governor  in  C<mncil  the  Draft  of  an 
Ordinance  Erecting  into  a  separate  County  by  the  Name  of  Glocester,  with  such  Powers  as  are 
necessary  for  tlie  due  Administration  of  Justice  within  tlie  same.  All  that  certain  Tract  or  District 
of  Land  Situate  lying  and  being  to  the  Northward  of  tiie  County  of  Cumberland  :  Begiiming  at  the 
Northwest  Corner  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  :  and  thence  running  North  as  the  needle  points 
fifty  Miles  :  thence  East  to  Connecticut  River  ;  thence  along  the  West  Bank  of  the  same  River  as  it 
runs,  to  the  Northeast  corner  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  on  the  said  river  and  thence  along 
the  north  bounds  of  the  said  county  of  Cumberland  to  the  Place  of  Beginning :  And  that  the 
Township  of  Kingsland  be  by  the  said  Ordinance  declared  and  appointed  the  County  Town, 
^reced  3hhhh 


f.'i     . 


m 


qpMTROVeRIIY    REkPIXTINQ   THE   MKW    HAMPHillRE   GlUMTI. 


Ml 


OFFIf'KUS  FOR  GLOCESTER  COUNTY. 

LiiT  of  Jiulgen,  Afisiiitant  Jiistloed  and  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  uf  Qloucestcr 

nppuinted  by  C'otunilsiiion  Dated  March  1770. 

Jolm  Tapllti         "i 
Siiniuel  Slc«'iM'r    >  Judges. 
Thomas  Suiuner  ) 

AbiMT  Fowler  i 

Saiuuel  Penox  >  Assistant  Justices. 

Israel  Smith,    ) 

Thomas  Chamberlain  1 

John  Peters  >  Justices  of  the  peace. 

Jonathan  Sumner       ) 


DRS.  AUCIIMUTY  AND  COOPER  TO  LIEUT.  GOV.  COLDEN. 

New  York  the  10«''  of  July  1770. 

Sir.  As  your  Honor  has  been  so  very  obliging  as  to  desire  Judge  Sleei)er  to  call  upon  us  for  our 
approbation,  of  the  Gentlemen  he  has  named  to  you,  to  l)e  appointed  Military  Officers  in  (ilocester 
Ctmnty  ;  a  Townslup  of  which  is  granted  l>y  your  Honor  to  tlie  College  in  tliis  City  ;  we  beg  leave 
therefore,  to  inform  jour  Honor,  tliat  besides  Judge  Sleeper's  reconuuendation,  we  have  received  a 
Letter  from  a  worthy  Clergj man  one  M'  Peters,  the  present  Missionary  of  Hebron,  who  has  some 
tliought  of  removing  to  tlie  new  Settlement,  recommending  tlie  lollowing  Gentlemen  to  conunand  tlie 
Militia;  viz'  Cap'  Jolin  Peters  to  lie  ])romoted  to  tlie  Rank  of  Coll  Cap'  Micliael  Lovell  Lieu'  Col', 
and  Lieu'  Henry  Moore  Major;  anil  tliat  tlie  Captains  &  Subalterns  oflicers  be  appointeil  agreeable  to 
the  Recommendation  of  tlie  Field  oflicers. 

This,  we  humbly  Submit  to  your  Honors  Superior  Judgment ;  &  are  with  the  greatest  respect  & 

esteem 

Your  Honors  much  Obliged  &  most  Obedient  Servants 

Samuel  Auchmutv. 

His  Honor  Lieut'  Gov'  Golden.  Myles  Cooper. 

(Here  follows  the  notice  of  their  appointment.) 


PETITION  OF  JOHN  GROUT. 

To  the  Honourable  Daniel  Horsraanden  Esquire  Chief  Justice  of  the  Province  of  New  York. 
The  Petition  of  John  Grout  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York 
Gentleman. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioner  is  advised  and  doth  conceive  that  he  hath  Good  Cause  of  Action  against 
David  Stone,  Samuel  Stone,  Elisha  Hawley,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebenezer  Curtis,  John  Benjamin,  Andrew 
Norton,  Elnathon  Strong,  .Joseph  Thompson,  David  Getchel  and  Steel  Smith,  for  their  assaulting 


noi 


CDNTROVK.UNV    HKMPKrTIMJ    Till'.    NRW    IIAMPaillllt:   UHANTR. 


l! 


Dfliiliilimiii.l  Imi'il.^.iiiliirt  j<mr  IVtitlonrr  at  the  «'V«'riiI  timed  nml  in  tin- iiiniiiii'r  set  forili  In  tlic 
lUwii'Xfil  alll(Li\ll  aiiil  ilnlli  ('i)iiffivu  it  iU'<T!*!*ui-y  tn  tirhiK  two  Snils  al  Law  auainxt  tlic  l'«'ij«i>n!t 
hI)o\«'  iiaiiK'd  lltr  icciivt'iy  df  iils  Danianrn  l>y  rniNoii  nt' tlu"  ^alln•.  Ami  <lntU  Fnttial  lurlinrno 
tlic  •tiilii  INtsoU!)  uIhivu  iiiiiiu'il  with  hi!)  I)uiiiug<<  to  tli«>  anioiiiit  of  tinir  liitinlml  iidiimiIm  la  i'luli  of 
lii»  said  arliiiM!). 

Your  r»'ti(iuM«T  therrfore  liuiubly  Prays  that  In  T^nthr  Citn!«hl«'itttliin  of  the  Prnnisfs  yonr 
Honour  will  lU*  \)Wnml  to  Onlor  Hall  to  your  IVtitloii»'r!»  Actions  In  tliesuni  of  Four  humlrtii  pounila 
eacli  uv  suclk  utht-r  mm  us  yuiir  llonuur  Shall  JiKl^t'  nxTt. 

And  your  I'ttltionpr  sliall  i)ray  &" 

John  Ghoi't. 
Lt't  process  Issue  ngalnst  David  Stone,  Samuel  Stone,  Klislia  llawley,  Knoeli  Judd,  Kliene/er 
Ciutis,  Jolui   nenjainin,  Andrew  Norton,  KInathan  Strong,  Joseph  Timmpson,  Davhl  Oetelitl  and 
Stefl  Smith  upon  tlie  preeeeding  aflliluvlt  and  I'etltlon  with  uu  uc  etiam  Ibr  Two  hundred  pounds 
in  eaeh  action. 

August  y  Ol""   1770.  .  l)ANb  1I0U8.MAM)KN. 

(Kndorsed)     AtRdavIt  of  John  Grout  &  Pe«  &  order  for  Ball. 
Hied  ll'h  Aug'«  1770.  Bkibu,  Att". 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JOHN  GROUT. 


City  of  New  York  ss.  John  Ohoit  of  Chester  in  the  C(mnty  of  Cumberland  attorney  at  Law 
practising  in  tlie  Inferior  Court  of  Conunon  I'leas  for  tlie  said  County  came  this  day  before  me  and 
made  Oatli  That  some  time  in  the  nioutli  of  May  last  past  Daniel  Whipple  lOsipiire  Higli  Slicrill'of  tho 
County  of  Cuml)erland  came  to  this  Deponents  House  and  demanded  his  Assistance  as  one  of  n 
I'osse  he  intended  to  raise  in  order  to  Uetuke  one  Joseph  Wait  and  otiiers  who  had  escaped  out  of 
Ills  Custody  being  Rescued  by  a  number  of  armed  men,  That  the  said  Slieritf  Insisting  ujKin  tids 
Deponents  attendance  this  Deponent  accordingly  accompanied  the  said  SheriiV  as  one  of  tlie  I'osso 
which  amounted  to  about  15  or  1(J  Persons  to  the  House  of  the  said  Joseph  Wait  and  lie  not  being 
at  Home  and  being  intl)rmed  that  he  was  at  the  House  of  Benjamin  Wait  the  said  Sherilf  with  tlio 
Posse  Proceeiled  towanis  the  said  House  and  had  travelled  but  a  little  distance  belbre  this  Deponent 
discovered  a  Body  of  Men  approaching  in  a  Riotous  manner  to  the  number  of  about  Forty  Persons 
wlio  were  arninied  with  Giuis,  Swords,  Pistols,  and  Clubs,  among  whom  were  Nathan  Stone,  Joseph 
Wait,  nenjainin  Wait,  and  Samuel  Stone  the  Persons  whom  the  Sheriff  wanted  to  Retake,  together 
witii  Peter  Levins  David  Stone  Benjamin  Thurston,  Samuel  Gridley,  David  Getchel,  Jacob  Getchel, 
Elislia  Hawley,  Kbenezer  Horsington,  Ebenezer  Horsington  Jun',  Simeon  Mills,  Enoch  Judd,  Ebene- 
zer  Curtis,  SoloiiKin  Einiiioiis,  Jolin  Benjamin,  Andrew  Norton,  Jonathan  Noble,  John  White,  Samuel 
Wliiston,  Elnatlian  Strong,  Josejih  Thompson,  Joseph  King,  Steel  Smith  and  Aaron  Bartlet  since 
Deceased,  that  tlie  said  Nathan  Stone  marched  bef;)ro  the  persons  so  assembled  in  a  Riotous  manner 
armed  with  a  Sword  tliat  tlie  said  Sherilf  in  the  Hearing  of  the  Persons  so  riotously  assembled  made 
Proclamation  aloud  in  form  of  Law  fur  them  to  Disjierse,  but  without  Effect  soon  after  which  tlie 
said  Josejih  Wait  and  some  otliers  of  tlie  liioters  Rushed  upon  the  Sherilf  &  his  Posse  that  the  said 
.loseph  Wait  being  armed  with  a  Pistol  in  his  left  hand,  and  a  Club  in  his  right  Hand  Struck  at 
tliis  Deponent  twice  with  the  Club  which  this  Deponent  avoitled  by  suddenly  retreating  whereupon 


i       r. 


OUMTKOVKHIIY    RKMPKCTINn    TIIV.    N».\\'    IIAMimitlllK   liHANtl. 


8M 


the  Rnlil  Josopli VVttIt levclleil  Ids  PI«ti)I  nt  tliin  I)«'p<>»f rit, l»j  wlil«li  tlilR  cli-iioiifiit  wa«  put  in  fo«r  nml 
Drciul  of  his  Llli*,  TImt  tlie  olht'i  liiott-r.*  thi'miimn  in  (it  ncral  (ill  upon  th<*  !«ai(l  ShfrilT'und  IiIh  l'o^se 
wiiirli  tluty  Hoon  over{>o\vcir(l,  and  ti)i-<Tnl>ly  an«i  Violcnily  Sil/t-tl  this  Dfponcnt  antl  otlirrn  (if  tlie 
said  poNM>,  and  Carrivd  thi'iii  to  tlif  IIuunc  of  tho  mdd  Jostcpli  Wait  wlicrt'  thv  ShciilV  was  Infoiincd 
hy  till'  iiuid  Itiolft'N  that  oMo  at  h'ast  of  liis  said  Vo-tM'  sn  tui<fn  tiny  Woitjd  liojd  Prisom-is  until  lie 
tlic  »itid  Shcrilf,  lldH  I)4'|ioni'nt  and  soniH  otli«Ts  biiouKI  cntn-  Into  Uond  tor  Fivt<  liundird  Poniid 
acroi'dini;  to  the  lifst  of  lids  Deponents  Ki'mt-ndiranoc  and  Ihllef  to  lu>  foi'ffitcd  if  tlu*  inattcrs  tiir 
wiiii-h  tli«>  !<aid  S!i«-i'ilf  was  then  uttcniptlnic  to  take  theni  wen*  any  Inrthcr  prost'cuted,  or  if  any  of 
the  Inhaliitants  of  Windsor  should  Im*  ]troH*-<-uti'd  at  the  then  ncM  Ut-n*  ral  Sessions  iiir  any  ('i'ini<  h 
wlmtsofver,  And  further  that  tim  sahl  Sheritt'  should  KnuaK**  tn  make  Heturn  upon  the  I'rocesn 
HGiainst  the  said  Xathan  Stone,  Joseph  Walt,  lienjanda  Walt  and  Samuel  Stone,  that  theyrouM  not 
he  found  in  his  liailiwiok— That,  after  detaining  this  Deponent  a  I'risoner  in  thu  said  House  liir 
upwartis  of  Seven  Hours  the  saUl  Sherlll' &  this  Deponent  with  tho  rest  of  the  Prosse  were  »»'t  at 
Lihcrty  and  SulVered  to  Depart,  And  this  Deponent  further  Deposeth  that  on  thv  tiflh  day  of  Jiuin 
last  widle  (his  Deponent  was  utteadinK  tiie  Interior  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  thu  SHi<l  Comity  in 
the  liusiiiess  of  Ids  Profession  iit  tlic  Township  of  Chester  in  the  said  County  one  Jieiijamlii 
TInirston  and  one  David  (Jetchel  seize*!  this  Deponent  then  in  tiio  House  of  John  Clmndler  Ksij'  Clerk 
of  tlie  I'eace  tlir  the  said  County  and  Jorcealdy  and  Violently  Carried  him  away  from  thenee  St. 
were  goon  after  Joined  hy  David  Stone,  Elisha  Hawley,  Kiioeh  Jiuld,  Eheiiezer  Curtis,  Andrew 
Norton,  Klnathan  Stroufi;,  Joseph  Thompson  Nteel  Smith,  Natlian  Stone,  Joseph  Wait  B<'iijainln  Wail, 
Samuel  (jiridley  Jacoh  (tetchel  Kheiiezer  Horsint;ton,  Simeon  Mills,  Solomon  Knwnons  Joiiatiuni 
Nohle,  Samuel  Whiston,  Joseph  Kln«,  Ehenezer  Heyw'ood,  Arou  IliU'llett  sinee  DeceasM  aixl  som« 
others  to  the  number  of  near  TIdrty  Persons  who  were  uniied  with  sticks  &  who  surrmuided  this 
Deponent  and  alter  pullinR,  sliakiiisi;  and  Twitchint?  this  Deponent  with  the  titmost  Cruelty  fttree.dily 
&  violently  hurried  this  Deponent  uloiij?  with  tliem  with  the  utmost  piecipitation  to  Charlestown  in 
the  Province  of  New  Hampsldre  oliliniiif;  this  Deiionent  to  walk  the  wliole  way  tidther  heinpf 
Twelve  Miles  distant  from  the  siild  Townsliip  of  Chester  tliat  on  the  Road  they  used  this  Deponent 
with  Rrent  Incivility  &  (^ruelty  hy  pulliii!;  Twitehiiig  and  Sliaklnt?  him,  that  tids  Depoiu-nt  remained 
in  the  Custody  of  the  said  Winters  at  (  harlestowii  al!«iesiiid  nhoiit  Twelve  Hours  Iroiii  whence  tliey 
carried  this  Deponent  to  a  place  called  Windsor  in  this  Province  distant  aliout  Twenty  in iks  from 
Charh'Stown  aloresaid  tliat  hy  means  of  tlie  abuses  this  Deponent  Ueceived  as  aforesaid  the  ^reat 
fatigue  he  underwent  &  the  (»rief  and  anxiety  of  mind  &  fear  he  laboured  under,  tlds  Deponent 
felt  himself  much  indisposed  and  Inlreated  that  his  ill  state  of  Health  iidght  excite  Compassion, 
notwithstandlnp;  which  the  said  Rioters  often  tlueatued  tlds  Deponent  &  could  hardly  be  prevailed 
on  to  allow  him  to  retire  to  sleep  altho  he  sUkhI  much  In  need  of  that  Kefreshment — Thut  this 
Deponent  was  not  sutlered  to  write  to  bis  wife  to  (^uiet  her  mind  as  to  the  tlreadful  apprehensions 
she  nuist  have  Entertained  of  what  had  befallen  blm,  nor  to  any  other  of  his  Friends  but  with  the 
utmost  dlfBcuUy  &  first  submitting  to  have  bis  Letters  perused  &  approved  of  by  the  liloters, 
Thut  the  said  Rioters  made  use  of  the  most  shocking  Thi-eats  to  this  Deponent  in  Case  be  should 
attempt  to  Escape,  svvearint;  that  If  this  Deponent  was  anywhere  between  Heaven  &  Hell  he  should 
be  taken  again  That  this  Dejwnent  on  Sunday  the  Teiitii  day  of  June  aforesaid  eflfected  his  Escaj)e 
being  detained  six  days  a  Prisoner  in  the  Hands  of  the  said  Rioters — And  this  Deponent  further 
Deposeth  that  on  arriving  at  Charlestown  aforesaid  tlie  Rioters  in  discourse  said  "we  have  now 
broke  up  the  Court  :  if  we  thought  we  had  not  Elfecte<l  it  we  would  go  back  and  bring  away  one 
of  the  Judges"  (or  to  that  purpose)  and  more  than  once  asked  this  Deponent  whether  be  thought 


Vol.  IV. 


&0 


391 


CONTROVGRSr    RESPECTIKO    THE    5K\V    ilAMPSlIIRE   nRANTS. 


the  Court  would  continue  to  sit,  to  which  this  Deponent  answered  (being  willing  to  prevent  any 
violence  being  otTered  to  any  of  the  Court)  that  he  was  sure  they  would  not  sit  any  longer.  And 
further  this  Deponent  saitli,  that  from  Ciiester  to  Charlestown  the  said  Rioters  were  Ctmimanded 
by  Joseph  Wait  and  from  thence  to  Windsor  by  Nathan  Stoue.    And  further  this  Deponent  saith  not 

John  Grout. 
Sworn  before  me  this  nintli  day  of  August  1770. 

Danl  Horsmanden. 


■i 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  SAMUEL  WELLS. 

City  of  New  York  ss  :  Samuel  Wells  of  Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  Esquire 
one  of  the  Judges  of  tlie  Inferior  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  said  County  came  this  Day  before 
me  and  made  oath  tliat  some  time  lietween  tlie  fourteentli  and  Nineteenth  Days  of  May  last  this 
Dejwnent  on  his  Ret\irn  home  from  a  Journey  called  upon  Colonel  Nathan  Stone  in  Windsor  who 
mounted  his  Horse  and  rode  with  tiiis  Deponent  almost  tlirough  Town,  on  the  Uoad  the  said  Stone 
and  this  Deponent  discoursed  concerning  the  Higli  Sheriff  not  long  belbre  coming  into  Windsor  to 
serve  some  Precepts,  and  his  being  opposed  and  tlireatened,  the  said  Stone  tokl  tliis  Deponent  that 
he  was  determined  that  no  writs  or  Precepts  tliat  Issued  out  of  the  Inferior  Court  or  Courts  of 
General  Sessions  of  t1»e  Peace  for  tlie  said  County  should  be  served  in  Windsor,  or  to  that  purpose  ; 
Tiiat  the  making  a  County  was  a  sham  and  not  a  Reality,  that  tlie  Patent  or  Ordinance  for  erecting 
the  County  was  a  Libel,  as  it  suggested  that  its  being  erected  into  a  Co\nity  was  Petitioned  for, 
whicli  he  said  was  false,  that  it  was  never  Intended  tliat  tliese  Courts  shouhl  Act  in  Trying 
Caiises,  that  tiiere  was  no  Justice  to  lie  obtained  in  the  County  by  means  of  the  Corruption  of  tlio 
Judges  Justices  and  otlier  Officers,  that  they  were  ruled  intirely  by  John  Gro\it  Attorney  at  Law, 
tliat  he  was  determined  to  oi»po.se  tlieir  Authority,  while  he  had  a  Drop  of  Blood  in  his  veins; 
That  friendsliip  to  tliis  Deponent  Induced  him  to  bear  this  Deponent  Company  until  he  liad  passed 
by  most  of  tlie  Settlements  in  Town,  and  Intimated  tiiatif  this  Deponent  slioidd  Ride  alone  tlirough 
Town  he  would  be  in  danger  of  being  Assaulted  by  the  People  and  have  some  violence  done  to  liini  ; 
That  this  Deponent  endeavoured  by  many  arguments  to  Cimvince  the  said  Stone  of  the  danger  of 
opposing  the  Execution  of  the  Laws  and  exhorted  him  to  alter  his  resolution  and  told  liim  tiiat  if  he 
and  tiie  People  would  for  tlie  future  make  no  opjtosition  to  the  free  execution  of  the  Laws  it  would 
be  the  most  likely  methotl  he  and  they  could  take  to  induce  the  Civil  authority  to  pass  over  tlie 
opposition  already  made  in  the  Tenderest  manner  ;  that  if  M""  Grout  or  any  of  the  Justices  or  ollicers 
whom  he  acctised  of  bad  conduct  had  done  anything  wrong  the  Law  provided  a  sufficient  Remedy 
anfl  was  the  only  way  by  which  they  could  be  punished  &  that  this  Deponent  appreliended  lie  had 
not  given  hims«»lf  time  to  consider  as  he  ought  before  he  had  formed  his  Resolutions.  To  which 
the  said  Stone  replied  that  he  had  formed  no  Resolution  about  the  matter  on  a  Sudden,  that  his 
Resi)]iUion  to  oppose  Writts  being  executed  had  been  fixed  at  least  five  or  six  months  before,  and 
that  wldle  he  had  life  he  would  oppose  the  Sherif,  and  that  the  people  of  that  Place  (meanin<^ 
Windsor)  and  some  other  places  would  joine  and  stand  by  him  to  the  last  ilrop  of  their  blood.  That 
some  time  after  tliis  DcponeMt  arrived  at  home,  he  was  informed  by  D<inu7  W/iippfe  Esquire. /liir/i 
S.'terif  of  the  sa'nl  Ciuiiifi/  that  he  with  the  Assistance  of  fifteen  or  Sixteen  men  had  made  an  attempt 
to.  Retake  the  same  Persons  in  Windsor  he  had  before  taken  into  Custody  &  who  liad  Escaped  from 
him  being  Rj^soned  In-  th»'  s;iid  Stone  an<l  others,  and  the  partirulars  of  that  Transaction.     That  on 


CONTROVF.nSY    RF.SPF.CTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE    GRANTS. 


395 


the  Sunday  next  before  the  sitting  of  tlie  Iiiferiour  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  the  Court  of  Gen- 
eral Sessions  of  the  Peace  for  tlie  said  County,  Bildad  Andrews  Esqnire  came  to  this  Deponents  House 
mid  shewed  liim  tlie  Copy  of  a  Letter  wliicli  he  Informed  tliis  Dei)ouent  was  wrote  by  Israel  Curtis 
Ks<iuire  one  of  lus  Majesty's  Jtistices  of  the  Peace  <br  tlie  said  County  resiiling  at  Windsor  to  one 
Webb  residing  in  Westminister  whicli  gave  reason  to  this  Deponent  to  suspect  that  he  the  said  Curtis 
together  with  the  said  Nathan  Stone  and  a  Number  of  others  from  Windsor  Intended  to  assemble  in 
H.  Tumultious  manner  at  Court,  this  Deponent  thereloi-e  as  soon  as  Possible  set  out  for  Chester 
and  on  Ids  way  thither  called  upon  Joseph  Lord  Esquire  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  said  Inleriour 
Court  who  accompanied  this  Deponent,  that  they  both  arrived  at  Chester  the  Evening  before  the 
sitting  of  the  Court  and  communicated  tlie  Copy  of  the  said  Letter  to  Thomas  Chandler  Esquire 
lirst  Judge  of  the  said  Inferiour  Court  and  to  some  Justices  of  the  Peace,  btit  as  the  Copy  aforesaid 
was  not  fully  expressive  of  the  Intention  of  tlie  Tumult  it  was  difficult  for  them  to  determine  what 
measures  to  take — Tliat  on  Tuesday  the  fifth  day  of  June  last  the  Day  appointed  for  the  meeting  of 
the  said  Court,  the  said  Nathan  Stone  together  with  Joseph  Wait,  Beitjamin  Wait,  Israel  Curtis, 
Enoch  Judd,  Joseph  King,  Steel  Smith  and  a  number  of  others  amounting  to  about  thirty  as  this 
Deponent  believes  appeared  at  the  place  where  the  Court  were  to  sit  in  a  Riotous  and  Tumultious 
manner  the  said  Nathan  Stone  being  armed  with  a  sword,  the  said  Joseph  Wait  with  a  Dagger  or 
Hanger  and  the  rest  with  large  stave  or  clubbs  and  as  it  was  feared  by  tlie  Judges  they  designed 
mischiefthe  said  Thomas  Chandler  mildlydemanded  of  the  said  Nathan  Stone  the  i-eason  of  his  being 
tlius  armed  an«l  desired  him  not  to  carry  liis  Sword  into  Court  (or  to  that  purpose)  the  said  Nathan 
Stone  replied  in  a  Low  voice  so  that  the  Deponent  is  not  able  to  say  what  was  his  Answer.  The 
Judges  soon  after  took  their  Seats  and  the  Court  being  regularly  opened  according  to  the  usual  manner, 
the  several  Persons  aforesaid  and  their  Associates  came  into  the  Court  House  with  their  Hatts  on 
and  the  said  Nathan  Stone  and  Joseph  Wait  armed  as  aforesaid  (the  siiid  Stone  currying  his  Sword 
in  his  Hand)  approached  the  Table  before  the  Judges  seat,  while  their  Party,  armed  as  aforesaid, 
stoo<l  at  a  small  distance  in  a  Boily  facing  the  Court.  Then  Stone  demandetl  of  the  Court  wliat 
business  they  had  to  sit  tliere  as  a  Court  and  said  that  he  made  this  Demand  in  behalf  of  the 
Publick,  in  this  he  was  seconded  by  the  said  Joseph  Wjiit  and  tlie  said  Israel  Curtis,  and  were 
answered  by  some  of  the  Judges  that  the  Letters  Patent  or  Ordinance  erecting  the  County  and  the 
Commission  of  the  Pleas  which  were  always  read  at  the  opening  of  the  Court  shewed  their  authority 
and  all  who  wanted  satisfaction  ought  to  have  attended  to  the  reading  of  them,  whereupon  the  said 
Nathan  Stone  Joseph  Wait  and  Israel  Curtis  by  many  Arguments  Denied  the  authority  this  Govern- 
ment had  to  errect  the  said  County  which  the  Court  thought  prudent  to  bear  with,  and  not  to  make 
much  answer  to,  but  gave  them  to  understand  they  should  proceed  to  do  the  business  then  before 
them,  Whereuixin  the  said  Joseph  Wait,  who  stood  Indicted  with  some  others  for  a  Riot,  demanded 
an  Immediate  Tryal, — That  the  Insolent  behaviour  of  the  said  Joseph  Wait,  Nathan  Stone  and 
Israel  Curtis;  and  the  martial  appearance  of  them  and  their  Party  armed  and  Ranged  as  aforesaid 
lieiiig  considered,  the  Court  apprehended  it  not  prudent  that  the  said  Rioters  should  be  then  put  on 
Tryal,  as  the  Court  and  Jury  could  not  be  without  fear  if  they  were  convicted,  nor  safe  to  refuse 
them  a  Tryal  at  that  time,  and  oblige  them  to  enter  into  Recognizance  to  appear  at  the  Next 
Term,  least  they  should  resent  it  by  some  immediate  act  of  violence.  Therefore  the  Court  informed 
them  they  miglit  depart  without  entering  into  any  further  Recognizance — after  which  it  was  moved 
by  the  said  Nathan  Stone,  Joseph  Wait  and  Israel  Curtis  that  John  Grout  an  Attorney  of  the  said 
Court  should  be  disabled  from  practising  representing  him  as  a  bad  man,  Upon  which  tliey  were 
answered  by  the  Court  that  if  M'  Grout  was  a  bad  Man  it  was  unknown  to  the  Court  that  the 
Court  entertained  a  Contrary  opinion  of  him.    However  if  they  kwi  any  thing  to  accuse  him 


!  i 


i:  ' 


396 


COSTHOVEKSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW   HAMPSIIIRK    GRANTS. 


of  tliey  might  apply  to  the  Grand  Jury  and  tlie  Clerk  of  the  Peace  would  assist  in  drawing  any 
necessary  Bill,  or  tiiey  might  apply  to  a  Higher  Court,  That  M'  <irout  if  accused  of  any  offence 
had  a  right  to  a  Tryal,  tliat  tiie  Court  had  not  lawful  authority  to  Comply  witli  tlieir  Request  and 
forejudge  M  Grout  on  a  bare  suggestion  that  he  was  a  bad  ninn  sni)jKirted  by  no  evidence  nor  even 
tlie  particulars  of  his  bad  Conduct  pointed  out.  the  said  Stone  and  Wait  then  Replied  they  were 
not  about  accusing  him  in  such  a  way  as  to  give  him  a  Tryal  neither  were  they  obliged  to  do  it  but 
that  the  Court  njgiit  depend  that  nothing  would  satisfie  Itim  and  tiie  People  (as  he  expressed  liim- 
sell")  but  Grouts  being  immediately  expelled  the  Court  in  sucii  a  manner  as  never  to  have  the  Privi- 
Ie»lge  of  Practising  as  an  Attorney — and  then  directing  ins  Speech  particularly  to  the  first  Judge  said, 
if  it  is  not  done,  We  shall  do  something  which  I  shall  be  sorry  to  he  obliged  to  do  which  will  make 
your  Honour  Repent  not  Com{)lying  witii  our  Request  or  words  to  that  purjiose  he  was  then  intbrmed 
by  the  Court  that  they  would  not  Comply  with  his  Demand  or  Request,  upon  which  the  Party 
armed  witli  Clubbs  as  aforesaid  who  before  stood  facing  the  Court  crowded  nearer  in  a  Riotous 
disorderly  manner  and  shewed  signs  of  a  Resolution  to  carry  their  Point  by  force,  tlie  Court  finding 
it  impossible  to  proceed  to  business  in  tliis  Confusion  and  Tumult  and  to  prevent  any  act  of 
Violence  being  committed  while  they  were  sitting  as  a  Court  Immediately  adjourned  to  the  next 
day,  Soon  after  which  tlie  said  Stone  and  his  Party  seized  the  said  John  Grout  in  presence  of 
some  of  the  Judges  of  tlie  said  Court  and  forceably  carried  him  away,  and  that  the  High  Slierif  of 
the  said  County  at  the  same  time  made  Proclamation  lor  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse  but  to  no 
effect.    And  further  this  Deponent  saith  Mot. 

Saml  Wells. 
Sworn  before  me  this  ninth  Day  of  August  1770. 

.    Danl  Hohsmamden. 


i!  iii 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  COUNCIL 

ON    THE    PRECEDING. 

May  it  please  your  Honor 

In  obedience  to  your  Honor's  Order  in  Council  of  the  14'i'  of  August  last,  we  have  considered 
the  Letter  of  his  Excellency  John  Wentworth  Esq'  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  of  10th  Febr 
referred  to  us,  with  his  Memorial  and  the  Depositions  tiierewith  transmitted ;  and  humbly  beg 
leave  to  report  thereon. 

Tliat  these  Papers  respect  certain  Complaints  against  Samuel  Wells  Esq',  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
inferiour  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  one  of  tlie  Justices  in  tlie  Commission  tor  the  Peace,  in  the  New 
County  of  Cumlierland ;  which  is  Part  of  that  Territory  turmerly  claimed  by  New  Hampshire, 
but  by  his  Majestys  Order  in  piivy  Coiuicil  of  the  20">  of  July  1 704,  declared  to  belong  to  the 
Province  ot  New  York. 

M'  Wells  is  charged  with  Endeavours  to  frustrate  the  arrest  of  certain  Persons  prosecuted  in  the 
vice  Admiralty  Com-t  of  this  Province,  for  cutting  Pine  Timber  in  a  Tract  called  the  Township 
of  Windsor,  granted  imder  New  Hampshire  ;  and  witii  taking  a  Conveyance  of  their  Effects,  pending 
the  suits,  to  prevent  a  Recovery  of  the  Penalty  which  the  offenders  had  incurred. 

He  has  been  informed  of  tliese  accusations,  &  in  Vindication  of  himself  laid  before  us  his  own 
Declarations  upon  Oath  with  the  Depositions  of  William  Dean,  Willard  Dean,  William  Dean  Jun', 


CONTROVKRSY    RESPHCTING    THE    NEW    liAMPSIIIUK    GRANTS. 


3&7 


Ebenezer  Fisher  &  Daniel  Wliipple,  with  Willinin  Dcaiie's  IMll  of  sale,  and  tlie  anUlavit  of  James 
Diiane  Esq',  wlio  was  Proctor  for  the  Defendants  in  the  vice  admiralty  Court. 

Upon  examining  tliese  Papers,  we  cannot  see  sutficient  cause  to  ativise,  eitlier  a  Removal  of  M' 
Wells  from  the  Places  he  liolds,  or  any  Prosecution  against  an  OlHcer,  who  we  are  informed  sustains 
u  fair  Character,  even  in  a  District,  where  there  are  not  wanting  some  Persons,  to  wlioiu,  from  (heir 
attachment  to  tlie  unjustitialMe  Claim  of  tlie  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  &  his  zeal  in  asserting 
the  Right  and  Jurisdiction  of  tliis  Colony,  he  must  be  peculiarly  obnoxious. 

Tlie  Parties  prosecuted  liad  liy  Law  a  Riglit  to  convey  away  their  elfects,  and  M'  Wells's  accept- 
ance of  the  Grant,  with  the  Caution,  and  in  the  circtnnstances  &  for  the  Ends  proved  by  M'  Duane, 
we  cannot  conceive  to  be  in  the  least  Degree  criminal. 

And  if  your  Honor  &  the  Board  of  Council  should  concur  in  this  opinion,  we  humbly  beg  Leave 
to  advise,  that  copies  of  tiie  Depositions  which  we  now  deliver  in  ;  may  be  sent  to  M'  Wcntwortii, 
in  Justification  of  tlie  Conduct  of  this  Government,  and  to  shew  his  Excellency  our  Readiness,  to 
make  diligent  Examination  into  tlie  Matters  of  liis  Complaint. 

With  Respect  to  the  Request  that  the  Lauds  granted  in  the  Township  of  Windsor,  under  the 
seal  of  New  Hampshire,  nui)'  be  declared  to  be  forfeited  for  a  Breach  of  one  of  the  Conditions  in  the 
Patent,  the  Committee  conceive,  that  advantages  of  broken  Conditions  expressed  in  Royal  Grants,  are 
to  be  taken  in  a  legal  course,  by  regular  Prosecutions  against  the  Patentee  ;  and  that  it  would  be 
manifestly  improper  to  order  any  steps  for  that  purpose  in  the  Present  case,  because  we  consider 
the  Grant  which  his  Excellency  refers  to,  as  merely  void  for  want  of  Authority  in  the  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire,  to  issue  Patents  for  Lands  (as  has  been  done  in  many  Instances)  on  the 
West  side  of  Connecticut  River. 

But  when  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees  (who  have  generally  by  tlie  Moderation  of  this  Govern- 
ment been  preferred  to  others)  pray  tor  new  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this  Colony,  we  con- 
ceive that  such  as  have  shewn  a  Disregard  to  the  Terms  under  which  they  settled,  in  articles 
injurious  to  the  Crown,  &  such  also  as  have  been  guilty  of  Infractions  of  the  Laws  for  the  Preserva- 
tion of  Masts  for  the  Royal  Navy,  are  unworthy  of  his  Majesty's  Bounty,  &  that  their  applications 
for  Lands  in  this  Government  ought  to  be  rejected. 

All  which  is  nevertheless  humbly  submitted  this  25">  Day  of  September  1770 — By  order  of  the 
committee 

Wm  Smith  Chairman  of  the  Committee. 

(Endorsed)  The  committee's  Report  on  the  order  of  Referrence  of  the  11"«  of  Aug'  1770  relating 
to  the  accusations  ag'  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  a  Judge  of  y«  Common  Pleas  of 
Cumberland  County.  1770Sex)'29.    Read  &  appproved  of  and  confirmed. 


ADDITIONAL  AFFIDAVITS. 

NewYork  Cumberland  County  ss.  William  Deane  of  full  age  Personally  came  and  appeared  before 
me  Joseph  Lord  Esq'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Superior  Court,  and  one  of  his  Majesties  Justices  of 
the  Peace  for  the  Cotinty  aforesaid  and  being  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  Deposcth  &  saith. 

That  he  being  a  Resident  in  Windsor,  and  having  the  Later  part  of  August  last,  taken  a  journey 
from  there  to  Springfield  in  Massachusetts  Ray,  M'  John  Grout  on  the  fourtli  Day  of  September  last, 
came  to  him  (the  Deponent)  and  Informed  liim,  that  the  Deponents  two  Sons  Willard  &.  William 


I 

pi 


308 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


ii  t. 


Wtfi-e  made  Prisoners  by  one  Benjamin  Wliiting  on  a  Process  that  Issued  out  of  the  Court  of  Vice 
Admiralty  for  the  Province  of  New  York  and  that  lie  said  Wliiting  was  going  to  carry  tiiem  to  the 
City  of  New  York  for  tryal,  Aiid  that  WIdting  has  agreed  to  tarry  at  Hinsdale  with  his  said 
prisoners  untill  Tuesday  noon  :  Tliat  they  were  almost  Destitute  of  money  &  had  hired  liini  to  come 
Si,  Enform  this  Deponent  of  their  Cercumstances.  And  that  unless  this  Deponent  could  reach 
Hinsdale  by  Tuesday  noon,  it  was  likely  his  said  Son's  would  begone,  so  that  this  Deponent  could 
not  see  them,  without  tbllowing  them  to  Albany;  as  said  Grout  told  him  (tlie  Deponent)  That  Wliiting 
had  not  Promised  to  Tarry  at  Hinsdale  longer  than  tuesday  noon:  And  likely  woukl  tlien  set  out 
for  Albany.  (That  the  Inferiour  Court  of  Common  Pleas  was  then  sitting  at  Springtield,  in  which 
Court  the  Deponant  had  a  Cause  then  Depending,  and  was  obliged  to  attend  tiie  Tryal;  which  pre- 
vented the  Deponent  from  arriving  at  Hinsdale  untill  Tuesday  nigiit.  When  Whiting  had  moved 
witii  the  Deponents  said  Sons,  (agreable  to  what  M'  Grout  had  before  told  the  Deponent)  lioiu 
Hinsdale  across  the  woods  toward  Albany  That  on  the  Deponents  arriving  at  Brattleborougli  the 
next  morning  he  saw  Judge  Wells,  and  understanding  by  him,  and  otliers  That  the  Process  issued 
from  the  Court  of  admiralty  aforesaid  was  against  the  Deponent,  as  well  as  against  liis  Sons — Tlie 
Deponent  asked  said  Wells's  advice:  And  he  advised  the  Deponent  to  go  to  the  City  of  New  York, 
Immediately  &  surrender  himself  to  the  Marshal,  &  take  tryal  with  his  said  Sons.  Tiiatontliis 
Morning,  News  came  to  the  Deponent  &  said  Wells,  of  a  Party  of  men  that  had  followed  tiie  said 
Whiting,  &  said  Prisoners,  The  said  Wells  with  M'  Arms  the  then  high  SherilV,  set  out  on  horseback 
to  Disperae  the  People:  And  botli  said  Wells  and  Arms  sliew'd  a  great  Disposition  to  prevent  any 
Violence  &.'  and  appeared  much  concerned  at  hearing  that  tlie  peojde,  in  a  Tumult  liad  followed  as 
atbresaid.  This  Deponent  thinks  he  has  every  reason  to  believe  tliat  said  \\v]\s  was  oflended,  &  even 
Griev'd,  that  the  People  was  assembled  in  that  Tumult,  and  that  the  Zeal  that  the  said  Wells  &  Arms 
shew'd  on  that  occasion,  leaves  no  Doubt  in  the  mind  of  this  Deponent,  but  tliat  they  would  run 
every  risque  to  Disperse  the  People.  The  Deponent  agreable  to  M'  Wells's  advise,  set  out  for  the 
City  of  New  York,  to  surrender  himself  for  tryal :  And  about  thirty  miles  before  he  reached  the 
City,  met  M'  Whiting  Deputy  Marshall  who  turn'd  about,  &  accompanied  the  Deponent  to  the  New 
Goal  in  the  City  where  he  was  committed.  The  Deponent  further  say's.  That  tlie  said  Grout  was  so 
far  from  making  his  journey  to  Springfield  to  arrest  Whiting  and  thereby  help  the  said  Prisoners  to 
escape,  that  he  informed  this  Deponent,  That  Whiting  &  the  said  Prisoners  were  going  another  way 
viz»  across  the  woods  to  albany. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  third  day  of  June  Anno  Domini  1770. 

Joseph  Loro. 


New  York  Cumberland  County  ss.  Daniel  Whipple  Esq'  now  High  Sheriff  of  the  said  County  of 
Cumberland,  pesoiially  came  &  appear'd  before  me  Joseph  l^ord  Esq'  one  ttf  the  Judges  of  the  Infe- 
riour Court  of  Common  Pleas  Ibr  said  County  and  one  of  his  Majestys  Justices  of  peace  lor  said 
County  and  being  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists,  Deposetli  and  sailli.  Tiiat  some  time  the  fore  part 
of  September  last  this  Dejjonent  was  at  the  house  of  John  Arms  Esq'  in  Brattleborough  in  saii^ 
County  in  Company  with  said  Arms,  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  M'  Benjamin  Whiting,  Willard  Dean  & 
William  Dean  jun'  and  understooil,  that  the  said  Whiting  as  Deputy  Marshal  had  the  said  Willard 
Dean  &  William  Dean,  then  in  his  custody,  on  a  Process  that  hsid  Issued  against  them  out  of  the 
Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  of  New  York.  That  by  Whitings  Discourse  it  Seem'd,  lie  was  at  a  loss 
whether  to  carry  the  Prisoners  thro'  a  Part  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  or  thro'  the  Wootls  to  Albany, 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTIKn    TIIR    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


309 


wliei-eupon  said  Wells  told  him,  that  it  whs  his  opinion,  That  he  had  no  right  to  carry  them  thro' 
Massaciiusets,  (tho'  sajs  he  that  would  be  the  best  Rlioad  if  tlie  Law  wonld  justifie  it)  and  advised 
him  said  Wiiiting,  to  go  wi'h  the  Prisioners,  across  the  wood's  in  tlie  Province  of  New  York  to 
Alban}',  &  take  that  Road  to  New  York  WInting  soon  concluded  to  go  that  Way:  Mess"  Wells  &  Arms 
seemed  to  treat  said  Wiiiting  witli  great  respect.  Drank  witli  him  freely  &  Discoursed  merrily,  and 
after  Wiiiting  had  concluded,  not  to  go  with  the  Prisoners  thro'  Massaciiusets  Bay,  M'  Wells  merrily 
said  to  him  liad  you  gone  thro'  that  Province  I  guess  that  Gro\it  woidil  have  arrested  you  on  behalf 
of  your  Prisoners  lor  false  Imprisonment  (or  to  that  puriwse)  a  consiilerable  Discourse  nierrily 
passed  in  this  way  by  M'  Wells  until  Whiting  seem'd  angry  and  Expressed  himself  as  tlio'  he  apjire- 
hended  M'  Wells  had  sent  Grout  into  Massaciiusets  on  that  errand  upon  which  M'  Wells  said,  you 
ought  not  to  think  so  (or  to  that  purpose)  had  that  been  the  case  do  you  think  I  would  have  advised 
you,  not  to  go  that  way:  I  dont  know  that  Grout  is  gone  on  that  buisness,  ibr  I  have  not  seen  him: 
but  I  understand  he  has  gone  that  way,  I't-rhaps  that  may  be  his  business.  After  Whiting  was 
gone  and  a  Number  of  People  in  a  Tumultuous  way,  followed  him,  as  I  was  enfornied,  I  understood 
that  said  Wells  Issued  his  warrant  to  arrest  some  of  them:  and  arrested  them  accordingly:  and  sev- 
eral times  afterwards,  I  heard  him  said  Wells  speak  of  this  Tumult  with  warmth,  and  said  that  he 
apprehended  the  people  in  it  ought  to  be  severely  punished,  and  that  he  would  do  all  in  his  power  to 
see  that  they  was  punished,  or  to  the  same  purpose. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  third  Day  of  June,  Anno  Domini  1770.  Joseph  Lord. 

(Endorsed)    Daniel  Whipple  Esq  Deposition. 


New  York  Cumberland  County  ss.  Ebenezer  Fisher  of  Brattleborough  in  the  county  of  Cumber- 
land and  Province  of  New  York  Personally  Come  and  Apeared  Before  me,  Joseph  Lord  Esq""  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  one  of  His  Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace 
for  said  County,  and  beiii;  Duly  Sworn  Deposeth  &  Saith,  that  on  Saturday  Evening  the  Second 
Day  of  Septeml)er  Last  Past,  this  Deponent  was  at  the  House  of  Samuel  Wells  Esq'  in  the  Town- 
ship of  Biattleborougli  in  said  County  of  Cumberland,  in  Company  with  one  Benjamin  Whiting  and 
said  Sam"  Wells,  said  Whiting  Told  said  Wells  that  he  (said  Whiting)  had  Two  Prisoners  at  Hinsdale" 
(viz)  William  and  Willard  Dean,  wliich  he  was  going  to  Carry  to  New  York  By  vertue  of  writs 
from  the  Court  of  vice  Admiralty  of  New  York,  said  Wells  asked  said  Whiting  if  he  was  agoing 
to  Carry  Them  Down  the  River  through  the  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut  Governments,  To 
which  said  Whiting  answereil  that  he  Did  not  know  but  he  should,  for  he  understood  there  was 
Provision  made  for  Officers  of  the  Neighboring  Governments  to  carry  tiieir  Prisoners  through  them 
Governments,  by  acts  of  Assembly  (or  To  tliat  Purpose) — said  Wells  Told  him  he  Did  not  Recollect 
any  such  Act,  and  believed  that  there  was  none,  unless  it  was  made  very  Lately — however  (said 
Wells  to  him)  if  there  is  such  an  Act  it  will  be  much  easier  to  go  that  way — But  you  had  Better  be 
sure  of  it  before  you  go.  Said  Wells  furtiier  Told  him  he  could  cross  the  woods  without  any  Great 
Difficulty,  if  he  got  a  Pilot  Part  of  the  way — said  W^hiting  was  very  urgent  to  have  said  Wells  meet 
him  at  Hindsdale  on  monday  morning  the  next. 

This  Deponent  was  at  Hindsdale  on  the  Monday  next  following  said  Second  Day  of  September  Said 
WVlls,  Whiting,  &  his  two  assistants  Benjamin  Wait  and  one  Rosebrook — Present,  Likewise  the  two 
Prisoners  above  mentioned,  and  heard  said  Wells  &  Whiting,  Discourse  in  substance  the  same  as 
above,  with  Regard  to  Carrying  said  Prisoners  thro'  said  Governments  or  a  Cross  the  woods. 

Sworn  tills  ninth  Day  of  July  A.  D.  1770  before  me.  Ebenezeh  Fisher. 

.TosEPH  Lord. 


I 


400 


CONTHUVKHSY    BESPKCTINC4   THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


New  York  Cuinberluiul  Ci)unty.  Wili-ard  Dkan  of  full  nge  personnlly  came  anil  appeared  before 
me  tlie  Subscriber  Oliver  Willurd  Esq.  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  tiie  Peace  in  S"!  County  and 
one  of  the  Assistant  Judges. 

And  being  sworn  on  tiie  lioly  Evangelists  Deposeth  &  saitli,  that  he,  being  a  Kesident  in  Windsor 
in  the  same  County  was  about  the  twenty  Nintli  Day  of  August  last  made  prisoner  by  one  Jk'iiji* 
Wluting  on  a  Process  tliat  issued  out  of  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty,  &  having  been  kept  by  SJ 
Wliiting  and  others  he  liad  given  tlie  care  of  the  Deponent  to,  with  great  severity.  Viz.  Guarded 
witii  loaded  Pistols,  Clubs,  &c.  And  threatened  to  be  sliot,  beat,  &•'  tiie  S*"  Wliiting  sent  the  Di-jio- 
nent,  and  his  Brother  William  (then  a  Prisoner)  under  tiie  care  of  one  Beiij"  Wait,  &  Janus  Uose- 
brook,  from  Windsor,  to  Hinsdale,  that  passing  tliro'  Westminister,  wliere  tlie  Depot  Jiis  S''  Brother 
&  their  S^  keepers  liuiged.  Viz.  at  M'  llanneys  :  we  there  ibund  M'  John  Grout  Attorney  at  I^aw, 
and  this  Deponent  &  Iiis  S"*  Brother  tokl  him  the  usage  they  had  met  witli  &  the  Terrors  tliey  hud 
been  kept  under  by  S""  Whiting,  Wait  and  Rosebrook  &"=  M'  Grout  thou  enquired  of  S^  Wait,  & 
Rosebrook,  the  reason  of  their  using  the  Deponant  &  his  S''  Brother  with  such  Severities,  &  whether 
they  had  unduly  behaved,  and  being  answered  by  S^  Wait,  that  the  Prisoners  had  beliaved  in  no 
way  unbecoming,  had  shewn  no  Disposition  to  Escape,  he  then  toldS''  Wait  &  Rosebrook,  tliat  it  was 
his  opinion,  that  Prisoners  in  Custody,  wlio,  during  their  being  in  Custody  had  continued  to  beliave 
well,  &  to  be  submissive  to  their  keepers,  ought  not  to  be  carried  under  the  Terror  of  fire  Arms,  nor 
be  threatened  with  beating  &  that  he  thought  M'  Whiting  was  much  in  fault,  for  Ordering,  & 
suffering,  tlie  Prisoners  to  be  under  these  Circumstances  used  in  tliat  manner,  M'  Grout  then  asked 
the  Deponent,  &  his  S<'  Brother,  whether  they  would  promise  not  to  make  any  Escape,  to  which 
they  answered  in  the  Affirmative.  M'  Grout  then  advised  Said  Wait  &  Roselnook,  to  unload  their 
Pistols,  and  to  treat  tlie  prisoners  with  Tenderness  &  kindness,  and  liutiiermore  told  the  prisoners 
both,  in  hearing  of  Wait,  and  Rosebrook,  as  well  as  out  of  their  hearing  by  all  means  to  be  Submissive 
to  their  S'  keepers,  &  that  the  escaping  from  them  would  be  no  advantage,  but  a  great  Disadvantage 
to  the  deponant,  &  his  S''  Brother,  &  that  after  the  S**  Grout  had  discoursed  in  tliis  manner,  witli  S"! 
prisoners,  &  S«i  keepers,  tliey  unloaded  the  Pistols.  The  Dejionant  &  his  S''  Brother,  having  but  u 
Ijttle  Money  &  their  Father  being  at  Springfield,  they  persuaded  the  S'l  Grout  to  ride  to  him,  &  give 
him  notice  of  their  circumstances,  &  if  possible  procure  some  Money  of  him,  to  carry  along  with 
them  to  New  York  :  tlie  S'  Grout  went  from  Westminister  on  that  Journey,  and  at  Hinsdale  again 
met  the  Prisoners,  &  M''  Whiting  on  Smiday  Morning. 

M""  Whiting  informed  the  s'l  Grout  that  he  intended  to  set  out  with  the  Prisoners  by  Tuesday  Xoon, 
across  the  Woods,  to  Albany.  M'  Grout  informed  Whiting  of  his  Business  to  Springfield  &  desired 
him  to  tarry  'till  he  came  back,  even  tho'  it  should  be  until  Tuesday  Night.  M'  Grout  left  the 
prisoners,  &  Whiting  to  imisue  the  said  Journey  to  Springfield,  on  Sunday  Morning.  Whiting  with 
the  Prisoners  set  out  on  Tuesday  after  Noon,  and  before  Grouts  return.  That  after  Grouts  de- 
parture, viz;  on  the  fourth  of  Septem''  Sam'  Wells  &  John  Arms  Esq'  came  to  the  House  where 
this  Deponent,  bis  s^  Brother,  &  Whiting  were  after  some  Civilities  had  passed  between  S''  Wells,  & 
Whiting  as  usual  on  the  Meeting  of  Gentlemen,  M'  Whiting  desired  s'l  Wells  to  tarry  there  until 
lie  went  across  the  River,  to  speak  witli  one  Jones,  M'  Wells  tarried  accordingly,  &  on  Whitings 
return  some  Conversation  between  them  was  had,  by  which  it  appeared  by  what  Whiting  said,  that 
he  had  some  tlio'ts  of  carrying  the  s''  Prisoners  to  New  York  thro'  a  part  of  Massachusetts  I5ay.- 
M'  Wells  told  hitn  that  (in  his  oi)iiiion)  he  had  no  Right  to  go  with  the  said  Prisoners  thro'  that 
Province  &  on  Discoursing  with  Benjamin  Wait,  one  of  Whitings  Assistants,  M'^  Wells  expressed 
himself  in  the  same  manner.  Representing  it  as  his  opinion  that  Whiting  had  no  Rie,ht  to  take  s'l 
Prisoners  across  the  Massechusetts  (tho  sa3s  he)  if  the  T-aw  would  Justify  it,  it  would  be  much  tho 


m 


CONTftOVERilv    <llisi>ecTIN6   tHt  NCW   HAMPStllRC  ORANTli. 


16) 


best  Road,  &  easyest  Way,  he  advised  M'  Whiting  if  he  went  across  the  woods  in  New  York  Govern- 
ment, to  Albany,  to  get  one  Stockwcll  us  a  Pilate,  who  he  s''  he  believed  knew  the  way,  at  tliis 
Time,  and  at  another  time,  viz,  when  the  Deponent  was  going  witli  s*'  Whiting,  across  to  Albany,  s'' 
Wells  Si.  Arms,  at  Anus's  house.  Treated  s^  Whiting,  his  assistants,  &  the  Prisoners,  with  Liquors  &« 
&  all  were  very  cheerful,  M'  Wells  merrily  said  had  you  gone  witli  the  Prisoners  thro'  Massechusetts, 
I  guess  Grout  would  luive  arrested  you,  this  Depo'  heard  M  Wells  merrily  say  so  anotlier  Time,  M' 
Wiiiting  seemed  to  resent  this.  M'  Wells  tiiereupon  s''  he  did  not  know  tliat  he  meaning  Grout 
would  do  so  for  he  had  not  seen  liim  before  he  went  down  &  only  had  heard  he  had  gone  down  tlie 
River,  perhaps  tliat  may  be  his  Business,  surely  (sHys  \w)  If  I  had  desired  tliat  such  a  Tiling  should 
be  done,  I  sliould  not  advised  you,  not  to  go  timt  way,  (or  to  tliat  purpose)  This  deponent  further 
says  that  he  has  not  the  least  reascm  to  believe,  that  any  such  thing  was  intended  by  s">  Wells,  As 
Grout  he  is  sure  knew  before  he  left  Whiting,  and  the  Prisoners,  at  Hinsdale,  that  Whiting  intended 
not  to  go  thro':  the  Massechusetts  Bay,  but  across  the  Woods  to  Albany.  This  Depo*  further  says, 
that  s"!  Wells  advised  him,  &  his  s""  Brother,  to  go  with  Wiiiting,  &  be  obedient  to  him  &  not  to 
Attempt  any  Escape,  that  the  doing  it  would  be  greatly  to  the  Prisoners  Disadvantage,  &  never  s"* 
any  tiling  Contrary  to  the  Deponent  or  to  any  other  Person  as  he  knows  of,  that  as  to  a  Number  of 
People  following  Whiting,  &  others  this  Deponent,  had  not  tlie  least  expectation  of  such  a  thing 
and  cannot  guess  what  moved  the  people  to  it  unless  it  was  this,  that  when  Whiting  moved  ofl*  with 
the  Deponent  &  his  said  Brother  he  rode  on  Horseback,  &  the  Prisoners  went  on  Foot,  they  did  not 
Travel  so  fast  as  he  inclined  to  ride,  upon  which  he  told  this  Deponent,  &  his  s**  Brother,  that  unless 
they  traveled  faster  he  would  tie  them  together  with  Ropes  or  Straps,  and  throw  tliem  across  his 
Horse,  and  carry  them  that  way,  or  tie  them  to  the  Tail  of  his  Horse.  Wliat  makes  tliis  deponent 
believe  these  threats  Occasioned  the  people  to  Assemble,  and  follow  as  afores''  is  this,  tiiat  when 
they  came  to  M'  Stockwell,  where  Whiting  &  the  Prisoners  lodged,  &  found  the  Prisoners  had  not 
been  used  in  the  Manner  threatned  as  afores"!  they  committed  no  Violences. 

WiLLABD  Dean. 
Sworn  before  me  this  IV**  day  if  July  1770. 

Ol»    WlLLAi-.^. 

County  of  Cumberland  ss:  William  Dean  Brother  to  the  above  Willard  Dean  Being  duly  Sworn, 
did  depose  and  say,  after  Reeding  the  aforegoing  deposition,  that  he  knows  the  contents  thereof  to  be 
just  and  true. 

William  Dean  Jun'. 
Sworn  before  me  the  ll'h  day  of  July  1770. 

Ol«  Willard. 


i 


City  of  New  York  ss.  Samuel  Wells  of  the  Township  of  Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cum- 
berland and  Province  of  New  York  Esq""  being  duly  sworn  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty 
God  deposeth  and  saith  that  on  tlie  Second  Day  of  September  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  sixty  nine  Benjamin  Whiting  Esq''  came  to  his  House  and  told  him  he  was  going 
to  Doctor  Wells's  and  about  an  hour  and  an  half  or  two  Hours  after  returned  with  Ebenezer  Fisher 
who  he  said  was  his  Prisoner  and  that  Willard  and  William '  Deane  were  likewise  liis  Prisoners  at 
Hinsdale  and  that  he  had  taken  them  all  on  Process  from  the  Court  of  Vice  Admiralty  in  New 
York  aforesaid  for  cutting  down  White  Pine  Trees.  That  this  Deponent  then  asked  the  said  Benja- 
min Whiting  which  Way  he  intended  to  carry  them  whether  thro'  the  Governments  of  Massachusetts 
Vol..  IV.  61 


I 
f 


408 


CONTROTEMy    RUPECTIKO   THC  MEW   HAMMHIRE   ORAKTI. 


1]^ 


».!' 


I  I   l.-j 


Bay  and  Connecticut  or  thro'  the  Woods  to  Albany  the  Reason  of  which  Question  was  that  Hlndfidiile 
wliere  the  said  Prisoners  then  were  lies  sevorall  miles  below  the  Rood  leadin:^  to  Albany  That  the 
said  Benjamin  then  made  answer  tiiat  ho  was  undetermined  wiiirh  Avay  he  shonhl  go  for  tliat  Mr. 
Jones  and  Mr.  Grout  had  told  him  that  by  the  Laws  of  the  Massachusetts  n  Provision  was  made  for 
Officers  of  the  other  Qovoi-nments  to  carry  Prisoners  thro'  tlielr  Jurisdiction  if  needful.  That  tliis 
Deponent  tlien  replied  he  knew  of  no  such  Law  that  If  there  was  any  sucii  It  would  be  much  the 
easiest  Way  but  advised  him  to  bo  certain  of  It  before  he  went  that  going  thro'  the  Woods  to  Al!)any 
would  be  attended  with  great  Difficulty  and  put  him  to  the  Expence  of  u  Guide  for  Part  of  tlie 
Way  and  this  Deponent  further  saith  tliat  upon  asking  the  said  Benjandn  Widting  what  Ground 
there  was  for  a  Process  against  the  said  El^enezer  Fisher  he  answered  that  Mr.  Jones  as  he  understood 
had  informed  against  him  to  Governor  Wentworth  and  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher  then  said  he  had 
cut  no  white  Pine  Trees  except  such  as  has  been  blown  down  and  laid  rotting  Ibr  several  years  that 
this  Deponent  then  told  the  said  Benjandn  Widting  he  believed  what  the  Prisoner  said  was  ti  ue  for 
he  this  Deponent  knew  ot  his  cutting  such  Logs  but  verily  believed  he  had  cut  no  other  tlian  suoh 
as  he  never  brought  them  to  his  the  De))onents  Mill  and  that  if  he  had  tresspassed  in  no  other 
manner  the  Information  against  him  by  Mr.  Jones  on  which  he  was  prosecuted  apjieaied  to  this 
Deponent  to  be  malicious  and  vexatious  Tliat  tins  Deponent  then  asked  the  said  Benjandn  Wliiling 
whether  he  had  Power  to  release  tlie  said  Ebenezer  Fisher  if  he  could  be  satisfied  he  had  cut  no 
Timber  fit  for  his  Majesty's  Navy  tipou  widcli  tlie  said  Benjamin  Whiting  replied  he  believed  tliat  M"^ 
Jones  had  such  Power  and  desired  this  Deponent  to  meet  hiru  and  M'  Jones  at  M'  Tntes  at 
HIndsdale  aforesaid  on  Monday  tlien  next  and  tiiis  Deponent  further  saith  tliat  he  asked  the  said 
Benjamin  Whiting  whether  he  had  any  Process  for  Witnesses  and  wlio  the  Witnesses  were  and  that 
the  said  Benjandn  answered  and  said  that  he  had  with  him  Subptenas  but  tliat  there  were  Blanks 
for  the  names  whicli  he  was  to  fill  up  with  such  as  he  found  capable  of  proving  what  was  alledged 
against  the  Prisoners,  and  tlien  serve  tliem  Tliat  this  Deponent  tlien  enquired  wliether  he  had  any 
Directions  to  give  the  Witnesses  money  for  defraying  the  Expense  of  their  Journey  and  tliat  tlie  said 
Benjamin  said  he  should  give  to  each  of  them  two  or  three  shillings  Upon  which  this  Deponent 
observed  thai  if  the  Witnesses  liappened  to  be  poor  they  could  not  possibly  go  that  Journey  w  ilh  so 
small  a  sum  tlie  said  Benjamin  tlien  replied  that  the  Siibpcenas  required  their  attendance  under  tl.e 
Penalty  of  one  hundred  pounds  that  this  D«'ponent  tlien  look'd  into  Jacobs  Law  Dictionary  and  iouiid 
under  the  Title  SiibpcEiias  that  the  penalty  was  Inserted  only  in  Terrorem  anil  the  whole  was  not 
recoverable  which  he  read  to  the  said  Binjainin  Whiting  but  never  imagined  either  that  or  any  thing 
else  he  had  said  or  done  would  be  cliarged  upon  him  as  a  crime  or  Misdemeanor  since  his  Intentions 
were  entirely  innocent  and  the  whole  conversation  that  passed  in  substance  as  aforesaid  was  the 
mere  Effect  of  Curiosity  and  l()r  bare  Information — And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  on  Monday 
the  fourth  of  September  according  to  M'  Whitings  Desire  he  met  him  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting 
and  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher  at  Hindsdale  aforesaid  but  that  M""  Jones  was  not  there  that  the  said 
Benjamin  Whiting  desired  this  Deponent  to  tarry  there  till  he  and  Major  Anns  went  across  the  River 
to  Mf  Jones  that  tliis  Deponent  waited  accordingly  and  upon  his  the  said  Whitings  Return  he  told 
this  Deponent  that  M^  Jones  had  directed  him  to  release  the  said  Ebenezer  Fisher  and  he  did  then 
release  him  accordingly  and  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  they  the  said  Benjandn  Whiting  and 
this  Deponent  then  had  a  further  conversation  relative  to  the  Road  he  intended  (o  take  to  New  York 
of  the  same  purport  with  that  above  In  substance  related  and  the  said  Benjandn  Whiting  then" 
informed  this  Deponent  that  M'  Grout  was  gone  into  Massachusetts  to  inform  Capt"  Dean,  Father  of 
the  said  William  &  Willard  Dean  of  what  had  happened  upon  which  this  De;ponent  replied  that  If 


OOMTROVERSV    kKSPECTINO    THC   MW    HAMMHIRE   OKAMTS. 


408 


that  WII9  tlie  Cflse  M'  Grout  wouUI  probably  cause  liim  to  be  urrested  if  he  trnvelled  with  liis  Prisoners 
tliat  Way  J]iit  the  Depuiii'iit  ik'iiles  he  ever  liiiew  tlmt  M'  Grout  was  gone  lielore  that  Time  and  tliis 
Deponent  lurther  saitli  that  on  tlie  next  Day  being  Tuesday  the  tilth  J)ay  of  Sej)teniber  aforesaid  in 
tlie  ul'ternooM  tlie  said  lienjaniiu  Wliiting  witli  two  of  liis  Assistants  Wait  &  Hosebrook  and  tlie  said 
Willard  and  Williuni  Dean  Ids  Prisoners  came  to  u  Saw  Mill  Ijelonging  to  this  Deponent  adjoining  to 
the  high  Road  on  tlieir  Journey  to  Albany  that  the  said  Major  Arms  wlio  was  tlien  at  tids  Deponents 
said  Mill  gave  the  said  fienjundn  Whiting  and  those  with  him  an  Invitation  to  stop  at  his  House  on 
their  Way  and  take  some  Itefreslimtnt  which  they  accepted  of  that  therenjKjn  they  all  went  together 
to  the  House  of  the  said  Major  Arms  who  provided  u  Dinner  for  the  said  lienjundn  Whiting  ami  those 
who  were  with  him  That  this  Deponent  sent  t«)  His  the  said  Deponents  House  tor  Hum  and  having 
made  some  Liquor  they  all  drank  and  conversed  freely  togetlier  Tlmt  during  their  Stay  there  this 
Deponent  at  the  Request  of  the  said  Benjamin  WIdting  advised  the  Prisoners  as  they  had  but  little 
money  with  them,  to  give  M*^  Whiting  un  Obligation  under  their  Hands  li)r  the  Re])ayment  of  what 
he  should  layout  in  tiieir  Expenses  upon  the  Road  and  they  agreeing  to  such  his  Proposal  he  drew 
the  said  Obligation  and  they  executed  it  accordingly  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  having 
drank  freely  and  sociably  together  for  some  time  he  told  the  said  Benjamin  WIdting  in  u  Jesting 
Way  that  if  he  had  gone  thro'  Massachusets  Grout  would  have  arrested  him  and  the  Prisoners  would 
have  been  at  Liberty  and  others  of  the  Company  bantered  him  in  the  same  maimer  upon  which  lie 
the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  grew  angry  and  intimated  that  this  Deponent  had  sent  Grout  on  that 
Errand  Upon  which  the  said  Deponent  told  him  he  was  so  far  from  designing  any  thing  of  that 
Kind  that  he  never  knew  M'  Grout  was  gone  thither  till  he  the  said  Benjamin  WIdting  informed 
him  of  it.  Nor  did  he  know  M'  Grouts  Business  there  but  barely  suspected  that  tlmt  might  be  it. 
And  that  he  the  said  Benjamin  did  not  do  well  in  suspecting  the  Deponent  had  sent  M'  Grout  on 
such  an  Errand  since  he  the  Deponent  had  all  along  told  him  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  that  he 
apprehended  that  he  had  no  legal  Right  to  go  with  Prisoners  that  way  that  the  said  Benjamin  seemed 
thereupon  satisfied  and  requested  this  Deponent  to  accompany  him  two  or  three  miles  and  shew 
him  the  Road  to  Albany  and  upon  his  Request  and  to  oblige  him  the  said  Benjamin  the  deponent 
complied.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  while  upon  the  Road  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting 
complained  to  this  Deponent  that  the  Prisoners  did  not  walk  fast  enough  upon  which  the  Deponent 
advised  them  to  make  as  much  Haste  as  they  could  and  be  o>edient  to  the  commands  of  the  said 
Benjamin  Wliiting  and  they  would  fare  the  better  for  it  and  more  particularly  gave  them  a  strict 
charge  not  to  attempt  an  escape  by  any  means  whatsoever  all  which  they  promised  this  Deponent  in 
the  said  Benjamins  Hearing  to  observe  and  that  before  they  parted  the  said  Benjamin  informed  tliis 
Deponent  that  his  the  Deponents  advice  had  made  tii  j  Prisoners  walk  a  great  deal  faster  and 
thanked  the  Deponent  for  all  the  favors  he  had  shown  t( '  him  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that 
early  on  the  morning  of  the  next  Day  he  was  surprized  by  a  message  from  the  said  Major  Arms  then 
high  Sheriff  of  the  County  aforesaid  informing  him  that  a  number  of  People  had  followed  the  said 
Benjamin  Whiting  in  a  tumultuous  manner  That  thereupon  the  Deponent  immediately  got  out  of 
Bed  mounted  his  Horse  and  taking  the  said  Sheriff  along  with  him  went  to  the  Place  where  the  said 
Benjamin  Whiting  had  lodged  that  night  when  he  was  informed  that  the  People  had  dispersed 
without  doing  any  mischief  upon  which  he  returned  Home  that  receiving  Information  of  three  per- 
sons principally  concerned  in  raising  the  said  Tumult  he  issued  his  warrant  against  them  that  two 
of  them  were  apprehended  and  brought  before  him  and  that  he  bound  them  by  Recognizance  to 
appear  at  the  next  general  Sessions  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  the  next  Day  after  the  De- 
parture of  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  Captain  Dean  Father  of  the  aforesaid  William  and  Willard 
Dean  against  whom  as  the  said  Benjamin  Whiting  told  this  Deponent  Process  bad  also  issued  from 


ii 


404 


CONTKOVERSV    IIUPKCTING    TIIC   NEW    IIAMraillllC    GRANTS. 


I 


tlie  said  court  of  vice  Admiralty  came  to  Brattleboroiigli  tliat  the  Dvjmnent  advised  hiiii  to  go  to 
New  Yurie  and  siirrfiul(>r  liliiiselt'  for  Trial  wliich  lie  promised  lie  would  do  and  did  go  wltli  that 
Intent  but  was  taken  un  liin  Way  by  tlie  said  Benjamin  Whiting  as  this  Deponent  has  been  informed 
and  believes  to  be  true  and  further  tids  Deponent  laith  not. 

Sam.  Wkllh. 
Sworn  this  twentieth  Day  of  August  ) 

In  the  year  of  our  Lord  177U  Before  me  \ 

Dan  Horsmandcn. 


m 

m  t 


^ 


'^* 


City  of  New  York  ss:  James  Di'ane  of  the  City  of  New  York  Esq'  being  duly  sworn  by  the 
direction  of  his  Honour  the  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Council  DeiK>getli  and  saith  That  in  the 
month  of  October  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty  nine  he  was 
n['plif(i  to  by  William  Dean  and  his  sons  Willard  and  William  Deano  whom  he  understood  to  be 
InluiMtaiit!)  of  Windsor  in  t!ie  Coiiufy  of  Cumberland  to  defend  tliem  on  an  Inl<)rmation  in  the 
Court  of  vice  Admiralty  of  tliis  Province  at  tlie  suit  of  his  Excellency  John  Wentworth  Esq' 
Surveyor  of  the  King's  woods  in  America  lor  destroying  Pine  Trees  on  which  tliey  were  tlien  confined 
in  tlie  common  Goal  of  tlie  C^y  of  New  York  Tiiat  the  Deponent  believing  from  tlieir  Uepresenta- 
tions  and  several  Depositions  they  laid  before  him  that  it  was  a  hard  Prosecution  undertook  their 
Defence  Tliat  Tlie  Deponent  being  of  opinion  that  by  Law  they  could  not  on  such  a  Prosecution 
be  held  to  Bail  moved  that  they  should  be  discliarged  on  entring  tlieir  appearance  but  they  were 
ordered  by  the  court  to  be  held  to  Bail  in  u  large  sum  for  wnit  of  which  they  remained  in  close 
custody  That  after  some  time  they  complained  that  the  little  money  they  had  brought  down  with 
them  and  received  from  the  sale  of  their  Horses  was  expended  and  that  they  had  no  means  pur- 
chasing the  necessaries  to  support  Life  und  desired  tliis  Deponent  to  intercede  with  the  Judge  to 
direct  them  an  allowance  of  Bread  and  Water  which  they  Represented  they  were  entitled  to  as 
Prisoners  at  the  suite  of  the  Crown  Tiiat  the  Deponent  accordingly  mentioned  tlieir  Request  to  the 
Judge  who  declared  he  had  no  power  to  direct  such  Provision  That  some  time  afterwards  This 
Deponent  was  informed  Tliat  the  said  William  Deane  the  Father  was  in  Treaty  with  Samuel  Wells 
Esci'  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  tor  a  sale 
of  his  the  said  William  Dean's  Effects  on  his  Farm  at  Windsor  aforesaid  in  order  to  raise  money 
therefrom  for  the  sui)port  of  himself  and  his  sons  in  their  Confinement.  That  this  Deponant  is 
not  certain  whether  the  sale  so  intended  was  first  mentioned  to  him  by  William  Deane  or  M' 
Wells  but  this  Deponent  well  rememl)ers  that  M'  Wells  advised  with  him  on  the  measure  and  that 
this  Deponent  approved  ot  it  as  legal  in  itself  and  as  an  act  of  Humanity  towards  Deane  and  his 
children  whom  he  considered  as  in  the  greatest  distress  und  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  to 
prevent  any  misinterpretation  that  might  be  made  of  the  said  intended  sale  to  the  Disadvantage 
of  M'  Wells  he  advised  that  the  Judge  of  the  admiralty  sliould  be  informed  of  the  said  intended 
sale  befijre  the  same  should  be  carried  into  Execution  That  this  Deponent  waited  upon  the  Judge 
of  the  Admiralty  with  M^  Wells  as  he  believes  and  informed  him,  thereof  accordingly  and  that  it 
was  the  only  means  which  the  Deponent  could  think  of  to  prevent  the  said  William  Dean  and  his 
sons  from  suffering  or  perishing  for  want  of  sustenance  or  something  to  that  effect  That  to  the  best 
of  this  Deponents  Remembpraiice  the  Judge  of  tiie  Admiralty  made  no  objection  nor  shewed  the 
least  dislike  thereto.  And  this  Deponent  saith  That  the  transfer  to  M'  Well's  of  the  effects  of  the 
said  William  Deane  was  drawn  by  one  of  the  Deponents  clerks  and  that  he  verily  believes  from 


I 


CONTROVKRBY    RMPECTINO    THE    HtV    IIAMPIIIIRR   GRANT!. 


405 


wlmt  passed  at  that  time  and  tnmi  the  Ik>1uivlour  and  Conversation  of  M'  Wells  tlint  It  was  an  Act 

ut'  Benevolence  and  Humanity  in  M'  Wells  to  Deane  and  Ills  two  sont  without  which  this  Dciionent 

verily  believes  they  must  have  sutVered  greatly  unless  they  liail  been  relieved  l>y  Charity  us  tliey 

appeared  to  this  Deponent  to  be  strangers  and  Friendless  in  tills  City  and  Airther  this  Deponent 

Bulth  nut. 

Jah  Di  ank. 
Sworn  the  28"'  day  of  September  ) 
Anno  Dom:  1770  liefure  me.      \ 

(Endorsed)     Deposition  of  James  Duanc  respecting  the  Couiiihiint  of  Oovernour  Wentworlh's 
against  Judge  Wi-lls. 


PKOCLAMATION  FOR  APPKEHENDING  CERTAIN  RIOTERS. 

By  his  Excellency  the  Right  Honoiu-able  John,  Eaiil  ok  Di  nmohf.,  Captain  General  and 
Governor  in  Chief,  in  and  over  the  Pnjvliire  of  New-York,  and  the  Territories 
depending  thereon  In  Ameriou,  Chancellor,  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same 


A  PUOCLAMA'IKJN. 
Whereas  in  pursuance  of  An  Act  of  tin-  Lctjislalure  of  this  Province,  entitled  ./?/»  Jkt  for  the  mere 
effectual  collecting  his  J\liijesty\i  Quit-Rviits  in  the  Colony  of  jYew-York,  and  for  Partition  of  Landi  in 
order  thereto;  Commissioners  and  a  Surveyor  were  appointed  to  make  Partition  of  certain  Lots, 
Parcel  of  a  larger  Tract  of  Land,  situate  on  tlie  East  Side  ul'  Hudson'' s  River,  in  the  Comity  of  JJlbany,  , 
called  Wallumschaackf  granted  to  James  De  Lancey,  Gerardus  Sluyvesant,  Esquires,  and  others,  by 
Letters  Patent  under  tlie  Great  Seal  of  tlie  said  Province,  bearing  Date  the  fifteenth  Day  of  July, 
One  tlioiisand  seven  hundred  and  tliirty  nine:  And  the  said  Commissioners  in  the  Execution  of 
their  Duty,  being  employed  in  surveying  the  said  Lots,  were  on  tlie  nineteenth  Day  of  October,  One 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty  nine,  interrupted  and  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  Men,  tumul- 
tuously  and  riotously  assembled  Idr  tlie  declared  Purpose  of  preventing  the  said  Partition,  wlio  by 
open  Force  compelled  the  Surveyor  to  ilesist  Irom  the  said  Survey,  and  by  insults  and  Menaces,  so 
intimidated  the  Conmiissioners  as  to  oblige  them  to  relinquish  at  that  Time,  any  furtlier  Attempt 
to  discharge  the  Trust  reposed  in  tliem:  And  whereas  the  Proprietors  of  the  said  Patent,  and  other 
Lands  held  in  Virtue  of  the  Grants  of  this  Province,  finding  Claims  against  their  Right,  set  up 
under  the  Government  of  JVew-Hampn/iire,  did  cause  divers  Ejectments  to  be  brought  for  Tryal  of 
the  Title  to  tlie  said  Lands,  and  at  tlic  Circuit  Court  held  for  tlie  City  .ind  County  of  Mbany,  in 
June  last,  obtained  three  several  Verdicts  by  special  Juries;  from  whence  it  was  hoped  that  the 
riotous  Spirit  would  subside,  which  liad  so  long  prevailed,  to  the  great  Injury  of  that  Part  of  the 
Country :  Whereupon  the  Owners  of  the  said  Patent  of  Wallumschaack,  directed  the  Commissioners 
to  resume  and  complete  the  Partition  aforesaid  ;  who  on  the  twenty  sixth  Day  of  September  now  last 
past,  in  the  Execution  of  the  said  Trust,  were  again  opposed  and  prevented  from  effecting  the 
said  Partition,  by  a  riotous  and  tnmnltuous  Body  of  Men,  openly  avowing,  in  Opposition  to  tlie  Title 
and  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province,  that  those  Lands  were  held  by  them  imder  J^av- Hampshire;  and 
Information  being  given  me,  that  such  repeated  Acts  of  Violence  have  chiefly  arisen  from  an 
Expectation  tliat  his  Majesty's  Royal  Decision  in  Privy  Council  of  tlie  twentieth  day  oi  July,  17C4, 


400 


COMTkOVKMY    ■UrcCTINO   THE   MEW   lUMnMIKE  ORAMT*. 


whereby  the  western  Bunks  of  Connecticut  Itiver,  are  udjiulgfd  to  Im)  tlie  lioiindury  between  the  two 
I'roviuiTS, — wouKl  be  ri'sclmlctl,  und  t\w  Lands  on  tho  \Vi'!«t  Side  of  llial  HIvcr,  b«  uiincxfd  to 
A\w-Hiimpshire.  To  prevent  the  Disorders  tliut  might  bu  occusioned  iiy  so  ^roun<iless  ti  Delusion,  I 
have  thought  ]ir«>iH-r  to  slKnlly  that  I  liave  the  liimlieMt  Iteasou  to  think  it  is  Ids  Miije-tty's  fixed 
Heflolutlon  to  adhere  to  his  said  liojal  Decision,  and  to  h-ave  this  (Government  in  tlie  full  Knjoyment 
of  its  ancient  Uiglils,  us  Ixiunded  uiion  the  said  Vonntrlkut  Hiver.  And  it  further  uppearlng  by 
Proof  on  Ontli,  that  Simeon  llntfiaway,  M>se.i  Scutt^  Jonathan  I'hiik,  und  iSV/i/,«  Huhinson,  all  of  the 
County  of  Jllbany,  Yeomen,  were  among  the  jirinelpHl  Authors  of,  and  Actors  in  the  lust  mentioned 
Kiot  und  Breacli  of  the  I'euce:  lu  onU-r  therefore  to  bring  the  said  (Jtlentlers  to  condign  Punishment, 
und  that  others  warned  by  tlieir  Kxaniple,  may  !)e  deterred  from  the  C»mmls!«ion  of  such  evil 
Practices  for  the  future,  I  have  thouglit  tit,  by  and  wltli  tiie  A'dvlce  of  his  Mnjcsly's  Council,  to  issu«i 
tids  Proclamation,  hereby  strictly  commiindlng  and  re(iulring  the  SlierllV  of  the  City  and  County  of 
Jllhnuy^  to  apiirehend  and  take  all  and  every  tlie  before  named  Rioters  and  Olfenders,  und  them  to 
conunit  to  sale  and  secure  Custody,  to  answer  for  tlieir  several  Ollences,  and  to  be  dealt  with  accord- 
ing to  Law:  And  for  that  Purpose  if  It  sliidl  be  necessary,  to  raise an<l  take  to  Ids  Assistance,  tlie  Posst 
Co«ii7«/(«,  or  whole  Power  of  the  County:  And  all  Magistrates,  Odicers,  and  Ministers  of  Justice, 
are  hereby  enjoined  and  reqidred  to  give  their  Aid  and  Assistance,  not  only  In  apprehending  tho 
said  several' Utfenders,  and  corandttlng  them  to  safe  Custody,  but  in  preventing  und  suppressing 
ull  I'ulure  Riots  und  Disorders  of  the  like  dangerous  Tendency. 

GIVEN  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms,  at  Fort  George,  in  the  City  of  New  York,  the  llrst  Day 
of  November,  One  thousand  seven  hundred  and  seventy,  in  tlie  eleventh  Year  of  the  Reign  of  our 
Sovceign  I^ml  George  the  Third,  l>y  the  Grace  of  G<xl,  of  Great  Britain,  France,  and  Ireland,  King, 
Deleuder  of  the  Fuith,  und  so  forth. 

DUMMORE. 

By  His  Excellency's  Conunaud, 

Gw.  Banyah,  D.  Secry. 

God  &AVF.  THE  Kino. 


PETITIONS  FROM  CUMBERLAND  AND  GLOUCESTER  TO  THE  KING. 


To  the  King's  most  Excellent  Majesty. 
The  Petition  of  the^ubscribers  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  others.  Inhabitants  of  the  Province  of 
New  York  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  &  Gloucester,  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut 
River. 
Most  hundily  Sheweth 

That  your  Majesty's  Colony  of  New  York  was  anciently  bounded  to  the  eastward  by  Connecticut 
River,  the  Grant  from  King  Charles  the  Second  to  James  Duke  of 'York  in  1663|4  comprehending  in. 
express  terms;  "All  the  lands  from  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of 
Deleware  Bay;"  While  your  Majestys  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  the  Limits  whereof  were  first 
ascertained  about  the  yeur  1739  is  confined  in  its  extent  westward  to  your  Mujesty's  other 
Governments. 

That  notwithstanding  this  clear  designation  of  Boundary  to  each  Province  New  Hampshire 
])roceeded  to  make  Grants  of  the  Lands  westward  of  the  River  Connecticut,  and  the  matter  at  length 
coming  under  your  Majestys  consideration,  your  Majesty  was  pleased  by  your  Royal  order  of  the 


\&  ■ 


OONTROVKMV    nnPCCTINO   THE   NtW   IIAMMIimt   ORANTfl. 


40T 


20<)i  of  July  17^1,  finally  to  cleternilne  anil  <l«rlure  tlic  Western  bsnki  of  Connecticut  river  (yont 

wliM'c  it  viwer^  tlic  IVoviiioc  ot'tlit'  MiissHrliiiitftH  Bay  as  far  as  the  45*''  degree  nf  nottliern  Latltiule, 
to  l>t'  tlie  Ixiiiiiilary  Miie  U'lvvccn  ilu-  IMnvliiri's  of  N«'\v  llampxlilrc  aii<l  New  York. 

Tluit  ill  tlie  year  i7()8,  an  onlinance  was  |>asse«l  In  your  Majesty's  name  ami  under  your  Majestys 
Seal  of  N.w  York,  erecting  [nut  of  the  I^iudson  the  west  side  of  C'oiinectleut  river  Into  a  new  County 
by  the  name  ol'diiuherland  ;  and  oii  the  lOH'  of  Marcli  in  the  present  year,  a  like  ordinance  passed 
er*'oting  anotlier  county  to  tlie  northwanl  of  tlie  former,  by  the  name  of  (ilouccster  ;  in  con8e(|uence 
whereof  proi)er  courts  liave  been  establlslied  and  organized,  &  Justice  tlueiy  lulministered,  as  in  the 
other  Coiuities  witliin  your  Majistyo  Province  of  New  York,  to  the  great  comfort  eaf!<<  and  liappiness 
of  your  Petitioners,  and  other  your  Majesty's  loyal  &  faithful  subjects,  wiio  lioped  to  liuve  enjoyed 
uninterruptedly  the  fruits  of  their  Industry  in  Peace  and  traiujuilllty. 

Tluit  in  the  month  of  June  Ia<it,a  niuni)er  of  disorderly  persons  seated  in  the  township  of  Windsor 
in  tlieCounty  of  Cumberland,  assembled  in  a  riotous  manner,  &  by  threats  obstructed  tlic  proceedings 
of  the  Court  of  Common  pleus ;  pretending  that  tlie  Magistrates  &  Civil  OlHcers  were  unautliorlzed  ; 
that  no  obedience  was  due  to  tliem  ;  that  tlie  Jurisdiction  belonged  tu  the  Government  of  New 
Hampshire ;  Tlmt  your  Majesty's  Hoyal  Order  aforesaid  W(juld  soon  be  rescinded  ;  and  the  Lands 
thereby  declared  as  part  of  your  Majesty's  Colony  of  New  York,  be  decreed  to  appertain  for  the  future 
to  tlie  Province  of  New  Hampshire. 

Tlmt  residing  near  the  borders  of  the  two  Governments,  the  said  riotous  persons  have  eluded  the 
publlck  Justice,  by  flight  into  New  Hampshire  ;  and  confederating  with  divers  inhabitants  there  ; 
have  ju'omoted  a  spirit  of  disorder  and  disobedience  to  the  authority  of  your  Majestys  Govern- 
ment of  New  York,  by  Signing  and  prociu'ing  the  subscriptions  of  many  persons  in  botli  provinces 
to  tt  Petition,  the  avowed  purjwse  of  which  is  the  change  of  Jurisdiction. 

That  your  Petitioners  are  persuaded  this  measure  is  calculated  to  elude  the  punishment  due  to 
those  lawless  trangressors  :  to  promote  the  interests  of  individuals,  who  have  made  a  truffle  of  the 
New  Hampshire  titles,  and  to  aggrandize  the  family  of  the  late  Governour  Wentworth,  for  whose 
benefit  reservations  of  Land  were  made  in  all  the  numerous  Grants  which  lie  thouglit  proper  to 
pass.  While  your  Petitioners  have  the  greatest  reason  to  think  it  will  if  adopted  prove  highly 
dissatisfactory  and  prejudicial  to  the  Body  of  Inhabitants  in  general,  who  beginning  to  feel  the  eminent 
advantages  of  a  settled  Government,  view  with  concern  even  the  prosnect  of  an  alteration  that  may 
again  expose  them  to  the  difliculties  and  hardships,  with  which  they  so  lately  contended,  at  the  same 
time  that  it  must  be  inevitably  productive  of  uncertainty  and  confusion .  in  titles  ond  peculiarly 
grievous  to  a  great  number  of  your  Majesty's  Subjects,  who  confiding  in  the  Stability  of  your 
Majestys  said  royal  order,  have  purchased  and  seated  themselves  in  that  country  from  an  imme- 
diate view  of  their  being  connected  with  and  under  the  protection  of  tlds  your  Majesty's  Govern- 
ment of  New  York. 

Y'our  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  beseech  your  Majesty  to  Grant  them  such  relelf  as  to  your 
Majesty,  in  your  great  wisdom  shall  seem  meet. 

And  your  Majesty's  Petitioners,  as  in  duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray  &«. 

Province  of  New  York 
lit  November  1770 


408 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   TH£   NG'V    HAMPSHIRE:   GRANTS. 


Thomas  Chandler 
Edtvaril  Howo 

Mows  Wright 
Simon  Stevens 
Timothy  Spencer 
Daniel  iiill 
Sumnel  Scott 
Jehiell  Simmons 
George  Hull 
Jchehed  Wiildoras 
Joseph  Donglits 
Willni  Dean 
■\Villard  Ucan 
AVm  Dean  J  nnr 
Joel  Mm  hens 
Moses  Evens 
Zeidock  Wright 
Aya  Taylor 
Matthias  Kiist 
Lionel  Uddel 
Jacob  Bnrtch 
Timotliy  Lull 
Thos  Sumner 
John  Peters 
John  Tuplin 
Abiier  Fowler 
John  Taplin  jiinr 
Thos  BntterHeld 
Thos  Clmmhcrlain 
AVellobuy  Butterfleld 
Koht  Kennedy 
Ezokiel  Colby 
Jacob  Hall 
Ephram  Martin  junr 
Daniel  Hall 
Jonathan  Butterfleld 
David  Sleeper 
David  Davis 
Benjamin  Jenkins 
Stephen  MeConnel 
Obededcm  Sanders 
Matthew  Miller 
Amos  Davis 
Ephraim  Morton 
Sainl  Gott 
Ebcn'er  Green 
Jolin  Chamberlin 
Saml  AVise 
Benjn  Chamberlin 
Joseph  Lord 
Thos  Chandler  junr 
Ebenez:  Fullar 
George  Earl 
John  Chandler 
Benjn  Mann 
Amos  Snow 
Nathan  Earll 
David  Brooks 
Joshua  Church 
John  Stone  Junr 
Jolm  Nott 
Thomas  Nott 
Daniel  Saiiitell 
Gersbom  Tnttle 
Thomas  Cntlar 
■\Vni  McCoy 
Joel  Mersh 
Ebenezer  Parkhurst 
Alexander  Brluck 
Henry  Bra^g 
Jonath  Ocor 
MIdad  Benton 
Elisha  Burton 
John  Sargent 
Joseph  Hatch 
John  Hatch 


Saml  Patrldgo 
John  Wright 
Jacob  Fowler  junr 
Jacob  Fowler 
Ephraim  Collins 
Hugh  Miller 
John  Sawyer 
Saml  McDuiFey 
John  Itlorton 
Win  Bell 
Jesse  McFarland 
Ebenez;  Morton 
David  Thomson 
James  Horner 
James  Aikin 
Hezekiah  Silliway 
Jas  Pennock 
Jesse  Pennock 
Ezekiel  Parish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Peter  Pcrnueck 
Josiah  Goodrich 
Penuel  Deming 
AVm  Synn-s 
Moses  .lohnson  junr 
Ebenezer  Fullar  junr 
David  Henton 
Thos  Temple 
John  Abbe 
Jonath  Fullar 
Roliert  Crook 
Oliver  Lovell 
Oliver  Coray 
Fairbank  More 
Silvanus  Titus 
Jacob  Stowel 
Timothy  Lovell 
Elias  Alcott 
Sand  Laerabeo 
Samuel  Taylor 
Joseph  Wood 
John  Wait 
Wm  Simiions 
Thomas  Stebbins 
M'm  Steady 
Zobcdifth  Woodwarth 
Colburn  Preston 
John  Lovcl 
Elijah  Lovel 
Joiiathan  White 
Lemuel  White 
Jonathan  Tarbel 
Tobias  Barney 
Tim:  Olcott 
John  Stone 
Thos  Stone 
Hezekiah  Hoarc 
Cyrus  Wliitccomb 
Ebenr  llolton 
David  Hutchinson 
David  Wood 
Noah  Porter 
Oliver  Startwel 
Pace  Harriman 
Paul  SpiKiner 
Benin  Birch 
I'riali  Morse 
Nathaniel  Martin 
Samuel  Miller 
Jas  Miller 
Bcmoni  Wright 
Daviil  Kennedy 
Wm  Thomson 
Daniel  West 
Aron  Pennock 
Samuel  Pennock 


Eleazer  Goodrich 
Abner  Kceve 
Silas  Hamilton 
Francis  Whitmoro 
Isaac  Barrett 
Solomon  Phelps 
Luke  Brown 
Barnabas  Kussel 
Joseph  Jackson 
Isaac  McCanc 
Daniel  Sargent 
Dennis  Lochling 
Danl  Kathan 
Alexamler  Kathan 
Jolm  Kathan 
John  Kathan  Junr 
AVm  JIurc 
Sand  Allen 
AVm  Wiman 
Jonas  More 
Moses  Coles 
Joshua  Parker 
Amos  Hall 
Charles  Kathan 
Noah  Sabin  Junior 
Oliver  AVyman 
Andw  Grimes 
Benjamin  Wilson 
Joseph  Fuller 
Jonathan  Houghton 
James  Cnmins 
Jeremiah  Cumins 
Francis  Comins 
Joshua  Hide 
Samuel  AVlieat 
James  Snow 
Matthew  Cushing 
Noah  Cushing 
Ephraim  Pierce 
Abija  Moore? 
Rufus  Moro 
Elisha  Ayers 
Jonatlm  Lockland 
Asa  Holget 
Abraham  Carly 
John  Butler 
Aaron  Gary 
Leonard  Siiaulding 
Nehemiah  Howe 
Joseph  Hartwell 
Ephraim  AVilcox 
Richard  Barton 
Saml  Part  ridge  junr 
Jas  Andrews 
Samuel  AVells 
Timothy  Church 
Joseph  Burt 
Josei>h  Burt  junr 
Willm  Brace 
Shadrich  Ball 
Joel  Aitcbison 
Wm  King 
Jacob  Ball 
Oliver  Cook 
Ebenezer  Fisher 
Nathaniel  Stcdman 
Ebenezer  Church 
Reuben  Field 
Nathan  Gould 
Reuben  Bump 
Thos  Farrand 
John  Iloiijjhton 
Sawyer  Wright 
Elijah  Prouty 
John  Piko 
Tilley  Wilder 


Isaac  Robinson 
John  Serjeant 
Nathan  Church  Junr 
Seth  Andrews 
James  NieV;ols 
Ebenezer  Haws 
Lemuel  Kendrick 
Levi  Baldwin 
John  Baldwin 
Benjn  Gould 
Nathaniel  Church 
Jonatlm  Herrick 
John  Conipen 
John  Davis  junr 
Elijiih  Alwurd 
Caleb  Alward 
John  Davis 
Jonatlm  Rogers 
Saml  Davis 
John  Mayo 
Lemuel  Mayo 
Samuel  Skinner 
Samuel  Minott 
Benjn  Hatch 
John  Bennett 
Nathan  Williams 
Jonas  Shcpard 
Jas  Henderson 
Joseph  Williams 
Saml  Woodard 
Robert  Pattison 
Anihy  Morrel 
Wm  Coper 
AVm  Gate 
Sand  Clark 
Benjn  Baker 
Josiah  Clark 
Jost'id)  Steward 
Thos  Clark 
AA'm  Creles 
Abner  Kice 
Rufus  Shepherd 
Petter  Pattison 
Samuel  Clark  jr 
James  Cary  junr 
Isaac  Orr 
James  Roberts 
Jas  Woodward 
Seth  Knowell 
Joseph  Lyon's 
Ebenezer  Brooks 
Daniel  Shepherdson 
Saml  Allen 
A()uila  Cleveland 
Zachous  Farnsworth 
Asaph  Carpenter 
Moses  Smith 
David  AA'ceks 
Benjn  Carpenter 
Henry  Hix 
Wm  Cranny 
AA'm  Brace  junr 
Obadiah  Gill 
Joseph  Chamberlin 
AA'm  NickoUs 
Jasper  Palridgo 
Joseph  Griffith 
Ebenr  Davis 
Ebenezer  Davis  junr 
Elipbalet  Pearce 
Samuel  Morse 
Joseph  Perry 
John  Peiry 
Moses  Perry 
Solomon  Perry 
Jacob  Burton 


1-  V 


CONTROVERSY    HEMPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


409 


Azarlah  Stodcr 
Elisha  Partridgo 
Israel  Curtis 
Kbciiozor  Harris 
Diiviil  Toy 
Kboiit'zei'  Parish 
Siiiivoii  Sniitli 
(it'orm;  Lyons 
Suniiiel  Clark 
Jonatlin  (^rawford 
Kll>liii  Pratt 
Samtiol  ISrowii 
David  liiih 
Kbeiiozor  Sabiiio 
Will  ^Vils.m 
Klijah  Clarke 
Klkaiiah  Cleveland 
.Inlin  Helton 
W'm  ileinlersou 
Iloiiry  lleiulnrson 
Jno  Ileiulor.'.oii 
Samuel  Morrison 
•laoob  Sliojiard 
Uonjii  Henry 
Samuel  Haws 
A\'m  Scott 
Natliati  Wilk'ocks 
Hugh  Bolton 
^Vm  Biiltook 
William  MeCuiie 
John  Kills 
Thos  Ellis 
Boiiju  Gorton 


Ephralm  Knapp 
Jesse  Frost 
Bcnjn  Butterfleld  Jun; 
Samuel  Duttuu 
Thos  Cook 
Joshua  U'ilder 
SamI  Wilder 
lilius  Wilder  Junr 
Solomon  Bali 
John  Mark 
Asi  Davis 
Thomas  Crowfoot 
Wiehat'l  Lovel 
Danl  Whlpiilo 
Wm  Williams 
Elisha  Harding 
John  Grout 
Satnl  Knight 
Beiiju  Butterfleld 
Gad  Smith 
Oliver  AVilson 
Josiah  Jenkins 
Thos  Serjeant 
Jonatlin  llobbs 
Malaehi  Church 
Abiicr  Xewton 
Henry  Wells 
Oliver  Harris 
Oliver  Harris  jiinr 
■Williani  Harris 
Benoni  Smith 
Jobu  Camp 


Joseph  Scott 
Thomas  Whiting 
Jas  Colter 
jMurdoek  Smith 
Sam'.  Brown 
Amos  Whitins 
John  SheiHM'ilson 
Daniel  Whittukor 
Joel  Cutler 
Josiah  Allen 
AVm  Hanisdale 
Prnncis  Kice 
Oliver  Dinsmooro 
Noah  Weld 
Nathaniel  Smith 
Totham  Beglu 
Wm  Lavkiii 
Israel  Field 
Abel  Storkwell 
Wm  Klliis 
Kiehard  Proiity 
David  Church 
J;ieob  SpauUling 
Aimer  Scouell 
Joseph  Marks 
Samuel  Darly 
Josiah  Davis 
■Nathan  Davis 
David  Davis 
Chipman  Swift 
Jesse  Grilleth 
Benjii  Dyer 


Satnl  Kent 
Josiah  Crimp 
J^lm  Alexander 
Jonas  Knapp 
James  King 
Isaac  Gain 
Ithanuir  Goodenough 
John  Cump 
Jonathan  Penney 
Samuel  Bennett 
Ephruim  Whitney 
Elezer  Grovis 
James  Denis 
David  Ayers 
John  Barney 
Seth  Whifaker 
Jonathan  Goodenough 
Jedcdiah  Wood 
Manasah  Bixby 
Ebenezer  Goodenough 
Daniel  }loydeii 
Ebenezer  Fox 
Thoms  W<«>ley 
Ephruim  Whitney 
Joseph  Stibbinst 
Eliezr  Palcrsou 
Saml  St  rat  ton 
Israel  Bowley 
David  I.indesjiy 
William  Johnson 
Jonathan  Church 
Titus  Arms 


PETITION  FOR  THE  CONFIRMATION  BY  NEW  YORK  OF  CERTAIN  N.  H.  GRANTS 

To  His  Excellency  the  Right  Hon'>ie  John  Earl  of  Dunmore  Captain  General  &  Governor  in 

chief  in  &  over  tlie  Province  of  New  York  &  tlie  territories  depending  tiiereon  in 

America,  Cliancellor  &  vice  Admiral  of  the  Same. 

The  Petition  of  tiie  Siiltscrihers  inhabitants  of  certain  lands  on  the  West  side  of  Coiniecticut 

river  in  the  Province  of  New  York. 
Humlily  Sheweth 

Tliat  from  tlie  amiable  character  your  Petitioners  have  repeatedly  had  of  the  benevolence  of  your 
Lordsliip's  disposition,  as  well  as  permanent  qualities  &  distinguished  abilities,  tliey  are  induced  to 
approaeii  your  Lordship  with  their  Supplications. 

TliJit  a  Controversy  liatli  unhappily  subsisted  for  some  years  between  the  Governments  of  New 
York  and  New  Hampsliire,  relative  to  tlie  valitlity  of  the  Grants  formerly  issued  by  the  latter, 
which  has  proved  extremely  detrimental  both  to  tlie  interest  of  the  Crown  and  tliis  part  of  tlie 
Country,  by  impeding  tlie  Settlement  thereof. 

That  your  Petitioners  liave  respectively  seated  tliemselves  and  families  upon  the  Lands  so  granted 
to  them  on  the  West  side  ot  the  river  Connecticut,  cultivated  and  improved  the  same  in  pursuance 
of  and  agreeable  to  their  said  Grants,  conceiving  their  Title  to  be  good  and  effectual  untill  after  tlie 
arrival  of  His  Majesty's  royal  Order  in  liis  Privy  Council  of  the  20"'  day  of  July  17G4,  ascertaining 
the  eastern  Limits  of  the  Pro^•incc  of  New  York  to  be  at  the  western  banks  of  tlie  said  river 
Connecticut. 

That  your  Petitioners  are  now  desirous  of  holding  the  same  under  the  Government  of  New  York, 
if  tiiey  can  obtain  a  confirmation  of  the  Lands  so  by  them  respectively  improved  on  moderate  fees, 
Vol..  IV.  52 


M 


!     i 


m 


CONTROVKRSY    RESPECTING    THE   KEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


&  under  tlie  Provisoes,  limitations  and  restrictions  prescribed  in  His  Majestys  instructions  to  your 
Lordship,  and  that  tiicf  otlier  Lands  situate  westward  of  said  river,  not  improved  and  cultivated  as 
aforesaid,  may  be  granted  on  tlie  usual  terms,  as  also  the  Lands  on  the  west  side  of  tiie  green 
mountains  to  sucli  persons  as  applied  for  tlie  same. 

Your  Petitioners  tiierefore  most  Inimbly  pray  that,  as  tliey  have  expended  their  worldly  substance 
upon  tlie  Premisses,  and  are  thereby  rendered  wliolly  unable  to  pay  the  Patent  fees  demanded  by 
tlie  late  Governor  in  cliief  of  this  Province  for  the  Lands  so  cultivated,  that  your  Lordship  will  be 
lavouiubjy  pleased  in  tender  Compassion  to  your  Petitioners,  and  their  lielpless  and  distressed 
iiimilies  to  represent  tliis  their  Case  to  His  Majesty,  not  doubting  but  he  will  be  graciously  pleased 
to  take  the  same  into  his  princely  Consideration,  and  give  such  relief  therein  as  sliall  to  liim  seem 
meet. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  as  in  duty  bound,  ever  pray  &c. 

Province  of  New  York  ) 
3  December  1770.      \ 


Jesse  Frost 
Bcnj:  Biittorflcld  junr 
Levi  Baldwin 
John  Balilwiii 
Lt'tiiucl  Ivciidrick 
Kuthll  Clmich 
Joiiatlmii  Ilerrilf 
TIios  Cool; 
John  Comptou 
Abner  Reeve 
Josliua  WiUlen 
Jasi)cr  Portiigto 
Saml  Wells 
Josiah  Wliite 
Filley  Wilder 
Iftiac  Robinson 
John  Serjreants 
Jfalliaiiiel  Church  junr 
Sethan  Eniers 
Willni  lJrne<!  junr 
Obadiah  (Jill  ' 
Jos:  Chanil>erlaiu 
Abner  Sewell 
W'illm  Mcolls 
.Tames  Nleolls 
Kbenezer  Ilaws 
.lohn  KUis 
Thus  Ellis 
BiMijn  Gorton 
Ephraim  Knap 
Tlios  Cliandler 
Joel  AtelK'son 
Willin  King 
Jacob  Ball  ' 
Nathaniel  Secilinan 
Oliver  Cook 
Ebeiiezer  FilUiil 
Israel  Cliiireli 
RenbiMi  Field 
Nathan  (Jonbl 
Ronben  liniiii) 
Thos  Fiirrand 
John  Honiihton 
Sawyer  Wri.aht 
Klijah  Prouty 
^Vru  Cratniy 
John  I'ike 
y.wU:  Fro^t 
AVni  Bull. .ok 
Jeveld  Fi.'ld 
M'in  Mel/uno 
Benj;  C"ar(>pntor 


Henry  IIox 
Abel"  Wet  herd 
Win  Ellas 
Riehd  Frouty 
David  Church 
•lacob  Spaulding 
Timothy  Church 
.losej.h  Burt 
Joseph  Burt  jnnr 
Wni  Bruce 
Shatruh  Bull 
Peter  Paulson 
David  Williams 
Samuel  Clark  jnnr 
Isaac  Orr 
James  Cary  Junr 
.Fas  Roberts 
•las  Woodard 
Sell)  Knowlo 
,ii)S:  Lyons 
Ebenezer  Brooks 
DanI  Sliephordson 
■Samuel  Allen 
A((nila  Clealand 
Zacheus  Farusworth 
Asa]ih  Car|p(.'nter 
Closes  Sinilli 
David  M'ceks 
Jonas  Slipperd 
Samuel  Woodard 
Joseph  Williams 
Robt  I'atlisou 
AVm  Cooper 
"Wm  Galo 
S.iml  Clark 
.losiali  Clark 
Benjamin  Baker 
Joseph  Stewart 
Thos  Clark 
AVni  Crells 
Aimer  Hice 
Elijah  Clarka 
John  lioltoM 
Naihiui  WiUiiiins 
Wm  lleudirs<in 
Henry  Henderson 
Jno  Henderson 
Sai.iu.l  Morrison 
.iacob  Shepard 
Henjn  Henry 
Sand  Stewart 
William  Scott 


Nathan  Willcock 
Hugh  Bolton 
Ruins  Shcpard 
Ebenezcr  Uarris 
Francis  Rice 
Oliver  Dinsmore 
Noah  Weld 
Nathaul  Smith 
Daviil  Joy 
■\Villiam  Larkin 
Ebenozer  Parish 
Simeon  Smith 
(icorgc  Lyons 
Sand  Clarke 
Jonatim  Sallord 
Samuel  Bnjwn 
Elisha  Pnlh 
Ebeiiezer  Sal)in 
David  Rich 
Wm  M'ilsoii 
Abner  Newton 
Oliver  Harris  junior 
Oltiver  Harris 
Win  (Jolf 
Job  Ciiinp 
Benoni  Smith 
Josiah  Scott 
Thomas  Whiting 
James  Culler 
Merodach  B.  Smith 
Samuel  Brown 
Amos  Whiting 
John  Sheperdson 
Snml  Wliitakcr 
Joel  Cntlar 
Josiiua  Allen 
Wm  Ramsdel 
Wm  Williams 
Elisha  Harding 
John  Grout 
Israel  Curtis 
Henry  Wells 
Saml  Knight 
Benjn  Bntterflold 
Jotiian  Biglo 
Gad  Smith 
.losiiih  Dcakins 
Oliver  AVilson 
Thomas  Seijants 
Jouallm  Hobbs 
Mnlachi  Churcli 
Nnfhaniel  Brown 


Joseph  Ilapados 
Saml  Skinner 
Sand  Jlinott 
Aaron  Alexander 
Joseph  Perry 
.lohn  Perry 
Moses  Perry 
Solomon  Perry 
Robbart  Crook 
Ephraim  Wilcox 
Michael  Lovel 
Oliver  Lovell 
Oliver  Corey 
Fairbank  Moore 
Silvanus  Titus 
Jacob  Ilornbeck 
Timothy  Lovell 
EliasOflcott 
Saml  Larrabce 
Saml  Taylor 
.Toseph  Woods 
John  AVait 
AVm  Snowo 
Thos  HubbiTt 
AVilliam  Cliilds 
Jedediali  Woodwarth 
Colbnrn  Preston 
.Tolin  Lovel 
Elijah  Lov(  I 
Joiiath:  White 
Lemuel  AVhilo 
Jonathan  Tarbol 
.loseph  Douirlas 
Gorphmi  Tiittlo 
Joseph  Lord 
Thos  Chandler 
Ebenezcr  Millar 
George  Karll 
John  Cliandler 
Abel  Barney 
Timoiliy  Oieott 
.John  Stone 
Thos  Stone 
Hezekiah  Hoare 
Cyrus  AVhitconib 
Eben  Hoi  ton 
David  Hnli'binson 

Dilvill    Wood 

Edward  How 
Nathan  Earll 
David  Brooks 
JoslniK  Ctinvch 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


411 


John  Stone  .Tutir 
Mosos  W'rijflit 
Noiili  Porlor 
Juliii  Not). 
Tlios  Nott 
Daniel  Sanrcll 
Jaodlj  SaihvL'll 
Siniun  .Stt'vi'n!) 
Tiniotliy  SpLMicer 
Noah  Tenli'vutt 
I'a^c  llaniiieaii 
Wanii'l  (iill 
Sannicl  Scott 
(ii'oiKo  Ilall 
Jukiel  Syniiiiont 
Juliobat  AK'ddonis 
Silas  Jlaniilton 
Francis  Wliitniore 
Isaac  Barrett 
Solomon  Pliclps 
Lnko  Brown 
Dennis  Lorkling 
Daniel  Katlian 
Aloxr  Kathan 
John  Kathan 
John  Kathau  Juur 
Wiu  More 
Sanil  Alien 
■\\'m  Winiaii 
Jonas  Mooru 
Moses  Cole 
Joshua  Parker 
Amos  Hail 
Chas  Kathan 
Noah  Sabin  junr 
Oliver  Wyman 
Andrew  Arnies 
Benjn  'Willsou 
Joseph  Fuller 
Jonathn  Iloupthtou 
James  Corny  ng 
Francis  Coniins 
Jas  Coniins  junr 
>'oah  Sabin 
Ei»hraim  Pierce 
Asa  lloUget 
Abraham  Easly 
Jonathn  liOchlcg 
Aaron  Garvey 
Samn^'l  Moore 
John  Davis  junr 


John  Morks 
Jos:  Phillips 
Sanil  Darby 
Josiah  Davis 
Nathan  Davis 
Asa  Davis 
Thos  Cropot 
David  Davis 
Chipman  Swift 
Elijah  Alvord 
Caleb  Alvord 
John  Davis 
Jonathan  liaynes 
Sand  Davis 
Joseph  Grimth 
Elijah  Davis 
Ehenczer  Davis 
Jesse  Grifiith 
John  Mayo 
Linncl  Mayo 
Barnabas  Ilussel 
Joseph  Jackson 
Isnc  McLain 
Daniel  Sargent 
James  Luon 
Matthew  Cushiug 
Noah  Cushing 
John  Butler 
Elizaphet  Peace 
Leonard  Spalding 
Benjamin  Jenkins 
David  Doing 
John  Morton 
AVm  Bill 

Stephen  McConnell 
Obadiah  Sanders 
Mathew  Miller 
Amos  Davis 
F.phraim  Morton 
Jesse  Mcfarlaml ' 
Ebenezer  Morten 
David  Thomson 
James  Horner 
James  Aiken 
Nathaniel  Martin 
Samuel  Gott 
Samuel  Miller 
James  Miller 
Benoni  Wright 
Ephraim  Martin  Jr 
Wm  Thomson 


Davi<l  Kennedy 
John  Bennet 
Pennel  Deniing 
Francis  ilalding 
Moses  Johnson 
Jas  Andrews 
Samuel  Kent 
Josiah  Baring 
Daniel  Whipple 
John  Alexander 
Jonas  Knapp 
Jas  King 
Isaiah  G.ile 
Itliman  Goodenough 
John  Camp 
Jonathn  Primy 
Saml  Bennett 
Ephraim  Whiness 
Eliezer  Gtover 
James  Denis 
David  Dalsing 
John  Barney 
Seth  Whiterley 
Jonath  Goodenough 
Thos  Sumner 
John  Peters 
John  Ta])lin 
Abni^r  Fowler 
John  Toplington 
Thos  Butterfield 
Thos  Chamberlain 
Welbe  Buttertield 
Kobert  Kennedy 
Elie7,er  Cosly 
Jacob  Fowler 
Israel  Hall 
Daniel  Hall 
Jacob  Fowler 
Jonathan  Kuterfleld 
Samuel  Daring 
Exterlin  Collins 
David  Sleeper 
Hugh  Miller 
John  Sawyer 
Saml  Mcriutrey 
Jeudiah  Wiods 
Manassali  Bisby 
Ebenezer  Goodenough 
Danl  Boydcn 
Ebenezer  Fox 
Ephraim  Whiting 


Thos  Wooley 
Beiijn  Dyer 
Jonathon  Church 
Titus  Orme 
John  Sargent 
Joseph  Heath 
John  Hatch 
Saml  Partridge 
John  Wright 
Willni  Dunn 
Willard  Deane 
Wm  Deane  juni 
Thos  Cutlar 
Wm  McCoy 
Joel  Mathews 
Moses  Evans 
Zeidock  AVrijiht 
Matthew  Rust 
Joel  Marsh 
Ebenezer  Bartlet 
Alexn  Brink 
Henrv  Brngg 
Lionel  Udal 
Jacob  Curtch 
Timothy  Sull 
Paul  Spooner 
Benjn  Birch 
Uriah  Morse 
John  String 
David  Beaton 
Elisha  Burton 
Noah  Mite 
Hezekiah  Siloday 
Jas  Pennock 
Ezekial  Parish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Adom  Pcnnoek 
Richd  Baxter 
Peter  Pennock 
John  Chamlicrlin 
Elize  Troen 
Benjn  Chaniberlin 
Samuel  Wise 
Josiah  Goodrich 
Eliezer  Goodrich 
Benjn  Hatch 
Jac()b  Burton 
Elisha  Partridge 
Saml  Partridge  jr 
Wm  Symes 


i 


ORDER  TO  PROSECUTE  SILAS  ROBINSON. 

[CounoU  Mui.  XXVI.] 

In  Council  18*''  December  1770 
His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  letter  from  Henry  Ton  Eyck  Junior  Esq,  Sherif  of  Albany 
of  the  3«i  Inst  signifying  that  in  obedience  to  his  Excellency's  proclamation  of  the  l»t  ultimo  for 
apprehending  certain  Rioters  tiierein  named,  he  proceeded  to  Bennington  and  on  the  29^*>  November 
fu  company  witli  John  Munro  Esquire,  and  liis  Under  Sherif,  went  to  the  House  of  Silas  Robinson 
one  ot  the  Rioters,  and  there  apprehended  him ;  That  from  the  advice  of  M"^  Mimro  and  the 
Information  he  received  he  judged  it  best  to  return  with  his  prisoner  especially  as  he  was  reported 
to  be  one  of  the  principal  among  them,  rather  than  risque  his  being  rescued  ;  and  that  the  said  Silas 


M 


■  i 


412 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMrSIIIRE   GRANTS. 


Robinson  is  now  a  prisoner  in  liis  custody,  wliere  he  shall  keep  liim  until  he  receives  liis  Excellency's 
fartlier  Instructions. 

Wiiereiipon  it  is  ordered  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  tlie  Council,  that  a 
copy  of  tlie  said  Proclamation  with  the  Original  Affidavits  touching  the  Riots  therein  mentioned,  be 
delivered  to  liis  Majesty's  Attorney  General  of  tliis  Province,  and  that  he  do  pi-osecute  tlie  said 
Silas  Robinson  for  tiie  Matters  with  which  he  so  stands  charged. 


PETITION  OF  CERTAIN  PARTIES  TO  BE  REANNEXED  TO  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

TO   THE   king's   most    EXCEIXKNT    MAJESTY. 

In  Council. 
The  Humble  Petition  of  Your  Majesty's  loyal,  faithful  obedient  subjects,  whose  only  hope  of  Relief 
from  immediate  poverty  distress  and  ruin,  with  there  helpless  Wives  and  Children,  depends  entirely 
on  your  Majesty's  lenient  and  paternal  Interposition,  which  unless  your  Majesty  shall  be  graciously 
pleased  to  vouclisafe,  they  must  suffer  an  inevitable  ruin,  Tiierefore  they  Humbly  pray,  to 
represent  their  unliappy  state  Ilopeing  your  Majesty  will  be  pleased  to  lend  an  Ear  wiiile  they 
briefly  relate  some  few  of  the  distressful  circumstances  of  their  present  situation — That  they  are 
Inhabitants  of  a  Tract  of  your  Majesty's  Land  now  by  your  Majestys  order  within  the  jinisdiction  of 
your  Majesty's  Government  of  New  York  which  at  the  time  of  the  removal  of  the  line  of  jurisdiction 
was  unanimously  esteemed  to  be  in  your  Majestys  Province  of  New  Hampsliire,  except  only  by 
some  Interested  Persons  in  New  York,  who  have  made  large  Fortunes  out  of  tliose  Lands  &  whose 
pretences  were  Totally  unknown,  which  said  Tract  is  Situate  between  the  Western  Banks  of 
Connecticut  River  and  North  line  drawn  at  Twenty  miles  Eastern  distance  from  Hudsoiis  River  'till 
it  intersects  the  Wood  Creek  Lake  Champlain  &.«  That  by  virtue  of  Patents  issued  by  Benning 
Went  worth  Esq'  late  Governor  of  your  Majestys  said  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  under  the  Seal 
thereof  and  granted  to  your  Petitioners  whose  Names  are  Enter'd  in  a  Schedule  annexed  to  each 
respective  Grant,  and  in  full  Faith  of  the  said  Governors  authority  to  grant  the  said  Lands,  They 
have  setled  cultivated  inhabited  &  improved  and  expended  tlieir  wliole  Fortunes  and  all  their  labour 
to  this  day  on  the  premises  aforesaid,  that  it  having  pleased  your  Majesty  to  remove  the  line  of 
Jurisdiction  between  the  two  provinces  aforesaid  your  Petitioners  were  therefore  included  in  the 
province  of  New  York,  wliiclx  in  due  rightful  obedience  to  your  Majesty's  Commands  your  Petitioners 
dutifully  and  unexceptionably  obeyd — although  tl\eir  lying  in  tiie  jwovince  of  New  York  was  &  is 
and  for  ever  w  ill  and  must  be  higlily  detrimental  &  disagreeable  to  tiieni  botli  in  their  property  and 
good  government,  of  all  which  tliey  judged  your  Majesty  and  ministers  of  State  had  been  egrigiously 
misinformed — and  also  tliat  those  circumstances  liad  been  erroneously  Represented  to  your  Majesty 
that  since  your  Majesty's  said  order  to  annex  the  said  District  to  New  York  their  possessions  have 
been  unexceptionably  granted  to  other  people  under  the  great  Seal  of  New  York — that  writs  of 
ejectments  have  been  brought,  their  property  wrested  from  tliem,  tlieir  persons  Imprisoned  and 
their  whole  substance  wasted  in  fruitless  Law  Suits  merely  to  the  enrichment  of  a  few  Men  in  said 
Province  of  New  York,  whose  great  Influence  is  the  distruction  of  our  hard,  honestly  earned 
property,  that  we  were  greatly  and  industriously  cultivating  the  wilderness,  orderly  obeying  every 
Law,  rejoicing  iu  our  safety  and  your  Majestys  auspicious  governmcut  untill  by  this  invasion  of  otur 


I'' 


conthoveuSy  respkcting  the  new  Hampshire  grants. 


413 


property  by  many  who  preteiuled  your  Majesty's  aiithority  therein,  we  are  thrown  in  such  evident 
distress  confusion  and  dangerous  disorder  us  woulil  totich  your  Royal  Breast  witli  Ci^nipass"  could 
our  inexpressable  Missery  be  Truly  represented  and  tliat  many  of  your  j)etitioners  were  soldiers  iu 
your  Majesty's  army  in  the  late  war  in  North  America  &  were  aiding  and  assisting  in  the  happy 
successes  there  whereby  those  Lands  were  recovered  from  the  Enemy  that  tliey  have  in  all  things 
and  at  all  Times,  been  obedient  to  tlie  Laws  of  your  Majesty's  Uominions,  &  ever  obeyed  you' 
Majestys  Royal  commands — that  our  Fortunes  Interest  and  Lives  are  wholly  devoted  to  your  Sacred 
Person.  They  therelbre  humbly  prostrate  themselves,  and  pray  tliat  your  Majesty  will  be  graciously 
pleased,  to  preserve  them  from  tiie  impending  evills,  by  reannexing  theiu  to  New  Hampsliire  to 
which  province  we  are  more  contiguous  fur  Government  from  at  least  Seventy  miles  to  near  Four 
through  three  other  governments  &  by  confirming  these  possessions  as  held  and  enjoyed 
under  New  Hampshire  and  by  giving  such  other  relief  as  to  your  Majesty's  seem  adecjuateand  meet, 
whereby  your  Petitioners  may  again  Return  to  their  labour,  the  wilderness  may  be  cultivated  and 
your  Petitioners  again  Rejoice  in  tlie  Security  of  Lawful  and  good  Government  being  exercised 
amongst  tliem.  Under  God  we  rely  on  your  Majesty  only  for  relief:  we  can  luive  no  hope  from 
your  Majestys  Servants  at  New  York,  from  whose  operations  our  distresses  have  arisen.  Your 
Majesty's  Servants  of  New  Hampshire  having  Read  our  Petition  to  them  for  Relief  declare  tlieir 
inability  to  Take  cognizance  thereof  as  the  premises  are  by  your  Majestys  order  in  Council 
commanded  to  be  within  the  province  of  New  York  to  your  Majesty's  therefore  we  humbly  look 
compassionating  our  distresses.  As  your  Majestys  Petitioners  iu  Duty  and  Loyalty  bound  shall 
ever  pray. 

Province  of  New  Y'ork  ss.  Willard  Stevens  of  Cliarlestown  or  number  four  in  New  Hampshire 
Government,  a  person  well  known  to  me,  and  worthy  of  Good  Faith  and  Credit  beiwg  l)y  me  duly 
Sworn  did  dei^ose  and  say  tliat  the  foregoing  is  a  true  copy  of  the  Original  petition  delivered  me  and 
carried  by  Benjamin  Wliiting  from  Portsmouth  to  this  Country  to  be  signed  in  favour  of  New 
Hampshire  at  Numb'  4. 

Willard  Stevens. 

Sworn  before  me  this  27'1>  Day  ) 
of  January  1771.  \ 

Simon  Stevens  Jest"  of  Peace. 


SCHEDULE  of  the  names  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Westminister  as  signed  the  new  Hampsliire 
Petition  of  which  the  aforegoing  is  an  anthentick  Copy. 


William  Williird  Esquiro 
William  Willanl  Junior 
Jdsi'pli  Willard 
Janios  Kicliarilson 
.loliii  Patterson 
Buiijainiii  Hurt 
Jiilin  Avory 
Jolin  Avory  .Tiinior 
Samuel  C,  Avory 
.Ios('i)li  Phippni'v 
Josppli  Stoddard 
Joiiatlinn  Burk 
Jessf  Burk 
So.  Burke 


Amos  Carpenter  Junr 
Kleazer  llarlough 
Jacolj  Al)liy 
.Tames  Crati'ord 
Silas  Bnrk 
.Toliii  IVtty 
Epliram  Spencer 
Jolin  Sessions 

Gilson 
William  lleat(m 
Zakariali  T.ilson 
.Tonatlian  Gilson 
Joseph  Arwin 
Al>ial  Gooddalo 


Caleli  Speneer 
William  Hill 
Cridiou  Bapper 
Thomas  Davis 
Thomas  Davis  junr 
Charles  Crook 
Levy  Androes 
Bridges  Medealf 
Charles  Holding 
Simeon  Bnrlv 

Wright 
Diekinson 
Mcdad  Wright 
Joel  llolton 


Samuel  Cone 
Asa  AverrI 
Isuai;   Patterson 
IJenjamin  Patterson 
Mie'hael  Metealf 
Bildad  Andros  Ksqr 
.Vmas  Carpenter 

Carpenter 
Timothy  Carpenter 
Jidiah  Prior 
Andrew  Crook 
Abel  Carpenter 

Webb 
John  Gould 


The  ntinies  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Rockingham  who  subscribed  the  New  Hampshire  Petition. 

Daviil  Pulsifer  Peter  Bellows  Jiuiathan  Bur  Ezra  Turner 

Coriielions  Dorfeu  Hichardsou  Nathaniel  Bur  Jeremiah  Allen 

EpUium  Wheulor  Sttiuucl  C  Bur  Nathaniel  Davis  Tiir.otby  Clark 


t!H 


414 


CONTROVERSY'    IIESPKCTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSllIUF.   GRANTS. 


■  LORD  DUiNMOKE  TO  LOKD  IIILLSBOUOUGll. 

[  Lond.  Doe.  XLIII.  ] 

New  York,  March  0'",  1771. 
Extract. 

Tlie  troubled  state  of  the  North  Eastern  parts  ol'this  Province  seems  to  deserve  your  Lordsliips 
immediate  attention.  I  spealc  of  that  largo  District  between  lludsons  river  and  tlie  Lakt  s  George 
and  Champlain  on  the  West  ami  Connecticut  River  on  the  East ;  and  between  the  Nortli  line  of  tlie 
Massachusetts  Bay  and  the  15"'  degree  of  Latitude,  assigned  for  the  partition  between  this  and  t!ie 
Province  of  Quebec. 

This  is  a  fine  country,  capable  of  great  cultivation,  and  of  s>d)sistii)g  many  thousands  of  useful 
subjects  ;  but  before  the  Compiest  of  Canada  was  so  exposed  to  the  incursions  of  the  French,  and 
the  Savages  in  their  Interest,  tliat  very  tew  settlemeuts  were  made  in  it,  except  in  that  (juarttr 
nearest  to  Hudsons  Kiver. 

It  is  clearly  wilhin  the  limits  of  lliis  Province  ;  as  granted  by  King  Cliarles  the  Second  to  James 
Duke  of  York  ;  and  accordingly  His  present  Majesty  in  the  year  17G1,  was  pleased  to  declare  tiie 
Western  Bank  of  Connecticut  Kiver  to  be  tlie  inu'tition  boundary  between  New  York  and  New 
Hampshire. 

I  wish  I  could  say,  My  Lord,  that  the  Hoyal  Decision  had  been  followed  with  that  chearfidl 
submission  which  was  due  to  so  express  and  authoritative  an  intimation  of  the  King's  pleasure.  I  am 
oblidged  on  the  contrary,  to  complain  that  tliere  seems  to  be  too  much  reason  to  believe,  that  the 
disorders  in  that  Coimtry  owe  their  origin  and  progress  to  the  intrigues  of  persons  in  power  in  the 
Province  of  New  Hampslure,with  aims  of  inhancing  their  private  fortunes,  out  of  the  Crown  Lands  ; 
and  the  vain  hope  that  His  Majesty  maj  be  njoved  to  annex  this  territory  to  the  Province  of  New 
Hampshire  imder  which  their  Grants  were  obtained. 

In  the  prosecution  of  this  design  some  of  the  Inhabitants  have  lately  been  excited  to  open  acts  of 
Violence,- as  well  as  an  immediate  application  by  petition  to  the  Throne.  Upon  procuring  a  copy  of 
this  Petition  I  referred  it  to  tlie  Attorney  General  for  his  Report ;  and  as  his  Representations  appear 
greatly  to  concern  his  Majesty's  Interest  and  to  be  supjiorted  by  Proofs,  of  which  the  King  ought 
not  to  be  uninlormed,  I  now  transmit  them  to  your  Lonisliip  lor  the  Rojal  Consideration. 

I  must  at  the  same  time  apprize  your  Lordship  that  a  great  majority  of  the  settlers  are  not  only 
disposed  to  a  peaceable  submission  to  the  decision  of  17(31,  but  very  averse  to  the  change  projected 
in  New  Hampshire,  as  will  ajipear  l>y  tlieir  Counter  petition  communicated  to  me,  to  be  transmitted 
in  tiieir  liivor. 

Nor  can  I  omit  mentioning  that  it  is  in  this  District  that  many  of  the  reduced  olTicers  and  soldiers 
have  made  tlieir  locations  of  the  bounty  jiledgcd  to  tlu  m  by  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  tlie  7"'  Oct'" 
170;}.  Besid'.'S  this  I  fuid  that  others  of  His  Miijcsly's  subjects  have  obtained  Patents  lor  many 
thnusands  of  acres,  under  the  great  seal  of  this  Province,  whicli  will  be  all  frustrated  upon  detaching 
this  Country  from  the  Province  of  New  York  and  greatly  increase  the  general  confusion. 

Y'lur  Lordship  will  doubtless  perceive  that  untill  the  order  transmitted  to  Sir  Henry  Moore 
prohibiting  grants  to  be  made  of  lands  belbre  patented  luuler  New  Hamiishire,  is  rescinded  there 
cau  be  no  established  tranquility  in  tiiat  (juarter  of  tiiis  Province,  since  it  is  Natural  to  sujipose, 
tiiat  the  discontented  settlers  (coiuitenanced  as  they  are  by  New  Hampshire)  -,v:"  flatter  tiiemselves 
with  hopes  of  favour,  and  make  rapid  accessions  to  tlieir  Number  from  tii«.  profligate  Banditti  of 
the  otlier  Colonies,  who  look  for  safety  wliere  Government  is  weak  and  disturbed. 


vi    ! 


CONTHOVlCnSY    RESPECTINfi   THE   NEW   liAMPSllIRE   GRANTS. 


115 


I  Imvc  only  to  add,  my  Lord,  tlmt  from  all  the  In  format  Ion  I  liave  been  able  to  obtain,  nothing 
more  swnis  to  me  to  be  reijnisite  liir  restoring  peaee  than  a  Hevoeution  of  A  late  Order,  by  wbieli 
the  Grants  of  tids  Province  were  suspended.  The  inhal)itHnts  now  amount  to  between  six  and  seven 
hnndred  families,  of  which  number  450  odd  have  signed  a  Petition  to  me,  which  I  liave  by  tids  Packet 
transmitted  to  your  Lordsldp,  praying  to  be  continued  in  this  Government  ;  there  is  another  Petition, 
as  I  understand,  sent  home  by  Governor  Wentwortii,  signed  by  ah.mt  'iO(»,  jyraying  to  lie  under  tlie 
Government  of  New  Hampshire  ;  but  liow  tiiese  names  were  olitained  your  Lordship  will  easily  l)e 
al)le  to  conceive  if  you  take  the  trouble  of  loukiiiy  into  tiie  ditt'erent  papers  I  liave  sent  l)y  this 
Packet  ;  but  surely  tis  more  natural,  even  supposing  tliat  the  New  Mampsliire  C'l.iim  was  prefera- 
ble to  tiiat  of  New  York,  to  liave  a  River  such  as  Connecticut  for  the  boundary  :  Add  to  tins,  tiiat 
Die  Income  of  Government  would  be  consideraldy  increased  anniially  be  receiving  iialf  a  Crown 
(^uit-Hent,  instead  of  nine  pence,  i>er  100  acres,  liir  so  large  a  tract  ol'  Land  as  was  disputed.  1  am, 
My  Lord, 

Your  Lordships  most  Obedient  humble  Servant, 

DljNMOUF.. 

P.  S.  I  have  to  inform  your  Lordslup  of  tlie  death  of  Josepli  Kead«'  Es(|'.  one  <if  his  Majesty's 
Council  in  tins  Province,  I  also  inclose  to  your  Lordsidp  three  alfidavits  winch  I  have  lately 
received,  which  conlirm  our  belief  t]iatthedisordeisal)uve  mentioned  are  promoted  by  peo{)le  of  the 
greatest  power  in  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire. 


SUUVEY0K-GENE1{ AL'S  (' KRTIFIC ATE. 

OF    RESEUVATIONS    IN    lAVOlR   O!'    Tllli   NKW-IlAMrsIlIKK   (Kil  PAMS,  SKTTLED   BKKORR   TUE   22Nn    DAV    OK 

MAY  171)5. 

I  Ai.KXANOER  Coi.oK.N  Esij ;  Survcyor  General  of  Laiuls  Inr  the  Province  of  JVcw  York  ;  do  hereby 
certify,  to  all  whom  it  may  concern,  that  on  orahuut  the  twenty  second  Day  of  wVuy,  One  Tlionsand 
Seven  hiuulred  and  sixty  five,  I  received  an  attcsled  Cojt}'  of  an  Order  of  the  Lietitenant  Governor 
of  the  said  Province,  made  in  liis  Majesty's  Council  for  ihe  said  Province,  on  the  said  twenty  second 
Pay  of  .1/ay,  directing  me,  until  further  order,  not  to  make  Ketnrn  of  any  warrant  of  Survey, 
then  already,  or  which  nnght  tliereafter  come  to  my  Hands,  of  any  Lands  actually  settled  by  Persons 
under  the  (irants  of  the  Government  o{  J\'ew  Ilnmps/iire  Westwanl  oi Connecticut  Hiverand  Eastward 
of  Ihiilsnii's  Kivev.  uidess  for  the  I'ersons  in  actual  Possession  tiiereof :  That  I  tliereupon  forthwith 
gave  Instructions  tomy  several  Deputies  to  survey  and  make  return  to  me  of  all  such  Lands  so  pos- 
sessed, as  might  be  included  within  the  Rounds  of  any  Tract  they  had  or  should  receive  Warrants 
to  Survey  :  Tliat  my  Deputies  did  accordin;:!;.'  survey  and  make  return  to  me  of  several  Tracts  so 
actually  possessed  as  aforesaid,  wiiicli  in  pursuance  of  th<>  above  mentioned  Order  in  Council,  weie 
rescrveil,  in  order  to  lie  granted  to  tlie  Possessors:  Tiiat  several  Persons  being  so  possessed,  did 
refuse  to  permit  my  Dejnities  to  survey  the  I-ands  they  had  improved  ;  some  of  winch  Lands,  as 
tliey  coidd  not  be  returned  to  me,  may  have  been  granted  to  other  Persons  tiian  tiiose  in  actual  Pos- 
sessiim  under  the  Grants  of  .Ww  Ham psliire :  But  tliat  of  such  Giaiils  there  are  few  Instances, 
Keservations  having  in  almost  every  Grant  been  made  for  the  settlers,  even  when  they  refused  to 
discover  their  actual  Possessions  ;  and  that  in  all  other  Cases  of  Lands  so  possessed  as  aforesaid 


; 


416 


CONTROVCHSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSItIRE    GRANTS. 


the  Regulation  established  by  the  alwve  mentioned  Order  in  Council  hath  been  hitherto  strictly  and 
duly  observed  :  And  -I  do  further  certify,  that  I  have  not  made  any  Return  of  the  Survey  of  any 
Lands  known  to  be  held  under  any  Grant  of  the  Government  of  JVew  Ilumpshirc,  Eastward  of  tlie 
Ridge  of  Mountains  commonly  called  or  known  by  the  Name  of  the  Green  Mountains  in  order  to  be 
granted,  unless  for  the  Grantees  or  Persons  holding  or  claiming  under  the  Grants  of  JWio  JlampshirCf 
except  eight  Tracts  of  Land,  containing  five  hundred  Acres  each,  allotted  by  tlie  late  Governor 
Wentworth  tor  himself,  lour  of  which  Tracts  were  surveyed  for  Lieutenant  Thomas  Etherington,  and 
the  otiier  lour  of  wliich  Tracts  were  surveyetl  lor  Lieutenant  William  Leslie,  reduced  Officers,  who 
had  both  served  in  JVorth  Jlmerica  during  the  late  War.  Give.n  under  my  Hand,  tliis  Ibiutii  Day 
of  March,  One  Thousand  Seven  hundred  and  seventy-one. 

Alexander  Colden,  Surveyor-General. 


m\ 


PUBLIC  DISORDERS  FOMENTED  BY  N.  HAMPSHIRE. 

^.  City  of  New  York  ss — Ebenezer  Cole  Aged  Fifty  nine,  being  duly  sworn  maketh  oath.  That 
between  Seven  and  Eight  years  ago  he  purchased  some  Rights  in  a  Tract  of  Land  called  Sliaftsbury, 
under  a  Grant  thereof  by  the  late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire — That  he  settled  thereon  six  years 
ago  last  spring,  and  was  one  of  the  first  wlio  settled  in  Sliaftsbury  under  the  Grant  aforesaid 
That  between  this  Deponents  Purchasing  and  Settlement  above  mentioned,  Governor  Colden  issued 
his  Proclamation  of  the  28">  Dec  1703,  wliicji  was  soon  publickly  known  in  that  part  of  tlie  Country. 

B.  That  he  has  resided  there  ever  since,  and  well  remembers  that  Gov'  Colden  and  the  late  Gov- 
ernor of  New  Hampshire  notified  by  Proclamation  tlie  Kings  Determination  of  the  Boundary  between 
the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampsliire,  both  of  which  Proclamations  were  imblickly 
known  in  that  Part  of  the  Country. 

C.  That  the  Time  this  Deponent  settled  there  as  afs''  there  were  but  two  Persons  settled  to  the 
Northward  of  him,  or  any  Grants  of  New  Hampshire  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  tho' 
this  Deponents  House  lays  within  thirteen  miles  of  the  North  Bounds  of  the  Massachusets  Bay. 
That  at  the  Time  of  the  notification  as  aforesaid  of  his  Majestys  Determination,  this  Deponent  be- 
lieves there  might  be  about  Twenty  five  Persons  settled  to  the  northward  of  Shaftsbury  and  not  more, 
and  about  as  many  in  Shaftsbury,  all  but  one  of  whom  this  Deponent  believes  were  Purchasers, 
and  not  original  Grantees. 

n.  Tluit  l)y  far  the  greater  Part  of  the  Settlers  at  this  Day  which  this  Deponent  believes  are  at 
least  Five  to  One  to  the  number  of  Settlers  at  that  Time,  are  purchasers  since  the  notification  of  the 
Determination  of  the  Boundary  at  very  small  Rates,  and  who  have  seated  themselves  there  under  the 
New  Hampshire  Grants  knowing  the  claim  of  tliis  Province,  and  his  Majesty's  Determination  afore- 
said, a  consideralile  nuiiilierof  whom  have  purchased  on  condition  never  to  pay  the  Purchase  Money 
except  the  New  Hampshire  Title  is  made  good  tliis  Deponent  having  been  witness  to  soiue  of  tliose 
Contracfs  himself.  And  that  many  of  them  have  settled  within  the  ancient  Grants  of  the  Province 
of  New  York,  well  knowing  at  the  Time  they  were  within  the  said  ancient  Grants,  and  against 
advice  given  them  to  the  Contrary  by  this  Deponent  and  others.  And  this  Deponent  saith  that  he 
dotli  not  know  that  any  one  Person  is  settled  on  the  Lands  granted  to  him  by  Governor  Wentworth. 

E.  That  within  a  Short  Time  after  tlie  notification  of  tlie  Ro)al  Determination  as  afsJ  the 
Inhabitants  iu  general  of  tiiat  Part  of  the  County  claiming  under  New  Hampshire  concluded  to  ke^p 


1 


m 


:\^  S.!' 


OONTRUVERSV    RF.SPKCTINO    THE    MEW    HAMPSIIIRK    GRANTS. 


417 


npnnd  mnintnin  tlie  Privileges  mentioned  in  tlieir  Grnnfs  from  New  ITiimpsliire,  nnd  not  to  «nhnilt 
to  any  Laws  Customs  or  usages  of  tlie  (loverninent  of  New  Vui  1;  imaiiiiiiiiK  tliis  would  sirt  rutin  n 
their  Pretensions,  wliicli  tliey  maintained  immng  otlier  Things  l>y  Deelnrnig  that  llie  Kin)j,s  (mlcr 
of  Council  of  20  July  17G4  was  not  of  sutlicient  Autliority.  And  acrordingly  tliey  clicse  select  men 
for  tlie  Townships  held  frequent  Town  Meetings  pursuant  to  their  Charters,  and  made  the  l,aws  of 
New  Hampshire  the  Rules  of  their  Conduct,  whicl        general  they  have  persislttl  in  ever  since. 

F.  And  tids  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  well  rememhers  to  have  heard  several  Persons  settlers 
in  tliat  Part  of  the  Country  al'oresaid  under  CJr.ints  of  New  llampsldre  declare  that  they  had  tied  up 
and  piddickly  whipped  one  Moore  who  was  sent  by  the  Proprietors  of  Prince  Town  patent  lo  setlie 
tliereon  under  the  New  York  Title,  and  accordiuR  to  the  best  of  his  Hemembiancc  they  at  the  same 
Time  threatned  to  serve  every  Person  in  the  like  manner  who  should  come  there  oji  the  like 
Errand. 

G.  That  he  has  always  understood  and  is  satisfled  that  it  is  true,  that  the  Prnprietois  under  N<'w 
York,  have  always  been  disposed  to  treat  the  Settlers  on  their  Lands  under  New  Hampshiie,  witli 
Tenderness,  and  to  give  them  better  Terms  tlian  to  other  Persons,  which  Tenderness  and  FoiIkhi'- 
ance  has  been  constantly  construed  by  the  settlers  to  arise  solely  from  tlie  Projjrietors  under  New 
York  doubting  the  validity  of  their  own  Title,  and  has  constantly  increased  the  spirit  of  oppositien 
in  the  settlers  under  New  Hampsliirc,  who  took  up  the  opinion  that  the  New  York  Proprietors  were 
afraid  to  bring  actions  against  them. 

//  That  tills  Deponents  Pnrcliases  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  have  been  saved  to  them  by 
the  Govcrnin'  of  New  York,  in  consequence  of  an  order  of  the  Governor  &  Council  of  the  22''  .May 
17()5,  a  Copy  of  which  this  Deponent  in  the  Summer  of  that  year  cairleil  up  into  tluit  C(.iinfiy 
together  with  orders  from  the  Surveyor  General  to  his  Deputy  Archil)alil  Campbell  ikjI  to  sui vey 
the  Possessions  of  all  tlie  settlers  under  New  Hampshire  witiiin  any  AVarrant  of  Survey  that  he  1  ad 
already  received,  or  should  thereafter  come  to  his  Hands  which  order  of  the  Council  this  Deponent 
made  public  among  those  Inhabitants,  and  endeavored  to  persuade  them  to  accejit  the  L'cnelils 
intended  tliem  thereby.  But  that  in  general  tliey  refused.  That  the  sdd  Archibald  Campbell  was 
then  making  Surveys  in  that  Part  of  the  Coiuitry  and  offered  to  several  Persons  in  the  Deponents 
Presence  to  survey  their  Possessions  and  divers  others  have  confessed  to  the  Deponent,  that  tlie  said 
Campbell  had  made  the  said  otfers  to  them,  but  all  of  (hem  except  this  Deponent  and  about  a  Dozen 
Persons  more  reiused  to  shew'  their  Boundaries,  or  take  any  notice  of  it  declaring  they  would  not 
consent  to  pay  the  Quit  Rent  reserved  by  the  New  York  Grants,  nor  put  themselves  to  any  I'urther 
charge  about  the  Title,  among  the  Persons  so  refusing  was  Isaiah  Carpenter,  against  whom  a  Recovery 
lias  been  lately  obtained  in  Ejectment,  wherein  Major  Small  a  reduced  officer  was  Lessor  of  tiie 
plaintiff",  in  whose  Grant  the  Possessions  of  the  said  Carpenter  was  situate. 

/.  That  this  Deponent  remembers  that  about  a  year  ago  nine  Ejectments  were  brought  under  New 
York  for  Lands  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  one  of  them  against  the  said  Isaiali  Car- 
penter, another  against  Justin  Olin,  who  had  settled  on  Major  Smalls  said  Grant,  knowing  it  was 
granted  to  Major  Small  having  purchased  under  New  Hampshire  since  the  passing  of  the  Majors 
Grant,  and  upon  Condition  not  to  pay  his  Purchase  Money  unless  his  Title  was  secured  to  him 
under  New  Hampshire.  Another  against  James  Breakenridge,  who  had  settled  on  ^Vallunlschack 
Patent,  Four  against  Persons  in  Prince  Town.  And  two  against  some  Persons  on  a  Grant  of  this 
Province  of  New  York  to  the  Rev'  Michael  Slaughter  a  reduced  Regimental  Chaplain.  That  there- 
upon the  Inhabitants  of  this  Part  of  the  Country  in  general  declared  these  suits  were  only  brought 
to  frighten  them,  and  that  they  never  would  be  tried. 


Vol.  it. 


63 


■     ^^li-::- 


I 


:li 


411 


CONTR0TCR9V    RUPICTINO   THE   NEW   HAMTSHIKR   OXAim. 


K.  Tlint  tills  Deponent  ntfended  tlie  Cirrnlt  Court  held  Inst  June  In  tlie  City  of  Albnny,  wlirn 
fiiur  of  tlicso  f'ji'cdnctilf*  were  trial,  viz'  tlmse  ii^'  James  Hrenkenridge  Sainiiel  Unse  one  ol'  tlie  jiriin  « 
TinvM  I)et"  Isiiiiili  Crtrj>eiiter,  Jusiali  Fuller  one  of  the  Inliahitunts  on  the  liniiit  to  l!e\''  M' 
SliMij(!iter — tliat  BrcakMiridge  made  no  Defence,  Ids  Possession  lieing  within  Twenty  miles  Iroin 
llndsons  lUver,  against  tlie  otiier  three  Verdicts  were  ioniid  hy  Special  Juries, on  Trials  that  apprared 
wholly  tiiir  to  this  Deponent,  and  to  some  of  the  leading  Persons  interested  under  New  Hampsldre, 
and  particularly  to  one  Bliss  Willuuj^hhy,  wlio  acted  there  as  Trustee  for  the  Nt-w  Hampshire  Claim- 
ants,— And  this  Deponent  well  rememhers  tliat  alter  the  said  Trials  some  of  tlie  Difiiul'*  and  many 
other  of  the  leading  People  luuler  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire,  went  to  gome  of  the  Propri«fors 
tinder  New  York,  tlien  in  Allmny,  owned  tiieir  Title  to  he  good  confessed  their  moderation,  and 
declared  tliey  coidd  only  hlamu  tlie  Goverinnent  of  New  Hampsldre  for  granting  their  lands,  and 
themselves  lor  contending  against  the  New  York  Proprietors. 

L.  That  many  of  tiie  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire  in  consequence  of  these  Trials  proposetl 
settling  their  Dispute  with  tlu^  New  York  Proprietors;  hut  the  writs  of  Possession  hoinjr  delayed, 
they  in  general  clianged  their  ndnds,  and  declared  the  New  York  i'ropriet<irs  dared  not  to  serve 
them — and  from  the  common  and  pnhlic  Conversation  of  those  Iniiahitants  it  was  manifest  to  this 
Deponent  that  they  had  conlederated  to  support  eacli  other  hy  Force  of  Arms. 

M.  That  ahout  the  Beginning  of  January  last  the  Sherilf  of  Alhany  as  tliis  Deponent  hatli  under- 
stood in  the  neighlunirhood,  and  verily  believes,  came  to  execute  writs  of  Possession  lor  the  F.irms 
recovered  in  the  said  Ejectments,  and  tliat  he  was  resisted  hy  a  innnher  of  armed  men,  who  l>y  Force 
prevented  entirely  his  serving  his  writs  on  the  Possessions  of  Breakenridge  mid  Fuller,  and  tliat 
he  returned  to  Albany  without  executing  them — and  that  this  Dep(ment  has  in  like  manner  been 
intbrmed  and  believes  that  the  next  day  tliereufter  the  Sheriffs  Deptity  e'^ecnted  the  processes  on 
the  Farm  of  Samuel  Hose  and  Isaiali  Carpenter  but  not  witliout  a  violent  H(  sistance  by  a  nundier 
of  armed  Men. 

JV.  And  this  Deponent  saith  that  he  has  never  heard  of  any  other  Ejectments  being  brcuglit  (br 
any  Lands  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Moinitains  under  New  Hampsldre,  except  one  ag»  one  Col- 
vin,  which  was  served,  but  not  fnrtlier  prosecuted 

0.  That  the  Deponent  is  acquainted  in  general  with  nil  the  InludMtants  of  the  Lands  formerly 
claimed  by  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  side  of  the  Green  M.inntains  from  the  Line  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  to  the  most  Northern  Settlements  and  knows  not  of  one  Peison  among  them  who 
served  in  his  Majestj  s  Begular  Forces  at  any  Time  wliatsoever,  and  that  very  few  of  them  ever 
served  in  any  of  the  provincial  Forces. 

P.  And  tiiis  Deponent  fnrtlier  saitii  that  soon  after  the  present  Governor  of  Now  Hampshire  arrived 
in  that  Government  the  Inliabitnnts  of  tlie  Lands  granted  under  New  Hampshire  in  the  Neighbour- 
hood of  tlie  Deponent,  were  animated  with  Hopes  tliat  tiie  Royal  order  of  2'J">  J idy  17(j'4  niiglit 
be  rescinded — That  messengers  frequently  from  his  arrival  as  aforesaid  hitlierlo  have  been  sent  by 
them  to  Portsmouth  to  liim,  and  always  returned  witli  Encouragements  to  the  People,  that  he  would 
soon  get  them  annexed  to  Now  llampsliire,  and  this  Deponent  is  well  assured  that  if  they  had  not 
received  Encouragements  froiii  the  s''  Governor  Wentworth,  tliey  would  in  genei'al  long  since  have 
submitted  to  the  Laws  and  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  and  the  Disputes  concerning 
Titles  have  been  at  an  End — That  sometliing  above  a  year  ago  a  Petition  was  carried  about  for 
subscription,  in  the  In1iai)ited  Parts  of  the  Country  witliin  this  Province  Ibrnierly  claimed  by  New 
Hampshire,  addressed  to  tlie  present  Governor  of  that  Province,  requesting  his  assistance  in  obtaining 
the  annexing  that  Country  to  New  Hampshire  wbicli  measure  was  commonly  understood  by  tiie  said 
Inhabitants  in  the  Deponents  neighbourhood,  to  have  been  undertaken  by  the  Instigation  of  Governor 


COMTHOVKHBY    Ml 


HK.  NSW    MAMriJblIRE  CRAMTI. 


411 


W  tl'lU'. 

•••-H  carrj' 
11 J  repoitt 


.litnut  ill     ,« 
(here  tu  have 


il'ovci-     itiont'd  of  Ills 


Wt'ntwnrth  nnd  to  have  beoii  drirnii  at  Pi^rHifno  '\  arn  .ipfifovt  of  liy  liiiu  btfore  it  cir<iil«««d  f.  * 
sul>!tcii|ili()ii  as  afoi'i'saiil  ul' wliluli  bfSiiUs  tli»>  <  anion  K('|ii  alKniiiiciiliuiii-d  tills  L>*-(x  i  (>||t  ,g 
IxTii  iiiluitueil  by   Sainiu'l  Ilubiiisoti  who  wii^         <   GuviriU'     VVctitMOiHt  ^t  l'oi'liiiu'"uiii  ,  .it 

occasion,  as  lie  iiifonuc«l  tills  Dqiuiitnt,  and  \\\m     Im*'  Dv|m<i      i  b«'li«(v< 

Q.  Tiiat  tills  last  Fall  auittiier  I'i'tllioii  adilrcsst'd   tu   liis  iri'ijcst)  I 
De))oiitnts  nei^iibuiiriiood  as  lie  understands  and  believes,  wliicli  is  geii> 
been  done  by  tlie  advice  oC  Governor  Weiitwortli. 

I{.  And  tills  Deponent  furtiier  saitii  tliat  at  tiie  time  of  tlie  iiotific.iti 
Majestys  Deterniinatiou  of  tlie  said  Boundary,  the  two  Suiitiieiiiiost  Townsiilps  weit  ,ii.  .re  cultivated 
tliaii  any  otiier  of  tlie  New  llaniiisliiie  Grants  to  the  Westward  of  the  Gieeii  Mountains,  and  even 
witliresiiect  to  tliose  tlie  Cultivation  was  exceeding  small,  tliat  the  loin-  Townships  to  the  Nortliward 
of  those  last  mentioned,  had  hardly  any  Inhabilanls  and  the  cleariiiij;  ixiy  Part  of  them  for  Culti- 
vation was  but  scarcely  begun,  that  the  Towns  still  tu  th«  Xorthwanl  had  no  Inhabitants,  and  tliat 
at  tiat  Time  the  Lands  aloresaid  tu  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Monnlain!=  not  one  part  in  Two 
Tlu'Usand  had  had  any  Labor  bestowed  on  them  and  that  at  this  Day  tlie  Improvement  &  Culti* 
Tatioa  on  the  whole  of  the  said  Tract,  is  iu  coiuparison  willt  its  magnitude  veiy  inconsiderable. 

EUKNKZEU  CULE. 

Sworn  this  ST""  Day  of  February  ) 
Before  me.  \ 

Dan:  Horsmanden. 


1771 


Jl.  City  of  New  York  ss.  John  Ml'nroe  of  Fowlis  in  the  County  of  Alliany,  Esquire,  one  of 
liis  Miijestys  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  said  Comity  being  duly  sworn  malteth  Oath,  t!int  he  lives 
on  the  East  side  of  Hudsons  llivcr  about  seventeen  miles  Distant  from  tlie  said  River,  as  the  Surveyor 
employed  by  him  lately,  to  measure  the  Distance  to  that  Uiver  informed  him  that  he  began  to  liuild 
there  neifr  four  years  ago,  and  has  resided  there  near  three  years.  Tliat  tlie  Deponents  House  stands 
within  the  Bounds  of  a  Tract  of  Land  called  Shaftsbury  said  to  have  been  granted  by  the  late  Gov- 
ernor of  New  Hampshire. 

B.  That  this  Deponent  is  well  acquainted  with  the  Country  thereabouts,  and  verily  believes  that 
since  he  has  lived  there,  the  number  of  Settlers  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  to  the  Nortliward 
of  this  Deponents  Habitation  have  increased  at  least  tliree  fold — And  Jrom  the  General  Accoinits  lie 
has  received  in  that  neighboiU'hood  he  is  well  satisfied  that  since  tlie  Notification  of  his  Majesty's 
order  in  Council  of  20  July  17G4  those  settlers  have  increased  at  least  live  Fold,  and  that  they  are 
from  all  the  Information  he  has  received  Purchasers  Ibr  very  small  Considerations  and  not  patentees 
and  that  many  of  them  have  purchased  the  New  Hampshire  Titles  to  Liinds  which  jit  the  Time  of 
the  Purchases  they  knew  bad  been  granted  by  the  Government  of  New  York,  and  particularly  that 
such  Purchases  have  been  made  by  about  Ten  Persons  in  a  Grant  made  by  the  said  Government  of 
New  York  to  Duncan  M": Vicar  a  reduced  officer  by  virtue  of  his  Majestys  Proclamation  of  the  7H» 
October  17C3,  who  have  seated  themselves  in  the  said  Lands  and  still  hold  Possession  under  the 
New  Hampshire  Grant. 

C.  That  ever  since  this  Deponent  has  lived  in  that  Country  many  of  the  Inhabitants  have  showed 
a  Disposition  of  not  obeying  tlie  Laws  of  New  York  or  submitting  to  its  Jurisdiction  and  that  in 
general  tliey  liave  regulated  themselves  by  the  Laws  of  New  Hampshire,  and  the  Charters  granted 
by  the  late  Governor  Wentworth,  in  order  as  this  Deponent  liath  always  understood,  the  more  easy 


■*.c^ 


r 


(. 


':, 


420 


CONTROVERIY    KE■PCCTi^O   THR   NEW    IIAMrtlllIRE   ORANTI. 


to  Iirln£»  nbout  tlie  nnnoxliin;  tlmt  Country  to  New  Hii)iij>sliirp,  nml  the  rmillrmntlon  of  tlie  Grants 
of  tliat  Goveinnu'iit,  Tlmt  tht-y  nccimlhigly  liuvo  cliosua  select  men  &  ntlier  ollicers,  k  liehl  Town 
nieetliiujs  piirMiuiiit  to  tlie  siiid  cliartets. 

I).  Anil  tills  Deponent  Ciirtlier  saltli  tlmt  lie  was  present  at  tlic  Riot  and  Opposition  made  on  the 
19  of  October  17C9  to  the  Commissioners  ami  Surveyor  in  tlie  rnrtltion  of  Fart  <it  Wallumscliack 
Piileiit,  That  he  lias  perused  the  sev»  ral  DeposllionM  of  Tlioiiiiis  lliiii  Jolin  II  Hh-eeker  and  I'eter 
l.aiisiiiu;h  the  CoiniiiissioiuMs,  eontaiiiiiin  an  aeeiJiuit  of  that  ol)struetion  and  that  the  Fa<'ts  therein 
meiitioiii'd  as  lar  as  they  rtlato  to  the  Uinlous  Hehavli>r  on  tliat  Day  Is  true,  That  this  Deponent  is 
tlie  Magistrate  meiitioMed  In  tliese  allldavits  That  this  Deponent  read  to  the  Rioters,  the  Riot  Act, 
and  oommaiided  them  in  his  ninjesty's  name  to  disperse,  Imt  neitlier  that  nor  his  Persuasions  to  them 
]iad  any  Kll'eet,  until  they  liad  ol>lii;ed  the  Commissioners  to  desist. 

E.  And  this  Deponent  fiirtlier  saith  that  in  the  wlnter.of  the  year  1770,  by  Virtue  of  a  Law  of 
this  Province  he  issued  as  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  tlie  County  of  Albany,  on 
tlie  application  of  two  of  his  Majeslys  Sulijects  Process  against  four  Persons,  all  of  whom  tliis  Depo- 
nent iiiiderslaiids  live  on  the  Patent  of  VValliimscliack,  and  claim  l^aiids  there  ui'.ile/  one  of  the  New 
llamps'iire  Grants  That  the  Constable  who  had  tlie  Charge  of  serving  these  Procesics  made  Return 
to  this  Deponent  in  wiilinn  which  lie  and  one  otlier  Person  made  Oath  bdoro  the  Deponent  and  a 
third  I'eison  wlio  wasa  (Quaker  atRrined  the  same  that  a  great  Number  of  Persons  settlers  lliereaboiits 
under  tlie  Grants  of  New  Ilampsldre  having  their  Faces  blacked,  and  otherwise  being  disguised 
assaulted  liim  in  the  Kvenin;!;  and  rescued  from  him  Moses  Robinson  whom  iie  liad  arrested  by 
virtue  of  one  of  f!ie  said  Precepts,  and  afterwards  while  ho  was  tlie  same  Kvening  in  pursuit  of  the 
Ptisoii  rescued  assaiiKed  him  again  in  the  lligliway,  that  he  in  his  Majesty's  Name  commanded  them 
to  disperse  and  surrender  up  his  Prisoner,  telling  them  they  were  acting  against  Law  that  thereupon 
they  damned  t!ie  Law  s  of  New  York,  and  said  they  bad  better  Laws  of  their  own,  and  finally  obliged 
tlie  said  Constahle  and  iiis  assistants  to  fly  for  tiieir  Lives. 

F.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  since  the  obstruction  given  to  the  Commissioners  as 
abovementioned  the  luiiTcrsal  Report  in  that  Ctmntry  liatli  been,  tliat  the  Claimants,  under  New 
llampsliire,  therealiouts,  had  in  general  contederated  to  resist  by  Force  of  Arms,  tlio  Executiou 
of  the  Laws  of  New  York  w hich  might  affect  their  Claims  tuider  New  Hampsliire  and  to  oppose 
in  like  manner  the  ai)pre!iending  of  any  of  them  for  any  olfences  relative  thereto. 

G.  And  this  Dejioiient  further  saith  that  on  the  Twenty  ninth  Day  of  November  last  to  this  De- 
ponents best  Remembrance  Henry  Ten  Eyck  E^m'  the  Slieritf  of  the  County  of  Albany  came  to 
this  Deponents  House  with  a  proclamation  of  his  Excellency  Lord  Dunmore  of  the  1"'  Nov'  last, 
by  which  the  said  Sheriff  was  C(.>inmaniled  to  apprehend  Silas  Robinson  and  others  for  a  second  Riot 
and  obstruction  to  the  Purtitiim  of  Wallumsliack  that  the  said  Slieritf  desired  this  Deponent  as  a 
magistrate  to  attend  on  that  service,  the  Sheriff  ajiprchending  violent  Resistance,  that  tliis  Deiionent 
went  with  him  kee[ting  the  woods  as  much  as  possible  to  prevent  being  discovered  to  the  House  of 
Ebenezer  Cole,  in  whom  this  Deponent  placed  Confidence,  that  the  said  Cole  and  his  son  informed 
them  that  the  Peojjle  of  Bennington  expected  the  Sheriff,  and  were  under  arms,  as  tliey  had  been 
informed  by  many  People  passing  the  Road,  and  one  of  them  advised  this  Deponent  not  to  go, 
That  nevertheless  this  Deponent  the  said  Slieriff  and  his  Deputy  went  to  the  Nortl'ern  Bounds  of 
Bennington  where  the  said  Silas  Robinson  dwelt,  and  apprehended  him  at  his  own  Door,  and  imme- 
diately by  the  advice  of  the  Depiment  to  prevent  a  Rescue,  immediately  proceeded  back  for  tlie 
City  of  Albany,  by  the  same  road  they  had  come,  tho'  the  nearest  Itoad  lay  thro  Pennington,  which 
they  thought  it  not  prudent  to  follow,  understanding  the  Rioters  were  assendded  about  the  House  of 
one  Stephen  Fay  in  the  Town. — That  the  same  Evening  they  lodged  with  their  prisoner  at  tlie 


COMTROVCUV    HMPLCTINO    TIIC    NEW    HAMpaillllE   CHANTS 


421 


j 


Hniiso  of  Cnptnin  Cornelius  Vhu  Ness  (itSanchoick  Thnt  tDwaiils  monilnff  tlu>  House  was  snrrniindfd 
by  a  number  of  uiint-tl  men  ulxmt  Forty  us  tiiis  Depont-iit  litis  liceii  Intiii-meit — Tliiit  tills  DeiMniiiit 
usked  tlieiii  what  tliey  wanted  and  was  answered  lliey  demanded  Silas  Itobinson  lortliwltii  and  that 
they  would  have  him. — That  the  Persons  in  the  House  jnepared  lur  nt-reiiee,and  tliis  Deiionent  sent 
a  Lnd  whom  he  put  out  of  tlio  window  seorelly,  to  call  the  neiij;hhoiU's  to  their  assistance,  this  beinn; 
an  old  settlement  That  tills  DeiMUient  told  the  Rioters  that  11'  they  wished  themselves  well,  they  had 
better  go  of!",  That  nevertheless  they  remained  til  Dawn  ot  Day,  this  Deimnent  ex|iettino(  every 
minute  that  they  would  force  the  H'liise.  At  I.engtii  as  Day  aiipinached  they  went  o|f  discliar^;iiin 
tiicir  arms,  and  soon  after  the  Sherilf  proeeided  with  ids  I'risoner,  this  Deponent  liavhi);  ])rocured 
1dm  a  party  to  escort  him  until  lie  was  out  of  Dan(j;er. 

//.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  he  remembers  nine  Ejectments  were  brouglit  l)y  the 
Proprietors  under  New  York  against  the  settlers  under  New  Hampshire — against  Samuel  Hose  an«l 
three  otlicrs  in  Prince  Town — Isaiali  Carpenter  and  Justin  Ollin  on  a  Tract  Granted  in  New  York 
to  Major  Small  a  reduced  ollicer,  James  RreakeniUige  in  Wallumsehack  Patent,  and  against  two  other 
Persons  on  n  Tract  of  Land  granted  to  Hev**  Micliael  Shmghter  a  Reduced  liegimentnl  riiaplain. 
That  soon  after  this  Deponent  heard  freriuent  accounts  that  the  claimants  und-  impshlre, 

declared  the  New  York  Proprietors  would  never  bring  them  to  Trial — and  .  j  were  oidy 

brought  to  frighten  them  info  an  agreement,  but  that  they  were  determined  to  mi  Terms  with 

the  New  Yovk  Proprletois. 

7.  That  this  Deponent  attended  the  Circuit  Court  last  Summer  at  Albany,  wi  four  of  these 
causes  were  tried.  That  Breakciuidge  made  no  D  fence,  and  that  on  the  three  other  verdicts  were 
found  by  Special  Juries  for  the  J'laintiH's.  That  these  verdicts  were  to  the  g  i  erul  satisfaction  of 
the  Country,  ns  well  as  to  many  of  the  leading  men  among  the  New  Hampiidre  Claimants — this 
Deponent  having  heard  Bliss  Willoughby  who  was  their  Agent  Ibr  Sliaftsbiuy  and  many  others  own 
the  Invalidity  of  their  own  Claim  under  New  Hampshire,  and  acknowledge  they  did  not  suspect  the 
New  York  claims  was  so  good. 

H.  That  upon  this  Deponents  return  home  from  the  said  trials,  and  for.  some  time  thereafter,  he 
found  the  claimants  under  New  Hampshire  in  his  neighborhood  fond  of  coming  to  a  settlement  with 
the  proprietors  under  New  York,  but  that  al'terwards  repeated  encouragements  being  received  in 
that  Quarter  from  the  present  Governor  of  New  Hampsldre  as  the  Universal  Report  was  in  that 
Part  of  the  Country,  and  which  the  Deponent  believes  to  be  true,  they  would  hold  their  Lands 
under  the  New  Hampshire  Titles  tuitil  they  were  defeated  in  England  and  that  soon  thereafter  a 
Petition  was  handed  about  in  his  neighborliond  as  tliis  Deponent  has  understood  and  believes  for 
subscription  in  Pursuance  of  some  plan  that  had  l)een  fallen  upcm,  to  annex  these  Lands  to  New  Hamp- 
shire, but  to  whom  the  Petition  was  addressed,  or  what  were  its  Contents  this  Deponent  knows  not. 

/..  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  in  the  month  ot  December  last,  he  frequently  heard  it 
had  been  given  out  in  his  Neighborliood  by  the  Claimants  under  New  Hampsldr-^,  that  the  Plaintiffs 
in  the  above  mentioned  Causes  in  Ejectment  tried  as  aforesaid  durst  not  serve  the  writs  of 
possession. 

^1/.  That  about  the  Fifth  Day  of  January  last,  the  Sheritf  of  Albany  with  one  of  his  Deputies 
and  another  person  in  his  Company  came  to  this  Deponents  House  and  this  Deponent  having  some 
short  time  before  seen  the  said  Sheriff  in  Albany  with  Writs  of  Possession  in  his  Hands,  in  the  lour 
Actions  of  Ejei  rrtient  tried  at  Albany  as  aforesaid  the  said  Sheriff  now  told  him  he  had  been  trying 
to  execute  two  of  them,  against  James  Breakiin-idge,  and  Josiah  Fuller  above  mentioned,  but  that 
he  was  opposed  by  a  Number  of  armed  men  who  had  shut  themselves  up  in  tlie  Defendants  Houses, 
and  threatened  to  blow  his  brains  out  if  he  prow'eded,  which  as  the  Sheriff  informed  the  Deponent 


« 


u 


422 


CONTROVERSY    UKSPKCTINO    THE   ^£W   HAMFSHIRK  GRANTS 


l"H'v»  iitfd  liis  executing  either  of  tliera  Tliat  the  said  Sheriff  went  the  next  Day  for  Albany  declar 
11115  '''>"  liiisiiiess  oiiliged  liiiii  to  Ije  tliere,  the  County  Court  coming  on  very  soon.  Tliat  he  left  liis 
Dt'lMiiyat  t!ie  Deponents  House  \vit!i  tlie  Writs  of  Possession  against  Samuel  Rose  and  Isaiah  Car- 
jit  iiff  I-.  That  on  Momlay  the  Seventli  of  Jnuuary  last  tlie  said  Deputy  Slieritf  with  tliis  Deponent 
mid  Twelve  other  men  wliom  llie  Deponent  liad  procured  to  aid  tlic  Deputy  Siieriff  who  feared  alike 
violent  llesistance,  proceeded  to  tlie  House  of  tlie  said  Isaiah  Carpenter  in  order  to  serve  the  said 
writ  of  possession  against  him — That  wlien  they  came  there  they  found  the  House  shut  up,  tlio'  it 
was  early  in  tlie  Morning — Tiiat  the  Sheriff  knocked  at  the  door  and  declared  his  Business,  upon 
wiiich  the  said  Isaiali  Carpenter  threatened  to  blow  out  the  brains  of  any  Person  who  should 
attempt  to  take  possession — Tiiat  the  Deponent  tried  to  persuade  tiie  said  Isaiah  Carpenter  to  open 
the  door  and  not  resist  the  Execution  of  tlie  Laws,  but  without  EH'ect — Tliat  tliereupon  the  Sheriff 
and  his  Party  proceeded  to  break  into  the  House,  whicli  being  elfected  in  an  Instant,  this  Deponent 
jumped  in  and  seized  the  said  Carpenter  with  his  Gun  in  his  Hand  ready  to  fire,  the  Sheriff  and  the 
rest  of  his  Party  following  this  Deponent — That  they  found  two  other  men  in  the  said  House  Claim- 
ants under  New  Hampshire,  and  two  more  Guns  in  the  Corner  of  the  Room,  one  of  them  loaded  with 
powder  &  Bullets,  and  the  other  with  Powder  and  kidney  Beans — That  as  soon  as  full  possession 
was  gained,  it  liaving  by  the  Attorney  lor  the  Plaintiff  been  signified  to  the  Deponent  that  he  might 
do  as  he  pleased  with  the  said  Carpenter  and  this  Deponent  being  assured,  the  Proprietor  would 
be  pleased  with  iiis  Shewing  the  Defendant  Tenderness  this  Deponent  put  the  said  Carpenter  imme- 
diately into  Posjcssion  again,  on  his  giving  Bond  either  to  agree  with  Major  Small  for  the  Lands,  by 
the  first  day  of  May  next,  or  on  failure  thereof  to  surrender  up  the  Possession  on  demand: 

.V.  That  after  this  on  tlie  same  day  this  Deponent  with  the  said  Deputy  Sheriff,  and  another  went  to 
serve  the  writ  of  Possession  against  the  said  Samuel  Rose  and  on  the  road  picked  up  two  otlier 
men  whom  they  took  along  with  them  to  assist  them — That  the  Sheriff  went  on  belbre  and  got  into  the 
said  House  the  Persons  therein  not  knowing  he  was  the  Slieriff^But  by  this  Time  the  neighbour- 
ing Inhabitants  having  discovered  them  this  Deponent  observed  a  great  Number  of  Persons  making 
towards  the  House — That  thereupon  this  Deponent  and  one  of  the  Persons  with  him  made  their  best 
way  to  the  House,  which  they  found  shut  and  was  refused  admittance — And  about  this  Time  the 
Sherilf  in  the  House  having  discovered  himself  was  as  he  informed  the  Deponent  attacked  by  a 
man  with  an  axe,  but  a  young  woman  interposed,  and  thereupon  the  Sheriff  opened  the  Door,  and 
this  Deponent  went  in. 

0.  That  as  soon  as  Possession  was  gained  here  the  defend' being  from  home.  Possession  was  restored 
to  His  Wife  and  Family  by  the  Direction  of  one  of  the  Proprietors,  on  condition  that  it  should  be 
held  >mder  them — tliat  the  said  Isaiah  Carpenter  has  since  voluntarily  gone  off  his  Farm,  and  that 
Samuel  Rose  still  is  in  Possession  of  liis. 

P.  That  this  Complainant  lias  never  heard  of  any  other  Ejectment  brought  ag'  any  of  the  Claim- 
ants under  New  Hampshire,  except  two  lately  sent  up  to  be  served  under  his  Direction  and  which 
he  is  certain  are  not  yet  served,  and  one  Ejectment  some  time  since  brought  against  one  Colvin, 
which  tlio  served,  this  Deponent  hath  understood  and  believes  was  no  farther  pr()secut«'d. 

Q.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  hath  never  heard  that  any  one  Person  claimants  of 
Lands  inider  New  Hampshire  hath  been  in  Prison,  in  any  suits  l)rouglit  against  him  by  iiny  of  the 
New  York  Proprietors,  or  for  any  other  matter  than  lor  Criminal  ollences,  and  fiir  debt  due  to 
other  Persons,  Ami  this  Depon'  verily  believes  that  no  such  Thing  coiild  have  happened  to  any  of 
t'le  settlers  to  the  Westward  of  t!ie  (ireeii  Mountains,  without  his  hearing  of  it. 

Sworn  this  27"'  Day  of  February  1771  Before  me,  John  Mlnro. 

Dan  :  Hghsmanuen. 


r: 


OONTROTBRSY    RESPECTING    THC   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


423 


A.  City  of  New  York  ss:  Simon  Stevens  an  Inhabitant  of  the  Township  of  Charles  Town  in 
the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  and  at  present  one  of  the  Members  of  the  General  Assembly  or 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  said  Province,  raaketh  oath  upon  the  Holy  Evangelists  and  saith, 
Tliat  very  soon  after  M'  Wentwortli  tlie  present  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  arrived  from  England 
as  Governor  of  tliat  Province,  lie  liad  conversation  witli  liim,  in  wiiicli  he  inquired  of  the  Deponent 
concerning  the  Temper  of  tlie  People  on  tiie  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  upon  their  being  sub- 
jected to  tlie  Jurisdiction  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  That  he  intimated  tliat  he  could  easily 
have  procured  their  being  again  comprehended  under  New  Hampsliire,  if  they  had  written  to  him 
while  he  was  in  England  tor  tliat  Purpose. 

B.  Tliat  he  expressed  his  inclination  that  some  measures  should  be  taken,  to  excite  them  to  procure 
a  Change  of  Government. 

C.  That  lie  proposed  to  promote  Petitions  from  tlie  People  to  accomplish  that  End,  and  asked 
the  Deponent  if  he  would  be  concerned  in  facilitating  and  circulating  a  Petition  of  tliat  kind. 
That  ilic  Deponent  refused  to  be  concerned  in  any  such  measures.  That  the  said  Governor  has  broke 
the  same  subject  to  the  Deponent  at  several  Times  since,  Declaring  tliat  if  the  People  could  be 
Induced  to  sign  Petitions,  it  would  be  easy  as  he  conceived  to  procure  an  order  for  extending  the 
Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  across  the  River,  so  as  to  include  them  within  that  Government. 

D.  That  in  the  fall  of  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty  nine,  there  was  a  Petition 
to  the  King,  carried  about  among  the  Inhabitants  of  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  praying  to 
be  subjected  to  New  Hampsliire,  which  the  Deponent  believes  was  drawn  by  Mf  Wentworth  himself, 
the  Sentiments  being  similar  to  what  tlie  Deponent  has  frequently  heard  him  deliver  in  Language 
very  similar  to  wliat  he  used. 

That  this  Petition  was  promoted  by  Nathan  Stone,  who  has  lately  been  very  active  against  the 
Jurisdiction  of  New  York. 

That  the  Deponent  has  also  seen  an  attested  Copy  of  another  Petition  to  his  Majesty,  of  the  like 
Import  witli  tliat  above  mentioned,  which  has  been  lately  circulated  in  that  County,  and  wliich  he 
also  fur  the  Reasons  above  mentioned  believes  was  drawn  by  the  said  Governor. 

E.  That  the  Deponent  has  known  Lands  granted  under  New  Hampshire  on  the  East  side  of  Con- 
necticut River,  to  be  regranted  to  other  Persons  for  Default  of  the  first  Patentees  in  not  settling  the 
same,  and  that  without  any  office  being  first  found.  And  tlie  Deponent  also  saitli  That  it  is  very 
common  in  that  Government  to  grant  Shares  and  Interests  in  Patents  for  the  Benefit  of  the  Governor 
and  some  of  his  Council,  whose  Proportions  of  the  Fees  are  born  by  the  other  Patentees. 

F.  And  this  Dept)nent  further  saith,  that  for  many  Years  last  past  he  has  been  well  acquainted  with 
the  Lands  formerly  claimed  by  New-llampsliire,  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  tliat  he  well 
remembers  that  Governor  Cuklens  Proclamation  of  i!8''>  Dec'"  17G3,  and  the  ProehimMtiniis  of  Gov- 
ernor Colden  and  the  late  Governor  Wentwortli,  notiiying  the  Kings  Determination  of  the  Boundary 
between  tlu'  said  Governments  were  all  public  in  Print  of  that  Country.  That  at  the  Time  last 
mentioned  there  were  very  few  Settlers  to  the  Eastward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  claiming  under 
New  Hampshire,  this  Deponent  believes  there  were  not  seventy  Families,  and  those  were  scattered 
ill  about  a  Dozen  Townships  on  that  River,  and  the  Chief  of  tjiem  in  Brattleborough,  Westminster, 
Piiltue}'  and  Rockingham,  and  that  in  all  the  rest  of  the  numerous  Tracts  granted  by  New  Hamp- 
shire, from  the  North  Bounds  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  on  Connecticut  River,  Northward  and  North- 
westward, to  the  farthest  extent  of  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  side  of  the  said  River, 
there  was  not  at  that  Time  one  Inhabitant  this  Deponent  verily  believes,  having  frequently  been  over 
that  Coiuitry,  and  was  at  that  Time  and  yet  is  well  acquainted  witli  it. 


l^ 


i 


K 
U 


<i 


424 


CONTROVKHSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


, 


!     r 


That  the  greater  Part  of  those  Settlers  were  purchasers  for  very  small  Considerations,  and  not 
original  Patentees  of  New  Hampshire. 

That  at  tliat  time  the  Degree  of  Cultivation  even  in  the  Tracts  that  had  inhabitants  was  exceedingly 
inconsidc'ral)le. 

G.  That  since  that  Time  tliis  Deponent  verily  believes  the  Settlers  in  that  Country,  liave 
increased  Ten  Ibid  under  the  Claims  of  New  Hampshire,  and  tliat  they  are  almost  altogetlier  Pur- 
chasors  of  the  New  Hampshire  Titles  at  a  very  small  consideration,  and  tills  Deponent  believes 
they  settled  tlicre  in  general,  expecting  tliey  should  be  obliged  to  obtain  New  Grants  under  tlie 
Province  of  New  York — That  by  nujch  the  greater  part  of  tiiis  Country  is  claimed  under  New 
Hampshire  by  Persons  wlio  have  never  attempted  a  Settlement  thereof.  That  even  at  tliis  Day  this 
Deponent  does  not  know  one  Tract  that  is  settled  and  improved  according  to  the  Terni><  expressed 
in  tlie  New  Hampsliire  Letters  Patent,  and  tliat  but  a  few  .of  the  Tracts  grunted  by  the  late  Governor 
Wentworth  there,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  his  Grants,  have  to  this  Day  any  Inhabitants,  or 
been  in  any  Degree  Cultivated. 

//.  That  by  the  Law  of  New  Hampshire  every  Township  chooses  annually  select  men,  and  a 
variety  of  other  pnblice  officers,  and  are  authorized  to  hold  Town  meetings,  all  which  are  on  the 
Plan  of  the  like  Regulations  in  the  Province  of  the  Mussacliusetts  Bay.  That  the  Public  Taxes 
are  levied  by  Warrant  from  the  select  men. 

/.  Tiiat  the  Deponent  is  acriuaiuted  with  the  Lots  granted  to  Lieutenant  Ethringtoh  a  reduced 
officer  in  Wethersfield  and  Springfield  that  these  were  Lots  reserved  by  the  late  Governor  Weiit- 
wurtli  for  himself  as  was  his  usual  Custom,  that  besides  tiiest;  this  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of 
any  Lands  to  the  East  of  the  Green  Mountains  being  granted  by  tlie  Government  of  New  York, 
that  were  comprized  in  any  of  M'  Wentwortlis  Patents. 

K.  That  this  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of  any  Ejectments,  or  any  other  action  being  brought 
by  any  Person  claiming  under  New  York,  against  any  Person  Inhabiting  to  the  Eastward  of  the 
Green  Mountains  in  that  Country,  nor  of  any  Person  tliere  being  imprisoned  except  for  Criminal 
offences,  and  some  few  in  suits  brought  by  the  Inhabitants  there  against  each  other,  and  this  De^jo- 
nent  is  satisfied  that  no  such  Events  could  have  happened  without  liis  hearing  of  them. 

L.  That  this  Deponent  does  not  know  or  believe,  that  any  one  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  that  Coun- 
try was  a  Soldier  in  his  Majestys  Regular  Forces  at  any  Time  during  the  last  War,  but  that  a  few 
of  them  served  as  Rangers. 

J\[.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  since  his  Majestys  Determination  of  the  Boundary  as 
aforesaid,  many  of  the  Townships  within  the  Province  of  New  York  to  the  Eastward  of  the  Green 
Mountains  have  continued  to  regulate  themselves,  and  to  elect  their  Town  Officers  and  levy  their 
Town  Taxes  in  Conformity  to  the  New  Hampshire  Patents,  and  the  Laws  of  that  Province,  and  not 
agreeable  to  the  Laws  of  New  York,  which  have  not  been  the  Rule  of  their  Conduct — And  this  Depo- 
nent understands  and  believes  from  tlie  general  Conversations,  that  this  hath  been  done  to  facilitate 
tlie  annexing  of  this  Country  to  New  Hampshire. 

X.  That  about  two  years  ago,  in  a  Conversation  this  Deponent  had  witli  tlie  present  Governor 
Wentworth  he  said  to  this  Deponent,  that  he  the  Governor  should  advise  the  Peojile  there  to  regulate 
themselves  according  to  their  Grants' from  New  Hampshire,  that  he  did  not  know  a  better  Rule  lliey 
had  to  go  by  ;  that  he  did  not  douht  if  they  would  be  at  any  Pains  in  Sollieitations,  but  that  the  Lands 
might  be  got  back  to  New  Hampshire,  that  they  had  he  thought  been  very  slack  in  it,  and  that 
he  would  advise  the  People  to  go  on  settling  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  or  words  to  that 
Effect. 

0.  And  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  for  moi"  than  two  years  past,  (he  People  between  the 


CONTROVERSY    UESPF.CTINU   THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


425 


Green  Arountains  and  Connecticut  River,  have  been  continually  encouraged  to  extend  their  settle- 
ments under  the  Claim  of  New  Hampshire  and  to  believe  that  this  Country  woidd  soon  be  annexed 
to  tliat  Government,  which  Encouragement  by  tlie  universal  Repor  among  them,  came  from  Time 
to  Time  from  Governor  Wentworth,  and  whicli  tliis  Deponent  believes  to  be  true,  and  tliis  Deponent 
is  fully  sensible  that  had  it  not  been  lor  tiiose  Encoiu-agements  all  opposition  to  the  Government  of 
New  \ork  would  long  since  have  l)cen  at  an  End. 

P.  And  tliis  Deponent  further  saith,  tliat  he  hath  always  understood  and  believes,  that  the  late 
Governor  Wentworth  granted  all  the  Lands  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  without  the 
advice  of  his  Council  for  granting  the  respective  Tracts  ;  that  he  hath  understood  tliat  before  he 
made  any  Grants,  he  obtained  a  general  advice  of  his  Council  for  granting  his  Majesty's  Lands. 
And  this  Deponent  saith  that  he  was  concerned  in  one  of  Mr.  Wentworths  Patents  for  Lands  on  tlie 
West  side  of  Connecticut  River,  and  is  very  certain  he  liad  not  the  advice  of  his  Council  for  issuing 
tliat  Patent  furtlier  than  the  general  advice  above  mentioned. 

Q.  Tliat  the  nearest  Part  of  tills  Country  to  Portsmouth  in  New  Hampshire  is  one  hundred  and 
Twenty  miles  as  the  Road  goes,  which  tliis  Deponent  thinks  cannot  be  shortened  more  than  Ten 
miles,  and  that  the  easiest,  most  convenient  and  cheapest  way,  to  the  City  of  New  York,  from  all 
that  country  is  by  Albany  and  so  down  Hudsons  River,  without  passing  out  of  the  Province  of 

New  York. 

Simon  Stevens. 
Sworn  this  Second  Day  of  March  1771  Before  me. 

Dan  :  Horsmanden. 


' 


City  of  New  York  ss.  SAMiiKi.  Wei.ls  of  Brattlelwrough  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the 
Province  of  New  York  Esquire,  one  of  the  Judges  of  the  Inlerior  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  and  one 
of  his  Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  said  County  being  duly  sworn  raaketh  oath  that  he  has 
resided  at  Brattleborough  aforesaid  ever  since  the  month  of  Jidy  1762,  having  before  that  time 
purchased  some  Lands  under  the  Letters  Patent  of  the  late  Governor  Wentworth,  for  the  said  Tract 
called  Brattleborough,  and  which  purchase  liath  been  since  confirmed  to  him  by  a  Grant  from  the 
Government  of  New  York. 

B.  That  very  soon  after  Governor  Coldens  Proclamation  asserting  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province 
of  New  York  in  that  Country,  it  was  Public  there  being  fixed  up  in  Print  in  Divers  Places,  and 
that  soon  after  the  issuing  of  the  Proclamations  by  tlie  Gcjvernments  of  New  Hampshire  and  New 
York,  notifying  his  Majesty's  Determination  of  the  Boundary  between  these  two  Governments  of  the 
20">  of  July  1764  in  Council,  the  same  were  Public  in  that  Country  being  printed  in  the  Public 
News  Papei-s. 

C.  That  at  the  time  of  the  notification  of  his  Majesty's  said  order  in  Council,  the  Country  in  the 
Province  of  New  York  to  the  Eastward  of  the  Green  Mountains  had  very  few  Inhabitants  and  that 
these  were  scattered  among  about  a  Dozen  Towns  on  or  near  Connecticut  River,  and  this  Deponent 
believes  that  at  that  time,  there  were  no  Inhabitants  in  all  that  District  up  as  far  as  the  utmost  extent 
of  the  former  claim  of  New  Hampshire  Northward  and  Northwestward  except  the  few  stragling 
Inhabitants  above  mentioned  and  that  these  few  Inhabitants  were  as  the  Deponent  hath  always  under- 
stood and  believes  in  General  Purchasers  under  some  of  the  Letters  Patent  issued  by  the  late 
Governor  Wentworth  for  very  small  Considerations,  and  not  Patentees.  That  at  that  Time  the  State 
of  Cultivation  in  these  Tracts  that  had  any  Inhabitants  was  very  inconsiderable. 

Vol..  IV.  54 


I|  ! 


426 


CONTROVEHSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    IIAMPSIURE    OHANTS. 


D.  Tliat  this  Deponent  believes  there  are  now  ten  times  as  many  Settlers  in  the  Tract  liirnierly 
claimed  liy  New  Hampshire  aforesaid,  tlian  tliere  were  at  tluit  Day,  and  tliat  these  are  ahnost  aito- 
getlier  Purchasers  under  tlie  New  Hanipsiiire  Patents  since  the  notification  of  tlie  Kings  Determi- 
nation of  the  Boundary  as  aforesaid  a  great  many  of  wiiom  settled  in  expectation  of  taking  out  new 
Grants  from  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  wliicli  tlicy  are  still  desirous  of  doing,  tiiis  Deponent  liaviiig 
been  desired  by  the  Inliabitants  of  several  Townships  to  Assist  tiieni  therein. 

E.  Tiiat  a  iew  of  tlie  Tracts  granted  by  M'  Wentwortli  on  the  Banks  of  Connecticut  Uiver  and 
two  or  three  of  the  Townships  near  tlie  Massachusetts  Line,  have  within  about  four  years  past 
increased  considerably  in  Cultivation,  tho'  even  in  tliese  it  bears  but  a  small  proportion  to  tlie  Quan- 
tity of  Lands  in  these  Townsliips,  And  tliat  with  respect  to  the  rest  of  tlie  Tracts  the  greater  part  of 
them  have  but  little  Ciiltivation  and  very  many  of  them  none  at  all. 

F.  That  this  Deponent  never  hath  heard  of  any  Ejectments  served  by  any  Person  claiming  under 
New  York  nor  of  any  other  action  brought  by  any  of  tliwn,  against  any  Person  to  the  Eastward  of 
the  Green  Mountains  except  in  two  or  three  Instances  for  Debt  &  is  satisfied  if  any  such  thing  had 
happened  he  must  liave  heard  of  it.  Tiiat  some  few  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  that  country  have  been 
arrested  in  Civil  Actions  brought  by  them  against  one  another. 

G.  That  tiiis  Deponent  is  acquainted  with  the  Inhabitants  of  that  Country  in  General  &  has 
never  heard  that  any  of  them  served  in  his  Majesty's  iiegular  Forces  at  any  time  during  tlie  late 
War  except  one  or  two  Persons  whom  this  Deponent  hath  heard  are  deserters — Tliat  a  Jew  of  tlieni 
served  as  Hangers. 

//.  That  within  about  two  years  past  tlie  People  in  that  Country  have  been  induced  to  Conceive 
Expectations  that  this  part  of  tiie  Country  would  soon  bee  annexed  to  New  llanipshire,  that  Hejiorts 
and  Eiicoiirageiiieiits  of  that  nature  have  been  eoiitinually  circulating  among  them  ever  since,  which 
were  generally  reported  and  believed  in  that  Country  from  time  to  time  to  have  come  from  Governor 
Wentworth,  and  this  DepoJient  himself  believes  the  same  to  be  true. 

/.  That  something  ahove  a  Twelvemont  ago  a  Petition  to  his  Majesty  was  circulated  thro' that 
Country  for  Subscriptions  for  that  End  as  this  Deponent  nnderstaiuls  and  believes,  which  Petition 
was  at  that  time  and  ever  since  generally  reported  there  to  have  been  drawn  by  Governf)r  W«'ntworth 
— That  this  Petition  was  generally  reported  and  this  Deponent  believes  the  same  to  be  true,  to  have 
been  subscribed  by  a  great  many  Persons  not  Inhabitants  of  that  Country,  but  of  New  llanipshire 
and  else  where,  ana  that  in  general  the  Names  of  the  Children  of  the  Inhabitants  down  to  Twelve 
years  of  Age  and  under  were  said  to  have  been  subscribed  thereto  as  Petitioners — which  Petition 
this  Deponent  hath  understood  hath  been  some  time  since  Transmitted  to  England  by  Governor 
Wentworth . 

K.  That  last  Fall  another  Petition  to  his  Majesty  liir  the  like  purpose,  was  carried  about  thro' 
that  Country  for  Subscription  as  tliis  Deponent  understands  and  believes  that  this  Deponent  saw 
the  original  tliereof  as  it  was  Called  of  which  he  took  a  copy,  which  original  was  wrote  in  a  vwy 
fair  Hand,  and  was  currently  reported  there  to  have  been  drawn  at  Portsmouth  by  the  incseiit  Gov- 
ernor Wentworth,  and  U)  have  been  by  him  sent  up  into  that  Country  by  Benjamin  Whiting  who  has 
long  acted  as  one  of  M  Wentworths  Deputies,  as  Surveyor  of  the  Kings  Woods,  to  be  copied  for 
subscriptions  all  which  this  I)ei>onent  verily  believes  to  lie  true,  and  also  that  it  was  generally  believed 
by  the  People  there,  this  Deponent  having  frequently  heard  these  Reports  mentioned  in  Conversation 
and  never  heard  a  suggestion  to  the  contrary. 

L.  That  it  was  Reported  tiiat  one  Coj-y  thereof  was  to  be  made  to  be  handed  about  in  each 
Townsliip,  and   this  Ih'iioiient  has  frequfntly  heard  and  believes  that  many  Copies  thereof  were 


CDNIHOVERSY    IlESPKCTlXt;    THE    NEW    HAMPSUIIIK    GUANTS. 


127 


made  hikI  canied  about  lor  Subscription  uiid  that  it  was  their  General  Practice  to  Obtain  Subscrip- 
tions of  Persons  under  age  tliereto. 

M.  Tliat  this  Dejutnent  believes  that  very  lew  if  any  ot'tlie  Settlers  on  the  Southerly  part  of  this 
Tiiicl  to  the  East  of  tiie  Green  Mountains,  signed  the  said  Petition  last  mentioned,  as  they  are 
almost  universally  desirous  of  remaining  in  the  Province  of  New  York  and  this  Dejwnent  is  well 
eiiiiviueed  thut  of  the  whole  Inhabitants  of  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  ami  Gh)ucester  a  great 
majority  are  desirous  of  remaining  witliin  tlie  Jurisdiction  of  tlie  Government  of  New  York,  the 
strength  of  the  opposition  thereto  laying  in  tlie  Townsliips  of  Wimlsor  Newbury  and  Westminster, 
and  anidug  some  seatteretl  Iidiabitants  in  some  few  other  Towns. 

JV.  And  this  Depimeiit  lirmly  Ixdieves  and  has  heard  a  great  many  of  the  Inhabitants  of  that 
Country  fre(piently  declare  the  like,  that  there  would  long  since  have  l)een  an  end  to  their  oppo- 
sition to  tiie  Government  of  New  York  had  they  not  been  aniniate<l  by  tlie  continued  encourage- 
ment received  fiom  time  to  time  from  Governor  Weutworth  as  aforesaid. 

Sam*-  Wwxs. 

Sworn  this  2*1  Day  of  March  1771,  Before  me 

Dan:  Houmanuen. 


J].  City  of  New  York  ss  :  Oliver  Willahd  Esqnire  one  of  tlie  Assistant  Judges  of  the  Inferior 
Court  of  Conunon  Pleas,  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York  makes  Oath 
upon  tlie  Holy  Evangelists,  That  he  is  aa  Inhabitant  of  the  Town  of  Hertford  in  tlie  said  County, 
formerly  granted  by  Patent  under  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  and  since  by  Patent  under  the 
Province  of  New  York  to  tlie  New  Hampsliire  Grantees.  That  s<jme  Time  since  the  Deponent 
employed  M''  Julin  Hiud,  who  is  private  Secretary  to  Mf  Weutworth  tiie  i)resent  Governor  of  New 
llanipshiii',  to  sue  out  a  Patent  for  five  Islands  in  Connecticut  lliver,  four  of  which  are  opposite  to 
the  said  Township  of  Hertford,  and  three  of  them  conceivetl  to  have  been  comprehendeil  in  the  said 
Patent  under  New  Hannishire. 

B.  That  afterwards  in  August  last,  the  Deponent  went  to  Portsmouth  and  waited  on  M""  Went- 
wortli,  who  expressetl  his  approbation  that  the  Deponent  should  have  a  grant  of  these  Islands, 
iind  directed  him  to  M''  liinge  Sur\eyor  General  to  get  the  proper  surveys  performed.  That  M' 
liinge  who  is  the  Governors  Uncle  Authorized  his  Deputy  to  make  the  Survey,  but  the  work  is 
not  yet  performed,  it  being  postponed  as  the  Deponent  supposed  til  the  Hiver  was  frozen,  and  the 
Islands  might  be  surrounded  on  the  Ice. 

C.  That  some  time  in  t!ie  latter  End  of  December  last,  the  Deponent  received  a  letter  from  the 
said  M'  ITurd,  in  the  words  and  figures  Ibllowing — "Portsm»  20<'>  Dec'  T  70  Sir,  I  have  received 
*'  your  Letter  per  Capt  VViieatly  whose  gowl  Character  will  I  believe  obta'..  )V  him  the  Commission 
"  desind — Your  make  no  mention  nor  have  I  heard  any  thing  from  you  about  the  Right  in  Belhara 
'•  for  wliioli  I  have  yr  Obligation  to  deliver  a  Deed  of  the  same  within  three  Mo«  I  trust  you  wont 
"  forget  t!ie  matter  nor  neglect  securing  the  Right  in  Time.  Your  Petition  for  the  Island  in 
"  Connecticut  Hiver  I  am  afraid  will  not  succeed,  as  there  has  Ix-en  some  Information  lately  of  your 
"  Conduct  resjiecting  the  affairs  on  the  West  side  the  River  which  seems  to  injure  y  Interest  at 
"  I'ortsiu"  &  may  prevent  y*  success  of  yf  Petition — this  I  thou'  best  to  mention  to  you  that  you  may 
"  not  tliiiik  it  tiwing  to  my  neglect  I  am  S"^  y  hum  Serv*  John  Hurd.  Aliijor  Oliver  Willard."  That 
tlie  said  T,etter  is  of  the  proper  Hand  Writing  of  the  said  M^  Hurd,  the  Deponent  having  seen  him 
write.     And  the  Deponent  verily  believes  that  the  true  reason  why  his  application  for  a  Grant  of 


^W 


Ml  Hi 


'.      ! 


428 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   HEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS 


the  saitl  Islands  will  not  probably  succeetl,  is  JVora  a  disgust  fxiitt-d  by  tlie  Deponents  conduct  and 
known  Zeal  lor  maintaining  tlie  autliority  of  tiie  Govenunent  of  New  York,  on  tiie  West  side  ol" 
Coiuiecticut  River,  in  Conformity  to  the  Itoyal  Orde-  of  the  Twenlietli  of  July  one  tiiousand  seven 
hundred  and  sixty  four,  This  Deponent  having  been  Instrumental  towards  preventing  the  late  lliots 
and  Disonlers  in  the  Township  of  Windsor,  in  which  divers  persons  witii  Nathan  Stone  were 
very  active. 

D.  And  the  Dciwnent  further  saitli,that  there  was  a  Reservation  in  tlie  New  Hampshire  Grant  of 
tlie  Siiid  Township  of  Hertford,  of  five  hundred  acres  for  tlie  Governor  of  tli at  Colony.  Tliat  Sundry 
of  tlie  Council  of  the  said  Province  had  shares  and  Interests  in  the  Lands  thereby  granted.  That 
this  was  usual  in  tlie  Patents  issued  in  that  Province,  That  he  has  himself  bt^en  concerned  in  sueing 
out  five  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal  of  New  HaiJ'.pshire,  and  that  he  always  understood  that  the 
Governor  and  Council  of  that  Colony  paid  no  Proportion  of  the  Fees,  but  that,  that  Burden  was 
born  by  otiier  Patentees,  That  tiie  same  Rights  and  Shares  secured  in  the  New  Hampshire  Grant  of 
the  Town  of  Hertford,  for  the  Society  tor  propagating  the  Gospel  and  other  Public  uses,  were  also 
secured  for  the  same  Purposes  in  lepatenting  of  tliat  Township  under  the  Great  Seal  of  New  York. 

E.  Tliat  the  Deponent  did  not  sign  the  late  jietition  to  his  Majesty  circulated  among  tlie  Inhabitants 
of  Cumberland  Coiuity  in  favor  of  the  Jurisdiction  ot  New  York,  because  he  was  fearfull  that  it 
might  obstruct  him  in  his  said  application  to  New  Hampshire,  for  the  Grant  of  tlie  Islands  above- 
mentioned. 

F.  That  this  Deponent  has  been  an  Inhabitant  of  Hertford  aforesaid  for  eigiit  years  last  past,  and 
well  remembers  that  the  Proclamations  by  the  Governments  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire,  noti- 
fying his  Majestys  Determination  of  the  Boundary  between  those  Governments  were  very  Publickly 
known  in  that  Country  soon  after  tliey  issued.  That  at  that  Time  he  believes  there  might  be  about 
one  hundred  Families  settled  in  all  that  CiHintry  Eastward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  formerly 
claimed  by  New  Hampshire,  now  comprized  within  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester, 
and  tliat  those  Inhabitants  were  scattered  through  about  Twenty  Tracts  or  Townships  of  about 
six  miles  square  each,  anil  principally  along  Connectitut  River. 

G.  That  the  Degree  of  Cultivation  at  tliat  Day,  even  in  the  Towns  that  had  Inhabitants  was  very 
small,  and  not  in  one  of  them  had  the  Terms  or  Conditions  of  Settlement  and  Cultivation  contained 
in  the  New  Hampshire  Letters  Patent,  been  by  far  complied  witli. 

That  since  tlie  notification  of  his  Majesty's  Order  in  Council  above  mentioned,  People  have  been 
continually  flocking  into  that  Country,  claiming  under  New  Hampshire,  and  in  general  under  Pur- 
chases made  by  tiiem  since  tlie  said  notification,  and  on  small  Considerations  as  to  the  Value  of  the 
Lands  had  the  Title  been  good.  Tliat  a  great  many  of  these  Purciiases  and  Settlements  were  made 
upon  an  Expectation  of  being  obliged  to  sue  out  new  Grants  from  tlie  Government  of  New  Y^ork 
for  tlie  same  Lands. 

/.  That  this  Deponent  was  well  acquainted  with  the  late  Governor  Wentwortli,  and  knows  his 
manner  of  granting  the  Crown  Lands,  the  said  Governor  told  this  Deimnent  when  he  sued  out  the 
first  of  the  five  grants  above  mentioned,  that  there  was  no  need  of  calling  the  Council  lor  their 
advice  therein,  as  he  had  obtained  about  the  Close  of  the  last  War  their  general  advice  for  granting 
the  Lands  on  Connecticut  River,  on  the  West  side  of  which  these  five  Townships  lay.  That  with 
respect  to  two  of  these  Tracts  this  Deponent  made  only  a  verbal  application  to  him,  who  there.upon 
gave  him  a  note  to  the  Secretary,  who  accordingly  issued  the  Letters  Patent,  all  of  which  passed 
without  any  Survey,  except  of  the  River  by  Joseph  Blanchard  Esquire,  and  without  any  other  advice 
of  Council  but  the  General  Advice  above  mentioned. 

K.  That  tliis  Deponent  hath  never  heard  of  any  Ejectment  or  other  Action  brought  against  any 


Ifi  1 


CONTROVERSY    RCSPECTING    THE    NEW    llAMrSHIRE    URANTS. 


429 


Person  on  tlie  East  side  of  tlie  Green  Mountiiins,  by  any  Person  Claiming  under  New  York,  nor  of 
any  Person  there  bein'^  imprisoned,  exeept  for  Criminal  Matters,  and  in  Suits  brought  V)y  the  Inhab- 
itants of  that  Country  against  eacii  otlier,  nor  of  any  Persons  property  being  wrested  fronj  him, 
except  that  he  has  heard  that  some  of  the  liOts  reserved  by  the  late  Governor  Wentworth  for  himself 
in  some  of  his  Grants  have  been  granted  to  otliers  by  the  Government  of  New  York.  And  this 
Deponent  verily  believes  that  no  such  Things  could  have  happened  without  his  hearing  of  them. 

L.  That  soon  alter  the  present  Governor  Wentworth  took  on  him  tlie  Administration  of  this  Gov- 
ernment, the  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire  on  the  West  of  Connecticut  River,  were  led  to  con- 
ceive great  Expectations  of  tluit  Country's  l>eing  annexed  to  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  as 
well  by  Reason  of  his  Majesty's  Comninnds  to  Sir  Henry  Moore  to  grant  no  more  of  tliese  Lands 
until  furtlier  Order,  as  from  tlie  encouragements  continually  circulating  tliro  tliat  Country  to  that 
Import,  which  were  tliere  universally  said  and  believed  to  come  from  Time  to  Time  from  Governor 
Wentworth,  and  thii  Depcment  has  no  doul)t  that  had  it  not  been  lor  those  repeated  Encourage- 
ments, the  People  would  have  been  long  since  easy  and  content  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  Province 
of  New  York.  And  this  Deponent  is  very  sure  that  the  Majority  of  the  Inhaliitants  of  that  Country 
are  satisfied  in  remaining  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York,  and  that  the  Strengtli  of  Opposition 
thereto,  except  on  the  West  side  of  the  Green  Mountains  is  in  the  Inhabitants  of  Windsor  and 
Westminster. 

M.  That  this  Deponent  was  in  the  month  of  August  last  at  Portsmouth  in  New  Hampshire,  and 
was  desired  by  George  Jetfries  Esquire  Treasurer  of  New  Hampsliire  to  breakfast  witii  him,  which 
lie  did — That  the  said  M'  Jelfries  desired  this  Deponent  to  attend  while  he  read  a  Representation  on 
the  part  of  New  Hampshire  respecting  the  Lands  on  the  West  side  of  Connecticut  River  in  tlie  Prov- 
ince of  New  York,  and  the  Distresses  of  the  Settlers  there  under  New  Hampshire,  which  the  said 
M'  JellVies  told  the  Deponent  was  to  be  transmitted  to  his  Majesty,  tliat  accordingly  this  Deponent 
heard  tlie  said  Representation  read  by  M""  Jetfries,  and  that  it  contained  Variety  of  Matter  which 
this- Deponent  of  his  own  knowledge  knows  to  be  la\3e,  and  informed  the  said  M' Jeifries  at  that 
Time  particularly  thereof. 

Ol»  Willard. 

Sworn  this  second  day  of  March  1771  Before  me. 

Dan  Hors.manden. 


City  of  New  York  ss:  James  Van  Corti.andt  of  the  Yonkers  of  the  County  of  Westchester  Esquire 
being  duly  sworn  niaketh  oath  that  in  the  Summer  of  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty 
four  this  Deponent  was  at  Albany  where  Information  was  brought  that  »  luniber  of  Persons  pretend- 
ing Title  under  New  Hainjishire  had  collected  together  and  were  distressing  several  jiersons  holding 
lands  under  the  Grants  of  this  Government  of  New  York  in  the  Patents  of  Hosick  and  Renslaerswyck 
or  one  of  them,  that  they  had  seized  and  drove  off  the  Cattle  of  some  of  the  said  Tenants  and  had 
seizetl  the  Grain  of  one  of  them  named  Bostiau  Deal,  and  that  tluy  intended  to  distress  every 
person  holding  within  their  Claim,  who  would  not  submit  to  hold  under  them  That  thereupon  Her- 
manns Schuyler  then  Sherift'of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany,  and  two  magistrates  of  the  County 
of  Albany  went  to  the  Place  where  it  was  said  these  Riotous  Proceedings  were  committing  in  order 
to  suj>press  the  same,  the  Sheritt"  taking  a  Posse  with  him,  of  which  this  Deponent  made  Part.  That 
they  left  the  City  of  Albany  on  Saturday  and  arrived  on  the  Sunday  at  Hosick  where  they  were  again 
informed  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Rioters  as  above  set  forth  and  they  were  gone  to  Bennington  and 
threatened  to  return  again  on  Monday  Morning  and  accordingly  about  the  break  of  the  Day  on 


I    fcf 


N    : 


'  li 


ii     I 


1 


430 


COMROVl.USY    IU>iPKCTING    TlIK    NKW    liAMPSlUUK    ftUANTS. 


Mdiidiiy  Moniiiig  tlio  SlicritV  iiiul  his  Party  were  iiilormcd  tlmt  tlu"  Hint* is  wore  n-fiinicd,  ami 
iiiiiiieiliaU-ly  the  iSlu-ritraiul  liis  Tiuty  went  in  riirsiiit  of  tiieiii  and  I'nund  tlunml  aliuut  t\v<>  niilis 
Distauce  on  tiie  said  Patt-nt  called  llosick  where  tlie  Siierill"  arrested  tiuee  or  limr  of  the  J^ioters 
uniung  whom  were  Samuel  Uobinson,  one  Ashley  who  saiil  lie  was  a  Siieritf  and  one  lluiselunl  and 
carried  them  to  tlie  Cily  of  Albany  wliere  tliey  were  committed  to  Goal,  and  from  wiienee  they  were 
afterwards  bailed,  and  Indicted  lor  their  said  oll'ences  as  tliis  Deponent  iiath  been  iiitiirmed  and  i)e- 
lieves  and  tiiis  Deponent  further  says  tlmt  he  was  heard  and  believes  that  the  suid  Samuel  Uobinson, 
Ashley  und  Horseford  have  not  been  brought  to  trial  for  the  said  oll'ences. 

JaMICS   V.    CoUTLANUr. 

Sworn  this  fourth  day  of  March  1771.  Before  me. 

Dan  :  Housmandkn. 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  John  Kkllv  of  the  City  of  New  York  Oentleman  being  duly  sworn  on  the 
Holy  Evangelists,  Deposeth  and  saith,  that  Benjamin  Burt  of  Westminister  in  the  County  of  (.'nm- 
berland  and  Province  of  New  York,  one  of  the  persons  that  Circulated  a  Petition  addressed  to  his 
Majesty  in  the  month  ot  December  last  iu  Westminster  to  be  subscribed  by  the  Inhabitants  thereof, 
praying  that  the  Lands  situate  Westward  of  the  liiver  Comiecticut  in  this  Province  might  be 
reannexed  to  the  Province  of  New  Hampsliire,  shewed  this  J)eponent  tlie  said  Petition  ami  told 
liim  the  dejwnent  that  tlie  Sollicilors  for  subscrli>tions  to  tlie  said  Petition  matle  it  a  general  rule  to 
take  the  Subscriptions  tliereto  of  jiers^ns  Iiihaljitants  of  tliat  tract  down  to  tiie  age  of  sixteen  years. 

B.  And  that  there  was  a  Petition  of  the  same  Tenor  witii  tiie  one  above  mentioned  prej)ared  for 
each  Tract  of  Land  granted  by  M'  Wentworth  late  Governor  ol'  the  prt)vince  of  New  llainiishire 
Westward  of  the  River  Connecticut  in  order  to  be  subscribed  for  the  ajbresaid  purpose. 

C.  Tliat  this  deponent  was  also  informed  that  one  of  the  said  Petitions  was  hamU'd  about  for  sub- 
scriptions in  Rockingham  Westward  of  the  said  River  Connecticut  in  the  Month  of  December  last  by 
one  Peter  Bellows  a  son  of  one  of  the  New  llamiisiiire  Magistrates  but  that  very  few  of  the  Inhabit- 
ants of  said  Tract  would  subscribe  the  same.  Tiiat  Robert  Heavens  of  Siiaron  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  shewed  tiiis  Deponent  another  of  the  said  J'etitions  which  be  the  said  Heavens  declared 
he  received  from  Benjamin  Bellows  Junior  another  son  of  tiie  suid  New  Hamjishire  Magistrate  who 
resided  at  Wallpole  in  tiie  Province  of  New  Hampshire  in  order  to  be  Circulated  lor  subscri])tion  ,is 
aforesaid  and  that  at  the  time  the  said  Heavens  shewed  the  Deiionent  said  i)etifion  there  were  only 
Eight  or  nine  sultseribers  thereto  which  said  Heavens  iiil'iinned  the  Dejionent  was  tlie  only  persons  in 
said  Sharon  that  would  subscribe  the  same.  Th.it  Nathan  Stone  one  of  the  Rietors  of  Windsor  in 
tiie  County  of  Cumberland  shewed  this  Deponent  another  of  tiie  said  petitions  whicli  he  said  was 
delivered  him  in  order  to  be  subscribed  as  aforesaid  but  that  there  was  no  subscribers  thereto  at  the 
Time  the  said  Slniic  shewed  tlie  same  to  tliis  Depnnent. 

J).  That  tills  Deponent  has  in  his  possessinu  a  map  which  lie  and  anollier  person  procured  from 
a  (ientleiiuin  of  New  Hampsliire  as  an  Authaiuick  Draft  of  the  Lands  said  to  lie  Granted  by  the  late 
Gdveriiur  Wentworth  on  the  West  side  of  the  River  Connecticut  witii  tlie  (lates -if  the  rcsjiectivo 
Patents  by  which  it  appears  there  are  in  the  whole  about  one  hundred  and  twenty  nine  Tracts  for 
which  the  said  Governor  Wentworth  issued  Patents  as  aforesaid  which  several  Patents  and  their 
respective  Dates  as  they  appear  on  the  said  maj>  are  as  f  >llows  Bennington  .')''  January  1710,  Halifax 
111"  May  1750,  Marlborough  19"'  April  1751,  Wilmington  '29"' April  1751,  Westminister  9'h  No- 
vember 17;)^,  Rockingham  28"' December  175-2,  Woodford  (ith  March  175.'],  Stamford  G"'  March 
1753,  Fane  11"'  June  1753  Townshend  20"'  June  1753,  Hinsdale  3^  Sep'  1753,  Brattleborough  2G"> 


Ij  ^ 


M 


CONTROVF.nSV    IlKSPKCTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS, 


4S1 


December  175:J,  Fulliam  SO'h  December  175:),  Putney  20'h  December  1753,  Fliimstead  22  Febniiiry 
1751,  Guillbril  2''  Aiuil  1751,  TomleiisonO'i'  April  1751,  i'owiial  H"'  Jiimiary  17()1,  lIartH.ril  !«'•  July 
17(il,  Norwich  I  July  1701,  Killiugtou  7">  July  17()1,  PomiVead  HH'  July  17()1,  Windsor  (;<>' July 
17(il,  Heading  li'i'  July  17G1,  Sallasli  (i">  July  1701,  Hertford  lO"'  July  17(il,  Woodstock  Id"'  July 
1701,  Brid},'e water;  lO'h  July  1701,  Arlington  2H«i'  July  1 701,  Siuiderland  July  2J»"'  1701,  Stratton 
30"'  July  1701,  Bernard  17t''  July  1701,  Stoekliridge  21-'  July  1701  Siiaron  H"'  August  1701  Wetli- 
♦•rstield  Aug!  2("'-  ^701,  Glossenbiuy  Augi  20i''  1701,  Sliaitsbury  August  •.'()'"  1701,  Huport  August 
20'''  1701,  i:  ..aot  August  20'"  1701,  SpringlleM  August  20i''  1701,  I'awlet  August  20'''  17(;i,  Danby 
August  27'''  1701,  llarwick  28'ii  August  1701,  Shrewsbury  1"'  Sep''  1701,  Clarendon  5"'  September 
1701,  Summerset  Sep"^  1)'''  1701,  Rutland  7'i'  Septenilier  1701,  Wells  15"'  Sei)tember  1701,  Tinnioutli 
1 5"' September  1701,  Winliall  15"'  September  1701,  Ludlow  10"'  Sei)feml)er  1701,  Maueiiester  11"' 
August  1701,  Sandgiite  ll'i' August  1701,  Poultney  21'''  Sei)tend)er  1701,  Caslleton  22*' Septem' 
1701,Tlietford  12"'  August  1701,Strairord  12"'  August  1701,  Tunbridge  IV'  Seplend)er  1701,  Fairlee 
9"' September  1701,  Brundy  October  13'i'  1701,  Andover  October  ri'h  1701,  Cavindish  12"'  October 
1701,  Leicester  Ocf  20"'  1701,  Nasbobee  October  20'''  1701,  Wallingstbrd  Novend)er  27"'  1701, 
Guild  Hall  October  lO"*  1761,  Granby  October  10"'  1701,  Maidstone  12'i'  October  1701,  Ferdinand 
13""  October  1761,  Brunswick  13"'  October  1701,  Winlock  !)'"  October  1701,  Addison  14"'  October 

1701,  Cornwall  U'h  October  1701,  New  Haven  2''  November  1701,  Way  bridge  NoV  ;J'i  1701, 
Middleborougli  2>1  Novemi)er  1701,  Salsbury  3'i  Novendjer  1701,  Ciiarlotta  June  21"'  1702,  Hin«ls- 
liorough  21"'  June  1702,  Ferrisburgb  June  21"'  1702,  Moiickton  21"'  June  1702,  Averell,  June  29"' 

1702,  lie  wis  29"'  June  1702,  Poooek  June  20"'  1702,  Luniubourgh  5"'  July  1703,  Burlington  7  June 

1703,  Williston  7  Jiuie  1703,  New  lluulingtuu  7"'  June  1703,  Duxsl'ury  7^''  June  1703,  Mooreton 
7"'  June  1703,  Berlin  7  June  1703,  Fssex  7"'  June  1703,  Cliolchester  Jiuie  7"'  1703,  Bolton  June  7"> 
1703,  Waterbury  June  7"'  1703,  Milton  June  8<i' 1703,  Westlbrd  June  S'l' 1703,  Underbill  June 
8"'  1703,  Manslield  8"'  June  1703,  Slow  June  S'^  1703,  Worcester  June  S"'  1703,  Middlesex  June 
S'l*  1703,  Jerrieo  June  8*  17C3,  Georgia  August  H'!*  1703,  S  Albans  1 7'!' August  1703,  Swanton 
August  17"'  1703,  High  Gate  August  17"'  1703,  Orwall  Aiigust  18'!'  1703,  Shelburn  m^  August 
1703,  S  George  IS'i"  August  1703,  Ilungerford  18*  A\igust  1703,  Smitbfield  IS't  August  1703, 
Fairlield  August  18"'  1703,  Fairfax  IS'h  August  1703,  Sudbury  O'l'  August  1703,  Whiting  O'l' 
August  1703,  Newbury  18"i  May  1703,  Topsbaiu  17'!'  June  1703,  llygate  S""  September  1703, 
Burnet  September  lOih  1703,  Peacbam  Dec  31^'  17(i3,  Pitlsford  15"'  June  1701,  Hubberton  15"' 
June  1701,  Dunbar  15"*  June  1701,  Minehcad  29"'  June  1702,  Limmington  29"'  June  1702,  Panton 
3'l  Novendier  1764,  Corinth  4  Febuary  1704. 

E.  That  this  Deponent  is  well  acquainted  thro  a  great  part  of  that  Country  and  saitb  that  of  tbose 
numerous  Tracts  a  small  projM'rtiou  of  them  have  any  Inhabitants  Claiming  under  New  Hampshire 
and  that  these  in  General  are  on  some  of  the  Tracts  on  and  near  Connecticut  River,  and  on  some 
Tracts  to  the  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains  And  that  ii  these  Tracts  to  the  East  of  the  Green 
Mountains  that  have  t!ie  most  Inhabitants  tiie  Cultivation  is  but  small  in  proportion  to  the  Quantity 
of  tiie  Lands  in  those  Tracts  respectively. 

John  Kelly. 

Sworn  this  O""  Day  of  March  1771  Before  me. 

Dan:  Horsmanden. 


432 


CONTROVCRSV    RESPF.CTINO    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


INHABITANTS  OF  THE  COUNTY  OF  CUMBERLAND,  1771. 

Whites  males  under  16  1071 

Wliites  males  above  16  ami  under  60 1002 

Whites  mules  60  and  upwards 50 

Whites  females  under  16 941 

Whites  females  above  16 802 

Blacks  males  under  16 0 

Blacks  males  above  16  and  under  60 « 6 

Blacks  mules  60  and  upwards 1 

Blacks  females  under  16 3 

Blacks  females  above  16  2 

Whites  3935 

Blucks       12  Witness  my  Hand  at  Brattleborough  in  the  County  of 

Cumberland  the  15'*  Day  of  May  A.  D.  1771. 

Total  3947  Dan'   Whipple  Sheriff. 


5 


INHABITANTS  IN  THE  COUNTY  OF  GLOUCESTER,  1771. 

Whites  males  under  16 178 

Whites  males  above  16  and  under  60 185 

Whites  males  GO  and  upwards 8 

Whites  females  under  16 193 

Whites  females  above  16 1 51 

Blacks  males  under  16  2 

Blacks  males  above  16  and  under  60 4 

Blacks  males  60  and  upwards 0 

Blacks  females  under  16 1 

Blacks  females  above  16 , 0 

Whites  755 

Blacks        7                                       Witness  my  Hand  at  Newbury  in  the  County  of 
—                                         Gloucester  the  17*^  Day  of  May  1771. 
Total  762                                                                            John  Taplin  Jun'  Sherf:     • 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTINO   THE   NEW   HAMnHIU  aKANTS. 


403 


A  LIST  OF  THE  HEADS  OF  THE  FAMILIFS 

IN  THE  SEVERAL  TOWNS  HEREAFTER  MENTIONED  IN  THE  COUNTV  OF  GLOUCESTER.   1771. 


NlSWBf»T 

Robert  Juliimton 
Err  Cliainl)iTlin 
Tlinft  Clmnibvrlin 
Uiiiil  TiUotHun 
Jiiciili  Uaylcy 
Diivlil  Wi'cks 
Jonaihaii  Fowler 
K|iliruiiii  linyley 
I'l'tor  Powers 
Tlioiim!!  Joliiison 
Siuiiiu'l  lliilu 
Kpliruiin  SimlTurd 
Moses  Thiirstun 
Fryi!  Buylcy 
Giilooii  Smith 
Klislia  JiihiiHon 
Uriiih  ClmnilKirUa 
John  Forciiion 
Abiiil  Chftiiiberlin 
Venice  Ilenih 
Nathaniel  Chainberlin 
Stephen  McConnall 
Snnil  Barnett 
Hagncss  Johnson 
Joiiiuhiiii  Biitterflcid 
Joii'n  Goodwin 
John  Mills 
John  llasU'tlne 
Joseph  White 
Jacob  Kent 
Robt  Hunkins 
Ebenezer  White 


Simeon  Stephcnn 
E/.uklikl  Collioy 
Abiier  Fowler 
Abiier  Fowler  Junr 
John  Nnttintt 
Levy  Sylvester 
Nehemliih  Lovewed 
Josh:  Chiimlierlin 
Kielid  Chiimberlin 
Enoch  Hall 
Diiiil  Hall 
John  Tuplin  Junr 
Robt  Haslet  ino 
Jacob  Fowler 

MoOBE   TOWM. 

Robt  Keniindy 
Janicn  Horner 
David  Thompson 
William  Thompson 
William  Bell 
Ebenezer  Martin 
John  Martin 
Obedednm  Saunderi 
Noah  White 
Ephraitn  Martin 
Nathl  Martin 
John  Peters 
Satnl  Miller 
James  Miller 
Matthew  Miller 
James  Aikin 
Jesse  McFarlin 


Sainl  Gait 
Sand  McDnmo 
lUv.ikiali  Sillaway 
Amos  Davin 
Belli  Jenkins 
K|iliraim  Collini 
lliiKh  Miller 
Jolm  Sawyer 
Benoni  Wright 
Widdow  Haimah  Sleeper 
Samuel  Davis 

DAnNETT,  Rykoati  Lun- 

KNUrnUII  k  Ul'ILPUALL. 

Auroii  llosmlr 
Jacob  Hall 
Elijah  Hall 
Uriah  Moss 
Ruben  Powers 
TniK.thy  Nash 
Ebene/.er  Richardson 
John  Sawver 
Enoch  Hail 

TllETFOBD 

Samuel  Gillett 
Jonn  Howard 
Noah  Sweetlon 
John  Colson 
Joseph  Downer 
Joseph  Horscford 
Bonj  Colborn 
Raben  Strong 


John  Strong 
William  Mooro 
Israel  Sniilli 
Saml  Wise 
Sand  Osborne 
Ebenezer  Green 
Aimer  Clianiberlln 
David  Cliand)erlln 
Klijub  Howard 
E(iwd  Howard 
Thos  Cbnndey. 
BnJ.  Cliundierlln 
Timothy  Bartholomew 
Jon^  Siimney 
Abner  Howard 
Peter  Grant 
Edwd  Howard  Junr 
John  Cliani1)erlin 
Rielid  Baxter 
Amos  Chainberlin 
Elihu  Hoi'itefurd 

Stamobd. 
James  Pinnock 
Wm  Cliamberlin 
Will  Pinnock 
Ezekiel  F'arish 
Isaac  Baldwin 
Daiil  West 
Aaron  Pinnock 
Saml  Pinnock 
Jesse  Pinnock 


'B 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  SECY  BANYAR. 

Fowlis,  May  30'''  1771. 

Sir.  I  inclose  you  different  affidavits  taken  before  me  concerning  the  conduct  of  the  luhubitants 
of  this  County  in  order  that  the  Government  may  do  sometliing  Speedily  to  prevent  their  Riotous 
behaviour  every  person  that  pretends  to  be  a  ifriend  to  this  Government  are  in  danger  of  both  Life 
and  property,  for  ray  own  part  I  Iiave  done  every  thing  that  m'.ght  be  means  to  prevail,  but  all  to  no 
purpose  for  every  act  of  Friendship  that  the  Government  and  Ministers  of  Justice  sliows  tliem  seems 
to  rais  their  Spirits  as  if  the  whole  Government  were  afraid  of  them.  They  assemble  themselves 
togitlier  in  the  night  time  and  throws  down  all  the  Yorkers  Fences  &"  as  we  are  called  and  Drives 
the  cattle  into  the  Filds  and  meadows  and  destroys  botli  Grass  and  corn,  and  do  every  mischief 
they  can  think  of.  Pardon  the  imperfection  of  this  and  the  other  papers  herewith  sent  you  as  I  am 
in  confution  my  House  being  full  of  Rioters  and  the  Felon  that  Shot  the  Horse  going  to  Goal  which 
the  Constable  secured,  and  by  his  confession  two  more  are  concerned,  but  I  doubt  if  we  can  secure 
them.    I  am  in  hast  Sir 

Your  Obed*  Servant 

To  Goldsbrow  Baynard  Esq'.  John  Monro. 


Vol.  it. 


55 


414 


CONTROVEnav    REtPECTItfO   THE   NEW   HAMnilIRK  GRANTS 


AFFIDAVITS  ENCLOSED. 

Albmiy County  as:  Pfrsonnlly  npiH-arfil  lulort- iiiu  mu'  JSaimiel  \VilIii\iglil>y  Dtie  of  His  MitjtMfys 
Ci)iist.il)les  tor  the  County  iit'onsiiiil  and  iiui(lt>  Oatli  that  on  the  Ki'"  ihiy  ot'  this  Instant  May  In-  was 
ov<'it«l<t'n  on  tlio  Kings  highway  by  Thuiuas  Frincli  Charlrs  liiillin  and  Martin  l'ti\v«l  tit  i'rimo 
Town  with  a  nunilier  of  otiicr  Uiotcrs  \vliosi>  Nuiik  s  to  IhLs  di'lt-ndaiit  is  iitd<ni>\vii  (ail  anncd  uitli 
Clubs)  that  the  said  French  laid  hold  of  the  depond*  with  liiA  Club  over  his  licad  and  threalncd 
Ids  lite  unless  he  would  curry  otF  the  writt  uf  Ejectment  which  tlie  Depond'  liad  served  n|ii>n  the 
said  Frenchs  wife  in  his  absence,  which  tin;  Dejmnd'  refused  to  do,  upon  wliich  the  said  Uullin 
CAue  up  and  laid  it  upon  his  arm  and  obliged  him  to  bring  it  oil' or  his  liie  be  in  danger. 

Sa.MI  KL  WiLLOL'GllBV. 

Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this  17  Day  of  May  1771. 

John  Munho,  Justice. 


Personally  appeared  before  me  Samuel  Munro  of  Wollomsack  who  went  as  an  assistant,  to  the  said 
Willoughby  and  made  oath  that  he  wos  present  when  the  Rioters  above  mentioned  pcrsued  them  and 
that  what  is  set  forth  in  tiie  above  afidavid  i,  true  and  that  the  said  Uioters  threatned  to  tiee  the 
Depund'  to  a  tree  and  ilog  him  if  he  did  not  go  olf. 

Samvel  Munuo. 

Sworn  belbre  me  at  Fowlis  this  17">  day  of  May  1771. 

John  Munko  Justice. 


Albany  ss:  Personally  appeared  before  me  Samuel  Willoughby  one  of  His  Majesty's  Constables  for 
the  County  of  Albany  aforesaid  and  made  [oafhj  that  on  tlie  night  of  the  23'' day  of  this  Instant 
May,  being  under  the  necessity  of  going  to  Ik'nnin'jjton  to  serve  some  Executitms,  lie  lodged  at 
the  House  of  Samuel  Satiird  in  said  Town,  that  about  tlio  hours  of  nine  i>v  ten  of  tlie  clock  at  jiiglit 
the  family  was  allarined  l»y  the  firi'ig  of  a  (jun,  and  on  the  morning  of  tlie  •Jl">  the  depond'  went 
to  the  Burn  where  he  put  up  his  Horse  tlie  evening  before,  and  found  the  liarn  Door  oppen  and 
His  Horse  shot  Dead;  by  soiu  of  tlie  Inhabitants  as  he  sui)poses. 

Samuel  Willuciioy 

Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this  25  day  of  May  1771. 

Jons  Mi'NRo  Justice. 


Albany  County  ss:  Personally  appeared  before  me  one  David  Wing  of  lawful!  age  and  made  Oath, 
that  on  or  about  the  21"  day  of  May  last,  he  was  commanded  to  the  assistance  of  Sanuiel  Pease  one 
of  his  Majestys  constables  fur  the  county  aforesaid,  in  order  to  take  Thomas  French  of  Prince 
Town  for  Rioting,  with  several  others  that  ujion  tlieir  comming  within  the  bounds  of  said  Town 
they  were  met  with,  by  a  numl)er  of  Rioters  all  with  clubs  excepting  two  which  had  Giais,  that 
one  shot  was  fired  at  them  out  of  the  woods,  but  Done  no  Damage,  that  upon  their  coming  up  .to  tlie 
said  Frencli's  House  they  found  it  surrounded  by  a  much  greater  inunbcr  of  men  vowing  against 
the  Constable  and  Ills  party  and  tlmt  he  sliould  carry  no  man  out  of  Town  that  if  he  hajjpencd  to 
carry  one  of  them  to  Goal,  the  Goal  should  not  stand  three  weeks.  Dammed  the  Rascally  yorkers  Esi/ 
Munro  and  all  his  authority  with  many  such  other  expressions, 

David  Wing. 

Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  this  2''  day  of  June  1771. 

John  Mi'nro  Justice. 


'!' 


CONTROVEUV    RUPKCTIMO   THE   HEW   IIAMnilIHE   OaAMTI. 


49B 


In  Council  3''  Jilv  1 77 1 —Ordered  tliiit  tlie  Depiily  Sicretiu)  dowiire  tn  the  Slieriroftlic  Coimfy 
of  Albany,  eiiiluitliiij  liiiii  cnjiiiM  ut  tlie  |ireci'dliig  allidat  ll>,  and  sii;iiir}  ill^  IiIm  K\c«'lli'ii('y<t  Dircctiuiis 
tliut  liu  slould  a]i|ily  to  M' Justice  Miinru  ti>i-  u  Warrant  or  Warrants  l«ir  apprehending  ti)v  lukl 
Uiuterii,  vud  tliut  lie  hUuuKI  exert  hluisell  in  taking  them,  that  they  may  he  bruugiit  tu  Justice. 


THE  BOAKD  OF  TRADE  TO  THE  LORDS  OF  THE   PRIVY  COUNCIL. 

ILoDdoD  Dm  I  XLIII.] 

To  the  Right  Hon'''*  the  Lords  of  the  Comnilteo  of  Ills  Majestys  most  hon*''*  Privy 
Council  tor  I'lmitiition  Atfairs. 

My  Lords  Pursuant  to  your  Lordsliips  Order  of  llie  S  day  of  July  1770  \vc  did  on  the  13  day  of 
thut  month  take  into  Oiu'  Consideration  tlie  iiumlile  i'etiliou  of  M-veral  olUcers  and  SuKliers  wiio 
served  in  Nortli  America  during  the  late  war,  ami  wert  I'diiced  at  the  jicace  setting  torth,  "  Tiiut  in 
*'  pursuance  of  His  Majestys  Uoyal  Proclamation  of  tlie  7  of  Octoiier  17G3,  they  did  obtain  warrants 
"from  the  Lieutenant  Governor  of  his  Majisl^'s  Province  of  New  York  for  sundrj  tracts  of  Land 
"to  be  surveyed  ami  also  patents  for  divers  Tracts  of  Lands  in  the  Northern  parlsof  the  said  i'rovince 
"which  Lands  the  petitioners  alletlge  do  yet  remain  unsettled  owin^'  to  u  Claim  of  several  grantees 
"  under  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  as  also  to  a  late  Iiistruclion  of  his  Majesty  to  liis  Gov 
"  of  New  York  restraining  him  from  making  any  furtlier  Grants  in  these  purls,  till  his  Majestys  Hoyal 
"pleasiu-e  shall  l>e  known  and  humbly  i)raying  his  Majesty  to  permit  the  Governor  of  New  York  to 
"  Grant  Lands  to  such  of  the  Petitioners,  at  whose  expence  they  have  been  located  &  surveyed  ;  and 
"  to  conlirm  to  others  the  Grants  which  have  already  l)een  nuide  ;"  u  retjuest  of  such  a  nature  from 
persons  so  respectable  and  meritorious  induced  the  fullest  attention  tu  it,  as  it  uppeare«l  to  us  by  a 
letter  from  the  Governor  of  New  Ilamiislilre  to  the  Earl  of  Hillsbouroiigli  coinmiuiicated  to  UK  by 
bis  Lordship,  that  the  Council  of  that  province  were  preparing,  in  order  to  transndt  to  his  Majesty 
for  his  consideration  a  fidl  state  of  the  claims  to  Lands  in  that  District  tuider  Grants  from  the  Gov- 
ernment of  New  Hampshire  we  thought  fit  to  postpone  any  Report  to  your  Lordships  on  this  Case, 
until  that  Representation  should  bo  received  as  no  such  Rei)resentation  lias  yet  however  been  trans- 
mitted, and  as  his  Majestys  Governor  of  New  York  has  repeatedly  and  in  the  strongest  terms  repre- 
sented the  necessity  there  is,  as  well  injustice  to  the  ease  of  tlie  reduced  officers  as  in  propriety  with 
respect  to  his  Majestys  service,  that  some  speedy  determination  shoukl  be  had  concerning  that  very 
valuable  and  extensive  tract  of  Land,  which  in  consequence  of  those  Claims  remains  in  great  part 
unsettled  and  unimproved,  and  in  which  the  greatest  disorilers  are  committed  it  becomes  our  duty 
no  longer  to  delay  making  our  Report  to  your  Lordships  upon  a  matter,  whicl.  in  every  light 
wherein  it  can  be  viewed,  seems  to  us  of  great  importance. 

Y'our  Lordships  are  alreatly  apprized  b}'  former  Reports  of  this  Board  ot  the  very  extraordinary 
circumstances  accompanying  the  Grants  made  within  this  District  by  the  late  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire  and  when  we  consider  how  extravagant  those  Grants  arc  with  respect  to  the  quantity  of 
Lands  they  contain  and  combine  that  consideration  with  the  many  irregularities  and  Improprieties 
ntteui  ing  them  in  other  respects  we  have  no  doubt  tliat  they  would  upon  examination  be  found  null 
&  Void  But  this  is  a  matter  which  cannot  dejiend  upon  any  opinion  of  Ours,  and  is  a  consideration 
which  leads  to  questions  that  cannot  now  be  entered  into  without  laying  the  foundation  lor  further 
delay  in  a  matter  that  seems  to  require  immediate  decision. 


i 


I . 


rr 


tS-j* 


i 


I 


i: 


"  .J 


i> 


436 


OOMTROrERST   RESPECTIRG   TMK  HEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


We  are  sensible  liow  difficult  it  will  be  in  a  case  where  so  many  opposite  interests,  dependius; 
upon  Claims  under  very  diflerent  circumstances,  are  to  be  considered  to  suggest  any  propositions 
that  will  coincide  emlrely  with  the  hopes  and  expectations  of  all  parties  but  when  we  reflect  how 
important  it  is  to  all  to  have  some  speedy  determination  We  cannot  but  flatter  Ourselves  that  they 
will  readily  acquiesce  in  any  reasonable  conditions,  that  can  be  proposed  to  them  and  us  tliis  appears 
to  us  to  be  the  only  probable  method  of  bringing  this  matter  to  a  speedy  issue  we  shall  beg  leave  in 
the  first  place  to  state  to  your  Lordships  those  claims  whicli  appear  to  us  to  be  objects  of  considera- 
tion &  in  tlie  next  place  suggest  wliat  seems  to  us  reasonable  to  be  proposed  with  regard  thereto. 

The  Claim  that  seems  to  us  to  deserve  attention  in  the  flrst  .i)hice  is  tha!  of  those  persons  who 
possess  Lands  in  this  District  under  Grants  legally  and  properly  obtained  from  the  Government  of 
New  York  antecedent  to  any  pretence  set  up  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  to  exercise  tlie 
power  of  granting  Lands  to  the  westward  of  Connecticut  River  and  before  any  such  Grants  were 
made  From  tlie  best  information  we  have  been  able  to  collect  relative  to  this  Claim,  it  is  confined  to 
two  or  three  Grants  but  a  small  part  of  which  lies  on  the  East  of  the  Green  Mountains  the  Country 
to  the  west  of  which  was  at  all  times  before  the  unwanantable  Claims  set  up  in  consequence  of  the 
New  Hampshire  Grants  admitted  incontestably  to  be  within  the  province  of  New  York  and  therelbre 
we  cannot  but  be  of  opinion  tliat  the  proprietors  of  those  Grants  should  not  be  disturbed  in  their 
possessions  on  the  Ground  of  Claims  derived  from  these  subsequent  Grants  of  the  Government  of 
New  Hampshire. 

The  claim  that  in  the  second  place  seems  to  us  to  merit  attention  is  that  of  those  persons  who  in 
consequence  of  the  Grants  from  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  have  made  actual  Settlement  and 
Improvement  of  any  Lands  not  comprehended  within  the  limits  of  the  possessions  above  stated ;  for 
however  disputable  their  titles  may  be  upon  the  Ground  of  the  Grants  themselves  yet  there  always 
has  been  &  we  think  there  always  ought  to  be  in  the  Plantations  an  attention  to  actual  Settlement 
and  Improyement,  that  in  cases  where  the  possession  does  not  intcrl'ere  with  the  Rights  of  others 
ought  to  have  preference  to  any  other  consideration ;  and  therefore  we  think,  that  persons  under 
this  description  ought  to  be  left  in  entire  possession  of  such  Lands  as  they  have  actually  cultivated 
and  improved  subject  to  no  other  condition  or  reservation  either  of  Quit-Rent  or  otherwise  than 
■what  is  contained  in  the  Grants  under  which  they  claim. 

The  third  Claim  and  indeed  the  only  remaining  one  which  appears  to  us  to  merit  particular 
indulgence  is  that  of  tlie  reduced  olficers  and  Soldiers,  as  well  those  comprehended  within  the  petition 
referred  to  ns  by  your  J^ordships  as  all  others  under  the  like  circumstances  who  may  have  obtained 
warrants  from  tiie  Government  of  New  York  for  the  survey  of  Lands  to  thera  in  this  district  the 
possession  of  which  Lands  has  been  obstructed  by  the  pretensions  of  those  claiming  under  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants ;  and  with  regard  to  these  persons  we  cannot  but  be  of  opinion  that  no  time 
should  be  lost  in  carrying  their  Grants  into  et!'ect,  provided  however  that  the  surveys  under  which 
they  claim  do  not  include  Lands  which  were  actually  &  bona  fide  settled  and  improved  by  persons 
claiming  under  Grants  from  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  antecedent  to  such  warrants  of  Survey; 
who  we  think  ihr  the  reasons  already  given  ought  not  to  be  disturbed  in  their  possessions  on  any 
acccmnt  but  that  if  any  such  case  should  exist  the  officer  or  soldier,  claiming  such  Land  under 
wairant  of  survey  from  the  Government  of  New  York  should  have  compensation  made  to  liini  by 
an  adequate  Grant  in  some  other  part  of  the  district. 

Witli  regard  to  the  remainder  of  the  Lands  contained  in  this  extensive  District  which  if  the 
foregoing  propositions  can  Ijy  consent  of  tlie  i)arties  interested  be  carried  into  ellect  will  remain  for 
His  Majestys  disposal  they  are  on  fill  hands  rejiresented  to  be  of  great  value  &  Importance  not  only 
from  their  natural  situation  k  fertility  but  as  including  very  extensive  Tracts  containing  large 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTINQ   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


437 


growth  of  wliite  pine  Trees,  and  of  other  Timber  fit  for  Naval  purposes  and  wlien  we  consider  the 
great  advantage  of  them  in  this  light  it  is  our  duty  in  Conformity  to  what  we  humbly  represented 
to  His  Majesty  on  the  21  day  of  July  17G7  respecting  tlie  preservation  of  wood  Lands  in  America,  to 
recommend  to  your  Lordships  to  advise  His  Majesty  not  to  allow  any  further  Grants  to  be  made,  or 
warrants  of  survey  issued  lor  any  Lands  within  tliis  District ;  until  the  person  wlio  in  consequence 
of  tluit  Representation  has  been  appointed  Surveyor  tor  tliat  Division  of  North  America  in  which 
this  district  is  included  shallliave  carried  liis  Instructions  into  execution  &  shall  have  marked  out,  for 
Reservation  to  His  Mnjcsty  sucli  parts  of  it,  as  shall  contain  any  considerable  growtli  of  Trees  lit  for 
the  i)urposes  above  mentioned. 

Wiien  tills  service  sliall  have  been  executed  we  see  no  reason  why  the  residue  of  the  Land  may 
not  be  laid  open  to  settlement  &  improvement  from  lils  Majesty  ;  but  we  can  by  no  means  recom- 
mend to  your  Lordships  to  advise  his  Majesty  to  sulfer  tiie  Governor  and  Council  of  New  York  to 
dispose  of  tlie  said  Lands  eitlier  upon  tlie  terms  or  in  the  manner  In  wlilch  tliey  have  liitherto 
exercised  that  power. 

The  well  known  fertility  &  particular  advantage  of  these  Lands  arising  from  their  situation  in  the 
midst  of  a  well  settled  and  cultivated  Country  render  them  we  conceive  far  more  valualile  than 
those  wlilcli  lye  more  distant  &  remote  and  we  see  no  reason  wliy  his  Majesty  may  not  in  tills  case  at 
least  reasonably  expect  the  same  advantages  wlilcli  tiie  proprietors  of  the  province  of  Maryland  & 
Pennsylvania  derive  from  the  Grants  of  their  waste  and  uncultivated  Lands  who  over  and  above  a 
Quit  Rent  nearly  double  what  is  reserved  on  Lands  Granted  I)y  tlieGcnernor  &  Council  of  New  York, 
receive  five  pounds  lor  every  hundred  acres,  whicli  is  required  to  i)e  paid  to  tiieir  respective  receivers 
whose  certificate  of  sucli  payment  is  made  an  indispensable  requisite  for  obtaining  a  warrant  of 
Survey  for  the  Lands. 

We  have  hitiierto  avoided  stating  to  your  Lordslilps  tiie  pretensions  of  tliose  persons  who  claim 
the  possession  of  Lands  in  tliis  district  under  tlie  exorbitant  Grants  from  tlie  Governor  of  New 
Hampslilre  but  who  have  not  taken  any  steps  towards  acquiring  possession  of  the  Land  or  for  seating 
or  improving  the  same  We  are  persuaded  your  Lordships  will  agn'e  with  us  in  opinion  that  combin- 
ing this  circumstance  of  neglect  of  improvement  with  the  little  degree  of  attention,  which  is  due  to 
the  grants  tliemselves,  from  the  manner  &  circumstances  under  wliicli  tliey  were  passed  the  claims 
of  tliese  persons  can  or  ought  to  have  in  a  general  view  of  them  little  weight  in  the  present  consid- 
eration, In  order  however  to  avoid  all  possible  groiuid  of  complaint  and  to  give  facility  to  tlie 
execution  of  what  is  proposed  in  tlie  cases  already  stated  we  submit  it  to  your  Lordslilps  Con- 
sideration whether  it  may  not  be  advisable  after  tlie  Reservations  above  mentioned  tor  naval  purposes 
have  been  made,  that  such  of  the  Grantees  as  shall  before  a  certain  day  to  be  fixed  by  proflamation 
apply  by  petition  to  your  Majestys  Governor  and  Council  of  New  York  for  Grants  of  Land  within  the 
said  District,  may  receive  warrants  of  Survey  for  such  parts  ol  the  said  Lands  as  they  sliall  cliuse 
in  quantity  proportioned  to  their  ability  to  cultivate  and  improve  the  same  ;  with  this  Restriction 
however,  that  no  one  of  the  said  persons,  so  applying  sliall  eitlier  in  his  or  her  own  name  or  in  the 
name  or  names  of  any  other  person  or  perons  in  trust  for  him  or  her  receive  more  than  five  hundred 
acres,  the  said  Grantees  not  to  be  subject  to  payment  of  the  purchase  money  above  reconimended,  or 
to  any  other  terms  or  conditions  than  what  are  usually  contained  in  Grants  from  His  Majestys  Gov- 
ernor of  New  York  under  tlie  present  Instructions. 

We  are  aware  that  the  Claims  of  persons  under  this  general  description  must  vary  in  their 
Circumstances  ;  and  that  a  greater  regard  and  attention  may  be  due  to  one  tlian  ought  to  be  shewed 
to  another  ;  but  it  is  we  fear  impossible  to  distinguish  any  different  Case  ;  and  we  humbly  conceive 
it  is  the  less  necessary  in  as  much  as  these  General  Regulations  will  not  preclude  any  particular 


■■'  \ 


^'=^»iaSS;' 


i! 


Pi 


^ 


438 


CX>NTROVERSY    BE8PECTIN6   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GBAMT8. 


persons  who  tliink  themselves  intitled  to  particular  Indulgeuce,  from  making  such  application 
thereupon  as  tliey  sliall  tliink  proper. 

We  beg  leave  I'lirtiier  to  observe  to  your  Lordships  tliat  there  is  anotiier  Claim  of  interest  in  these 
Lands  wiiich  ns  it  stands  upon  Grounds  very  dill'erent  from  tliese  already  stated  ;  requires  a  seperate 
consideration  &  tliat  belongs  to  the  Society  for  tlie  jjropagation  of  tiie  Gospel  in  Foreign  i)arts ;  who 
claim  his  M»ijestys  r  .nsiderution  in  consequence  of  tiieir  liaving  in  each  of  the  Townsliips  granted 
by  M'  Wentwortli  a  Reservation  of  five  liundred  acres  in  order  to  enable  them  to  carry  the  laudable 
and  pious  purposes  of  their  institution  into  eft'ect. 

As  tliis  claim  of  tlie  above  Society  lias  already  been  considered  as  meriting  his  Mujestys  attention 
and  was  as  we  conceive  in  Great  measure  tlie  tbundation  of  tliat  Instruction  to  his  Majestys  Governor 
of  New  York,  by  which  the  lands  in  this  district  were  lockt  up  from  settlement,  until  his  Majestys 
further  order  were  known,  it  beqomes  our  duty  to  consider  in  what  step  an  adequate  compensation 
can  be  made  for  it,  and  we  beg  leave  to  suggest  to  your  Lordships,  whether  such  consideration  may 
not  l)e  most  i>roperly  obtained,  &  every  other  Religious  Establishment  for  which  Reservations 
were  made  in  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  effectually  provided  for,  by  subjecting  every  Grant  which 
shall  be  made  of  Lands  within  this  district  in  consequence  of  the  above  proposals  to  the  payment 
to  the  saitl  Society  for  the  propagation  of  the  Gospell  of  one  Shilling  proclamation  p  annum  for 
every  hundred  Acres,  over  &  above  the  Quit  Rent  payable  to  his  Majesty  ;  &  that  it  be  recommended 
to  the  said  Society  that  the  monies  arising  therefrom  be  applied  solely  to  the  purposes  of  providing 
Ministeis  and  School  Masters  for  that  District. 

If  tliese  propositions  should  meet  with  your  Lordships  approbation  &  his  Majesty  should  upon 
your  Lordships  advice  tliink  fit  to  adopt  them  we  do  not  apprehend  that  any  difficulty  will  arise  on 
the  part  of  those,  whose  different  Claims  are  meant  to  be  provided  for  or  that  any  other  measure 
will  be  necessary  for  the  present,  than  merely  a  transmission  of  the  projwsitions  themselves  to  his 
Majesty's  Governor  of  New  York  with  the  signification  of  his  Majestys  pleasure  that  the  said 
propositions  be  made  Publick  in  such  manner  as  that  all  persons  interested  therein  may  have  notice 
and  that  the  Governor  and  Cotmcil  do  witiiin  a  reasonable  time  thereafter  proceed  to  confirm  to  the 
reduced  officers  by  Grant  the  property  of  such  Lands  for  which  they  have  obtained  warrants  with 
exception  only  to  such  parts  as  may  have  been  seated  and  improved  by  the  Claimants  under  tlie 
New  Hampsliire  Grants,  antecedent  to  the  date  of  such  warrants. 

We  further  beg  leave  to  submit  to  your  Lordships,  whether  it  may  not  be  proper  in  order  to 
prevent  disputes  &  for  effectually  securing  the  settlers  under  New  Hampshire  Grants  in  tlie  posses- 
sion of  what  they  have  already  settled  and  improved  conformable  to  what  is  before  proposed  that  the 
actual  state  of  such  seating  and  improvement  should  l)e  ascertained  l)y  a  Jury  of  disinterested 
persons,  to  be  summoned  for  tiiat  purpose  by  the  Sheriff  of  the  County  in  which  the  lands  lye, 
whose  return  thereof  with  a  plot  &  description  tiierennto  annexed  of  the  Lands  so  seated  and  improved, 
l)eing  registred  in  the  County  Court  will  be  a  full  evidence  upon  Record  of  the  title  in  case  any 
Question  should  liereafter  arise  tiiereupon. 

With  regard  to  the  lands  proposed  to  lie  gninted  to  oflier  persons  claiming  under  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants,  l)Ut  who  Jiave  made  no  sotllement  or  improvement  wliatever  the  execution  of 
what  is  submitted  in  their  case  as  will  as  in  the  caso  of  the  Hcsidiio  of  the  Lands  whicli  will  remain 
lor  Ids  Majesty's  disposal,  within  t!iis  district,  must  he  suspended  iiiilil  the  country  has  been  siirveyrd 
with  a  view  to  firoper  Reservations  of  Woixllaiids  fl'r  the  siij)ply  of  niiistiiig  k  tiinber  lor  tlie 
Rovid  Navy  according  to  the  diiections  already  >;iv<^M  for  tiial  imrpose  ;  and  we  are  of  opinion  that 
th<!  Instructions  to  be  given  to  the  Governor  of  New  Yorli  in  the  latter  case  cannot  be  too  »xj/lix.it 
and  precise  in  order  to  guard  against  those  u-regulaiities  &  abuses  which  we  aie  coucerued  to  suv 


OOMTROVXHST  SESPECTINQ   THV  NEW  HAHMmBE  GRAMT3. 


439 


have  but  too  much  prevailed  in  the  exercise  of  the  powers  given  to  his  Majest}'s  [governors]  in 
America,  ibr  the  granting  of  lands  to  the  great  prejudice  of  his  Majestys  interest  to  the  discourage- 
ment of  Industry  and  in  many  Instances  to  the  apprelieusion  of  tlie  subject  by  tl\e  exaction  of  exor- 
bitant &  unreasonable  Fees. 

We  are  my  Lords  your  Lordships  most  obedient  and  most  humble  Servants 

Hillsborough 
SoAME  Jenyns 
.  E.  Eliot 
John  Roberts 
Wm.  Fitzherbert 
Whitehall  June  6,  1771.  Thomas  Whately 


i 


i 


GOVERNOR  TRYON  TO  JUSTICES  SKEENE,  MUNRO  &c. 

New  York  24«»>  August  1771. 

Gentlemen  The  inclosed  Copy  of  a  petition  lately  preferred  to  me  will  inform  you  of  a  Riot  and 
Breach  of  the  Peace  committed  on  the  1  lii>  of  June  near  Argyle  Town,  by  one  Coclcran  and  fourteen 
armed  men,  in  violently  assaulting  and  dispossessing  Donald  Mclntire  and  the  other  complainants 
of  Lands  granted  to  them  by  this  government  and  then  under  their  actual  improvement.  Tlie 
dangerous  Tendency  of  such  Disorders  calls  loudly  for  the  Exertion  of  the  Civil  Authority,  and  it  is 
by  the  advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council  that  I  now  recommend  this  as  matter  liighly  deserving  your 
consideration,  and  that  you  will  after  the  fullest  Enquiry  as  to  the  Facts,  and  Sufficient  Proof 
of  the  Force,  give  the  Petitioners  the  Relief  directed  by  the  Statutes  of  forcible  Entry,  or  such  other 
Redress  as  the  case  shall  appear  to  you  to  Require  Transmitting  to  me  as  soon  as  may  be  a  par- 
ticular account  of  your  proceedings  in  consequence  hereof  with  such  examinations  as  shall  be  taken 
before  you. 

To  Philip  Skeene,  John  Munro,  Patrick  Smith  and  John  McComb  Esq"  Justices  of  tlie  Peace  for 
the  County  of  Albany  or  any  two  or  more  of  them  or  any  of  the  otlier  Justices  of  the 
County. 


JUDGE  WELLS  TO  ATTORNEY  GENL.  KEMP. 


Sir, 


Brattleborough  la*""  Septem'  1771. 


As  I  presume  Information  of  Every  movement  of  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  to  obtain 
the  Liindson  the  west  bank  of  Connecticut  River  to  be  annexed  to  tliat  Government  will  be  agreeable 
to  }'ou  and  tlie  better  enable  this  Government  to  disconect  tlieir  planus  of  lucroachment  I  give  this 
IiilormaH<in  (Viz') 

The  Governour  some  time  the  fore  part  of  last  winter  Requested  tlie  General  Assembly  to  make  a 
Grant  to  Dei'my  the  charge  of  exploring  Connecticut  River  to  its  Source  and  making  a  plann  of  it 
to  send  to  England  (as  I  am  inibrraed)  to  sliew  that  tlie  River  Comes  more  from  the  East  than  has 
hitherto  been  Immagined,  and  so  much  from  the  East  as  not  to  Touch  the  45">  degree  of  Northern 


410 


CONTROV'i:.RSY    RESPECTING   THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


I 


Latitude  ;  that  tlie  Assembly  declining  to  make  the  Grant,  the  Governor  .at  his  own,  and  the  charge 
of  some  others  who  subscribed  sent  M'  Benj"  Wliiting  and  M'  Grant  on  tlie  business  with  a  Letter 
from  his  Excellency  Recommending  it  to  all  persons  of  Connecticut  River  (Friends  to  tlie  Govern- 
ment of  New  Hampshire)  to  contribute  towards  enabling  the  Parties  to  proceed  and  Eflect  the 
business.  Representing  that  it  was  likely  the  Effect  of  the  Survey  would  be  the  extension  of  tlie 
Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  to  those  Lands  &",  that  in  consequence  of  this  Letter  considerable 
Contributions  from  Divers  persons  near  the  River  bank  was  obtained  by  Whiting  and  he  proceeded 
on  the  business  ; 

The  manner  of  his  proceeding  and  the  Probability  of  a  Fraud  in  Whitings  Chart  of  the  River  is  in 
Few  words  expressed  in  the  enclosed  deposition — the  deposition  perhaps  might  have  been  more 
particular  had  there  been  Time — but  the  Secrets  of  this  Supposed  Fraudilent  Survey  was  unknown 
to  me  untill  this  morning,  when  M^  John  Grout  came  here  with  M'  How  the  deponent  and  gave  me 
the  Information  and  as  I  was  obliged  to  begg  the  Favour  of  a  Gentleman  on  a  Journey  thro'  Si>ringfield 
to  Tarry  untill  the  deposition  was  Made  and  these  Lines  wrote  will  account  for  the  Reason  why  neither 
the  one  or  the  other  is  more  particular  as  I  am  unwilling  to  omitt  this  opportunity  of  Leaving  this 
Information  in  the  Post  Office  there  (viz  at  Springfield)  I  have  nothing  further  to  add  only  that  the 
Plann  of  the  Survey  is  gone  to  England  and  Governour  Wentworth  Informs  the  friends  of  that 
Government  that  there  is  not  the  least  doubt  of  the  Lands  on  the  West  bank  being  annexed  to  New 
Hampshire  that  if  you  apj)rehend  anything  further  can  be  done  by  one  in  Favour  of  this  government 
shall  be  glad  of  the  Information  ; 

am  your  H'''«  Serv» 

John  Tabor  Kemp  Esquire.  Samll  Wells. 

P.  S.  Grant  who  assisted  Whiting  is  a  person  within  age  and  a  Servant  of  Captain  Holland. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  NEHEMIAH  HOWE. 


■  J*  (■ 

% 


1; 


New  York  Cumberland  County.  Nehemiah  Howe  of  Putney  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and 
Province  of  New  York  Gentleman  came  before  me  Samuel  Wells  Esquire  one  of  tlie  Judges  of  the 
Court  of  Common  pleas  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  and  one  of  his  Majesties  Justices  of  the 
Peace  for  the  same  County  and  being  Sworn  on  the  Holy  evangelists  deposeth  and  Saitli 

That  this  deponent  assisted  Mess"  Whiting  and  Grant  in  February  and  March  Last  in  their 
pretended  Survey  of  Connecticut  River  from  where  the  Same  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massachu- 
setts Bay  Near  to  what  they  Said  Whiting  and  Grant  called  the  Head  of  the  River. 

That  this  deponant  began  to  assist  at  Charlestown  and  from  there  went  up  the  River  near  to  the 
place  the  said  Whiting  and  Grant  called  the  Head. 

That  this  deponent  conceives  the  Survey  was  Intended  to  be  exact  as  far  as  to  some  Miles  distance 
above  Lancaster — but  from  there  to  what  on  that  Survey  took  the  Name  of  the  head  of  the  River, 
this  Deponent  is  sure  that  Neither  M'  Whiting  Grant  or  any  other  person  in  the  Party  can  be 
possibly  able  to  assertain  the  Points  of  the  Compass  of  the  channel  of  the  River  or  the  Length  of 
way  as  the  wiiole  party  Travelled  two  days  on  the  River  without  Setting  tlie  Compass  or  Measureing, 
both  going  up  the  River  and  Coming  Down,  to  this  deponants  best  knowledge  and  belief,  in  wliich 
two  days  the  Party  suppose  and  this  deponent  believes  they  Travelled  not  less  than  forty  miles. 

That  some  distance  above  the  Township  of  Lancaster,  but  how  great  distance   this  deponent 


CONTROVERSY    RESrECTINQ    TIlC   KEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


441 


cannot  say,  a  Branch  from  the  east  falls  into  the  Main  River  ;  there  the  said  Whiting  Grant  and  the 
whole  party  Left  tlie  miiiii  River  and  filldwed   the  brancli  tliat  fulls  in  from  the  east,  and  nnir 
the  Head  of  tliat  Branch  g^ive  the  name  of  the  liead  of  the  River,  wliich  jilaee  on  tliat  Branch  Ihis 
deponant  says  is  so  far  from  being  the  Head  of  Connccticnt  River,  that  it  Is  no  more  than  the  lira 
of  a  River  that  falls  into  the  said  River  Connecticutt.    And  further  saith  not. 

Neueaiiah  Howe. 
Sworn  this  IS'**  day  of  September  AD  1771  before  me. 

Samli.  Wells, 


PETITION  OF  JOHN  MUNRO  TO  BE  APPOINTED  SHERIFF  OF   ALBANY. 


To  his  Excellency  Will"'  Tyron  Esq""  Cap*  General  &  Govern'  in  Chief  in  &  over  the 
province  of  New  York  &  the  Territories  depending  thereon  iu  America,  and  Vice 
Admiral  of  the  Same. 
The  Memorial  of  John  Munro. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

Tliat  your  memorialist  has  been  an  inhabitant  of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany  these  I.'i  years 
past.  That  he  has  been  in  the  Office  of  a  Justice  of  Peace  tor  these  4  years  past,  during  wliich  time, 
he  hopes  he  has  exerted  himself  with  propriety  in  the  administration  thereof,  tho'  attended  with 
uncommon  difficulties,  arising  from  the  conduct  of  the  Inhabitants,  many  of  whom  are  well  known 
to  stand  in  opposition  to  the  lawful  authority  of  this  Province. 

Tliat  notwithstanding  the  several  proclamations  issued  by  your  predecessors,  in  the  Government, 
and  also  Kings.writs  for  apprehending  and  bringing  to  justice  the  said  rioters  &  opposers  of  autliorily 
in  tliat  County,  These  have  as  yet  remained  unexecuted  excepting  such  as  your  Memorialist  has 
accomplished  at  the  great  risque  of  his  life  and  property  in  the  latter  having  been  a  considerable 
sufferer. 

Tliat  your  Excellency's  memorialist  was  recommended  to  the  Earl  of  Dunmore  while  in  the 
administration  for  the  office  of  Sheriff' in  the  said  County,  and  that  he  was  to  have  obtained  the 
same,  had  his  Lordship  continued  in  the  Government  till  the  appointments  came  on. 

These  are  Tlierefore  Praying  your  Excellency  tor  the  grant  of  the  said  Slieriftship  of  the  said 
City  and  County  of  Albany  to  your  Memorialist,  for  whose  cliaiacter  and  connection,  he  begs  leave 
humbly  to  recommend  your  Excellency  to  Col  John  Reid  of  tliis  City  And  for  your  Memorialist's 
particular  conduct  in  this  Government,  he  requests  tlie  liberty  of  recommending  your  Excellency 
to  the  honourable  W™  Smith,  and  tlie  honourable  Hngh  Wallace  of  his  Majesty's  Council  and  for 
your  Memorialists  behaviour  as  a  Magistrate  he  refers  himself  to  the  character  of  M'  Attoy  Gen' 
Your  Excellencys  kind  Compliance  in  the  aforesaid 

will  your  Memorialist,  as  in  duty  bind  to  pray 
New  York  20H'  Sept'  1771.  John  Mitnro. 


m 


i  i 


Vol.  it. 


M 


t  i:i: 


\.l 


448 


CONTROVERSY    RISPCCTINO   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


I  11 


l'€ 


f  ^1 


DEPOSITION  OF  SAMUEL  GARDENIEll 

City  of  New  York,  ss:  Samuel  Gardenler  of  Wullumscock,  in  the  county  of  Albany,  yeoman, 
being  duly  sworn,  deposeth  and  saitli,  Tliat  about  four  years  ago,  he  jiurfliiisfd  Three  huiidrt'il  and 
Ten  acres  of  Lnnd  lying  witliin  tlie  Patent  of  Walluniscock  al'oresniil,  IVmn  James  De  Lanecy  nl'  tlie 
city  of  Now  York  Esii ;  for  Tluee  lliuidred  Pounds  which  he  paid  M'  J)e  Lnncey  :  Tiial  tliis  Dcpu- 
nent  removed  u^.-on  the  said  Farm  about  three  years  ago  last  June  ;  Thnt  ho  Ibuiid  onr  ic'iMlxid 
Cross  settled  upon  Part  of  tlie  Lands  he  so  purcliaseii,  wlio  liad  made  improvemenis  there(in,  pretend- 
ing he  had  a  Kiglit  under  New  Hampshire.  That  tlie  Deponent  being  unwilling  to  take  iiny 
advantage  of  the  Inipn)veinenfs  the  said  Cross  had  so  made,"  entered  upon  an  Arbitration  with  him 
by  IJond,  in  tlie  Penalty  of  One  Thousand  or  Five  Hundred  Poiuuls,  the  Deponent  not  having  his 
pnpers  with  him,  canmit  recollect  which,  to  abide  by  the  award  of  Uelcriees,  ciiosen  l)etwetn  the 
Deponent  and  the  said  Cross,  to  settle  wliat  AUowance  the  Deponent  should  give  Cross,  Ibr  the 
Improvements  he  had  so  made  upon  thesai«l  Land.  Cross  being  also  boinid  by  anutiier  Bond  in  Five 
Hundred  Pounds,  to  ileliver  tho  Deponent  Possession  of  the  said  Land  so  occupied  by  Cidss  ;  That 
the  Arbitrators  awarded  the  Deponent  to  pay  Cr(jss  Twenty-five  Pounds,  for  one  Half  the  Improve- 
ments so  made  liy  him,  and  to  suffer  him  to  enjoy  the  other  Half  of  the  improved  Land  (on  reserving 
a  small  acknowledgment  only)  for  the  Term  of  five  years.  Tliat  Cross  alterwanis  delivered  to  the 
Deponent  possession  of  the  said  Land  he  so  occupied,  and  Deponent  gave  him  a  Lease  Ibr  the  Half 
of  what  he  had  Improved,  according  to  the  said  award  ;  and  afterwards  paid  him  Filteen  Pounds  in 
Part  of  what  was  so  awarded,  and  tendered  since  to  pay  him  the  Balance,  which  the  said  Cross 
refused  to  accept.  That  the  Dejjonent's  Fences  were  frequently  pulled  down,  and  the  Cattle  sutlered 
to  get  into  his  Grain.  That  when  he  complained  of  it,  he  was  told  by  his  Neighbotus,  he  had  better 
quit  it  for  he  would  not  be  suffered  to  live  in  Peace,  tudess  he  would  give  up  to  Cross,  what  he  had 
before  obtained  from  him,  in  the  Manner  albresaitl ;  and  the  said  Cross,  in  particular,  told  tlie  Depo- 
nent, that  he  expected  to  get  the  La!id  again  ;  and  that  the  Yorkers — (meaning  the  Owners  of 
Wallumscock  Patent)  had  no  good  Kight  to  it,  lor  it  belonged  to  New  Hampshire.  That  the  Depo- 
nents Fences  were  thrown  down  some  Times  three  Times  in  a  Week,  and  it  was  with  Difficulty,  he 
could  get  his  Neiglibonrs  to  assist  him  in  putting  them  up,  for  tV-ar  they  should  suffer  from  the 
liesentment  of  the  People  of  Bennington,  who  held  their  Lands  under  New  Hampshire.  Jolm 
Hogan,  in  particular,  having  inl'ormed  the  Deponent  that  he  had  been  threatened  by  those  People 
with  the  same  Injuries,  if  he  gave  the  Deponent  any  assistance  in  putting  up  his  Fences.  And  the 
Deponent  further  saith,  that  lie  received  frequent  intimations  that  his  House  and  all  he  bad  would 
1)6  destroyed,  and  this  Deponent  beat,  wounded  or  perhaps  killed  by  the  People,  who  were  in 
Possession  of  that  part  of  the  Country,  under  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire.  That  ab<int  the 
beginning  of  August  last,  this  Deponent  being  at  his  House,  with  his  Brother  in  Law,  Jacob  Gnidt, 
his  wile  and  children,  &  a  Negro  Slave,  he  was  alarmed  by  a  number  of  Men  about  two  Hours 
before  Day-break,  who  came  on  Horse  back,  and  demanded  to  see  the  Deponent,  saying  that  theV 
wanted  to  talk  to  him  about  New  Hamiishire  Title.  That  the  Deponent  desired  them  to  go  to  Albany, 
where  they  could  meet  with  Peo])le  who  were  more  Capable  to  talk  with  them  on  that  subject. 
They  then  said  they  came  up  on  the  Point  of  Justice,  and  bid  the  Deponent  come  out.  That  the 
Deponent's  Wife  observed  to  them,  that  it  wiis  lui  unsuitable  Time  to  do  Business,  and  that  they 
ought  to  have  come  in  the  Day,  to  which  they  answered  they  would  come  when  they  had  a  Mind. 
That  the  Deponent  told  them,  as  the  Truth  really  was,  that  he  was  afraid  to  go  out  to  them,  on 


I! 


coMTMVutsr  BnarECTiNa  rat  new  hamfshirc  chamts. 


443 


wliicli  tliey  aasnrcd  tlic  Deponent,  that  they  would  not  hurt  him,  and  the  Deponent  tliereupon 
Vfiituied  out  ol"  tlie  Door,  wlien  he  was  immidiately  suirouudtd  Wy  thveii  njeu,  some  of  tlicni 
disguisfdiu  Blankets  like  Indians, others  with  Handkerclilelti,  andoHitrs  with  Women's  caps  ou  tlieir 
Heiuls,sonie  of  them  witli  black  Working  Frocks,  and  some  armud  with  sickles,  and  otliers  with  Clubs, 
and  one  with  a  Pistol.  Tliat  they  asked  tlie  Dei>onent  wliethcr  In  was  willing  to  deliver  up  tho 
writings  and  Pui)ers  whicli  had  been  executed  to  him  by  said  Cross,  lor  he  should  do  Cross  Justice, 
and  they  were  come  to  take  his  Part.  The  Deponent  said  that  he  thought  he  had  done  Cross  full 
Justice,  and  had  paid  him  honestly ;  but  the  Deponent  being  much  terrified,  said  that  he  would 
con?'«ler  of  their  Demand.  That  they  seemed  dissatisfied  at  the  Deponent's  requesting  Time  for 
c  'ration,  and  insisted  tha   '.    'ould  deliver  up  those  Writings  immediately,  that  the  Deponent 

said,  '  if  he  was  willing  to  do  .  men,  it  would  not  be  pof  -ble,  for  that  Ids  Writings  were  at  Albany. 
They  then  said  that  he  shotdd  go  next  morning  and  give  Cross  a  Bond  in  tlie  Penalty  of  One 
Tlioiisand  Pounds,  toretiun  him  his  Papers,  and  sulfer  him  to  enjoy  the  Land  as  he  had  done  belore 
his  agreement  with  the  Deiunient.  That  the  Deponent  declined  to  make  sucli  Promise,  and  desired 
Time  to  go  down  to  Kinderhook  and  advise  with  his  Brotlier,  they  replied  that  they  had  nothing  to 
do  witli  his  Brother,  and  one  of  them  swore  iliat  tlie  Deponent  should  ucver  have  any  Benefit  from 
the  Land  which  Cross  had  given  up,  nor  fodder  any  of  the  Produce  of  it.  Timt  in  the  End  they 
gave  tl\e  Deponent  a  Fortnight's  Time  to  deliver  up  the  Papers,  and  told  tlie  Deponent,  that  if  he 
did  not  do  it  by  that  Time,  the  consequence  would  be  very  terrible  to  him,  for  they  would  not  come 
again  for  nothing ;  but  it  should  be  such  a  day  to  him  as  he  never  seen  since  he  was  born.  That  on 
going  away  they  said  they  would  pay  a  visit  to  Squire  Munroe.  That  Deponent  next  day  applied 
to  the  said  Justice  Munroe,  who  advised  him  to  con«ult  the  Gentlemen  of  Albany,  what  was  best  to 
be  done,  Tliat  tlie  Deponent  had  a  Meeting  at  Albany,  with  tlie  Mayor  of  Albany,  and  Justice 
Blicker,  and  represented  liis  case  to  them.  That  they  inlormed  the  Deponent,  that  it  was  out  of  tlieir 
Power  to  do  any  thing  for  him,  and  he  must  apply  to  higher  authority.  That  the  Deponent  returned 
back  to  his  House,  at  VVallumscock,  very  uneasy,  and  was  tiien  informed  that  the  Rioters  had 
reported  that  tiiey  had  applied  to  him  civilly,  but  that  if  he  did  not  do  as  he  was  ordered,  they  would 
come  tlie  next  time  Devil  like,  and  Times  should  be  worse  ftjr  him.  That  tlie  Deponent  continued  on 
his  Farm  till  about  the  Expiration  of  tiie  Fortnight,  which  the  Rioters  hail  given  him  to  comply  with 
their  before  mentioned  demands,  of  restoring  the  Paners  and  Possessions  to  the  said  Cross ;  tlie  last 
Afternoon  of  which  Fortnight,  one  James  Babcock  called  at  tlie  Depcjiient's  House,  and  (as  this 
Deponent  was  informed  by  his  Wife)  left  a  Message  with  her  for  the  Deponent ;  that  it  was  best  for 
him  to  go  out  of  the  Way,  Ibr  the  Rioters  were  so  violent  and  enraged,  that  he  thought  it  would  be 
unsafe  tor  him  to  stay  there.  That  the  Deponent  accordingly  made  his  Escnpe,  and  the  next  Even- 
ing, (as  he  is  inlormed  by  his  Wife  and  Brother,  who  remnined  in  his  House  at  Wallumscock)  the 
Rioters  came  to  the  said  House,  to  the  number  of  One  Hundred, some  vyj  whom  disfigured  with  Black  ; 
others  with  wigs  and  Horse  Tails,  and  Women's  caps  and  other  Disguises  ;  and  armed  with  Guns, 
Swords,  Pistols,  and  clubs ;  and  ransacked  and  searched  the  House  to  discover  the  Deponent ;  and 
swore  they  would  have  him,  if  they  went  down  to  Kinderhook  for  him;  to  which  Place  his  Wile  said  she 
informed  the  said  Rioters,  that  the  Deponent  had  fled  And  tlie  Deponent  furtlier  saith,  that  the 
night  after  the  Sheriff  returned  with  the  Posse,  from  an  unsuccessful  Attempt  to  serve  a  Writ  of 
Possession  on  the  Farm  of  James  Brackenridge,  in  Wallumscok  Patent  aforesaid  ;  The  Dejioiient 
receiveil  great  Injury,  as  he  verily  believes,  from  the  said  Rioters,  having  near  two  hundred  Pannels 
of  his  Fence  taken  up  and  burnt  in  a  Heap,  with  a  large  stack  of  Hay.  That  the  Deponent  is 
informed  by  his  Wife  and  Brother,  and  several  of  his  Neighbours,  that  in  the  last  mentioned  Night, 


Mi 


i    S!  I 


I! 


444 


CO>'TR0TER8T    REBPECTINO  THE   MEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


when  the  said  Rioters  came  to  searcli  for  liim  as  aforesaid,  they  overset  tlie  remaining  part  of  liis 
8luel<s  of  lliiy,  and  scattered  and  rolled  it  tliro'  tl.e  Mud  and  Filth  about  the  Field,  and  Flung  down 
tlie  remaining  Part  of  his  Fences.  And  the  Deponent  furtlier  saltli,  that  he  does  verily  believe 
tliat  he  was  in  great  Danger  of  his  Life  from  tlie  said  Rioters,  It  having  been  frequently  reported, 
that  the  Deponent  would  be  cropt,  gelt,  and  whipped  by  the  said  Rioters,  and  tied  up  to  a  Tree 
wit!i  a  Gag  in  his  Mouth,  and  so  starved  to  Death,  and  the  Deponent  saith,  that  for  the  Preservation 
of  Ills  Life,  he  has  been  obliged  to  fly  from,  and  leave  his  said  Farm,  and  that  he  is  now  afraid  to 
return,  tho'  he  conceives  his  Estate  there  to  be  a  comfortable  Provision  for  his  Family,  if  he  could 
enjoy  it  in  quiet,  he  having  been  at  great  Lalx)ur  and  Expeiice  in  Improvements,  and  that  he  should 
have  been  reduced,  with  his  Wile  and  Cliildrcn,  to  tlie  greatest  Distress,  had  he  not  been  relieved  by 
t!ie  liindness  of  his  Brother,  wlio  had  taken  hira  and  his  Wife  and  Cliildren  into  his  House  at  Kinder- 
hook.  And  the  Deponent  further  saith,  that  he  has  always  understood,  been  informed  and  verily 
believes,  tliat  the  Lands  he  so  purchased  from  M'  De  Lancey,  were  a  part  of  a  Tract  granted  to 
Edward  Collins,  James  De  Lancey,  Gerardus  Stuyvesandt  Esquires,  and  otiiers,  the  fifteenth  day  of 
June,  one  Thousand  Seven  Hundred  Thirty  Nine,  by  Letters  Patent  under  tiie  Great  Seal  of  this 
Provi'ice,  and  tliis  Deponent  purchased  them  as  such  ;  and  that  the  Deponent  has  been  intbrmed 
and  verily  believes  tliat  liis  said  Farm  lies  within  the  Distance  of  seventeen  Miles  from  Hr.dsou'a 
River ;  And  further  tliis  Deponent  saith  not 

Samuel  Gardekier. 
Sworn  this  21«*  Day  of  September 

Anno  Dom  :  1771,  before  me 

Daniel  Horsmanden. 

And  the  Deponent,  the  said  Samuel  Gardenier,  being  again  sworn,  saith,  that  the  above  named 
Ichabod  Cross,  hath  at  several  Times  told  this  Deponent,  that  if  the  Sherift"  sliould  turn  out  of  Posses- 
sion, any  of  the  People  claiming  or  holding  tlieir  Lands  under  New  Hampshive,  or  any  of  them 
should  be  sent  to  Gaol  tliey  would  raise  a  Mob  and  go  in  a  Body  to  Albany,  bieak  open  the  Gaol 
tliere  and  take  them  out  of  Gaol ;  and  the  Deponent  further  says,  that  he  undersiiinds  it  to  be  tlie 
intentions  and  Resolution  of  the  said  Claimants  in  general,  to  resist  the  Sherifif  and  any  others  who 
should  assist  hira  in  the  Execution  of  any  Writs  or  Precepts  issued  under  the  Authority  of  the 
Government  of  New  York. 

Samuel  Gardenier. 

Sworn  before  his  Excellency  the  Governor  in  Council, 

at  New  York,  the  23J  of  September  1771. 

Gw.  Banyar,  D.  CI.  Con. 


II 


ORDERS  TO  APPREHEND  SEVERAL  RIOTERS  &C 

[Council  .Min.  XXVI.] 

In  Council  30'h  September,  1771. 

Upon  reading  tliis  day  at  the  Board  a  Deposition  taken  and  Sworn  to  the  2*'  day  of  September 

Instant  before  John  Munroe  Esq'  one  of  his  Majesty's  J  istices  of  the  Peace  for  ihe  County  of 

Albany,  deposing  that  on  the  night  of  the  second  of  August  last,  and  on  or  about  the  Hour  of  twelve 

or  one  o'clock  a  number  of  Men  came  to  the  Deponents  House  in  a  Riotous  manner,  and  turned  the 


CORTHOVERSY    RESPECTING   THE   MEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


445 


Deponent  liis  Wilie  and  Children  out  of  DdOis,  and  then  pulled  the  said  House  to  the  ground ;  and 
hat  Setii  Warner,  of  Bennington  was  Cuptuhi  of  the  said  Mob  and  that  Elnathan  Huble  and  Anios 
Mateson  were  amongst  tlie  said  Rioters,  with  ninny  otliers  whose  Names  the  Deponent  knows  not-  - 
His  Excellency  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  tlie  Council  recommended  it  to  M»  Cldef  Justice 
Horsmanden  to  issue  his  Warrant  to  tlie  Higli  Slieriff  of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany,  fi»rlhwith 
to  appreliend  the  said  Seth  Warner,  Elnatlian  Huble,  and  Amos  Mateson  and  them  and  every  one 
of  tliem  to  carry  before  one  of  Ids  Miijusty's  Justices  of  the  Sujireme  Coiu-t  of  tliis  Colony  to  be 
examined  touching  the  premises  and  dealt  witli  according  to  Imw.  Tliat  a  Copy  hereof  be  trans- 
mitted to  the  said  Sheriti',  and  tliat  lie  do  report  to  ids  Excellency  iiis  proceedings  in  Consequence 
thereof. 

His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  Letter  from  Samuel  Wells  Esif  one  of  the  Judges  of  the 
Superior  Court  of  Common  pleas  for  the  County  of  Cumberland,  inclosing  the  Atiidavit  of  Nailianiel 
Howe,  whereby  it  appears  that  Messieurs  Wiiiting  and  (iiout,  who  were  lately  employed  by  Governor 
Wentworth  to  trace  Connecticut  to  its  source,  liad  pmsued  an  Easterly  instead  of  the  Northerly 
Branch,  which  Easterly  Branch  they  hud  returned  as  tlie  Head  of  Said  River. 

On  Reading  whereof  and  theAlfidavitof  Samuel  Gardenier  of  Wallun;schack,  setting  forth,  sundry 
late  flagrant  Instances  of  Riots  and  Violences  committed  on  tlie  Claimants  of  this  province  by  disor- 
derly persons  seated  on  Lands  u  itliin  this  province,  under  Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  who  seem  to 
bo  greatly  influenced  in  tliis  outragious  Conduct,  by  tlie  assurances  they  pretend  to  have  received 
from  the  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  that  the  Jurisdiction  will  be  altered  by  his  Majesty  so  as  to 
include  the  Lands  held  by  them  witliin  tlie  Limits  of  New  Hampshire,  The  Council  humbly  advised 
his  Excellency  to  write  to  Governor  Wentworth  on  the  su!)ject  of  the  said  exparte  Survey  of 
Connecticut  River,  and  to  urge  the  propriety  of  his  disavowing  by  some  public  Act,  any  such  or  the 
like  assurances,  and  by  so  necessary  a  Measure  co:operating  with  him  in  the  preferring  peace  and 
Tranquility  among  the  settlers  in  that  part  of  the  Country. 


\t 


GOVERNOR  OF  NEW  YORK  TO  THE  GOVERNOR  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

New  York  October  2'»  1771. 
Sir 

A  few  days  ago  I  received  Information,  that  during  the  last  Winter  your  Excellency  formed  the 
Design  of  Exploring  Connecticut  River  to  its  source  That  the  Assembly  declining  any  provision  for 
the  Expence,  M'  Benjamin  Whiting  and  M'  Grant  were  sent  on  this  Service,  with  a  Letter  from 
your  Excellency,  urging  the  people  near  the  River  (Friends  to  New  Hampshire)  to  contribute  to  the 
charge,  in  which  many  engaged  from  a  Persuasion  that  the  Line  prescribed  by  his  Majesty's  Order 
as  the  Northern  Limits  of  New  York,  would  in  no  part  intersect  Connecticut  River  ;  and  that  his 
Majesty  might  be  induced  from  this  circumstance,  to  alter  and  extend  the  Jurisdiction  of  New 
Hampshire. 

Witli  this  Intelligence  I  received  an  affidavit,  declaring  that  Messieurs  Whiting  and  Grant,  instead 
of  tracing  to  its  source  the  Northerly  Branch,  which  is  maniiestly  the  head  of  the  River,  pursued  an 
Easterly  Bninch  above  the  Township  of  Lancaster  tliat  falls  into  the  Main  River,  and  denominated 
tlie  fartliest  Extent  of  tliis  Easterly  stream  as  the  Head  of  the  River. 

Had  your  Excellency  thought  fit  to  apprize  this  Government  of  your  Design  they  would  I  am 
assured  readily  have  adopted  the  Measure,  defray  their  proportion  of  the  Expence,  and  join'd  in 


m 


3.1 


1 


:ii 


440 


CONTROVCRIiY    HUIPKCTIMU    Tilt:   NKW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTa. 


ii-iiiiSMiitling  tho  Map  wliicli  hy  Inlt'lligciicc  liiis  actually  Ihtu  sent  to  liis  Majesty's  Ministers  &  which 
will  now  1)0  foiisiik'ifd  us  an  exiiaite  act,  ami  not  dt'scrx  lug  ol'  that  Wt-igUl  it  luiglit  utlit'i'wibf  liuve 
hai'  'u  the  Cmiti'st. 

I'iui'  iiiiiic<iu:iiiil<'il  us  \t't  with  tilt;  Merits  of  llic  Disi'iitt.',  I  am  iii>  stiaiigir  to  tho  Pisturhanccs  it 
has  i>r<Klncttl  siiifc  my  arrival  in  this  GuM'riiiiieiit  and  sou  witii  tlic  utiiidstCtinfcrn  the  consLMHiinccs 
btill  likfly  t'l  ensue,  if  llie  relVactery  and  disurderly  IJoliaviuiir  ol"  the  (irantees  uiuler  New  Hamp- 
shire is  not  sjjeedily  clieck'd  and  punished.  lJe;;uidl'.'SS  of  Jiistieo  and  in  ojien  defiance  of  tlio 
Laws  tliey  have  lately  by  Ihrce  dispossessed  several  jx'rsims  setled  under  lilies  deriveil  from  this 
proA  inee  ju-ior  to  tlie  Conunencenient  of  the  Controversy  and  seem  to  he  greatly  encouraged  hy  tho 
assurances  they  ascrihe  to  your  Excellency,  that  tiie  Jurisdiction  will  le  altered  so  as  to  comiirizo 
within  vipur  Ciovernmeiit  the  Lands  they  linld  whidi  in  some  places  lie  at  no  greater  Distance  tlian 
10  or  17  M  ies  lioin  Hudson's  Hiver.  Ill  groniuled  as  these  lieporls  I  am  willing  to  believe  must 
be,  yet  as  they  are  prupagated  with  a  view  to  exasjierate-a  people  already  too  much  bent  on  Miscidef, 
and  appear  to  have  laid  the  intended  Etfect,  I  ho})e  your  Excellency  will  by  some  public  Act,  unde- 
ceive these  deluded  Persons,  and  by  so  necessaiy  a  Measure  cooperate  with  me  in  jireserving  tlio 
peace  antl  Tranquility  of  that  part  of  the  Country  until  his  Maj"  pleasure  shall  be  signilyed  in 
resi)ect  to  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  within  this  Province. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  ROBERT  YATES. 

City  of  Albany  ss:  Robkrt  Yates  of  the  City  of  Albany  Attnrney  at  Law  being  duly  sworn 
depiiseth  and  saith  that  he  this  Deponent  was  summoned  some  time  Last  June  or  July  by  Henry  Ten 
Eyek  Esqr  High  SheritV  of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany  as  jiart  of  tho  posse  to  assist  him  in 
Executing  a  writt  of  Possession  for  the  Lands  and  Tenements  recovered  of  one  Brakeinidge  at  a 
place  called  P>enningtown.  That  he  this  Deponent  pursuant  to  such  sunnnons  did  go  to  the  said, 
that  the  said  Slierlff  was  attended  to  witliin  about  a  (piarter  of  a  mile  of  the  said  possessinn  hy  about 
one  hundred  and  fifty  men  assembled  by  his  conmiand  for  the  purpose  as  tlils  Deponent  undeistooil 
of  Assisting  him  that  tlie  said  Sheriff  required  the  said  Posse  to  proceed  with  him  to  the  said  Lands 
and  Tenements  ;  that  the  greater  i)art  of  tlie  said  Posse  did  attend  him  near  to  the  said  phue  and 
about  Twenty  or  Thirty  i)ersons  to  the  House  of  Brakenrldge,  of  which  latter  number  this  Deponent 
was  one: — that  when  the  Sheriff  came  to  the  said  House;  and  puslied  at  the  Door  he  found  tlie  same 
was  Locked  or  closed,  so  that  entry  could  not  be  easily  effected  without  violence  and  tiiat  the 
said  Sheriff  did  request  of  those  within  that  the  said  Door  should  be  opened  wh'h  was  not  coniplyed 
witli,  Tliat  this  Deponent  by  tiie  assent  of  tlie  Slierltf  read  by  the  Door  the  wrltt  of  possessien 
with  an  audible  voice  so  that  those  wltldn  as  he  judged  could  easily  hear  him,  and  at  the  same 
time  acquainting  them  that  the  SiierilV  was  tliere  tbr  tlie  purjjose  of  giving  possession  to  the  Plaintiff 
who  had  recovered  tlie  same  by  due  course  of  Law,  that  an  answer  was  given  by  tliose  who  were  In 
the  House  that  they  would  not  give  up  the  possession,  that  he  tiiis  Deponent  rejueseuted  to  them  the 
Danger  wliich  would  attend  their  resisting  the  regular  course  of  tlie  Laws  and  made  use  of  such 
arguments  as  lie  conceived  would  induce  tluMU  to  ii'i  acijuiesencc  in  the  Determination  of  the  Suit 
wiierenii  the  recovery  of  tlie  possession  had  been  adjudiX'il  in  (iivnur  of  tiie  Plaintiff,  but  to  no 
purpose — Tliat  this  iVponent  saw  a  nuiuber  of  i>ersons  Suutli  east  of  the  said  House  and  anotiier 
party  north  of  the  said  House  arrned  with  Guns  who  this  Deponent  judged  by  their  appeaiance  and 


C0MTR0VER8Y    RE8PCCTIN0   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   ORAMTS. 


447 


actions  were  there  for  tlie  purpose  of  violently  opposing  tlio  said  Sheriff  in  the  Execution  of  his 
OlHce.  Thiit  this  De|M)nent  also  observed  tliiit  the  siiid  House  Imd  been  j)Ut  in  n  posture  of 
Defence  there  being  !i  luunber  of  Loopholes  made  iu  It  and  by  their  liaving  ns  tliis  Deponent 
understood  secureil  or  baracaded  tiie  Door,  and  tliat  a  number  of  persons  were  in  the  ll(»\ise — That 
very  lew  of  tlie  posse  who  accumpenying  the  Siieritf  were  armed,  Tliat  tlierefore  tills  Deponent  Judged 
It  would  have  been  rashness  in  the  Sherltf  and  posse  to  have  proceeded  to  violence  in  order  to  gain 
t!u'  possession,  as  the  certain  consequence  (In  this  Deponents  opinion)  would  have  been  the  Loss  of 
some  of  their  Lives,  and  that  wltiwut  the  posse  being  in  a  capacity  to  resist  them  on  equal  Terms— 
That  thei-efore  after  the  posse  or  part  thereof  had  remained  some  time  by  and  near  the  House  of 
Drakenridge  tliey  returned — Tliat  the  suld  Sheriff  before  the  posse  had  proceeded  on  their  return 
above  a  quarter  of  a  Mile,  Told  this  Deponent  and  he  believes  others  that  he  liad  also  a  wrltt  of 
possession  for  the  farm  of  one  Fuller,  and  requested  him  this  Deponent  and  he  believes  others  to 
assist  him  in  taking  possession  of  the  same — That  this  Deponent  told  the  Slierilf  that  he  was 
ready  to  attend  lilin,  but  seeing  that  most  of  the  posse  made  oft'  for  their  respective  abodes,  he  tlds 
Deponent  did  also  retiu'ii,  to  which  lie  was  tlie  more  readily  induced  from  the  consideration  of  the 
little  probability  there  was  that  the  Sherilf  could  succeed  in  galn'ng  ihis  latter  possession  when  hn 
had  been  so  unsuccessful]  in  the  attempt  on  Brakenridge's  and  farther  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

UoBT  Yates. 
Sworn  this  seventh  day  of  October  1771  before  me. 
Abrm  C.  Cuyler  Mayor. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  WM.  PEMBERTON. 

City  of  Albany  ss:  William  Pembeuton  of  the  city  of  Albany  Mariner  of  full  age  being  >luly  Sworn 
deposwth  and  Saith.  That  som«'time  in  July  last  past  he  this  Deponent  attended  the  Sheriflfas  part 
of  tiie  posse  to  assist  him  in  takiuge  possession  of  the  House  and  Lands  that  were  in  the  possession 
of  James  Breakenridge  at  Beimiugtown  in  tlie  County  of  Albany,  That  when  tlie  said  posse  and 
Sheiift'luul  proceeded  to  a  Bridge  about  half  a  Mile  from  the  Said  House,  a  Stop  was  made  t!)r  some 
sliort  time,  iu  order  to  see  whetlier  by  the  persuasion  of  the  Mayor  of  Albany  and  some  other  Gen- 
tleiin'ii  wiio  were  gone  to  Biakeiuidge  lor  that  purpose  they  could  not  be  prevailetl  cii  to  Surrender 
the  {losscssion  peaceal)ly,  Tluit  upon  their  reUirn,  and  tlie  Slieriflf  being  informed  that  they  would 
not  Surrender  he  ordered  tlie  posse  to  procecil  over  the  Bridge  to  tlie  said  House  and  directed 
this  deponent  to  assist  him  in  bringing  on  the  posse  and  to  use  his  endeavours  (or  that  purpose, 
That  agreeable  to  this  request  he  this  Deponent  endeavoured  to  prevail  on  such  as  appeared  back- 
ward to  come  up,  but  In  vain  for  above  Twenty  persons  would  not  stir  beyond  the  Bridge.  That 
he  this  Deponent  then  proceeded  with  the  Sherift'to  the  House,  and  found  that  not  above  Twenty 
persons  of  the  posse  attended  him  there,  that  the  rest  of  the  posse  who  had  crossed  over  the  Bridge 
kept  liack  at  some  distance  from  the  House  notwithstanding  the  Sheriffs  repeated  request  to  the 
contrary — That  when  the  Sheriff  came  up  to  the  House  he  this  Deponent  saw  that  a  number  of 
people  who  appeared  in  opposition  to  the  Sheriffs  posse  had  taken  possession  of  a  small  Ridge  North 
of  the  said  House  that  another  party  of  such  men  had  the  possession  of  a  rising  Ground  South  p]ast  of 
the  House  about  100  yards  distance,  that  the  House  was  Locked  and  a  number  of  Looj)  holes  made 
as  this  Deponent  conceives  to  be  made  use  of  to  fire  thro'  That  this  Deponent  saw  the  Sheriff  knock 


I 


II;  i 


I  » 


I  -'f 


448 


CONTROVCKtV    KUPCCTINU    TIIC    NEW    IIAMIHtllIRK   ukANTt. 


ill' 


nt  the  Door  mid  (Icsir*'  lulniittatici*  iiml  ii(*<iiiiiiiited  tlioso  in  tlic  Iluiisn  tlitit  lie  unt  t1i*>  Slipriir*  of 
till'  Cuiiiity  of  Alliaiiy  ami  had  a  writ  of  (tosscSHiuti  ugaiiist  tiiat  lloiiitc — That  tliose  who  ut  re  111 
the  lIoiiM'  ivriisi'd  siiirciuh'iiiii;  tin-  ixis-^i-nsinii  hy  sayiiif?  t!iat  llu-y  wouM  not  i^Uc  iii»— That  tticii  flic 
Sln'riiroidrr«'d  tliouiitt  of  |ioss('!«s|mu  (o  lu-n-ad  wlikli  was uccoidiimly  done,  That  ho  this  I)<'iioii«  iif, 
i«i'i'iiig  the  iiM'ii  Soiitli  Ka^t  of  (Iit>  said  llniist',  wnit  up  to  tli*>iii  tliat  the  ShnilV  al^o  iiiin*'  ii|)  to 
tlicin,  that  hflori'  they  canu-  to  the  j>la<o  tlinr  ul'  tin-  jmi'ty  iiitt  tiiis  l)t'|)o!iinl  and  thf  Sht'ritl  and 
d«'sirfd  tlieni  to  bego!ic,nMd  u))on  the  Slu-rllVs  rei{U*'Sting  thftii  to  assist  him  In  Kulninc;  the  poHsession 
and  rflusiii^^  to  depart,  lliese  men  (;ave  notice  to  tiieir  party  to  cock  their  iiiecen  which  wa;*  accor- 
dingly done  whereupon  the  SlierilV  and  this  Deponent  returned  to  tlie  House.  Tiiat  lie  this  Deponent 
jiidj^ed  that  this  jtarty  consisted  of  above  forty  men  who  were  all  of  them  armed  with  (inns,  Tliat 
ln>  this  licponent  and  the  Slierift"  went  to  the  party  who  liad  the  possessitm  of  the  Rroiind  North  of 
the  House,  Tiiat  when  they  had  proceeded  to  u  fence,  they  were  ordered  l>y  the  party  not  to  come 
over  it— Tliat  the  Mieritl"  asked  tliem  what  iliisiness  they  had  tliere  ;  Tliat  they  then  usked  the 
Sherilf  what  btisiness  he  had  there,  that  lie  the  Sheriff  inl'ormed  them  tiiat  he  came  there  to  take 
the  possession  of  JJrakenrid^'c's  House — That  those  peojile  then  oidered  them  to  Depart  and  tliat  if 
they  did  not  tiiey  would  make  tlieiii  Dei>art  Wheieiipoii  the  Sheriff  returned  to  the  House,  and  again 
j)uslied  and  knocked  at  the  Door  and  lecjiusted  admission  tlio'  uiisuccessfiill,  that  then  the  Sheriff 
called  tooneof  his  Deputies  fir  an  nxe  in  order  to  break  open  the  Door.  That  as  soon  as  the  Sheriff 
had  tlie  ax  the  party  lyinc;  Soiilii  I'ast  of  the  House  presented  their  (inns — and  he  this  Deponent 
8eein)»  tliat  if  the  Sheriff  jn'oceeded  to  the  forcing  the  Door,  the  eonseiiuence  would  probably  be  the 
Death  of  the  Small  party  remaining  with  hitn  took  hold  of  the  Sherill'  and  prevented  him  from 
endeavouring  tlie  llircinfj;  the  saiil  Door— That  thereupon  the  posse  returned — That  the  Sheriff  then 
commanded  the  jiosse  to  aiiotiier  place  whereof  he  was  to  deliver  the  possession,  that  t!io  said 
posse  refused  attending  him.     And  I'arther  this  Deponent  salth  not. 

William  Pkmdkrtok. 
Sworn  before  me  this  28">  Day  of  August  1771 

VoLKKRT  p.  Doi'w  Justice. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JOHN  ROORBACK. 


City  of  Albany  ss.  Jons  Kookback,  Esq'  one  of  the  Aldermen  of  tliis  City,  and  one  of  his 
Majesty's  Justices  of  tlie  Peace  for  the  said  City  &  County  :  who  niaketh  oath,  that  about  the  middle 
of  July  last  he  was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck  Jun  Esu'  High  Sherill'  of  the  City  &,  County  of 
Albany,  to  assist  in  a  Posse  of  the  County  to  be  raised  by  him  In  obtaining  Possession  of  the  House 
&  Farm  of  James  lirakenrldge  at  Wallomskac-k  by  virtue  of  a  wrltt  of  Possession  to  him  directed. 
Issued  out  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature  of  New  York  :  in  C(jnse(|uence  of  which  Summons  he 
with  many  others  attended  the  Slieriff  to  the  H(jnse  (said  to  be  the  said  Brakenridge's):  that  at  their 
coming  theire  they  I'ound  (us  they  had  been  before  infoim'd)  the  House  to  ajijiearaiice  full  of  men 
and  the  Doors  fastened  and  Looji  Holes  made  therein  as  well  as  mother  parts  of  the  House  which 
he  believes  were  made  to  make  Defence  In  Case  any  attempt  of  vuilence  should  be  made  on  said 
House  :  that  the  Sheriff  tleij.anded  admittance  which  those  from  within  refused, on  which  the  SherilV 
told  them  who  he  was  &  InformM  them  of  his  Business  and  asked  whether  they  were  within  hearing 
they  answere*!  in  the  affirmative  on  which   the  Sheriff  Standing  at  the  Door  with  Robert  Yates 


uoNTRuvKRiY  ni.spr.cTiira  riic  ifrw  iiamp«iiiiik  oiUNTt. 


410 


Esq'  t!ie  latter  rond  tlip  wrltt  of  l'o»s»'s«liin  with  nii  niidalil*'  vnlrp  wlilHi  lliry  from  wItMn  fllsr*'- 
^aiditl  and  |i«-i'Slst<'(l  111  i'et\isltiu;  Hiliiiitt.iii<'t>.  On  wliirli  tlii'  i^niiti-st  I'liit  of  ('ic  I'osm-  liciii'j;  ntirMl 
l>«'in;(  iiitliiiatt'd  liy  ii  roiisidcnil)!!'  iiiinilx-r  df  aiiiicil  uicii  i<ii  the  Suiitli  Ka^t  Sc  iiiintliri'  I'liily  nii 
till' iMi'th  of  said  House  at  tlif  Distaiu'c  ol' ahmit  nii(>  Imiidit'd  }iii'd  rrmii  said  |[iiiim<' ;  the  Slit  rilV 
ciidfuvimri'd  scveiul  times  tn  riiliy  tin'  I'nssf,  init  \vii4  kd't  wltli  tliin  I)c|MiiH>iit  and  alxiut  twenty 
otln'M  (III  tlie  S|Mit,  and  once  wlifii  iIk-  SlifrjlV  kiinckM  witli  Ms  HaiiRcr  ani.iiist  thr  Dcmt  this  I)t]Mi- 
iiciit  licar'das  it  \vt>rt'  tlic  ('(icl<lii;i(>l'  i'^in-  aiiiisand  luolviii)^  louards  tlif  Nurtli  (wldoli  tlit'  Dixir  nf  tho 
IIniiso  lacfd)  saw  scverul  men  stand  in  tli<>  Posture  oriin'init,  iiiid  verily  hellt-ves  tliat  if  the  Slinill' 
had  atleiujited  to  toi'cc  o]i<'n  th<;  Dour  tliat  scNeral  l,i\*'S  woiild  liav>>  hit'ii  lost,  and  as  tlit>  Slit  rill's 
I'aily  were  unaiined  (except  a  very  lew)tlds  Deponent  is  e(in\  ineed  tliat  tliesheiilVdid  all  that  a  pru- 
dent, man  could  do  toohtain  the  Possession  ut  said  Iii'ukeiiridu;(''s  and  Ids  liad  success  there  made  it 
iiiipossihlo  for  him  to  keep  the  Posso  to  go  as  ho  suiil  to  one  ruljcr's  on  a  like  Krruiid,  and 

J.    KoUHUACK. 


I'urtlier  tlio  Deponent  Suith  not. 


Sworn  this  10"'  October  1771,  Before  me. 

Jacod  C.  Ten  K  ck  Justice. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  AB.  C   (\  .'LER. 

City  Allmny  ss  :  Abraham  C.  Ci'vi.f.r  Esci'  of  tlio  City  of  Albi>  *',  heing  duly  Swf>rn  nnd  Saith 
that  Sometime  In  July  last  this  deponent  wa}  si.:  nnoned  hy  lien. ,  Ten  Kyck  Esfi'  Sheriff  of  the 
City  &  County  of  Alhany,  to  assist  him  in  Exc  utiii^  a  writ  of  Possession  lur  tlic  lands  &,"  recover'd 
of  one  Hriikenridge  at  nenninc;toii,  tliat  he  this  deponent  did  attei:d  the  SlieriT  •  .th  his  jiossl  wlicn 
about  2  miles  from  said  Brnkenridj^es  jiossessioiis,  he  the  deponent,  was  desired  by  the  Sherilf  &  sonio 
of  the  Magistrates  in  the  Posse,  to  go  forward  to  speak  to  Breakenridge  hi  order  to  prevail  on  liim 
to  give  the  peaceable  Possession  of  the  house  &  lands  he  tlien  (Occupied,  and  wlien  he  this  depon' 
came  to  about  ^  mile  from  ^aid  Brakenridges  riuse  lie  was  desired  to  stop  &  not  proceed  across  a 
bridge  on  which  an  armed  man  stood  witli  some  otliers  near  to  him,  and  when  this  depon'  had 
acquainted  them  tliat  he  wanteil  to  speak  to  Brakenriilge  he  was  sufferM  to  jn-ocecd  on,  after  having 
pledged  his  honor  that  he  had  no  ill  design  ai^ainst  the  s''  Brekenrkl;^es  pcrs(m,  tluit  this  (Icjioiicnt 
did  use  many  convinceing  arguments  with  Brekenridge  to  prevail  on  lum  to  give  the  possession  to 
the  Sherilf  &  his  Possi,  but  all  this  deponent  couM  do  wouM  not  prevail  on  him,  and  it  appeared 
to  this  deponent  that  be  ivas  '"termlifd  with  those  about  him  to  keep  the  Possession,  that  this 
deponent  saw  a  great  number  r  •  v  ijile  asseml)Ied  about  Brekenridges  house,  and  went  to  them  & 
desired  them  in  his  Majestys  Name  to  disperse  which  they  seemingly  did,  that  this  deponent  returii'd 
to  the  Sheriff  &  jiosse  &  acquainted  the  Slieriifof  what  he  had  met  with  &  told  the  Sherilf  it  was  his 
opinion  he  cou'd  not  git  t'l"  Possession,  soon  alter  the  Sheriff  required  his  Posse  to  attend  him  to 
the  House  of  Brekenridg  ;  to  take  the  Possession  when  but  few  of  the  posse  wou'd  come  near  the 
lioiise  that  the  deponent  saw  the  Sherilf  push  at  the  door,  wliich  was  closed  that  he  cou'd  not  enter, 
that  this  deponent  saw  a  great  Number  of  armed  persons  near  the  house  who  were  determined  not  to 
suffer  the  -jheritf  &  Posse  take  the  possession,  and  that  he  saw  a  party  level  their  arms  towards  the 
Sheriff  &  the  few  of  the  posse  with  him  seemingly  with  an  intent  to  fire  on  the  first  offer  of 
violence  by  the  Sheriff,  that  the  deponent  judged  it  would  have  been  rashness  in  the  Sheriff  and 
Vol.  IV.  57 


t 


u 


450 


CONTROVEB8Y    REBPECTINO    THE   NEW    HAMPtlillBE   GRANTS. 


Posse  to  have  proceeded  to  violence  in  order  to  gain  flie  Possession,  tlint  tlie  depon*  believes  it 
cuu'd  not  iiare  been  elloctcd  &  Is  ul'  opinion  tliat  it'tlie  nttenipt  iwut  been  made,  tliut  many  uf  tlie 
Posse  wou'd  have  lost  their  lives,  and  farther  tliis  deponent  Saith  not. 


Abkm  C.  Cuyleh. 


Sworn  the  12">  October  1771  before  me. 

Jn<>  R.  Bleeckeb,  Ald">. 


11 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  VOLKERT  P;  DOUW. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  Volkert  P.  Douw  of  the  City  of  Albany  merchant  of  fnll  age  being  duly  sworn 
deposeth  and  saith  tliat  Some  Time  in  July  last  past  lie  this  deponent  was  Summons  by  Henry  Ten 
Eyck  Esq'  Sherift'  for  the  City  and  Coiuity  of  Albany  to  assist  Iiim  in  Takinge  possession  of  tlie  liouse 
and  Lands  that  were  in  tlie  possession  of  James  Biakenridge  at  Bennington  in  the  county  of  Albany 
that  when  the  Sheriff  with  the  posse  proceeded  to  a  Bridge  about  lialf  a  mile  from  the  said  liouse  a 
stop  was  made  for  some  short  Time  in  order  to  see  wliether  by  tiie  persuasion  of  the  Mayor  of 
Albany  and  some  other  Gentlemen  wlio  were  Gone  to  Brakinridge  if  the  could  not  prevail  on  him 
to  surrender  the  possession  peaceably  as  I  was  informed  tliat  upon  their  return  and  the  Sheriff 
Informed  that  tliey  would  not  surrender  lie  ordered  the  posse  to  Proceed  over  tlie  Bridge  to  the  said 
liouse  that  he  this  deponent  then  proceeded  with  the  Siieriff  to  the  house  and  found  that  not  above 
twenty  or  thirty  persons  of  the  posse  Attended  the  Siieriff  to  tlie  house  of  Brakenridge  the  remainder 
of  the  posse  kept  Back  at  some  distance  from  the  house  the  Sheriff  requested  of  them  to  cum  up  to 
the  house  but  they  did  not  cum  he  this  Deponent  saw  a  number  of  peopl  who  appeared  in  opposi- 
tion to  the  Sheriffs  posse  had  taken  possession  of  a  small  Ridge  North  East  from  the  house  And 
another  party  of  about  twenty  or  thirty  men  had  the  possession  of  a  reising  Ground  Sout  East  of 
the  house  about  200  yards  Distance  that  this  Deponent  saw  the  Sheriff  knock  at  the  Door  and 
desire  admittance  and  Acquainted  those  in  the  house  that  he  had  a  writ  of  possession  against  that 
house  that  those  that  were  in  the  house  refused  admittance  to  the  Sheriff  that  the  Sheriff  ordered 
the  writ  of  possession  to  be  read  which  was  accordingly  Done  that  the  party  Lying  Sout  East  of 
the  house  when  the  Sheriff  knock  at  the  door  presented  their  Guns  at  the  Sheriff  and  his  parly  and 
further  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

VOLKEBT    P.  Douw. 

Sworn  before  me  this  12  Day  of  October  1771. 

Petek  Lansingh,  Alderman. 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JNO.  R.  BLEECKER. 

John  R.  Blef.cker  of  the  City  of  Albany  of  full  age  being  duly  sworn  on  the  holy  evangelist  of 
Almighty  God  deposeth  and  saith,  that  some  time  in  the  month  of  July  last  past  this  Deponent  was 
summoned  by  Henry  Ten  J^yck  Jnn'  Esq'  high  Sheriff  of  the  City  and  County  of  Albany  to  assist  the 
said  Sheriff  to  take  possession  of  the  Houses  and  Farms  of  James  Brackenridge  and  Josiaii  Fuller  at 
Bennington,  that  this  Deponent  togethor  with  sundry  other  Persons  went  with  the  said  Sheriff  the 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING  THE  MEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


451 


Thursday  next  following  after  he  had  been  so  summoned  as  farr  as  Sankhaick  and  the  next  day 
escorted  tlie  said  Sheritf  accompanied  l>y  many  otiier  persons  to  the  House  of  tlie  said  James  Brack- 
enridge,  tliat  this  Deponent  found  a  number  of  Persons  about  the  said  House  armed  witli  Clubs 
staves  Guns  and  other  offensive  Weapons  all  unknown  to  tliis  Deponent,  that  this  Deponent  under- 
stood tliat  the  said  Persons  so  armed  were  met  togetlier  with  an  Intent  to  oppose  the  said  Siieriff  to 
take  possession  of  tlie  said  House  and  that  they  had  placed  themselves  in  such  situations  as  if  they 
Had  expected  to  engage  with  an  approaching  Enemy,  that  the  said  Sheriff  went  np  to  the  Door  of 
the  said  House  which  was  shut,  and  this  Deponent  was  informed  that  there  were  a  Number  of  armed 
Men  in  the  said  House  who  were  determined  to  keep  the  said  Sheriff  &  his  associates  out  of  the  said 
House  in  Case  they  should  offer  to  take  Possession  of  it.  that  this  Deponent  and  Abraham  C.  Cuyler 
Esq'  went  up  towards  a  number  of  the  said  Persons  who  had  placed  themselves  near  the  said  House 
in  order  to  summons  them  to  assist  the  said  Sheriff  to  take  the  possession  but  that  when  this  Depo- 
nent and  the  said  Abraham  C.  Cuyler  approached  near  them  they  ordered  this  Deponent  and  the 
said  Abraham  C.  Cuyler  to  stand  off  and  this  Deponent  has  great  reason  to  think  that  if  the  said 
Sheriff  had  attempted  to  break  open  the  said  House  he  would  have  been  in  the  utipost  Danger  of 
losing  his  Life  and  all  those  that  would  have  assisted  him  in  the  attempt.  Jno  R.  Bleecker. 

Sworn  before  me  this  12n>  Day  of  October  1771. 

Abm  C.  Cuyler  Mayor 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  CHRISTOPHER  P.  YATES. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  Christopher  P.  Yates  of  the  City  of  Albany,  Attorney  at  Law,  being  duly 
sworn  deposeth  and  saith,  That  some  Time  in  July  last.  He  was  summoned  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck 
Esqf  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Albany,  as  one  of  the  Posse  to  assist  him  to  dispossess,  James  Breakeu- 
age  and  Josiah  Fuller  from  Farms  and  Messuages  which  had  been  recovered  against  them  by  Due 
Course  of  Law,  That  pursuant  to  his  summons  he  repaired  to  the  Place  appointed  by  the  Sheriff 
lor  tlie  Posse  to  meet,  That  from  thence  tlie  Siieriff  with  about  one  hundred  and  thirty  men  proceeded 
to  Breaknage's  House,  and  by  the  way  found  a  Bridge  taken  up  where  the  Rioters  gave  the  Sheriff 
to  understand  that  they  would  not  give  up  the  possession,  upon  which  the  Sheritf  ordered  his  posse 
to  follow  him  to  the  House,  That  when  the  Sheriff  came  up  to  the  House,  lie  knocked  at  the  Door 
and  demanded  entrance  which  the  people  from  within  refused  That  there  were  a  very  large  Number 
of  men  assembled  with  arms  to  oppose  the  posse,  &  tliis  Deponent  further  saith  that  when  the  sheriff 
called  for  an  axe  to  force  Entrance  into  the  House  a  Number  of  men  in  a  Field  adjoining  arose  and 
if  this  Deponent  remembers  right  one  presented  his  Gun  to  the  Siieriff,  the  posse  seeing  which  tried 
to  persuade  tlie  Sheriff  to  lay  dowA  the  axe  and  leave  the  House,  representing  to  him  the  Dangerous 
consequences  that  would  attend,  for,  this  Deponent  believes  that  if  the  Sheriff  had  not  desisted  from 
breaking  into  the  House,  not  only  those  from  witliiu  but  likewise  the  party  from  the  Fields  would 
have  Bird  upon  tlie  Sheritf  and  his  Posse,  and  probaldy  the  Death  of  Several  of  them  would  have 
been  the  result,  That  when  the  Siieriff  left  the  House  he  ordered  his  Posse  not  to  depart  for  he 
designed  to  go  to  Fullers  House,  but  notwithstanding  his  orders  more  than  one  half  of  the  posse 
departed,  and  he  was  at  last  obliged  (seeing  so  few  attended  him)  to  discharge  the  whole  and  further 
this  Deponent  saith  not.  Chris.  P.  Yates. 

Sworn  the  22''>  October  1771  before  me 

VOLKERT    P.    DOUW   JudgC. 


452  CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   CRANX: 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  GYSBERT  G.  MARSELIS. 

City  of  Albany  ss.  Gysbert  G.  Marselis  Esq'  one  of  the  Aldermen  of  the  said  City  of  Albany 
&  one  of  l>is  Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  tlie  said  City  &  County,  being  duly  sworn  deposeth 
and  suit]i  that  he  tliis  deponent  was  summoned  some  time  Last  June  or  July  by  Henry  Ten  Eyck 
Juu''  Esqf  liigh  sherllF  fur  the  said  City  and  County  of  Albany,  as  part  ol  the  Posse  to  assist  him  in 
Executing  a  writt  of  Possession  for  tlie  Lands  and  Tenements  recovered  of  one  Brakenridge  at  a 
place  called  Beimingtown,  tliat  he  tliis  Deponent  pursuant  to  such  sununons  did  go  to  the  said  place 
that  tlie  said  Slieritf  was  attended  to  within  about  a  quarter  of  a  Mile  of  tlie  said  Possession,  by 
about  one  hundred  and  Fifty  men  assembled  by  his  command  for  the  purpose  as  tliis  Deponent 
understood  of  assisting  him,  lie  the  said  Sherilf  required  his  said  Posse  to  proceed  with  him  to  tlie 
said  Lands  and  Tenements,  That  tlie  greater  part  of  the  said  Posse  did  attend  him  near  to  tlie  said 
place  and  about  Twenty  or  thirty  persons  to  tiie  House  of  Brakenridge,  That  when  tlie  Sheriff  came 
to  the  said  House,  and  pushed  at  tlie  door  lie  found  the  same  was  Locked  or  closed  so  that  entry 
could  not  be  easily  effected  witliout  violence,  that  this  Deponent  saw  a  number  of  persons  south  east 
of  the  said  House  and  anotlier  party  north  of  the  said  House  armed  with  guns  who  this 
Dqionent  Judged  by  their  appearance  and  actions  were  there  for  tlie  purpose  of  vuilently  opposing 
tlie  said  Sheriff  in  the  Execution  of  his  Oilice.  Tiiat  this  Deponent  also  observed  that  tlie  said 
House  had  been  put  in  a  posture  of  Defence  there  being  a  number  of  Loop  holes  made  in  it  and  by 
their  having  as  this  Deponent  understood  secured  or  barricaded  the  Door,  and  that  a  number  of  per- 
sons were  in  the  House,  That  very  few  of  the  Posse  acconipeuing  the  Sheriff  were  armed,  Tliat 
tiierefore  this  Deponent  Judged  it  would  have  been  rashness  in  the  Sherifi'  and  Posse  to  have  pro- 
ceeded to  violence  in  order  to  gain  tlie  Possession  as  the  certain  consequence  in  this  Deponents 
opinion  would  have  been  the  Loss  of  some  of  tlieir  Lives,  and  tliat  witliout  the  Posse  being  in 
capacity  to  resist  tlieni  on  equal  Terms  Tiiat  tiierefore  after  tlie  Posse  or  part  tiiereof  liad  remained 
sometime  by  and  near  the  House  of  Breakiniidge  they  returned,  that  the  said  Slieriti"  Before  the 
Posse  had  proceeded  on  tlieir  return  above  a  (juarter  of  a  mile,  that  he  iiad  also  a  writt  of  possession 
for  the  farm  of  one  Fuller  and  requested  him  tliis  Deponent  and  others  to  assist  him  in  faking 
possession  of  the  same,  Tliat  tliis  Deponent  was  ready  to  attend  him,  but  seeing  that  most  of  the 
Posse  made  off  for  their  respective  abodes,  he  this  Deponent  did  also  return  to  which  lie  w'as  the 
more  readily  induced  from  the  consideration  of  the  Little  Probability  there  was  that  the  Sheriff"  could 
succeed  in  gaining  this  Latter  Possession  wlien  he  had  been  so  unsuccessful  in  the  attempt  on 
Brakenridge  and  further  this  Deponent  saith  not. 

Gysbert  G.  Marselis. 

Sworn  tlxis  Twelfth  day  of  October  1771,    Before  me. 

Volkert  p.  Douw. 


ESQR    MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

May  it  Please  your  Excellency 

I  take  the  liberty  of  acquainting  your  Excellency  that  on  the  evening  of  the  2'l  day  of  this  instant 
noveiiiber  your  excelleiic)  s  litter  to  the  Justices  relative  to  the  Dispossessing  of  a  number  reduced 
Soldiers  was  delivered  to  me  by  one  of  the  Complainants  who  informs  me  of  their  being  drove  to 


OONTROVERSV    BESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


453 


the  greatest  distress  with  their  familys  many  of  them  being  Sick  and  not  able  to  work — he  also 
informs  rae  of  the  New  Hampshire  claimants  Driving  them  off  tlie  land  before  they  had  any  time 
to  build — in  tlie  meantime  I  have  taken  proof  against  them  and  issued  warrants  for  apprehending 
and  carrying  a  number  of  them  to  Goal  tliorougli  tlie  woods  if  Possible  which  I  liope  will  be  done. 
I  should  have  proceeded  on  the  view  according  to  your  Excellency's  Orders  but  I  have  been  confind'd 
to  my  room  ever  since  I  came  trom  New  York  lieing  in  a  very  bad  state  of  Iitalth. 

I  have  sent  your  Excellency's  letter  with  the  Copy  of  tlie  complainant  to  M''  Jolin  Macomb,  and 
doubt  not  but  he  &  tlie  other  Justices  will  proceed  according  to  tlieir  orders  and  in  few  days  make 
their  return  to  your  Excellency  I  herewitli  Send  to  your  Excellency  a  copy  of  John  Todds  complaint 
upon  oath  who  have  been  also  disposses'd  tliis  man  came  from  Ireland  with  a  number  of  other 
Settlers.  I  am  sorry  to  inform  your  Excellency  that  the  same  Factious  Spirit  still  prevails  thorougliout 
this  Country,  for  its  got  so  tliat  no  man  durst  Si>eake  one  word  in  liivour  of  this  Government  without 
being  in  danger  of  botli  life  and  property — for  they  declare  tliemselves  not  afraid  of  all  the  Force  that 
tliis  Government  can  send  against  them  and  they  will  liold  the  land  in  defyance  of  his  Majestys 
should  lie  go  contrary  to  what  they  tiling  is  right. 

Their  agents  are  returned  from  seeing  M''  Jolmson  (who  if  their  Story  be  true)  has  assured  them 
that  tliey  shall  hold  all  their  Lands  as  granted  to  them  liy  New  Ilampsliire  this  News  bloas  tiie 
Coals,  and  they  are  crouding  up  to  this  Coiiiifry  as  if  all  New  England  was  set  on  fire. 

The  conduct  of  those  people  will  undoubtedly  Ruin  the  Settlements  in  tliis  part  of  the  County  ; 
for  no  man  Durst  Settle  but  a  new  England  man.  1  shall  endeavour  to  give  your  Excellency  every 
Information  that  can  be  of  service  to  this  Government. 

And  I  am  with  Due  Obedience  Your  Excellency 

very  faithful  Servant  to  Command 

Fowlis  Nov'  Ch  1771.  John  Munro. 

P.  S  :    Since  I  wrote  the  above,  I  am  informed  tliat  they  sent  a  Petition  to  his  Majesty  Praying  to 

have  the  Jurisdiction  changed  to  New  Hampshire  as  far  west  as  to  include  all  the  Grants  which  Gov' 

Wentworth  made,  at  tlie  Same  time  praying  liis  Majesty  not  to  determin  upon  the  Board  of  trade's 

report  untill  the  Jurisdiction  is  first  altered  :    I  hope  your  Excellency  will  pardon  the  Defects  of  my 

letter  &  I  am  with  submission  as  above. 

John  Munro. 


'  1 


WARRANT  TO  ARREST  CERTAIN  RIOTERS  IN  RUPERT. 


County  Albany  ss  :   By  Alex'  M'^Naughton  Esq"  one  of  his  Majestys  Justices  in  &  for  said  County. 

Whereas  one  Charles  Hutchesson  late  Corporal  in  Col :  Montgomerys  highland  regm'  of  foot  Com- 
peared before  me  &  being  duly  Swori.  Deposeth  and  Saith. 

That  upon  the  29"»  day  of  Oct'  last  or  one  or  otlier  of  the  days  of  said  montii  the  Deponent 
being  at  work  upon  a  Lott  of  200  aTes  of  land  granted  him  by  Patent  from  under  the  Seal  of  this 
Province  of  New  York  said  land  being  vacant  lying  about  15  miles  East  of  Hudsons  river  &  4  miles 
North  of  New  Perth  township  in  County  Albany  :  There  assembled  Nine  men  who  call  themselves 
New  Hampshire  men  about  the  Deponents  luHise  which  he  had  built  on  said  Lott  and  the  Deponent 
observing  aM  having  fire  arms  &  attempting  to  demolish  his  house  he  loft  his  work  caiae  &  earnestly 
desired  them  to  stop  whereupon  one  Sirnamed  Alien,  another  Baker  &  one  Sevil  witli  Ro'  Cochran 


Ik 


454 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTIKG   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


k  5  other  names  unknown  to  tlie  Deponent  said  that  tliey  would  burn  it  for  tliot  morning  tliey  liad 
resolved  to  ott'cr  a  burnt  Sacrifice  to  the  Gods  of  the  world  in  b»u-ning  tlie  liOgs  t)f  tliat  iiouse  That 
then  they  kindled  4  fires  on  the  Logs  of  the  house  Said  Alien  &,  Uaker  iiolding  2  clubbs  over  tlie 
Deponents  head  ready  to  strike  CDUiinanded  Iiiiu  to  leave  tiiat  land  &  not  say  one  word  to  tlieni. 
'iliat  if  ever  he  returned  lie  should  be  l)arliaruiisly  used.  That  the  fires  being  kindled  said  Allen  & 
n.ikcr  Insoh'Ully  said  to  th.e  Deponent — Go  your  way  now  &  complain  to  tliat  Damned  Scoundrel 
jour  Governor.  God  Danui  yoiw  Governonr,  Laws,  King,  Council  &,  Assembly.  Tliat  said  Allen  & 
l)aker  repeated  saitl  horrible  Curses.  Tliat  when  tlie  Deponent  reproved  them  for  it  the  said  Allen 
Said  (J — <1  Damn  your  Soul,  are  yon  going  to  preach  to  us — and  Jurther  said  That  if  ever  any  Con- 
.sia!>I<'  attempted  to  arrest  tiieni  they  would  kill  them  That  if  ever  any  of  them  were  put  in  Albany 
(]'t,i\  t'ley  woultl  break  it  down  &  rescue  him,  That  then  the  Deponent  fled  to  New  Perth  where  he 
now  ii'sides  witli  his  family. 

'I'liat  the  !)ei>i)nent  is  credibly  informed  they  often  boast  they  can  on  short  warning  Aiise  many 
lUUs  New  Hampshire  men  to  prevent  any  Soldiers  or  others  Settling  on  these  lands  &  curse  the 
regular  troops — Tliat  said  Kioters  have  also  burnt  down  the  house  of  one  John  Reid  that  same  day, 
thiit  8  or  9  more  familys  were  driven  olf  their  lands  in  the  Deponents  vicinity  lately  grant'd  to 
them  by  N.  \ork  Government  according  to  His  Majestys  Instructions.  That  said  Expell'd  people 
were  all  living  in  &  about  New  Perth  &  suffered  greatly  by  said  Expulsion  of  said  New  Hampshire 
men  who  now  claim  said  lands  that  the  Deponent  is  also  credibly  Intbrm'd  said  Allen  Denys  the  Being 
of  a  God  &  Denys  that  that  there  is  any  Infernal  Spirit  existing,  &  further  Saith  not. 

Sic  Subscribitur  Charles  Hutcueson 

These  are  Therefore  in  His  Majestys  name  Commanding  you  John  Reid  Constable  in  said  County 
forthwith  to  Call  a  Competent  Number  of  Her  Majestys  good  Stibjects  in  your  vicinity  to  Arms  &  go 
to  the  place  called  Rupert  were  it  is  said  these  Rioters  reside  &  by  all  due  means  aprehend  the  said 
Baker,  Allen,  Sevil  &  Rob'  Cochran  with  their  said  Accomplices  &  them  bring  forthwith  before  me 
or  some  other  of  His  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  in  &  for  said  County  to  be  Dealt  with  according 
as  the  Law  Directs.    Given  under  my  hand  &  seal  at  New  Perth  the  12U>  day  of  Nov  1771. 

Sic  Subscribitur  Alex  :  McNaughton. 


ESQR  MCNACHTON  TO  COL.  FANNING 


Sir 

Esq"  Monro  &  Skeen  being  indisposed  &  living  at  a  great  distant  the  Expell'd  people  sent  me 
word  &  I  met  them  at  D'  Clarks  house  in  New  Pertli  this  day,  Issued  warrants  to  apprehend  the 
New  Hampshire  rioters  &  traitors  but  their  number  &  Situation  in  the  mountains  in  such  that  I  am 
of  Opinion  no  Sheritf  or  constable  will  aprehend  them  That  it  will  be  highly  necessary  for  His 
Majestys  Peace  &  the  relief  of  these  distrest  highbinders  who  fought  valiently  thro'  the  last  campaign 
that  His  Excellency  in  Council  Issue  His  Proclamation  offering  a  reward  for  apprehending  those 
abominable  wretches  That  then  some  person  of  their  own  sort  will  artfully  betray  them  This  I  only 
sugest  in  all  humility  but  on  the  very  Eve  of  a  long  hard  winter  it  is  very  Schocking  to  see  so  many 


CONTROVERSY    RK8PECTIMG   THE   MEW    HAMPtHIRE   GRAMTt. 


45S 


poor  familys  reduced  to  so  great  Distress  and  if  they  had  not  been  hospitably  entertained  by  the 
Rev'd  M'  Clark  &  his  people  their  Straits  must  have  been  exceeding  great.  An  attempt  will  be 
made  in  a  few  days  to  arrest  them  &  shall  tlten  advise  you  of  the  event  am  Sir 

Your  most  Humble  Servant 

Alexander  Mc  Nachtom. 
New  Perth  Nov'  12«h  1771. 
To  Col:  Panning  Secretary 


MINUTES  OF  COUNCIL 

RELATIVE  TO  THE  GOVERNOR   OF   NEW    HAMPSHIRE'S    LETTER   TOUCHING   THE  RIOTOUS    BEHAVIOUR  OF   THE 

NEW    H.\MPSHIRE    GRANTEES. 

[  Couno.  Min.  XXVI.  ] 

In  Council  November  13'h  1771. 

His  Excellency  was  pleased  to  communicate  a  Letter  of  the  19'h  day  of  October  last,  from  Benning 
Wentliworth  Esq'  Governor  of  the  province  of  New  Hampshire,  in  Answer  to  a  Letter  from  liis 
Excellency  tlie  Governor  of  tills  province,  comjjlaining  of  an  Exparte  Survey  of  tlie  River  Connecticut 
lately  made  by  tlie  Government  of  New  Hampshire,  also  informing  Governor  Wentworth  of  the  Uiotous 
Beliaviour  of  Persons  within  this  province  claiminjj  Lands  under  Giants  of  New  Hampshire,  and  that 
the  Riotous  Spirit  of  those  people  seems  to  l)e  grea.ly  owing  to  the  assurances  tlicy  pretend  to  liave 
rec(MVed  from  Governor  Wentworth  that  the  Line  will  be  altered  so  as  to  includo  the  said  claimants 
wltliin  the  Jurisdiction  of  liis  Government — in  whicli  Letter  Governor  Wentworth  utterly  disclaims 
any  sucli  or  the  ]\ke  Assurances,  and  declares  that  he  liad  invariably  recommended  implicit  obedience 
to  the  Laws,  and  upon  all  occasions  positively  disavowed  any  connections  with  those  people,  and 
observes  tliat  lie  tliouglit  it  unnecessary  to  consult  this  Government  previous  to  the  late  Survey  of 
Connecticut  Itiver,  as  that  River  is  comprehended  within  the  Limits  of  his  own  Government. 

Tlie  Board  taking  into  Consideration  the  dangerous  Tendency  of  the  Disturbances  at  present 
prevailing  in  that  part  of  the  Country,  and  tiiat  Governor  Wentworth  had  not  thought  proper  by 
public  act  of  his  Government  to  disavow  the  assurances,  the  Rioters  pretend  to  have  received  from 
him,  humbly  advised  his  Excellency,  and  it  is  accordingly  ordered  by  liis  Excellency  the  Governor 
with  the  Advice  of  the  Council,  that  a  proclamation  be  prepared  notifying  the  declaration  of 
Governor  Wentworth  on  tliis  subject  contained  in  his  Letter  above  mentioned — Stating  the  claim  of 
this  Province  to  the  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River — Strictly  injoining  the  Inhabitants  of 
those  Lands  to  yield  Obedience  to  the  Laws  within  this  Government :  And  derecting  the  Magistrates 
and  other  Civil  Officers  to  be  vigilant  in  their  Duty  and  attentive  to  the  Preservation  of  tlie  public 
Peace  ;  and  to  transmit  the  Names  of  all  offenders  herein,  that  such  measures  may  be  taken  lor  their 
punisliment,  as  tlie  Nature  of  their  Crimes  shall  require — And  that  the  Draft  of  such  proclamation 
wlien  prepared  be  laid  before  his  Excellency  for  the  approbation  of  this  Board. 


m 


OOMTROVERSY    RK8PECTIKO    THE   MEW    HAMPSHIRE  CHANTS. 


■f: 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  YOJi  THE  AilREST  OF  ETHAN  ALLEN  AND  OTHER  RIOTERS. 

[  Counc.  Mill.  XXVI.  ] 

In  Cdincii.  Noveinber  27"'  HTl 
His  Excellency  coininuniciitcd  to  llie  Uoiud  ti  Letter  fruiu  Alexaiidei'  McNaghten  Esijuire,  oiio 
of  his  Miijesty's  Justices  ai'  the  Peace  ibr  tlie  Cuiuity  of  Albany,  advising  tliat  lie  liad  in  inirsuanco 
of  his  Excellency's  Directions  by  tlie  Advice  of  the  Board  of  tlie  '21"  August  last,  inquired  into  tlio 
Riotous  Conduct  of  tlie  persons  who  had  forcibly  dispossessed  IXmald  Mclnlire  and  otliers  seatetl 
on  Lands  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River  under  Grants  of  tliis  ju'ovince,  and  liad  issued  a  Warrant 
for  nppreliending  Robert  Cockran  and  tin-ee  otiier  persons,  iaiown  by  tlie  Sirnanies  of  Allen,  Baker 
and  Sevil,  charged  with  pulling  down  and  burning  the  House  of  Ciiarles  Hulclicsoii,  and  with  iuirn- 
ing  tlie  House  of  John  Reid  :  Rut  that  lie  appreliended  the  Number  of  the  New  Hampshire  Rioters 
and  their  situation  in  the  Mountains  was  such,  that  no  Sl.erif  or  Constable  would  apprehend  tlieni 
and  that  it  would  be  highly  necessary  Ibr  the  public  peace  and  the  Relief  of  the  sullerers  to  oiler  a 
Reward  for  apprehending  the  offenders — Whereupon  it  is  ordered  liy  his  Excellency  the  Governor 
with  the  advice  of  the  Council,  that  a  proclamation  issue  Ibr  apprehending  the  said  Cochran,  Allen, 
Baker  and  Sevil,  and  tiie  other  Five  persons  charged  with  the  Felony  and  tne  Riots  lately  committed 
by  them,  and  otfering  of  Twenty  pounds  to  be  paid  to  the  Persons  wlio  shall  appreliend  and  secure 
each  aiul  either  of  the  said  oilbnders,  that  they  may  be  proceeded  against  as  the  Law  directs. 

[Here  follows  tlio  Proclamation  almvc  directed,  dated  9tli  Dec'r  1771,  which  is  omitted  as  its  substance  is  embodied  in  the 
preceding  Order. — Ed.] 


PROCLAMATION 

REITERATING    THE    RIGHT    OF  NEW    VOHK    TO   THE   TERRITORY    IN    DISPUTE. 


By  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain  General  and  Governor 
in  Chief  in  and  over  the  Province  of  New  York  and  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America,  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  Same, 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  it  is  the  ancient  and  incontestible  Right  of  this  Colony  to 
extend  to  Connecticut  River  as  its  Eastern  Boundary;  and  sundry  loose  and 
disorderly  Persons  pretending  a  Claim  under  New  Hampshire  to  Lands 
far  Westward  of  the  said  River,  and  even  within  seventeen  miles  of  Hudsons  River  daily  commit 
Acts  of  Violence;  openly  bid  Defiance  to  the  Authority  of  this  Government  by  opjiosing  tiie  Exe- 
cution of  every  legal  Process  ;  and  have  lately  burnt  several  Dwelling  Houses,  and  by  Force 
dispossessed  divers  Person  seated  under  Titles  derived  from  this  Colony;  which  riotous  spirit  is 
stimulated  and  uplield  by  artful  and  wicked  Men,  who  endeavor  to  delude  the  Ignorant  and 
unwarv  into  a  Belief  tliat  a  twenty  mile  Line  from  Hudsons  River,  is  the  Boundary  between  tiiis 
Province  and  New  Hampshire,  and  that  its  Jurisdiction  will  be  fix'd  and  ascertained  accordingly 
by  his  Majesty's  Authority,  agrealile  to  tlie  assurances  they  pretend  to  have  received   from  the 


CONTROVERSY    UKSPECr.'Q    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


4S7 


Governor  of  New  Hampshire;  altlio'  by  a  Letter  to  me  of  the  19'h  day  of  October  Inst  bis  Exrel- 
leiiry  the  Gitveruor  oftliat  Province  utterly  discltiiiiis  any  such  or  tlie  Hke  Assurances,  and  tltcliires 
"that  be  bad  invariably  recommended  implicit  Oi)e(lience  to  tlie  Laws,  and  upon  all  (leciisions 
positively  disavowed  any  Connection  with  those  I'eople.  And  Whereas  it  is  become  highly  necessary 
that  this  Government  sliould  pursue  the  most  vigorous  Measures  to  suppress  tliat  daring  and 
licentidus  Spirit,  which  has  given  sn  nuicli  Disturbance  to  the  public  Peace,  and  Inlerriiplicu  to  the 
Course  of  Justice:  In  order  therefore  to  undeceive  sueh  deluded  Pei'sons,  and  to  luing  them  to  a 
sense  of  the  Duty  and  Submission  they  owe  to  tliis  Goveriunent;  and  that  none  mii.\  pntend 
Ignorance  of  the  just  Title  of  this  Province  to  tlie  Liinils  in  Question;  I  liave  thought  lit  v\ilh  the 
Advice  of  his  Majeoty's  Council  tit  issue  tliis  Proclamation,  berelty  publickly  notifying,  That  King 
Charles  the  Second  by  his  several  Letters  Patent  bearing  Date  the  12"'  day  of  March  1()(J311  and 
tlie  29"'  day  of  June  1G71,  did  Give  and  Grant  in  Fee  unto  bis  Brotlier  James  Duke  of  York  tlie 
River  called  Hudson's  River,  and  "^//  the  Lund  from  the  Wvst  Side  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  East 
Side  of  Delaware  Bay'''' — That  until  the  year  1741,  the  Limits  of  the  Province  of  New  Ibimpshiro 
were  confined  to  the  Territory  granted  to  Mason  and  Gorges,  which  extending  only  Sixty  Miles  from 
the  Sea  Coast,  did  not  ajiproach  Comiecticut  River  within  a  considerable  Distance — That  in  tlie  year 
1711  the  Crown  by  the  Royal  Conunission  to  the  late  Governor  (tf  that  Province,  fust  extended  its 
Limits  but  without  contracting  the  Rcmnds  of  the  other  Colonies,  it  being  expressly  declared  in  the 
said  Conunissinn,  that  New  Hampsliire  shall  extend  Westward  and  Northward  nnlil  it  niecfa  trith 
his  jMiijesly\i  other  Governments — That  the  Controversy  between  tlie  two  Provinces  touching  tlieir 
respective  Limits,  first  connnenced  in  tlie  year  1719,  when  the  late  Governor  of  New  Hampsliire  by 
Letter  of  the  17ii>  day  of  November,  signilied  to  the  then  Governour  of  tliis  Province,  tliat  be  had  it 
in  command  from  bis  Majesty  to  make  Griiuts  of  the  unimproved  Lands  in  New  Hampshire;  and 
desired  Inlbrmation  bow  far  Nortli  of  Albany  tliis  Province  extended,  and  how  many  Milt  s  to 
the  Eastward  of  Hudson's  River,  Northward  of  the  Massachusetts  Line  ;  that  be  niiglit  govern 
hinjself  accordingly — In  answer  to  which  Request,  this  Government  by  Letter  of  the  9"'  day  of 
Aprill  1750,  asserted  that  this  Province  is  bounded  Eastward  by  Connecticut  River,  the  before 
mentioned  Letters  Patent  I'rom  King  Charles  the  Second  to  the  Duke  of  York,  expressly  granting 
all  the  Lands  from  the  West  Side  of  Ctmnecticut  River  to  the  East  Side  of  Delaware  Bay — Tliat 
had  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  adverted  to  an  obvious  Distinction  between  their  own  Claim 
and  that  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  Connecticut  Colonies,  it  nuist  have  removeil  every  objec- 
tion ;  for,  however  exceptionable  in  other  Respects,  the  Titles  of  the  two  latter  Goveriunents  are 
founded  on  Charters  prior  to  the  Establishment  of  New  York,  but  the  Royal  Commission  which  first 
connected  the  Bounds  of  New  Hampshire  with  the  Limits  of  this  Province,  is  so  recent  as  tlie  year 
1741:  and  priority  of  Title,  the  only  argument  wliicb  could  be  urged  by  Massachusetts  Bay  or  Cim- 
necticut,  is  with  Regard  to  New  Hampshire  in  Favour  of  this  Province — The  late  Governour  W'ent- 
worth  nevertheless  in  answer  to  the  Inlbrmation  so  given  him  of  the  unquestionable  Riglit  of  this 
Colony  to  extend  to  Connecticut  River,  by  his  Letter  of  the  2b^^  Day  of  April  1750,  declared  that 
the  claim  of  New  Y'ork  to  Connecticut  River  as  its  Eastern  Boundary,  would  have  been  intirely 
satisfactory,  had  not  the  two  Charter  Governments  of  Massachusets  Bay  and  Connecticut,  extended 
their  Bounds  many  Miles  Westward  of  Connecticut  River;  find  that  it  being  the  opinion  of  his 
Majesty's  Council  of  that  Province,  that  New  Hampshire  had  au  equal  Right  to  claim  the  same  Extent 
of  Western  Boundary  with  those  Charter  Governments,  he  had  before  the  preceeding  Letter  came 
to  bis  Hands,  granted  one  Township,  due  North  of  the  Massachusets  liine,  and  by  Measurement 
twenty  four  Miles  East  of  the  City  of  Albany — That  the  Governor  of  this  Province  by  Letter  of 
the  Gil'  Day  of  June  1750,  exfressed  his  Surprize  nt  such  a  Procedure,  and  insisted  if  it  was  Still 
Vol.  IV.  Tift 


Bffn 

1 

m 


S'il 


r" 


458 


CONTROVERSY    RUPCCTINO   THE   NEW    HAMMHIRE   GRANTS. 


y  ■!    i'- 


In  his  (Governor  Wentwortli's)  Power  to  recal  tlie  Grant  he  had  made  of  tlie  gnid  Township,  Iiis 
doing  So  would  be  but  an  Act  of  Justice  to  tliis  Government ;  and  that  otlieiwise  lio  should  think 
himself  obliged  to  send  a  RepresentiKion  of  tlie  Matter  to  be  laid  beli)re  his  Majesty  ;  That  ns  to 
Connecticut,  tlieir  Claim  was  founded  on  an  amicable  agreement  witli  this  Colony  in  1083,  after- 
wards confirmed  l)y  King  William;  And  that  witli  resjject  to  the  Massachusets  Bay,  they  had 
possessed  themselves  of  tlie  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  by  Intrusion — That  tlie  said 
late  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  by  letter  of  tlie  22''  day  of  June  1750,  declared  tlie  Council  of 
tliat  Province  were  unanimously  of  tlie  opinion  not  to  commence  a  Dis])ute  with  this  Government 
respecting  the  Western  Extent  of  New  Hampshire,  until  his  Majesty'.  Pleasure  should  be  finther 
known  ;  and  accordingly  had  advised  that  he  should  on  the  Part  of  New  Hampshire,  make  a  Repre- 
sentation of  the  Matter  to  Ids  Majesty  ;  relying  that  the  Governor  of  this  Province  would  do  the 
Same  on  the  Part  of  New  York,  and  that  whatever  Should  be  determined  thereoi:,  that  Government 
would  esteem  their  Duty  to  acquiese  in  without  any  further  Dispute — That  there  was  no  Possibility 
of  vacating  the  Grant  he  had  made,  but  that  if  it  should  fall  by  his  Majesty's  Pfttrniuiation  within  the 
Government  of  New  York  it  would  be  void  ofcoume  That  this  Provin''e  nccepted  of  the  proprisal 
contained  in  the  last  mentioned  Letter,  mlding  that  it  would  be  for  the  mutual  advantage  of  both 
Provinces  to  exchange  copies  of  each  others  Uepresentution  ;  to  which  t'  Government  of  New 
Hampsliire  consented,  promising  to  transmit  an  authentick  copy  of  theirs  when  perfected  That  the 
late  Governor  of  that  Colony,  did  notwithstanding  State  and  transmit  the  claim  of  New  Hani]>shiru 
to  his  Majestys  Ministers,  by  Letter  dated  the  23''  day  of  March  175011,  without  previously  conunu- 
nicating  a  Copy  thereof  to  this  Government ;  the  first  Intimation  of  which  Transaction  was  hud 
from  their  own  agent  in  Great  Britain — That  the  Representation  containing  a  State  of  the  claim 
of  New  York  was  forwarded  to  the  proper  office  about  the  close  of  the  year  1751;  and  Iiirroachments 
having  been  made  by  tlie  Inhabitants  of  New  Hampshire  on  the  Lands  and  Possessions  of  his 
Majesty's  Subjects  of  New  York,  this  Governiiu'iit  on  the  28"i  day  of  July  1753  issued  a  Proclamation 
for  apprehending  all  Persons  who  should  thereafter  under  Colour  of  Title  from  New  Hampshire, 
take  Possession  of  Lands  granted  by  this  Province — That  after  this  Period  the  Matter  rested,  the 
Incursions  of  the  Indians  immediately  preceeding  the  late  War,  obstructing  all  new  Settlements,  and 
the  Government  of  New  York  confiding,  tliat  New  Hampshire  after  what  had  passed,  would  not 
venture  to  make  any  further  Grants  of  tlie  Lands  in  Contest,  until  his  Majesty  should  be  pleased  to 
determine  tlie  Limits  between  his  two  I'rovinces,  as  every  such  Grant  could  be  considered  in  no  other 
Light  than  as  a  mere  Nullity — But  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  totally  disregarding  the  solemn 
appeal  to  his  Majesty  by  both  rrovinoes,  without  waitii  -i  the  Royal  Decision,  issued  Grants 
for  many  Townships  Westward  of  the  River  Connecticut,  some  of  which  ar<'  within  about  seventeen 
Miles  of  Hudson's  River,  and  others  on  the  Banks  of  Wood  Creek  and  Lake  Champlain,  altho'  it  is 
notorious  that  the  whole  country  on  the  Borders  of  Massacliusets  Bay,  and  partly  on  the  late  claim 
of  New  Hampshire,  was  very  anciently  and  long  before  the  latter  Government  extended  even  to 
Connecticut  River,  granted  under  the  great  Seal  of  this  Province,  21,  28  and  even  30  Miles  to  the 
Eastward  of  Hudson's  Rivor — That  apprized  of  these  Proceedings  on  the  Part  of  New  Hampshire, 
The  Government  of  New  York  on  the  28"'  Day  of  December  1703,  issued  a  Proclamation  stating 
the  Claim  of  l^oth  Provinces  to  the  contested  Lands;  asserting  the  ancient  Jurisdiction  of  tliis  Colony 
Eastward  to  Connecticut  River,  and  warning  all  Persons  against  setling  such  Lands  under  Title 
derived  from  New  Hampshire — And  that  finally  to  put  an  End  to  this  Controversy,  his  Majesty  was 
pleased  by  his  Rtiyal  order  bearing  Date  the  20»'>  Day  of  July  1761,  with  the  advi<^«•  of  his  privy 
Council,  to  declare  the  Western  Banks  of  the  River  Connecticut  from  where  it  enters  the  Province 
of  Massachusetts  Bay,  as  far  North  as  the  forty  fifth  Degree  of  Northern  Latitude,  the  Boundary 


COHTROVEKSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    MAMPRIIIRC   URANTS. 


459 


Line  between  the  said  two  Provinces  of  New  York  nnd  New  Hutiipslilre  And  that  the  said  Hoyal  order 
waspul)lickly  notified  by  proclamation  of  this  Government  enjoining  a  duo  obedience  thereto  on  the 
Part  of  this  Colony — From  all  which  is  Manifest  that  no  reasonable  or  well  grounded  objection  can 
be  assigned  against  the  Title  of  this  Province,  so  ancient  and  clear  in  Itself,  and  so  fully  established 
by  his  Majesty's  Royal  Ailjudication  and  Atithority;  and  that  those  wlio  presume  to  disturb  the  pul)llo 
Peace  on  pretence  of  a  prior  llight  to  Lands  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  under  the  groundless 
Claim  of  tlie  Government  of  New  TTainpahire,  are  altogether  inexcusal>le,  and  will  justly  draw  on 
themselves  the  Severest  Punishment — I  do  tlierelore  hereby  in  his  Majesty's  Name  enjoin  require 
and  command  all  Persons  residing  on  any  of  the  Lands  wifliin  this  Colony  heretofore  claimed  by  the 
Province  of  New  Hampshire,  to  yield  the  Strictest  Oliedience  to  the  Laws,  and  to  demean  tliem- 
selves  as  good  and  faithful  subjects  witlUn  tliis  Government,  as  tiiey  will  answer  the  contrary  at 
their  Peril:  And  I  do  also  hereby  reqidre  all  Judges,  Justitcji,  Slierifs  and  other  Civil  Officers  to  be 
vigilant  in  tlieir  Duty,  and  attentive  to  the  preservation  of  tlie  public  Peace;  and  to  transmit  to  me 
the  Names  of  all  Persons  who  slmll  for  tlie  future  be  found  exciting  any  Riot,  under  wliatever  pre- 
tence, or  perpetrating  any  act  tending  to  a  Breach  of  the  Peace,  or  the  Disturbance  of  Government, 
with  a  particular  Information  of  the  circumstances  attending  the  same,  that  such  measures  may  be 
taken  for  the  Punishment  of  tlie  Offenders  as  the  Nature  of  their  Crimes  shall  require. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  at  Fort  George  in  the  City  of  New  York  the  eleventh 
Day  of  December  1771  in  the  twelfth  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  the  third  by 
the  Grace  of  God  of  Great  Britain  France  and  Ireland  King  Defender  of  the  Faith  and  so  forth. 

W"  Tryon. 
By  His  Excellency's  Command. 

Gw.  Banyar  D  Secry 

God  Save  the  Kino. 


GOV.  WENTWORTK  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


Sir 


New  Hampshire  8*  Janr  1772. 


By  the  inclos'd  Copy,  from  y«  Journal  of  his  Majesty's  Council  lor  this  Province  upon  communi- 
cating to  them  your  Excellency's  Letters  to  me  dated  Fort  George  N:  York  Oct.  2«'  1771  and  23''  Dec' 
1771  together  with  your  Proclamation  inclos'd  in  the  letter,  and  my  answer  to  the  first  Letter;  It 
will  appear  that  I  cannot  issue  any  public  Act  relative  to  those  violences  recited  in  your  Excellency's 
Lt Iters  &  Proclamation  as  done  in  the  Province  of  New  York  unless  in  possitive  contrariety  to  their 
express  advice,  officially  required,  and  given  me  upon  this  occasion  :  notwithstandK.  I  must  herein 
be  denyed  the  satisfaction  of  Executing  your  Excellency's  request  in  these  matters,  it  gives  me 
great  pleasure  to  hear  that  there  hath  not  been  any  Disturbances  on  the  Banks  of  the  Connecticut 
River,  where  the  Inhabitants  of  New  York  have  daily  Intercourse  with  those  of  this  Goverimient ; 
but  on  the  contrary.  That  the  reported  Evils  are  coufin'd  to  a  small  District  remote  from  our  boundary 
Line,  &  more  immediately  connected  witli  Hudson's  River,  &  the  Colony's  of  Connecticut  &  Massa- 
bay,  from  wh«nce  they  originally  migrated. 

It  is  beyond  a  doubt  that  violence  &  illegal  Opposition  to  Government  is  the  aversion  of  this  province 
from  their  exemplary  Conduct,  especially  for  five  yeai-s  past.    Ev'ry  contrary  assurance  or  pretence 


460 


COMTROVCKSY    RCSPECTIMO    THE    MEW    IMMPSIIIUE    GRAMTI. 


must  be  groundless  &  proceed  from  nrtCiil  wicked  men,  injurious  to  tlie  Interest  &  diametrically 
oi)i)osiU'  to  the  public  &  privute  opinion  and  Desire  of  tliis  Province. 

I  am  extremely  obliged,  &  will  iinbruce  the  tirst  Opportr,  tliat  tlie  public  Service  will  permit,  to 
avail  mysi'lf  of  tlie  hoimr  your  Kxccllency  does  nie  in  an  Invitation  to  New  York  ;  &,  jliall  receive 
very  great  satisfaction  if  at  any  time  I  may  have  the  pleasure  nf  yoiu*  company  at  I'ortsmoutii ; 
being  with  tlic  greatest  Tiiitli  &.  regard.     Sir 

Your  I'Jxcellency's  most  obedient  lmiul>lc  Servant 

J.  Weniwouth. 
His  Excellency  Governor  Tryon. 


Daniel  Peirce  ■\ 

GeoiRe  Jellrey  / 

Daniel  Uogcrs  SKsq'of 

Peter  Gilnian  W 

Tlio'  VVesti'''  Waldron    f 


the  Council. 


MINITK  OF  TIIK  N.  II.  COUNCIL 

Province  of  New  Hampshire 

At  ii  Council  held  at  Portsmouth,  by  his  Excellency's  Summons  on  Thursday  the  S'*  day  of 
January  1772. 

Present 

Ills  Excellency  John  Wentworth  Esq'  Governor  &c. 
Tlieodore  Atkinson  \  Daniel  Peirce 

Daniel  Warner  / 

Pett-r  Levins  J>  Esq" 

Jnnatliiiti  Warner      V 
Duiiiel  Uindge  / 

His  Excellency  tlie  Governour  having  laid  before  the  Council  for  their  advice,  Two  Letters  from 
his  Exccll'y  Governor  Tryon  of  New  York  dated  Octobf  1771,  and  Decemb'  23''  1771,  the  latter 
inclosing  a  proelainalion — also  Copy  of  his  Excellency's  Answer  to  the  tirst  Letter. 

Tlie  premist'S  being  rend,  it  is  ccmsider'd  That  by  His  Majesty's  Order  in  Cimncil  SO**"  July  176-t 
the  Western  Bank  of  Coiniecticut  Kiver  was  tlien  conmianded  to  be  tlie  West  B(junds  of  (bis 
ProTince  and  tluit  tliis  Government  has  been  &  is  intirely  obedient  thereto  ;  Therefore  tlie  said 
proclamation,  reliUing  wholly  to  matters  and  Thimis  without  the  JJoundaries  of  this  Province  ;  It  is 
advised  that  the  piil)lication  thereol',  by  authority  of  this  Provi.jce  would  be  Extra-Provincial, 
tiierefore  in  our  oj)iMion  improper,  and  tliat  his  Excellency  is  further  advised  not  to  issue  any 
Proclamation  relating  to  the  Premises. 

Secondly.     Tliat  it  is  not  expedient  for  this  Government  in  any  wise  to  Interl'erc  with  or  concern  in 

running  the  Lines  between  bis  Majesty's  Provinces  of  New  York  and  Canada,  which  (by  his  Excell«y 

Gov  Tiyon's  Letter  of  23"i  Dec  1771)  is  already  begun  by  Commissioner  appointed  for  that  Service 

agreealile  to  his  Majesty's  Instructions,  "  wherein  it  does  not  appear  that  this  Provinces  is  refer'd  to 

or  mentioned." 

A  True  Copy  from  the  Minutes  of  Council 

Attest  Geo  :  King  Depy  Seer. 


CONTROVKMY    RUrECTINO    THE   NEW    IIAMPaillRr.   ORAKTI, 


461 


N«w  Vurk 


Hhnrt  nrcouul 
ul'llir  Itiol 


JUDGE  LOUD  TO  fiOV.  TRYON. 

Putney  Jamuiry  29.  A.  1).  lITi. 

To  lib  KxrrlK'ucy  \Vii,i,i.\.m  Tuydn  K^i''  Oa|it»  (inicml  (Jiivi'mor  &  Comaiulfr  in  vhWi' 
ill  &.  oviT  his  miijcsii's  I'lDViiicf  of  N'l'W  Vnik  in  Anii'ilra  &,'■  &' 
Jost'pli  Ldi'iI  Ksij'  niH-  III'  llif  ,Ju(lm-s  of  tlu'  I'uiirt  ol'  (.'union  IMcas  tlir  tlic  (.'oniily  of 

cumhrriuiiac.Muiiy^'"'"''*''"'"'"''  '^*"o'*'  '^'"^ I'  "^  "''"  <'"»"  ('1'"  •'Hn'i'  'I'wo  Jiulgfs  iM-iii^  aliM'iit)  to  Kquv. 

sent. 
Tiiat  n  (Jrnit  Hiot  oomposcd  of  Seventy  or  Kl^^lity  Persons  on  the  Twenty  Seventh  Day  of  thi.i 
Instant  January  hapenetl  at  Putiiiij  the  town  of  his  Uesiileiiee  Consistiii}.;  of  People  from  tlie  side  of 
New  Hampshire.     Tlio  Facts  are  as  Foiloweth — 
Ono  Jonas  Moor  of  tliis  TowiiMp  in  the  Interiour  Court  of  Coinon  Pleas  at  June  Term  last  past 

Ueoovereil  Jiuigniem  (inaiiist  one  Leonarti  Spalding  also  of  this  Township  lor  ai)out 

Forty  Pounds  including  rosts — a  Firri  Fnvins  liavinn  issued  to  Satislle  the  Judgment, 

on  the  goods  and  Chattels  of  said  SpauMini;,  The  Slierif  l»y  his  Deputy  Seized  some 
Cattel  &,  Goods  of  .said  Spauldiiii?  to  Satislk  (he  .Same,  whieli  heroiiimitled  into  tiie  haiuisof  said  Moor 
to  keep  in  his  J)wellin};  liouse  iintill  tlie  Day  by  the  Slierif  appointed  for  the  Sale  of  them.  Jhit 
before  that  Day  viz*  the  Kveninn  of  tlie  Twenty  Seventii  Instant  a  Partle  from  New  Hampshire 
Side  of  the  Uivcr  to  the  iiiunher  of  Seventy  or  Eiglity  eaiiie  to  the  house  where  the  goods  were 
Deposited,  and  broke  open  the  Door,  took  tlie  ctoods  &  carried  tliein  away,  after  insulting  in  various 
ways,  said  Moors  Family  &' .  1  have  taken  some  Dejiositioiis,  rehiling  to  this  mutter,  us  muny  I 
could,  in  so  Short  u  time  as  I  could  have  before  M'  Grout  sets  out  on  his  journey  to  New  York,  by 
whom  I  send  this  Letter,  &  transmitt  the  Depositions  taken  in  this  utl'uir. 
I  have  lartlier  to  represent  to  your  Excellency — That  1  l)eing  now  arrived  to  the  Sixty  Eighth 

year  of  my  age,  &  attended  witii  tlie  intiriuities  common  to  advanced  years,  such  us 
KMiR^Mii'um'Ili'his  great  Deafness,  Loss  of  Memory  dimness  of  Sight,  and  at  times  a  i)aralitlc  tremor  in  my 
jii«'iue'uf'iiiSVcncolian(ls  &,«  wlilcii  disfjualille  me  for  full,  free  Si.  Perliet  Discliarge  of  tlie  Ollices  of  Second 

Judge  of  the  Inferiour  Court  of  Conioii  Pleas,  &  Justice  of  the  Peace,  which  I  have 
sustained  in  the  County  tin-  several  years  last  past,  ami  having  a  desire  to  retire  from  Pnblick  busi- 
ness, and  spend  the  remainder  of  my  Days,  in  a  calm  retirement  therefrom,  &  concern  myself  in 
nothing  else,  hut  doing  good  to  my  numertms  family  &  Neighbours,  Si  Praying  for  the  KING,  your 
Excellency,  &  all  other  the  King's  Ollictrs,  &  Prepare  lor  a  Glorious  Immoktalitv  Therelore 
Humbly  entreat  yoiu*  Excellency  to  appoint  some  otiier  Person  to  said  Ollices  in  my  room  &  sted — 

And  I  bee  leave  to  Uecommeiid  Tiiomas  Chandler  jun''  Es(|f  as  the  best  qualified,  &.  who 

Thnnm.  Ctmnillcr  "  i  i 

juiirK«iuitu        will  be,  as  I  apprehend,  as  well  accei)ted  in  tlial  Seat  on  the  Bench,  us  any  person  ni 

RecoinuieuUed.  ;  i  t  »  i  ^  j  i    l 

tlie  County,  that  I  have  acquaintance  with  or  knowledge  of. 
I  have  yet  to  ci-ave  your  Excellency's  Fiitience  Si  Leave  to  Hecommend  to  your  Excellencys 
Mr  Joimormii  Fuvour  M'  Jolui  Grout  attviruey  at  Law,  who  hatli  Suffered  much  by  persons  Enemical 
necoiimieiuiQa  to  ^^^  ^^^.^  Govemiiient,  &  to  idin  on  account  of  his  lirm  attachment  to  it,  &  endeavours  to 
maintain  good  Order  &  Justice  tlierein.— Truth  itself  Obliges  me  to  say,  That  his  Practice  as  an 
attorney  in  this  County,  has  always  Entitled  him  to  the  goodoinnion  of  tlie  Court  &t.he  best  Gentle- 
men in  the  County  as  I  apprehend,  altho  Riottjiis  persons  &  parties,  Friends  to  New  Hampshire,  & 
enemies  to  good  Order  have  given  him  much  Trouble,  which  he  has  born  with  great  raagneniraity. 


:>  1 1 


4«t 


CONTROVCMY    RUPCCTINO    THE    NEW    HAMnillRR   OANNTI. 


&  Strove  In  n  Lrsjal  nn<l  Diiipagsionntc  wny  toovtfr  come.     Your  Excollency  lM?liig  i ;  'lenly  Humane 
will  Dfli^lit  ill  ri'iiitTtiiiK  liliii. 

And  now  l^lpill^  tlu>  'i'liiiiiiltfi  &  Coiit'iiHions  in  tlii«  County  miuli*  by  tli«>  IViiple  of  New  Hump- 
sliirv  arc  u\nU  toniiiiK  to  an  Kiid  hy  your  wiitv  uilministration  wliirli  will  niucli  Hfjoyre  him,  witu 
with  l>roti>un(l  Hfspi-ct,  uxk's  K'av«  to  !ml»9crlb»«  lilni^'li',  Your  Kx<»'IU'iicy's  Dt'Votovl 

Obfdicnt  ami  most  llumblv  Scrv' 
M'  Tryoit.  JoscrH  Lord, 

(Emlorsftl)  Itead  in  Council  Fi'by:  aS"*  1772. 


JUDGE  CHANDLER  TO  (30V.  TRYON. 

May  it  pleasp  your  Exct-llenry 

I  liave  to  aripmiiit  you  with  a  Rietous  nfTalr  that  happened  in  tho  County  of  Cumberland  on  the 
'i7">  Day  of  January  [,ast,  vizt  a  Nuni!)er  ol'  Persons  from  the  rrovinte  of  New  Hampshire  to  the 
NumlaT  of  about  70  or  80  assembled  tliemselves  together  came  into  Putney  in  the  County  of 
Cumberland  went  to  a  house  tiN)k  away  a  parcel  ot  goods  that  was  deposited  in  a  house  by  an  oflicer, 
Carryetl  them  away  over  Connecticutt  Jiiver  into  Hami)siiire,  and  Threatmd  to  Do  many  other 
Felonious  actions,  viz*  to  go  to  Chester  Pull  Down  y»  Jail,  and  Deliver  some  Prisoners  out  of  .lail, 
a  true  Representation  whereof  will  be  communicated  to  your  Excellency  by  Joseph  Lord  Esq'  one 
of  the  Judges  of  the  Inferior  Court  of  Common  pleas  for  y  County  of  Cumberland,  so  tliat  if  tlie 
Jail  hat!  been  in  any  one  of  tlie  Hiver  Towns  (so  called)  as  prayed  flir  by  some  the  Jail  had  by  said 
(mad)  Rietors  been  pulled  Down,  your  Excellency  will  tlierefore  see  that,  it  will  on  tliis  account 
be  l)est  to  continue  the  Jail  and  Courts  in  y«  center  of  the  County  if  no  other  Reasons  were  given 
but  to  prevent  such  sudden  ndsciiiefs  Iteiiig  perpetrated  us  may  lie  done  on  a  suddin  heat  of  Passion. 

I  understand  may  it  please  your  Excellency  that  the  said  Lord  is  about  to  make  a  Resignation  of 
his  office  us  Judge  &,«  but  as  tliere  is  no  person  in  tlie  ('oiinty  tiial  will  till  up  the  vacancy  so  well, 
I  beg  your  Excellency  to  Continue  him  in  Olfice  in  the  Next  Commission  tliat  comes  out. 

As  to  the  Nomination  of  y«  Civil  authority  lor  y  County  of  Cumberland,  that  I  Deliver'd  to  your 
Excellency,  there  is  Two  persons  mentioned  in  tlie  said  Nomination  that  were  not  of  my  naming 
And  T  think  it  would  be  better  lor  the  peace  of  tho  Towns,  where  tliey  live  as  well  as  y"  Peace 
of  y«  County  not  to  make  them  Justices  viz*  William  Davis  and  David  Stone,  Stone  lives  in  Windsor 
amongst  tlie  Rietous  Inhal)itants  wliere  there  is  two  parties  and  for  tliis  Reason  I  am  of  y  opinion 
tliat  to  omit  appointing  any  Justice  of  y  Peace  in  Windsor  for  y  present  will  be  best,  but  I 
submit  my  Judgment  to  your  Excellency's  wise  Deterndnation. 

I  woidd  Beg  leave  to  Recommend  to  your  Excellencys  lavoiir  Daniel  Wliipple  Esq'  Higli  Sheriff 
of  Cumljerland  County  who  was  very  faitlifiill  in  strivint;  to  appreliend  the  Windsor  Rietors,  for 
which  good  services  His  Late  Excellency  tlie  Earl  of  Dunmore  and  tlie  Honoiuahle  His  Majestys  . 
Council  made  him  a  Grant  of  a  Township  of  Land,  and  he  is  now  come  to  your  E;:cellency  to 
take  out  a  Patent  for  y"  same. 

I  humbly  pray  your  Excellency  to  favour  liim  with  a  Patent  of  tlic  said  Grant 

I  would  also  Begg  leave  to  Inform  your  Excellency,  tliat  James  Rogers  Esq'  of  Kent,  obtained  a 
grant  of  the  Township  of  Land  called  Kent  in  Cimiberland  County,  and  I  was  y  person  that  gave 
him  the  Bounds,  and  a  Warrant  of  Survey  was  grunted  and  a  Return  made,  but  the  Patent  did  not 


CONTftOVRRMY    RUPECTINO    THK    NtW    HAMPflllIRK   UHANTI. 


103 


ftllow  Hcrnnllnff  to  y*  noumls  niiule,  iiiul  no  Just  Keason,  tliiit  I  can  Irnrn,  why  it  did  nut  lasiiu 
uct'onliiii^  to  tli«f  Grant,  the  boumlii  mentioned  in  tlic  Fiitent  icuveimntall  tlie  Unilding!i  and  Ini|)ri)Vt'- 
nientA  in  Kt-nt,  un*l  unlcM  tliu  l'at«-nt  \h  Hrctitled  (widoh  I  prfNume  It  is  Easy  to  \w  Done)  it  will 
Ruin  tlip  Township  and  tlit'  SettU-rs,  and  y*  Si'ttl«ni«nt  of  y»  same. 

I  woultl  tliereliire  Intrcat  your  Exccllfncy  in  your  wonti'd  goodness  and  favour  to  make  the 
FatiMit  agrcablo  to  y<  said  (irant. 

I  would  also  pray  your  Kx<*i>ll*>ncy  to  ac(iuaint  Governor  Wentworth  of  the  said  Riotous  affair 
when  }<)U  have  M'  Lords  Information  (wliich  I  have  not  had  time  to  get  since  I  came  homo)  that 
tlie  Rietors  may  be  Ijrought  to  Justice. 

From  yotir  Excvllencys  most  obedient  ami  most  humble  Servant 

Chester  C"  February  177'i.  Thomas  Chandlcb. 

To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq. 

P.  S.  If  your  Excellency  would  be  pleased  to  make  a  grant  to  the  said  Judge  Lord,  for  his  good 
services,  in  tlie  County  of  Cumberland,  but  more  especially  for  assisting  the  Sherifl' with  the  Posse 
when  lie  went  to  apprehend  the  Rietors  at  Windsor,  wherein  he  was  very  servisable  in  stilling  the 
same,  and  for  which  be  has  never  had  any  Keward  as  some  others  have  had.  In  some  of  the  unap- 
piopviiitetl  Lands  in  this  Province  or  in  some  of  the  Townsliips  that  was  granted  by  the  Late 
Governor  Wentworth  Dec',  that  he  granted  to  himself  and  which  by  a  Late  Resolve  of  the  present 
Governor  Wentwortli  and  y*  Council  of  y"  Province  of  New  Hampshire  Declared  Did  not  convey  a 
title  to  y*  said  Governor  Wentworth  Dcc'i  I  should  take  it  as  a  great  mark  of  favour    from  your 

Excelleucys  DutlfuU 

Obedient  and  most  Humble  Servant 

Thomai  Ciianolch. 


ESQR.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

May  it  please  your  Excellency  in  due  obedience  to  your  Excellency's  Command  I  herewith  iiend 
you  the  Information  of  Benjamin  Buck  and  Jonathan  White  who  are  well  acquainted  witli  the 
behaviour  of  their  neighbours  and  who's  information  may  be  depended  on  for  trouth  for  I  forced 
them  in  a  manner  ;  not  but  that  they  were  willing  but  they  are  afraid  of  the  Mob's  destroying  all 
tlieir  j)roperty. 

I  would  not  be  understood  that  I  mean  to  draw  your  Excellenc)S  displeasure  upon  them,  but  I 
find  that  every  act  of  indulgence  which  the  Government  ofl'ers  is  rejected  with  disdain ;  and  by  the 
best  Information  I  can  get  they  are  determined  to  oppose  the  authority  of  this  Government  assigning 
for  reason  that  should  they  comply  it  will  weaken  their  New  Hampshire  Title,  and  they  shall  lose 
all  their  Lands  for  this  reason  they  shall  Fight  'till  they  die  ;  however  if  this  Benington  was  well 
drest  I  presume  all  the  rest  will  fall  of  course  and  that  the  Government  will  be  restored  to  peace. 

My  House  was  to  be  Burnt  a  New  Years  day  yet  Providence  have  preserved  all  as  yet  and  had 
they  come  according  to  the  Information  I  had,  I  was  ready  for  to  receive  them,  however  I  am  very 
glad  they  did  not  appear. 

I  am  informed  that  they  have  established  a  Company  in  Bennington  Commanded  by  John 
Warner  of  said  Town  and  that  a  New  Years  day  he  had  his  Company  reviewed  and  continued  all 
day  fiieing  at  marks — I  have  sent  several  summons  after  a  number  of  the  Spectator's,  that  I  may 
be  enabled  to  transmit  to  your  Excellency  a  proper  return  of  this  Company  but  as  yet  not  one 
appeared,  however  I  shall  have  some  of  them  by  and  by. 


464 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


i  i' 


Your  Excellency's  Friendship  to  the  Inhabitance  of  Diirliam  will  be  of  great  service  and  help 
greatly  (o  strcntlien  the  interest  of  Government  in  those  parts  the  rioters  I  am  told  have  turned  much 
against  tliem  for  taking  grants  from  this  Government. 

I  sliall  from  time  to  time  endeavour  to  give  your  Excellency  every  Information  that  shall  be 
necessary  to  support  the  autliority  of  tliis  Government. 

I  am  witli  Due  Submission  Your  Excellency's  faitliful  servant  to  Command 

John  Munro. 

P  :  S  :    I  hope  your  Excellency  received  my  Packet  of  November  last  containing  some  Informa- 
tions and  wliat  I  had  done  in  consequence  of  your  Excellency's  letter  to  the  Justiccs. 
(Endoised)    To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  &'^. 
Keel  ye  17'h  Feb>  177.2. 


i 


LNFORMATION  OF  BEiVBUCK. 

Albany  ss :  The  information  of  Benjamin  Buck  who  being  duly  sworn  saith  that  on  or  about 
the  Beginning  of  tlii  i  instant  January  he  called  at  the  House  of  Cap'  Stephen  Fay  in  Bemiiiigtou 
Tavern  keeper,  for  some  relieshment  for  liimself  and  Horse  upon  coming  into  the  House  he  found  a 
number  of  People  in  the  House  as  if  tliey  were  engaged  in  business,  upon  whicli  the  deponent  asked, 
and  if  they  were,  lie  sliouid  go  into  anotlier  room,  they  all  desired  iiim  to  Join  tliat  their  Business 
was  not  private  upon  which  tlie  deponent  sat  down  amongst  them  ;  when  Present  Samuel  Robinson 
of  Bennington  Etiien  Allen  of  Salshury  Boston  Government  and  Robert  Cockrun  formerly  of 
Bennington,  but  at  Present  some  whereabouts  tlie  Township  called  Rupert,  witli  many  other  Persons  ; 
when  the  deponent  went  into  the  House  tlie  said  Sam'  Robinson  liad  tlie  Governor's  Proclamation 
dated  at  New  York  Dec  11">  1771 ,  Reai'mg  of  it  to  tiie  Company  and  *  hen  lie  came  to  tlie  following 
Paragraph  "wliereas  it  is  tlie  ancient  and  incontestible  right  of  this  Colony  to  extend  to  Coinieclicut 
River  as  its  Eastern  Boundary,"'  M'  Robinson  was  Pleased  to  say  tliat  he  knew  tliat  to  be  a  Damn 
lie,  tlien  he  read  on  till  he  came  to  wliere  His  Excellency  informs  them  of  liis  receiving  a  letter 
from  Governor  Wentworth  -lated  the  lO'h  of  Ocf  last,  M^  Robison  in  like  manner  assured  the 
company  tliat  it  was  a  grand  lalseliood,  for  he  knew  to  tlie  Contrary  tiiat  the  wIkjIc  was  a  Draught 
of  Dunnes  and  liiid  been  in  a  Drauglit  lor  some  years  ;  after  the  Proclamation  was  rerid  M'  Rol)inson 
asked  tlie  Deponent  >vhat  he  thouifht  of  it,  to  which  the  deponent  answered  and  said,  my  oppinion 
is  that  York  Government  will  hold  all  the  lands,  upon  which  the  said  Ethen  Allen  came  up  beliind 
the  Deponent  and  struck  him  tliree  times  and  said  you  are  a  Damn  Bastard  of  old  Munro's,  we  shall 
make  a  hell  of  His  Hou«e  and  burn  liim  in  it,  and  every  son  of  a  bitch  that  will  take  his  jiart 
it's  no  wonder  to  suppose  you  one  of  tliat  Principle  for  old  Cole  lives  upon  one  side  of  you  and  old 
Willoghby  the  other  side--the  Deponent  answered  that  if  it  sliould  be  the  right  of  New  Hampsliire, 
might  would  overcome  right,  M''  Allen  said  how  can  you  be  such  a  Damn  fool  have  we  not  always 
overcome  tliem,  and  one  hundred  miles  to  the  Northward  and  if  they  shall  ever  come  again  we  shall 
Drive  them  two  liundred  miles  and  send  them  to  hell  ;  upon  their  Reading  the  Governois  name  to 
the  Proclamation.  So  your  name;  is  Tryon,  tri  on  and  be  Damn  he  shall  have  his  nif.toh  if  lie  comes 
here  and  many  such  Expressions  and  furtiier  the  deponent  saith  not  Benjamin  Blck. 

Sworn  before  me  at  Fowl's  in  the  County 
aforesaid  this  21"'  day  of  Janr  1772 

John    Minho  Justice. 


OONTHOVERBY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRS   ORAIITt  165 


AFFIDAVIT  OF  JONATHAN  WHEATE. 

Albany  ss:    Jonathan  White  of  Sliafsbnry  cuming  tliis  evening  past  the  House  of  John  Blackely 

of  Sluifsbury  aforesaid  tlie  said  Blukely  Called  out  liew  comes  there  the  Deponent  answered  Joiuitiian 

White,  well  whatdis  the  Mahomet  say,  tlic  deponent  answered  not  mucli,-ilien  t'.ie  said  John  Blakely 

asked  tlie  Deponent  what  he  thought  of  the  Proclamation,  the  deponent  answered  I  dont  tliink  much 

of  it  for  I  believed  it  all  before  T  saw  it — tlie  said  Blakely  answered  and  said  its  a  Damn  thing  uiul 

tlie  Governor  may  stick  it  in  his  AllS — tiie  said  John  Blakely  told  tlie  Deponent  repeatt  dly  tliat  if 

ever  the  land  should  get  Back  to  New  Hampshire  that  every  mantliat  wasa  Yorker  sliould  be  ruined, 

and  hove  off  the  land.     One  Joshua  Beats  of  Slial'sbury  atoresaid  did  in  like  manner  told  tlie  deponant 

that  if  the  Yorkers  got  the  land  and  drive  them  off  they  would  come  every  year  and  destroy  all  and 

every  Persons  substance  that  would  ofer  to  Settle  upon  the  lands  &<=  the  deponant  says  that  iu 

General  the  Inhabitants  are  more  inraged  against  the  Government  since  the  last  Proclamation  was 

Pul)lished  then  ever  tliey  were  before  and  that  a  number  of  them  are  determined  to  fight  fill  they 

die  ;  and  that  tliey  will  not  submit  to  the  authority  of  this  Government ;  asigning  for  a  reason  that 

if  they  should  submit  to  tlie  authority  of  Government  they  shall  lose  their  lands,  but  as  long  as  tliey 

shall  [bej  joined  togither  they  would  hold  tlie  land  and  keep  off"  the  Yorkers  and  fartlier  saitii  not. 

Jonathan  Wheate. 
Sworn  before  me  at  Fowlis  iu  the  County  of  Albany 

aforesaid  this28">  day  of  January  1772. 

John  Munro  Justice. 


I 


JUDGE  LORD  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


Putney  Febr')-  16th  1772 
May  it  please  your  Excellency 

By  my  letter  of  29"'  of  January  Last  pass't,  I  informed  your  Excellency  of  a  Great  Riot  that 
hapened  here,  composed  intirely  of  People  from  the  side  of  New  Hampshire — Likewise  Informed  I 
was  inquiring  thereof,  tal-ing  Depositions  therefor  (Being  apprehensive  Inquiry  by  a  Jury  was  not 
practicable  at  that  time)  but  since  that  time  finding  Inquiry  by  a  Jury  would  not  be  unsafe  I  there- 
f)re  undertook  it  with  the  assistance  of  M""  Tlioraas  Chandler  jun'  &  M"^  William  Willard  two  of  his 
Majs  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  tliis  County.  To  be  short.  Five  of  the  principal  Rioters  came  & 
submitted  themselves  to  the  Law  (before  any  warrants  Issued  against  them)  Their  sensability  of 
their  fault  the  apparent  signes  of  Repentance  with  their  submission  would  hardly  fail  of  Exciting 
compassion.  Furthermore  I  am  to  inform  your  Excellency  Tliat  the  Rioters  havo  ben  &  paid  & 
satisfied  the  judgement  on  which  the  Fieri  Facias  issued  and  made  ample  satisfaction  to  all  persons 
injured  by  them.  And  good  order  is  now  restored  in  this  County  as  formerly — And  I  apprehend  on 
a  more  Solid  Basis,  People  now  seeming  to  be  sensible  Miat  disturbers  of  the  Peace  must  pay  Dear 
for  their  Folley. 

And  Inasmuch  as  in  a  foregoing  Riot,  it  has  been  Rept-esented  That,  they  receive  encouragement 
in  their  Rebellion  from  New  Hampshire  side  of  the  River  &".    I  tho't  it  Proper  to  subjoin  the 
Following,  viz*    That   I  cannot  find,  in  this   Riot,  any  Gentlemen,  Majestrate  or  oflSicers  were 
Vol.  IV.  f»9 


■     \', 


4M 


OOMTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


¥     ' 


enconrager'',  abbettors  or  assistants;  so  far  from  that,  they  upon  their  first  hearing  of  it,  Gave  a 
Lauduble  Testimony  of  their  abhorrence  of  it.  And  when  inquiry  wus  making  by  iis  upon  the 
very  West  Bank  of  tlie  River  (so  nigh  them)  Gentlemen  Spectators  expressed  tlielr  abliorrence  of 
their  doings,  neither  had  we  the  least  opposition  or  Disturbance  given  us.  Mts"  Bellows  &  Olcot 
Two  of  the  next  justices  of  the  Peace  in  the  County  of  Chesliire,  New  Ilamiishire  Government 
exerted  themselves,  on  this  Occasion,  and  Ex  OflScio,  Issued  tlieir  warrants  apprelitndcd  some, 
brought  them  before  them — Bound  to  their  apperiance  (nigh  tlie  number  30)  at  tiie  next  Superior 
Court,  to  be  held  in  Cheshire  County,  there  to  answer  for  their  unlawfull  assembling  &  othei 
misdemeanors. 

It  is  with  pleasure  I  give  your  Excellency  this  Information  &  doubt  not  it  will  be  alike  acceptiible 
to,  and  Please  your  Excellency.  If  your  Excellency  is  desirous  of  further  Information  &  more  par- 
ticular, the  bearer  can  give  it,  viz'  M'  John  Grout.    I  am  your's  to  command  & 

Most  Obedient  Hum'«  Serv' 

To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq'  Joseph  Lord. 

Governour  New  York. 

(Endorsed)    1772Feby:28.    Read  in  Council. 


ORDER  OF  THE  GOVRs  qf  THE  N.  Y.   COLLEGE  FOR  THE 

TOWNSHIP  OF  KIi\GSLAND. 


SETTLEMENT  OF  THEIR 


M'  Lispenard 

M*"  Duane 

Lord  Stirling 

M""  Jones 

Coll"  Morris 

M'  Banyar 
M'  William  Walton 
M''  Inglis 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Governors  of  Kings  College  in  the  City  of  New  York  on  Monday 
the  171''  Day  of  February  1772  at  the  House  of  Richard  Hull 

Present. 

M""  Attorney  General 

M'  Mayor 

The  Sen^  Mins:  of  the  Dutch  Church 

M'  Henry  Cruger 

Coll"  Phillpse 

M'  Livingston 

M'  Clarksou 

The  Miu:  of  the  Lutheran  Church 
Whereas  it  has  been  represented  to  this  Board  that  the  former  Encouragement  given  by  tliis  Cor- 
poration for  the  settlement  of  the  Township  of  Kingsland  has  proved  insufficient  to  answer  the 
purpose  thereby  Entended,  and  tlie  same  being  now  duly  weiglied  and  Considered  Tliis  Board  do 
therefore  unanimously  Resolve — First  tliat  an  actual  survey  be  made  of  the  whole  Tract,  and  one 
thousand  acres  thereof  be  laid  out  into  square  Lotts  of  Ten  acres  each  for  a  Town  Spott,  the  Center 
Lott  of  which  sliall  forever  remain  an  open  square  or  green.  Secondly,  Tliat  the  said  Lotts  be  divided 
by  streets  of  one  cliain  wide  except  tlie  two  main  Streets  to  be  run  in  right  angles  through '  the 
middle  of  tlie  said  Town  and  Center  Lott  which  are  to  be  laid  out  one  Chain  and  an  half  wide 
and  to  extend  in  direct  cimrses  Ihrougli  the  whole  Town  plot  dividing  equally  tliose  Lotts  through 
which  they  pass.  Tiiirdly.  Tliat  the  Remainder  of  tlie  Tract  be  also  divided  into  Lotts  of  one 
thousand  acres  each,  the  courses  of  wliich  to  be  well  ascertained  and  described  in  such  manner 
that  each  Lott  may  be  thereby  subdivided  into  Lotta  of  one  hundred  acres  as  occasion  may  require 


CONTROTEKSY    RESPECTINQ   THE   NEW    HAHMHIRE  ORAlfTS. 


4^V 


ani  a  full  and  perfect  description  be  given  of  the  Quality  of  each  Lott  and  the  Streams  and 
places  fit  for  Water  works  be  also  laid  down  and  fully  described.  Also  that  in  dividing  and  laying 
out  the  said  Tract  regard  be  had  to  the  Main  Streets  of  the  said  Town  Plott.  Fourthly.  Tiiat  the 
Corporation  will  give  and  Grunt  in  Fee  Simple  to  the  first  twelve  sellers  that  shall  go  and  settle  on 
the  said  Tract  of  Land  any  one  of  the  said  Ten  acre  Lotts  and  also  one  hundred  acres  of  Land  any 
where  out  of  the  said  Town  plott  for  a  farm,  to  be  located  by  Lines  at  right  angles  on  Condition  that 
they  build  on  the  Town  Lotts  and  actually  inhabit  there  within  Two  years  from  the  Twenty 
fifth  day  of  March  next  Also  tliat  one  of  the  Ten  Acre  Lotts  be  given  to  a  minister  of  the  gospel 
besides  the  one  hundred  Acres  formerly  promised  for  a  Glebe. 

Ordered  that  M'  Duane,  M'  Bunyar,  M»  Kempe  M'  Hicks  &  M'  William  Walton  or  any  three  or 
more  of  them  be  a  Committee  to  carry  the  above  Resolves  into  Execution  and  that  they  have  power 
to  Treat  and  agree  with  the  said  Twelve  Sellers  and  Such  others  as  shall  incline  to  Settle  on  the  said 
Tract,  and  to  take  such  Securities  as  they  can  best  obtain  for  the  speedy  Settlement  of  the  said 
Town  Lotts,  and  also  to  Draw  on  the  Treasurer  of  this  Corporation  from  time  to  time  for  such 
suras  as  may  be  necessary  to  complete  the  said  Survey  and  Division. 

Ordered  That  the  small  Lotts  fronting  upon  the  Center  Square  be  reserved  to  be  hereafter  appro- 
priated for  such  publick  Buildings  as  tliis  Corporation  shall  think  fitt,  and  that  the  above  Committee 
have  also  power  to  appropriate  two  of  the  said  Lotts  for  a  Church  and  Court  House  if  they  shall  find 
it  proper. 

A  true  copy.  Lamb*  Moore,  Scery: 


i! 


I 


A  List  of  the  Civil  officers  for  Gloucester  Cow  sty  New  York  Pwvince  Feb'  1772, 

John  Taplin  Esquire  first  Judge 
Thomas  Siimncr  Esquire  Secoud  Jud: 
John  Peters  Esqr  Clerk 
John  Taplin  Jur  Esquire  Sheriff 
James  Pcnnock  Jur  &  )  Coroners 
Samuel  llall  Esqr        S  Eoo<l  character 
James  Peniiock 
'fionias  Chamberlain 
AHtstsnt  Justices    .  i  ■ '  Marsh — reed  by  'WeUs — Peters  says  good 
I   liP  Hatch 
benjamin  ^/hitecomb — not  known 

iij  order  of  John  Taplin  Esqr  Chief  Judge  this  List  is  returned 


TasT 


JOHH  FCTXBS  Clk. 


GOV.  WENTWORTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

Sir  Our  mutual  Friend  Captain  Holland,  who  arrived  here  this  Day  from  New  York,  informs 
me  that  many  People  are  soliciting  to  obtain  Patents  foT  a  Tract  of  Land  on  tlie  West  Bank  of 
Connecticut  River,  formerly  granted  under  the  seal  of  this  Province  by  the  Name  of  Rock- 
ingham, and  since  by  His  Jfajesty's  Order  ii:  Council  annexed  to  the  Province  of  New- York ; — In 
this  Township  of  Rockingham  M'  Samuel  Wentworth  late  of  Boston  was  interested  about  five 
thousand  acres,  on  whicli  he  had  made  some  Improvement ;  This  was  intended  for  a  son  of  M' 
Wentworth,  a  youth  now  advanced  to  a  sufficient  Age  to  seUle  thereon  ;  And  as  it  is  his  whole 


463 


CONTROVERSY    RESPE(n'INO    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


Dependnnoe,  He  is  entirely  solicitous  to  have  it  at  all  adventures,  secured  to  Iiira ;  Permit  me 
therefore  to  intreat  your  Excellency's  favorable  Preference  iu  making  a  new  Grant  to  tliis  youth 
M'  JJenning  Wentwortli  of  the  said  5000  Acres  in  Rockingham,  wliich  Captain  Holland  inft>nus 
me  are  marked  off  in  an  intire  &  sepai-ate  Lot  in  said  Townsliip.  In  hopes  that  my  Request  in 
Beluilf  of  this  deserving  young  Gentleman  may  succeed  I  liave  taken  the  Liberty  to  adjoin  tlie  Names 
w^h  Captain  Holland  tells  me  are  necessary  in  making  a  Conveyance  of  such  a  Tract  of  Land,  accord- 
ing to  the  Practice  in  New  York  ;  and  shall  give  immediate  Directions  to  some  Friends  there  to 
give  the  necessary  attendance  for  complcating  this  Business,  if  your  Excellency  is  so  good  to  favour 
me  with  tliat  Permission.     I  am  witli  tlie  greatest  Respect  &  Esteem 

Your  Excellency's  very  faithful  and  most  obedient  Servant 

J.  Wentworth. 
Portsmouth  New  Hampshire  23'"  March  1772. 
His  Excellency  Governor  Tryon  &<=. 

Names  to  be  inserted  in  the  Patent  of  5000  Acres  of  Land  in  Rockingham  if  it  should  appear 

expedient  to  His  Excellency  Governor  Tryon  to  grant  said  Tract  for  M'  Wentworth  viz'. 

Benning  Wentworth         of  Hinsdale  in  New  Hampshire 

Jolin  Parker  Esq 
M"  Matthew  Parker 
Ammi  Ruhamah  Cutter  Esq' 
M''  Jolm  Peirce 


'I 


of  Portsmouth 

in 
New  Hampshire 


MINUTES  OF  COUNCIL  RESPECTING  CERTAIN  RIOTERS  ORDERED  TO  BE  APPREHENDED. 


In  Council  March  2()i"  1V72. 
His  Excell-ncy  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  of  the  2''  March  Instant  from  Henry  Ten 
E3ck  Jun''  Esq-  Sherlf  of  Albany,  acknowledging  the  Receit  of  the  proclamation  of  the  9"'  December 
for  ;ip]ire1iendiiig  certain  Riotors  therein  named,  and  acquainting  his  Excellency  that  tliree  of  them 
Baker,  Allen  and  Sevel,  are  retired  to  t!ie  Neighbouring  Government  Tliat  lie  lias  not  been  able 
to  apprehend  any  of  tlie  Rest.  But  that  from  tiie  Conduct  and  Beliaviour  of  those  wlio  were  at 
Home,  tlio'  nut  particularly  mentioned  or  concerned  in  the  Riot,  he  finds  tlie  greatest  appearance  of  a 
determined  Resolution  not  to  sul)mit  to  tlie  Government :  And  thi«  he  found  particularly  verified  by 
tlie  Conduct  of  Eight  or  nine  who  \iere  armed  with  Guns  and  Clubs  in  wliieh  manner  they  came  to 
tlie  Hiiiise  of  one  Heerniiins  near  tlie  Indian  River  where  he  then  was,  and  from  their  Conduct  it 
appeared  what  they  intended. 


SECRETARY  BANYAR  TO  JOSEPH  LORD,  ESQR 

New  York  '6<i  Aprill  1772.- 
S'     His  Excellency  the  Governor  communicated  to  his  Majesty's  Council  your  two  Letters  of  the 
29">  January  and  16"'  February  last,  giving  a  full  and  particular  account  of  a  Riot  in  tlie  Townsliip 
of  Putney  perpetrated  by  a  Body  of  People  from  tlie  East  Side  of  tiie  River,  who  forcibly  carried 
away  sundry  Goods,  taken  in  Execution  and  their  property  in  tlie  Custody  of  the  Officer. 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


469 


The  circumstances  of  this  Riot  an  the  men  aggravated  as  tlie  olTenders  helong'd  to  another  Gov- 
ernment ;  it  was  tiieretbre  with  great  Propriety  tliat  tlio  Magistrates  of  New  Hampsliire  exerted 
tiiemselves  in  bringing  tliem  to  Justice. 

Your  own  Endeavours  for  tlie  same  Sahitary  Purpose  have  met  witli  the  iutire  approbation  of 
tlie  Jioard  and  the  Council,  and  I  have  his  Excy's  Directions  to  Signify  tlie  same  to  you  and  tliat  he 
sees  witli  much  Satisfaction  the  Ueadiness  with  wliich  you  was  assisted  on  this  Occasion  by  the 
neighbff  Justices  Tliomas  Cliandler  Junior  and  William  Willard  Esq'. 

His  Excellency  desirous  of  retaining  in  Office  the  most  respectable  Persons  in  the  County  could 
not  think  of  appointing  any  Person  as  Second  Judge  in  your  Stead,  He  has  however  added 
another  Gentleman  to  tlie  Bench,  wliich  after  your  faithful  Service  in  that  County  will  give  you  an 
opportunity,  with  less  Prejudice  to  the  public,  of  taking  as  little  sliare  of  the  Burthen  of  the  Office, 
as  shall  be  most  agreeable  to  yourself.    I  am  with  very  great  Regard 

Sir 


COL.  REED  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

To  His  Excellency  The  Governor 

The  following  Thoughts  are  humbly  submitted  l)y  L'  Cull  Reid. 

As  a  Report  prevails  that  your  Excellency  in  Councill  propose  soon  to  fix  upon  a  proper  situation 
for  a  Court  House  to  be  erected  in  Charlote  County,  I  theretbre  think  it  a  duty  incumbent  upon  me 
to  lay  before  your  Excellency  tlie  followim^  Extract  from  Lord  Dunmores  Letter  to  me  of  tlie  lit'' 
ult  viz  :  "  I  sliall  be  extremely  happy  if  the  Legislature  should  pay  me  the  compliment  of  fixing 
upon  my  Land  for  the  Court  house  to  stand  upon  ;  and  in  that  event  I  siiall  most  cheerfully  build  a 
Court  House  or  any  other  Buildings  that  may  be  thought  requisite  by  the  Publick." 

In  case  his  Lordship's  Land  should  be  fixed  upon  for  the  aI)ove  purpose,  I  am  ready  to  give 
Bond,  if  it  should  be  required,  for  the  faithful  performance  of  wliat  he  has  offered. 

As  this  is  a  matter  of  great  importance  to  the  Inhabitants,  and  to  every  person  having  an  Interest 
in  that  County,  I  would  humbly  beg  1' ave  to  observe  that  two  or  tliree  situations  have  been  talked 
of  for  the  Court  House,  all  of  them  improper,  being  near  the  Southern  Extremitys  of  the  County  ; 
because  it  is  demonstrable  tliat  it  W(ml(l  prevent  the  settlement  of  the  nortliern  part  of  the  County, 
and  of  course  be  greatly  prejudicial  to  the  Proprietors  of  Land  tiiere  for  there  can  be  no  doubt  that 
the  fixing  the  Court  House  to  the  Soutluvard  will  naturally  draw  the  Inhabitants  tliat  way  ;  whereas 
if  it  should  be  placed  in  a  more  centrical  situation,  it  will  be  a  means  of  dift'nsing  the  Inhabitants 
more  equally  through  every  part  of  the  County,  to  tlie  equal  advantage  of  the  Proprietors  of  Land, 
and  conveniency  of  the  Inhabitants. 

Should  it  be  argued  tliat  how  soon  the  northern  part  of  the  County  is  peopled,  it  is  to  be  formed 
into  a  separate  County  ;  I  would  answer  that  there  is  no  probability  of  its  happening  for  at  least 
forty  years  to  come,  the  number  of  Inhabitants  in  that  extensive  Tra.t  of  Country,  being  at  present 
so  inconsiderable. 

Tiie  Proprietors  of  Lands,  as  well  as  the  Inhabitants,  in  the  Southern  parts  of  that  County  already 
possess  great  at!vantages  over  those  in  the  northern  parts,  by  their  enjoyment  of  a  milder  Climate  ; 
and  being  nearer  to  a  settled  Country  and  to  the  interior  parts  of  tlie  Province,  they  can  have  a  ready 
market  for  their  Produce  at  a  much  smaller  expence  of  Carrriage  ;  which  without  another  acquired 


ir 


470 


COMTROVERSV    RESPECTING    THE  MEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


advnntaf;e,  must  naturally  increase  the  value  of  their  Lands,  wliich  already  bear  a  price,  and 
consoqut'Dtly  will  draw  settlers  to  tlieni.  Tiie  Proprietors  therelbre,  of  Lands  to  the  Northward, 
wlio  are  equally  cliargable  with  His  Miijesty's  Quit  Uents,  and  wlio  expect  to  meet  with  equall  Favor, 
will  have  but  a  poor  cliance  of  getting  their  lands  settled,  under  so  many  disadvantages,  in  case  u 
sitiuition  for  the  County  Town  sliould  l)o  cliose  near  tlie  Soutliern  Extremity  of  the  County.  Any 
Situation,  whicli  will  occassion  a  long  land  Carriage  to  it,  in  a  County  where  there  are  no  Roads, 
must  l)e  grivotis  to  the  Inliabitants.  A  Situation,  tlierelbre  nearly  centrical,  providing  it  enjoys  the 
advantage  of  water  Carriage,  appears  to  be  most  eligible.  In  a  Comity  where  a  great  part  of  the 
Inliabitants  aredisalectedtotiusGovermnent,and  liavebeen  suiyect  to  no  law,  it  becomes  a  question, 
wliether  it  would  l)e  proper  to  place  tlie  County  Town  near  to  Crown  point,  where  the  Inhabitants 
are  well  art'ected  to  this  Goveriunent,  and  where  the  Civil  Magistrate  could  have  the  assistance  of  a 
military  Force  in  case  it  should  at  any  time  be  found  absolutely  necessary  in  the  execution  of 
his  Duty. 

All  tiiat  I  wish  for  is,  that  such  u  Resolution  may  b§  taken,  as  will  tend  to  the  Honor  of  Gov- 
ernment, and  to  the  equal  advantage  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  tliat  County. 

All  which  is  humbly  submitted  by 
7"'  Api- 1772.  JoKN  Reid. 


PETITION  OF  THE  PROPRIETORS  OF  SOCIALBORO'  &c. 


To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon   iMjuire   Captain  G'.neral   and    Governor  in  Chief 
in  and  over  tlie  Province  of  Nitv  York  and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in 
.America  Ciianccllor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  tlie  same. 
Tlie  Petition  of  the   Subscribers,  who  are   interested   in  the  Townships  of  Socialborough, 
Ilalesborough,  Newry  Richmund  Kelso  Monckton  &.  Durliam  in  the  County  of  Charlette, 
Most  humbly  Slieweth 

That  your  Petitioners  being  informed  that  the  appointment  of  the  Township  or  place  for  holding 
the  Courts  in  that  County  of  Charlette,  will  sixm  come  under  your  Excellency's  Consideration,  They 
beg  leave  most  humbly  to  suggest — 

That  the  Townsliip  of  Socialborough  is  nearly  central,  to  that  part  of  the  Country,  whicli  will 
probably  remain  a  separate  County,  wiien  the  Northern  part  of  this  province  becomes  populous  (to 
wit)  from  Batten  Kill,  to  an  East  Line  from  the  mouth  of  Otter  Creek,  comprising  a  district  of  about 
75  Miles  in  length — 

That  the  road-  leading  Northward  from  tlie  Massachusett's  Bay,  and  Westward  from  New 
Hampshire,  botli  pass  thro'  the  said  Townsliip  ;  which  your  Petitioners  conceive  a  strong  proof  of 
its  being  easy  of  Access — 

That  the  said  Township,  and  I  <  Liin.  in  its  Neighbourhood,  are  remarkably  fertile,  and  pleas- 
antly situated,  on  a  fine  river  CHl*\i  Otter  Creek,  wli'vh  for  many  Miles  is  navigable  with  Batteaus, 
and  would  be  throughout,  hut  f  •   he  obstruction  cT"  e  falls 

That  from  the  best  iiilnrmati-'ri  your  Petitioners  are  able  to  collect,  tho'  the  settlement  began 
within  three  years,  there  are  already  thirty  five  Families  in  Socialborough,  and  twenty  more  have 
made  Improveuents,  &  are  expected  to  remove  thither  the  ensuing  Spring  ;  the  chief  of  whom  have 
agreed  to  take  Titles  for  their  Farms  untler  this  Goveinmeiit. 

That  in  the  three  Townships  of  Durham,  Grafton,  and  Chesterfield,  which  adjoin  each  other,  and 


OONTROTERSY   BE*PECTINa    THE    KKW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


471 


extend  from  Socialboroiigh  Southward,  there  are  Ninety  six  Families  actually  settled,  who  all  hold 
tlieir  Estates  under  this  Government. 

Tliat  in  Cliutliam,  wlilcli  is  the  next  Town  adjoining  Chesterfield  towards  the  South,  there  are 
setlletl  Fifteen  Families  ;  &  in  Eugene,  which  adjoins  it  on  the  West,  Forty.  In  Princetown,  which 
adjohis  Chatliam  on  the  South,  Seventy  Families  ;  and  in  the  West  Camden  wliicli  adjoins  it  on  tlie 
West,  Twelve  Families. 

That  tliuse  making  in  tlie  wliole  near  two  hundred  Heads  of  Families,  cliiefly  live  at  a  convenient 
distance  from  Soclalborough,  and  the  most  remote  of  tliem  not  exceeding  Forty  miles ;  and  liave 
already  tlie  advantage  of  a  tolerable  road,  thro'  which  loaded  Carts  have  passed  from  Soclalborough 
to  All^any  the  last  summer. 

That  Col.  Reids  settlement,  which  is  furthest  North  and  which  consists  of  about  Fifteen  Families, 
is  at  no  greater  distance  from  Soclalborough  than  thirty  Miles  and  Major  Skene's  within  Twenty  Miles. 

Tiiat  from  tliese  circumstances  your  Petitioners  liope  it  will  appear  that  this  Townsliip  Is  well 
situated  for  tlie  County  Town,  and  not  only  convenient  to  the  greater  part  of  the  present  Inhabit- 
ants, but  will  continue  to  be  so  to  the  Country  in  general  (as  far  as  to  the  said  East  Line  from  the 
mouth  of  Otter  Creek,)  when  it  becomes  populous  and  fully  improved. 

That  the  present  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  are  very  poor,  and  unable,  but  by  their  Labour, 
to  contribute  any  thing  towards  the  Building  a  Court  House  and  Goal,  nor  is  any  Provision  made  for 
that  purpose  by  law. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  humbly  pray,  that,  unless  your  Excellency  shall  judge  some  other 
place  to  be  more  proper,  the  County  Town  of  the  said  County  may  be  fixed  at  Socialborough  in 
which  case  your  Petitioners  are  willing,  and  do  engage,  to  raise  &  pay  all  the  money,  which  shall 
be  necessui'y  for  erecting  a  convenient  Court  House  &  Goal  for  the  said  County. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  ever  pray  &c 


Jncobus  Van  Zandt 
Win  Slierift" 
Riclid  Maitlandt  Atty 
W.  McArtara 
G:  Matiirin 
Stepn  Kfimble 
James  Fhyn 

1772.    April  8.  Read  in  Council. 


Clins  McEvors 
Hamilton  Young 
Thoopliylact  Bachn 
HiMiry  Van  VIcck 
William  Lupton 
Theodrs  Van  Wyck 
Isaac  Roosevelt 


Adam  Gilkrist 
Saml  Doall 
William  Cockbiirn 
bv  Older 
Wm  Walton 
Jacob  Walton 
J :  AV ;  Huri'is  Cruger 


Gerard  Walton 
John  De  Lanccy 
Fred :  De  Peyster  for 

self  Si  Doctr  Jno  Jonei 
Fredk  V.  Cortlandt 
Garret  Rapalje 


CIVIL  OFFICERS  FOR  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

A  Nomination  for  the  Civil  Authority  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New 
York  1772. 


Thomas  Chandler 
Joseph  Lord 
SanuR'l  Wells 

Noah  Sahin 
Willi:(in  Willard 
Tlioniiis  Chandler  Junr 

JUMII'S  HoiljIlTS 

Stophon  Groenleaf 
Wni  Williams 
John  Bridgeman 


Judges  8ec. 


Assistant  Justices  Sec. 


Nathan  Stone 
Simeon  Stevens 
Ephralni  Ranneey 
Samuel  Nichol' 
Zadock  Wrigh 
David  Stone 
Jonathon  BurcK  ^nfl 
Hatch 

John  Chandler  Clerk 
Elias  Olcott  Coroner 
Daniel  Whipple  H:  Sheriff 


astices  of  yo  Peace. 


479  COKTROVKRSy    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPDHIRE   ORANTa. 

ACCOUNT  OF  THE  TEMPER 

OF  THE  RIOTERS  IN  THE  EASTERN  PARTS  OF  THE  PROVINCE. 

In  Council  15  April  1772 
His  Excrlltncy  conimunicated  to  tlio  Board  two  Letters  he  had  received  tVoin  John  Muino  Esq' 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  fur  the  County  of  Albany:  One  dated  28">  Mardi, 
acquainting  Ids  Excellency  tliat  lie  had  j)roceeded  against  one  of  tlie  worst  men  among  tlie  lliotors, 
and  should  liavo  liad  him  secured  in  (ioal,  had  he  had  tlie  Assistance  of  Ten  Men  that  would  have 
taken  arms  and  obejed  his  orders,  but  tliat  tiiey  all  run  into  tlie  Woods  when  they  ought  to  have 
resisted;  tiiat  two  Constables  behav'd  well  during  the  whole  Time,  and  tliat  he  has  transmitted  a 
full  account  of  his  proceedings  to  the  Attorney  General  who  will  wait  on  his  Excellency  with  it — 
Tiiat  he  is  greatly  distress'd  having  no  otlier  Assistance  than  his  own  Servants  to  defend  liis  person 
and  property,  and  his  House  surrounded  every  Niglit  by  the  Kioters,  firing  tiieir  Guns  &ca  and 
that  he  has  Reason  to  be  tliankfull  to  Divine  jirovldence  for"  their  preservation,  as  had  they  not  acted 
with  Spirit  and  Resolution,  they  should  all  iiave  l)een  kill'd  on  the  sjxitt;  for  having  got  but  a  small 
Hole  in  tlie  Door,  one  of  the  Rioters  run  Ids  pistol  througli  and  Snapt  it  at  his  Breast,  and  after  they 
got  into  tlie  House  he  flasli'd  it  at  his  Servant  who  was  going  up  stairs  after  him,  and  tired  at 
the  Constable  who  took  him.  And  that  he  iiopes  his  Excellency  will  lot :  ■  no  Time  in  nllording 
liira  such  Relief  as  the  Nature  of  tlie  Case  mav  require — And  tlie  other  of  i  •■  saiil  Letters  dated 
the  G'h  Instant,  in  which  the  said  M'  Justice  Munroe  informs  his  Excellency,  that  the  Rioters  in  that 
part  of  the  Country  are  listing  Men  daily,  and  oifer  <£15  Bounty  to  every  Man  that  joins  with  tliem, 
and  thus  Strike  Terror  into  the  whole  Country — That  tliey  have  too  many  Friends  in  the  Country 
owing  to  self  Interest,  and  that  he  Is  afraid  of  the  Consequences  every  Moment,  as  he  cannot  find 
any  Justice  or  one  Officer  now,  that  will  act  or  say  against  them.  That  he  is  almost  wore  out  with 
Watching,  and  that  nothing  saves  him  but  the  Figure  he  makes  about  his  House  with  Arms  &€". 

Names  and  Persons  wlio  rescued  Remember  Backer  produced  in  Council  the  26'''  May  1772. 


.Tdsopli  Brndlcy 
Lemuel  Uradli'j' 
Jesse  SiuvvLT 
Isaac  Vaiiiiomiin 
Abel  Castle  Jiin 


Ciirtiss  Ilawley 
Elislia  Slierman 
Filiiw  Hurllmt 
Abijali  lliird 
Ebenezer  Wallis 


Joliii  W'liiston 
Austin  Scela 
.Jn.slicc  Slierwood 
Caleb  Ileniierson 


EXAMINATION  AS  TO  THE  RIOTS  AT  BENNINGTON. 

In  Council  May  9«h  1772. 
Hazard  Wilcox  of  Bennington  in  the  County  of  Albany  attending  without,  was  called  in,  and 
being  examined  touching  tlie  Riots  and  Disorders  in  that  part  of  the  Country,  declared  that  he 
lived  on  the  patent  of  Wallumschack  about  seventeen  Miles  from  Hudson's  River,  and  that  he 
understood  tlie  present  Riotuus  disposition  and  Conduct  of  the  peojile  there,  to  proceeil  from  tiieir 
Claims  to  tlie  soil  under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire;  that  many  he  was  of  opinion  would  he 
willing  to  purchase  Titles  under  this  Government  to  the  Lands  they  have  improved,  but  were  detered 
by  the  Majority  who  are  of  the  contrary  opinion,  and  seem  determined  to  hold  their  possessions  by 


CONTROVERSY    HE8PCCTIN0    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   ORANTt. 


473 


Force,  and  that  among  their  principal  Lenders  are  James  Breakcnridge,  Jededlah  Dewey  and 
Steplien  Faey. 

The  said  Hazard  Wilcox  being  withdrawn, and  tlieBoiird  taking  Into  Consideration  tlie  present  State 
of  tiiat  part  of  tlie  Country,  and  l)eing  unwilling  to  adopt  severe  Measures  wiille  there  is  any 
prospect  tlmt  lenient  Metlioils  niiiy  prove  successful,  luuiihly  advised  his  Excellency  to  signify  to  tlie 
principal  persons  among  the  suid  Inliahitanis,  that  they  should  lay  l)efori)  his  Excellency  in  Council 
the  Causes  of  their  Illegal  proceedings  who  are  disposed  to  examine  into  the  Grounds  of  tlieir 
Behaviour  and  discontent,  and  as  liir  as  is  in  their  power,  to  give  them  such  Uelitf  as  the  Nature 
of  their  sltuati(m  and  Circumstances  will  justify,  and  assuring  them  of  full  security  and  protection 
to  any  persons  whom  they  shall  send  hither  for  that  purpose,  from  the  Time  tliey  leave  tlieir  House 
to  their  Return. 


ARMED  ORGANIZATION  OF  THE  BENNINGTON  RIOTERS. 

In  Council  May  19th  1772. 

His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  to  him  from  M""  Justice  Munroc  of  the  3^ 
Instant,  with  a  Letter  from  Ebcnezer  Cole  to  M'  Munroe  of  the  2''  Instant,  whereby  it  appears 
that  the  Rioters  had  brought  to  Bennington  two  pieces  of  Caimon  and  a  Morter  piece  from  the  small 
Fort  at  East  Hoseck  with  powder  and  Ball,  and  were  making  great  preparations  for  tlieir  Delence, 
giving  out  that  a  Body  of  Regulars  were  on  their  March  against  them.  And  that  Remember  Baker 
and  his  party,  went  the  day  before  to  the  House  of  Bliss  Willoughby,  and  cut  him  in  a  barbarous 
manner. 

His  Excellency  then  communicated  to  the  Board  the  Draft  of  a  Letter  he  had  wrote  and  intended 
to  Ibrwar*'  to  some  of  the  Rioters  in  pursuance  of  the  Resolution  of  this  Board  at  their  last 
meeting,  which  being  read  and  ap{)roved  of,  was  Ordered  to  be  forwarded  by  Letter  from  the  Dei)uty 
Clerk  of  the  Council  to  the  Sherif  of  Albany,  with  directions  to  him  to  deliver  it  with  his  own 
Hands  to  M'  Dewey  or  in  Case  of  his  Absence  to  any  principal  Inhabitant  of  Bennington. 


i  ■>! 


11 


GOV.  TRYON  TO  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  BENNINGTON. 

[Slade's  Vcnnont  Papers.] 

New  York,  May  19">  1772. 

Gentlemen,  The  many  violent  and  illegal  acts  you  have  lately  committed  against  the  peace  and 
good  order  of  this  Province,  of  which  I  have  frequent  proofj  and  informations,  at  the  same  time 
that  tliey  are  not  only  a  reproach  to  yourselves,  but  dangerous  and  injurious  to  your  families  and 
interests,  cannot  fail  of  being  higlily  otfeiisive  to  your  Sovereign.  You  may  depend,  a  perseverance 
in  your  disobedience  to,  and  violations  of,  the  Laws  of  your  Country,  must  soon  draw  forth  against 
you  the  exertions  of  the  Powers  of  Government.  However,  being  sincerely  desirous  on  my  part, 
to  avoid  compulsive  measures,  while  lenient  methods  may  prove  successful ;  I  esteem  it  my  duty  to 
write  you  to  lay  liefore  this  government  the  causes  of  your  illegal  proceedings,  and  it  is  with  the 
concurrence  and  adviceof  His  Majesty's  council,  that  I  send  you  this  invitation,  who,  with  me,  are 

Vol.  IV.  «0 


''•t 


m 


m'M 


■   f 

^% 

fes 

'  '\'' 

;;■-!..- 

si,       I'V 

i!     s-'i 

1 

474 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTINO   THE    NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


ill! 


!  'i 


disposed  to  oxntnine  into  tho  grounds  of  your  holmvionr  and  disconttMit.  wlMi  'Iflihrrntion  nnd 
candor,  and  as  liii  as  in  us  lies,  to  ^i\c  such  rt'lid'  as  tin;  natuic  of  your  >ilu  ilion  and  circuiU' 
stami'M  will  justify.  Tliat  tlu'n>  may  hr  no  ol)strueliou  to  your  layin)^  iM'i'or).'  \\w  ill  t'oumdl,  as  Moon 
as  possibU',  u  fair  reprt'sentation  of  your  con  luct,  I  do  liercliy  t'linanc  full  M-i-urity  ami  prolfcliou 
to  any  pt-rsons  whom  you  shall  choose  to  st-ml  on  thishusinrss  to  Ni'W  York,  t'lin.  liit'  tinif  they  leave 
tiieir  homes  to  the  tiiiu<  of  their  return,  e\ee)it  Jiojiert  (Joeliraii,  as  also  Allen,  D.iker  and  Se\  ill, 
mentiimed  in  my  priudain  itiou  of  the  0''>  of  Dicemhor  last,  and  .Setli  Warm  r,  whose  and  leioiis 
behaviour  to  a  Civil  Magistrate  has  snhjeeted  him  to  the  penalties  of  the  laws  of  his  Coiuitry.  I 
am  told  .\(f  William  Dewev,  a  Minister  of  the  Gospel,  James  Hreakenriilge  and  .\1'  Fay,  are  persons 
in  whose  judgment  you  have  nmeli  conlidenee ;  I  slioidd  therefore  tiiink  tluy  wouM  he  joiu- 
proper  Messengers  on  a  business,  in  whirii  you  lire  so  deeply  concerned  ;  esjieeially  M'  Dewey,  wlio 
lias  been  liivorably  represented  liere  sii\ce  my  nppointmei'it  to  this  (Joveinment.  Mis  Majesty's 
Secretary  of  State  has  sii^nilled  to  me,  that  the  Kin^  has  finally  tixed  Connecticut  Uiver  to  be  tlus 
establisJied  jurisdiction  between  the  Goverunu-nt  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire. 

This  circumstanoe  I  nieiitiun  that  you  may  not  be  misled  or  deceived  by  a  ]«  r-inasiun,  that  that 
part  of  the  Country  you  inhabit,  will  ever  be  amiexed  to  tlu-  Government  of  New  llaini>shire.  1 
have  this  further  motive  for  nieiitionint;  tlie  Kind's  final  decision,  that  by  your  receiving  this 
authority,  nf  your  beinf;  in  tiie  government  of  New  York  I  am  hopeful,  your  future  coiiduci  will 
justify  me,  in  assuring  his  .Majesty  <jf  your  dutiful  obedience  to  his  royal  delerminatiou.  I  Halter 
myself  you  will  cheerfully  improve  this  liual  oiler  uf  reconciling  yoiu'selves  to  tliis  Govermnent. 
I  am  your  friend. 

W.M.  Trvon. 


JONATHAN  WiIi:A'r-S  AFFIDAVIT. 

City  of  New  York,  ss.  J(>natii.\n  Wiiiai  of  Shaftsbnry  in  the  County  of  Albany  Farmer  of 
full  age,  being  didy  sworn  deposeth  and  saith,  tliat  he  hath  lived  with  his  Family  in  Sliaflsb  ny 
upwards  of  three  years  last  past  on  a  I,"tt  of  Land  which  he  ptuchased  mider  tlie  Title  of  New 
Hampshire,  but  wliicli  is  in<lnditl  in  Nhijoi'  Small's  Grant  from  this  Province — That  he  has  agreed 
ibr  Major  Small's  Title.  That  it  was  well  known  among  the  Peoph;  in  that  Country  in  general 
that  the  Deponent  gave  a  Prefereiiee  to  the  Titles  under  tlie  Govermnent  of  New  York,  that  he 
was  a  Friend  to  that  Government,  and  that  tim  strongly  solicited  to  it,  he  had  refused  to  join  the 
Mob  Party  on  wliich  aocoiuit  tiiey  had  taken  great  Dislike  to  him,  and  hjok'd  on  him  as  their 
Fnemy.  That  ajiprejiensive  of  Danger  if  lie  .i',ve!t  long<'r  among  them,  and  knowing  it  woidil  ruin 
both  him  and  his  Family  if  he  was  obliged  to  abandon  his  Farm,  he  went  a  few  Days  before  he  left 
Shaftsbiu-y,  to  eonsidt  ami  ask  the  advie.^  of  .John  Ih'acket,  who  is  a  Person  living  in  nennington, 
an  acquaintance  (•!'  Iiis,  and  who  keeps  nji  a  good  nmlersfaiiding  with  the  Peojile  on  both  sides,  and 
to  endeavour  thro  his  Means  to  obtain  Protection  from  the  violences  of  the  Mob.  That  Ihacket 
informed  him  the  Persons  wiio  conunitted  those  Violences  were  not  the  People  to  apply  to  for  Protec- 
tion. That  the  Deponent  then  asked  llracket  how  long  time  it  woidd  require  to  make  apidication  fir 
this  Purjjose  to  tlic  projier  Persons,  'fh.it  Bracket  answered,  Ijrakenridge  was  gone  from  home  ; 
that  the  Deponent  then  asked  Bracket  how  I'ar  lie  Bracket  nuist  go  to  apjily  or  speak  to  the  llejid 
Men.  That  Bracket  answered  he  must  go  lieyoiid  the  Meeting  House,  by  which  the  Deponent 
understood  he  meant  to  go  to  .Fedediah  Dewey  and  .Tohn  Fasset,  wholes  Houses  from  the  spott  the 


1 


CO.NTHOVCRSY    RKSrCCTING    THK    NlilW    llAMPaillKK   UUANT8. 


in 


Deponent  mid  Brackt't  \v«ii>  tlnii  in,  staml  bejoml  tlic  niectini^.  Tliut  the  Diponent  then  askM 
]{rii(k<t  if  hf  (lid  nnt  nn'iiii  to  see  I.iindliird  Fny,  and  whetlicr  lit!  should  see  the  two  IJuhlnsons, 
to  wliieh  Ihjuket  answered  in  the  Allinuative.  Fmru  all  whltli  tlie  Depomiit  eleurly  understond 
that  Hracket  loukM  uixm  James  Hiakemidi^e,  Jedediah  Dewey,  John  Fasstt,  Stephen  Fey,  Samuel 
Itiiliinson  and  Moses  Huhinson,  to  be  the  rcisoiis  who  rul'd  »n<l  governed  the  Hiutous  Party  at 
lienningtou  and  the  adjacent  Towns — That  Ihiuket  )>rundsed  to  fft  the  next  Day  to  s]ieak  to  tho 
uhovenanied  Persons  as  the  Deiionent  understood  and  to  give  the  Deponent  un  Answer  but  did  not 
gi>  and  the  Deponent  soon  utter  huving  received  Int'orniation  from  divers  Persons  that  1ih  was 
threatned,  and  that  tliey  lear'd  he  wi'Uld  be  kiU'd,  thought  It  best  to  avohl  flu  'Wiger,  and  left 
Shal'tsbury  on  Sunday  the  P  '  Instant,  leaving  his  Family  who  had  not  been  tin.'  ..l.^  behind  him. 
That  he  does  not  int<iid  !■  etnni  to  his  Family  until  he  thinks  he  may  d<)  it  ni.i.  >i«((»y.  That  thu 
Deponent  sineehis  lUsi<!  ut  ^  'lal'tsbury  has  been  informed  of  lre(juent  i';  <(3  and  Violences  com- 

mitted by  the  People  of  J;.  '■zUm  and  the  adjacent  Towns,  except  I'ownall  that  r^iit'd.is  unlet  nncl 
l)eaceahle  ;   That  tlie  Hlo  rty  among  the  People  who  are  by  far  the  most  numerous  appear  to 

1dm  resolutely  bent  if  tlu ;\  cannot  otherwise  keep  their  Possessions,  to  deli  ud  them  by  Force  of 
arms.  That  they  hohl  the  authority  and  Government  of  New  Vork  in  great  Contempt  and  will 
iiot  sufl'er  tho  Magistrates  or  Civil  oilicers  there  to  do  their  Duty  in  the  execution  of  their  odices 
in  any  Case  where  they  apprehend  the  least  Danger  of  tlicir  being  taken  to  answer  for  their  riotous 
Proceedings. 

Jonathan  Wheat. 
Sworn  Before  his  Excellency  the  Governor  in  Council  the 

291''  Day  of  May  VHl  and  Belbre  me. 

Dan:  Hohsmanuen. 


I 


FURTHER  MINUTE  OF  COUNCIL  RESPECTING  THE  RIOTERS. 

In  Coi'ncil  June  3"l  1772. 

His  K,\cellcncy  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  nf  the  22''  ultimo  from  Benjanun  Spencer 
Esijuire  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany,  inlbrnung  his  Excel- 
lency of  the  Itiotous  spirit  which  now  prevails  among  the  people  seated  under  Title  derived  from 
the  Province  of  New  Hamjjshire — That  the  Inliabitants  of  Durham,  the  place  of  his  own  Residence, 
are  daily  tlireatned  to  be  driven  oft'  their  possessions,  the  House  he  lives  in  to  be  Burnt,  and  that 
he  is  oldiged  to  confine  himself  at  Home,  as  he  cannot  with  saiety  go  from  thence  to  transact  his 
Business — As  also  a  Deposition  therein  inclosed  of  Joseph  Pringle  taken  before  M^  Justice 
Spencer.  And  the  same  being  read  the  said  Joseph  Pringle  who  attended  without,  was  called  in, 
and  being  examined  at  tlie  Board  his  Deposition  was  ordered  to  be  taken  and  sworn  to  before  M' 
Cliief  Justice  Horsmanden. 

His  Excellency  then  conununicated  to  the  Board,  a  Letter  from  Major  Philip  Skene  dated  the 
28">  ult"  advising  that  M^  Fay  and  several  others  had  been  with  him,  and  brought  a  Copy  of  his 
Excellency's  Letter  of  the  19"'  of  May,  and  that  they  promise  to  wait  on  his  Excellency  imnie- 
diat«'ly  after  they  have  communicated  the  Contents  of  the  Letter  to  the  jjcople  of  Bennington  and 
the  adjacent  Country  on  the  East  side  of  Hudson's  River. 


'  1.^ 


Iff 


I   •■         lid  ■!!.■/■ 


]  ill 


I  m 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


11° 


S  U£  lllllio 


I.I 


11.25  III  1.4   IIIIII.6 


VI 


n 


/a 


?%r.o*^^     ^J. 


^''^i  '•^ 


'/ 


fliotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


V>Z^ 


^^ 


v^-'  ^ 


'% 


^ 


^v- 


c^ 


.^o 


y 


<^ 


! 


476 


OONTBOVEBSY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


PETITION  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OP  GUILFORD. 

To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain  General  and  Governor  m  Chief  in 
and  over  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in 
America  Chancellor  and  vice  Admiral  of  the  same. 
The  Petition  of  David  Field,  Silah  Barnard  Thomas  Cutler  Asa  Rice  Francis  Rice  Peter  Rice 
Silas  Cutlar  Jotham  Biglo  Sliubeld  Bullock  and  Joel  Blglo  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their 
associates  Inhabitants  of  the  Township  of  Guilford  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and 
Province  of  New  York. 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth. 

That  your  Petitioners  and  their  associates  on  the  second  day  of  April  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
One  thousand  Seven  hundred  and  Fifty  four  obtained  a  grant  from  the  Government  of  New  Hamp- 
shire for  the  said  Guilford  Containing  Twenty  three  thousand  and  forty  acres  of  land. 

That  in  pursuance  thereof  your  Petitioners  and  their  associates  settled  upon,  cultivated,  and 
improved  tlie  same  at  a  very  great  expence  conceiving  their  Title  to  be  good  until  after  the  arrival 
of  liis  Majesty's  Royal  Order  in  his  Privy  Council  of  the  Twentieth  day  of  July  1764  declaring  "  the 
West  Banks  of  the  River  Connecticut  from  where  it  enters  tlie  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay 
as  far  North  as  the  forty  fifth  degree  of  Northern  Latitude  to  be  the  boundary  Line  between  the 
Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire." 

That  in  the  year  1765,  your  Petitioners  applied  to  Lieutenant  Governor  Golden  for  a  Grant  of  the 
said  Townsliip  of  Guilford,  which  his  Honor  promised  they  should  have  as  soon  as  the  sundry 
Petitions  Tlien  presented  for  Lands  in  that  part  of  the  Country  came  under  consideration. 

That  your  Petitioners  in  the  year  1766  Presented  another  Petition  to  His  Excellency  the  Late 
Sir  Henry  Moore  Baronet  Praying  a  Grant  and  Confirmation  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this  Province 
Tills  Petition  as  well  as  tlie  former  being  either  neglected  or  mislaid  your  Petitioners  presented  a 
second  in  the  year  following  but  with  the  like  ill  success. 

That  your  Petitioners  rested  some  years  without  further  application  for  a  Grant  till  a  Patent  to 
Colonel  Howard  comprehending  all  the  property  that  some  of  your  Petitioners  had  in  the  world 
induced  them  to  trouble  your  Excellency  with  Two  Petitions  lately  presented,  one  praying  a  Grant 
to  your  Petitioners  and  their  associates  of  such  part  of  the  Township  of  Guilford  as  is  not  included 
within  Colonel  Howards  bounds  such  of  your  Petitioners  as  reside  thereon  or  had  any  Claim 
thereto  under  the  New  Hampshire  Title  having  settled  with  and  given  up  or  taken  leases  from 
Colonel  Howard.  And  the  other  Petition  praying  for  a  Grant  of  Twelve  thousand  acres  of  Land 
therein  particularly  located  as  a  Compensation  for  the  Loss  they  sustained  by  Colonel  Howards  grant. 

Tiiat  your  Petitioners  have  always  been  staunch  friends  to  the  interest  of  this  Government 
particularly  at  the  time  of  the  unhappy  Riots  at  Windsor  and  in  the  year  1770  chearfully  subscribed 
a  Petition  to  our  Most  Gracious  Sovereign  then  circulating  in  this  Country  humbly  praying  that  the 
Lands  westward  of  the  River  Connecticut  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  should 
remain  to  the  Government  of  New  York,  for  the  truth  of  which  facts  they  beg  leave  to  refer  your 
Excellency  to  the  Gentleman  who  circulated  the  said  Petition,  one  of  whom  is  now  at  New  York. 

Your  Petitioners  tiierefore  confiding  in  your  Excellency's  Humanity  and  the  Tenderness  of  the 
Honourable  board  most  humbly  pray  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates  that  your 
Excellency  will  be  favourably  pleased  to  Grant  to  your  Petitioners  His  Majesty's  Letters  Patent 


OONTROVGRSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


477 


for  the  residue  of  the  Township  of  Guilford  and  also  for  the  said  Tract  of  Twelve  thousand 
acres  in  the  Names  of  the  respective  persons  mentioned  in  the  Schedule  subjoined  to  their  former 
Petition. 

SiLAH  Barnard 
David  Field 
Guilford  May  the  Eleventh  1772.  Thomas  Cutlak 


SCHEDULE  of  the  names  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Township  of  Guilford. 


David  Field  a  WiAj  and  9  children 

Silah  Barnard  "  6  '' 

Thomas  Cutler  "  1  " 

Asa  Rice  "  7  " 

Francis  Rice  "  6  " 

Peter  Rice  "  4  " 

Silas  Cutler  "  11  " 

Jotliam  Biglo  "  9  " 

Alijali  Rice  "  4  " 

Abiah  Rogers  "  3  " 

Daniel  Grew  "  7  " 

Hezekiah  Howell  "  11  " 

Shubeld  Bullock  "  8  " 

Joel  Biglo  "  2  " 

MiclRice  "  1  " 

Nathl  Carpenter  "  8  " 

Daniel  Boydcn  "  6  " 

Joel  Cutler    No  Wife  7 


Samuel  Mellendy  a  Wife  6 

Jedediali  Woods     " 

Moses  Bixby  No  Wife 

James  Cutlar  Wife  k      5  children 

Edward  Bennitt      " 

Gersham  Rice         " 

Enoch  Stowell        " 

William  Nicholls    " 

Ebonczer  Goodenongh 

David  Stowell         " 

David  Goodenough  " 

SttmiiH  Nickolls     " 


Samuel  Field         No  Wifo  or  Child 
William  Morris        "  " 

Matthew  Clesson      "  " 

Kbcnezcr  Barnard    "  < 

Joseph  Barnard       "  " 

Obadiali  Dickenson  "  " 

Samuel  Barnard  Junr  " 

Charles  Coats  "  " 

James  Morris  "  " 

Samuel  Partridge    "  " 

David  Wells  "  " 

Aaron  Scott  "  " 

John  Allen  Junr      "  " 

Richard  Crouch       '•  " 

John  Cluuldick         "  " 

James  Boyd  "  " 

Elijah  Williams        "  " 

Eleazer  Hawker       "  " 

John  Curtis  "  " 

John  ChaddicU  Jur  "  " 

Nathl  AVillard  "  " 

Benj:  Green    a  Wife  Jt    5  children 
Nathl  Green        No  AVife  or  child 
Timothv  Paine  Wifb  (c  2  children 
Benj :  Egar  No  Wife  or  child 

Peter  Green        Wife  ii  3  cliildren 
Samll  Williams       "      4        " 
John  Curtis  "      «        " 

Ebenezer  Curtis       "      7        " 
George  Price        No  Wife  or  child 
Thos  Woolslev    No  Wife  or  child 
Wife  &  8  children 
"      C        " 
fi        " 
9        " 
David  Ayers  Jur  No  Wife  or  child 
Jonathan  Penney     "  " 

John  Shepardson  AVife  k  11  children 


Zcphaniah  Sliepardson    4  children 
Beiua  Carpenter  Wife  &  5        " 
Bcnja  Preston  "      4        " 

Daniel  Whitaker      "      0        " 
Caleb  Colo  "      8        •• 

John  Tim  No  Wife  or  child 

Daniel  Lynds        Wife  it  4  children 


John  Camps 
AVni  Larkin 
Joseph  Jackson 
David  Ayers 


Joshua  Niirs 

it 

2 

AViUlam  White 

It 

5 

Zacheus  Farnsworth 

7 

Giles  Hublwrt 

tt 

8 

Jedediah  Woods 

i( 

7 

Barnabas  Russel 

<( 

2 

Oliver  Wilson     N 

n  AVife  or 

child 

Benoni  Smith      Wife  Ic  7  children 

Josiah  Scott 

11 

2 

It 

Henry  Hicks 

(1 

1 

It 

Abel  Torv 

(( 

2 

II 

Amos  Whiting 

it 

6 

II 

Ephraim  Whiting 

tt 

8 

ir 

Saml  Bcnnit 

tt 

1 

tt 

David  Weeks 

tt 

8 

tt 

Sefh  Whitaker 

tt 

5 

tt 

John  Gaits 

tt 

3 

'< 

Samuel  Melody 

tt 

9 

<l 

Willm  Ramsdail 

tt 

2 

tt 

Wm  Bullock 

Merodock  Zelladen  Smith  9 

It 

Josiah  Allen 

(1 

6 

tt 

James  King 

(1 

6 

tt 

Aquilla  Clcueland 

It 

4 

<c 

Saml  Allen 

It 

8 

ii 

David  Joy  Tjsqr 

tt 

6 

tt 

James  Dennis 

tt 

8 

tt 

Menassa  Bigsby 

tt 

2 

It 

Jasper  Partriga 

tt 

1 

It 

686  SonU 

Paul  Chase  " 

AVilliam  Biglo         " 

Nathl  Smith  " 

John  Barney  " 

Edward  Barney      " 

Levi  Goodenough  " 

Ithamer  Goodenongh 

Jonathan  Hunt  No  Wife  or  child 

Seth  Dwight  "  " 

1772    June  Q*!"  Read  in  Council  & 

referred  to  a  Committee. 

Memorandum  of  Townships  formerly  Granted  under  New  Hampshire  and  since  confirmed  by  Letters 
Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York. 


J  "I 
11  / 


Brattlehorongh 
New  Fane 
Putney 
Westminister 
Chester 


Springfleld 

Hartford 

AVindsor 

Reading 

Woodstock 


Saltash 

Cavendish 

Newbury 

Corinth 

AVethersfleld 


Townships  for  which  Confirmations  have  not  issued  altlio  long  since  advised  to  be  granted. 

Haliftix  Barnct  AVinhall 

Fnllnm  Stockbrldge  AVallingford 

Bernard  Bridgwater 


Ii 


Thetford 
Fairly 


tomlinson 


Sharon 


478 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


List  of  Townships  formerly  granted  by  New  Hampshire  for  which  appllcation8  have  been  made 
by  pplitioiis  to  the  Government  of  New  York  praying  Confirmations  of  the  Said  Townsliips 
under  the  Seal  of  tlie  Province  of  New  York  and  which  petitions  were  on  tiie  15'*»  Day  of 
June  1772  advised  to  be  granted  wlienever  his  Majesty's  Instructions  will  permit  Grants 
to  be  made  of  said  Townships. 


Giilirord 

WliKlicad 

TunbHdRO 

Liiincnimrgh 

SVilniinKton  or  DraiHT 

Stramird 

LiininKton 

Andovor 

Miiilboi'imgli 

Ryt'Rate 

Averlll 

Pomfrct 

Ludlow 

Pcacimm 

Maidstone 

Stratton 

HockiiiKliiim 

Topaliam 

Nurwich 

Shewabury 

Now  Staiurfrd 

ORDER  RESPECTING  THE  SUFFERERS  BY  THE  BENNINGTON  RIOTERS. 

In  CouncilJune  25«''  1772. 

A  memorial  of  Benjamin  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Ebenezer  Cole,  Bliss  Willoughby  and  Jacob 
Pringle,  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  otlier  freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the  Counties  of  Albany 
and  Charlotte,  was  laid  before  the  Board  and  Read,  setting  forth  the  distresses  of  the  People  in  that 
part  of  the  Country,  arising  from  the  Riotous  proceedings  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  of 
that  vicinity  :  And  ]iraying  his  Excellency  would  take  into  Consideration  their  distressed  situa- 
tion, and  grant  them  all  tliat  Relief  and  Countenance  and  Protection,  wluch  their  present  Circumstances 
require,  and  which  as  faithful  and  obedient  Subjects  they  have  just  reason  to  expect  from  the 
Wisdom  and  Justice  of  Government. 

Ordered  that  the  Consideration  of  the  said  Petition  be  deferd  until  the  next  meeting  of  the 
Boai-d. 


REPORT  OF  COUNCIL  ON  THE  DISORDERS  AT  BENNINGTON. 

In  Coimcil  July  1«»  1772. 

Mf  Smith  from  the  Committee  to  whom  by  order  of  the  SO""  of  June  last,  were  referred  the  letter 
of  19"'  of  June  last,  from  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  that  Vicinily,  and  the  severe,  papers 
mentioned  in  tlie  said  Order  relative  to  the  Disorders  and  Disturbances  at  Benningtcm  and  the 
Towns  adjacent  tliereto  presented  to  his  Excellency  the  Report  of  tlie  said  Committee  thereupon, 
which  being  read  was  on  tlie  question  being  put  agreed  and  approved  of,  and  Stejdien  Fay  and 
Jonas  Fay  witli  the  other  persons  wlio  attended  at  the  Board  on  the  29""  of  June  were  called  in  and 
the  Report  Read  in  tlieir  presence,  and  tliey  being       'drawn. 

It  is  ordered  tlisit  the  said  Rejwrt  be  entered  in  iinutes,  and  the  ("ouncil  huml)1y  advised  his 

Excellency  to  deliver  to  the  parties  an  extract  ot  so  luiich  of  the  said  Re{)ort,  as  relates  to  the 
Conditions  to  l)e  observed  by  the  parties  on  bct'.i  sides  :  Wiiich  Report  is  in  tlie  words  following — 
May  it  please  yovk  Excfxlkncy. 

Among  the  Papers  referr'd  by  your  Excellency  to  th'is  Committee  for  their  Report,  is  an  answer  to 
yf)ur  Excellency's  Letter  of  tlie  19"'  May  last,  calling  on  the  Inliabilants  of  Bennington  and  tlie 
Towns  Adjacent,  for  tlie  Reasons  of  their  late  illegal  and  unjustifiable  conduct  in  t!isj)ossessing  l>y 
Force  and  Violence  the  Setlers  who  had  quietly  and  Peaceal)Iy  seated  themselves  uniler  tlie  Grants 
of  this  Province. 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


479 


Tn  this  answer  which  is  dated  the  19">  of  June  Instant,'  it  is  urged  in  Behalf  of  those  Towns, 
that  they  hold  the  Lands  tliey  possess  by  virtue  of  Grants  made  by  the  Province  of  New  Hamp- 
shire— Tliat  tliey  deera'd  the  soil  to  be  witliin  the  Jurisdiction  of  that  Government  until  the  year 
17(i4,  when  liis  Majesty  was  pleased  to  declare  tlie  Western  Banks  of  Connecticut  River  to  be  the 
Boundary  between  his  two  Colonies  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire.  Tiiat  the  Property  in  tlie 
soil  was  not  altered,  but  the  Jurisdiction  only  established  by  the  said  Order — That  since  the  said 
Order  sundry  Grants  have  been  made  by  this  Government  on  the  Lands  granted  to  the  Claimants 
under  New  Hampshire,  whicli  they  conceive  to  be  contrary  to  the  Prohibition  contained  in  his 
Majesty's  Instructions  to  his  Governor  of  this  Province — That  the  proprietors  of  such  Grants  had 
brought  repeated  ejectments  to  dispossess  the  Settlers  under  New  Hampshire,  whose  proofs  on  Trials 
of  tlieir  Titles,  Tho'  taken  from  authentic  Records,  were  rejected,  and  sufficient  Time  refused  to 
be  allowed  for  collecting  Evidence  to  support  tlieir  Cause,  contrary  as  they  think  to  the  Laws 
and  usages  of  tliis  Province,  That  many  persons  have  been  groundlessly  accused  and  indicted  as 
Rioters  and  thereby  greatly  harassed  and  distress'd  by  Imprisonment,  unreasonable  Costs  and  long  and 
unnecessary  attendance,  particularly  one  Man,  wlio  had  attended  eight  Courts  successively  without 
being  discharged  from  his  Bonds — And  that  as  the  Matter  in  Contest  is  now  before  his  Majesty 
in  his  privy  Council,  they  earnestly  pray  your  Excellency  to  quiet  them  in  their  Possessions 
until  his  Majesty  shall  be  graciously  pleased  to  determine  the  Controversy. 

Could  we  tliink  it  necessary  to  enter  on  a  Refutation  of  Facts  unsupported  by  Proof,  and  grounded 
merely  on  the  suggestion  of  the  parties  accused,  the  committee  must  unavoidably  suspend  their 
Inquiry  as  to  what  relates  to  the  Prosecutions  and  Ejectments  in  Question  until  tiie  Return  of  the 
Judges,  the  Attorney  General,  tlie  Clerk  of  the  Crown,  and  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Bar,  now  absent  on 
the  Northern  Circuit,  from  whom  the  proper  Information  as  to  these  Matters  can  only  be  obtained  ; 
and  we  beg  leave  to  refer  your  Excellency  for  such  Inibrmatiou  to  the  Judges  and  officers  of  the 
several  Courts. 

His  Majesty's  Order  declaring  the  Limits  of  the  two  Provinces,  is  dated  the  20"'  July  1764,  and  on 
its  arrival  wliich  was  not  until  about  the  10"'  April  17C5,  was  communicated  by  tlie  Governor 
to  tlie  Council,  and  a  Proclamation  issued  on  that  Day  notifying  the  same  throughout  tlie  Province- - 
In  Conse(iuence  whereof  numerous  applications  were  made  piiucipally  by  reduced  officers,  and 
some  by  his  Majesty's  subjects  of  tiiis  Province  for  Lands  on  the  East  side  of  Hudson's  River; 
and  that  no  Seller  under  New  Hampshire  might  be  dispossessed  by  Grants  in  that  Quarter,  this  Gov- 
ernment tliouglit  fit  by  Order  so  early  as  tlie  22«'  of  May  1760,  to.  direct  that  the  Surveyor  General 
should  make  no  Return  on  any  Warrant  of  Survey  then,  or  which  might  thereafter  come  to  his 
Hands,of  any  Lands  possessed  under  the  Grant  of  New  Hampshire,  unless  tor  the  persons  in  actual 
Possession  thereof. 

Several  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees  availing  themselves  of  this  Order,  applied  for  and 
obtained  Grants  of  the  Farms  tliey  liad  sctled  and  improved,  while  others  confiding  in  the 
Validity  of  their  New  Hampshire  Titles,  rejected  the  Offer  with  Contempt,  as  appears  by  one  of  the 
Depositions  referred  to  us,  wherein  it  was  declared  that  Samuel  Robinson  in  the  Fall  of  the  Year 
1765,  made  application  in  Helialf  of  himself  and  the  other  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  for  a  confirm- 
atitm  of  that  Township,  but  this  part  of  the  said  Township  being  included  within  the  Patent  of 
Wallumsciiaok,  prior  in  Date  to  any  Grant  of  New  Hampshire  Westward  of  Connecticut  River, 
Liiiittiiaiit  Governor  Golden  told  Robinson  other  Lands  should  be  granted  as  a  Compensation  for 
what  tl\ey  might  loose  by  that  Patent,  which  he  declined;  and  tliat  tiie  Inhabitants  of  Bennington 


iS'B 


* 


I  For  this  letter  see  Slade's  Vermont  State  pa|H>r8,  j>.  23.  where  it  is  dated  5th  .Tune.    Ed. 


i 


480 


CONTRUVESSV   EESPECTINO   THE  NKW   HAMPSlilHK  QRAMT*. 


soon  after  came  to  a  resolution  to  prevent  any  survey  of  their  Township,  and  to  support  their 
Possessions  by  Force  even  against  any  Judgment  at  Imw. 

As  a  further  Manit'estation  of  the  favourable  Intentions  of  this  Government  towards  the  Grantees 
of  New  Hampshire,  an  Order  was  made  by  tlie  Governor  in  Council  t\w  6"*  June  1766,  reciting  that 
the  Board  liaving  under  Consideration  sundry  petitions  for  I.)Uids  lying  on  the  West  side  of  Con- 
necticut River,  which  were  formerly  granted  l>y  Letters  Patent  under  the  Seal  of  the  Province  of 
New  Hampshire,  but  which  were  tiien  actually,  and  tiid  by  his  Mi^jesly's  said  Ortler  of  the  20'" 
July  1764  appear  to  lie  within  tlie  Linuts  of  this  Province,  calling  upvui  all  Persons  holding  or 
claiming  Lands  under  such  Grants,  to  ai>pear  by  tliemsolvvs  or  their  Attoruies  and  produce  the 
same,  together  witii  all  Deeds  Conveyances  or  other  Instnunents  by  which  they  derived  any  Claim 
to  the  stud  Lands,  and  declaring  that  the  Claims  of  such  as  should  not  api>ear  and  support  the 
same  within  the  space  of  tliree  Months, should  be  rejected:  which  onler  was  notified  by  its  Insertion 
three  weeks  successively,  in  one  of  the  public  News  Papers  printed  in  this  Colony. 

The  Grunts  of  New  York  which  comprehend  any  jmrt  of  the  l.ands  of  Bennington,  are  the 
Wallumschack  Patent  dated  in  1739,  the  jMitent  of  Schneyder  dateil  t\•.■^  24«»  March  1762,  and 
the  patent  of  Michael  Schallata  a  reduced  StalT  OlUcer  dateil  the  'ii)^  May  1765,  all  prior  to  the 
application  made  in  behalf  of  the  Bennington  pntprietors.  The  last  of  these  is  subsequent  but  a 
few  Days  to  the  order  of  the  22'<  May  1765,  in  favor  of  tl>'.'  New  Hampshire  settlers,  but  the 
survey  of  that  Tract  must  have  been  prior  to  that  or«ier,  and  if  it  is  true  as  now  alletlgeil,  that 
there  were  several  settlers  within  tlie  Limits  of  that  Grant  at  the  Time  issued  we  doubt  not  tliis 
Fact  was  then  unknown  to  Government ;  For  whenever  such  settlements  were  discovered  it  has 
been  usual  to  reserve  the  Land  to  be  granted  to  the  Possessors,  who  in  many  Instances  refused  to 
permit  their  Farms  to  be  surveyed,  and  have  hitherto  declined  taking  their  Grants,  which  never- 
theless remain  to  be  issued  when  applied  for,  of  which  there  is  a  notorious  Instance  in  the  case 
of  Remember  Baker,  who  bus  nevertheless  distinguished  himself  us  a  Leailer  in  the  late  violent 
opposition  to  the  government  of  this  Colony. 

The  Earliest  Instruction  restraining  tlie  Governor  of  this  province  from  making  Grants  of  Lands 
patented  by  New  Hampshire,  bears  date  tlie  2i^  July  1767,  and  the  Grants  which  principally  affect 
the  Claimants  whose  Case  is  now  under  our  Consideration,  were  made  prior  to  the  date  of  that 
Instruction,  and  except  the  aUtvementioned  Patent  to  Schneyder,  and  the  Grunt  of  Prince  Town, 
which  is  dateil  the  21»'  of  May  1765  (antecedent  to  the  order  in  Favour  of  the  actual  occupants 
under  New  Hampshire)  are  almost  wholly  confineil  to  OlBcei-s  and  Soldiers  intituled  to  his  Majesty's 
Bounty,  by  virtue  of  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  the  7»'>  of  October  1763. 

To  prevent  the  people  of  New  Hampshire  fi-om  extending  their  St>ttlements  Westward  of  Con- 
necticut River,  a  Pmclamation  was  issued  the  28"»  of  July  1753,  when  few  if  any  had  seated 
themselves  there  under  that  Government.  In  1763  when  the  first  Information  was  received  of  the 
numerous  Grants  made  by  New  Hampshire  and  that  no  one  might  plead  Ignorance  of  the  Claim  of 
this  Province,  a  like  Cautionary  Proclamation  was  publisheil  on  the  28"'  of  December  that  year,  at 
whicii  Time  the  Nund)erof  Settlers  on  the  contested  Lands  was  incimsiderable. 

His  Majesty's  Order  being  declarative  of  the  ancient  B«>undiury  of  this  Province,  the  Courts  .of 
Justice  can  as  we  conceive  shew  little  Regard  to  the  recent  Claim  «>f  New  Humpshire  to  Jurisdiction 
Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  but  this  Point  as  well  as  the  legality  of  the  Grants  of  both  Gov- 
ernments must  be  left  to  the  Judgment  of  Law  ;  We  shall  only  observe,  that  the  Cliarters  of  tliat 
Province  appear  to  us  to  have  been  made  without  express  Authority  from  the  Crown,  after  due 
Notice  of  the  ancient  Limits  of  tliis  Colony,  and  without  waiting  for  the  Royal  Decission  as  had  been 
stipulated  between  the  two  Governments  :  On  the  other  hand  Thut  the  Grants  of  New  York  were 


OOMTIOVBltSY   UaPKTINO  TUB  MEW   HAiminaB  QBAim 


^^^ 


made  under  very  different  Circumstances,  for  the  Royal  Patents  of  the  Duke  of  York  left  no 
Doubt  as  to  the  Eastern  Limits  of  this  Colony,  and  many  of  the  Grants  of  New  York  wvre  made 
even  before  New  Hampshire  claimM  Jurisdiction  as  far  as  to  Connecticut  River,  and  (where  the 
Grants  of  the  two  Provinces  interfere)  our  Grants  rarely  extend  farther  Eastward  than  the  Ancient 
Patents  granted  by  this  Province. 

The  Townships  at  present  under  Consideration  are  confined  to  a  smul]  District  more  Immediutely 
connected  with  Hudson's  River.  The  Body  of  the  Inhabitants  lie  Eastward  of  these  Towns,  are 
obedient  to  the  Laws,  many  have  taken  and  the  rest  are  in  general  soliciting  Confirmations  under 
tills  Government ;  while  the  People  of  Bennington  and  that  vicinity,  are  Riotous  and  Disorderly, 
and  tho'  their  Number  is  at  present  considerable  We  humbly  conceive  it  would  be  both  Impolitiu 
and  unreasonable  to  apply  any  Remedy  to  them,  that  might  be  Injurious  to  others,  and  its  Conse- 
quences prove  a  source  of  perpetual  Contest  and  Confusion.  Indeed  We  are  at  a  Loss  to  conceive 
upon  what  grounds  the  people  of  Bennington  and  tliat  neighlrarhood  can  flatter  themselves  even 
by  their  application  to  the  Crown,  with  any  other  hope  tlian  of  obtaining  Confirmations  of  such 
Parcels  of  tlieir  New  Hampshire  Grants  as  are  not  comprehended  in  any  patents  under  this  Colony, 
the  rights  of  the  New  York  patentees  being  as  uncontrovortabl^  as  tite  claim  of  ttiis  province  to 
the  Jurisdiction  of  that  country,  and  the  Question  of  Property  determinable  only  in  the  King's 
Courts  of  Law. 

The  Committee  in  great  tenderness  to  a  deluded  people  who  are  in  danger  of  forfeiting  the  Favour 
of  the  Crown  by  resisting  the  authority  of  the  Laws,  and  with  a  prospect  of  restoring  Peace  in 
that  District  are  nevertheless  desirous  that  your  Excellency  should  afford  the  Inhabitants  of  these 
Townships  all  the  Relief  in  your  Power,  by  suspending  until  his  Majesty's  pleasure  shall  be  known, 
aU  prosecutions  on  Behalf  of  the  Crown,  on  account  of  the  Crimes  with  whicli  they  stand  charged 
by  the  Depositions  before  us,  and  to  recommend  to  the  Owners  of  the  contested  Lands  under 
Grants  of  this  Province,  to  put  a  stop  during  the  same  Period  to  all  Civil  Suits  concerning  the 
Lands  iu  Question,  and  to  agree  with  the  Setlers  for  tlie  purchase  thereof  on  moderate  Terms. 

And  the  Committee  are  liumbly  of  opinion  that  your  Excellency  do  adopt  Measures  so  extremely 
lenient  on  tlieir  submission  to  the  following  Conditions. 

That  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  the  adjacent  Towns  concerned  in  the  late  Disorders, 
conform  themselves  to  the  Laws  of  tliis  Government — That  the  Setlers  on  both  sides  shall  continue 
undisturbed — and  that  such  as  have  been  dispossess'd  or  forced  by  Threats  or  other  means  to  desert 
their  Farms,  do  in  future  enjoy  their  possessions  unmolested. 

And  on  Failure  of  tlie  Observation  of  these  Conditions  on  the  part  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said 
Towns,  that  your  Excellency  do  take  all  such  legal  and  effectual  Measures  as  shall  be  thought 
necessary  to  bring  the  authors  of  the  late  Violent  Disorders  in  that  part  of  this  province,  to 
speedy  Justice.         .^      ,^  ,  ^  ,  ,    .,  _,. 


j.i  ■■ 


v--> 


REPORT  OP  A  PUBLIC  MEETING  AT  BENNINGTON. 


At  a  public  meeting  held  at  the  Meeting  House  in  Bennington  on  Wendesday  15^''  July  A.  D.  1772. 

Present  of  the  Committee  appointed  to  answer  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esq'  Governor  of 

the  province  of  New  York  to  his  Letter  dated  New  York  19,  May  last,  &  directed  to  the  Inhabitants 

of  Bennington  &  the  adjacent  Country  on  the  East  side  of  Hudfiou's  River. 

-     Captain  John  Fassett   ) 

&  S  for  Bennington.      .-.^i 

Nathan  Clark  ) 

Vol.  IV.  81 


LHi  ,>»' 


•■^'■OJ 


m 


cdfMovEMY  AtMecTiKd  tbb  kkw  aAMmnkt  oBitrra. 


! 


Reuben  Harmon  for  Rupert.  *     '   .  r-  .  n,  r  -^ 

Daniel  Comstock  for  Sunderland. 

We  as  Messengers  laid  before  the  above  Committee  an  Extract  of  the  Minutes  of  His  Majesty's 
Council  of  the  aforesaid  Province  of  N.  York  the  2«>  Instant  together  with  liis  Excellency  Gov' 
Tryon's  Letter  of  the  same  date  directed  to  tlie  Inhabitants  of  Bennington,  &o  and  after  reading 
the  same  to  the  above  Cosmittee  &  a  numerous  Concourse  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  adjacent 
Country,  &  other  Spectators,  a  full  and  unanimous  vote  was  given  in  favor  of  tlie  papers  aforesaid, 
and  the  Thanks  of  the  People  returned  to  us  for  our  Diligence  in  procuring  tliose  Papers.  Peace 
was  also  recommended  in  the  Whole  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  by  all  who  were  present; 
when  the  whole  Artillery  of  Bennington  with  the  small  arms  were  several  Times  Discharged  in 
Honor  to  the  Gov*  &>  Couucill  of  N.  York  After  which  the  following  Healths  were  drank. 

Health  to  the  King. 

Health  to  Gov"  Tryon. 

Health  to  the  Council  of  N.  York. 

Universal  peace  k  Pelenty  Liberty  ft  Property,    Qy  sundry  respectable  Gentlemen  some  of 

Which  werefh>m  the  neighbouring  Provinces. 

Stephkn  Fay, 

Jonas  Fay. 
Th«  above  is  a  true  Copy 

Stepru  Fat. 


! : 


GOV  TRTON  TO  THE  INHABITANTS  OP  BENNINGTON.  '     ' 

*»  '      • 

Albany  August  11«*  1772. 
Gentlemen,  At  the  same  time  I  express  to  you  my  satisfaction,  by  the  opportunity  of  Mr. 
Payy  on  the  grateful  manner  in  which  you  received  and  accepted  the  lenient  measures  prescribed 
by  this  government,  for  your  peaceable  conduct,  until  his  M^^esty'8  pleasure  should  be  known, 
respecting  the  disputed  claim  to  lands  within  tliis  government,  I  cannot  conceal  from  you  ray  l)igh 
displeasure  at  tlie  breach  of  faith  and  honor,  made  by  a  body  of  your  people,  in  dispossessing  several 
settlers  on  Otter  Creek,  and  its  neighbourhood,  of  their  possessions,  during  the  very  time  the  Commis- 
sioners you  appointed  to  attend  me  at  JVew  York  were  waiting  the  determination  of  government 
on  your  petition,  that  yon  might  remain  unmolested  in  your  possessions,  nutil  the  King's  pleasure 
be  obtained.  Such  disingenuous  and  dishonorable  proceedings,  I  view  with  great  concern,  consider- 
ing them  as  daring  insults  to  government,  a  violation  of  public  faith,  and  the  conditions  granted  to 
you  on  petition.  To  prevent,  tlierefore,  the  fatal  consequence  that  must  follow  so  manifest  a 
breach  of  public  confidence,  I  am  to  require  your  assistance,  in  putting,  fortliwith,  those  families, 
who  have  been  thus  dispossessed,  into  re-possession  of  tlieir  lands  and  tenements,  in  the  same  manner, 
in  which  they  were,  at  the  time  Mr.  Fay  and  his  son,  waited  on  me  at  JVew  York.  Such  a  conduct 
on  your  part,  will  not  fail  of  recommending  your  situation  to  bis  Majesty,  and  insure  a  continuance 
of  my  friendly  intentions  towards  yon. 

Wm  Trton. 
To  the  hhabitanti  of  Bennington,  and  the  adjacent  Country. 


L:.. 


asw  ■iiMWiMi  Muaii. 


m 


ORDERS  ON  CERTAIN  LETTERS  RECEIVED  BT  THE  COUNCIL  OF  NEW  TOBK. 

In  Council  September  8"<,  1772. 

His  Excellency  communicated  tiiree  Letters  he  had  received  ttom  John  Munro,  Esquire,  one  of 
his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  fur  the  County  of  Albany  dated  the  IQU*  17">  and  21**  August 
last,  also  a  Letter  of  the  20»<  of  the  same  Month  from  Ebenezer  Cole  and  Bliss  Willoughby,  respect- 
ing the  Conduct  and  Behaviour  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington,  and  the  other  adjacent  Towna, 
since  the  Hearing  before  his  Excellency  in  Council,  and  the  opinion  of  this  Board  on  the  Petition 
of  the  said  Inhabitants  on  the  first  day  of  July  last :  Which  letters  were  Read,  and  uith  the 
papers  referred  to  therein.  Ordered  to  be  filed. 

His  Excellency  also  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  of  the  25*i>  August  last,  which  he  had 
Received  from  tlie  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  the  Towns  in  its  Neighbourhood,  offering  Reasons 
in  Justification  of  their  late  Conduct,  in  dispossessing  of  their  Habitations,  several  persons  setled  on 
Otter  Creek,  during  the  Time  the  Agents  from  the  said  Townships  were  attending  his  Excellency 
and  waiting  the  Determinations  of  Government  on  their  petition.  ■  The  said  Letter  being  Read 
was  Ordered  to  lie  for  furtlier  Consideration  ;  and  it  appearing  that  tlie  persons  so  dispossessed  were 
seated  on  Lands  belonging  to  Colonel  Reid,  it  is  Ordered  that  an  Extract  of  so  much  of  the  said 
Letters  as  relates  to  that  Subject,  be  delivered  to  him  for  his  Information. 


III 


In  Council  29th  Sepf  1772. 
His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  a  Letter  from  Oloncester  County  of  the  22'  August  last, 
giving  Information  of  the  Concertion  of  Measures  botli  in  the  Massachusets  Bay  and  New  Hamp- 
shire for  exciting  petitions  to  his  Majesty  for  extending  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire  to 
the  Westward  of  Connecticut  River,  for  confirming  the  Grants  of  that  Colony  within  this  Government, 
and  for  vacating  the  Patents  under  the  Great  Seal  of  this  Province  in  the  District  adjudged  to  belong 
to  it  by  the  Royal  Decision  of  July  1764:  And  his  Excellency  requiring  the  Opinion  of  the  Council 
as  to  that  Intelligence,  and  on  the  Letter  communicated  to  and  Read  at  this  Board  on  the  8U>  Instant 
from  the  Inhabitants  of  Bennington  and  its  Vicinity,  Justifying  their  late  Conduct  in  dispossessing 
sundry  persons  setled  near  Otter  Cree'.  on  Lands  granted  and  held  under  this  Province — The 
Council  observed  that  these  riotous  and  ua  rderly  people  at  first  confined  their  Claims  to  tlie  Lands 
they  then  possessed  by  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire  and  were  but  few  in  Number,  at  tlie  Time  his 
Majesty's  Order  was  published  declaring  the  Western  Banks  of  Connecticut  River  as  the  Limits 
between  his  two  provinces.  That  their  present  Claims  include  not  only  all  tliose  who  have  since 
seated  themselves  in  that  part  of  the  Country,  but  that  their  Conduct  plainly  Evinces  their  Inten- 
tion to  suffer  no  person  quietly  to  ei^oy  by  Titles  from  this  province  any  Lauds  comprised  within  the 
Grants  of  New  Hampshire,  Westward  of  the  Green  Mountains,  altho'  only  a  very  small  part  of  that 
extensive  Territory  is  even  pretended  to  be  occupied  by  the  Claimants  under  New  Hampsliire — That 
his  Excellency  in  pursuauoe  of  the  Report  of  the  Committee  of  this  Board  of  the  l**  of  July  last,  has 
already  offered  them  Terms  much  more  favourable,  than  considering  the  Rashness  and  Violence 
of  their  past  Conduct,  they  could  have  had  any  Reason  to  expect  (to  wit)  to  suspend  until  his 

1  For  thlt  letter  «M  SUde,  80. 


i 


I 

I 

lii 


If 


:      ■ 


i 


t!    I 


«   \ 


I 

1  :l 

2         i-  : 

484 


OOHTAOVBMV   BUPECTIMCi   TUB  NSW   HAMPiaiBB  OBAMTI. 


Majesty's  pleasure  shall  be  known,  all  prosecutions  in  behalf  of  the  Crown,  on  account  of  the  Crime i 
with  wlilch  stand  charged  ;  and  to  recommend  it  to  the  Ownerj  of  the  contested  Lands  under  Grants 
of  tliis  province,  to  put  a  Stop  during  tite  same  period,  to  all  civil  Suits  concerning  the  Lands  in 
Question  and  to  agree  with  the  Setlers  fur  tlie  purchase  tiiereof  on  moderate  Terms ;  Exacting  no 
otlier  Condition  on  their  part,  llian  their  Aiture  peaceable  and  quiet  behaviour — Tliat  instead  of 
embracing  so  favourable  an  offer  witlt  Gratitude,  tliey  have  again  perpetrated  fresh  acts  of  violence, 
and  rendered  themselves  still  more  obnoxious  and  inexcusable.  Tliat  there  is  too  mucli  Reason  to 
appreliend  that  so  i)ernici()us  an  Example  if  not  speedily  clieckVl  and  punished,  must  be  attended 
with  tlie  worst  Consequences,  l)y  bringing  the  Authority  of  Government  into  Contempt  and 
obstructing  the  Course  of  Justice.  And  that  the  Board  consider  the  Letter  ftom  Bennington  as 
highly  insolent,  and  deserving  of  Sharp  Reprehension,  and  (lie  Insinuation  tlint  tlie  Settlements  were 
to  proceed  under  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  and  to  be  stayed  under  those  of  New  York  as 
utterly  without  any  Foundation.  The  Council  farther  observed  to  his  Exellency  that  every  meer 
act  of  executory  Government  to  restrain  the  Patentees  of  this  Colony  from  improving  their  Estates 
would  be  unaut'ioratative,  and  flatly  repugnant  to  the  Law,  as  well  as  against  the  Conditions  and 
Terms  expresseil  in  their  patents,  and  directed  by  the  Royal  Instructions.  And  that  the  Board 
therefore  foresee  that  the  Endeavours  of  the  New  Hanipsliire  Grantees  to  increase  the  Number 
of  their  Possessions  upon  the  controverted  Lands,  must  speedily  create  Confusion  and  Bloodshed. 
That  it  is  beyond  the  power  of  the  Civil  Magistrate  to  put  a  Stop  to  this  Growing  evil,  which  in  the 
opinion  of  the  Board  cannot  be  effectually  suppressed  without  the  aid  of  the  Regular  Troops.  That 
every  material  Information  touching  this  Contest,  has  been  transmitted  and  now  lies  for  Ids  Majesty's 
Consideration.  And  that  as  the  Circumstances  of  tlie  Colony  absolutely  require  it.  The  Board  are 
unanimously  of  opinion  tliat  his  Excellency  do  urge  his  Majesty's  Ministers  the  necessity  of  a  speedy 
signification  of  his  Majesty's  pleasure  on  tills  subject ;  and  at  the  same  Time  intimate  that  from  the 
Number  and  Extent  of  the  Grants  under  this  province  to  reduced  Officers  and  Soldiers  and  others, 
as  well  as  the  Confirmations  that  have  been  made  to  those  who  had  Grants  under  New  Hampshire 
and  others  associated  with  them  in  the  Counties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  and  Charlotte, 
and  the  numerous  settlements  that  have  been  made  under  those  patents  and  under  Ancient  Grants 
in  the  County  of  Albany,  the  Revocation  of  the  Royal  Decision  of  1764,  and  the  subjecting  of  tlie 
Country  Westward  of  Connecticut  River  to  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  Hampshire,  appears  to  this  Board 
to  be  a  Measure  unfriendly  to  the  Rights  of  the  Crown,  dangerous  to  the  Patentees  holding  under  the 
Great  Seal  of  this  Colony,  introductive  of  endless  Contentions  among  the  Inhabitants,  and  Subver- 
sive of  the  Growth  and  Cultivation  of  a  very  valuable  Country,  which  but  for  the  Disturbances  in 
Bennington  and  the  Neighborhood  of  that  Town,  is  now  in  a  peaceful  and  flourishing  Condition. 


GOV.  TRYON  TO  LORD  HILLSBORO*.      .- 

[Lond.  Doe:  Vol.  XLIII.] 

"  •  New  York  7  Octob.  1772. 

My  Lord.    The  middle  of  last  month  I  received  an  answer  from  the  Inliabitants  of  Bennington  k 

adjacent  Townships,  to  my  letter  sent  tliem  from  Albany,  requiring  them  to  put  Coll  Reid's  Tenants 

in  possession  of  the  Tenements  and  Farms  they  had  turned  them  out  of.    This  letter  with  one  from 

M'  KeUy  a  Gentleman  of  the  Law,  I  kid  before  the  Council  Board,  and  desired  they  would  Report 


*!!¥**■**■*■ 


OOMTBOVBMY  KUPBCTtMO  TUB  «BW  lUHVnilBB  «BAim.  4N 

thereon ;  being  willing  that  His  M^]*)'  might  bo  informed  of  the  opinion  of  that  Board,  ■■  well  m  my 
own  suggestioutf,  of  the  present  state  of  the  dittractiuns  In  Cliariutte  County.  As  Lieut.  Coll :  Held 
was  charged  with  very  harsh  proceedings  in  tlie  Bennington  letter,  I  ordered  he  should  be  served 
with  an  extract  of  so  much  of  the  letter  ua  related  to  him.  In  conHfqucuoe  of  which,  he  delivered 
in  Council,  on  Monday  lost,  his  memorial  with  his  allldavlt,  and  that  of  ArchilHtld  Clurk  in 
confutation  of  such  Injurious  charges,  and  in  JustitlcHtion  of  liis  procedure.  Coll.  Ueid's  honorable 
conduct  in  His  Muj'r*  service  and  his  delicate  piiiK iples  of  honor,  would  have  secured  him  fium 
the  malice  of  these  aspersions,  among  the  unprejudiced,  tho  lie  liad  treated  these  calumnies  witii 
silent  contempt.  By  the  transmission  of  these  letters,  Memorial,  ulliduvits  and  Report  of  the  Council, 
your  Lordp  will  be  evinced  of  the  real  expediency  of  un  Innnediute  U«iyal  decision  to  the  contro- 
versy. As  your  Lordp  must  be  sensible,  that  the  line  of  Jurisdiction  cannot  be  exerted  or  have  its 
eflect  until  the  line  of  property  is  drawn.  I  must  beg  leave  to  solicit  His  MuJ*y  tliat  I  may  have 
permission,  as  soon  as  possible,  to  admit  us  many  of  the  Townslilps  of  New  Hampshire  to  take  con- 
firmations under  tills  Govern',  on  half  fees,  or  such  otlier  Terms,  as  His  MuJ'y  shall  prescribe,  as 
voluntarily  offer  to  take  out  patents  under  tills  Govern*  under  the  usual  restrictions  and  limitations. 
This  measure  Is  founded  on  the  soundest  policy,  us  every  such  confirmation  Is  securing  the  inhab- 
itants of  that  Township  in  the  Interest  of,  and  obedience  to  this  Govern*.  The  new  Hampshire 
proprietors  who  have  offered  to  confirm  their  titles  under  tlie  seal  of  this  Prov"  on  half  fees,  and 
have  been  restricted  by  His  Majesty's  late  order  forbidding  me  to  proceed  In  giving  them  titles,  are 
very  Importunate,  and  begin  to  be  so  much  sowcred  and  disgusted,  tliat  there  Is  much  reason  to 
apprehend  as  they  find  the  Bennington  people  and  the  adjacent  Country  dally  Increase  in  strength 
and  uninterrupted  by  Govern',  they  will  soon  reject  any  offers  from  this  Country,  and  combine  in 
opposition  to  the  Jurisdiction  of  this  Province ;  besides,  the  partition  line  between  this  Govern* 
and  Massachusetts  Bay  being  still  unsettled ;  by  the  aid  of  those  Borderers,  the  opposition  may 
reasonably  be  expected  to  he  very  formidable ;  too  much  so,  for  militia  forces  to  encounter. 

These  observations,  My  Lord,  taking  under  consideration  with  my  former  correspondence  on  the 
subject,  will  I  am  confident  have  that  weight  with  His  Mi\)'>''*  Ministers,  as  is  proportioned  to  their 
Importance,  and  I  trust,  my  Royal  Master  will  believe,  they  flow  from  a  zealous  and  earnest  desire 
to  promote  his  service,  and  tlie  peace  and  welfare  of  this  Colony. 
I  am  with  all  possible  respect  &  esteem.  My  Lord. 

Your  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant 

Wm  Thyon. 


''•:'■      I 


il 


ORDER  OF  COUNCIL  ON  PETITION  OF  BENJN  STEVENS. 

In  Council,  October  21»»  1772. 

His  Excellency  laid  before  the  Board  the  petition  of  Complaint  of  Benjamin  Stevens  Deputy 
Surveyor  of  Lands,  and  John  Brandon  and  John  Dunbar,  setting,  that  the  Complainants  being  on 
their  lawful  Business  was  on  the  29>>i  of  September  last  met  with  by  Remember  Baker,  Ara  Allen, 
and  five  other  persons  at  Onion  River,  and  were  without  any  provocation  stript  by  them  of  their 
property  and  Effects,  Insulted  and  threatned,  and  the  petitioner  John  Dunbar  thrown  into  the  Fire, 
Bound  and  Burned  and  otherwise  beat  and  abused  in  a  Cruel  manner,  as  more  fully  appears  by  the 
aflidavits  thereunto  annexed ;  and  praying  Relief. 

On  reading  of  which  petition  and  Depositions,  and  his  Excellency  requiring  the  opinion  of  the 


-I 
I 


MS 


oovraovKMV  MMPicritia  tub  new  lUMMuiaB  obajiti. 


Cottooil  thfiTon— Th«  Council  humbly  advlMd  It  be  rcoommended  to  M'  Chief  Juttloe  UonoMDdeii 
to  i«sue  hit  Warrant  tu  appraltcud  the  lald  Baker  and  Allen  fur  the  offence  with  whioli  they  itand 
eluirged  in  tlie  tuid  De^Mtltluni,  aiid  tliat  hli  Kxcellency  do  |)ronilso  a  Reward  of  one  hundred  |>uundi 
for  apprehending  eacli  of  tlie  Mid  oflcnderi  to  be  paid  to  tlio  pemou  or  periont  by  whom  they 
■liall  be  apprehended  and  brought  befure  the  Chief  Justice — And  M'  Chief  Juitioe  Horimanden  waa 
desired  to  iMue  his  Warrant  acccoitiingly. 


MR.  IIAWLEY  TO  COL  SKENE 

Manchester  Oct' 2  !••  1779. 

Sir    The  different  Inhabitants  from  the  Townships  under  New  Hampshire,  had  a  meeting  here 

by  tlieir  Deputies,  and  have  come  to  a  Resolution  of  sending  me  as  their  Agent  to  solicit  matters 

relative  to  their  old  Grants  &c.    By  the  general  sense  and  Wishes  of  the  people.    I  find  them 

Desirous  that  tlie  County  Courts  should  be  held  at  Skenesborough,  it  being  beyond  dispute  the  best 

situation  for  trade  &o  some  designing  People  of  Bennington  that  attempt  to  lead,  have  over  awed 

many  tliat  would  be  glad  to  present  a  petition,     but  ns  this  method  of  a  letter  may  have  the  same 

Weight  with  his  Excellency  Govemour  Tryon;  I  therefore  as  tlielr  Agent  sign  this. 

Jbhiel  Hawlby. 
To  Col  Philip  Skene. 

For  hif  Excellency  Oovernour  Tryon. 


f  ' 


m 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

May  it  Please  your  Excellency 

It  is  with  the  greatest  reluctance  that  I  would  offer  to  trouble  your  Excellency  with  any  more 
complaints  but  when  the  Public  Interest  uud  the  welH'areof  this  Government  is  so  much  conserned,  I 
think  it  my  indispensible  duty  to  report  the  same  to  your  Excellency. 

My  chief  business  for  these  Ten  days  by  past  was  nothing  but  taking  Examinations  of  Felons  and 
their  associates  of  which  this  coimtry  abounds. 

I  have  now  in  my  Custody  the  Stamps  Moulds  Mills  and  several  other  Materials  for  coining  of  Dollars 
(dated  1760)  one  crown  piece  dated  1752,  one  dollar  dated  1766,  and  one  dated  1768  which  are 
all  counterfeits  &  found  in  the  custody  of  John  Searles  of  Arlington  and  Comfort  Carpenter  of 
Sliafnbury  whicli  with  their  own  confession  upon  Oath,  was  sufhcieiit  Evidence  to  me  and  after 
discovering  from  them  all  tliat  I  could  upon  Outh  I  wrote  their  Mittimus  and  sent  them  off  to 
Goal  in  tlie  charge  of  two  constables  and  desired  as  many  to  their  assistance  as  tliey  thought  neces- 
sary— the  same  night  they  suffered  Carpenter  to  make  his  Escape,  then  one  of  tlie  said  Constables 
pursued  after  Carpenter  and  tlie  other  went  to  Goal  with  Searles,  but  stoped  upon  the  Road  ten 
days  and  at  last  let  Searles  go  about  his  Business. 

What  can  a  Justice  do  wlien  tlie  whole  Country  conibinds  against  him — The  very  night  that  I 
sent  these  two  to  Goal  some  of  their  associates  Brock  and  Destroyed  one  of  my  Pot  ash  works,  wliicli 
cost  me  upward  of  fifty  Pound  my  property  is  destroyed  night  and  day  &  durst  not  say  111  done — 


OOMTMTtUV  nmKTlll*  Tm  RtW  RAMytHIM  tBAim. 


Wf 


by  tT)«  eonflmloii  of  theie  Felnni  (there  ii  a  line  of  monej  meken)  flrom  New  Jenej  to  a  pfaMt 
calletl  tlie  Cuwua  buck  of  New  HHrnpfliire  I  have  got  the  nainea  of  17  more.  I  hnYe  lent  after  them, 
but  I  know  that  the  Coni(ahlf>«  will  not  Im  ralthftill  for  they  are  Iti  my  opplnion  lets  or  more 
conserned— M'  Juitlce  Moriaon  has  declhietl  Serving  and  I  hope  your  Excelleney  will  be  pleaaed  to 
Excuse  ray  acting  any  longer  for  I  got  myself  ruined  by  the  conduct  of  My  Good  Neighbour  thii 
being  all  at  Present 

I  am  with  the  greatest  Submition  Tour  Excellency 

most  obedient  and  very  falthfUl  Servant  to  command 

Jouii  Mcrao. 
FowUa  in  the  County  of  Albany  Nov'  84*k  1772. 
(Endorsed)    1772  Dec'  10.    Read  in  Council. 


ORDER  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  COUNCIL 

ON   aECEIVma  lirrXLLIOtMCE  that  the  people  or  BEMMIMOTON  were  aENDINO  AOEMTa  TO  EMOLAKO. 

In  Council,  November  25«*»  1772. 

His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  the  Intelligence  he  had  Received  from  Major  Philip 
Skene  informing  him  tliat  the  Deputies  of  Bennington  and  the  adjacent  Towns,  at  a  meetinf^  at 
Manchester  on  the  21  •*  of  October,  appointed  Jehlel  Hawley  and  James  Brakenridge  tlieir  Agents, 
who  are  immediately  to  repair  to  London  to  solicit  their  Petition  to  his  Majesty  for  a  Confirmation 
of  their  Claims  under  the  Grants  of  New  Hampshire  to  Lands  within  this  province.  That 
Brakenridge  is  instructed  by  the  Bennington  people  to  pray  for  on  Alteration  in  the  Jurisdiction  ; 
but  that  the  party  by  whom  Hawley  was  chosen  are  satisfied  the  Jurisdiction  should  remain  as  dz'4 
by  his  Majesty's  Order  of  the  20«i'  July  1764. 

And  Ills  Excellency  requiring  the  Opinion  of  the  Board  whether  it  might  be  proper  to  add  any 
Thing  to  the  Representations  already  made  on  tlie  part  of  this  province — Tlie  Council  declared  that 
every  material  Information  relative  to  tliis  Controversy  hatli  been  transmitted  to  his  Majesty's 
Ministers — That  the  Board  is  unacquainted  with  tlie  Character  of  M'  Hawley,  tlio'  well  apprised  of 
tliat  of  his  Cullegue,  who  is  seated  on  Lands  whicli  if  ever  granted  by  New  Hampshire,  were  long 
before  patented  in  the  province  of  New  York.  Tliat  unable  to  maintain  liis  possession  by  Law,  he 
had  resorted  to  Force,  exciting  in  otliers  tlie  like  dangerous  Spirit,  and  in  all  the  Riots  and  Violences 
of  the  Inhabitants  of  these  Towns,  had  distinguished  himself  as  a  principal  aider  and  abetter, 
which  induced  this  Government  but  without  any  Effect,  to  Issue  a  proclamation  for  apprehending 
and  bringing  liim  to  Justice. 

Tliat  these  people  had  shewn  themselves  highly  unworthy  of  that  Lenity  discoverable  in  th* 
Terms  so  lately  offered  them  by  his  Excellency,  and  whicli  are  mentioned  In  the  Report  of  the 
Committee  of  the  1'*  of  July  last;  for  tliat  instead  of  manifesting  tlieir  Gratitude  on  this  occasion,  by 
a  peaceable  Deportment  and  patiently  waiting  the  Event  of  their  Applications  to  the  Throne,  they 
had  since  committed  Force  on  the  Lands  of  Colonel  Reid,  assaulted  and  Robb'd  a  Survey'r  employed 
where  tliey  laid  no  Claim,  and  Cruelly  burn'd  and  otherways  abused  one  of  his  attendants:  That 
while  they  permit  no  New  Settlement  to  be  made  by  the  New  York  Grantees,  they  are  at  this  Time 
establishing  themselves  on  Onion  River,  upwards  of  eighty  Miles  from  the  Center  of  their  own 
Settlements,  thus  artfully  endeavouring  to  support  a  Claim  to  the  intermediate  Territory,  under  th« 


till  i 


^PP  C»ir»OVRMY   KMPICTIMC   TUB  VIW  BAMMHIU  flBAim. 

Weak  pretence  of  Hutts  hastily  Built  on  small  Spotts  of  Ground  which  they  Term  possession 
Houses— That  they  bid  Defiance  to  the  Laws  and  the  power  of  the  Civil  Magistrates,  whicli  are 
unable  to  restrain  them— And  that  a  Speedy  Signification  of  his  Majesty's  pleasure  on  tliis  important 
subject  is  become  highly  expedient,  as  the  only  Measure  which  can  either  prevent  Bloodshed  or 
restore  the  Tranquility  of  that  part  of  the  province. 


•H,-l    I     ;,'.    i-^. 


>^j";-( 


•>;■:  \n'.-!i  }•;;;' 


REPRESENTATION  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRADE  "•-      '^wi 

.    '  ;  1  ■ .      - 

TO    THU   LORDS    OF    THE    PRIVY    COUNCIL    WITH    A    PLAN    FOR    THE    SETTLEMENT  OF    THE   DIFFICULTIES 

REiiPECTING   THE    NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


'  [Lond.  Doo:  XLIH.] 

To  the  Right  Hon>>i«  the  Lords  of  the  Committee  of  His  Majestys  most  Honourable 
Privy  Council  for  Plantation  affairs. 

My  Lords  Pursuant  to  your  Lordships  orders  of  the  17  day  of  June  last  we  have  taken  into  our 
consideration  such  parts  of  the  papers  thereunto  annexed  as  relate  to  disorders  which  have  pre- 
vailed within  the  district  between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut  in  consequence  of  a  variety 
of  Questions  &  disputes  wliich  have  arisen  with  respect  to  tittles  to  Lands  and  Possessions  within  the 
said  District  on  tlie  Ground  of  difierent  Grants  made  by  the  Governors  of  His  MaJ'^*  Provinces 
of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  whereupon  we  beg  leave  to  report  to  your  Lordships. 

That  the  district  between  tlie  said  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut  within  which  these  disorders 
and  disputes  have  arisen  lyes  to  the  North  of  the  Northern  Limits  of  the  Massachusets  Bay  estab- 
lished in  1740  and  is  described  to  be  of  great  fertility  of  very  considerable  extent  and  abounding 
in  parts  with  very  valuable  Timber  fit  for  masts  and  other  Naval  uses. 

In  early  times  the  Government  of  the  Massachusets  Bay  under  its  ancient  Charter  which  was 
vacated  in  1684  assumed  a  Jurisdiction  and  granted  Lands  within  that  part  of  this  district  which 
lies  to  the  East  of  a  line  drawn  at  twenty  miles  distance  from  Hudsons  River  and  there  are  now 
some  Townships  remaining  wliich  are  derived  under  patents  from  that  Colony  and  altlio  tlie 
Province  of  New -York  set  up  pretensions  to  tliis  district  under  the  General  descriptive  Words  of  King 
Charles  the  2(>  Patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  in  1664  and  the  Governor  of  that  Colony  did  in  the  late 
times  make  some  Grants  of  Land  within  the  same  yet  it  does  not  appear  that  any  attempts  were  made 
to  disturb  the  Possessions  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  ancient  Towns  settled  under  the  Grants  from 
the  Province  of  Massachusets  Bay  nor  were  any  establishments  made  competent  to  the  exercise  of 
any  regular  Jurisdiction  therein  But  when  by  the  determination  of  the  boundary  line  between 
Massachusets  Bay  and  New  Hampshire  in  1740  it  was  declared  that  the  latter  of  those  Provinces 
should  extend  West  from  Merrimacks  River  till  it  met  with  His  Majesty's  other  Governments  and 
when  in  consequence  thereof  the  said  Province  claimed  to  extend  to  within  20  miles  of  Hudsons 
River  the  Government  of  New  York  insisted  upon  their  Claim  with  greater  earnestness  and  the 
two  Provinces  became  involved  in  a  Controversy  which  after  much  heat  and  altercation  on  both 
■ides  ended  in  1750  in  an  agreement  to  refer  the  point  in  question  to  the  Crown  and  each  party 
made  a  Represeniation  of  the  state  of  their  case ;  But  after  several  hearings  at  the  ditferent  tlie 
Agents  on  both  sides  desired  further  time  to  consult  their  Constituents  and  the  War  breaking  out 
in  America  soon  after  the  business  was  allowed  to  lye  over  till  the  restoration  of  Publick  Peace 


C»KTBOVEMy   RWraCTINa   THS   NEW  HAMMHIBE  «a^T«. 


499 


when  the  dispute  being  revived  with  much  heat  and  animosity  it  [appeared]  that  the  Governonv 
of  New  Hampshire  had  taken  tlie  opportunity  pendente  lite  to  grant  away  a  very  considerable 
number  of  Townships  of  six  miles  square  each  in  this  County  to  tlie  Westward  of  Connecticut 
River  (This  proceeding  accompanied  as  it  was  with  other  disreputable  Circumstances  wus  fully 
stated  in  a  Representation  made  to  His  Majesty  by  this  Board  in  1764  wherein  it  was  recommended 
tliat  His  Majesty  by  his  Royal  Adjudication  and  authority  sliould  put  a  period  to  these  animosities 
and  disputes  by  declaring  what  should  be  the  Boundary  between  tlie  Provinces  of  New  York  and 
Nev.'  Hampshire  and  in  consequence  thereof  His  Majesty  was  pleased  by  his  Royal  order  bearing 
date  tlie  20  day  of  July  1764  with  the  advice  of  this  Privy  Council  to  declare  that  the  Western 
Branch  of  the  River  Connecticut  from  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  the  Massacliusets  Buy  as  liir 
north  as  to  the  45"*  degree  of  Latitude  should  be  the  Boundary  between  the  said  two  Provinces 
Immediately  after  this  decision  which  was  accompanied  with  the  usual  Reservation  in  Respect  to 
private  property  M'  Colden  upon  whom  tlie  administration  of  the  Government  of  New  York  had 
devolved,  granted  warrants  of  Survey  and  issued  Patents  for  lands  within  the  limits  of  several 
of  the  Townships  granted  by  the  Governors  of  New  Hampshire  and  several  of  those  Surveys  and 
Patents  extending  over  Land  under  actual  Improvement  and  settlement  the  Parties  who  conceived 
themselves  injured  by  such  proceedings  not  being  able  as  they  alleged  to  obtain  Redress  in  New 
York  brought  their  complaint  before  His  Majesty  in  Council.) 

Upon  a  full  hearing  of  those  Complaints  His  Majesty  was  pleased  by  his  order  in  Council  of 
the  24  of  July  1767  to  declare  that  no  part  of  Lands  lying  on  the  Western  side  of  the  River  Con- 
necticut, witliin  that  district  before  claimed  by  New  Hampshire  should  be  granted  until  His  Majesty's 
further  pleasure  was  known  and  an  Instruction  was  accordingly  given  to  the  Governor  of  New  York 
directing  him  upon  pain  of  His  Majestys  highest  displeasure  not  to  presume  to  make  any  Grant 
whatever  or  to  pass  Warrants  for  the  Survey  of  any  part  of  the  said  Lands  until  His  Majesty's 
pleasure  should  be  signified  concerning  the  same  which  Instruction  has  been  ever  since  continued 
in  force  and  now  forms  the  49"*  article  of  the  Code  of  General  Instructions  given  to  M""  Tryon  His 
Majesty's  present  Governor  of  New  York. 

The  power  of  granting  Lands  within  this  district  being  thus  suspended  a  Petition  was  presented 
by  several  reduced  Officers  and  Soldiers  who  had  served  in  America  during  the  late  war  and 
being  intitled  to  lands  under  His  Majestys  Royal  Proclamation  of  Oct'  1763  had  previous  to  the 
above  mentioned  Order  obtained  Warrants  of  Survey  for  Lands  within  this  district  praying  that 
the  Governor  of  New  York  might  be  empowered  to  grant  lands  to  such  of  them  at  whose  expence 
they  had  been  located  and  surveyed  and  confirm  to  others  the  Grants  which  had  already  been 
made  and  this  Petition  having  been  referred  to  this  Board  by  your  Lordships  Order  of  the  5  July 
1770  they  in  their  Report  thereupon  of  the  6  of  June  1771  entered  fully  and  circumstantially  into 
the  consideration  of  the  Question  both  as  it  respected  tlie  case  of  the  Petitioners  in  particular  as  well 
as  every  other  Species  of  Claimants  under  whatsoever  title  or  pretention  submitting  under  each  head 
such  opinion  and  advice  as  to  them  seemed  best  adapted  for  terminating  all  difficulties  and  disputes 
and  putting  that  valuable  district  into  such  a  state  of  cultivation  and  repose  as  would  make  it  happy 
in  itself  and  beneficial  to  the  Mother  Country. 

The  propositions  contained  in  that  report  being  of  great  extent  and  importance  necessarily  requires 
a  very  serious  Consideration  and  while  this  matter  was  under  deliberation  the  papers  annexed  to  your 
Lordships  orders  of  reference  and  upon  which  we  are  now  directed  to  report  our  opinions  were 
received. 

Upon  examination  of  these  papers  they  appear  to  us  to  contain  two  objects  of  consideration  viz'. 

l*t  The  propriety  or  impropriety  of  reannexing  to  New  Hampshire  the  Lands  West  of  Connecticut 
Vol.  IV.  62 


hill' 


PI  i1 
ill 


i 


':1 


'■If' 

,;  ij 


490 


OOKTKOVERBY   RUPBCTIHO  THB  MEW   HAHMBIRS  GRANTS. 


if 


m-. 


m 


River  which  the  Gov  and  Council  of  that  Province  represent  to  l)e  a  measure  of  essential  importance 
to  its  interests  and  of  great  Publick  advantage. 

2ndiy  xiie  conduct  of  his  Majestys  Governor  of  New  Yorlc  in  having  in  contradiction  to  the  letter 
of  the  49""  article  of  liis  Instructions  taken  upon  him  to  pass  Patents  of  Confirmation  of  several 
of  the  Townships  heretofore  granted  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  witliin  that  district 
and  having  &i»c  made  other  Grants  of  Lands  witliin  the  same. 

With  regard  to  the  first  of  these  Considerations  it  dues  appear  to  us  that  the  Representation 
made  by  His  Majestys  Grovernor  and  Council  of  New  Hampshire  contains  a  variety  of  matter  well 
deserving  your  Lordships  attention  and  we  think  tliat  there  is  too  good  reason  to  believe  that 
many  of  tlie  Proprietors  of  Lands  in  tlie  Townships  granted  by  the  GoV  of  New  Hampshire  who 
have  bona  fide  made  actual  settlement  and  improvement  thereon  have  sustained  great  injury 
and  suffered  great  oppression  by  tlie  irregular  conduct  of  the  Gov  and  Council  of  New  York  in 
granting  Warrants  of  Survey  for  Lands  under  such  actual  Settlement  and  Improvement  yet  such  a 
reprehensible  conduct  on  the  part  of  the  Kings  Servants  in  New  York  ought  not  in  our  Judgment  to 
weigh  the  scale  of  consideration  against  those  principles  of  true  policy  and  sound  Wisdom  which 
appear  to  have  dictated  tlie  proposition  of  making  tlie  River  Connecticut  the  boundary  line 
between  the  two  Colonies  and  therefore  we  cannot  advise  your  Lordships  to  recommend  to  liis 
Majesty  to  make  any  alteration  in  that  measure. 

With  regard  to  the  conduct  of  his  Majest)  s  Governor  of  New  York  in  having  departed  from  the 
letter  of  his  Instruction  matter  which  must  be  submitted  to  your  Lordships  consideration  upon  the 
grounds  and  reasons  asigned  by  that  Gentleman  in  his  letter  of  the  2''  of  February  last  But  we  think 
it  necessary  [to  say]  to  your  Lordships  that  it  is  a  step  of  such  a  nature  as  to  have  rendered 
nugatory  and  impracticable  almost  every  proposition  contained  in  the  Report  of  this  Board  of  the 
6  of  June  1771  and  has  as  well  for  that  reason  as  on  account  of  the  further  information  contuiiied 
in  these  papers  respecting  the  state  of  that  District  made  it  necessary  for  us  take  up  the  consideration 
of  it  upon  new  ground  and  to  recommend  to  your  Lordships  a  variety  of  new  Propositions. 

Upon  the  fullest  examination  into  all  the  circumstances  which  at  present,  constitute  the  state  of 
that  District  and  out  of  which,  tlie  greatest  disorders  and  confusion  have  arisen;  it  seems  to  us,  that 
the  principal  objects  of  attention  in  the  consideration  of  any  measures  that  can  be  suggested  for 
restoring  public  tranquility,  and  quieting  possessions,  are, 

First,  tliose  townslilps,  which,  having  been  originally  settled  and  established  under  grants  from 
the  government  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  fell  within  this  District,  by  the  determination  of  the 
northern  boundary  of  that  Province,  in  1740. 

Secondly,  those  grants  of  land,  made  within  this  District,  by  the  governor  of  New  York,  previous 
to  the  establishment  of  the  townships  laid  out  by  the  governor  of  New  Hampshire,  after  the  conclu- 
sion of  the  peace;  and  which  lands  now  lie  within  the  limits  of  some  one  or  otiier  of  tiiose 
townships. 

Thirdly,  those  townships,  wliich  having  been  originally  laid  out  by  the  governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, either  continue  in  tlie  same  state,  or  have  been  confirmed  by  grants  from  New  York  ;  and 
also,  those  which  have  since  originated  under  grants  from  the  latter  of  those  colonies. 

With  regard  to  those  townships,  which  fall  under  the  first  of  the  above  mentioned  descriptions  ; 
when  we  consider  their  nature  and  origin,  and  the  numberless  difficulties  to  which  the  original 
proprietors  of  them  must  have  been  subjected  in  the  settlement  of  lands,  exposed  to  the  incursions 
of  the  savages,  and  to  every  distress,  which  the  neighbourhood  of  the  French,  in  time  of  war,  could 
bring  upon  them;  and,  when  we  add  to  these  considerations,  the  great  reason  there  is  to  believe 
that  the  grants  were  made  upon  the  ground  of  military  services  against  the  enemy;  we  do  not 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW  HAMMHIRE  GRANTS. 


401 


hesitate  to  submit  to  yowr  I^ordships  oxir  opinion,  that  the  present  proprietors  of  these  townships 
ought,  boti)  in  justice  and  equity,  to  be  quieted  in  their  )>ossessions  :  and  that  all  grants  wliatsoever, 
made  by  tlie  government  of  New  York,  of  any  lands,  within  the  limits  of  those  townships,  whether 
the  degree  of  improvement,  under  tlie  original  grant,  had  been  more  or  less,  are,  in  every  light  in 
wliich  they  can  be  viewed,  oppressive  and  unjust.  But,  as  we  are  sensible  timt  such  grants  made 
by  tlie  government  of  New  York,  liowever  unwarrantable,  cannot  be  set  aside  by  any  autliority  from 
his  Majesty,  in  case  tlie  grantees  sliall  insist  on  tlieir  title  ;  we  submit  to  your  Lordsliips,  wiiether 
it  njiglit  not  be  expedient,  in  order  to  quiet  tlio  original  proprietors  in  tlieir  possessions,  to  propose 
that  all  such  persons  who  may  claim  possession  of  lands  witliin  the  limits  of  such  townsliips,  under 
New  York  grants,  should  upon  condition  of  their  quiting  such  claim,  receive  a  grant  under  tlie  seal 
of  New  York,  upon  the  like  terms,  and  free  of  all  expences,  of  an  equal  number  of  acres,  in  some 
other  part  of  the  District  lying  between  the  rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut ;  and  in  case,  where  any 
actual  settlement  or  improvement  has  been  made  by  such  claimants,  that  tiiey  should,  in  such  case, 
receive  fifty  acres  of  waste  land,  for  every  three  acres,  they  may  have  improved. 

With  regard  to  those  grants  made  by  tlie  governor  of  New  York,  whicli  iall  within  the  second 
description,  and  upon  wliich  any  actual  improvement  has  been  made;  tliey  do  appear  to  us  to  deserve 
the  same  consideration;  and  that  the  proprietors  thereof  ought  not  to  be  disturbed  iu  tlieir  posses- 
sions, whetlier  that  improvement  be  to  a  greater  or  lesser  extent.  But  we  beg  leave  to  observe  to 
your  Lordships,  that,  in  both  these  cases,  no  consideration  ought  to  be  had  to  any  claim,  where  it 
shall  appear  that  no  regular  possession  has  ever  been  taken,  and  no  actual  settlement  ever  been  made. 

With  regard  to  those  townships,  which  fall  within  tlie  last  mentioned  description,  we  submit  to 
your  Lordships  our  opinion  ;  That,  provided  such  townships  do  not  include  lands  within  the  limits 
of  some  antecedent  grant,  upon  which  actual  improvement  has,  at  any  time,  been  made,  it  would 
be  advisable  that  they  should  be  confirmed  as  townships,  according  to  the  limits  expressed  in  grants 
thereof ;  and  that  all  persons  having  possession  of  any  shares  in  the  said  townships,  whether  as 
original  grantees,  or  by  purchase  or  conveyance,  and  upon  which  shares  any  actual  improvement 
or  settlement  has  been  made,  ought  not,  in  justice,  to  have  been,  or  to  be,  in  future,  disturbed  in 
the  possession  of  such  shares;  nor  ought  they  to  be  bound  to  any  other  conditions,  whether  of  quit 
rent  or  otherwise,  than  what  is  contained  in  the  grant. 

Having  thus  stated  to  your  Lordships  every  case  that  appears  to  us  to  deserve  consideration  on 
the  Ground  of  legal  title  followed  by  actual  Settlement  and  Improvement  we  do  not  hesitate  to  submit 
to  your  Lordships  our  opinion  that  all  other  lands  whether  the  same  be  or  be  not  contained  within 
the  limits  of  any  Township  or  of  any  other  Grant  whatever  and  of  which  no  possession  has  ever 
been  taken  or  any  actual  Settlement  or  Improvement  made  should  be  disposed  of  in  manner 
following. 

1«  That  such  persons  who  claim  possession  of  Lands  uuder  Grants  from  New  York  within  the 
limits  of  any  of  the  Townships  antiently  established  by  the  Government  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay 
have  tlie  first  clioise  of  such  a  quantity  of  the  said  Lands  as  shall  be  equivalent  to  the  quantity 
Granted  within  the  said  Townships  excepting  only  in  case  of  actual  Improvement  upon  such  Grants 
they  shall  receive  fifty  for  every  three  acres  so  improved  as  has  already  [been]  suggested. 

2ndiy  That  all  commissioned  and  non  commissioned  Officers  and  Soldiers  who  have  in  conse- 
quence of  the  Proclamation  of  1763  obtained  Warrants  of  Survey  from  the  Government  of  New 
York  for  Lands  within  the  District  between  Hudson  and  Connecticut  Rivers  and  who  have  not  been 
able  to  corapleat  their  Grants  on  account  of  the  restriction  contained  in  his  Majestys  Instructions  to 
his  Governor  of  New  York  should  be  confirmed  iu  the  possession  of  those  Lands  by  immediate 
Grants  provided  such  warrants  of  Survey  do  not  include  Lands  that  have  been  actually  settled 


U 


408 


OOMTSOTUUIT   BUVCCTIIIO  THE  ITIW   MAMP8HIRB  OKAMTt. 


and  improved  under  some  former  Grant  either  of  the  Ctovemor  of  New-York  or  of  the  Governor 
of  New  Hampsliire  in  wliich  Case  it  might  be  reasonable  to  grant  to  tlie  said  Officers  and  Soldiers 
an  equivalent  in  some  other  part  of  tlie  District. 

3«"y  That  in  every  Townsliip  wliether  laid  out  under  Grant  from  the  Governor  of  New  Hamp- 
shire or  that  of  New  York  a  proper  quantify  not  exceeding  five  hundred  acres  be  reserved  in  some 
convenient  part  of  the  district  ns  a  Glebe  for  a  protestant  Minister  and  also  a  proper  quantity  not 
exceeding  two  himdred  and  filly  acres  for  a  Schoolmaster. 

4">'y  That  the  Residue  of  the  said  Lands  which  either  have  not  been  granted  at  all  or  which 
having  been  granted  have  notwithstanding  been  without  any  actual  Settlement  or  Improvement 
pursuant  to  the  conditions  of  the  Grunts  should  be  granted  and  disposed  of  to  such  persons  as  shall 
be  desirous  to  take  up  tlie  same  upon  tlie  following  terms  and  conditions  viz' 

That  each  Grantee  over  and  above  the  usual  annual  Quit  Rent  to  be  reserved  in  every  grant  of  2|6 
Sterling  per  hundred  acres  shall  upon  the  making  such  grant  pay  a  further  consideration  of  five 
poimds  Sterling  lor  every  hundred  acres. 

The  foregoing  propositions  are  all  which  have  occurred  as  necessary  for  your  Lordships  immediate 
consideration  so  fur  as  regards  the  claims  and  pretensions  which  have  been  set  up  and  the  disputes 
and  Questions  which  have  arisen  concerning  titles  to  Lands  within  this  district  and  also  to  the  best 
method  of  disposing  of  those  Lands  which  in  consequence  of  an  adjustment  of  those  claims  shall 
belong  to  the  Crown  but  we  beg  leave  to  observe  that  there  are  one  or  two  other  considerations  of  a 
more  genera]  nature  and  import  that  will  upon  this  occasion  deserve  attention. 

We  liave  already  stated  that  the  District  in  question  between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut 
and  particularly  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  latter  does  abound  in  many  parts  of  it  with  Trees  fit  for 
masting  fur  the  Royal  Navy  and  for  other  Naval  purposes  and  we  observe  from  the  minutes  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  Council  of  New  York  that  one  of  his  Majesty's  assistant  Surveyors  of  the  woods 
in  America  especially  appointed  by  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury  lor  the  Survey  of  this  District  has 
made  report  to  them  of  two  Tracts  of  Land  which  he  has  discovered  upon  Connecticut  River 
containing  a  very  considerable  growth  of  White  Pines  and  therefore  we  tiiink  it  our  duty  to  submit 
to  your  Lordships  whether  it  would  not  be  necessary  in  whatever  plan  shall  be  adopted  for  the 
final  settlement  of  this  valuable  Country  that  the  greatest  care  should  be  taken  and  the  most 
precise  Instructions  given  tliat  the  Limits  of  those  tracts  should  be  ascertained  so  as  that  they  be  not 
included  witliln  the  Limits  of  any  grants  or  any  Settlements  made  thereon  and  that  if  it  s!uill  so 
happen  that  any  part  of  those  tracts  is  included  within  the  limits  of  any  grant  already  made  and 
actuid  Settlement  or  Improvement  has  taken  place  in  consequence  thereof  that  proper  endeavours 
be  useil  to  induce  the  proprietors  to  quit  sue!)  possessions  by  offering  them  grants  of  waste  Lands  in 
some  other  parts  of  the  District  equal  in  quantity  to  what  is  claimed  by  them  in  consequence  of  such 
possession  with  a  further  allowance  of  fifty  acres  of  every  three  acres  under  actual  cultivation  and 
Improvement. 

Anotlier  case  that  appears  to  acquire  particular  consideration  is  the  claim  of  the  Society  for  the 
propagation  of  the  Grospel  in  foreign  parts  founded  on  a  Reservation  inserted  by  the  Governor  of  New 
Hampshire  in  the  grants  made  by  him  of  five  hundred  acres  in  each  Township  for  the  use  of  that 
Society  a  Reservation  from  which  we  conceive  the  Society  could  not  have  drawn  much  advantage 
and  that  the  best  means  of  rendering  the  intention  efiectual  to  the  piouse  purpose  for  which  the 
Reservation  was  made  would  be  to  make  compensation  to  the  Society  at  the  rate  of  thirty  pounds 
fur  each  Township  in  tlie  Grant  of  wiiich  such  Reservation  was  contained  the  said  compensation  tu 
be  made  out  of  such  moneys  as  shall  arise  out  of  the  sale  of  the  forfeited  shares  in  tlie  manner 
beforementioned. 


OOMTKOVERSY   HEBPECTINU  THE  HEW  HAMFSHIRE  GIUNTt. 


4M 


The  foregoing  propositions  together  with  what  we  have  submitted  to  your  Lordships  upon  tlie 
case  of  tlie  Townsliip  of  J'insdale  wliich  appeared  to  us  to  require  a  separate  consideration  are  all 
that  have  occurred  ou  the  subject  matter  of  the  papers  annexed  to  your  Lordships  orders  of 
reference  of  the  17ti>  of  June  last  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  claims  to  possessions  witliiu  tlie  District 
that  lias  been  so  long  a  bone  of  contention  between  the  Provinces  of  New  York  and  New  Hampshire 
and  by  which  contention  the  public  peace  lias  been  so  greatly  disturbed  and  it  only  remains  fur  us 
to  state  to  your  Lordships  a  short  observation  or  two  with  regard  to  the  mode  of  regranting  those 
parts  of  the  Land  in  this  District  wliich  after  provision  has  been  made  in  the  manner  we  liave 
suggested  for  such  claims  as  are  in  equity  and  Justice  ol>jects  of  attention  shall  remain  lor  his 
Majesty's  disposal. 

The  circumstance  that  more  particularly  makes  this  an  object  of  consideration  is  the  proposition 
we  have  submitted  for  tlie  sale  of  these  Lauds  for  a  valuable  consideration  and  the  necessity  that 
there  is  therefore  that  the  Grant  or  Co.iveyance  should  be  burthen'd  with  as  little  expence  as 
possible  because  the  facility  of  selling  them  upon  the  plan  and  fur  the  price  we  have  submitted  will 
be  greater  or  less  in  proportion  to  that  expence  and  because  we  conceive  it  will  be  utterly  impossible 
to  dispose  of  that  all  upon  any  such  plan  if  the  Grants  [arej  to  pass  through  all  the  forms  now 
adopted  in  New  York  upon  Grants  of  Lands  and  are  to  he  subject  to  the  payment  of  the  Fees  at 
present  taken  by  the  Govei-nor  and  other  officers  of  that  Colony. 

We  have  upon  former  occasions  found  it  necessary  to  take  notice  of  tiie  Complaints  which  have 
been  made  of  the  injustice  and  extortion  of  the  Servants  of  the  Crown  in  New  York  in  this  respect 
and  we  have  at  all  times  considered  the  liberty  they  have  assumed  to  themselves  of  taking  greater 
and  other  fees  upon  Grants  of  Land,  than  what  were  established  by  tlie  ordinance  of  the  Governor 
and  Council  of  the  year  1710,  as  most  unwarrantable  and  unjust. 

By  that  Ordinance  the  fees  allowed  to  be  taken  upon  Grants  of  Land  by  the  Governor  the  Secretary 
and  the  Surveyor  are  t  >usiderably  larger  than  what  are  at  this  day  received  for  the  same  service 
in  any  other  of  the  Colonies  nor  are  fees  allowed  as  we  conceive  to  any  other  officers  than  those 
we  have  mentioned. 

Of  later  times  however  the  Governor  the  Secretary  and  the  Surveyor  have  taken  and  do  now 
exact  considerably  more  than  double  what  that  ordinance  allows  and  a  number  of  other  officers  do 
upon  various  pretences  take  fees  upon  all  Grants  of  Land,  in  so  much  that  the  whole  amount  of 
these  fees  upon  a  Grant  of  one  thousand  acres  of  Land  is  in  many  instances  not  fur  short  of  the 
real  value  of  the  fee  Simple  and  we  think  we  are  justified  in  supposing  that  It  has  been  from  a 
consideration  of  the  advantage  arising  from  these  exorbitant  fees  that  His  Majesty's  Governors  of 
New  York  liave  of  late  years  taken  upon  tliemselves  upon  the  most  unwarrantable  pretences  to 
elude  the  restrictions  contained  in  His  Majestys  Instructions  with  regard  to  the  quantity  of  Land 
to  be  granted  to  any  one  person  and  to  contrive  by  the  insertion  in  one  grant  of  a  number  of  names 
either  fictitious  or  which  if  real  are  only  lent  for  the  purpose  to  convey  to  one  person  in  one  Grant 
from  twenty  to  Ibrty  thousand  acres  of  Lund  an  abuse  which  is  now  grown  to  that  height  as  well 
to  deserve  your  Lordships  attention.  In  the  present  case  however  the  only  part  for  your  Lordships 
consideration  is  whether  you  will  not  tliink  fit  if  the  measure  we  have  suggested  should  be  adopted 
to  advise  His  Majesty  to  give  the  most  positive  instructions  to  the  Governor  of  New  York  that 
upon  any  application  made  to  him  tor  the  Lands  proposed  to  be  regranted  on  the  Conditions  we 
have  stated  he  do  upon  the  payment  of  the  consideration  money  to  his  Majesty's  Receiver  General 
issue  his  warrant  into  the  Secretaries  office,  the  Grant  do  pass  without  any  other  form  or  process 
whiitsoever  and  with  out  any  fees  whatsoever  to  be  taken  either  by  the  Attorney  General  the  Receiver 
Greneral  or  the  Auditor  and  that  neither  the  Governor  the  Secretary  nor  the  Surveyor  General  do 


y  4' 


m 

'•11 


il  I 


i!  '■ 


494 


COMTKOVUUIY   RUPKCTINO   TUB   NEW   HAMMHIKK  OKAMTS. 


take  any  other  fees  than  what  are  prescribed  by  the  Ordinance  of  1710  which  we  have  already 
observed  are  higher  tlian  what  are  now  talcru  by  the  same  officers  for  the  same  service  in  any 
other  Colony. 

Upon  the  whole  my  Lords  we  are  sensible  that  many  dilHculties  will  occur  in  the  execution  of  any 
plan  that  can  be  suggested  tor  putting  an  end  to  tliose  Disortlers  and  abuses  wliich  have  so  long 
dishonored  Government  and  di8turl)ed  the  peace  and  «]uiet  of  a  very  valuable  part  of  his  Majesty's 
possessions  that  it  is  impossible  to  suggest  every  pro]K>sitiun  that  may  be  necessary  in  a  case 
involved  in  so  mucli  difficulty  and  perplexity  and  that  the  practicability  and  impracticability  of 
tliose,  we  have  now  submitted  will  depend  in  gn*at  measure  upoit  the  acquiescence  on  one  liand 
and  tlie  obstinacy  on  the  other  of  those  whose  diilerent  claims  we  have  stated  but  if  tlie  plan  of 
accommoilution  we  have  clialked  out,  s'lall  in  the  Genend  outline  of  it  meet  witli  your  Lordships 
approbation  it  Is  all  we  can  presume  to  hope  for  and  it  must  Ite  submitted  to  your  Lordships  to 
advise  His  Majesty  to  take  such  steps  thereupon  as  to  your  Lonlships  shall  seem  meet  and  expedient. 
We  are  My  Lords  Your  Lordships  most  obedient  and  most  humble  Servants 

Dartmouth 
SoAME  Jenvns 
Bamber  Gascoymb 
Grevillg 
Whitehall  Dec'  3<i  1772.  Garlibs 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

[Load.  Doe:  SUII.] 

Sir  By  the  Packet  that  sailed  Arom  New  York  in  November,  I  received  your  Dispatches  N"  1, 
2  &  3,  and  have  laid  them  before  the  King. 

1  have  already  acquainted  you,  in  my  letter  of  yesterday's  date,  that  the  State  of  the  District 
between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut  would  probably  lHM?ome  tlie  subject  of  a  seperate 
letter,  in  consequence  of  a  Report  of  tlie  Board  of  Trade  ;  and  tlierefore  I  shall  decline  taking 
any  other  notice,  in  this  place,  of  the  continuance  of  the  disturbances  on  the  Lands  in  tliat  district, 
than  barely  to  express  my  hope,  tliat  the  qiiestions  which  have  occasioned  tliose  disturbances,  will 
shortly  be  determined  in  a  manner  that  by  giving  satisfaction  to  all  parties,  will  be  more  effectual  to 
restore  quiet,  than  t)ie  interposition  of  any  Military  Force,  which  ought  never  to  be  called  in  to  the 
aid  of  tlie  Civil  authority,  but  in  cases  of  absolute  and  unavoidable  necessity,  and  wliicli  would  be 
highly  improper  if  applied  to  support  possessions,  which  alter  order  issued  in  1767  upon  the  petition 
of  the  proprietors  of  the  N.  Hampshire  Townships,  may  be  of  very  doubtful  title. 

I  am  etto.  Dabtmovth. 


\: 


!  .'M 


OONTKOVKMY    RUPXCTIMC  THB  MSW   HAMMHIBB  OBAim. 


496 


PETITION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OP  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY, 

FOR  THE   RIGHT   TO    ELECT   A   REPRESENTATIVE. 

To  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captain  General  and  Governor  in  Chief  in 
and  over  the  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in 
America  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same. 

In  Council. 
The  Humble  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  Freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of 
Cumberland  in  the  Province  of  New  York. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

That  by  Letters  Patent  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York  bearing  date  the 
nineteenth  Day  of  March  1708  a  Large  Tract  of  Land  containing  near  forty  Townships  each  of  the 
Contents  of  Six  Miles  square  was  erected  into  a  County  by  tlie  Name  of  tlie  County  of  Cumberland 
and  tlie  Inhabitants  thereof  are  in  and  by  the  said  Letters  Patent  Declared  to  be  vested  witli  and 
entitled  unto  all  and  every  the  Powers  Privileges  and  Immunities  and  subject  to  the  same  Laws 
Regulations  and  Government  wliicli  the  Inliabitants  of  any  other  county  in  tlie  said  Province  of 
New  York  are  entitled  to  do  enjoy  or  are  subject  to  as  by  the  said  Letters  Patent  or  the  record 
tliereof  to  wliich  We  beg  leave  to  referr  may  appear. 

Tliat  your  Petitioners  acknowledge  with  tlie  utmost  Gratitude  the  Recent  Marks  of  your  Excel- 
lency's Paternal  Attention  to  the  Welfair  and  Convenience  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  by 
the  late  Salutary  Regulations  and  as  your  Petitioners  are  wholly  disposed  to  demean  themselves 
as  good  subjects  so  tliey  are  desirous  of  Enjoying  in  common  with  the  Inhabitants  of  the  other 
Counties  of  this  Province  the  Powers  and  Privileges  extended  to  them  by  having  Liberty  to  choose 
two  representatives  to  serve  in  tlie  General  Assembly  in  this  Province. 

That  such  Representation  will  fulfil  the  hopes  of  your  Petitioners  by  establishing  that  firm  and 
lasting  connection  which  they  are  desirous  should  ever  subsist  between  them  and  the  Government 
to  which  it  is  their  Iiappiness  to  belong  and  will  enable  the  more  readily  to  accomplish  the  good 
purposes  of  Government  by  obtaining  such  as  Laws  as  will  most  tend  to  its  honor  and  their  own 
Prosperity. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  Pray  that  your  Excellency  will  be  favourably  pleased 
to  issue  your  writ  enabling  the  Freeholders  and  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County  to  Elect  and  choose 
two  representatives  for  the  said  County  to  serve  in  General  Assembly  returnable  at  the  meeting  of  the 
said  General  Assembly  on  the  fifth  Day  of  January  next. 
And  your  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &c. 
Cumberland  County  y«  T""  December  1772. 


Natlin  Stone 
Aaa  Haven 
Robert  Pnthso 
Asa  liico 
Francis  Whitmore 
James  Richardson 
Atliniei  Willcins  Junr 
Sutli  Kico 
John  Barbur 
Zeptianiali  Shepberdsou 
Amos  Tute 
Benin  Dvar 
Mathel  Davis 
Thomas  Cutler 


"Wniard  Dean 
Simeon  Birch 
Benjamin  Shurt 
Wm  Williams 
Benjn  Hutching 
Peter  Evans 
Jonathan  Tarbell 
Timothy  Clark 
John  Patterson 
James  Coniins 
Amos  Haile 
Atherton  Classe 
David  Pulsepher 
Jas  Rogers 


Olr  Willard 
Willard  Stevens 
Oliver  Lovell 
Gad  Smith 
Timo  Lovell 
Israel  Cnrtis 
Oliver  Wells 
Joshua  Stoddard 
John  Kathan 
John  Kathan  Junr 
Oliver  Church 
Elijah  Prouty 
Stephen  Greenleaf 
William  McCnne 


Jonathan  Church 
James  Smith 
Philip  Paddlford 
Robert  Bizell 
Timothy  Church 
Nathll  Church  Junr 
Sawyer  Wright 
Richard  Prouty 
Thos:  Chandler 
Joseph  Lord 
Samll  Wlls 
Noah  Sabin 
Wm  Willard 
Simon  Stevens 


tl*  1 


il 


i 


ili 


f 


I 
* 


4M 


aoirrauvutav  iimm>sctiji«  tmb  msw  iummhibb  hiumts. 


I 


John  Bolton 
Bildnd  Aiidrni 
Zudui'k  AVright 
Crt'an  Brush 
John  (trouc 
John  Krily 
Simoon  Olcolt 
Solonmn  I'holpii 
Samuel  Knight 
Elijah  Alvord 
Zflihiiniiih  Swift 
Sllns  I'.iw 
Jo»hiia  Ilidn 
John  Pciinol 
Joliii  Thorno 
Rllshn  Pratt 
John  Pt'ttcy 
Jonuthiin  KiifTcrd 
Kphraiin  Kannry 
Klijah  Kannuy 
Bi-nln  Gorton 
Uilifad  Eiwton 
Wm  Dawes 
Jouth  Hunt 


John  Church 
John  Diko 
Mule  Church 
Thos  Miner 
John  Lovell 
Adhcr  Evans 
John  Norton 
Leonard  Spaulding 
Jo«p|)h  Wood 
Joseph  Fuller 
JonnlhaiiFullRr 
Samuel  KIchitrdion 
Joseph  Peirco 
El)eney,er  Haws 
James  Knap 
Oliver  Cook 
John  Sarf;ennt 
Alexdr  Kathan 
Jonathan  llerrick 
Benjn  ButterHeld 
David  Joy 
John  Briilgman 
David  Chnreh 
Jacob  Spaulding 


John  Baldwin 
Bcnjan  Ilutterflcid  Ji 
Samuel  Brown 
Isaac  MeCuno 
Eliuiiezer  Knapp 
Klx'tie/er  Fox 
Joslah  Allen 
Samuel  NiehoU 
Jaeoli  Wvnn 
Dan  Tutt'le 
Isaar  Baird 
Joshua  Parker 
Daniel  Saliin 
Samuel  Wheat 
Matthew  Cushing 
Jonas  Snow 
Noah  Saliin  Jur 
Jonathan  Houghton 
Notth  Ciishinn 
Dennis  Lockling 
Daniel  Houghton 
Cyrus  Houghton  Jr 
John  French 
James  Corning  Junr 


Cvrns  nonghton 
Euencztr  Houghton 
John  Butler 
Ehfnezer  Wright 
Asa  HolKoto 
Fareliank  Mooro 
Thonuis  Sargeant 
KIIhIui  llnrduig 
David  Willis 
Jonathan  Wells 
William  Cranny 
William  Ellas 
Th(mius  Ellas 
John  Ellas 
Josep)i  Burt 
Luther  Burt 
Joxeph  Burt  Junr 
Sami  Wells  Junior 
Bcnit  Field 
Duvid  Liudsey 
Oliver  Harris 
Edward  Jewell 
Bcnjaiuin  Baker 


1772.  Dec  23.    Read  in  Council  and  writ  ordered  to  issue. 


\k    I 


PETITIONS  TO  ERECT  SKENESBOROUGH  INTO  A  COUNTY  TOWN. 

To  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Captain  General  &  Governor  in  Chief  in  ami  over 

the  Province  of  New  York  &  Territory's  depending  thereon  in  America  Vice  admiral 

and  Chancellor  of  the  Same. 

In  Council. 

The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  Freeholders  in  County  Charlote. 

Humbly  Sheweth 

That  whereas  it  hath  pleased  the  Honourable  Legislature  of  this  Province  lately  to  form  onr  part 

of  the  County  Albany  into  a  New  County  under  the  name  &  title  of  Charlote  County  and  its  being 

to  lis  a  mater  of  very  great  Importance  that  the  County  Court  House  be  fixed  in  a  convenient  spot 

as  near  the  centre  as  may  be  so  Skenesborrow  to  us  apears  the  most  suitable  as  the  Inhabitants  to 

the  JVorfhward  on  both  sides  lake  Ciiamplain  can  come  to  it  in  Battoes  ui)on  the  Lakes  &  on  the 

East  &  West  side  the  people  have  not  but  about  24  miles  at  farthest  &.  the  wad  already  opened.    As 

for  the  Township  of  New  Perth  which  lyes  at  farthest  about  30  miles  on  the  Sout/i  touclig  the  South 

line  of  the  County  altlto  they  are  the  greatest  body  of  the  Inhabitants  in  one  spot  yet  they  are 

content  &  earnestly  desire  Skeensborow  May  be  established  as  the  seat  of  Judicature  for  the  (.'oimty 

this  apears  by  their  Subscriptions  &  a  road  being  already  opened  by  their  help  from  their  Town  to 

Skeensborow. 

Wlierefore  May  it  Please  His  Excellency  the  Governor  and  the  Honourable  Privy  Council  to  order 

and  appoint  that  our  Coimty  Court  house  shall  be  erected  in  Skeensborow  upon  wJiatever 

spot  the  Judges  Justices  &  Freeholders  sliall  think  most  convenient  Providing  Major  Skecu 

will  grant  to  tlte  Trustees  &  Freeholders  a  tract  of  Ground  in  fee  simple  fur  Publick  uses 

and  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  pray. 


iM 


OOMtHOVEMY    aUPKCTIMO   THK   N|CW    UAMMHIU   StAltTi. 


Jamei  McT)ontld 

Jamrs  Turner 
}lamiltnii  McColllitre 
Kobcrt  Ci)dirttn 
Joli  McCli'iiry 
Junutlinti  Barbar 
John  KdhIlt 
RcnlR'n  Turner 
John  ArniHtrong 
AluxiiniU'r  Turner 
Kilwiird  I.otiK 
J(i8liuii  Conkvy 
TIkin  JolniMon 
Miitlitiw  McWhorter 
Tliuiiias  Ucutty 
Jonvpli  McCraken 


Ephrklm  Noblo 
Kobcrt  McCrovey 
Jonntlian  BaUcr 
George  (Jun 
Uorgu  McKniglit 
William  Tliompaun 
Kiibert  ArniHtrong 
Jolin  Kownn 
Diiviil  Sli'wiirt 
Jolin  JtiiruH 
KoIht  Mutllilow 
Adam  (iolty 
I'lilrick  Willsim 
JuuR's  CroHscit 
Dimli'l  AIcGlfury 
Wililum  Moncriuf 


Alexander  McWItt 
■lamcii  Simpson 
JaincH  Tliiiiniion 
Alexander  St«w«rt 
Kubt  Steurt 
David  Steurt 
Snnnicl  Wli«on 
Sninnul  IlopUint 
Kubt'rt  llupkinit 
Kolicil  ("uUlwuU 
DuiiUaMoRntire 
•liilin  Dunlop 
StepliiMi  Kuwan 
Knbt  Qua 
John  l,yt!-j 
rrancenLamman 


Charle*  ITntehaD 
JaniPR  Mouro 
Hugh  Mnore 
John  McKab 
Julm  McCvimey 
John  Tud 
David  Tomb 
John  Ournn 
Nathan  J.  Cawlejr 
MoKM.-)!  Murting 
Thomaa  Armstrong 
James  Hawley 
Samuel  llindmand 
Lconnrrd  Webb 
Dunean  Campbell 


497 


(Endorsed)    1773.  Feb'  2"'i  Read  in  Council. 


(Here  follows  Petition  No.  2  Same  subject,  Same  County.) 


Samuel  Buck 
Joseph  Gillct 
Klchard  Bonto 
Epliruini  Buck 
Tliomiis  Chlpman 
John  Chlpman 
William  Spencer 
David  Woston 
Richard  Woodcock 
John  Colo 
Nicolas  Handland 
Dan  Tucker 
Ebenezcr  llydo  Junr 
Thomas  Ashley 
Ebcne/er  Alleo 
Aimer  How 
John  Kamsdell 
Amos  Mansfield 
David  Johnson 
John  Walker 
David  Jackson 


Frances  Elsworth 
Hicliurd  Brumridge 
IloscwL'll  llopklim 
Gamalii'l  Puiiitor 
Henry  Bnekannan 
Rol)ert  Thomson 
Alexr  Webster 
Thomas  Alford 
Robert  Doglus 
John  Anderson 
Peter  Beverly 
Stephen  Jones 
Silas  Tniln 
Isiinek  Baker 
Jehu  Bird 
Daniel  Warren 
Abiier  Walsh 
Jonathan  Olds 
John  Peek 
Frederick  Peek 
David  CrippcD 


Gideon  Coolv 
Steven  Mead 
James  Ilopkini 
Roger  Stevens 
Joel  Powel 
John  Vine 
John  Webber 
Richard  Bignol 
Samuel  AVelcock 
Amos  Fuller 
Zacbeos  Williams 
John  Sweet 
Hopewell  Bailey 
Thos  Black 
Abner  Veal 
Geo  Thompson 
Reuben  Keep 
Genhani  AVIllard 
Alexander  Stewart 
Phillip  Sunderland 
Benjamin  Cooly 


Stephen  Olmiteed 
Isaac  Rood 
William  Marshall 
Ralph  I  Currlngtoo 
James  Strolherd 
Timothy  Shirley 
Richard  Huntcri 
Andrew  Young 
Sam)  Harris 
Thomas  Davis 
Abner  West 
Josiah  Nnysc 
Eflward  Gray 
n'.'/.eUlah  Ashley 
William  Powell 
Richard  Sexton 
Hugh  Campbell 
Daniel  Robinson 
A.  P.  Skene 
James  Stodder 
Jno  Prcno 


m\ 


'it 


James  Palmer 
Deliverance  Sqniw 
Daniel  Abbot 
Josiah  Culver 
Derrick  Webb 


Gershom  Beach 
Samuel  Ci'i(i'icn 
Felix  Powe'. 
William  Dvrinell 


(Petition  N"  3.) 


Elner  Bacna 
John  White 
Jcreniiab  French 
John  Sairl 


Gidien  Sa'  l 
Andrew  Htwiey 
James  Frume 
Ebcneser  Leonard 


(ditto  N'^  Inliabitants  of  Socialborough.) 


Ichabob  Packer 
Asa  Johnson 
Moses  Halo 
Nathan  Tuttle 


Jol  iol  Andrews 
Amos  Andrews 
Diivid  Hawley 
I:<aac  Cushman 


Samuel  Adames 
Jepthah  Uawleji 
Burias  Uaws 
Thomas  Hawi 


Joseph  Hawley 
Saml  Beach 
Thomas  Tuttle 
Edward  Owen 


J'l 


m 
i'«- 


(N"  5.  Inhabitants  of  Crown  Point  district  and  Ticonderoga.) 


Robt  Lewis 
Lachlan  Mackintosh 
Collin  McKenzie 
Alexr  MacKenzie 
Jolm  North 
Hugh  AVhyte 
Vredlf  Skinner 
Benj;  Porter 
Joseph  Russel 
Benjn  Kellog 
John  Strong 


Isaac  Kellog 
Odel  S(iuier 
Nathaniel  Chapman 
John  Pangburn 
Nathaniel  Marsh 
David  Valena 
Jacob  Ferris 
Abner  Brisk 
David  Iloelcomb 
Abram  Holcomb 
EUJah  Grandy 


John  Criggcr 

Epliraim  Tyler 

Thos  Sparhang 

William  Anstruther 
Captain  in  the  2Gth 
Regt  commanding  the 
Garrison  of  Crown  Point 
lic.  kc. 

John  Cobham 

Stephen  Chapman 


Wm  Wood 
Thomas  Brady 
Moses  Campbell 
Donald  Mcintosh 
Azriel  Blanchard 
Thomas  Waywood 
Joseph  Fraiiklln 
Samuel  Richardson 
John  Smith 
John  Bytler. 


Vol.  it. 


6t 


498 


OOMTtOVUIV    KUPWTINa   THK  NEW   RAMNHIBB  OIUMTt. 


(I 

^0  6  Inhabitants  of  Skcnesborongli.) 

T)i«  Nam««. 

In  Fsttiily, 

Th«  Niinm. 

la  Familir, 

T1i»  N«mM. 

In  Fsmilr 

riillip  Skt-no 

44 

Aaron  Kiillcr  Jiir 

7 

John  Smith 

.      2 

Tiiiiiidiy  Fiirco 

4 

DiiiiU-l  liriMidlgu 

7 

Saihll  |)r»t'y 

8 

KolwrlCioidon    • 

1 

JohIuIi  Wi'U'h 

8 

Si'lli  Slow 

.      ft 

GaiTiit  KfatlL'S 

fi 

Gnmhoni  Fuller 

•2 

David  Hiiverly 

8 

Monlit  Aiiitlln 

4 

John  Aniitin 

6 

Thcitiiioi  WllUon 

•     11 

b.ivid  Uuiitur 

11 

John  Thomas  Jr 

1 

hin 

14 

Jamen  Thomas 

1 

I'rttt  +  Thomas 

8 

Jacob  Cllne 

2 

IIopI'Mtill    U\jl\„ 

H 

mark 

Joliii  lU'woy 

f) 

A/.iicI  Hlaiicharil 

6 

,Io«c|ili  lli'thoh'mcw 

•     4 

E|iliralm  Aycrt 

t) 

Timothy  I'lln.llo 

3 

Jiihii  Skiiicr 

2 

.lanu'ii  Pilly 

S 

JofI  rrlmlle  Siiir 

5 

AVIIIiaiii  Ihillon 

•      0 

TlioniiiH  KolK-rls 

2 

Joi'l  I'l'iiiillu  .luiir    - 

'1 

DariiiN  .lunh'ti 

4 

John  McKerraii    • 

R 

AVilllaml'riiKlUi 

•» 

A»a  .loslin 

.      I 

Jiiim-d  Jnckmin 

II 

Jacoh  StiK'kwtrll 

0 

Siunll   lliililinrd 

1 

Zi'oliariali  Thomas 

8 

JamcH  Smith 

8 

Daniel  (iiiiigi-r 

2 

Onion  Kiilhff  Jr 

6 

Nnit  llarvi'y 

0 

Cciirirc  lioyio 

U 

SMim  Grniiigur 

6 

I.ivi  SlookHi'll 

7 

Janii'K  Uiivie 

.      ft 

Elixha  OUU 

8 

Andrew  Kanncy 

1 

John  Koyle 

« 

Jndii  Fiillvr 

6 

Klisliamtt  Fryer 

6 

llriijninin  Mnrrny 

JiTi'mluh  Uiirronglis 

5 

KlK'iii'wr  VIrdc 

4 

Cliarli'i  lli'i'd 

.  "      8 

Znaehi'iin  Orahiger 

a 

Sanini'l  Ilneon 

& 

Janii'N  ArmMrcing 

.      7 

AVilli«ni  Wiiiton 

3 

Samnel  Ki'ep 

5 

Andrew  Stevenson  • 

3 

John  Thomas  Sr 

7 

.lanu'sSti'wcrd 

. 

• 

2 

David  D<mgla« 

•      2 

Thomas  Boggess 

3 

Larronre  McKinsey 

4 

Hugh  Camiibel 

6 

Robert  Vino 

4 

Alexander  Young     • 

8 

ToUl  In  Family  870. 

James  Perkins 

2 

*«*  Th*  Ust  •noDMnUd  71  subieribers  wsrt  Tenuit*  to  M^Jor  Sksns. 


'n  ' 


PETITION  OF  THE  INHABITANTS  OF  GLOUCESTER  AND  CUMBERLAND. 

To  the  King's  Most  Excellent  Majesty. 
The  Petition  of  the  Inhabitants  of  tlie  Counties  of  Gloucester  and  Cumberland  in  the  Province 
of  New  York  whose  Names  are  hereunto  subscribed. 
Most  humbly  sheweth 

Tliat  your  Petitioners  and  those  under  whom  they  claim  formerly  obtained  Grants  for  the  several 
Townships  on  which  tiiey  reside  from  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire. 

Tliat  your  Majesty  by  your  Royal  Order  in  Privy  Council  of  tlie  Twentietli  Day  of  July  One 
thousand  seven  hundred  and  sixty  four  was  pleased  to  declare  the  Western  Bank  of  Connecticut 
River  where  it  enters  the  Province  of  tlio  Massachusetts  Bay  to  lie  the  Boundary  between  the 
Colonies  of  New  Hampshire  and  New  York. 

That  some  time  afterwards  on  the  humble  Petition  of  the  then  Inhabitants,  tlie  Lands  on  tlie  West 
Side  of  the  said  Connecticut  River  were  erected  into  two  new  Counties  by  Letters  Patent  under 
the  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New  York  by  the  respective  names  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester 
since  which  the  Course  of  Justice  hath  been  duly  established  and  the  Inhabitants  have  enjoyed  the 
Blessings  and  advantages  of  Peace,  Order,  and  good  Government. 

That  in  many  Instances  they  have  obtained  New  Grants  and  confirmations  of  their  several  New 
Hampshire  Claims  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province  of  New  York,  and  from  the  Exenip-Iiiry 
Liberality  and  Goodness  of  his  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  your  Mnjesty's  Governor  of  tUo 
said  Province  of  New  York  they  have  Reason  to  expect  wlien  your  Majestys  Instructions  will 
permit  that  the  rest  of  their  Townships  will  be  confirmed  to  tbem  for  one  half  of  the  usual  Fees  of 
Office  which  your  Petitioners  consider  ns  a  great  mark  of  Favour  and  Indulgence. 


Bt  i- 


Id 


OOMTRUVEMV    BUrCCTItfU   THE  MEW   HAMPBHIRB  a»AMT«. 


499 


That  your  Petitioneni  are  not  desirous  of  any  Change  of  JuriiMUctlon  hut  are  perrectly  satisfied  and 
earnestly  wisili  to  continue  under  tlie  (iuvfrnincnt  of  New  Yurie,  and  are  only  anxious  to  iiave 
tlieir  Titles  made  valid  uud  secure  l)y  coiitlrnmtions  under  tlic  Qreut  Seal  of  tlie  iiald  Province 
wliicli  iiuve  been  Idthertu  sus^iended  us  your  Petitioners  arc  intbriued  by  your  Mujesty's  lloyal 
Instructions. 

Tiiut  tlie  Inhiiltitunts  of  tlie  suid  Counties  wliose  Titles  reiuain  unconilrmed  sutTer  the  grentest 
Inconveniencies  on  tluit  Account  Tliut  they  cunnot  carry  on  tlieir  Improvements  with  spirit  and 
vigour  from  the  uncertainty  whether  they*  may  not  lie  finally  deprived  of  them  und  loose  their 
Laljour.  TImt  they  are  not  entitled  to  the  Hights  and  Privileges  of  Freeholders  from  the  Delects 
of  their  present  Clwuters,  nor  can  they  for  the  sunie  Ueuson  support  any  Action  lor  their  Landed 
Property  when  it  is  injured  or  withheld  from  them,  That  while  these  distressing  Circunistunces  lull 
heavy  on  Individuals  tliey  at  the  sumo  Time  obstruct  the  Growth  und  further  Cultivution  of  these 
New  Counties  impede  tlie  equal  Adiiiinistrution  of  Justice,  und  prevent  the  payment  and  Augmeu- 
tutlon  of  your  Mujesty's  Uevenuu  from  the  Quit  Rents. 

Yoiu'  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  beseech  your  Mujesty  to  take  their  case  into  your  Royal 
and  Paternal  Consideration  and  Graciously  to  direct  that  the  Severid  Townsliips  which  they  hold 
under  the  Charters  of  New  ilan)]>s1iire  within  the  said  Counties  of  Cuniherland  and  Gloucester 
may  be  forthwith  granted  and  confirmed  to  tiiem  under  the  Great  Seal  of  the  said  Province  of  New 
York  on  the  usual  Quit  Rents  and  half  the  Fees  of  Oillco  agreeable  to  tliu  generous  Pluu  formed 
by  his  Excellency  the  Governor  <if  the  said  Province. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  Bound  shall  ever  pray  fc«» 

Tlioii  Cliiindlor,  Jonopli  Lonl,  Snmiiol  Wells,  Nonli  Siibln,  Nntlm  Stone,  Isrncl  Cnrtln,  Eplirnlm  Unnnoy,  Croon  Brnih, 
William  Piittcrson,  MnUoni  (Minrcli.  Dunli'l  HiMincy,  OliviT  WclW,  Josliim  Slodiliird,  .Tnhn  Norlmi,  Wllllnni  Wllliird,  .liihn 
Grout,  .loliii  Katliiiii  .liiiir,  Olivor  Clinrt'li,  Klijuli  I'lunty,  Oliver  CimU,  .lolm  .SnrKcnl.  Alcxflndor  Kiitlmii,  Ui'ti|iiniiii  Gnrtoti, 
Siiniuel  Kiiiglit,  Uiivlil  CliinTli,  .Incoli  S|mldln^,  .lolin  llnldwln,  Uciijuniin  liuttcrllt-ld  .Inninr.  ISnniiK'l  Itronti,  jsniic  MeCiinc, 
Kbunczi'r  Kimp,  Willlnni  McCuiu',  .Ifumllinn  Cliiiroh,  Jnnic!*  Smith,  I'liillp  I'addlcrord,  Holiort  HriiK''i>l.  Tiniotliy  Cliiircli, 
Niithiinlel  Clinrcli  Jniilur,  .Sawyi'r  AVrlnlit,  Klu'in'Zfr  Fox,  Ulfliiird  I'loiily,  .Insiah  Allen,  Sicplien  Gieeiilciif,  Benjiimin 
Biitterlluld,  Wllliird  Steveiis,  Diivid  .loy,  Diinlel  Tiitllo,  Isaiio  Heard,  .Inn;. na  Parker,  Daniel  Sadlii,  Satiniel  WlKut,  Miiiliew 
Ciisliiiig,  Anion  Uallc,  Joiiax  Snow,  .lanieH  Goiiriu!!,  Noah  Saliiii  .Innlor,  Jonathan  Hon);lilou.  Noah  Cnxliin,  Deiinlx  Locklliig, 
Daniel  llniiKlilon,  CyriiH  IloM);liti>n  Junior.  Jolin  Freiieh,  Jaine.'i  roinini*,rvruA  II(iU)iliton,  Kliene/er  Ilonphtoii,  Julin  Dntler, 
El)i'ni'/,er  Wriglit,  Asii  llolegate,  Tliouias  SarRent,  Ferhariii  Moore  Juur,  W'illiani  Craiuiey,  Jonathan  Welln,  Wllllani  Kills, 
TlioninH  Ellis,  John  EIIIk,  Jiwepli  Hurt.  Luther  Burt,  Nathan  Davis,  Jahez  Davis,  Eheilezer  Fisljer,  Elias  Wilder,  Oliver 
Ilarrix junior,  Benjamin  Baker,  KliBlia  Harding.  David  Willis,  Eduard  .lewetl.  .loliu  llongiiton,  David  Houghloii,  Wliiiatn 
Houghton,  Solomon  Ball,  Aliel  Stoekwell  Jnnicu',  Perez  .Stockwell,  James  Ball.  Kii.iah  Alvanl,  Caleh  Aivarfl,  Heiihen  Cook, 
John  Kng);,  Zaplm  Stvift,  Ellliew  Bosoem,  Beiijamin  Perry,  Silas  Hamilton,  David  Davis,  Jolm  Davis,  Jolm  Bolton,  Henry 
ilenderson,  Samuel  Clark  Junior,  Isaae  Orr,  I'.liene/.er  Davis,  Klienezer  Davis  Junior,  Jonas  Shepard.  Hu)!li  Bolton.  Beii|aniiii 
Peiree,  Beriiamin  Pelree  Junior,  William  Frazer,  William  Wilson,  Williiini  Gait,  .SaniUi'l  .Murrisim,  Klienener  Parrish,  jsriicl 
(lerid,  Joseph  Stewart,  Joseph  Stewart  Jmiior,  John  Stewart.  Ale.\an<ler  Stewart,  John  Clark.  James  Cary,  KhericziT  Saliins, 
William  Hender.sen  Junr,  James  MeWalers,  Kufus  Sliuppard,  David  Henderson,  John  Sin'ppardson,  Daniel  \\ilkiiis,  Dhar 
Goodonough,  Zeplmniah  Slu'ppardsfUi,  Solomon  Phelps,  David  Apres  Junior,  J(jscpli  Dexier,  Zakeas  Fanswortli,  Oliver 
Bishop,  Jolm  Pike,  Benjamin  Carpenter,  Olhaniel  Wilkins  Junior,  William  Niukols,  Oliver  Harris,  Jonathan  Hohhs,  Bildad 
Andros,  Benjandn  Burt,  Ehenezer  llolton,  Josiali  Pease,  Kurliunk  Moore.  Daniel  Gill,  John  Baritt,  Simec^n  Sjieneer,  lehnbod 
Woddams,  James  Call,  Jolm  Heart,  Franeis  Beatty,  Josepli  Woodruff,  I.eavi  Stevens,  Soli  Stevens,  William  I'atterson, 
William  Smeed,  Abel  StafTord,  Jonathan  Burk  Junior.  Jonathan  Holilinrc,  David  (illchal,  Isuiab  Bnrk,  Solonmii  Bnrk, 
Jeremiah  Bishop,  John  Lull,  .timathan  Bnrk,  Charles  Killam  Jmiior.  Zedekiah  Stone,  Caleb  Benjamin,  Benjamin  Wuite, 
Samuel  Stone, Ebene/.er  Curtis,  Peter  Leavens,  Elislia  Hubbard,  Moses  Evans,  Ueuben  Deane,  Watt  Hubbard,  Matthew  Hum- 
moiid,  Elnathan  Stnm^,  David  Stone.  William  Suieeil  Junior,  Jaeob  Gatoliell,  Sol;  Emmons,  Benjamin  Bisliop,  Elisliu  Halley, 
Franeis  Fenton,  Timothy  Bush.  Dole  Jolinson,  Tlios  Siimnor.  John  Peters,  Thomas  Ciiamberlin,  Josepli  While,  Jolm  Taplin, 
Manstlold  Taplin.  William  Taplin,  Eliliu  Johnson,  Petaliack  Bliss,  John  Beard,  Nathaniel  Chnmberlin,  Uriah  Chumberlin, 
Jaeob  Bayley,  Fry  Bayley,  Epbraim  Bayley,  Joshua  Bayley,  J.icob  Bayley  Junr,  Aaron  Horsmer,  Benjamin  Mnzey,  Daniel 
Hunt,  Jonathan  Farewell",  John  Goodwin,"  Aslier  Chaiiiberlin,  Moses  Thurston.  Thomas  Hibbard.  SnniU  Hall,  'jomitlian 
Goodwin,  Abncr  Fowler,  Stephen  Rider,  Edniond  Brown,  Welbe  Butterfleld,  John  Skeels.  Samuel  Hadley,  Josiali 
Burnham,  William  Johnson,  David  Weeks,  Nathaniel  Rix,  Oliver  Willard,  Zadock  WriRliI,  Franeis  Wriptlit,  Jolm  ileseltiiie, 
John  Sanbonn,  Timothy  Be<iell.  Peter  Powers,  Thomas  Brock,  David  Swaine,  James  Abbot.  Jonathnn  Fowler.  Levi  Silvester 
Junr,  Er:  Chamborlin,  Pelatiah  Bliss,  Uiehard  Ciiamberlin,  Beu:  Cli:imbcrlin,  Silas  Chamberliu,  Hichard  Chamberlin  Junr, 
Joseph  Chamberlin.  Thomas  Johnson,  (iideon  Smith,  Levi  Silvester,  Jacob  Fowler,  Nehli  Lovewell,  Jolm  Nnlliii!i,  E/.ekii'l 
Colby,  John  Orman,  Kobt  Johnson,  Samuel  Stevens,  Simeon  Stevens.  Moses  Hariman,  Jacob  Ken.  Samll  Eaton,  Ueniiid 
Cliamtx;rlin,  Robert  Hiinkin,  John  Hazeltine,  Enoch  Brown,  John  Mills,  John  Mills  Junr.  Aimer  Fowler  Junr,  Abiel 
Chamberlin,  Amos  Barril,  Silvcnus  Heath,  John  Taplin  Juner,  John  Lawyer  Junr,  Hngh  Miller.  Samuel  Barnet,  Raniiul 
Barnet  Junor,  Enos  Sawyer,  Bonn  Sawyer  Junr,  Jacob  Fowler,  John  Brown,  Honrv  Moore,  Hayns  Johnson,  Stephen  McConnell, 
Benoni  Wright,  Hezekiah  Silaway,  Obediah   Davis,  Robert  Barnet,  Jesse  McFarland,  Samll  Gait,  Jainea  Aiken,  Joseph 


II 


BOO 


OOMTMVCMV    RUriCCTINU   THE   MEW   HAMnillEE   ORANTE. 


County  of  Ciinibt'ilnml  »s:  Bo  it  Keniemliered  that  on  tnoTwfnfy  Sixth  Dny  of  Jmiimry  ono 
thousand  seven  hiuuire*!  und  seventy  three  I'eisonally  came  and  appt-ated  Iwfore  me  Saniiicl  Wells 
Esquira  one  of  the  Jiulg(>s  of  tiif  Inferior  Court  of  Conunou  Pleas  and  one  of  ids  Majesty's  Justices  of 
tlie  Peace,  for  tlie  same  County,  Israel  Curtis,  Esquire,  and  Maiichi  Cluirch  Yeomiin,  Itoth  of  y« 
same  County,  wlio  being  didy  sworn  on  tlie  Holy  Evangelists  of  Alndglity  G<h1  depose  and  say 
that  they  were  severally  present  and  «lld  see  the  several  persons  whose  names  are  sifrned  to  the 
annexed  Petition  to  his  most  Excellent  Majesty  and  tlie  Duplicate  tliereof  respectively  sign  their 
names  thereto  volimtarily  and  of  their  free  accord,  and  that  the  Several  Persons  who  have  so  signed 
the  same  are  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Cund)erlMnd  or  of  the  County  of  Gloucester  on  the  West 
Side  of  Connecticut  River  within  the  Province  of  New  York. 

Saml  Wells. 

Secretary's  Office  New  York  B""  February  1773.  The  Preceedlng  are  true  copies  of  their  res- 
pective originals. 

Attest  Gw.  Banyar  D  Secry 


'.ill 


DEPOSITION  OF  COL.  DAVID   BOOSTER. 

City  of  New  York,  ss.  David  Woostkr,  of  New  Haven,  in  the  Colony  of  Connecticut,  Esquire, 
being  a  Captain  on  Half-pay,  reduced  from  hla  Majesty's  Fifty-first  Regiment  of  Foot,  being 
duly  sworn,  maketh  oath,  tliat  as  a  reduced  olTicer  as  albresaid,  he  obtained  pursuant  to  his 
Majesty's  Proclamation  for  that  Purpose,  a  Grant  under  tlie  Great  Seal  of  the  Province  of  New- 
York,  for  three  thousand  acres  of  Land,  on  the  East  Banks  of  Lake  Champlain,  within  a  Mile  and 
a  Quarter  of  the  Fort  there,  that  about  five  years  since,  and  after  the  Deponent  had  obtaineil  the 
said  Grant,  on  visiting  those  Lands  he  found  five  Families  which  had  then  lately  settled,  some  of 
whom  pretended  to  have  a  Claim  there  under  a  Grant  from  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire,  and 
some  of  them  pretending  no  Right  at  all,  promised  tlie  Deponent  immediately  to  leave  the  said 
Lands ;  the  others  this  Deponent  then  served  Ejectments  on,  tvliich  issued  out  of  the  Inferior 
Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  the  County  of  Albany,  whereupon  they  also  submitted,  and  desired  the 
Deponent  to  give  them  Leases  of  Part  of  the  said  Lands,  which  this  Deponent  consented  to,  gave 
them  Permission  to  remain  on  the  Lands,  acknowledging  him  to  be  their  Landlord,  until  it  was 
convenient  for  him  to  return  and  give  them  leases  in  Form  ;  that  ibr  some  Time  past  there  has 
prevailed  in  that  part  of  the  Country,  a  Spirit  of  Disorder  and  Licentiousness  in  Opposition  to  the 
Justice  of  this  Province,  among  numbers  of  People  who  have  seated  themselves  on  the  Lands 
granted  by  the  Province  of  New  York,  to  the  reduced  officers  and  others,  some  claiming  the  same 
Lands  under  New  Ilampsliire,  and  others  without  any  such  Pretence  of  Claim,  wljo  are  sujjported 
in  such  their  Proceedings  by  a  Combination  formed  for  the  support  of  themselves,  and  every 
Person  indiscriminately  who  will  settle  any  of  those  Lands  in  Opposition  to  the  Titles  granted 


OONTROVKHMV    HUtfk.CTINU    TIIK    NEW    IIAMfNIIIRK    OMANn. 


•M 


under  tlie  Finvinc«  of  Ne  s  York,  aiut  for  th«  Prevention  nf  any  Scttlt'iuentt  to  \w  made  in  tliat 
Part  'if  the  Proving'  of  New  Yurie  uiuler  Letters  I'uteiit  grunted  in  the  Raid  Province  :  That  for 
tills  Piui  ^e  tliey  luiw  ((irmed  thenistlves  Into  small  Companhs,  unih-r  hemlers,  whom  they  call 
Captains,  wlio  rreijiiently  nialce  L'x>'iu>ioiis  in  that  Country  for  Discovery  of  Settlers  under  his 
Majestyg  Grants  issued  luuier  his  Great  St.tl  of  New  York,  and  to  dispossess  sueh  Settlers:  That 
tids  Deponent  linving  heard  that  several  new  Intruders  had  got  upon  Ids  Lands  ahovc  mentioned, 
und  that  they  as  well  as  the  former  Setilerii  thet'i>  Imd  deejured  tliey  would  liold  tlie  Deponent's  said 
Lands  fronj  him  hy  Force  of  Arms,  This  Deponent  iu  tiie  Moutli  of  Septemlier  last  \islte<l  his  said 
Lands,  In  order  to  secure  his  said  Property,  and  to  give  the  said  Settlers  thereon  Leases,  If  they  wouKl 
accept  of  the  same,  carrying  up  with  idm  Deelnrations  iu  Kjeetment  to  serve  on  ti)em  if  he  should 
find  tlie  same  necessary.  Tliat  upon  tlie  Deponent's  Arrival  at  his  said  Lands,  tlie  settlers  tliereou 
and  the  others,  collected  together  in  a  Boily  ahoJit  thirteen  iu  Number,  when  the  Deponent  olliretl 
those  who  had  settled  on  Ids  Lands,  Fienses,  widcli  they  al)Solutely  refused  to  accept  upon  any 
Terms  whatsoever,  but  declared  they  would  support  theniselves  there  hy  Force  of  Arms,  and 
tliut  they  would  spill  their  Blood  before  tliey  would  leave  the  said  Lands  ;  whereupon  the  Depontnt 
proceeded  to  serve  two  Declarations  of  f'jectiuent  on  two  principal  Hing-leaders,  anil  thereupon 
some  of  their  Party  presented  their  Firelocks  at  tlie  Deponent,  declaring  it  should  be  Death  for 
any  Man  that  served  a  Declaration  of  Kjectment  there,  but  the  Deponent  being  well  armed  uifh 
Pistols  proceeded  to  serve  the  said  Ejectments,  notwithstanding  they  continued  their  Fiie|ocl;8 
presented  against  him  during  tlu?  whole  Time,  that  after  the  Deponent  had  served  the  salil  Kjtct- 
ments,  they  declared  with  one  Voice  that  they  woidd  not  attend  any  Court  in  the  Province  of  New 
York,  nor  would  be  concluded  by  any  Law  of  New  York  respecting  tiielr  Lands,  and  asked  the  Depo- 
nent how  he  would  get  Possession  after  he  had  got  Judgments  against  tlieni,  who  replied  lie  should 
bring  tlie  High  Sherif  to  jait  him  in  Possession,  to  wiiich  they  replied  they  would  sutler  no  Sherlif  to 
come  upon  the  Ground,  to  whicl\  the  Deponent  replied,  that  if  they  resisted  the  Civil  Olllcer,  lie 
•would  apply  for  the  Assistance  of  the  Regular  Troops  which  were  hard  by,  as  it  was  tlieir  Duty 
to  assist  the  Civil  authority,  and  that  It  was  High  Treason  for  them  to  ftre  on  his  Majesty's  Troops,  to 
which  they  answered  that  if  his  Majesty's  Troops  came  to  assist  the  Civil  Officer  to  j)ut  any  Man 
in  Possession  there,  they  should  have  hundreds  of  Guns  fired  at  them,  and  that  they  further  said,  it 
was  the  universal  Agreement  of  the  People  in  that  Country,  as  the  Deponent  understood  iu  Its  whole 
Extent  from  North  to  South,  to  defend  themselves  by  Force  of  Arms,  in  opposition  to  every 
attempt  In  support  of  the  Titles  to  Lands  there  under  tlie  Province  of  New  York,  and  that  they  could 
raise  Multitudes  of  Men  for  that  Purpose,  sometimes  mentioning  a  thousand,  sometimes  two  thousand, 
and  sometimes  five  hundred  Men  ;  That  notwithstanding  their  Declarations  and  Menaces ;  tliis 
Deponent  is  fully  satisfied,  that  he  could  reduce  them  to  due  Order  all  over  the  Country  with  fifty 
Men,  and  this  Deponent  further  saith,  that  one  of  the  Settlers  on  his  said  Land  expressing  a  Willing- 
ness to  submit,  and  to  take  a  Lease  from  this  Deponent,  was  threatened  by  the  rest  of  the  Company 
that  if  he  did,  or  acknowledged  this  Deponent  to  lie  his  Landlord,  his  House  should  be  burnt  over 
his  Head  before  the  next  Morning,  and  he  also  if  he  did  not  fly,  though  this  Deponent  declares  they 
acknowledged  they  had  no  Right  to  that  Part  of  the  Laud,  but  they  insisted  that  lio  Person  should 
hold  any  Land  there  under  any  New  York  Title. 

Sworn  this  20**'  Day  of  February,  1773.     Before  me.  David  Woosteh. 

Danii.i.  Horsmanufn. 

•,*  David  WoosTER,  who  signed  the  above  .nflliUivit,  was  .ifterwarils  Major  GciifrnI  in  tho  Uovolutiomiry  Wiir.  lie  wag 
born  in  1711 J  graduated  at  Tale  in  1738,  and  while  opposing  u  cUMachmcnt  of  British  troops,  whose  object  wnn  to  destroy 
the  pnWic  stores  Rt  Danhnry,  was  mortally  wounded  »t  Kidgfleld,  April  27,  and  died  May  2,  1777.     Amen. 


503 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


[Lond.  Doc.  XLIII.] 


Wliitcliall  lO'h  April,  1773,    No.  8. 


% 


ij  i 


Sir,  The  Loi-ds  of  Trade  huvina;  in  u  Report  to  tlie  l^urds  of  tlie  Coininittee  of  Council,  stated 
several  considerations  and  proiiusitioiis  respecting  the  claims  of  property,  and  possession  of  Lands 
lying  between  the  River  Connecticut  and  a  supposed  similar  curve  Line  at  the  distance  of  20 
miles  Irom  Hndsou's  River,  His  Maj''y  has  been  j)leased,  upon  a  Report  from  the  said  Committee, 
to  approve  the  several  propositions  recommended  by  tlie  Board  of  Trade,  and  I  have  received  his 
Maj''.v8  Conunands  to  give  such  directions  to  you  as  may  be  necessury  thereupon.  But  as  the  caiuying 
those  propositions  into  effect  depends  upon  the  consent  thereto  of  many  persons  having  dilferent 
interests  in  and  claims  to  the  Lands,  and  upon  tlieiracquiesence  therein,  and  as  tliere  are  I  conceive 
many  Facts  and  circumstajices  which  have  never  yet  been  stated,  tiiat  if  not  attended  to  may 
create  dilliculties  tliat  will  render  tiie  whole  plan  abortive,  I  tliink  it  lit,  before  I  transmit  to  you 
His  Maj'y  final  Instructions  upon  so  delicate  and  difficult  a  Matter,  to  state  to  yoii  what  those 
propositions  are,  aud  to  desire  your  full  and  candid  sentiments  thereupon. 

Tlie  objects  that  are  stated  to  deserve  attention  in  the  consideration  of  this  business  are  : — 

First,  tiiose  Townships  lying  in  this  district  between  the  River  Connecticut  and  the  Line  above- 
mentioned  wliich  were  originally  settled  and  established  under  Grants  from  the  Govern'  of  Massa- 
chusetts Bay  in  virtue  of  their  Ancient  Cliarter. 

Secondly,  Tiiose  Grants  of  Land  within  the  said  District  made  by  the  Govern'  ot  New  York  pre- 
vious to  the  Grants  made  by  the  Govern*  of  N.  Hampsliire. 

Tliirdly,  Tiiose  Grants  which  having  been  originally  made  by  the  Govern'  of  New  Hampshire, 
continue  in  tlie  same  state,  or  have  been  confirmed  by  Grants  from  New  York  as  also  those  Grants 
which  have  since  been  made  by  the  Govern'  of  New  York  of  Lands  not  witliin  the  limits  of  any  of 
the  Grants  abovementioned. 

On  tlie  ground  of  these  considerations  it  is  proposed:  that  all  claims  to  Lands  derived  from  the 
Grants  of  Townships  lieretofore  made  by  the  Province  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  should  be  established 
nnd  CDiifirmed,  and  the  present  proprietors  quieted  in  their  possessions  and  that  all  Grants  whatever 
made  by  the  Govern' of  New  York  within  tlie  limits  of  the  said  Townsliips  being  in  their  nature 
oppressive  and  unjust,  sliould  be  set  aside,  but  that  the  persons  claiming  possessions  under  those 
Grants  should  upon  condition  of  tlieir  quitting  such  claim,  receive  grants  under  the  seal  of  New 
York  upon  the  like  Term«  anil  Free  of  all  Expence,  of  an  equal  number  of  acres  in  some  otlier  part 
of  tlie  District  lying  between  the  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut,  And  that  in  cases  where  any 
actual  improvement  has  been  made,  the  possessor  sliould  receive  fifty  acres  of  waste  lands  for 
every  three  acres  tliat  have  been  so  improved. 

That  all  other  Grants  of  Lands  made  by  the  Govern'  of  New  York  within  the  district  before 
mentioned  antecedent  to  any  Grants  made  by  the  Govern'  of  New  Hampsliire,  be  confirmed, 
provided  it  shall  appear  that  possession  hath  been  taken  aud  improvement  made  thereon. 

That  all  Townships  laid  out  within  the  said  district,  eitlier  by  the  Govern irs  of  New  Hampsliire 
or  New  York,  and  which  do  not  include  Lands  within  the  Limits  of  some  antecedent  Giants,  be 
established  as  Townships,  according  to  tlie  limits  expressed  in  their  respective  Charters,  and  that 
all  persons  posessed  of  shares  in  those  Townships,  whether  as  original  Grantees  oi'  by  Inluiitance 
or  c.mveyance,  and  upon  which  shares  actual   settlement  and  Improvement  have  been   made,  be 


'! 


'-?•' 


OONTROVEBBY    RESPECTINQ    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANT8. 


503 


quieted  in  snch  possession,  without  being  bouud  io  any  other  condition  of  quit  rents  or  otherwise, 
than  what  is  contained  in  the  original  Grant. 

Tliat  some  short  and  effectual  mode  be  established,  by  act  of  Legislature  or  otherwise,  for 
ascertaining  by  the  Inquest  of  a  Jnry,  the  state  of  possession,  settlement  and  Improvement,  upon 
all  lands  wltliin  the  said  district,  claimed  under  grants  made  by  the  Govern"  of  New  Hampshire 
or  New  York,  and  that  all  such  Lands,  wliicli  shall  by  the  verdict  of  sucli  Jury  appear  never  to 
have  been  possessed  or  improved,  as  also  all  other  Lands,  which  liave  not  been  granted,  be 
disposed  of  in  such  manner  as  the  King  shall  think  fit  to  appoint  for  tlie  disposal  &  granting  of 
waste  lands,  witliin  the  Province  of  N.  York,  provision  having  been  first  made  for  an  equivalent 
to  sucli  of  the  Claimants  of  Land,  under  Grants  from  New  York  witliin  the  old  Massacliuset's 
Townslilps,  in  manner  as  before  directed,  and  also  for  making  good  to  the  Commissioned  and  non 
Commissioned  Officers  and  Soldiers,  tlie  amount  of  their  several  allotments,  under  sucli  warrants 
of  survey  as  they  may  liave  already  received,  in  consequence  of  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  1763. 

Tliese,  Sir,  are  in  general  the  Propositions  which  have  been  suggested  by  the  Board  of  Trade, 

and  approved  by  his  Majesty  in  Council,  and  it  will  be  a  great  pleasure  to  me  to  find  by  your  Report 

that  they  are  satisfactory  to  all  parties,  and  can  be  carried  into  execution  without  difficulty  or 

Discontent. 

I  am  ettc.  Dartmouth. 


MORE  RIOTS. 


Phillip  Nichols  of  Socialborough  in  the  County  of  Carlotte  in  the  Province  of  New  York  being 
of  Full  age  Deposeth  and  Saith. 

That  he  in  Company  with  his  brother  Purcliased  a  Tract  of  land  in  the  Township  of  Socialborough 
some  years  Past,  and  by  their  Industry  liave  cleared  and  Cultivated  such  a  Part  tliereof  as  would 
afford  them  a  Comfortable  Maintainance  could  tliey  Enjoy  it  Peaceably,  and  tlie  Deponent  fiirtiier 
saith,  as  he  was  Traveling  the  Koad  not  Far  from  his  Farm  in  the  month  of  April  last  Past,  where 
he  was  attacked  by  a  man,  one  of  those  that  call  themselves  the  Mob  and  with  a  Club  that  he  had 
in  his  liand  Beat  tlie  deponent  very  much  both  with  the  club  and  with  his  Fist,  soon  afterwards  one 
Silvinas  Brown  and  William  Post,  came  to  the  Deponent  when  lie  was  at  Woi*k  in  his  Field  and  Told 
the  Deponent  he  had  no  Business  there  and  that  he  should  not  work  there  no  more,  and  ordered  the 
deponent  to  pull  down  the  Fences  he  had  Put  up  with  these  and  sundry  other  threatens  (lie  Depo- 
nent left  the  Field  and  the  said  Brown  and  Post  went  to  Putting  down  the  Fences  and  laid  the  Field 
waste ;  soon  afterwards  the  said  Brown,  Post  and  one  Michael  Whitney  Took  Possession  of  the 
Deponants  Farm  and  will  not  suffer  the  Deponant  to  go  on  it,  being  Deprived  of  Benefit  of  the 
law  in  this  Part  of  the  Country  the  Deponant  is  obliged  to  Work  by  days  Work  to  Get  his  Bread 

and  Further  Saith  not. 

Philip  Nichols. 
Charlotte  County  ss.     Personally  came  before  me  the  above 
Subscriber  Phillip  Nic'.iols  and  made  solemn  oath  to  the 
Truth  of  the  above  Deposition.     Before 

Benja.  Si'kncer  Jus=«  Peace. 
In  Council  April  28  1773.    Mr.  Chiet  Justice  Horsmandeu  ordered  to  issue  his  warrant  for  the 
arrest  of  the  above  rioters. 


!:,) 


4 


ji'! 

!.  ■  1 

•     11 


!'i 


u\  \ 


'  I 


Hi  -p 


IS 


^n  \  I 


I' 


Hi 


hi 


504 


OONTJLOVSaSV    RKIIVGTINO   THE   MEW    HAMPSHIEE  etUlTBI 


m 


;|m 


ii 


.'■    ! 


GOV.  TRYON  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH. 

[Lond.  Doo.  XLIII.] 

New  York  July  1"  1773. 

My  Lord.  The  confidence  with  wliich  your  Lord?  is  pleased  to  honor  me  in  your  dispatcli  N°  8, 
fts  it  is  a  ju-oof  of  your  lUvourable  opinion  calls  tor  my  gratitude.  However  difficult  and  delicate  the 
task,  I  should  be  wanting  in  duty  to  my  Sovereign,  and  respect  to  your  Lordp  il'  1  did  not 
readily  obey  your  commands  by  communicating  without  reserve,  my  candid  and  undisguised  senti- 
ments on  so  interesting  a  subject.  Tills  appears  to  me  tlie  more  necessary,  as  your  Lordi'  seems  to 
be  apprehensive,  with  good  reason,  that  tjiere  are  facts  and  circumstances  unstated,  tlie  knowledge 
of  wliicli  may  be  found  essential  to  any  plan  for  reestablishing  the  public  tranquility  to  a  province 
unfortunately  involved  in  disputes  with  several  of  tlie  neighbouring  govern'*. 

Your  Lordp  is  already  apprised  tliat  tlie  measures  recommended  by  the  Lords  of  Trade  cannot  be 
carried  into  execution  without  the  authority  of  tlie  Legislature,  and  you  will  permit  me  frankly  to 
declare  tliat  I  tliink,  I  cannot  flatter  myself  witli  tiie  slightest  hope  of  procuring  the  concurrence 
of  the  Assembly  of  tliis  Prov'^'^  in  a  scheme  so  repugnant  to  tiie  claims  of  persons  who  from 
tlieir  numbers  and  connections  have  a  very  powerful  influence  in  the  Colony. 

VVitli  respect  to  tiiat  part  of  it,  whicli  concerns  the  Land  in  controversy  between  this  Province 
and  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  I  foresee  no  great  difficulties  j  for  the  late  agreement  at  Hartford  I 
believe  will,  if  it  receives  the  Royal  approbation,  happily  terminate  these  disputes,  whetlier  they 
regard  private  property  or  public  Jurisdiction. 

There  are  four  Tracts  of  Land  affected  by  that  Partition,  the  Manor  of  Renselaerwyck  granted 
in  1685,  the  Manor  of  Livingston  in  1680,  the  Patent  of  Hosick  in  1688,  and  the  Patent  of 
Westenhook  in  1708,  and  I  do  not  learn  there  are  any  possessions  under  either  of  them  totiic  East- 
ward of  the  line  agreed  upon  by  Commissaries. 

As  these  Grants  are  very  extensive  and  valuable  on  the  western  side  of  the  Line  and  charged  with 
trifling  rents  and  reservations,  I  have  no  reason  to  imagine  the  New  York  Patentees  will  either  set  up 
tlieir  claim  in  the  Massachusetts  Courts,  or  seek  for  a  compensation  out  of  any  other  of  the  waste 
lands  that  belong  to  the  Crown. 

It  is  also  very  improbable  on  the  other  hand,  that  these  N.  York  proprietors  will  meet  with 
any  further  trouble  from  the  Massachusett's  Claimants,  whose  titles  and  possessions  on  the  West 
side  of  tlie  line  are  modern,  and  whose  losses  can  be  abundantly  recompensed  by  the  Govern'  under 
which  tiiey  settled,  out  of  the  vacant  lands  of  Sagadahock  wliicli  are  comprehended  within  the 
Charter. 

In  the  list  of  claimants  under  the  Massachusetts  Bay,  I  do  not  reckon  those  wliose  lands  were 
discovered  to  be  on  the  Nortli  side,  which  was  adjudged  on  the  settlement  of  t!ie  controversy 
between  that  Prov":*  &  New  Hampshire  in  1739,  to  be  the  North  boundary  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay. 
These  compose  tlie  Townships  of  Brattleborougli  and  Putney,  and  that  part  of  Hinsdale,  whicli  was 
granted  to  Coll :  Howard,  tiie  first  settlers  of  which,  upon  that  determination  all  ac<iuired  new 
Patents  »mder  New  Hampshire,  esteeming  tlie  Massachusett's  title  a  meer  nullity,  and  tliose  Patents  to 
have  issued  through  mistake.  Besides,  My  Lord,  as  to  Brattleborougli  and  Putney,  they  are  both 
confirmed  under  New  York,  and  so  Hinsdale  might  have  been,  if  the  occupants,  eitiier  from  an 
unwillingness  to  pay  tlie  quit  rent,  or  a  slight  of  their  Interest,  had  not  neglected  to  make  them- 
selves and  their  case  known  to  this  Govern',  until  a  part  of  their  Township  was  granted  to  Coll  : 


I 


C0NTK0VKR8Y    RKSPECTINQ    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


505 


Howard,  who  brouf^ht  over  the  Royal  order  for  a  cfrant  of  Ten  thousand  acres,  and  agreeable  to  the 
privileges  given  hiiu  in  the  Mandamus  made  liis  Election  of  that  spot. 

To  me  tlierefore  it  appears  clear,  tliat  no  peison  can  justly  avail  himself  of  a  Massachnsets 
title  out  of  the  line  assigned  for  its  Nortli  Boinidary  In  1739,  and  I  submit  it  therefore  to 
your  Lordp  whether  it  will  not  be  inexpedient  to  excite  applications  to  the  Crown  fur  coirpen- 
sations  ;  and  to  guard  ag"  frauds,  I  must  observe,  that  as  some  of  the  New  York  Patents  extend 
several  miles  beyond  the  partition  agreed  to  at  Hartford,  an  ill  use  may  be  made  of  the  geiiemsily 
of  the  Plan  by  a  concert  between  tlio  New  York  I'afentces,  and  the  Massaclmsett's  Possessors  to 
set  up  a  very  extravagant  demand  of  filry  acres  for  every  thrpe  that  are  improved  by  tlie  latter, 
beyond  tlie  partition,  and  within  the  letter  of  the  New  York  Patents,  the  Proprietors  of  wliicli 
have  made  no  improvements  there,  as  I  have  already  observed,  and  who,  (the  extent  of  their  Grants 
remaining  out  of  controversy  considered  witli  the  smallness  of  the  rents  tliey  ai'e  cliargeable  with) 
ought  to  be  content,  though  they  should  receive  no  allowance. 

But  the  chief  objection  that  will  be  raised  against  any  Law  grounded  upon  the  plan  proposed 
by  the  Lords  of  Trade  will  relate  to  the  second  and  third  articles  of  it,  which  respect  the  dispo- 
sition of  the  Country  to  the  Northward  of  tlie  Massaclmsett's  Bay. 

I  presume  that  their  Lordpp"  were  not  aware  that  the  curve  line  they  propose  for  the  western 
side  of  that  immense  Tract  which  is  the  object  of  their  Report,  will  ruu  to  the  Westward  of  Lake 
Champlain,  before  it  reaches  the  Northern  extent  of  this  Prov««  in  the  latitude  of  45°  But  this. 
My  Lord,  will  be  the  Fact,  for  tho'  the  course  of  the  River  from  Albany  is  Northerly  to  about  3 
miles  to  the  North  of  Fort  Edward,  yet  it  then  takes  a  turn  for  several  miles  to  the  Southward 
of  west,  and  then  again  a  Northerly  direction  as  far  as  it  has  been  explored,  many  miles  to  the 
westward  of  the  Lakes  George  and  Champlain.  And  as  the  River  Connecticut  on  the  other  side, 
tends  so  far  to  the  Eastward  of  the  North  as  at  the  45"'  degree  of  latitude  to  be  ninety  one  miles 
from  Lake  Champlain,  your  Lord?  will  perceive,  that  the  Report  of  the  Board  of  Trade  musteifecta 
great  number  of  Patents  Granted  under  this  Govern',  and  give  a  preference  to  the  New  Hampshire 
Claims  home  to  the  waters  of  Lake  Cliamplain,  and  to  lands  three  times  as  far  west  as  the  Curve  line 
would  leave  to  the  Massaclmsett's  Bay,  where  the  intermediate  distance  between  such  curved  line 
and  the  Connecticut  River,  does  not  exceed  thirty  miles ;  tlie  Rivers  Hudson  and  Connecticut 
being  there  not  more  than  fifty  miles  apart,  ond  were  probably  thought  to  keep  that  distance  wliea 
the  Lords  of  Trade  first  conceived  the  idea  of  countenancing  an  extent  of  the  N.  England  claims  to 
a  line  so  far  west  as  to  twenty  miles  from  Hudson's  River. 

The  Patents  under  N.  York  within  the  district  distinguished  by  the  Report  are  very  numerouse, 
and  contain  many  hundred  thousand  acres.  An<l  as  they  now  belong  to  an  infinity  of  persons, 
in  and  out  of  theProv^,  &  valuable  considerations  hiu  e  been  paid  by  the  original  proprietors,  never 
to  bej-ecovered  back  on  account  of  the  changes  which  time  has  made  in  their  circumstances  & 
situations,  how  is  it  possible.  My  Lord,  to  frame  any  Law  lor  the  distribution  of  justice  to  the  present 
claimants']  or  what  prospect  is  tliere  that  such  a  number  of  persons,  of  all  Ranks,  Civil  and 
Military,  can  be  brought  to  submit  to  any  project  to  diminish  Estates  that  are  held  under  the  Royal 
Grants — that  were  bought  for  large  siuns,  and  some  of  which  have  been  improved  &  maintained  at 
a  still  greater  expence  ]  Indeed,  My  Lord,  the  task  would  be  a  very  difficult  one,  if  we  had  only  to 
deal  with  the  first  Patentees,  but  it  has  become  unspeakeably  more  arduous  and  delicate,  as  these 
lands  are  now  claimed  by  creditors  and  bona  tide  purchasers,  under  all  the  modes  of  alienation,  as 
well  as  by  the  original  proprietors  and  their  Heirs. 

And  that  your  Lordp  may  more  fully  comprehend  the  reasons  that  induce  me  utterly  to  despair 


i! 
1   ' 


!     51 


,  ;l 


.  t 

if 


Vol.  IV. 


6+ 


B06 


OONTROVEMY   RSmCTING    THE   NKW   HAMMHIRS   ORAMTS. 


\fi 


of  the  c<M)peration  of  the  Assembly,  I  beg  leave  to  particularize  a  few  of  the  many  obstacles 
to  the  proposed  act,  tliat  rise  to  my  view  : 

First — Loud  Complaints  will  be  made  of  the  Crown's  reseizing  of  unimproved  lands  by  those  who 
have  had  New  York  Patents  since  the  Royal  decision  in  1764  for  Tracts  not  before  granted  by  N. 
Hampshire.  For  these  Proprietors  will  insist  that  no  advantage  can  equitably  be  taken  of  tlieir 
unsettled  Parcels,  since  the  non  improvements  are  to  be  imputed  to  the  violence  &  power  of  the 
general  opposition  of  the  N.  Hampshire  Planters  in  the  vicinity — and  the  justice  of  their  claims 
to  an  exemption  from  the  forfeiture  seems  to  be  strongly  inforced  by  the  neglect  of  Government 
to  aid  them  in  repelling  this  violence^  wliich  it  must  be  confessed,  they  liave  repeatedly  implored  as 
essential  to  their  deriving  any  benefit  from  their  grants ;  and 

Secondly;  and  even  as  to  such  of  the  New  York  Patentees  whose  claims  interfere  with  prior 
Grants  under  N.  Hampshire ;  they  too  indulge  an  unshaken  confidence  in  their  Titles,  and  are 
encouraged  in  it  by  the  common  suffrage  of  the  Colony — May  I  not  be  permitted  to  say  more? 

The  two  Provinces  contending  about  this  partition,  it  was  referred  to  the  decision  of  the  Crown. 
The  King  was  pleased  in  1764  to  declare  the  west  Banks  of  Connecticut  River  to  be  tlie  Eastern 
Boundary  of  New  York,  and  this  considered  with  reference  to  the  Grant  of  the  Province  to  the  Duke 
of  York  in  1664,  which  conveyed  to  his  Royal  Highness  all  the  Lands  from  tlie  head  of  Connecticut 
to  Delaware,  together  with  the  wliole  of  the  River  Hudson,  which  is  between  them,  wliat  room  was 
tliere  for  questioning  the  Right  of  tliis  Colony  to  issue  Patents  for  those  lands?  And  being  issued, 
the  Patentees  will  most  assuredly  assert  and  maintain  their  Title  in  all  the  Forms  in  wliicli  they 
can  be  justified  by  tlie  Law  of  that  Land. 

Thirdly;  there  are  fifteen  Townships  granted  by  New  Hampshire,  and  which  have  lieen  confirmed 
by  N.  York.  These  proprietors,  who  above  all  tilings,  have  avoided  to  give  umbrage  to  Govern',  or 
disturb  the  tranquility  in  both  Provinces,  must  surely  be  entitled  to  special  indulgencies;  but  tliro' 
the  troubled  State  of  the  Country,  great  Part  of  these  Townships  remain  still  unimproved,  and  their 
case  will  be  thought  singularly  hard,  if  tliey  are  to  loose  the  unsettled  parcels. 

Fourthly;  difl5culties  will  also  attend  the  provision  that  is  to  be  made  for  tlie  Officers  and  Soldiers, 
who  are  the  objects  of  the  Royal  promise  in  the  Proclani'"  of  the  7"'  Octob'  1763 — I  cannot  compre- 
hend in  what  way  the  value  of  their  lands  and  improvements  is  to  be  adjusted  witiiout  expence  to 
themselves;  nor  by  wliat  arguments  they  can  ever  be  persuaded  to  dismiss  tlieir  claims  until  tliey 
are  actually  vested  with  the  equivalents.  Besides  many  of  these  Military  Grants  are  now  owned  liy 
other  persons  wlio  have  paid  for  tlieir  possessions  and  will  never  become  volunteers  in  the  cession  in 
the  expectation  of  other  Tracts,  while  there  is  reason  to  apprehend,  that  the  residue  of  the  Land 
in  the  district,  out  of  which  they  are  to  he  satisfied,  (free  from  claims)  is  not  of  sufficient  value,  its 
remoteness  and  quality  considered  to  eompensate  for  the  surrender  of  what  they  hold  by  their 
Patents. 

Fifthly  ;  how.  My  Lord,  can  the  State  of  the  possessions,  and  improvements  which  are  to  remain 
to  the  Patentees  be  settled  by  Inquests  in  so  extensive  a  Woodland  Country  will  not  the  partinl 
prejudices  that  prevail  in  the  respective  Provinces  of  New  York  and  N.  Hampshire  exclude  the 
Inhabitants  of  both  as  Incompetent  Tryers  ?  and  by  whom  is  the  expence  to  be  sustained  I  This 
will  be  considerable,  for  disinterested  and  fiiir  Jnrois,  must  be  brought  from  distant  places.  I  shall 
only  add.  My  Lord, 

Sixthly  :.that  scarce  any  measure  can  raise  a  more  general  discontent  in  this  Colony,  than  a  Law 
to  vacate  Patents  for  nonsettlement — those  of  which  the  advantage  might  be  taken  are  many,  and 
the  dre&d  of  a  precedent  of  this  kind  will  unite  all  the  Landholders  to  oppose  a  project  so  alarming 
to  their  Interest  I  will  not  presume  to  say,  there  is  no  instance,  in  whicli  the  avarice  of  a  Patentee 


UONTROVEBBT   RESPECTING    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIBE  ORAMTS. 


Wl 


ought  not  to  expose  him  to  the  forfeiture  on  the  condition  for  settlement ;  But  I  must  nevertheless 
observe  to  your  Lord"*  tliat  some  of  these  patentees,  plead  in  excuse  that  their  improvements  have  been 
obstructed  by  the  Incui-sions  of  the  Savages,  or  by  the  dispute  with  the  neighboring  Colonies,  and 
that  it  the  general  opinion,  tliat  the  Prov<"  is  improved  according  to  its  Population,  and  that  tha 
Burtlien  of  tlie  Qiiit  Rents,  is  sufficient  spur  to  sales  and  cultivation. 

I  should  be  happy.  My  Lord,  after  shewing  the  improbability  of  executing  the  plan  proposed  by 
the  Lords  of  Trade  if  I  may  be  able  to  suggest  any  other  in  its  place  to  answer  their  Lord'** 
benevolent  designs  of  appeasing  these  animosities,  wliich  have  given  so  much  trouble  to  theadmin- 
iSitration,  &  daily  afford  new  ground  for  serious  apprehension. 

In  contemplating  the  state  of  this  Country,  it  is  material  to  oliserve  ;  that  there  are  one  hundred 
and  fourteen  Townships  of  Six  miles  square  granted  by  New  Hampshire  ,  besides  those  fifteen  which 
have  been  confirmed  by  New  York  ;  that  the  Patents  under  this  Prov<=e  to  officers  and  soldiers, 
&  otliers  included  about  six  hundred  thousand  acres  ;  that  many  of  those  grants  interfere,  and  that 
it  is  almost  impossible  to  ascertain  what  part  of  any  N.  Hampshire  Patent  is  included  in  the  Grants 
under  N.  York,  for  as  N.  Hampshire  proceeded  with  preciptancy  and  without  previous  Surveys  to 
seize  a  priority  of  possession,  and  thereby  countenance  tlieir  Claim,  tliere  is  the  utmost  uncertainty 
in  tlie  description  and  bounds  of  these  Grants ;  and  it  is  more  than  probable  that  they  would  be 
found  upon  a  survey  to  interlock  witli  each  other  or  spread  beyond  the  breadtli  of  the  Country  in 
which  they  are  supposed  to  be  contained. 

That  tliese  Cliarters,  grant  priviledges  conformable  to  the  popular  Bias  of  the  New  England 
Colonies 

Tliat  the  Eastern  part  of  this  Country,  compreliend  [ed  |  in  our  New  Counties  of  Cumberland  and 
Gloucester,  pay  a  cheerful  submission  to  this  Govern^  and  that  none  of  the  Inhabitants  even  on  the 
most  westerly  Parts  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and  Cliarlotte,  where  the  New  York  Patents  chiefly 
clash  with  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  are  desirous  of  a  change  of  Jursdiction  for  any  other  reason, 
than  because  they  conceive  hopes  of  a  support  of  their  Charters  and  claims  by  the  Juries  and 
Courts  of  Law  in  that  Province. 

Wlience  it  results,  and  more  especially  as  the  malady  consists  in  the  double  Grant  of  the  same 
lands  to  different  persons  that  independent  of  the  original  right  of  tliis  Province  and  the  Royal 
decision  in  1764,  there  are  the  most  cogent  reasons  for  continuing  under  the  Govern'  of  New  York 
and  suffering  the  doctrine  to  pevail,  tliat  all  the  grants  within  it  under  the  seal  of  N.  Hampshire 
are  void. 

I  feel  theretbre  a  very  sensible  pleasure  in  the  reflection  that  I  need  be  at  no  pains  to  assign 
any  reasons  to  your  Lordp  against  a  Recision  of  the  declaration  of  July  1764,  for  I  collect  from 
your  Lordp's  correspondence  that  His  Majesty  has  no  intention  at  present  of  changing  the 
Jurisdiction. 

Your  LordP  has  doubtless  adverted  to  the  smallness  of  the  rent  reserved  to  the  Crown  by  these 
numerous  Charters  imder  N.  Hampshire;  and  it  is  ray  duty  to  observe,  that  there  is  more  than  ground 
tor  mere  conjecture,  that  they  would  under  that  Govern'  be  totally  lost.  Issued  as  they  were 
without  Surveys,  and  for  lands  described  without  accuracy,  and  often  clashing  with  each  other,  a 
handle  would  be  made  of  their  uncertainty  for  the  purpose  of  eluding  the  payment  and  performance 
of  the  quit  Rents  and  oonditions  by  a  spirit  of  litigation,  which  would  be  restless  and  active  in 
proportion  to  the  number  of  Planters  in  like  circumstances,  and  the  popular  aversion  to  all  verdicts 
in  favor  of  the  Crown. 

I  understand  it,  My  Lord,  to  be  a  question  of  Law  between  the  Patentees  of  both  Govern'*  whose 


ii    i 


HI 


ve8 


OOHTROVtMT   aESPECTING   THE  MEW   HAMPSHMS  GIUNTt. 


H 


ft 


is  the  best  title?  and  that  they  are  obstinate  in  ttieir  claims  it  mnst  receive  a  determination  in  the 
Courts  of  Justice.    Certainly,  both  Govern^  had  not  autliority  to  issue  grants  of  tlie  same  Lands. 

If  there  is  no  hope  of  a  decision  from  the  Legislative  autliority,  the  only  prospect  of  a  speedy 
restoration  of  the  common  tranquility,  mu.-t  depeiut  upon  Qoveru**  prevailing  with  one  or  other  of 
the  contending  parties,  to  make  voluntary  cession  of  tlioir  claims.  For  »"casons  to  be  mentioned  in 
tlie  sequel,  I  um  not  to  expect  that  the  N.  York  grantees  will  come  into  sucli  a  measure;  but  I  do 
not  despair  that  tlUs  event  may  be  effected  ojj  tiie  other  side,  if  the  present  opportunity  is  speedily 
embraced.  I  believe.  My  Lord,  tliat  the  claimants  untler  New  Hampshire  may  be  induced  to  tlirow 
up  tlieir  Ciiarters  upon  fenns 

Tiie  discontented  inhal)itants  of  Bennington  have  declared  their  readiness  to  submit  to  the 
Royal  opinion  in  tliis  controversy  iipon  an  apprehension,  tliat  it  must  one  day  come  before  His 
M.HJ'y  in  a  Coiut  of  Error.  The  point  they  hold  is,  tliat  the  onler  of  1764  settled  the  Jurisdiction 
only  from  that  time,  and  that  a  prior  grant  under  N.  Hauipshii'e  is  valid. 

As  these  are  the  most  tenacious  iisserters  of  that  Doctrine  and  Claim,  I  cannot  help  wishing  for 
some  new  declaration  of  liis  Maj')'«  mind  upon  tids  subject,  for  if  their  title  should  be  deemed  void, 
and  an  immediate  submission  take  place  in  tliis  quarter  it  will  doubtless  prevail  throughout  tlie 
whole  extent  of  tiie  controverted  Territory.  And  even  wyMU  the  suppi)sition  that  tliis  desirable 
end  sliould  require  compensations  from  equitable  considerations,  towiutls  the  N.  Hampshire  claimants 
yet  if  proper  distinctions  are  attended  to,  it  may  be  eflected  without  any  Tragical  consequences 
to  the  settlers  as  persons  at  a  distance  and  unacquainteil  with  their  real  state  and  condition  may 
iiiiHgiiie. 

In  prosecuting  the  subject  I  must  fli-st  take  notice  of  the  disparity  l)etween  the  N.  Hampshire 
patents  and  tliose  under  New  York.  The  solidity  of  the  latter  being  uncontroverted  in  this 
Colony,  and  especially  tliose  issued  alter  the  year  1761;  the  sales  of  them  commanded  high  prices, 
not  to  mention  tliat  these  patents  cost  very  considerable  sums  for  the  Surveys  and  Fees;  whereas 
tlie  suspicious  circumstances  attending  the  N.  Hampshii-e  Grants  rendered  them  proportionably 
cheap,  &  the  purchases  of  them  were  considered  rather  as  gtuning  adventures  than  certain  and 
substantial  acquisitions. 

And  among  these  New  Hampshire  Grants  we  carefully  distinguish  between  such  as  are  improved, 
and  those  which  Irom  the  little  value  set  upon  them,aw>  not  only  unsettled,  but  their  very  situation 
not  accurately  known,  except  in  their  relation  to  othej-s  upon  which  they  are  described  to  abutt,  and 
as  they  stand  ranged  upon  a  general  Plan  of  an  unsurveyed  Territory. 

Again,  My  Lord,  with  respect  to  the  Townships  which  have  the  name  of  being  settled,  even 
these  will  upon  examination  be  found  to  be  but  few,  and  the  iinprnvements  on  such  slight  esti- 
mation, that  compensating  them  for  their  losses  out  of  the  unsettled  Townships,  or  the  unpatented 
part  of  the  Country,  will  require  no  great  proportion  of  the  waste  lands  of  the  Crown. 

At  all  events,  these  waste  lands  alone  will  lie  more  than  sullicient  for  the  indempnity  of  all  such 
of  the  N.  Hampshire  Grants,  as  can  set  up  an  eciuitable  pi-etension  to  His  Majesty's  favourable  notice, 
especially  as  the  Crown  can  besides,  ease  the  Grantee  by  deterring  the  payment  as  well  as  reducing 
the  quantum  of  the  quit  Rents,  and  give  a  still  further  relief  by  c«)mnianding  that  the  New  Patents 
issue  upon  moderate  Fees  to  the  officers  of  the  Govern',  and  without  any  to  His  Governor,  if  this 
should  be  thought  reasonable. 

Your  Lordp  may  rest  assured  that  of  all  the  N.  Hampshire  Grants  interfering  with  Patents  under 
N.  York,  th''re  are  none  considerable  for  tlieir  improvements,  except  that  part  of  Hindsdale  which 
was  giaiited  under  tlie  Uuyall  Mandamus  to  Coll.  Howard,  and  the  Township  of  Bennington  and 
one  or  two  more  in  that  vicinity  ;  &  I  am  persuaded,  that  the  main  difficulty  will  lay  in  satisfying 


u 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


C09 


the  settlers  in  these  Townships,  and  that  His  Majesty's  Grace  to  the  otlier  N.  Hampshire  Grantees 
wiil  be  most  gratefully  accepted. 

To  guard  against  any  improper  advantage  that  may  be  taken  of  his  Mhj»5'«  instructions  in  favour 
of  possessions  and  improvements,  Terms  used  in  the  Report  of  tlie  Lords  of  Trade,  I  must  not 
omit  menticming  to  your  Lordp  that  witli  tlie  Inliabitants  of  America,  they  are  not  restrained  to 
Houses,  and  Barns  and  Lands  inclosed,  and  prepared  for  tlie  Scythe  and  Plougli,  but  applied  often 
to  a  Tract  of  girdled  Trees,  surrounded  by  dry  loose  brush,  and  a  square  Hutt,  made  of  unhewn  Logs, 
and  covered  with  Bark. 

I  am  sensible.  My  Lord,  that  agreeable  to  tliese  Hints,  the  peace  of  tlie  Prov<=«  is  to  be  purchased 
at  His  Maj»y'»  expence,  but  there  seems  to  be  an  inevital>le  necessity  for  the  sacrifice. 

If  it  be  thought  to  be  most  eligil)le  for  His  Mhj'v  to  take  tlie  work  into  liis  own  hands,  without 
tlie  Legislative  aid,  which,  I  fear,  cannot  be  liad  in  the  Colonies,  I  hope  your  Lordp  will  ])Hrdon 
my  importunity  in  repeating  the  intimation  that  its  success  will  depend  upon  tlie  proper  measures 
being  immediately  prosecuted.  The  parties  concerned,  who,  in  the  present  Infant  State  of  this  con- 
troversy, may  now  listen  to  the  Royal  Voice  and  overtures,  will  in  a  very  short  time,  look  only  to  tlie 
Law,  for  a  settlement  of  their  disputes,  and  when  strengthened  by  numbers,  impoverished  by  Law 
suits  and  animated  by  a  concourse  of  Banditti,  wliose  interest  it  is  to  flock  to  such  troubled 
quarters,  the  Law  itself  will  loose  the  authority,  and  the  whole  Country  become  a  scene  of  the 
wildest  confusion,  equally  destructive  to  the  felicity  of  the  subject,  and  the  interest  of  the  Crown. 

But  tlio'  I  conceive  the  restoration  of  the  common  tranquility,  practicable  with  some  liberality  to 
the  N.  Hampshire  Grantees,  yet  nothing  but  a  sense  of  duty  prompts  me  to  urge  it,  forseeing  as  I 
do,  that  in  the  execution  of  the  trust,  much  must  be  left  to  His  Maj'y'»  servants  in  this  Prov"*,  and 
that  the  jealousies  of  avarice  and  ignorance  of  the  Petitioning  Claimants  will  render  the  service 
neither  desirable  nor  easy. 

Before  I  conclude,  and  for  your  Lordp's  more  ready  comprehension  of  ray  idea  of  the  State  of 
the  Country  in  dispute,  the  condition  and  situation  of  the  Claimants,  and  what  general  principles 
will  best  suit  the  exigency  of  those  aflairs,  I  shall  with  the  utmost  deference  oifer  several  propositions 
for  your  Lordp's  attention,  to  which  I  confess  myself  a  Convert. 

That  some  more  easterly  line  be  substituted  instead  of  the  Curve  line  proposed  ;  be  it  a  con- 
tinuation of  the  line  agreed  upon  at  Hartlbrd,  or  tlie  western  lioundary  lines  of  the  Counties  of 
Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  dividing  them  from  Albany  and  Charlotte  as  established  by  an  Act 
of  our  last  Session  either  of  which  will  reduce  the  object  of  the  Report  from  that  degree  of  liberal- 
ity to  New  Ha  ipshire,  so  alarming  to  tlie  Proprietors  under  New  York. 

That  all  the  New  York  patents  within  this  Govern*  lie  declared  valid  whether  they  do  or  not  inter- 
fere with  prior  or  subsequent  Grants  under  N.  Hampshire. 

That  all  New  Hampshire  Patents  be  declar-^nl  \oid  being  destitute  of  Legal  foundation.  But  that 
all  occupants  under  New  Hampshire  Grants  not  covered  by  New  York  Patents,  may  have  confirm- 
ations of  their  Possessions  under  the  Great  seal  of  this  Prov^"  in  such  propositions,  and  upon  such 
terms  as  his  Majesty  shall  prescribe. 

Tliat  all  occupants  under  New  Hampshire  Titles,  and  within  New  York  Patents,  whether  the 
latter  be  prior  or  subsequent,  have  such  liberal  equivalents  out  of  the  waste  lands,  and  such  other 
liiiliilj;iiit'ts  h.v  a  suspension  of  Quit  Rents,  as  His  Majty  shall  think  equitable,  tlie  situation  of 
1   1  si'  seillcrs  being   the  eonsideialion  of  the  greatest  liardsliip  &  dithcultv. 

T  lai  all  persons  generally,  w'lio  shall  be  foinul  to  have  made  settlements  at  the  time  of  the  Royal 
onit  r  It )i  terminating  these  differences  be  considered  as  bona  fide  occupants,  it  being  conceived  to 


S.I 


"it 


'i     =1 


51U 


COMROVEIMV    Ht:ill>k:cl'lNU    THE   NEW   HAMI'llHIHK  UHAMTH. 


m 


m 

m 


be  impracticable  to  distinguish  tliem  according  to  the  different  periods  of  Settling ;  and  that  the 
settlers  would  not  accept  of  such  partial  tlio'  perhaps  equitable  distinctions. 

Tliat  a  time  be  limited  lor  all  occupants  to  make  their  ap])lications  to  (Jovern*,  and  in  failure  to 
be  excluded. 

That  the  terms  of  the  future  instructions  upon  this  subject  I)**,  us  much  as  possible,  absolute,  and 
unaccompanied  wltit  conditional  Clauses,  tliut  are  de[)endHnt  on  the  dilatory  declaration  or  tlie  con- 
sent of  tlie  interested  Parties. 

It  only  remains  to  say,  that  the  more  speedy  the  Royul  decision;  tiie  more  liberal  tlie  adopted 
principles,  the  greater  the  Bounty  to  tiiose  New  Hampshire  settlers  who  are  witiiin  the  N.  York 
Patents,  and  tlie  more  extensive  the  confidence  given  to  liis  Majesty's  servants  of  this  Government, 
the  more  readily  will  the  present  storm  be  dispersed,  and  a  lertile  Country  be  reduced  to  a  state  of 
cultivation  and  improvement. 

Notwithstanding  ail  this,  I  stand  ready  to  make  any  experiment  with  the  Assembly  which  your 
Lordship  shall  be  pleased  to  point  out.  I  am  to  request  in  the  mean  time  that  your  Lordp  will 
excuse  any  imperfections  in  these  sentiments  as  they  proceed  from  a  sincere  desire  to  give  you  all 
the  information  in  my  power  with  that  candour,  which  your  commands  and  the  confidence  you 
honour  me  witli,  call  for.  The  subject  being  unusually  delicate  and  Difficult,  I  have  made  the  proper 
enquiries  respecting  it,  but  in  the  use  I  have  made  of  the  information  procured,  I  have  preserved 
the  free  exercise  of  my  own  judgment,  and  tlie  whole  is  humbly  submitted  to  His  Majesty's  Great 
wisdom,  and  the  sagacity  of  his  ministers. 

I  am,  with  the  greatest  respect  and  esteem  My  Lord 

Your  Lordship's  most  obedient  servant  Wm  Tryoh. 


JAMES  HENDERSON  TO  MR.  MACKINTOSH. 

THE  MOB  DESTROY   COL.    REId's  SETTLEMENT    AT  OTTER  CREEK. 

D'  Sir  We  are  Sorry  To  Acquaint  you  that  Last  night  We  Were  over  Poured  By  more  Than  one 
Hundred  men  Then  it  was  Demanded  That  We  shoud  Emediatly  Turn  out  Which  We  Were  obliged 
To  Do(>,  other  Ways  have  all  our  Baggage  Comited  To  The  flames.  Our  Houses  are  all  Brunt  Doun. 
The  Grist  mill  Is  All  Put  Down,  The  Mill  Stones  Brock  and  Tlirons  in  To  The  Creick,  The  Corn 
is  all  Destroed  By  There  Horses,  and  When  it  Was  Proposed  That  We  Shou''  Build  houses  and  Keep 
Possion,  They  Tlireatned  To  Bind  some  of  us  To  a  Tree  and  Skin  us  Allive,  Therfore  We  think 
its  imposable  To  us  To  Live  hear  in  Peace,  Therefor  as  fast  as  Posable  you  most  Acquaint  The 
Colonel  of  tlie  Contents  and  see  What  Most  Be  Done,  it  is  imposable  that  We  Can  Stay  Long  hear  With 
such  Treatment.     This  is  all  from  your  Humble  Servant  James  Henderson 

Oter  Creek  August  12»h  1773. 

To  M'  Mackentosh  at  Crown  Point. 


ESQ.  MUNRO  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 


THE   MOB  AGAIN    BROKE  LOOSE. 

August  22''  1773. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency 

I  have  only  time  to  Inform  you  Excellency  that  the  Mob  has  broke  loose,  a  mesjienger  brought 

uie  word  this  minute  that  in  few  days  the  whole  of  my  property  would  be  burnt  to  aslies,  few 


CONTROVEMV   KUPECTINO   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE  OkAim. 


Ml 


nights  agoe  all  my  Pot  and  Pearl  ash  with  20  Barrels  of  Pot  k  Pearl  Ash  was  burnt  to  ashes,  in  the 
niglit  time  hut  how  it  happened  I  cannot  pretend  to  say,  last  night  one  of  the  Mob  was  taken 
by  a  Constable  for  Stealing  a  Horse,  but  the  ^i  escued  him  imediately  and  carryrd  him  to  Ben- 
nington.  I  pray  for  myself  and  the  few  Friends  to  Government  here  for  that  relief  and  Protec- 
tion which  an  English  Subject  is  Intitled,  to,  from  their  rage  &  indignation  of  such  a  Rioutous 
Mob,  before  tlie  Remains  of  my  Property  is  destroyed,  myself  to  Death  and  my  helpless  family  to 
ruin  and  want,  which  is  the  sincere  prayer  of 

Your  Excellencys  Dutfuil  Servant 

to  com*'  wlille 
Endorsed  1773  Sep>  80.    Read  in  Council.  John  Mvhro. 


MINUTE  IN  COUNCIL  CALLING  FOR  A  MILITARY  FORCE 

TO    PUT    DOWN   THE  BENNINGTON   MOU. 

In  Council  31  •<  August  1773 
His  Excellency  comnlunicated  to  the  Council  the  Petition  of  Lieutenant  Colonel  John  Reid  late 
of  his  Majesty's  forty  second  or  Royal  Highland  Regiment:  Also  the  Petition  of  Henry  Ertley, 
Godfried  Brooknian  and  Johannes  Snouse  with  sundry  affidavits  and  other  Papers  relative  to  several 
late  Riots  in  the  County  of  Charlotte,  committed  by  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Baker,  one  Allen, 
and  other  Persons  unknown,  in  which  they  destroyed  a  Grist  Mill,  the  property  of  Col  Reid,  burnt 
tlie  Houses  of  his  Tenants,  and  pulled  down  those  of  the  Petitioners  Brookman  and  Snouse,  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Otter  Creek,  and  his  Excellency  requiring  the  Advice  of  the  Board  thereupon. 

Tlie  Council  considering  the  Frequency  and  dangerous  Tendency  of  such  Disorders,  which 
have  hitherto  proved  beyond  the  Power  of  the  civil  Magistrates  to  suppress— That  nothing  less 
than  a  Military  Force  in  aid  of  the  civil  authority  can  restrain  and  put  a  stop  to  these  daring  outrages, 
and  that  such  assistance  is  become  absolutely  and  unavoidably  necessary  to  enforce  obedience  to 
the  Laws,  and  restore  Tranquility  in  that  part  of  the  Country;  are  therefore  unanimously  of  opinion, 
and  do  humbly  advise  his  Excellency,  to  request  the  Commander  in  Chief  of  his  Majesty's  Forces  to 
order  a  sufficient  number  of  Troops  to  occupy  the  Posts  of  Tionderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  the 
officers  commanding  them  to  give  such  aid  to  the  civil  Magistrate,  as  he  shall  from  Time  to 
Time  require  for  the  preservation  of  the  publick  Peace,  and  the  due  Execution  of  the  Laws. 


i    ] 


GENL  HALDIMAND  TO  GOV*  TRYON. 

r  Lend.  Doe.  XLIII.  ] 

New  York  Sept'  1"  1773. 

Sir,  I  have  just  received  the  honor  of  your  letter  of  this  day's  date,  with  the  minutes  of  Council 
therewith  sent,  on  which  I  beg  to  make  the  following  observations. 

That  in  the  present  circumstances  of  alfaiis  in  America,  it  appears  to  me  of  a  dangerous  ten- 
dency to  employ  regular  Troops,  where  tliere  are  Militia  Laws,  and  where  the  Civil  Magistrate 
can  at  any  time  call  upon  its  trained  Inhabitants  to  aid  and  assist  them  in  the  performance  of  their 


us 


OONTHOVEBBV    RESPECTINO    THE   NEW    UAMMUIBC  ORAMYH. 


OiBce,  and  the  execution  of  the  Laws  in  force  against  Rioters,  and  for  the  protection  of  the  llve^ 
and  properties  of  His  Miijestj's  subjects. 

Tiiat  tlie  idea,  thut  n  few  lawless  Tagubonds,  can  prevail  in  sucli  a  Govern*  as  titnt  of  New  York, 
88  to  oblige  its  Gov  toliave  recourse  to  the  liegulur  Troops  to  suppress  tliem,  appears  to  nie  to  carry 
witli  it  sucli  reflection  of  wealtness  as  I  am  allVaid  would  be  attended  witli  bad  consequence!),  and 
render  the  autliority  of  the  Civil  Magistrate  when  not  supported  by  tlie  Troops,  conteiiiptllilc  to 
tlie  Inhabitants. 

I  liave  furtlier  to  observe  tliat  Crown  Point,  being  entirely  destroyed  and  unprovided  for  tlie 
quartering  of  Troops  and  Tieonderoga  being  in  a  most  ruinous  state ;  such  Troojtsas  niiglit  l)e  sent 
tliitlier,  would  not  be  able  to  stay  a  sulBcient  time  at  tliose  posts  to  render  tliem  of  mucii  utility. 

If  l)owever  you  persist  in  your  request  and  think  it  absolutely  necessary  to  send  troops  tiiitiier,  I 
beg  to  know  the  number  of  Troops  you  will  tliink  necessary,  &  wlicn  tliey  may  lje  wanted.  You 
will  also  please  to  provide  for  tlie  expenses  tliat  may  attend  tlieir  transportation  ettc  to  tliese  Posts. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  witli  the  greatest 

esteem  and  respect.  Sir — ^your  etto 

Fred:  Haluimand. 


P 


ORDER  IN  COUNCIL  ON  GEN.  HALDIMAND'S  LETTER. 

In  Council  September  8«''  1773. 

The  Council  proceeding  to  the  Consideration  of  General  Haldimands  Letter  of  the  1«»  Instant, 
observed  that  the  Board  is  not  unacquainted  witli  the  Laws  and  Constitution  of  the  Province, 
and  owe  that  Regard  to  the  Dignity  ot  the  Civil  Authority  as  not  to  have  advised  a  Recjuisition  of 
the  aid  of  the  Military  on  the  riotous  Behaviour  of  a  few  lawless  Vagabonds  :  Tliat  they  conceive 
the  General  would  not  have  adopted  such  sentiments  of  the  administration  of  the  Government 
liad  his  Excellency  been  informed  of  the  particular  situation  of  tb  it  part  of  the  Colony — That  the 
Board  is  still  of  the  same  opinion  as  to  Propriety  of  the  Measure,  but  us  Crown  Point  is  demolish'd, 
that  two  hundred  Men  to  l)e  at  the  Post  of  Tieonderoga  as  soon  as  conveniently  may  be,  is  a  Force 
sniiicient  to  afford  the  proper  assistance  to  the  Civil  Magistrate  for  the  Preservaticm  of  the 
Peace — That  it  cannot  be  determined  how  long  the  Troops  will  be  wanted,  as  their  Service  will  be 
more  or  less  necessary  according  to  the  Behaviour  of  the  neighbouring  Inhabitants,  and  the  Change 
or  Continuance  of  their  present  dangerous  Dis]K)sition,  and  that  as  to  the  Charge  that  may  attend 
the  Transportation  of  the  Troops  no  Provision  is  made  by  the  Province  out  of  which  it  can  be 
defrayed. 

It  is  Ordered  by  his  Excellency  the  Governor  with  the  advice  of  the  Council  that  an  Ordinance 
issue  establishing  a  Court  of  Common  Pleas  and  a  Court  of  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace  to  be 
held  annually  in  tiie  County  of  Charlotte  at  the  House  of  Patrick  Smith  Esquire  near  Fort  Edward 
on  the  third  Tuesdays  in  the  months  of  October  &  May. 


It'-'' 


AFFIDAVITS 

RELATING   TO    THE   DESTRUCTION  BV  THE   BENNINGTON  MOB  OF  COL.    BEEd's  SETTLEMENT    ON   OTTER    CRF.EK. 

City  of  New  York  ss.    John  Cameron  of  full  age  being  duly  sworn  deposeth  and  saith  that  about 
the  latter  End  of  June  last  he  and  some  other  Families  from  Scotland  arrived  at  New  York.    And  a 


't 


COKTROVr.RSY    nrSPKCTr**'     Tlf«   NSW   II.      !ftHI«E   CHANTS. 


H»4*i  to  V*  le  as   1  .nnfitl 

('tei  acci  1     ..iJiy   ilu        to 

>  (vousitlti     le  llxi>i  iitc  in 

I  Jf.tirney    ■wm  New  York, 

III  otlit'is  >»  '-tti  in  Company 


few  Days  after  tlieir  arrival  dl<l  uRieH  witU  i.  nteniint  C  >r»l  Job 
on  his  Lands  at  Otter  Creek  in  Cluirintte  County,  Tlmt  r.i|.,n».|  |>. 
Otter  Creek,  distant  sumc  Miles  Kast  (Vuni  Crown  I'oint,  and  was  at  a 
Transporting  them  Hn<l  their  Wives,  Cliildrcn  and  ]lai;^aKe  on  so  joiti 
That  the  next  Day  utter  their  Arrival  at  Otter  Creek,  th»>  Deponent 
witjj  Colonel  Held  viewluji;  tlieland,  and  were  met  by  two  NewKiiKlana  Men,  wh"  ,  irtended  uUight 
under  New  Hampshire,  and  who  the  Deponent  was  t(dd  had  settKd  about  the  beginning  of  this 
Summer  on  part  of  Colonel  Held's  Land  whieh  was  cleared  and  on  wideh  Houses  were  built  by  some 
of  Colonel  Heid's  former  Tenants,  who  the  Deponent  was  informed  had  retired  last  year  in  Conse- 
quence of  Threats  and  ill  usage  from  some  of  tlie  People  claiming  under  New  Hampshire.  That 
the  Deponent  saw  a  crop  of  Indian  Corn,  Wheat  and  Garden  Stntf  on  the  said  cleared  Ground, 
together  with  a  stack  of  Hay,  which  the  said  two  Men  claimed  as  lielonging  to  them,  and  to  a  tldrd 
Person  who  did  not  tlien  appear.  That  the  Deponent  heard  Colonel  Held  accuse  the  sal<l  Persons 
of  settling  on  his  Lands  of  which  he  had  tjie  Possession  for  some  years  past,  before  his  Majesty's 
Pleasure  was  known,  wldeh  he  told  tlu^m  was  expressly  contrary  to  an  agret'ment  whicji  was  made  by 
pome  of  their  own  i'eople  lust  year  w  ith  the  Governor  and  Council  of  New  York.  And  the  Deponent 
further  heard  Colonel  Held  accuse  the  said  Persons  of  being  the  Cause  (jf  his  coming  so  liu-  a  Journey 
to  regain  the  Possession  of  his  Land.  That  the  s^dd  Persons  did  agree  voluntarily  to  remove 
from  Colonel  Heid's  Land,  till  the  King's  Pleasure  should  be  known,  Provided  Colonel  Held  would 
purchase  their  whole  Crop  tlien  on  tlie  Ground,  that  they  miglit  not  loose  tlielr  Labour,  which 
Colonel  Reid  consented  to,  and  palil  them  the  lull  value  for  it  accordingly,  amounting  as  the 
Deponent  was  iul'orined  to  i.'01-l(J-0  York  Currency,  all  which  Colonel  Iteid  made  over  to  his  New 
Tenants.  That  the  Deponent  also  heard  there  was  a  written  Obligation  entered  into  between 
Colonel  Held  and  the  said  Persons  that  they  would  not  retiun  or  give  his  Tenants  any  Trouble 
before  his  Majesty's  Pleasure  should  be  known  which  both  Parties  agreed  to  abide  by.  That 
thereupon  Colonel  Held  did  give  peaceable  possession  to  the  Deponent  and  his  other  Tenants  in  the 
Presence  of  two  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  Charlotte  County,  and  the  Deponent  had  not  the  least 
suspicion  in  Consequence  of  the  lulr  and  open  part  wluch  Colonel  Keid  acted,  that  he  or  Colonel 
Heid's  other  Tenants  would  have  been  disturbed  in  their  Possessions.  That  Colonel  Reid  did  also 
Purchase  a  Quantity  of  Provision  and  some  Milch  Cows  for  his  Tenants  who  have  been  supported 
at  his  Expence,  and  did  more  for  them  than  they  exi)ected  or  he  engaged  to  do.  That  notwith- 
standing of  this  on  or  about  tlio  Eleventh  Day  of  August  last  the  Deponent  heard  that  a  Number 
of  Armed  men  from  different  Parts  of  the  Country  were  coining  to  dispossess  Colonel  Reid's  Tenants, 
That  tiiey  accordingly  went  and  turned  James  Henderson  &  others  out  of  their  Houses  which 
they  set  Fire  to  and  burnt  to  the  Groimd,  that  for  two  Days  together  they  let  loose  about  Fifty 
Horses  which  they  brought  with  them  in  a  Field  of  Corn  which  Colonel  Reid  had  Purchased, 
and  they  likewise  burnt  a  large  Stack  of  Hay  which  he  also  Purchased  in  the  same  Manner 
from  three  of  their  own  People  who  had  moved  off,  That  the  Rioters  on  the  Day  following  came  to 
the  Deponents  House,  headed  by  Allen  and  Baker  and  a  third  Person  whose  name  he  thinks  is 
Warner,  whom  he  discoverd  from  hearing  them  called  Captains  and  named  by  the  Mob.  Tliat  the 
Rioters  then  proceeded  to  destroy  a  new  Grist  Mill  which  Colonel  Reid  has  lately  built,  and  which 
the  Deponent  endeavored  to  dissuade  them  from,  but  the  said  Baker  in  particular  insisted  that  it 
should  be  pulled  down,  and  gave  Orders  Accordingly  which  were  immediately  obeyed,  and  after 
they  had  destroyed  and  tore  down  the  Mill  tlie  Deponent  saw  them  break  the  Mill  stones  in  pieces 
which  they  threw  down  a  precipice  into  the  River.  That  the  Rioters  afterwards  turned  the 
Deponents  Wife  and  two  small  Children  out  of  his  House  which  they  also  buint  to  the  Ground, 
Vol.  IV.  65 


'  i\ 


.; 


514 


CONTRnVKRNV    RESPCCTINU    TIIK    NEW    IIAMnHIRE    GRANTS. 


m 


f 


fr 

It'.. 


liavinn;  on  thntnnd  the  jirert'ediiiff  Day  hjirnt  flvr  Tlonsoji,  two  Corn  Shades  nnd  onn  Stuck  of  liny, 
lu'sidcs  d»'stii)yliii?  the  FU-Itl  of  Corn  with  tlwir  llornt's  and  pullint;  down  the  Mill.  Tliat  tlio 
Deponent  beinp;  nmrh  incensed  anain*t  them  ii>r  t\mt  base  Conduet  and  cruel  Uiiagu  of  hit*  Wife 
niul  ]iel|»less  Cliiidren  asked  theni  l>y  wliat  autlioiity  or  Law  they  conindtted  suoli  Violences  to 
wliieh  Haker  replied  tliat  tliey  lived  out  of  tlie  Hounds  of  the  Law,  and  holding  up  his  (iini  said 
tliat  was  his  Law.  That  the  Deponent  told  him  witli  twenty  Gotnl  Men  he  would  have  undertaken 
to  defentl  his  House  nnd  Mill  against  them,  tho'  as  they  inl()rmed  him  tliey  were  One  Hundred 
nnd  ten  in  number  The  said  Baker  replied  that  the  Deponent  and  his  Country  men  were  nil  for 
tlie  brond  Swonl,  but  thnt  they  were  for  Bush  FightinR.  That  the  Deponent  then  asked  the  said 
Baker  if  he  did  not  tldnk  tho  Governor  and  Coinicil  of  New  York  would  take  notice  of  such 
Doings,  to  which  tlie  saiil  Baker  replyed  that  lie  dispised  every  Thing  they  could  do,  that  their 
People  could  assemble  u  great  Number  of  Men  in  Arms,  and  that  they  couU  live  in  the  Bush, 
as  he  Termed  it,  and  were  resolved  never  to  allow  any  Persons  claiming  up.ler  Hew  York  to  settle 
in  that  part  of  the  Province,  but  thnt  if  tlie  Deponent  would  join  with  ihem  they  would  give  him 
Lands  for  notliinc,  wldcli  he  rejected.  Tlie  Deponent  further  saith  that  during  tlie  Time  the 
Rioters  were  iiiipiuyed  in  the  de«trueti(m  of  his  House  nnd  the  Mill,  which  was  situated  on  the 
Crown  Point  Siiie  of  tlic  Kiver  called  Otter  Creek,  lie  heard  tliem  give  Orders  to  six  of  their  number 
with  tlieir  Arms  to  go  and  stand  Ci'ntry  on  a  rising  Ground  townnls  Crown  Point  to  prevent  any 
snrj>rize  from  the  Troops  in  tlie  Garrison  tliere,  as  he  believes  tiiey  were  npj)rehenslve  of  a  Visit 
from  that  Quarter,  and  that  as  soon  as  they  had  finished  the  Destruction  of  the  Mill  and  tlio 
Deponent's  House,  they  retired  in  their  Canoes  hastily  to  tlie  opposite  side  of  the  lliver  from 
whenee  they  came,  Tliat  the  Deponent  was  much  surpri/ed  to  see  among  the  Rioters  Joshua  Hide 
one  of  the  three  men  who  had  entered  into  a  written  obligation  with  Colonel  Reid  not  to  return  again, 
and  to  whom  Colonel  Reid  on  that  account  had  jKiiil  a  sum  of  Money  lor  his  Crop.  Which  said 
Joshua  Hide  appeared  very  active  in  advising  the  Destruction  of  the  Deponents  House  and  of  the 
Mill,  and  the  Deponent  further  Remembers  to  have  heard  Colonel  Reid  accuse  the  said  Hide  of 
breaking  open  the  Door  of  the  House  of  which  he  had  taken  Possession  about  the  beginning  of 
Summer  whicli  the  said  Hide  acknowledged.  That  the  Dopiment  heard  one  of  the  Rioters  whose 
name  he  thinks  was  Warner  acknowledge  that  he  and  a  number  of  his  Companions  liad  on  that 
occasion  come  a  great  W^ay  IVom  home,  that  they  had  been  lour  Days  on  the  Road;  and  ha<l 
travelled  one  hundred  ami  twenty  Miles.  That  the  Dejionent  did  remain  about  three  weeks  at  Otter 
Creek  after  the  Rioters  dispersed,  in  hopes  of  hearing  from  Colonel  Reid,  and  that  the  Government 
of  New  York  would  fall  on  some  Method  of  Protecting  him  and  his  fellow  Settlers  from  any  further 
violence  from  the  Rioters,  but  that  having  no  House  and  being  exposed  to  the  night  Air  he  was 
unfortunately  seized  with  Fever  and  Ague,  and  theref!)re  obliged  to  retire,  That  some  of  his 
companions  had  gone  before  nnd  the  rest  were  to  follow,  they  having  received  notice  from  the 
Rioters  that  some  of  their  Number  were  determined  immediately  to  take  Possession  of  the  Land 
which  had  been  so  cleared  by  Colonel  Rcid's  former  Tenants  notwithstanding  of  the  written 
Agreement  which  Colonel  Reid  had  entered  into  with  the  three  Persons  who  hud  moved  olf  from 
his  Land,  and  their  obligation  not  to  return  before  his  Majesty's  Pleasure  should  be  known. 
That  the  Deponent  on  his  Return  from  Otter  Creek  being  much  reduced  with  the  Fever  and  Ague, 
was  obliged  to  stop  at  the  House  of  an  Elderly  Man  named  Irwin,  who  lives  about  five  Miles  North 
from  Crown  Point  on  the  Eastern  Banks  of  Lake  Champlain,  and  is  one  of  the  Persons  claiming  under 
New  Hampshire,  and  that  at  the  desire  of  the  said  Irwin  the  Deponent  staid  a  night  at  his  House. 
That  in  the  Course  of  Conversation  the  said  Irwin  informed  the  Deponent  that  Colonel  Reid  had 
a  narrow  Escape,  and  he  assured  the  Deponent  that  the  said  Baker  with  eight  Men  had  lain  in  Wait 


I 


u 


CONTROVKRIY    BESPFXTINa    TIIK   NEW    IIAMPHIIIRE   URANTI. 


S1& 


for  Colonel  Reltl  a  whole  Day  neur  tlie  Mouth  of  Otter  Creek  with  a  tleterrninntion  to  fire  upon 
and  murder  him  on  his  Way  biiclc  tu  Crown  roiiit,t(igeti>erwllh  the  Men  in  tlie  Iloiit  witii  liiin,  thut 
none  niii^lit  reuialn  to  tellTuleN,  l)ut  thut  I'ortuniitely  lor  Colonel  Held,  lie  liail  lel't  Otter  Cirelc  lliu 
Day  l)elor«  contrary  to  the  said  Uulter's  Expectation.  Tliat  the  said  Irwin  tlisapiuovtd  of  sncli 
Illooily  Intentions,  uud  said  tiiut  for  his  part  if  tlie  Land  ]w  was  upon  was  rontirnied  to  tiie  I'ersuu 
claiming  it  under  New  Yorlf ,  lie  wouUl  eitiier  move  oil*  or  |je  Willing  to  I'mcliase  such  Person's 
liight.    And  further  this  Deponent  saitli  not. 

John  Ca.mron. 
Sworn  at  the  City  of  New  York  this  25"'  Day  of  Sept'  1773  Before  mo 

Dan  :  HoRa.MANuiiN, 


Charlotte  County  ss:  James  Henderson  Settler  under  Col°  Ueid,  deposeth  that  on  V'edncsday  the 


•ttlers  were  ut 

lied  with  (fUns, 

ved  in  the  house 

,  who  belonged  to 

A  Ids  Companions 


Eleventh  August  lust  past  about  Midday,  as  he  and  three  other  Men  of  Col 
Work  in  the  Mead«iw  at  tl»cir  Hay,  tliey  were  surprized  by  about  Twenty  . 
swords  and  Pistols,  wlui  inquired  of  the  Deponent  and  ]\\$  Companions  if 
some  time  before  occupied  by  Joslnui  Hide,  to  which  they  replied  no,  that  tin 
that  house  were  absent  about  Businessii,  the  liioters  tlien  told  the  Deponei. 
that  they  must  go  along  with  them  (as  th  y  coud  not  understand  tli'>  women)  and  March'd 
them  prisoners  Guarded  before  and  behind  like  Criminals  to  the  liouse  w  h -re  they  Join'd  tlie  rest 
of  the  Mob  in  Number  about  one  hundred  or  more  men  all  arm'd  as  belore,  and  who,  as  the  Deiro- 
nent  was  told  by  the  women  had  let  there  horsf'>;  loose  among  the  corn  and  wheat  which  Col"  RclJ 
had  bought  for  the  use  of  the  Dejioueiit  &  the  rest  of  his  settlers  l>y  which  means  great  part  of  both 
were  Destroy'd,  the  Mob  desired  the  tilings  to  be  taken  out  of  the  House  otherwise  they  wou'd 
be  Immediately  committed  to  the  Uames,  as  they  were  Determined  to  set  fire  to  the  house 
without  loss  of  time,  which  they  did  accordingly;  then  the  lling-leadeij  (or  Captain)  of  the  Mob 
whose  name  the  Deponent  afterwards  learnt  to  bo  Etiinn  Allen  orderM  part  of  his  gang  to 
accompany  the  Deponent  to  his  own  house  (formerly  built  and  occupieil  by  Capt"  Gray)  in  order 
to  prepare  for  the  same  fat?  with  the  other  the  Deponent  and  his  Wife  earnestly  recjuested  the 
Mob  to  spare  their  house  for  a  few  days  in  order  to  save  their  Effects  and  protect  their  Children 
from  the  Inclemency  of  the  weather,  till  they  cou'd  have  an  opportunity  of  removing  themselves 
to  some  safe  place,  but  Captain  Allen  comeing  up  fj-oni  the  fore  mentioned  house,  told  them 
that  his  Business  requir'd  haste  for  he  and  his  gang  were  Determin  'd  not  to  leave  a  house  belong- 
ing to  Colo  iteid  standing.  And  accordingly  in  a  most  Riotous  &  Rontons  manner  sett  fire  to 
the  Deponents  house  and  intirely  Consum'd  the  same,  the  Deponent  then  took  out  his  Memorandum 
Book  and  Desired  to  know  their  Ring-leader  (or  Captain)  name  to  which  tlie  Deponent  was  answered 
by  the  Capt"  Who  gave  you  autliority  to  ask  Ibr  my  name  he  the  Deponent  reply'd  that  as  he  took 
him  to  be  the  Ringleader  of  the  mob,  and  as  he  had  in  such  a  Riotous  and  unlawfull  manner 
dispossessd  him  he  had  a  Right  to  ask  his  name,  that  he  might  represent  him  to  Colo  Keid,  who 
had  put  him  the  Deponent  in  peaceable  Possession  of  the  premises  as  his  Just  property,  to  which 
Allen  ansv  •)•''.  that  he  wish'd  they  had  Catch'd  Col°  Reid  that  they  woud  whip  him  severely,  that 
his  name  was  Ethan  Allkn  Captain  of  tliat  Mob  and  his  authority  was  his  arms  pointing  to  his  Gun, 
that  he  and  hisCcunpanions  were  a  Lawless  Mob,  there  Law  being  Mob  Law,  the  Deponent  replyed 
that  the  Law  was  made  for  Lawless  and  Riotous  People,  and  that  he  must  know  it  was  Death  by 
the  Law  to  Ringleaders  of  Riotous  &.  Lawless  Mobs,  to  which  Alien  answer'd  that  he  had  run  these 
woods  ia  the  same  manner  these  seven  years  past  and  never  was  Catch'd  }'et,  and  told  the 


I  k 
I  !   • 


516 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   CRANTS. 


If 


%• 


Deponent  that  if  any  of  Col"  Reiils  settlers  offerM  hereafter  to  Build  any  lionse  &  keep  Possession, 
the  Green  Mountain  boys  as  they  cull  tiieniselves  wond  burn  their  houses  and  whip  them  to  the 
Bargain,  tiie  mob  tlien  sett  oft"  to  the  house  formerly  built  and  occui)ied  by  Lewis  Stewart  \\"^  they 
consumed  in  tlie  same  manner  as  they  had  done  tiie  others,  and  remained  tliat  night  about 
Leonards  house.  Next  morning  about  seven  o'clock  the  Twelftii  August  the  Deponent  went  to 
Leonards  House  to  see  what  further  mischief  the  Mob  were  going  to  do,  tliey  were  all  drawn  up 
Consulting  about  Destroying  tiie  Miln,  tliose  who  were  Ibr  Destroying  tlie  Miln  Avere  order'd  to 
follow  Capt  Allen  in  the  mean  time  Baker  and  his  gang  came  to  tlie  opposite  side  of  the  Creek 
and  fired  their  guns,  tliey  were  Immediately  brought  over,  and  while  tliey  were  taking  some  refresh- 
ment Allen  and  ids  i)arty  marched  to  tlie  Miln,  but  did  not  break  any  part  of  it  till  Baker  Joind  him, 
in  which  in  a  Riotous  &  Routous  manner  botli  Mobs  Join'd  in  one  by  their  own  Account  one  hundred 
&  fifty  in  number  witii  axes,  Crow  Bars,  handspiks  &  they  Tore  the  mill  to  pieces,  broke  the  Mill 
Stone  and  tlirew  them  in  tiie  Creek,  the  Deponent  observed  Baker  come  out  of  the  Miln  with 
the  Bolt  Cloth  in  his  hand,  and  drawing  his  sword  cut  the  Cloth  to  pieces  and  distributed  it  among 
tlie  Mob,  to  wear  in  their  Ilatts  as  Cockades  as  Trq)hys  of  their  Victory,  on  the  Deponents  telling 
Baker  that  he  was  about  .verry  disagreeable  work:  Baker  answerd  that  it  was  so  but  he  had  a 
Commission  for  so  doing,  and  shew'd  the  Deponent  where  his  Thumb  had  been  cut  off  w=''  he  call'd 
his  Commission;  the  Deponent  Concludes  with  deposing  in  General  that  the  Mobs  Burnt  & 
destroyed  sis.  houses,  destroy'd  the  Miln  and  broke  the  Miln  stones  &  destroy'd  great  part  of  their 
Wheat  &  Com  and  Hay  in  a  Riotous  &  Mobbish  manner  and  further  saith  not. 
Sworn  before  me  the  28"'  September  1773.  Jaaies  Henderson. 

Lachlan  Mackintosh,  Justice  Peace. 


11 

h 


New  York  Charlott  County  ss.  Angus  McBean  settler  under  Colo  Reid  deposeth  upon  oath 
that  between  Seven  &  Eight  o'clock  in  the  lorenoon  of  Thursday  the  12"'  August  last  he  met  part  of 
the  New  England  Mob  about  Leonards  house  he  supposes  to  the  number  of  sixty  men  or  there- 
about arm'd  with  Gnus  swords  &  Pistols,  that  one  of  them  ask'd  the  Deponent  if  he  was  one  of 
Col"  Reid's  new  settlers,  being  answer'd  in  the  affirmative,  the  same  person  asked  him  what  he 
intended  to  do,  to  which  the  Deponent  answer'd  that  he  intended  to  build  himself  a  house  and 
keep  Possession  of  the  Land,  he  was  then  ask'd  if  he  meant  to  keep  Possession  lor  Col"  Reid  to 
Avci"  he  answered  Yes  as  long  as  he  cond,  soon  after  their  Chief  Leader  whose  name  the  Deponent 
has  learnt  to  be  Ethan  Allen  came  and  ask'ti  him  if  he  was  the  man  that  said  he  woud  keep  Possession 
lor  Colo  Keid,  being  answer'd  in  tlie  affirmative.  Captain  Allen  Damn'd  his  soul  but  he  woud  have 
him  the  Deponent  tyed  to  a  tree  and  skin'd  alive  if  ever  he  attempted  such  a  thing  ;  and  that  he 
&  several  of  the  Mob  said  that  if  they  cou'd  but  catch  Col"  Reid  they  woud  cut  his  head  off,  and 
further  that  Joshua  Hide  one  of  three  persons  of  whom  Col"  Reid  purchas'd  the  Crop  in  his 
hearing  advised  the  Rioters  to  burn  or  Tear  down  Donald  Mcintosh  &  John  Burdans  Houses  as  they 
had  both  been  Assisting  Colo  Reid  that  soon  after  the  Deponent  heard  several  Guns  fir'd  on  the 
other  side  of  the  Creek,  that  some  of  the  mob  said  that  was  Captain  Baker  and  his  Party  coming 
to  see  the  sport,  and  soon  alter  Baker  and  his  party  join'd  the  Mob,  and  then  all  went  to  tear 
down  the  Grist  Miln  and  the  Deponent  is  of  oppinion  that  Remember  Baker  was  among  the  first 
that  Entered  the  Miln,  &  further  saith  not. 

Angus  McBean. 

Sworn  before  this  28"'  of  September  1773 

Laciu-an  Mackintosh,  J.  Peace. 


11 


rONTROTERSY   BESPECTINQ   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


517 


LIEUT.  BENZEL  TO  GOV.  TRYON. 

Sir  The  25'h  Last,  one  John  Benders,  come  with  complaints,  before  me,  tliat  He  lias  ben 
the  Second  Time,  most  inhumanly  beateii,  by  a  man.  Unknown  to  Him,  by  name ;  lirst  with  a  large 
Hickory-Stick,  and  afterwards,  (begging  His  life,)  with  Birch  Roads,  on  his  bare  back— a  certificate 
of  this  unmerciful  behaviour,  we  agin,  beg  leave  to  transmit  to  your  J!:xcellency. 

At  a  distance,  where,  as  He  say's  Several  persons ;  and  as  He  supposes.  New  England  or  Hamp- 
shire claimants ;  of  which  only.  He  can  Swear  to  the  presence  of  Captain  Backers  and  Capt" 
Aliens,  (as  they  Stiled  themselfs)  some  intelligence,  has  made  them  very  audacious  I  therefore  with 
greatest  respect,  and  humility,  beg's  the  protection,  for  my  Famille,  and  my  Neighbors;  (old 
Reduced,  and  disbanded  soldiers  ;)  The  Blessings  then,  will  be,  on  His  Most  Gracious  Majesty,  and 
His  Representative  with  wich,  I,  and  all  my  Loyal  neighbors,  are,  and  bcg's  leave  To  continue.  Sir, 

Your  Excellencys  most  faithful  and  most  Obedient  Serv' 
Crown  Point  )  Adolphus  Benzel.' 

September  27"'  1773.  \ 

To  His  Excellency  Govern''  William  Tryon,  &« 

Crown  Point  27«»>  September  1773. 

This  is  to  certify  that  John  Beaders  has  been  Examined  by  me,  and  that  he  has  been  most 
unhumanly  beaten'd  by  some  of  the  New  Hamshire  Rioters. 

Thos.  Spakham  Surgeon. 


r 


MINUTES  OF  COUNCIL  RESPECTING  GARRISONING  TICONDEROGA. 


In  Council  September  29'h  1773. 

His  Excellency  communicated  to  the  Board  a  Letter  from  General  Haldimand  of  the  ll'h  Instant, 
acquainting  his  Excellency  that  since  his  Requisition  that  two  hundred  of  the  Kings  Troops  should 
be  Stationed  at  Crown  Point  and  Tieonderoga,  he  had  inquired  particularly  into  tlie  State  of  the 
Buildings  at  those  Places,  and  finds  that  they  cant  give  cover  in  Winter  to  more  than  fifty  Men, 
but  as  he  wishes  to  shew  tlie  greatest  readiness  in  complying  with  his  Requisition,  and  take  every 
Measure  he  may  advise  for  suppressing  Riots  and  keeping  the  Peace  of  the  Province  ;  he  proposes 
(if  his  Excellency  thinks  it  will  be  of  consequence  so  late  in  the  season)  to  order  two  hundred  Men 
to  Crown  Point  and  Tieonderoga,  to  remain  till  the  1'' of  November,  when  the  Season  will  make  it 
necessary  for  one  hundred  and  fifty  of  them  to  seek  shelter  and  retire  to  Winter  Quarters. 

And  his  Excellency  requiring  the  advice  of  the  Board  on  the  General's  Letter. 

Tiie  Council  were  of  opinion  that  the  Season  is  too  far  advanced  for  the  Troops  to  be  of  any  essen- 
tial Service ;  and  that  as  there  are  Quarters  only  for  fifty  Men  during  the  Winter,  the  aid  requii-ed 
is  necessarily  postponed. 

1  AooLrnus  Benzbt,,  Lieutenant  in  thu  GOtli  or  Stirling's  Regiment,  was  son  of  Arclibisliop  Elric  Benzel,  of  ITpsal  in  Sweden, 
lie  came  to  America  in  the  fall  of  1749;  settled  at  Wilmington,  Del:  in  the  beginning  of  the  following  year  where  ho 
married  in  the  fore  part  of  1752.  lie  removed  to  the  North  in  1700  and  was  appointed  Inspector  of  II.  M.  Woods,  Forests 
andunappropriated  Lands  on  L.  Champlain  and  in  Canada,  on  the  recommendallon,  it  is  said,  of  Sir  Henry  Moore,  Lord 
Dunmorc  and  the  Swedish  Ambassador  at  London.  The  salary  attached  to  this  office  was  £300  stg.  per  an.  besides  traveUiog 
exiMjuces,  and  as  many  Dopaties  as  be  chose  at  63.  per  diem. — £d. 


518 


CONTKOTERSY    RESPECriNG    THE   MEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


I     I 
I     ; 


I'!  ' 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  GOV«  TRYON. 

[Lond.Doo.  XLIII.] 

Whitehall  October  14»h  1773. 
Sir  The  inclosed  extract  of  my  letter  of  this  day's  date  to  General  Haldiband  will  iiiiurm  you  tliat 
the  King  does  not  think  fit  that  His  Maj')'»  Troops  should  be  drawn  out  in  aid  of  the  Civil  power 
ia  the  Colonies,  unless  in  cases  of  absolute  and  unavoidable  necessity  ;  and  that  your  requisition 
i-B  consequence  of  the  advice  of  your  Council  is  not  under  all  th«  circumstances  of  it  approved  by  his 
Majesty.  I  am  ettc  Dartmouth. 


♦ ! 


APPLICATION  FOR  AN  ARMED  FORCE 

TO  PROTECT  THE    SETTLERS    OF  DURHAM    FROM  THE    BENNINGTON  MOB. 

To  His  Excellency  William  TryoH  Esquire  Captain  General  and   Governor  in  Chief 
•in  and  over  tlie  Province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in 
America  Cliancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  Same. 
The  Petition  of  Benjamin  Hougli  and  many  other  of  his  Majesty's  Subjects  inhabiting  the 
County  of  Charlotte  and  the  Nortii  Eastern  District  of  th«  County  of  Albany. 
Humbly  Shewetii 

hat  the  Petitioners  are  faithful  Subjects  of  his  Majesty  and  have  always  Demeaned  themselves 
dutifully  towards  Government. 

That  without  the  least  Provocation  on  their  Part,  they  are  involved  in  the  greatest  Danger  and 
Distress,  from  the  violence  of  a  riotous  set  of  men  distinguished  by  the  Name  of  the  Bennington 
Mob,  and  who  in  defiance  of  tlie  Dictates  of  Justice  and  Compassion,  daily  ])erpetuate  the  most 
flagrant  Acts  of  Cruelty  Outrage  and  oppression  against  all  who  submit  to  the  Authority  or  hold 
under  the. Title  of  the  Government  of  New  York.  That  they  oUen  Assemble  in  great  Numbers  and 
travelling  armed  from  Place  to  Place  Spread  Terror  and  Desolation  in  tiiat  Country,  insulting  and 
beating  tlie  Persons,  burning  and  demolishing  the  Houses  and  Destroying  the  property  of  all  who 
are  so  unhappy  as  to  become  tlie  objects  of  tlieir  Fury. 

That  so  great  are  their  Licentiousness  and  Presumption,  that  contented  with  the  Lands  which  they 
are  sufl'ered  to  possess  and  the  unimproved  Part  of  the  Country  which  they  daily  seize  and  dispose 
of  without  Molestation,  they  have  formed  the  inhuman  Resolution  to  strip  every  Inhabitant  of  his 
property  who  restrained  by  a  sense  of  Duty  will  not  engage  in  their  Excesses. 

Tliat  by  tlie  most  insolent  Menaces,  tliey  have  intimidated  Several  of  the  Magistrates  appointed 
by  this  Government  for  that  District  from  Qualifying  on  tiieir  Commissions  ;  and  against  tlie  few  who 
had  Resolution  to  disregard  their  Threats,  they  denounced  Destruction.  Two  they  seized  and 
brought  to  an  ignominious  Trial  before  Judgts  a]^|)ointed  by  their  own  Authority,  avowedly  fop 
accepting  tlieir  OIKces  when  they  were  forbidden  by  the  Ciiiefs  of  the  Mob.  Their  Houses  they 
fentencetl  to  be  burned  or  demolished  and  compelled  tliem  to  renounce  their  Commissions  and  engage 
that  they  would  no  longer  execute  the  Duties  of  their  Stations.  The  Coroner  of  the  County  they 
also  attempted  to  seize,  and  because  refusing  to  snbmit  to  their  Tribunal  he  made  liis  Escape,  they 
sentenced  his  House  to  be  burned  to  the  Ground,  nhich  was  vigorously  executed  in  open  day  j 
and  not  contented  with  this  Revenge  tliey  hunted  aiki  and  pursued  him,  openly  proclaiming  that 


I 


CONTROVERSY    RCSPECTINQ   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


519 


if  he  should  be  discovered  they  would  slioot  him  without  Mercy.  Tlint  they  have  forwarned  the 
Uiidersherlft'  of  the  County,  from  executing  any  Process  within  wliat  tliey  call  their  District,  on 
pain  of  Severe  Ciiastisement ;  and  have  insulted  the  Conjmissi->ners  of  tlie  Higliwajs  appointed  by 
Law,  declaring  that  they  will  not  submit  to  any  of  their  Regulations  but  will  oppose  all  their  Acts 
and  Proceedings  by  Force  of  Arms.  Witli  the  same  flagitious  spirit  they  liave  interposed  in  Disputes 
respecting  private  contracts  ;  Rescued  several  Prisoners  for  Debt  and  in  one  Instance  tlireatened  to 
beat  the  Plaintiff  and  to  Demolish  his  House,  unless  he  acquiesced,  fined  the  Constable  for  executing 
the  Process,  and  compelled  him  to  engage  tliat  lie  would  never  serve  as  an  Officer  of  Justice  under 
tlie  authority  of  New  York. 

Tiiat  at  the  Time  of  their  late  Irruption  into  Durham,  they  openly  avowed  that  in  their  next 
Visit  tliey  would  reduce  every  House  to  Aslies  and  leave  every  Inhabitant  a  Corpse. 

Tliat  several  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Durham  and  otlier  Towns,  after  having  been  cruelly  whipped 
and  raal-treated  have  been  compelled  to  abandon  their  Property  and  consult  their  Safety  by  Flight. 

That  the  Civil  authority  in  tliat  part  of  the  Country  terrified  and  obst;ucted  by  the  most  insolent 
outrages,  is  altogetlier  Silenced,  neither  Magistrates  nor  inferiour  Officers  being  able  to 'Officiate  in 
their  respective  Stations  either  in  the  Protection  of  tlie  Persons  or  for  tlie  Recovery  of  the  Debts 
of  the  Injured. 

That  the  Inhabitants  of  Durliam  and  many  otliers  holding  under  this  province,  have  at  consid- 
erable expence  purcliased  Titles  under  the  New  Hampshire  Charters  to  the  Lands  they  possess, 
in  hopes  thereby  of  enjoying  in  Peace  tlie  Fruits  of  their  Labour,  but  find  tiieraselves  totally 
disappointed,  the  Rioters  insisting  that  they  shall  become  of  tlieir  Number,  conform  to  their  Regula- 
tions, and  act  as  they  do  in  open  defiance  of  all  Law  and  Government. 

Tiiat  under  tliese  Circumstances  tliey  are  reduced  to  tlie  hard  Necessity  of  associating  with  the 
Rioters,  or  of  abandoning  tlieir  Settlements,  and  luiwilling  to  embrace  the  former  must  be  forced  to 
submit  to  the  latter  and  fly  the  Country,  though  to  the  utter  Ruin  of  themselves  and  their  Families ; 
unless  supported  by  the  Aid  and  Protection  of  Government. 

That  the  principal  actor's  in  these  Violences  are  Roinember  Baker,  Ethan  Allen,  Setli  Warner, 
Robert  Cockren,  Silvanus  Brown,  John  Smith  and  Peleg  Sunderland.  That  they  are  encouraged 
and  excited  to  the  Perpetration  of  these  daring  offences,  by  men  who  do  not  openly  appear,  but  are 
chosen  by  the  rest  as  Councilors  and  Advisors  of  all  their  Measures,  and  among  whom  the  Petitioner 
is  well  inform'd  are  Steplien  Fay,  Jedediah  Dury,  Samuel  SafTurd  and  James  Brakenrldge. 

Thus  from  tlie  Temper  of  tliese  disorderly  People  your  Petitioner  is  persuaded  they  are  only  to 
be  restrained  by  F-^ce.  but  as  your  Petitioner  in  imploring  the  Assistance  of  Government  lias  no 
other  view  than  his  own  and  the  Security  of  the  »)ther  Sutlerers,  against  future  Insults  unconnected 
with  any  Contest  respecting  the  Property  of  the  Soil,  he  humbly  conceives  a  very  small  Body  of  Men 
will  effectually  answer  this  pui-pose  ;  And  the  Facts  asserted  by  your  Petitioner  being  proved  by 
his  own  and  the  Depositions  of  Benjamin  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh,  Nathan  Rice,  Anna  Button,  and 
others  that  have  been  presented  to  your  Excellency. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  most  humbly  beseeches  your  Excellency  to  take  the  Proraisses  into 

Consideration,  and  to  Grant  such  Relief  to  the  distressed  Setlers  under  this  Province,  as  your 

Excellency  in  your  great  Wisdom  shall  judge  expedient  in  tlieir  present  truely  deplorable  Situation. 

And  your  petitioner  shall  ever  pray  &c 

Benjamin  Hough 

New  York  2<i  February  1771.  for  himself  and  the  rest  of  the  Petitioners. 

(Endorsed)    1774  March  SS-J   Read  in  Council  and  ordered  that  his  Excellency  transmit  a  Copy 

thereof  together  with  the  depositions  referred  to  the  House  of  Assembly. 


m 

m 


7?-:! 


1^ 


020 


CONTROVERSY    KESPECTINO   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


*> 


I: 


£■■"■  '■^  i- 


THE  BENNINGTON  MOB  ERECT  THEIR  JUDGMENT  SEAT. 

FURTHER   PARTICULARS  OF   THEIR  EXCESSES. 

Cliarlotte  County  ss:  Benjaahn  Spencer  of  the  Township  of  Dxirham  in  Charlotte  County  Esq' 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  to  keep  the  Peace  in  the  said  County  assigned  being  duely  sworn  on  tlie 
holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith  That  in  the  night  of  Saturday  the  Twentieth  Day  of  November 
last  past  lie  the  deponent  was  alarmed  with  the  Noise  of  People  breaking  into  his  House,  and  the 
outward  door  of  his  liouse  being  broken  and  beat  down  with  an  ax  Remember  Baker  and  Ethan 
Allen  rushed  into  the  Room  where  the  deponent  with  his  wife  &  some  others  of  his  Family  were  in 
Bed.  Tiiat  Ethan  Allen  with  some  curses  ordered  the  Deponent  to  rise  and  go  with  them  and  told 
the  deponent  that  he  had  been  a  damned  old  offender  and  tlie  Township  of  Durham  a  Hornets  Nest 
in  their  way  and  tliey  were  now  determined  to  put  an  End  to  it  by  making  them  concede  to  take 
and  liokl  their  Lands  under  New  Hampsliire  and  submit  to  the  Rules  of  their  Mobb,  or  by  destroying 
their  property  and  making  them  quit  the  Country.  That  the  Deponent  not  being  able  to  dress 
himself  as  quickly  as  the  said  Baker  and  Allen  thought  necessary  the  said  Ethan  Allen  struck  the 
deponent  a  severe  Blow  on  the  Head  with  a  Gun.  That  in  tlie  mean  Time  several  other  Men  armed 
with  Guns  had  rushed  into  the  Room  and  many  ot'iers  of  them  had  their  Guns  put  in  and  pointed 
thro'  the  windows  whilst  the  Deponent  was  puting  on  Iiis  Cloathes.  That  the  said  Remember  Baker 
and  Etlian  Allen  with  their  associates  then  hurried  away  tiie  deponent  about  two  miles  over  a  Hill 
to  the  House  of  Thomas  Green  in  Kelso  where  they  put  liim  under  the  Guard  of  four  men  with 
loaded  Guns.  That  they  detained  the  deponent  tliere  at  the  House  of  the  said  Green  under  a  Guard 
until  the  next  Monday  Morning  following,  with  frequent  Threats,  and  many  insults  by  the  most 
opprobrious  Language.  That  the  Deponent  was  tlien  taken  by  the  armed  Mobb,  and  under  the 
particular  Guard  of  some  of  tliera  from  time  to  time  appointed  for  the  purpose,  to  the  House  of 
Joseph  Smith  of  Durham  lukeeper  where  they  lufd  concluded  to  hold  their  Court.  That  they 
afterwards  determined  to  hold  their  Court  near  the  Deponents  House  that  they  might  more  conve- 
niently destroy  it,  and  with  tlie  deponent  guarded  by  Armed  men  at  each  side  they  went  to  the 
deponents  House  That  their  force  by  that  Time  collected  amounted  to  between  one  Hundred  and 
Thirty  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  Men  as  the  deponent  believes  all  Armed  with  Guns.  That  soon 
afterwards  Hememher  Baker,  principall,  erected  what  they  called  the  Judgment  Seat  and  Ethan  Allen 
linvina;  made  a  Harangue  to  the  Mobb,  the  said  Ethan  Allen  and  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Baker 
and  Robert  Cockran  took  their  Seats  as  Judges,  &  the  Deponent  being  ordered  by  them  to  stand 
before  them  uncovered  was  by  them  accused  in  Substance  as  follows;  first,  that  he  had  made 
application  to  the  Government  of  New  York  to  obtain  a  Grant  or  Title  to  his  Lands  and  had  induced 
Otlier  persons  to  Join  with  him  in  such  applications;  and  secondly  that  he  had  consented  to  and 
acte<l  in  pursuance  of  a  Commission  of  the  Peace  issued  under  the  Great  Seal  &  Government  of  New 
York  contrary  to  t/ieir  Orders  and  Rules;  and  thirdly  that  he  the  deponent  had  formerly  granted 
or  issued  a  warrant  against  one  of  their  party  for  a  Trespass  with  which  he  was  charged ;  and 
fourthly  for  using  his  Influence  with  and  inducing  the  people  to  pay  respect  and  obedience  to 
the  Government  and  Laws  of  the  Colony  or  Province  of  New  Y'ork  with  some  other  Charges  of  the 
like  kind.  That  the  siiid  Remember  Baker  and  many  of  his  Bystanding  adherents  insisted  on 
giving  the  deponent  Corporal  punishment  and  having  him  whipped.  That  as  they  would  not  all  agree 
to  that  they  span  d  the  Deponent  of  Corporal  punishment,  but  as  they  found  the  deponent  had  not 
purchased  a  New  Hampsliire  Title  to  his  Land  they  adjudged  his  house  to  be  a  nuisance  and  that  it 


:,l   ' 


CONTROVERSY    UESPECT!NG    THE   NEW    kAMl>SH^Rtf   GRANtt. 


521 


should  be  burned.  That  they  accordingly  set  the  Roof  of  the  deponents  dwelling  House  on  Firo 
in  two  different  places  and  soon  after  broke  and  took  the  Roof  entirely  off  of  the  said  House  witli 
great  Sliouting  of  Joy  and  much  noise  and  Tumult.  That  they  charged  the  deponent  not  to  act  us 
a  Mngistrate  or  do  any  tiling  against  their  Interest  on  pain  of  the  severest  punishment.  That  the 
said  Ethan  Allen  and  Remember  Baker  told  the  deponent  that  if  he  disliked  their  proceedings 
he  might  seek  Redress  in  any  Manner  he  s^:  v  fit;  tliat  he  might  take  their  Methods  if  he  saw  fit, 
or  apply  to  Government  if  he  tho't  fit :  That  they  damned  the  Government,  said  they  valued  not 
the  Government  nor  even  the  Kingdom  ;  Tliat  force  was  force  in  wiiatever  Hands,  &  that  they  had 
f  tree  and  power  suflicient  to  protect  tliemselvts  against  either.  That  on  the  next  day  the  depcni  nt 
saw  the  House  of  Simpson  Jenny  on  fire  was  going  towards  tlie  House  ;  that  there  appeared  to  bo 
alxmt  Twenty  men  armed  at  &  about  the  House.  That  when  the  deponent  was  witliin  fifteen  or 
Twenty  Rods  of  the  House  one  Grant  who  is  called  a  Sergeant  of  the  Mobb  presented  a  Gnn  at  the 
deponent  and  order'd  him  not  to  advance  a  step  farther.  And  the  deponent  further  saith  that  the 
first  Setlers  on  the  Towusliip  of  Durham  were  setled  under  a  Title  or  pretended  Title  derived 
ander  Jolm  Henry  Lydius  Tliat  the  Inhabitants  finding  they  had  no  title  to  their  Estates  appl}  ed 
for  his  Majestys  Grant  or  Letters  patent  for  the  said  Township  under  the  Colony  of  New  York 
which  they  favourably  obtained  about  Two  years  ago.  That  the  first  setlers  setled  &  began  their 
Improvements  near  six  years  ago,  and  that  no  Settlement  or  Improvement  was  ever  made  in  the  said 
Township  under  colour  of  a  New  Hampshire  Grant  untill  a  few  weeks  ago  to  the  knowledge  or 

belief  of  the  deponent. 

Benj"  Spencer. 
Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December  1773,  Before  me 

John  McKesson  Not'  Pub». 


;;■ 


Charlotte  County  ss  ;  Jacob  Marsh  of  Charlotte  County  Esq'  one  of  His  Majestys  Justices  to  keep 
the  peace  in  said  County  assigned  being  duly  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith 
That  on  Thursday  the  Twenty  Fifth  day  of  November  last  past  as  he  the  deponent  was  on  a  Journey 
returning  from  the  City  of  New  York  to  his  place  of  abotie  in  Socialborough  in  the  said  County  of 
Charlotte  he  was  met  by  one  Philip  Perry  near  the  House  of  Abel  Haw  ley  in  Arlington.  That 
the  said  Philip  Perry  had  a  Gun  which  he  held  up  and  cocked  and  ordered  the  deponent  to  stand  & 
not  go  farther  and  threatened  to  shoot  the  deponent  if  he  went  farther.  That  the  said  Philip  Perry 
then  called  to  his  associates  who  were  in  the  House  of  the  said  Abel  Hawley  and  told  them  that  he 
had  taken  a  prisoner.  That  a  Number  of  Men  came  out  of  the  said  House  and  ordered  the  depo- 
nent into  the  said  House.  That  the  Deponent  believes  that  the  Number  of  Men  there  assem- 
bled were  upwards  of  Thirty.  That  many  of  the  persons  there  ast  ibled  alledged  that  they  had 
heavy  crimes  to  alledge  against  tlie  deponent  and  that  Seth  Warner  ^..d  Remember  Baker  (who  are 
Captains  of  the  Mobb)  appointed  three  persons  to  sit  as  Judges  and  try  the  Deponent.  That  they 
appointed  Samuel  Tubbs  Nathaniel  Spencer  and  the  said  Philip  Perry  to  be  the  deponents  Judges. 
That  when  the  said  Judges  were  appointed  they  went  into  a  Room  by  themselves  and  being  placed 
on  a  Bench  the  Deponent  was  brought  before  them  under  a  Guard  of  armed  Men.  That  Seth 
Warner  then  accused  the  Deponent  with  having  purchased  Lands  under  Title  derived  by  and  imder 
his  Majesty's  Grants  under  the  Great  Seal  and  Jurisdiction  of  this  Colony  of  New  York,  and  of  Dis- 
couraging Settlers  from  selling  in  the  said  Colony  or  Province  under  Titles  derived  by  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants,  and  farther  accused  the  Deponent  with  having  accepted  the  Commission  of  a 
Vol-.  IV.  66 


I*'. 


■    '■ 


589 


OOMTBOTSRBT   UtnCTIMO   TBI  MrW   HAMMUIItC  OKAMTt. 


Justice  of  the  peace  in  the  said  County  of  Charlotte  and  of  having  quallf^'ed  and  acted  as  a  Justice 
of  the  peace  in  pursuance  thereof.  That  Remember  Bulcer  tlien  charged  the  deponent  with  tlie  sumo 
offences  as  he  culled  them  and  further  cimrged  the  de)xiuent  with  huviiig  reproved  liiiu  l»r  Duinuiiig 
the  Governor  of  the  Province  of  New  York  its  Government  «nd  Luws  and  thretening  to  proceed  as  a 
Mugtstrate  against  him  the  said  Balcer  for  swearing  and  Blasphemy.  That  the  said  Baker  further 
alledged  that  the  Deponent  should  be  adjudged  by  the  saiil  Judges  to  l>e  whipped  for  iiaving  acted 
in  his  office  as  a  Magistrate  afler  he  had  been  forcwarntHl  and  forbidden  so  to  do  l>y  him  the  said 
Remember  Baker.  That  he  the  Deponeiit  was  then  ortlered  to  make  his  Defence  whieli  when  he  had 
done  he  was  removed  from  before  tlie  said  persons  appointed  Judges  and  kept  under  a  Guard 
untill  he  was  called  to  hear  Judgment.  That  the  deponent  was  then  charged  and  directed  by  the 
Judgment  of  the  said  Judges,  which  was  in  writing  and  I'eud  to  IiUu  by  tlie  said  Setli  Warner,  in 
tlieir  presence  and  by  their  order,  to  tlie  following  EHVct  "  Not  to  encourage  any  Settlements  Ity 
persons  settling  under  the  Titles  derived  under  the  Government  of  New  York  but  to  discourage 
such  settlements  ;  not  to  discourage  any  persons  Settling  under  Titles  d'.<riveil  fi-om  grunts  made  by 
the  Government  of  New  Ilumpshire,  and  not  to  act  as  n  Justice  ot  the  peace  by  virtue  of  any 
Commission  under  the  Government  of  New  York  upon  the  pain  of  Iiaving  his  house  burned  and 
reduced  to  ashes  and  his  person  punished  at  their  pleasiuv."  That  the  said  Judges  and  their  Mobb 
associates  then  consented  to  dismiss  the  Deponent,  and  gave  him  a  certificate  a  true  Copy  whereof  is 
in  the  word  and  figures  Ibllowing  viz*. 

Arlington  Novr  2Sth  A  D  1773  Theso  may  Sertify  that  Jacob  Marati  hiatli  ti«n  Exitcamlncd,  ar  1  Iiad  on  fare  Trial.  So  that 
our  mob  ahall  not  raedeal  farther  with  him  aa  long  aaho  behaves  Sartiflcd  by  lis  his  Judgfs  to  vzt. 

Sami.  Tubs 
Teste  NxTnAML  Spencer 

Ct.  Seth  W*r»ek.  Puilip  Ferrt 

That  the  said  Remember  Baker  who  had  frequently  inslstetl  to  have  the  Deponent  adjudged  to  bo 
whipped  when  the  Deponent  was  dismissed  threatened  him  and  cursed  him  &  promised  to  punish 
him  the  Deponent  if  he  should  ever  meet  him  &  have  ati  tipiHirtiuiity.  That  wlien  he  the  Deponent 
arrived  at  his  own  house  he  found  that  the  same  Mobb  or  Compan}'  had  been  to  his  House  in  his 
absence  and  f<ken  of  the  Roof  of  his  House,  and  that  he  the  do^xuient  was  informed  and  verily 
believes  that  only  the  Interposition  of  some  of  his  Friends  pwvented  them  from  burning  the  Roof 
of  the  House  alter  it  was  taken  off;  That  they  destwyetl  several  Bushels  of  Corn,  split  a  number 
of  Boards,  and  did  him  some  other  Damages.  That  he  ti\e  dejwnent  has  l>een  informed  that  John 
Smith  and  Peleg  Sunderland  (both  of  Sociulborough)  were  the  Captains  or  Leaders  of  tlie  Mobb 
who  had  been  at  his  house  and  Benjamin  Cm<ley  ami  one  Silvaiuis  Brown  their  Lieutenants  or 
next  in  Command  &  miscliief  and  that  the  company  then  with  tliem  amounted  to  forty  or  fifty 
nxmed  men.  And  the  deponent  further  saitli  tliat  he  verily  Iwlieves  that  if  he  should  act  in  his  office 
of  a  Justice  of  tlie  peace  in  the  said  county  of  Charlotte  that  his  ElTects  and  property  would  be 
destroyed  by  the  said  Mobb  or  some  of  them  as  far  as  would  be  in  their  power ;  and  that  his  Life 
would  be  in  danger  and  farther  the  Deponent  saitli  not. 

Jacob  Marsh. 

Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December  1773.    Betbre  mo 

John  McKksson  Not*  Pub*. 


OOMTROVERSY    RESPECTIMO   THE   MEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTS. 


523 


Charlotte  County  ss:  Nathan  Rice  of  the  Township  of  Durham  in  Charlotte  County  Farmer  being 
duly  Sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  deposetli  and  Saith,  that  he  was  present  on  Monday  the  Twenty 
Second  day  of  November  last  past  when  Etlian  Allen  Remember  fiaker,  Seth  Warner  and  Robert 
Cochran  (under  tlie  Security  of  armed  Mobb)  erected  their  Judgment  Seat  in  Durham  aforesaid 
and  adjudged  that  the  dwelling  House  of  Benjamin  Spencer  there  should  be  burned.  That  the  said 
Remember  Baker  was  the  first  of  the  Mobb  that  got  to  the  House  and  attempted  to  pull  off  some  of 
the  Boards,  and  the  first  person  that  did  set  the  saicl  House  on  fire,  tho'  it  was  afterwards  set  on  fire 
by  others  of  the  said  mobb  in  another  part. 

Nathan  Bice. 

Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December  1773.     Before  me 

John  McKesson. 
(Endorsed)    1774,  Jan>' 11.    Read  in  Council  , 


Cliarlotte  County  ss:  Benjamin  Hough  of  Charlotte  County  being  duely  sworn  on  the  holy 
Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith  that  he  is  a  Resident  and  Inhabitant  in  the  Tract  or  Township 
called  Socialborough  in  the  said  County.  Tliat  in  tlie  night  of  Saturday  the  Twentietli  day  of 
November  last  past  the  Deponent  was  informed  that  a  Company  of  Men  distinguished  by  the  Name 
of  the  Mob  were  come  into  Durham  and  had  seized  Benjamin  Spencer  Esquire  one  of  liis  Majesty's 
Justices  of  tlie  peace  in  the  said  County  and  had  him  under  Guard  as  a  prisoner.  Tliat  the  Deponent 
with  Two  Neighbors  came  to  Durliam,  arm'd  ;  and  found  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  at  the  House 
of  Tliomas  Green  in  Kelso  under  a  Guard  of  Men  armed.  That  when  the  deponent  came  to  the 
House  where  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  was  detained  it  was  early  in  the  Morning  n  the  Sabbath 
— Tiiat  tlie  Deponent  found  tliere  Ethan  Allen  as  Captain  or  Leader  of  the  Mobb;  &  that  Remember 
Baker  another  of  the  Captains  of  the  Mobb  with  some  of  the  Mobb  with  him  arm'd  soon  came  in 
there  from  a  house  in  the  Neighborhood  Tliat  he  the  deponent  entered  into  Conversation  with  the 
said  Ethan  Allen  to  know  the  causes  or  reasons  of  their  Conduct ;  That  Allen  used  many  Curses  and 
Imprecations  on  the  people  of  the  province  of  New  York  by  the  Name  of  Yorkers,  and  said  the  day 
of  Judgment  was  come  when  every  man  should  be  Judged  accoi  -"iiig  to  his  works,  with  much  other 
Language  of  that  kind;  and  told  the  deponent  that  the  people  of  Durham  frequently  had  warning 
enough;  That  if  they  ever  had  come  to  Durham  again  they  would  Lay  all  Durham  in  Ashes  and 
leave  every  person  in  it  a  Corpse.  Timt  finally  both  the  said  Allen  &  Baker  assigned  as  the  reasons 
of  their  conduct  that  the  people  of  Durham  liad  submitted  fo  the  Laws  and  Government  of  New 
York  which  they  would  not  permit  or  suffer  them  to  continue  to  do.  That  they  both  declared 
they  would  whip  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  Esq'  and  burn  his  House.  That  the  said  Remember 
Baker  told  the  Deponent  they  would  whip  Spencer  and  burn  his  House  and  they  the  people  of  Durham 
would  go  to  York  and  Complain  to  the  Governor  and  Council ;  and  they  might  go  to  York  and 
Complain  and  be  damned  for  that  the  Governor  would  not  help  them — That  the  deponent  left  the 
said  Benjamin  Spencer  Esquire  in  Custody  of  the  said  Mobb  which  consisted  of  Twenty-six  men 
armed ;  and,  that  the  said  Mobb  by  Order  of  the  said  Baker  and  Allen  took  into  their  Custody 
and  detained  Amos  Marsh  who  went  there  with  him  the  deponent.  That  on  Monday  the  Twenty- 
second  day  of  November  aforesaid  the  Deponent  returned  to  Durham  to  see  what  was  become  of  the 
said  Speucer  and  as  he  came  near  to  Spencers  House  saw  a  large  Number  of  Men  Armed  amounting 
in  Number  to  about  One  Hundred  and  thirty  men  as  the  deponent  believes  besides  a  number  of 
Spectators  who  were  not  armed,    That  as  the  Deponent  with  three  other  persons  were  approaching 


ifetei 


624 


COHTROVUIST   KESPXCTINO   THE  MEW   UAMnUIEC  GKAMTII. 


I 


to  the  Mobb  lie  was  met  by  the  said  Biiker  and  by  Pt-lcg  Sunderland  and  Asa  Johnson,  and  the  said 
Buker  beat  one  of  tlie  persons  who  came  witli  the  Deponent  several  Blows  witli  a  pole  and  insisted 
that  tlic  Deponent  siiouUl  call  togetlier  all  tlie  people  of  Durham  to  their  Judgment  seat — Tliat  on 
some  Conversation  with  Seth  Warner  about  tlieir  proceedings  Warner  said  lucli  affaiis  as  were  got 
into  tlie  Mobb,  must  be  determined  by  the  Mubb  for  they  cuiild  not  be  got  out  of  the  Mobb. — That 
soon  afterwards  Remember  Baker  erected  a  seat  which  tliey  called  a  Judgment  seat  and  Ethan  Allen 
then  miide  a  Harangue  and  declared  that  tlie  proprietors  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  had  appointed 
liimself  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Baker  and  Robert  Cockrim,  to  inspect  and  set  things  in  Order 
relating  to,  andscetliat  tliere  should  be  no  intruders  on  the  New  Hampshire  Grants.  Tiiat  the  said 
Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Remember  Baker  and  Robert  Cochran  then  took  their  seats  on  the  said 
Judgment  sent  and  or<!ered  the  said  Benjaniin  Spencer  Escj'  to  stand  belore  them,  to  take  off  his 
Hutt  uiid  hear  accusations  against  him.  That  Ethan  Allen  then  charged  and  accused  the  said 
Benjamin  Si)encer  Esquire  w  itii  the  following  matters  in  Effect,  to  wit,  witli  cudiing  with  the  Land 
Jobbers  of  New  York  to  prevent  the  claimants  of  the  New  Hampshire  Rights  from  holding  the 
Lands  they  claimed  ;  and  with  issuing  a  Warrant  as  a  Justice  of  the  peace  contrary  to  their  Orders ; 
and  Remember  Baker  charged  him  with  having  accepted  a  Commission  as  Magistrate  in  the  Colony 
of  New  York  and  of  liaving  acted  as  a  Magistrate  in  pursuance  thereof  contrary  to  their  Orders  ; 
and  of  having  represented  their  bad  Conduct  in  a  Letter  by  him  wrote  and  sent  to  New  York;  and 
of  having  conveyed  a  piece  of  Land  by  Title  derived  under  a  Grant  obtained  in  the  Colony  of  New 
York  ;  and  with  endeavouring  to  seduce  and  inveigle  the  people  to  be  Subject  to  the  Laws  and 
Government  of  the  Colony  of  New  York.  That  the  Deponent  departed  to  a  high  piece  of  Ground 
at  some  distance  &  soon  after  saw  the  said  Mobb  set  ^re  to  the  Roof  of  the  said  Benjamin  Spencers 
House  in  two  different  places  and  they  then  broke  &  took  off  the  Roof  from  the  said  House  with 
great  shouting  singing  and  noise.  That  on  Tuesday  the  twenty-third  day  of  November  aforesaid 
tlie  deponent  saw  the  dwelling  House  of  Simpson  Jenny  of  the  said  Township  of  Durham  on  fire 
and  entirely  consumed  ;  and  that  a  number  of  Men  armed  with  Guns  were  at  the  said  House  whilst 
it  was  burning:  And  that  he  the  deponent  has  been  credil)ly  informed  that  the  said  Mobb  has 
threatened  to  burn  the  Houses  of  Sundry  other  persons  in  Durham  aforesaid,  and  to  whip  the  Owners 
of  the  said  Houses.  Tliat  lie  the  Deponent  lias  this  day  seen  some  persons  measuring  improved 
Lands  in  the  said  Township  of  Duriiam,  and  was  credibly  informed  that  they  were  persons  in  Con- 
nection wit'.i  the  said  Mobb,  and  that  they  were  laying  out  the  said  Lands  on  New  Hampshire  Rights : 
That  said  Lands  are  held  and  possessed  and  the  Improvements  thereon  made  by  the  possessors 
under  Titles  derived  from  his  Majesty  by  virtue  of  Letters  patent  obtained  under  the  Colony  of 
New  York  and  farther  the  Deponent  saith  not. 

Benjamin  Hough. 
Sworn  this  sixth  day  of  December  1773.    Before  me 
John  McKesson  Not*  Pub". 


Charlotte  County  ss:  Anna  Button  the  wife  of  Charles  Button  of  Durham  in  the  said  County 
Farmer  being  duly  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  deposeth  and  saith,  That  in  the  Night  of  the 
Twentieth  of  November  last  about  Eleven  of  the  Clock  a  jiarty  of  men  armed  with  Guns  came  to 
the  House  of  the  Deponents  saitl  Husband  who  was  then  abroad.  That  they  broke  or  split  down 
the  outward  door  of  the  said  House  and  also  the  door  of  t!ie  Room  where  the  Deponent  was  in  Bed. 
Tliat  the  door  of  the  Room  they  broke  open  and  into  Pieces  with  an  Ax.    That  about  Seven  of  the 


OOMTBOVKHfY    RKSPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GBANT9. 


m 


•ftld  armed  Mobb  came  into  the  Room  where  the  Deponent  lay,  and  with  many  curses  insisted  on 
knowing  where  her  said  Husband  was,  and  swore  tliey  would  tlnd  him  and  hare  him  either  Dead 
or  »''  .1'  lie  was  on  the  face  of  God's  Earth.  Tliat  on  tlie  deponents  endeavouring  to  represent  to 
them  their  bad  Conduct  some  of  tliem  said  and  threatned  tliat  if  she  did  not  liold  lier  peace  they 
would  lay  tlie  House  in  Aslies  before  they  went  away  ;  and  one  of  them  Threutned  it  should  be  all  in 
Ashes  either  before  tlie  then  Morrow  night  or  before  Monday  night.  That  they  searched  the 
House  witli  Fire  brands  in  their  hands  and  with  parts  of  the  doors  of  the  Room  which  they  carried 
about  burning  for  Tapers.  That  on  tl\e  next  Monday  the  deponent  saw  Ebenezer  Allen,  George 
Patterson  &  three  or  four  other  persons  wlio  hud  been  with  them  in  the  Saturday  night  belbre  at 
breakhig  into  the  said  House.  That  the  said  Ebenezer  Allen  acknowledged  to  her  that  it  wae 
himself  who  had  on  tiie  Saturday  night  preceeding  threatned  to  burn  her  husbands  House  and 
that  it  was  George  pattcrson  who  broke  down  the  Doors  with  an  Ax. 

Anna  Button. 
Sworn  the  Eighth  Day  of  December  1773    Before  me 

John  McKesson  Not  Pub*. 
(Endorsed)    Read  in  Council  Jan  1 1'h  1771. 


REPORT  TO    THE  N.  Y. 


ASSEMBLY  OX  THE   OUTRAGES  OF  THE  BEiNNINGTON 
MOB— 4th  Feb.  1774. 


Mf  Brush  (inbehalf  of  M'  Clinton,  Chairman)  from  the  Grand  Committee  of  Grievances  reported, 
that  he  was  directed  by  the  said  Committee  to  make  tlie  tbllowlng  Report  to  the  House,  to  wit 

That  the  said  Committee  taking  into  consideration  the  Petition  of  Benjamin  Hough,  in  behalf  of 
himself  and  many  of  his  Majesty's  Sulijects  inhabiting  the  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  North 
Eastern  District  of  tlie  County  of  Albany,  complaining  of  many  Acts  of  Outrage  Cruelty  and  Oppres- 
sion, committed  against  their  Persons  and  properties  by  the  Bennington  Mob,  and  the  Dangers  and 
Injuries  to  which  they  are  daily  exposed  ;  and  imploring  that  this  House  will  take  them  under  their 
protection,  and  secure  them  against  future  Violence.  And  the  said  Committee  having  also  duly 
considered  the  several  Proofs  and  Depositions  presented  in  support  of  the  Truth  of  the  said  Petition, 
do  thereupon  Resolve. 

1»'  That  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  that  there  at  present  prevails  in  part  of  the  County 
Charlotte,  and  in  the  North  Eastern  District  of  the  County  of  Albany  a  dangerous  and  destructive 
Spirit  of  Riot  and  Licentiousness;  subversive  of  all  order  and  good  Government,  and  that  it  is 
become  an  intollerable  Grievance  whicli  requires  immediate  Redress. 

2''  Resolved  That  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  that  many  atrocious  Acts  of  Outrage  Cruelty 
and  Oppression,  ]iave  been  there  perpetrated  by  a  Number  of  Lawless  Persons  calling  themselves 
the  Bennington  Mob;  who  have  seized  insulted,  and  terrified  several  of  the  Magistrates  and  other 
Civil  Officers  so  that  they  dare  not  execute  their  respective  Functions,  rescued  Prisoners  for  Debt ; 
assumed  to  themselves  Military  Commands,  and  Judicial  Powers;  burned  and  demolished  the  Houses 
and  property  and  beat  and  abused  the  persons  of  many  of  his  Majesty's  subjects,  expelled  them 
from  their  possessions,  and  put  a  period  to  the  Administration  of  Justice,  and  spread  Terror  aiid 
Destruction  throughout  that  part  of  the  Country  which  is  exposed  to  their  oppression. 

S*"  Resolved  Tiiat  it  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee  That  the  Complainants  before  the  House, 


my  I 


B26 


OONTKOTEMT    RISPECTINO   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORAItTt. 


ami  otliors  who  inlinhit  tliat  part  of  the  Colony,  and  from  respect  to  Government  will  not  counte- 
iiaiict'itiul  lit-  coiiccnicd  in  the  suid  KI«)tou9  pruceedings  urc  exposed  from  the  violence  of  theUioters 
to  Imiiiiiit'iit  danger  liotli  in  tlieir  persons  and  properties,  and  that  tliey  stand  in  need  of  immediate 
pn»ft'clii>n  inid  sncconr. 

4"'  Resolved,  Tliat  it  appears  to  this  Committee,  tliat  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Remember 
Barker,  Udhcrt  Cockran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Sylvanus  Brown,  James  Brackenridge,  and  John 
Siidtli,  are  principal  Ringleaders  of,  and  actors  in  the  Riois  and  Disturbances  aforesaid,  and  that  it 
is  therfll)re  tlie  opinion  of  this  Committee,  that  an  Humble  address  be  presented  to  his  Excellency 
the  lioveriior,  desiring  that  he  will  be  pleased  to  issue  a  Proclamation  otfering  a  Reward  of  fifty 
Pounds  lor  apprehending  and  securing  in  his  Majesty's  Goal  in  Albany,  each  or  either  of  the 
Persons  al)ovo  named,  and  commanding  the  Magistrates  and  other  Civil  officers  of  the  Counties 
of  Albany  and  Ciiarlotte  to  be  active  and  Vigilant  iu  suppressing  the  said  Riots,  and  preserving  the 
Public  Peace  and  gowl  order,  as  well  as  tor  bringing  to  Justice  the  Perpetrators  and  Authors  of 
the  said  Riots. 

Wliich  Rejmrt  he  read  in  liis  Place,  and  afterwards  delivered  it  in  at  the  Table  where  the  said 
Resolutions  were  severally  read  a  sec«ind  Time. 

Resolved,  Tliat  this  House  doth  agree  with  the  Committee  in  tlie  said  Resolutions. 

Ordered  Tliat  a  Bill  be  brought  in  pursuant  to  the  last  Resolution,  and  that  M'  Brush  and  Colonel 
Ten  Broeck  prepare  »"d  bring  in  the  same. 

Ordered  That  Cap*  De  Lancey  &  M'  Walton  wait  on  his  Excellency  the  Gover.or  with  the 
forogoing  Address  and  Resolutions  of  this  House. 


PROCLAMATION  FOR  THE  ARREST  OF  ETHAN  ALLEN  AND  THE  OTHER  LEADERS  OF  THE 

BENNINGTON  MOB. 


By  His  Excellency  William  Tryon  Esquire  Captaine  General  and  Governor 
in  Chief  in  and  over  the  province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America  Chancellor  and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same. 


A  PROCLAMATION. 
Whereas  many  acts  of  outrage  cruelty  an  oppression  have  been  committed 
agamst  the  Persons  and  properties  of  divers  of  his  Majesty's  subjects  in- 
habiting tlie  County  of  ciiarlotte  and  the  Northeastern  District  of  the 
County  of  Albany,  by  certain  Persons  tlistinguislied  and  known  by  the  Name  of  the  Bennington  Mob; 
and  upon  complaint  thereof  made  to  tlie  General  Assembly  of  this  province  and  a  due  consideration 
of  the  several  Prools  and  Depositions  presented  in  sujiport  of  the  said  Complaint,  the  General  Assem- 
bly tliil  on  the  lourtli  Day  of  February  Instant  come  to  the  I'ollowiiig  Resolutions.  '■'■That  tlierjs  at 
present  prevails  in  part  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  and  in  the  Northeastern  District  of  the  County 
of  Albany  a  dangerous  and  destructive  spirit  of  liiot  and  Licentiousness  subversive  of  all  Order 
and  gocjil  (iovtrnmeiit  and  tliat  it  is  become  an  intolerable  Grievance  whicli  requires  immediate 
lieilnss. — Vud  many  atrocious  Acts  of  Outrage  Cruelty  and  oppression  have  been  tliere  perpetrated 
by  a  nuiulx  r  i.'f  lawless  Persmis  calling  themselves  the  Bennington  Mob,  who  have  seized  insulted 
and  terrified  several  of  the  Magistrates  and  other  Civil  officers,  so  that  they  riare  not  execute  their 


Si.p 


OOMTBOVBHtV    RESPKCTINQ    THE   MEW    HAMMHIIIB   QKAMTt. 


B27 


rpspectlve  Functions  ;  rescued  Prisoners  for  Debt ;  assumed  to  tliernselves  Military  C(/mmands  and 
jiuliciiil  jjowers;  burned  and  demolished  tlie  Houses  and  Property,  and  beat  and  abused  tii«  Persons 
of  many  of  his  Majesty's  subjects,  expelled  tlieni  from  their  Possessions  ;  and  put  a  period  to  the 
Administration  of  Justice  ;  and  spread  Terror  and  Destruction  throughout  that  part  of  the  Country 
which  is  exposed  to  their  oppression  and  did  further  Resolve  That  it  appears  that  Ethan  Allen, 
Setii  Warner,  Remember  Baker,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Sylvanus  Brown,  James  Brakiu- 
rldge  and  John  Smith  are  principal  Ringleaders  of  and  Actors  m  the  Riots  and  Disturbances  afore- 
said. And  thereupon  the  said  General  Assembly  have  presented  an  Address  to  me  to  issue  a  procla- 
mation oilering  n  Reward  of  one  Imndred  Pounds  for  apprehending  each  of  them  the  said  Ethan 
Allen  and  Remember  Baker,  and  the  sum  of  Fifty  Pounds  ibr  apprehending  and  securing  any  or  either 
of  the  other  persons  above  named  in  his  Majesty's  Goal  in  Albany  ;  and  commanding  the  Magistrates 
anil  other  Civil  Officers  of  the  County  of  Albany  and  Charlotte  to  be  active  and  vigilant  In  suppres- 
sing the  said  Riots  and  preserving  the  public  Peace  and  good  Order  as  well  as  for  bringing  to  Justice 
the  perpetrators  and  Authors  of  the  said  Riots. 

I  have  therefore  thought  lit  with  the  advice  of  his  Majesty's  Council  to  issue  this  Proclamation 
hereby  strictly  enjoining  and  commanding  all  Magistrates  Justices  of  the  Peace  Sherifs  and  other 
Civil  Officers  of  the  Counties  of  Albany  and  Charlotte  to  apprehend  and  take  the  before  named  Ethan 
Allen  late  of  Bennington  In  the  County  of  Albany  yeoman  Seth  Warner  late  of  the  same  place 
yeoman,  Remember  Baker  late  of  Arlington  In  the  said  county  yeoman  ;  Robert  Cochren  late  of 
Rupert  in  the  County  of  Charlotte  yeoman,  Peleg  Sunderland  late  of  Social  borough  in  the  said 
County  yeoman  ;  Silvanus  Brown  late  of  the  same  place  yeoman  ;  James  Brakenrldge  late  of  Wal- 
lumschaick  in  the  County  of  Albany  yeoman  and  Jolin  Smith  late  of  Socialborough  in  the  said 
County  of  Charlotte  yeoman  and  tliem  and  every  of  them  to  commit  to  safe  and  secure  custody  in 
the  Goal  oi"  the  city  &  county  of  Albany  to  answer  for  their  several  offences  and  to  be  dealt  with 
according  to  I^aw.  And  I  do  hereby  in  Ids  Majesty's  Name  promise  tlie  several  Rewards  aforesaid  that 
is  to  say  tlie  sum  of  one  hundred  pounds  for  apprehending  each  of  them  the  said  Ethan  Allen  and 
Remember  Baker,  and  the  sum  of  fifty  pounds  for  apprehending  each  and  every  of  them  the  said 
Seth  Warner,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  Silvanus  Brown,  James  Brakinridge  and  John 
Smith  to  be  paid  to  the  Person  or  Persons  who  shall  take  anc',  secure  the  said  offenders  that  they 
may  be  proceeded  against  as  the  Law  directs.  And  all  magistrates  and  other  civil  officers  of  the  Coun- 
ties of  Albany  and  Charlotte,  are  hereby  required  to  be  active  and  vigilant  In  preserving  the 
public  Peace,  and  suppressing  all  future  Riots  and  Disorders  of  the  like  dangerous  Tendency. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  Seal  at  Arms  in  the  City  of  Sew  York  the  ninth  Day  of  March  1774 
in  the  tburteenth  year  of  the  Reign  of  our  Sovereign  Lord  George  ihe  third  by  the  Grace  of  God 
of  Great  Britain,  France  and  Ireland,  King  Detender  of  tho  Faith  and  so  forth. 

Goo  Save  the  King. 


AMOS  CHAMBERLAIN  BEFORE  THE  JUDGMENT  SEAT. 


OF    THE   BENNINGTON    MOB. 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Amos  Chamberlain  late  of  the  Township  of  Norwich  in  the  County  of  Glou- 
cester being  duly  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God,  deposeth  and  Saith,  that  he  the 
Deponent  formerly  purchased  a  Number  of  Rights  or  Shares  of  land  under  a  Charter  of  New 


53.<l 


OOKtitovliMV   Mirtcttita  tMk  NlftW  HAM»»|||||«  UMAHTII. 


w 


Hampshire,  which  Land  is  Situated  upon  Ottfr  Creek  In  tlie  County  of  Charlotte.  Tliat  tlip  Depo- 
nent in  the  Montli  of  Nfay  Inst  went  Into  tliat  Part  of  tlie  Colony  to  enquire  after  Ills  Lands  h.  took 
up  liiit  Lod^lngfl  at  tlie  dwellinfi;  house  of  Ho^^er  Stevens  Jun'  In  Socialhorou((li  in  the  said  County 
of  Cliariotte.  Tliat  wiille  tlie  Deponent  lodged  there,  for  some  days  he  paid  his  Diet,  and  Lodging 
daily.  Tliat  the  said  Stevens  told  him  the  Deponent  it  was  troublestmie  to  receive  ids  Paymenta 
so  frequently,  and  that  it  would  he  better  that  he  should  settle  with  him,  when  he  finally  left  his 
house,  or  Words  l((  that  Effect.  That  the  Deponent  some  days  thereafter  Imv  ing  some  business  at 
tlie  Township  ot  Durham  a!)out  ten  miles  from  the  said  Steven's,  told  some  of  the  said  Steven's 
Family  that  he  shoidd  go  thither  and  rettu-n  the  next  Day.  That  the  Dejionent  accordingly  set  out 
for  Durham  &  the  same  Evening  being  about  the  Sixth  of  May  last,  three  men  (to  wilt)  Joseph  W'aite, 
one  Lymen,  &  Joshua  Wiggins  cnuw  to  the  house  of  one  Asa  Johnson  in  which  he  lodged  In  Social- 
borougli  alWresald  in  the  Night  Time,  &,  took  liim  rrlsoner,  and  charged  him  witli  coming  oH' in 
Debt  to  tlie  said  Stevens.  That  the  Deponent  tiild  tliem  that  he  intended  to  return  to  Steven's  the 
next  day,  as  the  Truth  was,  S:  that  they  had  no  Law,  or  authority  to  arrest  or  make  him  a  Prisoner 
Ibr  which  they  answered  that  If  they  ha<l  not  Law  or  Authority,  they  had  strenght.  Tliat  tho 
Deponent  then  ollereil  to  pay  them  the  money,  which  he  owed  Stevens,  being  nine  slilllings  ;  but 
they  refused  to  receive  it ,  saying  that  lie  sh(iuld  go  back  with  them  k  have  his  Trial  for  it.  That 
the  Depojient  refusing  to  submit  to  be  thel/  Prisoner  they  threatned  to  bind  &,  carry  him  back  by 
force;  upon  which  they  threw  tho  Deponent  down,  &  abused  &  hurt  him  very  much.  That  they 
kept  a  Guard  over  the  Deponent  the  whole  Niglit,&  next  morning  carried  him  back  to  Steven's.  That 
when  he  was  arrived  there  the  held  a  CotU't  (as  they  termed  it)  over  the  Deponent,  &  appointed  Peleg 
Sunderland,  thesald  RogerStevens  jun' &tliesaid  Lymen  to  be  Judges  In  the  Deponents  Cause.  Thattlie 
said  pretended  Judges  first  g;»ve  their  Judgment  that  the  Deponent  should  be  whipped  &  should  pay 
the  said  nine  shillinp;8  and  twenty  four  shillings  for  the  exiienses.  That  the  Deponent  having  some 
Friends  present  who  pitied  and  intercceded  for  him,  the  said  pretended  Judges  omitted  the  Wlilp- 
ping;  but  Obliged  the  Deponent  to  pay  the  Money,  which  he  was  so  adjudged  to  pay.  That  tlie 
Deponent  complaining  of  this  Treatment  as  highly  cruel  &  unjust  one  Josluia  Wiggins  who  was 
present  told  the  Deponent  he  should  not  speak  before  them,  &  tell  upon  the  Deponent,  &  kicked  If 
abused  him  very  mucli.  And  the  Deponent  salth  that  alter  receiving  this  outrageous  Trealnu-nt  he 
letl  the  said  Place,  &  that  he  can  not  return  without  being  in  Danger  of  his  Life ;  or  great  bodily 
harm.  An<l  fnrtlier  the  Deponent  saith  that  the  day  before  the  above  Transaction  liappened  tuie 
Thomas  liowly  a  Constable  of  Danby  In  the  said  County  came  to  the  house  of  the  said  Steven's* 
having  three  Summonses,  issued  tor  Civil  Debts  by  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  the  Justices  of  the 
Peace  of  the  said  County.  That  a  Mob  to  the  Number  of  Seven,  of  which  the  said  Sunderland, 
Stevens,  &  I.ymen  were  three,  tlireatned  the  said  Constable  greatly,  declaring  that  if  he  would  not 
deliver  un  the  said  Summonses  they  would  whip  him  ;  upon  which  the  said  Constable  promised  that 
if  they  woidd  not  whip  him,  he  would  not  return  the  said  Summonses,  &  then  they  lei  him  depart. 
And  further  the  Deponent  saith  not. 

Amos  Chambehlain. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  4"'  Day  of  August  1774.    Before  me 

Dan  Horsmanden. 


COMTROVKMY    RKKPrrTIMU   Tilt'.    NKW    IIAMPHIIIHi:   ORANTS. 


529 


I 


FORTIFICATIONS  ERECTKD  ON  ONION   WIVKIl  AND  OTTEll  CREEK  BY  THE 

UKNMMiTON  MOB. 

To  the  Ilonorulilo Ciulwnlliulpr  CuKli'ti  Ksij'  his  Nfiijcstys  I.iotitonant  CJovernor  and  Commnndfr 
ill  Cliii:t'  in  and  over  tin;  I'loviace  of  Nuw  Yuik  uiid  thv  Tonitories  thureou  driieudlnij 
in  Aiiioi'lca.     In  Council. 

The  Petition  and  ooaiplaiiit  of  Ili-njainin  IIo»ig;h  one  of  liis  Majcstys  Justices  of  tho  Peace  for 
tlie County  of  Cluulottt-,  in  liehiilf  of  hinisclf,  otlu-t  OlllciTs  of  Justice,  and  many  of  tlie  laliabitanta 
of  tlie  said  County  ;  and  particularly  of  tho  Township  of  Durham  and  Sosclalhorouj(h. 

Most  Huinhly  Siicweth  That  your  Petitioners,  to  tiieir  Inexpressible  Grief,  llnd  themselves  again 
reduced  to  the  Necessity  of  imploring  the  Compassionate  attention  of  Government  to  the  Calamities 
which  they  SulVer,  and  tlie  ruin  witli  which  they  are  threatened  by  tho  )knnlni{ton  Uioters. 

Tlie  measures  liereto|i»re  adopted  by  his  Kxcellency  (Joveriior  Tryiiii  In  Council,  the  Kesolves  of 
the  General  Assembly,  ami  the  Act  of  Lersishiture'  passed  at  the  last  Sessittns  fiir  restoring  Peace 
and  order,  and  I'roteetinn  your  I'etitioneis  In  tiieir  llvos  and  Properties  ;  instead  of  producing  this 
Salutary  Kifects,  have  only  served  to  incieiise  the  Jlage  and  iMallcu  of  tlmse  dissolute  People  and  to 
expose  yuur  I'etltioiiers  to  fresh  Insults,  and,  if  possible,  to  Greater  Danger ;  and  so  lecbhi  and 
intimidated  i;.  tlie  Civil  Authority,  In  a  jmrtof  tlie  Country  remote  from  tlie  metropolis,  and  overrun 
with  Fugitives  from  tliu  other  Provinces,  that  tar  from  being  able  to  ]iunlsh  oll'enders  and  check 
their  llcenc|ous  proce«'dings,  tlie  Magistrates,  at  one  of  these  Hlotous  Assemblies  held  in  April  last, 
have  been  publickly  voted  Knemies  to  their  Country,  only  lor  accepting  their  Commissions  under 
the  authority  of  this  Government ;  and  your  Petitioner  Ueiijamin  Hough  was  formally  Served  with 
a  Copy  ol  tliat  vote,  signed  by  the  Clerk  of  the  meeting.  In  consecjuenco  of  this  outratreous 
resohition  two  of  the  Magistrates  have  been  Insulted  with  every  abuse,  attacked  in  their  Persons  and 
properties,  and  hunted  after  and  pursued  with  open  menaces  that  they  should  be  taken  and  secured 
cither  Dead  or  alive  :  while  some  of  the  chief  of  tlie  Uioters  have  barbarously  directed  their 
abettors  to  put  them  to  death  privately  !  In  circumstances  So  l><M-i1uus,  no  longer  depending  iipou 
their  own  Houses,  nor  the  most  Cautious  and  inoffensive  Behaviour  for  Security,  they  have  been 
compelled  to  take  refuge  and  conceal  themselves  In  the  night  among  their  Friends ;  and  your 
Petitioner  Benjamin  Hough  was  so  narrowly  watched  that  for  several  nights  immediately  before  ho 
left  the  place  of  his  residence,  he  was  under  the  necessity  of  keeping  a  Guard  for  the  preservation 
of  his  Ilic,  having  twice,  with  utmost  diillculty,  secured  himself  out  of  the  Hands  of  the  lUoters. 

That  unrestrained  by  principles  of  Duty,  or  Fear  of  Punishment,  the  Uioters  seem  arrived  at  the 
last  stage  of  a  deliberate  opposition  to  Government  ami  the  Laws :  for  your  Petitioners  are  well 
informed  that  they  have  lately  erected  two  Fortresses  in  tlie  County  of  Charlotte,  one  on  Onion 
River,  and  the  other  on  Otter  Creek,  an  act  of  Hostility,  which  while  It  encourages  them  in  their 
Confidence  and  presumption,  gives  additional  Terror  to  your  Petitioners,  and,  if  not  speedily 
checked,  may  prove  the  occasion  of  much  mischief  and  Bloodshed. 

That  such  of  the  Inhabitants  as  are  averse  to  the  lawlesy  proceedings  of  the  Rioters,  and  by 
discountenancing  them  have  incurred  their  resentment,  are  daily  exposed  to  the  most  imminent 
Danger  in  their  Persons  and  Properties ;  as  while  their  magistrates  are  treated  with  so  much 
.inhumanity,  they  can  have  no  reason  to  look  for  the  least  mercy. 

1  Entitled — An  Act  for  preventing  tumultuous  and  riotous  assemblies  in  the  places  therein  mentioned  for  the  more  ipcedy 
ond  etTuctual  punishing  the  rioters,  Passed  9th  March  1774.  Among  other  provisions,  was  one  outlawing  Ethan  Allen  and 
other  inhabitants  of  Benuingtun.^ED. 

Vol.  IV.  87 


^'■' 


e 


u  i 


530 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


That  called  upon  by  motives  of  self  preservation,  tliey  have  once  more  appointed  the  said  Benja 
min  Hougli  to  represent  tlieir  grevions  distresses  to  Government,  and  to  renew  his  Imiuble 
supplications  in  their  Behalf,  as  well  as  his  own,  for  succour. 

Faithful  and  inofl'ensive  subjects,  struggling  under  unparralleled  oppressions,  and  without  the 
means  of  Law,  Justice,  Defence  or  Security,  may  be  permitted  to  liope  their  Earnest  importunity 
will  incite  tlie  Compassion  and  the  Care  of  Government ;  especially  when  it  is  the  misfortune  of 
your  Petitioners  to  be  persuaded  tliat  if  tliese  reasonable  Expectations  should  unhappily  become 
frustrate,  they  must  very  Soon  fall  victims  to  the  Inhuman  Tyranny  of  the  Rioters,  and  that,  if  tliey 
escape  with  life,  the  least  that  can  befall  them  must  be  to  be  driven  with  their  Helpless  Families, 
from  their  Habitations  in  the  Greatest  misery  and  distress. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  appealing  for  the  truth  of  the  Facts  above  asserted  to  the  affidavits  and 
papers  hereunto  annexed,  do  humbly  beseech  your  Honour  to  take  their  Deplorable  case  into  your 
wise  Consideration,  and  to  grant  them  that  speedy  relief  and  protection  of  which  they  stand  in 
so  much  need. 

And  your  Petitioners  shall  ever  Fray 

Benjn  Hough. 
1774  Septemb' 1.    Read  in  Council. 


ESQR  HOUGHS  LIFE  THREATENED. 

Daniel  Walker  of  Durham  in  the  County  of  Cliarlottee  Being  of  Full  Age  Deposeth  and  Saith— 
That  on  the  First  day  of  August  Instant  Benjamin  Hoof  Esq'  of  Socialborough  Came  to  my 
house  being  as  he  informed  me  very  much  Tiueatened  and  abused  by  Some  of  tlie  Mobb  (to  wit.) 
John  Smitli  and  one  Enos  Raws  and  We  being  Sitting  at  Dinner  at  my  house,  there  Came  one  Dan, 
Howlet  of  Sliaftsbury  in  tlie  Northeastern  District  of  the  County  of  Albany  and  made  Enquiry  if  the 
Said  Benjamin  Hoof  was  there ;  and  Fui-ther  added  that  he  |  had]  some  business  witli  him.  The 
deponent  Furtlier  Saith  the  Said  Hoof  Answered  him  and  asked  tlie  Said  Howlet  what  Business  he 
had  with  him,  the  Said  Howlit  answered  he  wanted  a  Warrant,  the  Said  Hoof  asked  him  ^vhere  he 
lived,  and  the  Said  Howlit  Said  he  lived  at  home ;  and  then  the  Said  Howlit  begun  with  very 
Rough  Discourse,  Saying  that  he  had  not  Come  to  Quarrel,  but  that  he  had  come  as  a  Ibrerunner,  to 
warn  him  and  that  there  was  but  one  Step,  Between  liis  the  Said  Howlets  lile  and  M'  Hoofs  and 
Swore  by  God  they  would  have  him  dead  or  alive  Soon  with  much  other  threatning  Words,  Signifying 
that  the  Said  Hough  must  Reliiif|uish  all  Pretentions  of  acting  as  an  officer,  and  if  he  did  lie  did 
not  know  but  the  Said  Hoofs  liio  might  be  Spared,  but  uncertain,  and  then  made  Towards  the 
Said  Hoof,  and  assaulted  him  in  a  very  Rough  manner  by  Pushing  threatining  Swearing  in"  the 
most  inhuman  manner  So  that  the  Said  Hoof  was  obliged  to  use  Violent  means  to  escape  out  of  his 
hands  but  did  not  hurt  nor  abuse  the  Said  Howlit  no  otherways  than  throwing  the  Howlet  down  on 
the  Ground  and  holding  him  there  untill  he  Could  Find  means  to  get  out  of  liis  way  as  there  was  a 
Number  of  People  at  Neighbours  house  that  I  Suspected  Would  Come  to  His  the  Said  Ilowlit's 
Assistance  and  Further  Saith  not. 

Daniel  Walker  J'. 
August  y»  2°^  A  D  1774. 

Sw«rn  to  Before  Benj^  Spencer  Ju'  Peace. 


CONTROVEnSY  RESPECTING    THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


S31 


Jacob  Marsh  Esq' of  Socialborougli  in  the  County  of  Charlotte  Deposeth  and  Saith— That  on  the 
First  day  of  August  Instaiit  as  I  was  Traveling  tlie  Road  in  Socialborougli  I  saw  a  Number  of 
Men  Travelling  around  with  Guns,  Pretending  they  were  Going  a  Hunting,  but  Soon  afterwards 
I  fell  in  Company  with  John  Smith  the  second  ;  who  Informed  me  in  our  Conversation  that  he  was 
no  Mobb  man  himself,  but  that  he  had  Seen  Cap'  Warner  Some  Few  days  before,  and  that  Warner 
had  informed  him  that  Esq'  Spencer  Sliould  not  act  as  an  Officer  much  longer,  and  that  Spencer  was 
a  lyar,  but  that  Esq'  Hoof  they  would  Take  very  Soon  before  the  Week  was  out  and  if  they  could 
not  take  him  no  other  ways,  they  were  Determined  to  Kill  him  where  ever  they  Could  Find  him,  that 
they  were  determined  to  Waylay  the  roads  and  also  his  house  for  that  Purpose  &  that  he  assigned 
For  the  cause  of  their  Spite  and  ambition  against  Esq'  Hoof,  was  that  he  had  been  to  New 
York  and  entering  complaints  against  the  Mobb,— and  acted  as  officers  without  the  Mobb  leave  or 
Consent  and  Further  Saith  not. 

A         ^      ^j.T^,.>.      r.  .„  Jacob  Marsh. 

August  y«  end  A  D  1774.    Sworn  to  before 

BENja  Spencer  Jus'  Peace. 


ESQR  SPENCER'S  PROPERTY  LAID  WASTE. 

Jeremiah  Gardner  of  Durham  in  the  Counte  of  Sharlote  Being  of  ful  age  Deposeth  and  Sath, 

that  on  the  2  Day  of  August  instane  at  night  that  he  loged  at  the  Dwelling  House  of  Squir 

Spenser  and  some  time  in  the  Still  tim«  of  the  night  he  heard  a  noys  of  people  Round  about  the 

House  but  saw  no  person  but  early  in  the  morning  he  see  Spencer's  Cart  turned  over  and  a  Slay 

on  the  top  of  it  and  a  gallos  arected  on  a  Stomp  hung  up  with  achane  and  Several  Sticks  whipt 

or  wore  out  a  whipping  the  Stomp  and  lad  a  top  of  it,  and  further  the  Deponant  Sath  thare  was 

much  of  tlie  S^  Spencers  fens  throne  Down  and  Seural  posts  puld  up  and  carrat  eight  or  teen  Rods 

and  much  grane  lade  open  to  the  common  and  a  number  of  Cattle  Destroying  it  and  two  horses 

in  S-"  Spencers  paster  hed  thar  mans  and  Tals  cut  and  Disvegered  and  further  Sath  not. 

Jeremiah  Gardner. 
August  ye  3  A  D  1774. 

Sworn  Before  Benja"  Hough,  Juct'  pece. 


iS 


AFFIDAVIT  OP  THE  REV.  BENJ.  HOUGH,  MAGISTRATE  OF  CHARLOTTE  CO. 

City  of  New  York  ss:  Benjamin  Hough  of  the  Township  of  Scocialborough  in  the  County  of 
Charlotte  Esq'  being  duly  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  deposeth  and  saith  that 
he  has  resided  about  eighteen  months  in  the  said  Township  of  Sociaiborough,  and  being  unwilling  to 
enter  into  any  Controversy  respecting  the  Title  to  tlic  Lands  which,  he  possesses,  He  this  Deponent 
agreed  not  only  with  the  New  York  proprietors,  but  with  the  persons  wlio  claimed  tlie  same  under 
New  Hampshire,  for  their  Right  or  pretensions  thereto.  That  about  ten  months  lust  past  many 
cruel  acts  of  Outrage  &  Oppression  being  committed  by  the  said  New  Hampshire  Claimants,  against 
the  persons  &  properties  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants  as  professed  a  Respect  for  the  Laws  &  Govern- 


&33 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


w 


ment,  &  would  not  countenance  or  join  in  the  rash  proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  ;  and  these 
peaceable  luliabitants  being  in  very  great  Danger  both  witli  respect  to  tlieir  property  &  their 
persons,  &  being  frequently  insulted  Si  abused,  tliis  deponent  who  was  then  &  still  is  an 
Anabaptist  preacher  of  the  Gospel,  in  the  said  County  did,  at  the  Request  of  several  of  tlje  said 
peaceable  &  abused  inhabitants,  come  down  to  the  City  of  New  York  and  applied  to  the  Governor  tlie 
Council  &  General  Assembly  of  the  Province  of  New  York  lor  Redress  &  protection.  Tliat  the 
truth  of  your  Petitioners  Complaint  being  fully  proved  by  a  Nunjber  of  Depositions  &  Proofs  there 
produced,  a  proclamation  was  thereupon  issued  oll'ering  a  Reward  lor  appreliending  tlie  principal 
Ringleaders  &  Autliors  of  the  said  Riots,  and  a  Law  of  the  said  province  was  also  passed  for 
suppressing  the  said  Riots  &  tumultuous  proceedings  ;  &  for  punisliing  the  oifenders.  That  as  soon 
as  this  Measure  was  eilected  the  Deponent  returned  to  his  place  of  Residence  and  as  a  Magistrate 
of  tlie  said  County  dispersed  &  published  the  saitl  proclamation  &  act  of  Legislature  &  inculcated 
&  recommended  to  the  said  Riotous  persons  a  more  peaceable  &  orderly  Demeanor,  and  as  no  steps 
were  taken  witli  regard  to  the  Lands  possessed  by  tlie  said  New  Hampshire  Claimants,  but  tliey  were 
suffered  quietly  to  hold  the  same,  Tliis  Deponent  lioped  the  said  Rioters  would  liave  permitted 
their  Neighbours,  ditl'ering  from  them  in  Conduct  and  Sentiment  to  live  in  peace  &  security,  But  this 
Deponent  saith  that  some  time  in  tlie  month  of  April  last  there  was  a  meeting  of  tlie  said  Rioters, 
in  consequence  of  tlie  said  act  of  Legislature  and  proclamation,  where  it  was  resolved  by  them  that 
any  person  or  persons,  within  the  Lands  claimed  by  them,  who  had  or  should  accept  a  commission 
or  commissions  of  the  peace,  should  by  them  in  general  be  deemed  an  Enemy  to  their  Country  and 
Common  Cause,  Tliat  shortly  after  a  paper  was  delivered  to  this  DejK/nent  signed  by  one  Jonas  Fay 
clerk  of  the  said  meeting,  in  tlie  following  words  (to  wit) 

"  Gentlemen  the  following  is  proposed  whether  it  be  to  your  minds  that  any  person  or  persons  in  tho  New  TTarapshire 
"  Grant  under  tlio  present  situation  of  affairs  that  have  or  shall  presume  to  take  commission  or  commissions  of  tlio  peace 
"  shall  by  the  Grantees  in  general  be  deemed  an  Enemy  to  their  Country  it  Common  cause  untill  his  Majesties  pleasure  in  the 
"premesis  be  further  known:  passed  in  the  aflirmative  all  yeas  li  No  Kays  at  a  general  meeting  holden  at  Manchester  12th 
"  Day  of  April  A.  D.  1774  and  by  adjournment  to  tho  13th. 

"  pr  Jonas  Fay  Clerk  of  the  said  Meeting." 

And  this  Deponent  further  saith  that  altho  in  tlie  Execution  of  his  office,  finding  the  civil  power 
altogether  unable  to  oppose  or  punish  the  said  Rioters,  he  desisted  from  every  act  &  prosecution 
against  them  or  the  Dispute  concerning  their  Claims  or  possessions  and  aimed  at  nothing  more 
than  to  preserve  peace  &  some  Degree  of  order  in  the  Country  ;  yet  this  Deponent  Trom  time  to 
time  received  information  that  the  said  Rioters  had  doomed  his  person  &,  property  to  Destruction, 
and  frequently  his  house  was  surrounded  by  persons  unknown  to  him,  in  the  dead  of  Night,  & 
attempts  made  to  break  open  his  door,  and  the  Dtpor-^nt  further  saith  that  on  or  about  27">  Day  of 
July  last  past  one  John  Smith  &  Enos  Ross  of  Socialborough  aforesaid  being  armed  with  Clubs, 
made  an  assault  upon  the  Deponent  &  endeavored  to  make  him  their  prisoner,  declaring  that  if  he 
resisted,  they  would  kill  him,  that  the  Deponent  being  unarmed  called  to  his  Wife  for  a  weapon  in 
order  to  defend  himself  or  intimidate  the  said  assailants  from  executing  their  purpose  upon  which  the 
said  Enos  Ross  forced  himself  into  the  Deponents  house,  in  order  as  appeared  afterwards,  to  get  the 
Deponent's  Gun:  That  the  Deponent  being  freed  frcni  the  said  Enos  Ross,  knocked  down  the  said 
John  Smith  &  then  removed  to  a  place  where  he  saw  a  stone,  which  he  took  up  &.  stood  upon  his 
Defence.  That  the  said  Enos  Ross  now  having  got  the  Deponents  Gun  out  of  his  house  came 
toward  the  Deponent  therewith,  swearing  that  he  would  shoot  him  through,  but  happily  the  Gun  was 
not  loaded ;  &  the  Deponent  solemnly  protesting  that  he  would  not  be  taken  by  them  alive,  & 
standing  upon  his  defence,  they  at  last  desisted,  &  retired  swearing  that  they  would  have  the 


I 


Wx. 


CONTROVEmsY   BESPKCTINO   THC  MEW  HAMPSHIRE  OEAMTS. 


MS 


Deponent  dead  or  alive.    That  all  the  Reason  which  they  assigned  for  this  violent  attack  upon  the 
Deponent,  was  that  lie  had  complained  of  tlie  Rioters  to  Government,  &  appbed  for  tlie  protection 
of  himself  &  the  rest  of  the  injured  inliubitants,  and  had  issued  process  against  some  of  the  Mob 
Tlio  this  Deponent  declares  that  he  never  issued  any  process  but  for  a  civil  Debt,  (except  one  upon 
a  Law  of  this  province  against  a  person  for  killing  a  Deer  out  of  season,  and  the  said  John  Smith  & 
Enos  Ross  at  the  same  time  further  declared  tliat  Benjamin  Spencer,  the  only  other  acting  Magis- 
trate in  that  part  of  the  said  County,  nor  any  other  person,  should  act  as  a  Magistrate  over  them. 
And  the  Deponent  furtlier  saith  that  being  at  tlie  dwelling  house  of  Daniel  Walker  in  the  Township 
of  Derham  in  the  said  County,  on  the  first  Day  of  tiiis  Instant  August  a  certain  Dan  Howlet,  who 
lives  at  Shaftsbury  near  Bennington,  came  there,  &  enquired  for  tlie  Deponent,  and  after  much 
abusive  language  Halet  told  the  Deponent  tliat  he  had  come  as  a  forerunner  to  warn  him,  and 
that  there  was  but  one  step  between  the  said  Huuldt's  Life  and  the  deponent's,  and  swore  that  tlie 
Rioters  would  have  him  tlie  Deponent  dead  or  alive;  signifying  also  that  tlie  Deponent  must  relin- 
quish all  pretensions  of  Acting  as  a  Magistrate,  and,  if  he  should,  he  did  not  know  but  the  Deponent's 
Life  might  be  Spared  ;  but  that  tliis  was  uncertain.     Tliat  the  said  Halet  then  assaulted  and  pushed 
this  deponent  in  a  very  rough  manner,  so  ttiat  he  was  obliged  to  exert  himself  in  order  to  esr  pe 
out  of  his  Hands  by  tlirowing  tlie  said  Halet  on  the  Ground,  and  securing  him  untill  he  could  find 
means  to  get  out  of  his  way,  and  the  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  is  credibly  informed  &  verily 
believes  that  the  said  Rioters  have  erected  two  Forts  for  tlieir  Defence,  one  on  Onion  River,  and 
another  on  Otter  Creek  in  the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  Deponent  further  saith  that  from 
Depositions  taken   before   him  and  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  respectively  it  appears,  and  the 
Deponent  verily  believes  that  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  by  reason  of  his  accepting  of  a  Commission 
as  a  magistrate  of  the  said  County,  is  in  great  Danger  from  the  said  Mobb,  both  with  respect  to 
his  property  &  his  Lite;  and  that  for  the  three  last  nights  before  this  Deponent  left  the  said  County 
of  Charlotte,  neither  he,  nor  the  Deponent,  thought  it  Safe  to  lodge  in  their  own  houses;  but 
removed  for  their  security  to  the  Houses  of  their  friends,  and  that  this  Deponent  thought  it  Necessary 
to  keep  six  men  armed  in  the  house  where  he  lodged  to  defend  him  in  case  of  Discovery,  and  this 
Deponent  further  saith  that  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Township  of  Durham  &  Socialborough,  who 
are  not  connected  with  the  said  Rioters,  and  are  submissive  to  the  authority  of  Government,  are 
greatly  terrified,  and  under  continual  Apprehensions  of  being  attacked  by  the  said  Rioters,  and  that 
they  entreated  this  Deponent  once  more  to  come  down  to  this  City  and  to  apply  to  Government  for 
Redress  &  protection,  and  this  Deponent  is  very  confident  that  unless  some  effectual  Measures  are 
speedily  taken  to  preserve  the  said  Inhabitants  against  the  violence  &  Licentiousness  of  the  said 
Rioters,  they  must  soon  be  driven  from  their  possessions  &  reduced  to  the  greatest  poverty  &  Distress; 
and  with  respect  to  himself  this  Deponent  saith,  tiiat  he  has  laid  out  his  little  substance  in  improve- 
ing  a  Farm  in  the  said  Township  of  Socialborough,  tliat  from  the  threats  &  the  Danger  of  the  said 
Rioters  he  is  prevented  from  cultivating  the  same,  &  his  hired  Servant  who  assisted  him  therein, 
from  the  Threats  of  the  said  Rioters,  has  been  intimidated  &  left  his  service.    That  this  Deponent 
conceives  his  own  Life  is  so  much  in  Danger  from  the  open  attacks  &  threats  of  the  said  Rioters, 
that  he  cannot  think  of  returning  to  his  Habitation,  without  some  assistance  from  the  Government, 
as  he  verily  believes  that  the  said  Rioters  will  either  privately,  or  openly,  destroy  him  if  they  have 
an  opportunity,  and  that  he  knows  of  no  Reason  he   has  given  for  their  Malice  towards  him, 
except  his  applying  for  protection  when  he  conceived  himself  and  his  Neighbors  to  be  in  imminent 
Danger,  &  saw  them  greatly  insulted  &  abused;  &  his  accepting  his  Majesty's  Commission  as  a 
Magistrate  of  the  said  County,  and  further  the  Deponent  saith  not. 
Sworn  this  Twenty  fourth  Day  of  August  1774.    Before  lue  Benja>»  Houoh. 

Danl.  Uohsmanui^n-. 


i'i 


Wl'i 


S34  CONTROVERSY   RESPKCTINO   THE  NEW    HAMF8HIRE  GRANTS. 

APPLICATION  FOR  A  MILITARY  FORCE 

TO   SCPPORT    THE   CIVIL   AUTHORITIES   OF  CHARLOTTE   COUNT'/. 

In  Council  September  !•'  1774. 
Tlie  Petition  and  Deposition  of  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  His  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for 
the  County  of  Charlotte,  also  the  Depositions  of  Benjamin  Spencer  Esq'  Jacob  Marsh  Esq'  Amos 
Cliamberlain,  Jeremiali  Gardenier,  Daniel  Walker,  Pliilip  Nicolls,  Tliomas  Brayton,  and  Daniel 
Washburn  all  of  the  same  County,  were  laid  belbre  the  Board,  whereby  it  appears  that  tlie  Riotous 
proceedings  of  some  of  the  Settlers  in  tlie  said  County  of  Ciiarlotte  do  not  only  continue  but  have 
so  far  increased  that  they  have  Erected  two  Fortresses  in  the  said  County,  one  at  Onion  River  and 
the  other  at  Otter  Creek,  and  openly  tlireaten  tiie  Lives  and  Properties  of  all  those  who  Profess  to 
maintain  Peace  and  good  Order,  and  are  Friends  to  tliis  Government,  and  the  said  Petition  humbly 
Praying  his  Honor  to  take  the  Case  of  tlie  Distressed  Inliabitants  of  that  part  of  tlie  Province  into 
Consideration,  and  afford  them  some  speedy  and  effectual  Relief,  without  which  many  of  tlie  said 
Inhabitants  will  be  compelled  to  leave  tlieir  Settlements  and  be  tliereby  utterly  ruined — And  the 
said  Benjamin  Hough  being  calletl  in  and  Examined,  and  being  witlidrawn.  The  Council,  after 
matiu'ely  considering  tlie  Frequency  and  Violence  of  tliese  Disorders,  humbly  advise  tiiat  his  Honor 
do  apply  to  his  Excellency  General  Gage  for  a  Military  Aid  of  two  liundred  Men  to  support  the 
Civil  Magistracy  in  Keeping  the  Peace  of  the  said  County  and  its  Vicinity. 


GEN.  GAGE  TO  LT.  GOV.  GOLDEN. 

Boston  Sept:  lO'h  1774. 

Sir  I  am  to  acknowledge  the  Receipt  of  your  Letter  of  the  7">  September,  witli  a  minute  of  the 
Council  lield  at  New  York  the  l'<  Instant,  and  a  Copy  of  a  Petition  and  Complaint  of  Benjamin 
Hough  Esq',  in  behalf  of  himself,  and  other  Ofiicers  of  Justice,  and  Inliabitants  of  the  County  of 
Ciiarlotte,  tiierein  inclosed. 

It  wou'd  have  been  very  agreeable  to  me  to  have  complied  with  the  application,  you  are  pleased 
to  make  me  in  consequence  of  tiie  above,  for  a  military  aid  of  200,  or  150  men,  to  be  employed  in 
the  Support  of  Civil  Government  in  said  County;  but  Governor  Tryon  having  made  a  like  Requi- 
sition to  General  Haldimand,  which  he  thought  proper  to  decline  complying  with,  'till  he  had 
referr'd  it  to  His  Majesty's  Ministere,  and  having  in  answer  been  given  to  understand,  tliat  the  King 
approveti  of  his  Conduct  in  not  sending  a  military  Force  into  that  Country;  you  will  doubtless  join 
me  in  opinion  that  I  can  not  at  present  afford  tlie  aid  you  require. 

Governor  Tryon  was  called  homo  that  he  might  give  Lights  in  the  Points  in  dispute  concerning 
tlie  New  Hampshire  Lands,  and  the  several  Parties  concerned  were  to  be  heard  before  the  -Board 
of  Trade,  and  a  Report  made  to  his  Majesty  thereupon,  when  it's  probable  a  final  Decision  will  be 
made  upon  this  subject  and  it  is  tlien  to  be  expected,  that  effectual  measures  will  he  adopted,  and 
necessary  Directions  given  to  restore  order,  and  enforce  a  due  obedience  to  tlie  Laws  in  that  County. 
I  am,  with  very  great  Regard,  Sir,  Your  most  Obedient,  humble  Servant, 

Tno*  Gage. 

(Endorsed)    Sept:  29, 1774.    Read  in  Council. 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTINO   THE   NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


535 


LT.  GOV.  COLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTiMOUTH. 

[Lond.  Doe.  XLIV.] 

New  York  4'''  October  1774. 

My  Lord,  The  inclosed  Copy  of  a  Petition,  and  affadevits  laid  before  me  and  the  Council,  will 
inform  your  Lordship,  how  much  His  Majesty's  peaceable  subjects  in  a  part  of  the  Province  mentioned 
in  the  Petition  are  moUested  and  insulted  by  a  lawless  sett  of  Men  who  at  first  settled  there 
under  a  claim  made  by  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire  ;  but  since  they  have  oeen  disown'd 
by  that  Government,  they  will  pay  obedience  to  none — assume  all  power  to  themselves,  chuse 
Magistrates,  erect  Courts  and  inilict  punislunents  &c.  Fugitives  from  all  the  neighboring  Govern- 
ments resort  thitlier,  so  that  they  are  now  become  a  numerous  and  dangerous  Body  of  Banditti, 
wliich  is  every  Day  encreasing.  The  Council  advised  me  to  apply  to  General  Gage  for  Military 
Assistance  to  preserve  tlie  Peace  only:  His  answer  is  that,  General  Haldimand,  had,  on  a  similar 
Requisition  declined  giving  any  Military  Assistance,  and  his  refusal  had  been  approved  of  by  his 
Majesty's  Ministers,  and  for  tliat  reason  he  declined  giving  any  Assistance. 

My  Lord,  this  Body  of  Lawless  men,  fugitives  from  all  parts ;  daily  encreasing,  may  soon  become 
very  dangerous,  by  encouraging  the  worst  of  men  to  resort  thither,  and  to  stand  in  defiance  of  Law 
and  Government;  I  tlierefore  luimbly  conceive  it  deserves  your  Lordsliips  immediate  attention.  The 
first  settlers  from  New  Hampshire,  and  tlie  leading  men  among  them,  pretend  that  they  have  Encour- 
agement from  tlieir  Agent  in  England,  that  your  Lordship  entertains  a  favourable  Opinion  of 
tlieir  claim  and  pretentions,  but  I  am  persuaded  they  can  liave  no  foundation  tor  such  hopes. 

The  greatest  part  of  the  lands  those  troublesome  people  are  settled  on,  my  Lord,  have  been 
granted  by  this  Government,  to  reduced  oflictrs  and  disbanded  soldiers  of  His  Majesty's  Army 
who  served  in  the  last  War  in  America,  in  obedience  to  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  tlie  7"»  October 
1763.  I  hardly  need  to  mention  to  your  Lordsl\ip  tliat  where  the  Lands  are  private  Property,  a 
dispute  of  title  can  only  be  determined  in  tlie  Courts  of  Justice.  Tlie  Pattentees  imder  New  York, 
tliose  who  hold  by  Military  Grants,  as  well  as  otliers  wlio  liave  Pattents  in  the  common  Way,  tliink 
their  title  is  indubitably  good.  Tlie  Governors  of  tliis  Colony  have  had  full  authority  to  grant  the 
lands  quite  to  the  West  Bank  of  Connecticut  River,  ever  since  the  Duke  of  York  received  his  grant 
of  the  Colony.  A  dread  of  tlie  French  and  Indians  from  Canada,  prevented  for  many  years  any 
grants  or  settlements  being  made  in  that  part  of  tliis  Province  where  these  people  are  now  settled. 
Tlie  Governor  of  New  Hampshire  who  never  had  authority  to  grant  one  Foot  of  Land  West  of 
Connecticut  River,  his  Government  being  bounded  to  the  Westward  by  his  Majesty's  other  Govern- 
ments, finding  tliis  country  an  uninhabited  Desert,  upon  the  peace  after  the  War  before  the  last,  laid 
hold  of  the  opportunity,  and  in  a  very  short  time  granted  away  this  extensive  tract  of  country, 
do»vn  to  the  waters  of  Wood  Creek  and  Lake  Cliamplain.  A  full  information,  has  been  at  difierent 
Times,  transmitted  to  your  Lordship  and  your  Predecessors  in  office,  of  the  very  unjustifiable  manner 
in  which  those  grants  were  made,  in  defiance  of  the  earliest  notice  from  this  Government  that  Con- 
necticut River  was  our  Boundary.  Your  Lordship  is  possessed  of  such  ample  Information  on  this 
subject,  tliat  I  will  not  presume  to  trouble  you  with  any  tiling  more  upon  it  now,  but  to  repeat  my 
humble  opinion  of  tlie  necessity  tliere  is  that  tliese  lawless  People  should  be  discouraged  from 
entertaining  any  Hopes,  but  in  the  Judgements  of  the  Courts  of  Justice  ;  where  only  tlie  Property 
of  the  Subjects  can  be  determined. 

I  am  with  most  entire  submission  My  Lord,  Your  Lordship's  most  foithfull  &  obedient  servant 
Rt  Hon'''''  Earl  of  Dartmouth.  Cadwaixader  Golden. 


w 


I  " 


i 


5a« 


CONTROVSMY   KUPECTING   THE  MKW   HAMNHIRC  CRAMTt. 


APPLICATION  FROM  CHARLOTTE  COUNTY 

TO    BE  ALLOWED  THE  PRIVILEGE  OK   ELECTING    A    REPRESENTATIVE   TO   THE   ASSEMBLY. 

To  the  Honourable  Cadwalder  Colden  Esq'  Lieut*  Governor  and  Commander  In  Chief  of  His 

Majesties  Province  of  New  York  &«  k". 
•*  In  Council. 

The  Petition  of  Sundry  of  the  principal  Inhabitance  Freeholders  of  the  County  of  Cliarlotte ; 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth 

Tliat  your  petitioners  for  want  of  a  Representation  In  G»»neral  Assembly  Labour  under  a  Veriety 
of  Inconveniences  Wiiich  they  tliiiik  it  Needless  to  Numerate  to  your  Honour  and  the  Honourable 
Board  They  therefore  most  Earnestly  pray  Tltat  your  Honourable  Board  will  be  pleased  to  order 
Writ  to  be  Issued  to  the  Sheriff  of  said  County  to  cause  two  persons  to  be  Elected  to  represent  us 
in  the  present  General  Assembly  ;  and  your  petitioner  as  in  Duty  Bound  shall  ever  pray. 

Cliarlotte  County  Decern  :  1»«  1774. 

The  signers  are  Desired  to  write  their  Names  in  the  Colomn  under  the  name  of  the  Patent  that 
they  Belong  to  &c. 


Arotik. 
Alexr  CmiipbcU 
Jnmt'sCuinpbell 
Wm  Crooksliank 
Alexanilcr  MuNachten 
Nicl  McCokron 
Uiin  CumpbcU 
Roger  Kcd 
Timothy  Titus 
Jolin  Rcrd 
Alexnndor  Red 
Doimld  Rod 
Dunvan  Rod 
Ronald  McDugald 
John  McDiiRnld 
Duncan  Gillcrist 
Potter  Gillcrist 
Pcttor  McKnchcren 
Jftinos  Mount 
John  McDougnll 

Om  the  Grasii, 

Ariisoii  Rising 

WlllTF   CbICK 

Thos  MoCrnra 
Thomas  Watson 
Jno  Nosbott 
llwpli  Martin 
.lames  KamaitA 
Alexr  Wright 
John  (iuttrey 
Sam\iel  Guttrcy 
Goar)!  Guttrcy 
John  Law 


Willni  PmiRh 
John  Kimist 
Joseph  iMcNish 
Barnott  Smith 
Daniel  McNitt 
David  MeNitt 
Rohht  Crighton 
Matth  McClanghn 
John  Dunlnp 
Alexan(U>r  McXitt 
John  McCleary 
James  Lytle 
James  MoMtt 
John  MoNitt 
Jamos  Gilmore 
John  llearsho 
John  Navens 
Sainuol  Crosott 
John  Bariics 
David  Tomh 
William  Hold 
Peter  Mown 
RolK>rt  Stewart 
Arohhald  Stewart 
John  YonuR 
Porter  Woiul 
Lonard  Will 
Alexander  Turner 
Ji>hn  Lvon 
Malhn  MeClt^ry 
Ricliaril  MeClory 
DanI  Malison 
■Wni  Hoy 
Andrew  MoClory 
Joseph  McCarke'n 


James  Savngo 
K.Clark 
Inaae  I.yllo 
John  MoKarlin 
RoU-rl  Caldwell 
Thomas  Arn\strong 
John  Armstron); 
RolH>rt  Armstrong 
James  Armstrong 
Daniel  MeCleary 
Ah'xdr  MeNitt 
Danl  MeNiit 
DavM  MoNitt 
John  Clark 
JohnOneol 
Jamos  llambleton 
John  Mooro 
Jamos  Moom 
lluiih  More 
Daniel  llaniblcton 
Joint  Martin 
Wm  nan\hlo 
Jantes  Willson 
Hamilton  MoCoUIster 
Alexr  Stewart 
Kdwaril  Savage 
Kdwanl  I.ong 
Mosos  Martin 
James  Crosott 
Joshua  Conkoy 
Charles  llntohon 
Samuel  Willson 
RolK'rt  Hopkins 
John  Williams 
Will  Moimt 


Thomas  I-yon 
Reubort  Turner 
Will:  Miller 
James  Johnson 
James  Henderson 
RolH-rt  hopkuns    Junr 
John  Duncan 
Samuel  Hopkins 
Alexr  Wehster 
(Jeorne  McKnight 
James  Craig 
Richard  Hoy 
Alexander  Simpson 
John  Thompson 
RolKsrt  Getty 
Adam  Getty 
David  Getty 
John  Getty 
Alexr  Doiigal 
Alexander  Gamel 
Samuel  Gamul 
James  Ganiol 
John  Crelghton 
William  Hamilton 

Location  not  desionatib. 

John  Peek 

David  Whedor 

Robert  Willson 

Josiah  Parish 

John  Hamilton 

James  Wilson 

Solomon  Wade 

David  Hopkins 

David  Wilson 


[Endorsed] 


Januay  es""   1775 
postponed. 


Read   in    Council,  and  the  ftirther  Consideration  thereof 


OOMTIOTEMV   BtarBCTIlM   TIU   Mmw   HAMMHIKB  OmAim. 


MT 


^mtHxi;  tMa- 


LORD  DARTMOUTH  TO  LT.  GOV.  COLDEN. 


is 


>Ie 
er 
us 


hut 


[Loud.  Dm.  XUV.] 

'  WWtehaU  Dec  10»h  1774. 

Sir,  I  have  revived  your  letters  N*.  9  &  7  and  have  laid  tliem  before -tlie  King,  together  with 
the  Petition  k  affidavit  inclowd  in  the  first  of  them,  relative  to  the  awless  and  violent  proceedings 
of  saoh  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Township  of  Bennington,  as  oluio  lands  in  that  Township  under 
Grants  ttoax  New  Hampshire. 

The  ciroumstanoes  attending  those  Disturbances  are  very  alarming ;  and  if  it  be  true  that  those 

pa-**  of  the  I^vince  are  now  an  Asylum  for  Fugitives  from  every  other  part  of  America,  it 

nly  it  become  an  objeo^  *^«t  deserves  the  fullest  attention.    I  cannot  however  be  of  opinion 

tbu      -3  assistance  of  the  Ki&t.'   I>wp9  ought  to  be  called  for  until  every  other  effort  has  been  tried 

&  found  insufficient. 

Whenever  the  matter  comes  to  that  Issue  it  will  certainly  be  Duty  of  the  King's  servants  to  ailvise 
His  Majesty  to  strengthen  the  Iiands  of  Government  by  an  application  of  a  Military  Force,  but  I  do 
not  at  present  see  si^cient  ground  for  the  adoption  of  juch  a  Measure,  and  I  cannot  be  without 
hopes  that,  when  the  present  very  alarming  situation  of  the  King's  affairs  in  North  America,  from 
other  causes,  will  leave  our  handx  more  at  liberty,  some  means  may  be  found  to  accomodate  these 
Disputes  without  the  Risk  of  Bloodshed. 

I  trust  it  will  not  be  long  before  we  sliall  find  sufficient  Leisure  for  such  a  consideration,  and  His 
MiOesty's  subjects  who  have  claims  in  that  part  of  the  country  under  grants  from  New  Yorlc,  may 
rest  assured  that  their  Pretensions  will  meet  with  every  Countenance  and  support  that  can  be 
shown  consistent  with  Justice :  for  I  can  with  truth  say  that  the  conduct  of  that  Province  in 
Genera],  &  more  especially  in  the  present  moment,  has  been  such  as  Justly  intitles  its  well  disposed 
and  peaceable  Inhabitants  to  His  Majesty's  particular  Favor  and  Indulgence  :  and  I  have  the 
satisfaction  to  assure  you  that  their  conduct  is  seen  in  a  very  favorable  Light,  and  the  Wishes 
they  have  in  general  expressed  that  all  violence  might  be  avoided,  &  the  Sovereign  authority  of  tlie 
Supreme  Legislature  might  be  supported,  are  graciously  considered  by  the  King  as  Evidences  of 
their  Respect  k.  Affection  for  his  Majesty,  &  of  the  Just  sense  they  entertain  of  the  Rights  of  Uie 
British  Empire.  I  am  &,<=*  ^ 

Lieutenant  Gov*  C!olden.  «!v*?:"  ■  Daktmouth.,.u 


y"-. ;', 


^■.?m- 


OUTRAGE  COMMITTED  ON  THE   REV.  BENJAMIN   HOUGH  BY  THE   BENNINGTON  MOB. 


reef 


To  the  Honourable  Cadwallader  Golden  Esquire  Ms  Majesties  Lieutenant  Governor  of  the 
province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  thereon  depending  in  America  &«. 

In  Council  ' 
The  Petition  of  Benjamin  Hough  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County 
of  Charlotte  in  Behalf  of  himself  and  other  Magistrates  &  Inhabitants  of  the  said  County 
of  Charlotte,  and  the  County  of  Albany. 
Most  Immbly  Sheweth 

That  with  great  Grief  of  Heart  your  Petitioner  finds  himself  reduced  to  the  Necessity  of  renewing 
his  complaints  against  a  Confederacy  of  lawless  Rioters  ;  known  by  the  Name  of  the  Bennington 


Vol.  it. 


68 


r-f*^* 


fxm^m^-r-r< 


M8 


OOMTllOTEMy    auriCTIMO   TUI  NEW   HAMPtUIkB  OftAMTt. 


Mob,  who  by  a  series  of  the  most  daring  outrages,  have  so  long  disturbed  the  Peace  and  abused 
the  Magistrates  and  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Charlotte,  and  the  North  eastern  District  of  the 
County  of  Albany  with  Impunity. 

Tliat  your  petitioner  in  vain^flattered  liimself,  that  the  provision  made  by  the  Legislature  at  the 
last  Session,  for  preventing  disorders,  so  disgraceful  to  Government,  would  have  clieclced  their 
Insolence,  and  contributed  to  the  Redress  aud  security  of  the  peaceable  IiihabittRits  :  But  such  is 
the  Temper  of  those  violent  men  hardened  by  a  Repetition  of  tlie  most  enormous  offences,  tliat, 
instead  of  being  awe4l  into  submission  or  forl)earance,  tliey  are  actually  proceeding  in  the  accom- 
plishment of  tlie  iniquitous  Resolutions  which  they  long  since  formed  of  laying  violent  Hands  on 
all  who  will  not  involve  themselves  in  tlieir  Crimes,  plundering  them  of  their  property  and 
expelling  them  from  the  Country. 

That  in  pursuance  of  tliis  ruinous  project  they  on  the  twenty  sixth  day  of  January  last,  with  an 
armed  Power  seized  and  bound  your  Petitioner  ;  violently  forced  him  from  his  residence,  kept  liim 
inclose  confintment  for  several  days;  tryed  liim  before  a  mock  Tribunal;  condemned  him  to 
receive  two  liundred  stripes  on  liis  naked  Back  ;  carried  that  ignominious  sentence  into  tlie  severest 
execution ;  and  then  banished  him  from  tlie  Country  on  pain  of  receiving  five  hundred  Laslies 
in  case  he  should  be  found  within  what  they  assume  as  their  Jurisdiction. 

That  although  tliey  had  tlius  satiated  their  vengeance  upon  your  petitioner  and  seen  him 
bleeding  and  fainting  under  his  wounds ;  and  tho'  tliey  had  dragged  him  suddenly  from  Ills  house 
witliout  giving  liim  Time  to  provide  himself  for  a  joiuney  or  to  settle  his  affairs,  they  would  not  suffer 
him  to  return  to  his  Family  for  a  day  ;  but  insisted  that  he  should  go  forward  towards  this  City  of  New 
York,  or  Albany  ;  and  to  add  to  their  arrogance  publickly  gave  him  a  Certificate ;  that  he  had 
received  full  punishment  for  the  crime  with  which  they  had  charged  him  ;  to  wliich  Etlian  Allen 
and  Seth  Warner,  two  of  their  principal  Leaders,  did  not  hesitate  to  Subscribe  their  Names. 

That  tlie  mock  Court,  before  which  your  Petitioner  was  thus  abused  consisted  of  the  following 
persons  to  wit,  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Robert  Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  James  Mead,  Gideon 
Warren,  and  Jesse  Sawyer,  who  acted  in  the  double  office  of  Accusers  and  Judges  ;  That  no  less  than 
four  other  persons  were  appointed  to  execute  their  sentence,  to  wit  Wintlirop  Hoyt  of  Bt- anington, 
Abel  Benedict  of  Arlington  John  Sawer,  &  another  with  whose  Name  your  petitioner  is  unacquainted; 
and  that  each  of  them  alte/natly  whipped  your  petitioner  till  the  full  Number  of  two  hundi-ed  stripes 
were  inflicted. 

That  the  only  provocation  which  they  pretended  for  this  barbarous  treatment  was  that  your 
petitioner  had  complained  to  Government  of  their  former  Misconduct  towards  the  Magistrates  and 
Inhabitants  of  the  said  Counties  ;  that  he  had  discouraged  people  from  joining  them  in  their 
unwarrantable  proceedings ;  and  that  he  had  accepted  and  exercised  the  office  of  a  magistrate  for 
the  said  county  of  Charlotte  contrary  to  their  Injunctions. 

That  the  said  Rioters  have  publickly  proclaimed  tlieir  intention  to  treat  every  other  Inhabitant 
who  will  not  unite  with  them  in  their  flagitious  practices  with  the  same  severity. 

That  the  intolerable  Grievances  whicli  your  petitioner  and  others  have  sustained  and  the  Dangers 
they  are  daily  exposed  to,  from  the  said  Rioters,  are  more  fully  set  forth  in  the  several  Deposi- 
tions of  your  petitioners  Daniel  Walker  and  Sandy  Trueby  which  are  herewith  presented  to  your 
Honour,  and  to  which  to  avoid  prolixity  he  begs  leave  to  refer. 

That  your  Petitioner  is  fully  perswadt-d  tliat  unless  some  protection  is  provided  for  the  said 
suffering  inliabitants,  they  will  soon  be  cruelly  insulted  aud  abused  in  theif  persons  ;  plundered  of 
their  property  ;  and  driven  from  tlieir  Habitations  in  the  utmost  wretchedness  and  distress. 

Your  Petitioner  tlierefore  in  behalf  of  himself  and  those  much  injured  and  unhappy  people  once 


I 


le 


OONTkOVEMT   HEBrECTINO   THB   MBW   HAMPSmHB  omAim.  Ni 

more  implores  the  Interposition  of  Government  for  their  preservation  :  humbly  hoping  that  they  will 
not  be  siitTered  thus  to  fkll  victims  to  the  I^ury  of  a  licentious  and  ungovernable  Mob:  but  that  they 
will  be  rescued  from  the  ruin  whicli  hangs  over  them,  and  placed  in  that  state  of  security,  for  which 
in  a  British  Government  no  loyal  subject  ever  sued  in  vain.  And  your  petitioner  as  in  duty  bound 
shall  ever  pray  &<=. 

Bkmjamiii  Hovoh. 
(Endorsed    1776,  March  9t>>    Read  iu  Ck)uucil.) 


on 
nd 

an 
im 


AFFIDAVIT  IN  SUPPORT  OF  THE  PRECEDING  PETITION. 

TBIAL  AND   BENTENCIi:    OF   REV.  BENJAMIN   HOUGH. 

City  of  New  York,  ss.  Benjamin  Houuu  one  of  His  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the 
County  of  Charlotte  being  duly  Sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God,  deposeth  & 
salth,  that  on  or  about  the  twenty  Six  day  of  January  last  past  about  eight  o'clock  in  the  morning* 
this  Deponent  being  at  some  distance  from  His  Duelling  House,  but  in  view  tiicreof  observed  three 
persons  Stop  at  his  door  and  enter  his  Said  House,  this  Deponent's  whole  Family  (except  a  child 
of  about  Six  years  of  age)  being  absent ;  that  Immediately  thereupon,  this  Deponent  was  attacked 
by  about  thirty  persons  a  Number  of  whom  were  armed  with  Firelocks  Swords  and  Hatchets : 
That  upon  their  approach  this  Deponent  attempted  to  get  into  his  House  to  Secure  his  arms  and 
Stand  upon  his  Defence  but  that  this  Deponent  observing  that  Winthorp  Hoyt  of  Bennington  one 
of  the  three  persons  this  Deponent  had  observed  going  into  his  House  Stood  at  the  Threshold  of 
this  Deponents  Door,  with  this  Deponents  Sword  and  pistol  in  His  Hands ;  he  this  Deponent  found 
it  would  be  to  no  purpose  either  to  attempt  to  escape  or  to  make  Resistance.  That  thereupon 
Peleg  Sunderland  of  the  said  County  of  Cliarlotte,  came  up  to  this  Deponent  with  a  Hatchet  iu 
his  Hand  and  slapping  this  Deponent  on  the  Shoulder  told  him  he  was  his  prisoner.  That  he  the  said 
Peleg  Sunderland  and  the  other  persons  who  were  with  him  forced  tills  Deponent  into  a  Sleigh  and 
carried  him  about  fifty  Miles  to  the  Southward  of  this  Deponents  place  of  Residence,  to  a  place  by 
them  called  Sunderland,  where  they  kept  this  Deponent  until  the  thirtieth  of  the  said  Month  of 
January  in  close  confinement  part  of  the  Time  bound,  and  always  under  a  strong  Guard  with  drawn 
Swords.  That  Sylvanus  Brown,  James  Meed,  Samuel  Campbell,  one  Deviuels,  one  Powers,  Stephen 
Meed  one  Cooly  and  one  Lymen  were  among  the  persons  who  so  Seized  and  detained  this  Deponent 
and  with  Respect  to  the  Rest  of  them  they  were  either  Strangers  to  this  Deponent,  or  he  cannot 
recollect  their  Names  at  present.  That  while  they  had  the  Deponent  so  in  Custody  at  Sunder- 
land, some  of  the  said  Rioters  informed  this  Deponent,  that  he  could  not  have  his  Trial  till  the 
Monday  following  because  they  Intended  to  send  for  Ethan  Allen  and  Seth  Warner  who  were  then  at 
Bennington  and  who  are  two  of  the  principal  Ringleaders  of  the  Bennington  Mob.  That  on  the 
said  thirtieth  Day  of  January,  the  said  Rioters  apiwlnted  a  Court  for  the  Trial  of  this  Deponent 
which  consisted  of  the  following  persons  (to  wit)  the  said  Ethan  Allen,  Seth  Warner,  Robert 
Cochran,  Peleg  Sunderland,  James  Meed,  Gideon  Warren  and  Jesse  Sawyer,  and  they  being  seated 
ordered  this  Deponent  to  be  brought  before  tliem  :  That  he  was  accordingly  brought  before  them 
as  a  prisoner — guarded  by  persons  with  drawn  Swords.  That  thereupon  the  said  Ethan  Allen  laid 
the  three  following  Accusations  to  the  charge  of  this  Deponent  (to  wit)  1"'  That  this  Deponent 
had  complained  to  the  Government  of  New  York  of  their  [the  Rietors]  mobing  and  injuring  Ben- 
jamin Spencer  Esq'  and  other  persons.    2<»9'  That  the  Deponent  had  dissuaded  and  discouraged  the 


I 

i, 
I 


H' 


■■$■ 


m 


540 


eOMTMTEMT  UnrECTIMO  THE  MEW  HAtmHIkE  OKAIIT8. 


people  from  Joining  the  Mob  in  tiieir  proceedings  and  3<i>t  Tliat  the  Deponent  had  taken  a  com- 
mission of  tlie  peace  under  the  Government  of  New  Yorlc,  and  exercised  Ids  office  as  a  Magistrate 
Ibr  tlie  County  of  Cliarlotte,  alledging  tliat  this  Deponent  well  Icnew  tlmt  they  (the  Mob)  did  not 
allow  of  any  Magistrate  there.  That  after  tlie  said  accusations  were  so  made  tlie  said  Ethan  Alleu 
told  the  Deponent  that  he  was  at  Liberty  to  plead  for  lilmself,  if  lie  liad  anything  to  say.  That  this 
Deponent  then  demanded  of  him  tlie  said  Etlian  Allen  and  the  rest  of  tlie  pretended  Judges  wliether 
lie  (this  DciH>nent)  had  ever  done  Injustice  to  any  Man  hi  the  Execution  of  liis  Office  as  Magis- 
trate 1  To  whicli  they  answered  tlint  they  could  not  charge  him  with  any  Injustice  in  the  execution 
of  Ids  OlBce,  nor  had  they  any  complaint  of  that  kind  to  mako  against  liiiu  ;  the  said  Setli  Warner 
in  particular  declaring  that  tluy  would  as  willingly  have  liinifor  a  Magistrate  as  any  Man  whatever, 
but  that  tliey  would  not  under  their  present  cirrumstauccs  suffer  any  Magistrate  at  all.  That  the 
Deponent  then  asked  tlie  said  pretended  Jui'ges  whether  they  coidd  accuse  this  Deponent  of 
busying  himself  or  intermedliug  with  liespect  to  Titles  of  Lauds?  To  wliicli  the  said  Etlian  Allen 
answered;  in  the  Negative  and  tliat  they  liad  not  heard,  nor  did  they  pretend  to  charge  lilm  with 
any  tiling  of  tliat  kind.  That  the  Deponent  then  added  that  with  respect  to  their  tliree  charges 
against  lilm,  tliat  he  admitted  them  to  be  true.  That  he  had  made  such  complaint  to  the  Gov- 
ernment of  New  York  of  the  proceedings  of  the  said  lliotors  against  the  said  Benjamin  Spencer  and 
others.  That  he  had  used  his  Endeavours  to  dissuade  people  from  joining  the  said  Rlotors  in  their 
proceeding,  and  that  he  had  accepted  a  Commission  from  the  said  Government  fur  and  exercised  the 
office  of  a  Magistrate  for  the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  that  all  this  he  had  a  good  Right  to  do 
and  looked  upon  As  his  duty.  That  after  some  farther  argumentation  the  said  pretended  Judges 
withdrew  to  another  House  to  consider  of  their  Judgment  and  in  about  two  or  three  Hours  returned 
to  the  door  of  the  House,  where  the  Deponent  remained,  and  ordered  him  to  be  brought  -mt  near 
a  Tree,  where  the  said  pretended  Judges  placed  themselves  encircled  by  a  Number  of  armed  Men, 
into  the  Midst  of  which  Circle  this  Deponent  was  conducted  as  a  prisoner  by  four  men  with 
drawn  Swords,  and  that  thereupon  the  said  Ethan  Allen  who  all  along  acted  as  the  chief  o*' principal 
judge  pronounced  the  following  sentence  against  this  Deponent,  which  he  read  from  a  paper,  which 
he  held  in  his  hand  to  wit,  That  they  liad  erected  a  combination  of  judicious  men  for  his  Trial  and 
had  accused  him  in  the  Manner  before  mentioned  (repeating  the  accusation)  That  the  Deponent 
had  phaded  Self  Justification  which  they  (the  said  pretended  Judges)  had  found  iiisuflicient  to 
excuse  him  from  punishment,  and  that  therefore  their  Judgment  was  that  the  Deponent  should  be 
tyed  up  to  a  Tree  and  receive  two  hundred  lashes  on  the  naked  Back,  and  then  as  soon  as  lie  should 
be  able  should  depart  the  Ne\t  Hampshire  Grants  and  not  return  again  upon  pain  of  receiving  five 
hundred  Lashes.  That  upon  some  persons  observing  that  he  this  Deponent  ought  not  to  be  sutl'ered 
to  return  while  Matters  remained  in  their  present  condition,  the  said  Allen  added  no,  not  'till  his 
Majesty's  pleasure  shad  be  known  in  the  premises.  That  thereupon  this  Deponent  immediately 
had  his  Clothes  taken  «)fr  and  he  was  stripped  to  the  skin,  and  four  persons  being  by  the  said 
pretended  Court  appointed  to  carry  the  said  seni'enee  into  Execution  this  Deponent  accordingly 
received  the  two  hundred  Lashes  on  his  naked  Lack  with  whips  of  cords  ;  which  Lashes  were 
inflicted  by  each  of  the  said  Executioners  giving  tli«  Depouent  alternately  a  Number  of  Lashes,  tho' 
at  the  close  bethinks  he  received  from  each  of  them  ten.  That  the  said  Robert  Cochran  who  declared 
himself  to  be  Adjutant  of  the  Rioters  stood  during  the  whole  scene  near  this  Deponent  and  frequently 
urged  the  said  Executitmers  to  lay  on  their  Blows  well  and  to  strike  harder  and  particularly  repeated 
such  Directions  with  respect  to  the  last  ten  inflicted  by  eacli  of  the  said  Executioners.  That 
it  was  often  mentioned  by  some  of  tlie  Rioters,  that  if  any  of  this  Deponents  Friends  should 
intercede  or  in  any  Manner  favour  him  tliey  should  sliare  the  same  Fate.     That  the  aforesaid 


OONTROVBRSY    RIUPIIXTIMG    THE   MEW    HAMPkHIKE   GRAHTt. 


541 


Wiathorp  Hoyt  of  Bennington  who  professed  himself  to  be  Drum  Major  AM  Benedict  of  Arlington 
and  Jolm  Sawyer  and  u  person  wliose  Nume  this  Deponent  conlil  not  learn  were  the  four  persons  wIkj 
ao  whipped  tliis  Deponent.  That  this  Deponent  was  very  nuicli  wounded  and  bled  considerably 
by  the  said  abuse;  And  the  Deponent  Iteln^  very  faint  was  ])ut  into  the  care  of  one  Doctor  Washhu-'n 
who  oundiicted  him  into  a  House.  Tiiat  tlie  Deponent  declared  to  the  Kioters,  thai  it  was  a  ^reat 
Hardship,  tliat  he  was  not  sull'ered  to  take  care  of  his  Interest  &  Child  who  was  left  without  Fatiier 
or  Mother  ;  the  deponent's  wite  being  ubseiit  on  a  distant  visit  to  her  parents.  That  the  Rioters 
notwitiistauding  insisted  that  the  sentence  sliould  be  put  in  Execution  and  tlie  Deponent  leave  the 
Country  accordingly.  And  the  Deponent  furttier  saitii  tiiat  after  he  had  been  bo  abused  the  said 
Etiian  Allen  delivered  him  a  paper  in  writing  signed  by  him  and  Seth  Warner  in  the  woitls  and 
figures  following  to  wit, 

"  Sundorland  Jinimiy  tha  30tli  Day  A  I)  1775.     Tlils  may  oortify  tlic  Inlmliitant«  <>C  the  New  Huinpsliiru  Grniiti  tiiat 

"  Beijiimin  Ilougli  liath  Ihls  Day  rcc'd  a  t\ill  ptinlslimnnl  Tor  hlg  crlincd  co'r.!iilttcd  herutoforc  againnt  tills  Country  nud  our 

"  Iiihabltiints.arcordcrrd  to  give  )ilin  the  ad  Hull' fi-uu  and  unmok'slod  Pas|)0  t  tow.ird  thu  City  of  New  York  or  to  the  Wentward 

'  of  our  Grant*  he  behaving  m  bccometh  Qivuu  under  our  UaudH  thu  Day  and  Date  aforesaid." 

"  Ethan  Allcm" 

"  Seth  WARNta" 

And  lie  this  Deponent  having  recovered  his  sheiigtli  tiie  next  Da"  proceeded  en  Foot  on  his 
Journey  towards  tlie  City  of  New  Ynrk.  TImt  while  this  Deponent  was  in  custody  of  tlie  said 
Rioters  lie  heard  tlie  said  Fihan  Allen  say,  tliat  he  expected  they  should  be  obliged  to  drive  off  all 
tlie  Durhamites  (meaning  tlie  Inhabitants  of  the  Town  of  Diirliam  in  the  Cvunty  of  Charlotte  ) 
That  this  Deponent  frequently  heard  the  said  Rioters  Declare  that  tliey  would  liave  little  Walker 
(meaning  Daniel  Walker)  and  Thomas  Bracton  (tlie  Constable  that  served  mder  this  Deponent)  if 
they  could  be  found  above  Ground  and  tliat  they  further  threatened  that  they  would  for  the  future 
be  more  severe  with  the  damned  Yorkers  (meaning  persons  who  would  not  join  v  ith  them  in  their 
riotous  proceedings)  and  would  whip  them  within  an  Inch  of  their  Kivi  h.  That  lor  the  future  they 
would  not  be  at  the  trouble  and  expeuce  of  giving  them  a  Trial ;  but  that  the  persons  who  met 
with  should  punish  them  immediately.  That  this  Deponent  while  he  was  so  confined  heard  the 
said  Rioters  further  declare,  that  tliey  were  sorry  that  tliey  had  not  infiicted  upon  Doctor  Adams 
(who  lived  In  Arlington  and  against  wliom  tliey  had  taken  offence)  five  hundred  lashes  instead  of 
hoisting  him  up  &  exposing  him  upon  Landlord  Fay's  Sisn  post,  where  was  fi>.<.d  a  dead  Catamount. 
That  this  Deponent  also  heard  the  said  Ethan  Allen  declare  in  the  said  Mob  tliat  he  expected  shortly 
to  have  a  fight  with  the  damned  Yorkers,  fur  that  they  would  hear  huw  the  Mob  had  abused  t  ;eir 
Magistrates,  but  that  he  believed  them  to  be  damned  Cowards  or  tliat  tliey  would  have  come  out 
against  them  long  before.  That  this  Deponent  on  his  way  to  New  York  ealled  at  the  house  of  Bliss 
Willoughby  and  Ebenezer  Cole  Esq''  two  of  his  Majesties  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  County  of 
Alliany  residing  near  Bennington.  That  he  tbund  tliem  armed  in  f;i'oat  Distress  and  Danger  and 
having  people  in  their  Houses  ready  to  tnke  arms  in  tiieir  Defence  in  Case  tb.ey  should  be  attacked 
by  the  Rioters,  which  as  they  assured  tliis  Deponent  tliey  hourly  expected.  That  this  Deponent  on 
his  way  to  New  York  also  called  at  Pownal  Town  part  of  which  lies  within  tlie  Manor  of  Renselaei- 
wyck  iis  this  Deponent  has  been  inflirmed  by  tlie  Inhabitants  of  the  said  Town  |who  were|  in  great 
Coniiiiotion  and  uneasiness  on  account  <'f  the  said  Rioters.  Tliat  he  understood  from  some  of  the 
said  Inhabitanls,  that  they  had  agreed  to  take  leases  for  their  possession  under  the  proprietor  of  tiie 
silid  Manor,  but  that  they  dared  not  for  fear  of  tiie  said  Rioters  who  had  threatned  them  severely  and 
one  of  the  said  Inhabitants  in  particular  told  this  Deponent  i\rM  he  had  taken  a  Lease  tor  his  Farm 
of  the  said  proprietor  but  should  on  that  account  be  obliged  to  give  it  up.    That  when  li.is  Depo- 


k^ 


7 


\rr:'  ; 


&42 


COMTHOVEMY    RUrECTING    THK    NKW    IIAMMIIIRt   OKAMTt. 


m 


■■■f 


I 


iM-nt  left  the  said  Pownal  Town  he  met  George  Onrdlner  Emj'  of  Pownal  Town  af»)re8ald  also  one  of 
hit  Nfajesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  fi>r  the  said  County  of  Albany  wlio  told  the  Deimnent  that  the 
State  of  the  naid  Town  whs  \v\y  dangerous  and  dilllcult,  timt  he  exjx'Oted  every  day  to  be 
prevented  by  the  Uloters  from  exerclsluK  his  olflcc  That  ho  was  apprehensive  tliat  unless  Government 
shoidd  i;lv«  them  some  protection  many  of  tliv  Tnhnbitants  of  the  said  Town  would  join  the  said 
Rioters  and  earnestly  entreated  this  Deponent  to  exert  his  utmost  endeavours  to  procure  such  protec- 
tion. Tliat  tids  I)e|K)nent  on  his  way  to  New  York  «^)nversed  witli  James  Clark  who  was  in  his 
emplityand  who  informed  this  deponent  (and  which  Deponent  verily  believes  to  be  true)  that 
since  tills  Deponent  was  so  seized  by  the  said  Mob  J(»hn  I.rf)''d,  Josepii  Itandel  &  Clark  three 

«.f  this  Deponents  Neighl)oiu-s  had  been  very  nuich  abused  and  insulted  by  the  said  Mob,  and  that 
flie  S!ii(!  Joiin  Lord  was  turned  out  of  his  possessiun  ami  obliged  to  tty  tiie  Country  And  the  Deponent 
furtlicr  says  that  the  said  Mob  roblK'd  him  of  his  arms  to  wit,  a  Hanger  and  pistol  which  he  has  not 
been  able  since  to  procure.  And  the  Deponent  further  saith  that  he  has  trequently  been  informed 
and  verily  bnlieves  it  to  l)c  true  that  the  said  Hioters  have  a  design  to  put  an  End  to  I^aw  and 
Justice  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  that  they  went  so  farr  as  to  appoint  a  Day  upon  which  to 
make  the  Attempt :  but  it  did  not  then  take  place  and  further  the  Deponent  Saith  not. 

Benjamin  Houoh. 
Sworn  this  Seventh  day  of  March  MDCCLXXV. 

Before  me  Danll  Horsmanden. 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Sanoy  Tri'Ebv  of  Fairfield  in  the  Colony  of  Connecticut  Farmer  of  ftill 
age  being  sworn  deposeth  and  Saith.  that  about  the  latter  end  of  January  last  he  saw  Benjamin 
Hough  of  the  County  of  Cliarlotte  Esq'  at  the  House  of  Michael  Veel  at  a  place  called  Danby  in 
the  said  County.  That  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  was  then  a  prisoner  and  guarded  by  a  number 
of  men,  of  whom  Pcleg  Sunderland  (who  is  called  one  of  the  Captains  of  the  Mob)  appeared  to  have 
the  command.  That  the  Depcment  there  saw  one  of  the  Mob  strike  the  said  IJenjamin  Hough  ou 
his  Head  once  or  twice  with  a  sheathed  Cutlass  upon  which  the  Deponent  who  wus  a  stranger  to 
the  said  Mob  as  well  as  to  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  from  Motives  of  Humanity  interfered  and 
entreated  them  not  to  use  him  in  that  Manner  And  the  Deponent  f^irther  saith  that  he  afterwards 
saw  tlie  said  Benjamin  Hough  at  the  House  of  Justus  Sherwood  at  Sunderland  in  the  said  County, 
AYhere  he  was  also  kept  in  close  custody  by  the  said  Rioters.  That  this  Deponent  was  informed  by 
several  of  the  Rioters  that  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  had  been  tryed  found  guilty  and  condemned 
to  receive  two  hundred  Lashes  and  that  they  had  accordingly  laid  them  on  well :  but  this  Deponent 
was  not  present  at  either  of  the  said  Transactions.  That  John  Sawyer  of  Arlington  informed  this 
Deponent  that  he  had  given  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  fifty  of  the  said  Lashes  well  laid  on,  and 
further  saith  not. 

Sakdy  Trulby. 

Sworn  tlds  Seventh  Day  of  March  MDCCLXXV. 

Beibre  me  Dani.  Hohsmandicn. 


City  of  New  York  ss  :  Daniel  Walker  of  the  Township  of  Durham  in  the  County  of  Charlotte 
Farmer  being  duly  sworn  on  the  holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  deposeth  and  Saith  that  he  is 
an  Inhabitant  of  a  Tract  of  Land  eulh'd  Duilinm  which  was  originally  settled  by  people  from  Rhode 
Island  under  the  claim  of  John  Henry  Lidius  and  afterwards  granted  to  the  said  settlers  under  tlie 


COMTftOVKMV    ■UPUTINO   THK  MEW   UAMPaHIRK  OBAMTt. 


641 


great  Seal  of  the  province  of  New  York.  That  he  this  Deponent  was  present  when  Etiian  Allen, 
Setli  Warner,  liubert  Coclirun,  Felcg  Siitulfriunil,  Uememlx-r  Baker  uail  others  of  the  Uitiiiiiigtoii 
Rioters  lielil  a  pretended  (Jotirt  lor  the  Trial  uf  Ueujamia  Spencer  Ktuj'  one  of  his  MtOesty'ri 
Ju^ttlces  of  the  i)eace  for  the  said  County  of  Charlotte,  and  saw  the  said  Kiuters  In  part  pull  down 
deiuolisli  and  burn  tiie  dwelliuK  iiouso  of  tlic  salti  Benjamin  Spencer.  That  the  next  day  this 
Deponent  passing  by  tlio  <lwelling  house  of  Simpson  Jennings  then  Coroner  of  the  said  County  ;  tlie 
said  Robert  Cucliran  being  in  Company  with  tlie  said  Remember  Baker  ordered  tids  deponent  to 
remove  the  Cribs  of  Corn  which  were  near  tlie  dwelling  house  of  tlie  said  Simpson  Jennings  adding 
we  well  send  our  Boys  Immediutely  to  set  the  house  in  flames.  That  tlie  Dei)onent  did  nut  tliinlc 
proper  to  comply  with  the  orders  of  the  said  Robert  Cochran  ;  but  went  to  his  own  house,  [torn 
whence  he  saw  the  house  of  tiie  said  Simpson  Jennings  in  flames  which  reduced  It  to  ashes.  And 
tills  Deponent  further  says,  that  lie  has  always  acted  orderly  and  peaceably  towards  Government 
and  inotfensively  towards  his  Neighbours.  Tliat  he  hath  nevertheless  incurred  the  Resentment  of 
the  said  Mob  who  have  from  Jme  to  time  threat. ^ed  to  abuse  him  and  turn  him  out  of  possession 
of  his  l4ind.  And  as  tliis  Dei>onent  has  been  .iitormed  and  verily  behoves  to  be  true  they  have  also 
frequently  tlireatned  to  burn  Ills  housf  over  )'!!>  Mead.  And  this  Deponent  saitli  that  he  was  under 
oontinual  apprehensions  uf  great  danger  to  ni:*  person  &  property  by  Reason  of  the  said  threats 
and  violent  proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  und  thong  u  it  nec\  ssary  for  Ids  own  preservation  (as  In 
iUct  lie  hutli  done)  to  keep  Fire  Arms  loaded  in  his  (> ..  lling  house  that  he  ndglit  be  ready  to  stand 
on  his  defence  whenever  ho  should  be  attacked,  ii  id  the  deponent  further  suith  that  being  Informed 
that  Benjamin  Hougli  Esqf  one  of  his  '•'iesty's  Justices  '  the  peace  for  the  said  County  of 
Charlotte  was  seized  and  carried  otf  by  die  ;  aid  Bennington  liioters  this  Deponent  and  some  other 
persons  made  preparations  tu  rescue  him,  but  found  It  was  too  late.  Tliat  a  few  days  al'terwards  this 
deponent  being  on  a  visit  to  Pownal  Town  met  with  the  said  Benjamin  Kough  after  he  had  been 
abused  beaten  and  set  at  Liberty  by  tlie  said  Rioters.  That  the  said  Benjamin  Hough  shewed  him 
his  naked  back  which  was  then  sore  and  appeared  to  have  been  much  cut  &  wounded  and  the 
waistcoat  which  he  then  wore  was  stiff  with  Blood.  That  the  Deponent  on  his  said  Journey  to 
pownal  was  informed  that  a  message  had  been  left  for  him  hy  one  of  his  Neighbours,  that  the  Mob 
had  sworn  that  they  would  have  hlra  if  ho  was  above  Ground.  That  this  Deponent  shortly  after- 
wards received  a  letter  from  his  Wite,  informing  him  that  if  he  would  make  an  acknowledgment  to 
the  Mob  and  Join  them  in  their  proceedings  or  contribute  towards  their  support,  it  might  be  safe 
for  him  to  return  to  his  house,  if  not,  it  would  be  best  for  him  to  keep  away.  That  this  Deponent 
not  being  able  to  reconcile  to  his  conscience  the  terms  imposed  on  him  by  the  said  Rioters,  and  being 
at  the  same  time  apprehew.  i.  •  of  real  danger  from  the  said  Mob  to  his  person  in  case  he  sliould 
return,  is  from  motives  oi  ^elf  preservation  obliged  to  quit  his  Habitation  and  Family  and  is  well 
persuaded  that  he  cannot  with  any  Degree  of  safety  return  Home  without  Danger  from  the  said 
Rioters.  That  this  T^eponent  on  his  way  to  New  York  called  at  the  House  of  Bliss  Wllloughby 
Esq'  one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  for  the  County  of  Albany  residing  near  Bennington. 
That  he  Ibun.l  nlm  armed  in  great  distress  &  danger  and  having  people  in  his  House  ready  to  take 
arms  in  his  Defence  in  Case  he  should  be  attacked  by  the  Rioters  which  he  assured  this    Deponent 

he  iiourly  expected.    And  ftirther  this  deponent  saith  not. 

Daniel  Walker  Jun^ 
Sworn  before  me  this  T'h  Day  of  March  MDCCLXXV. 

Danl  Horsmanden. 


Mr 


CONTROVERSY    RESPECTING   THE   NSW   HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


City  of  New  York  ss:  Benjamin  Hough  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  Esquire  and  Daniel  Walker 
of  same  County  Farmer  being  duly  sworn,  depose  and  say,  tliat  among  other  Distresses  which  tlie 
Inhabitants  of  Durham  and  others  in  the  said  County  well  affected  to  Government  labour  under,  it 
is  a  generall  complaint  (wliich  these  Deponents  have  frequently  Iieard  and  verily  believe  to  be  true) 
tiiat  they  cannot  have  the  Benefit  of  the  Law,  or  by  any  Means  recover  the  just  Debts  owing  to  them 
by  the  Rioters,  or  any  of  their  party;  while  the  Slierifl'  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  or  Ids  officers  are 
permitted  and  encouraged  by  the  Mob  to  serve  processes  upon  all  who  are  fi'iends  to  Government 
And  tiiese  Deponents  have  also  understood,  and  verily  believe  that  neither  the  said  Sheriff  or  his 
Oificers  dare  to  ventiu-e  witliin  the  District,  wliere  the  Rioters  live,  without  express  leave  irom  the 
Leaders  of  the  Mob.  Tliat  these  Deponents  have  heard  it  frequently  mentioned  in  conversation 
and  verily  believe  it  to  be  true,  that  about  a  twelve  montli  since,  one  of  the  Sheriffs  Deputies,  wliose 
Name  these  Deponents  think  was  Hide  was  escorted  by  Robert  Cochran  one  of  the  principal  Leaders 
of  the  Rioters  (who  was  armed  M'ith  a  sword  and  pistols)  in  order  to  assist  tlie  said  Officer  in  serving 
Writts  on  several  persons,  esteemed  by  the  Rioters  Friends  to  Government,  which  as  these  Depo- 
nents understood  and  verily  believe  were  served  accordingly.  And  these  Deponents  further  say 
that  they  have  repeatedly  lieard  several  of  their  Neighbors  in  and  about  Durham  declare  that  they 
had  obtained  processes  out  of  the  Inleriour  Court  of  Common  pleas  for  the  said  County  for  just 
Debts  due  to  them  from  people  of  the  party  of  the  said  Rioters,  but  that  they  never  were  able  to 
get  any  of  them  executed  and  further  these  Deponents  say  not. 

Benjamin  Hough 

Daniel  Walker 
Sworn  before  me  this  eighteenth  Day  of  March  MDCCLXXV 

Danl  Horsmanden. 


INFORMATION  RECEIVED  OF  A  RIOT  IN  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

In  Council  March  21»t  1775. 
His  Honor  the  Lieutenant  Governor  informed  the  Council,  that  he  had  called  them  together 
in  Consequence  of  Ids  liaving  received  Information  of  some  Violent  Outrages  and  Disorders 
which  have  lately  happened  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  that  he  had  requested  Coll  Wells  and 
Crean  Brush  Esq'  the  Representatives  of  the  said  County  to  attend  with  the  Persons  who  are  said  to 
have  brought  the  Intelligence.  The  said  Coll  WeUs  and  M'  Brush  with  the  two  Persons  who  came 
Express  attending  accordingly  were  called  in,  and  being  desired  to  give  a  Relation  of  what  had 
happened.  M'  Brush  informed  his  Honor  and  the  Board  that  on  Monday  the  13t><  day  of  tliislnst. 
about  eighty  Persons  assembled  and  took  Possession  of  the  Court  House  in  Westminster  in  t1i« 
County  of  Cumberland,  in  order  to  prevent  tlie  opening  and  holding  of  the  Courts  of  Common  Pleas 
and  General  Sessions  of  the  Peace  which  were  to  come  on  the  Ensuing  Day:  That  they  were  in  Part 
Armed  and  it  was  then  said  that  otliers  were  gathering  and  arming  to  join  them.  That  the  Sherif 
and  Magistrates  Assembled  and  sent  several  Messages  to  the  Rioters  desiring  and  warning  them  to 
leave  the  Court  House,  that  they  repeatedly  i-efused  and  violently  drove  from  the  Door  the  said 
Messengers.  That  the  Sherif  and  Magistrates  then  went  to  the  Court  House  and  by  Public  Pro- 
clamation required  the  Mob  to  depart,  and  upon  their  refusal  the  Magistrates  ordered  three  Guns 
to  be  fired  into  the  Room  but  above  the  Door  and  in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  injure  their  Persons, 
That  thereupon  the  Mob  returned  the  Fire  upon  the  Magistrates  and  their  Assistants  and  wounded 


CONTROTERSY    RGSPECTINQ    THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


545 


Mr  Justice  Butterfield,  when  the  Magistrates  fired  upon  the  said  Mob  and  a  Violent  affray  ensued, 
in  which  one  of  the  Rioters  was  killed  and  nine  wounded,  That  on  the  next  day  the  Justices  opened 
the  said  Coui-t  and  were  proceeding  to  Business  when  a  number  of  Persons  partly  of  the  said 
County  and  partly  from  the  Provinces  of  the  Mas?achusetts  Bay  and  New  Hampshire  assembled, 
Surrounded  the  Court  House  and  made  the  Judges  Sheriff  Clerk  of  tlie  said  Court  and  several  other 
Persons  their  Prisoners,  and  have  Confined  them  in  the  County  Goal,  That  one  Cockran  who 
is  a  notorious  Ringleader  of  the  Riots  at  Bennington,  was  a  principal  in  this  Mob,  and  that  the 
Rioters  have  threatned  to  try  by  their  own  Authority  the  Magistrates  and  others  whom  they  have 
taken  Prisoners  for  the  Massacry,  as  they  Terra  it,  which  they  have  committed — ^And  the  said  Coll 
Wells,  M'  Brush  and  the  Expresses  being  withdrawn :  His  Honor  required  the  advice  of  the 
Council  in  this  Emergency. 

The  Council  humbly  advise  that  the  two  Persons  who  came  Express  do  severally  put  into 
Writing  the  particular  Circumstances  relating  to  this  Affair  and  attest  to  the  same,  and  that  his 
Honor  do  send  the  said  Depositions  to  the  General  Assembly  together  with  a  Message  warmly  urging 
them  to  proceed  immediately  to  the  consideration  of  this  important  Intelligence  and  adopt  some 
effectual  Measures  by  which  a  total  stop  may  be  put  to  Evils  of  so  Alarming  a  Nature,  and  the 
principal  Aiders  and  Abettors  of  such  Violent  Outrages  brought  to  Condign  Punishment. 


RIOT  AND  BLOODSHED  IN  CUMERLAND  COUNTY 

City  of  New  York,  ss  :  Oliver  Church  of  Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  of  the 
Age  of  nineteen  years  and  Joseph  Hancock  of  Hopkinson  in  the  County  of  Middesex  in  the 
province  of  Massachusetts  Bay  Taylor  of  full  age  being  duly  Sworn  severally  make  Oath,  and  first 
the  said  Oliver  Church  for  himself  saith  that  on  the  Saturday  next  before  the  Tuesday  on  wliich 
the  last  Inferiour  Courts  of  Common  Pleas  and  General  Quarter  Sessions  for  tlie  County  of  Cum- 
berland was  to  be  held  he  returned  home  to  Brattleborough  aforesaid  having  been  absent  about 
two  months.  That  the  Deponent  then  heard  it  currently  reported  at  Brattleborough  that  the  Rioters 
had  threatened  they  would  meet  in  a  Body  to  prevent  his  Majestys  Judges  and  Justices  from 
opening  the  said  Inferiour  Courts.  Tiiat  on  the  next  day  being  Sunday  William  Patterson 
Esquire  High  Sheriff  of  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  came  to  Brattleborough  and  confirmed  the 
said  Report  and  desired  the  Inhabitants  to  go  with  him  the  next  day  to  Westminster  the  Town 
where  the  said  Courts  were  to  be  held  to  assist  him  in  keeping  the  peace  and  Suppressing  the 
Rioters.  That  on  the  next  morning  being  Monday  the  thirteenth  day  of  this  Instant  March  the 
Deponent  with  several  other  Inhabitants  of  Brattleborough  to  tlie  number  of  about  twenty-five 
unarmed  except  with  Staves  attended  the  said  Slieriff  from  Brattleborough  to  Westminster  and 
upon  the  Road  were  joined  by  about  as  many  more  from  other  Townships  about  fourteen  of  whom 
had  Fire  Arms.  That  upon  their  arrival  at  Westminster  about  sunset  they  found  the  Court  House 
had  been  taken  possession  of  by  between  Eighty  and  ninety  People  many  of  whom  had  Fire  Arms 
and  tlie  rest  in  general  had  Staves  that  they  appeared  very  riotous  and  Tumultuous.  That  tlie 
said  Sheriff  immediately  went  up  to  the  Court  House  and  demanded  Entrance,  which  they  refused 
guarding  all  the  doors.  That  thereupon  the  Sheriff  with  a  loud  voice  made  Proclamation  for  the 
said  Rioters  to  disperse.  That  several  of  the  said  Rioters  and  in  Particular  one  Cliarles  Davenport 
of  Fulham  in  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  Carpenter  cried  out  that  they  would  stay  as  long  as 
Vol.  IV.  69 


il 


i 


i 


S46 


CONTKOTERSY    RESPECTING   THE  MEW   HAMPSIIIHE   GRANTS. 


they  pleased  and  that  neither  the  said  Sheriff  or  any  of  his  men  should  have  entrance  there  and  that 
if  lie  offered  to  take  possession  of  the  said  Court  House  they  would  send  him  and  all  his  men  to 
Hell  in  fil'teen  minutes.  That  soon  after  the  said  Slieriif  sent  the  Deponent  and  the  Deponents  Fatiier 
with  warrants  to  collect  farther  assistance  and  tlie  Deponent  of  his  own  Knowledge  can  depose^ 
nothing  further  of  the  Transactions  of  tlie  said  Rioters  at  tlie  Court  House  being  prevented  irom 
returning  by  being  taken  Sick  through  Fatigue.  Tliat  besides  the  above  named  Charles  Davenport 
he  saw  among  the  Rioters  who  had  so  taken  possession  of  the  Court  House, — Leonard  Spalding 
of  Putney  Farmer,  Hosea  Miller  of  Fulham  yeoman  and  Daniel  Serjeant  of  Fulham  Farmer  all  these 
appeared  to  be  principally  active  and  besides  these  the  Deponent  recollects  to  have  seen  among  the 
said  Rioters  Fairbank  Moore  Junior  of  Fulham  Farmer,  and  Ellas  Wilder  Junior  of  Fulham  Farmer. 
Tliat  both  the  above  Deponents  have  heard  and  verily  believe  it  to  be  true  it  being  the  common 
Report  that  alterwards  on  the  Evening  of  the  same  tliirteenth  day  of  March  the  said  Sheriff  and 
the  Magistrates  after  having  Repeatedly  required  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse  without  effect  did  about 
nine  of  the  clock  in  the  Evening  pick  out  Ten  or  a  dozen  of  his  Party  and  arming  them  with  staves 
except  one  wlio  liad  a  Sword  and  directed  them  to  take  possession  of  the  Court  House  that  they 
attempted  *t  twice  but  were  beat  back,  tliat  thereupon  to  intimidate  them  three  Guns  were  fired 
over  their  heads  just  above  the  Door,  That  tliereupon  the  mob  relumed  tlie  fire  from  the  House. 
That  one  of  their  Balls  entered  the  Cuff  of  the  Coat  of  lienjamin  Butterfield  Esquire  one  of  his 
Majestys  Justices  of  the  Peace  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland  which  went  out  of  the  elbow 
without  hurting  him  and  another  went  tliroiigli  his  Coat  Sleeve  and  just  grazed  the  Skin.  That 
a  pistol  was  discharged  by  one  of  tlie  Rioters  at  Beiijuniiii  Butterfield  the  Son  of  the  above  named 
Justice  Butterfield  so  near  that  the  Powder  burnt  a  large  hole  in  the  breast  of  his  Coat  and  one 
William  Williams  received  a  large  wound  in  the  head  by  one  of  the  Btills  discharged  by  the  said 
Rioters.  Tiiat  thereupon  the  Sheriffs  Party  to  the  number  of  four  or  five  fired  upon  the  Rioters 
and  killed  one  besides  wounding  several  others  when  the  Sheriff  Commanded  his  Party  not  fire  any 
more  but  to  pusli  foward  with  their  Staves  whicli  they  did  and  finally  took  possession  of  tlie  Court 
House  after  much  Resistance  and  several  of  the  Rioters  Prisoners  that  thereupon  the  Rioters  sent 
Parties  all  armed  to  New  Hampshire  and  the  Nelglibouring  Counties  for  more  force.  That  the 
next  morning  the  Prisoners  so  taken  were  discharged  certain  accounts  having  been  received  that  the 
Rioters  were  returning  with  Reinforcements  and  the  deponent  Oliver  Church  farther  saith  that  on 
Wednesday  the  fifteenth  Instants  being  at  Brattleborough  he  saw  about  sixty  Rioters  going  towards 
Westminster  armed  and  headed  by  one  Cochran  who  said  lie  was  the  Captain  of  tlie  Green 
Moimtain  Boys  and  declared  he  would  have  Revenge  for  the  man  that  was  killed  and  those  that 
vvere  wounded  and  his  Company  declared  in  general  that  they  would  liave  blood  for  blood  particu- 
larly saying  that  they  would  have  the  Blood  of  the  said  Slieriff  Samuel  Gale  Clerk  of  the  said  County 
and  one  Lieutenant  Osg*  tl:  And  the  said  Joseph  Hancock  for  himself  further  deposeth  and  saith 
that  he  was  warned  by  the  said  Oliver  Church  to  go  to  Westminister  to  the  assistance  of  the  Sheriff 
and  Magistrates  Tliat  he  went  from  Brattleborough  early  on  Tuesday  morning  the  fourteenth  instant 
with  about  fourteen  others  and  met  several  Flying  parties  of  the  Mob  who  said  there  would  be 
another  Rally  and  they  expected  a  second  Engagement  That  when  they  arrived  at  Westminister 
which  was  about  noon  of  that  Day  they  found  the  Court  had  p^et  and  adjounied  to  the  afternoon  and 
that  every  thing  was  in  great  confusion  from  an  expectation  of  the  Return  of  the  Rioters  That  in  the 
afternoon  of  that  day  tlie  Rioters  began  to  come  up  in  several  parties  wliereupon  as  the  Deponent  has 
heard  and  believes  the  Judges  adjourned  the  Courts  to  the  next  Town  no  Business  having  been  done 
Tliat  on  the  evening  of  the  same  day  tlie  Deponent  was  in  the  said  Coiu-t  House  with  the  said  Sheriff 
thsmob  having  by  tbit  time  collected  a  Strong  Body  to  the  amount  of  about  Three  hundred,    That 


ri: 


OOMTKOTEUT  UIPKCTIMO  THE  MEW  HAMPSHIRC  eSAMTt. 


547 


two  of  them  came  Into  the  Court  House  to  the  said  Sheriff  one  of  whom  threatned  and  insulted  the 
Slierilf  and  declared  that  the  Judges  should  1)6  brought  out  before  tlie  Mob  and  make  acknowledge- 
ments to  their  satisfaction  That  they  would  pull  down  tiie  Court  House  That  the  Slierifl"  and 
all  that  had  a  hand  in  perpetrating  the  horrid  Massacre  as  he  expressed  hiniself  should  be  taken  into 
custody  and  put  in  irons.  That  the  Deponent  went  out  of  tlie  Court  House  when  it  was  imme- 
diately surrounded  by  the  Mob  who  took  possession  of  the  Doors  and  would  let  none  but  their 
own  party  into  or  out  of  th<e  House  That  as  soon  as  tlie  Deponent  got  out  of  the  house  he  understood 
from  General  talk  out  of  doors  that  the  People  from  Fulham  Putney  and  the  neighbouring  Towns 
had  come  up  so  exasperated  that  they  had  determined  to  fire  upon  every  person  they  should  find  in 
the  Court  House  until  they  had  taken  their  own  satiefactiou  but  that  tliey  had  been  prevented  by 
some  who  came  from  New  Hampshire  That  as  soon  as  the  said  Mob  had  taken  possession  of  the 
Court  House  as  last  above  mentioned  and  had  thereby  made  prisoners  of  the  Sheriff  and  some  of  his 
party  and  also  of  some  of  the  Magistrates  they  sent  out  several  parties  to  pick  up  such  of  the 
Sheriff's  party  as  they  could  find  and  to  waylay  the  Roads  that  they  should  not  escape  and  the 
Deponent  saith  he  saw  a  Fiody  of  about  twelve  with  a  Leader  come  to  Tavern  in  Westminister  to 
apprehend  one  Knights  an  Attorney  one  Seijeant  a  Constable  and  the  said  William  Williams  all  of 
the  Sheriffs  Posse  That  the  next  morning  about  eight  or  nine  o'clock  the  Deponent  going  towards 
the  Court  House  saw  a  Party  of  the  Rioters  who  had  made  Prisoner  of  Oliver  Wells  who  is  one 
of  the  son's  of  Judge  Wells  and  M»  Hill  an  Inhabitant  of  Westminister  both  of  whom  they  carried 
to  and  imprisoned  in  the  Court  House  That  shortly  after  this  Leonard  Spalding  above  mentioned 
charged  the  Deponent  with  having  been  one  of  those  who  came  to  reinforce  the  Sheriff  whereupon 
he  was  surrounded  stopt  and  examined  but  was  at  length  permitted  to  go  at  large  upon  proof  being 
given  that  he  was  not  an  Inhabitant  of  this  province  That  shortly  after  the  Deponent  saw  one 
Thomas  Ellis  one  of  the  Sheriffs  posse  seized  by  another  Party  of  the  Rioters  and  confined  in  the 
Court  house  and  soon  after  being  at  tl>e  House  of  Crean  Brush  Esquire  he  saw  a  fresh  party  of  about 
three  hundred  Rioters  armed  headed  by  Solomon  Hervey  of  Fulham  Practitioner  of  Physic  who 
arrived  with  a  Drum  beating  having  in  their  Custody  lour  more  ot  the  Sheriffs  party  who  being  on 
their  way  home  had  been  intercepted  by  this  Party  of  the  Rioters  and  after  they  had  been  examined 
by  them  before  the  Court  House  were  dismissed  first  being  disarmed  and  had  a  pass  given  them 
Signed  by  the  said  Solomon  Hervey  who  was  lately  appointed  a  Colonel  among  them  at  a  County 
Convention  held  about  three  weeks  btibre  at  Westminister  for  Redress  of  Grievances  when  they 
appointed  as  the  Deponent  has  heard  and  believes  a  variety  of  Field  Oflicers  to  command  their 
Forces  That  upon  the  morning  ot'  this  Day  as  the  Deponent  passed  and  repassed  among  the  mob 
he  observed  they  were  very  violent  and  from  what  the  Deponent  heard  them  say  to  one  another 
he  is  apprehensive  of  the  worst  consequences  to  the  persons  confined  by  them  as  aforesaid  some 
of  the  Mob  speaking  as  tlio'  they  were  desirous  to  fire  voUies  thro- the  House  others  as  tho'  they 
wanted  to  have  the  Sheriff  turned  out  to  them  and  one  man  in  particular  said  his  flesh  crawled  to  be 
tomahawking  them  that  they  called  tliose  who  are  for  supporting  order  and  Government  Tories  and 
tlie  Deponent  heard  many  of  the  Rioters  say  they  saw  now  what  the  damned  Tories  would  be  at  that 
tliey  were  a  pack  of  murderers  and  they  wanted  to  serve  them  in  their  own  kind  that  in  the  mean 
time  the  wife  of  the  said  Samuel  Gale  and  ihe  wife  of  the  above  mentioned  M'  Hill  obtained  leave 
to  speak  to  their  Husbands  under  conf.iiement  in  the  Court  House  as  aforesaid  and  upon  their 
return  M"  Gale  told  the  Deponent  tlutt  her  Husband  had  an  opportunity  of  speaking  to  her  in  a 
wliisper  to  desire  her  to  send  the  Deponent  to  Mr»  Wells  her  mother  requesting  slie  would  send 
somebody  immediately  to  t'ne  City  of  New  York  to  acquaint  Colonel  Wells  and  M'  Brush  of  the 
proceedings  of  the  said  Rioters  that  the  Governor  and  Council  might  be  apprized  of  their  Situation 


Id 


I 

I 


> 


! 


i 


I   i 


!  i 


M8 


CONTSOTERST   RXSPECTIIfO  THE  NEW  HAMTSHISE  GRANTS. 


and  send  them  relief  without  Delay  at  the  same  time  desiring  that  she  would  send  some  Person  upon* 
whom  no  suspicion  could  fall  for  that  he  feared  if  the  Rioters  discovered  the  attempt  they  would 
massacre  the  Prisoners  without  mercy  that  tlie  Deponent  at  M"  Gales  request  Immediately  set  off  to 
Brattleborougli  with  tliis  message  to  Mf  Wells  and  went  in  company  witli  those  who  had  tlie  pass 
from  Solomon  Hervey  as  abovementloned  that  they  had  not  got  a  mile  on  their  Journey  before  they 
were  taken  Prisoners  again  by  another  party  of  the  Mob  but  were  released  upon  producing  the  said 
pass  That  upon  the  Qoad  the  Deponent  saw  Robert  Cockran  armed  with  a  Sword  and  Pistols  who 
said  he  was  Captain  of  the  Boys  of  the  Green  mountains  Tliat  there  was  Fifty  pounds  reward 
offered  for  taking  him  and  tauntingly  asked  why  the  Deponent  and  those  that  were  with  him  did 
not  attempt  it  That  the  said  Robert  Cockran  said  he  was  going  to  Westminister  to  see  the  matter 
settled  and  have  Revenge  that  he  had  left  his  Party  passing  the  West  River  that  he  had  heard 
that  Lawyer  Knights  Josiah  Arms  of  Brattleborough  and  Lieutenant  Osgood  of  New  Fane  had 
assisted  tlie  Slieriff  and  that  he  would  have  tliem  if  they  continued  upon  Earth  that  he  would  see 
who  was  for  the  Lord  and  who  was  for  Balaam  that  shortly  the  Deponent  met  the  party  of  the  said 
Rottert  Cockran  consisting  of  about  forty  or  fifty  men  mostly  armed  That  upon  the  Deponent's 
arrival  at  Judge  Wells'  M'*  Wells  desired  the  Deponent  and  the  said  Oliver  Church  to  proceed  to 
New  York  with  this  information  with  all  speed  That  they  set  off  a  little  after  midnight  the  same 
day  and  arrived  here  in  the  afternoon  of  Monday  last  and  tlie  Deponent  saith  that  he  doth  not  know 
the  Name  of  any  of  the  said  Rioters  except  the  said  Robert  Cockran  the  Deponent  being  an 
Inhabitant  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  a  Stranger  in  that  part  of  tiiis  Province  and  furtlier  the 
Deponents  say  not. 

Oliver  Church 
Sworn  in  Council  the  22nd  March  1775  before  me  Joseph  Hancock. 

Dan.  Hobsmanden. 

And  the  Deponents  further  say  that  the  pretext  for  the  Discontents  in  the  said  County  of  Cumber- 
land as,  given  out  by  some  is  tliat  many  persons  were  sued  for  Debts  and  were  at  the  same  Time 
unable  to  recover  what  is  due  to  them  in  the  Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  that  they  believe 
a  design  was  formed  and  entred  upon  for  shutting  up  the  Courts  of  Justice  to  prevent  those  who 
were  in  Debt  from  being  prosecuted  by  their  Creditors. 

Oliver  Church 
Sworn  in  Council  the  22<><i  March  1775  before  me  Joseph  Hancock. 

Dan.  Hobsmanden. 

New  York  Secretarys  Office  March  23>>  1775. 


City  of  New  York  ss.  John  Griffin  of  the  Township  of  Brattleborough  in  the  County  of  Cum- 
berland, farmer,  being  duly  sworn  on  the  Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God  Deposeth  and  saith 
tliat  this  Deponent  on  the  thirteenth  Day  of  March  last  (the  Day  before  the  sitting  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  and  quarter  Sessions  for  the  said  County  of  Cumberland)  towards  the  evening  came 
into  Westminster  the  County  Town  where  the  Courts  lor  the  said  County  are  held.  That  this 
Deponent  found  that  a  great  number  of  persons  riotously  assembled,  not  less  he  believes  than  Eighty 
had  taken  possession  of  the  Court  House  &  Goal  of  the  said  County  &  a  number  of  persons  armed 
with  Clubs  were  guarding  the  Doors,  which  this  Deponent  was  informed  was  done  in  order  to  prevent 
the  Court  £rom  Sitting  or  doing  any  Business.    That  the  Sheriff  went  up  to  tlie  Door  of  the  Court 


OOIITKOTXBST  KKSraCTIWa  TRS  WW  RAMFAinBE  GHAUTS. 


U» 


House  and  ordered  the  said  Rioters  to  disperse  &  gave  them  as  the  Deponent  then  understood  & 
verily  believes  fifteen  minutes  time  to  comply  therewith.  Tliat  the  Sheriff  waited  between  two  & 
three  hours  expecting  the  said  Rioters  would  depart  from  the  said  Court  house  and  Goal,  but  finding 
they  did  not  he  went  up  to  tlie  said  Court  House  a  second  time  attended  by  some  of  the  Magistrates 
&  a  party  of  Men  and  repeated  his  orders  that  they  should  immediately  disperse  which  they  refused ; 
declaring  thai  if  he  or  any  other  person  attempted  to  come  into  the  Court  house  they  would  beat  out 
their  Brains.  That  the  Sheriff  then  attempted  to  enter  the  Court  house  &  advanced  to  the  upper- 
most of  the  three  steps  which  led  to  tlie  Door  but  was  pushed  or  Icnocked  down  by  the  Rioters 
and  renewing  his  Attempt  a  second  time  received  the  same  Treatment.  That  a  few  of  the  Sheriff's 
posse  forced  themselves  into  the  Court  house  but  were  beat  back  by  the  Clubs  of  the  Rioters.  That 
the  Sheriff  then  ordered  tlie  posse  to  fire.  That  it  is  said  &  generally  understood  that  the  first  fire 
from  the  Sheriffs  posse  was  only  intended  to  intimidate  the  Rioters  the  Guns  having  been  directed 
to  be  &  accordingly  were  raised  with  that  Intent  so  high  as  that  cliarges  might  pass  over  the  Heads 
of  the  Rioters.  Tliat  the  Rioters  returned  a  Discharge  of  Guns  or  Pistols  on  their  part.  That  the 
Sheriil's  posse  then  fired  tliree  or  four  Guns  into  the  Court  house.  That  orders  were  given  by  the 
Sheriff  for  the  firing  to  cease  and  no  more  fire  arms  were  discharged  on  eitlier  side  That  the 
Sheriff  &  his  posse  then  forced  tlieir  Way  into  tlie  Court  house  with  Clubs  and  an  eugagament 
ensued  in  which  the  Rioters  were  defeated  &  fled.  Tliat  one  of  the  party  of  the  Rioters  William 
French  lost  his  life  by  a  Musket  Ball,  that  four  others  of  the  Rioters  were  wounded.  That  of  the 
Sheriffs  posse  a  Magistrate  and  some  other  persons  were  slightly  wounded.  That  the  Slieriif  thus 
became  possessed  of  the  Court  House  &  Goal  &  tilings  remained  in  Quiet  for  that  night.  Tliat  the 
Court  was  opened  next  morning  at  the  usual  hour  and  adjourned  to  the  afternoon.  That  in  the 
afternoon  they  were  surprized  by  an  Account  that  a  large  party  of  arn  ed  men  were  coming  over 
from  New  Hampshire  &  apprehending  it  might  be  w  ith  a  Design  to  interrupt  the  Business  the  C  jurt 
thought  fit  to  adjourn  to  the  ensuing  June  Term.  That  the  Judges  Sherif  Clerk  &  officers  remained 
at  the  Court  house  where  they  usually  diet  during  the  Sitting  of  the  Court.  That  a  few  hours  after- 
wards another  party  armed  came  in  from  Fulham  &  putney  in  the  said  County  consisting  of  about 
forty,  who  as  this  Deponent  then  understood  and  verily  believes,  after  putting  it  to  vote^  declared 
that  they  would  immediately  fire  into  the  Court  house  &  kill  &  destroy  every  person  there.  That  the 
Leaders  of  the  party  from  New  Hampshire  interposed  &  prevented  the  horrid  Resolution  from  being 
executed,  by  guarding  all  the  Doors  &  passages  into  the  Court  house  That  the  said  Rioters  from 
Fulham  &  Putney  expressed  the  greatest  Indignation  and  Concern  in  being  disappointed  of  their 
intended  Revenge  &  that  many  of  them  cried  aloud  with  Vexation.  That  they  next  insisted  that  the 
Judges  Slieriff  Clerk  &  others  who  were  thus  in  prison  in  the  Court  house  should  be  closely  confined  in 
the  Goal,  to  which  the  party  from  New  Hampshire  consented,  &  accordingly  put  them  all  in  one  of 
the  prison  Rooms ;  the  Key  of  which  was  kept  by  one  Butterfield  the  Head  of  the  said  New  Hamp- 
shire party  and  there  they  were  kept  in  close  Custody  from  Wednesday  Night  till  Sunday  Noon.  That 
on  the  Wednesday  Evening  as  he  thinks  Robert  Cockran  proposed  to  destroy  tlie  Court  house  and 
all  the  persons  in  it  and  declared  that  he  would  beat  up  for  volunteers  the  next  morning,  that  this  he 
accordingly  did  the  next  Day  &  inlisted  (as  tliis  Deponent  was  informed  and  verily  believes)  about 
one  hundred  Men  that  it  was  then  put  to  vote  by  tliis  Company  (as  this  Deponent  then  understood  & 
verily  believes)  whether  they  should  burn  the  Court  House  and  all  wlio  were  in  it  and  it  was 
determined  in  favor  of  this  inhuman  Resolution  ;  but  that  tlie  party  from  New  Hampshire  again 
interposed  &  prevented  its  taking  effect.  That  Cockran  and  his  party  frequently  proposed  trying  the 
said  Magistrates  and  officers  of  Justice  by  a  Court  Martial  and  punishing  tiiem  on  the  Spot ;  but  this 
was  prevented  also  by  the  New  Hampshire  party.    That  the  Rioters  declared  that  they  would  suffer 


650 


OOMTEOTUay   KIttECTIMO  THE  KBW   HAMnUtkX  OBAMTS. 


i 


no  Magfstrates  to  act  but  two,  who  were  to  be  p«rmitte<l  to  serve  their  own  purposes.  That  at 
length  it  was  agreed  by  the  Rioters  tV'*.  Seven  of  the  persons  so  confined  in  the  suid  Goal  should 
be  set  at  Liberty  on  giving  Bond  with  Security  to  John  lliaeltiue  tlie  Chairman  of  the  Uloters  (as  he 
then  understood  &  verily  t>eli«ves)  ou  this  occasion  to  np)iear  and  take  tlieir  trials  witli  the  other 
prisoners.  That  the  following  were  the  persons  wlio  were  so  bound  (to  wit)  Thomas  Chandler  Esq' 
first  Judge  of  the  said  Court  of  Commou  pleas,  Benjamin  Burt,  Tliomas  Sergeant,  Oliver  Well, 
Bildad  Jilaston  (one  of  the  Slierifls  Deputies)  Joseph  Willard  and  John  Morse. 

That  it  was  further  determined  by  tlte  said  Rioters  tliat  tlie  remaining  nine  persons  who  had 
been  confined  iu  Goal  (to  wit)  Noah  Sabin  Esq^.  one  of  tlte  Judges  of  tlte  Inferior  Court  of  the  said 
County ;  Benjamin  Butterfleld  one  of  the  Assistant  Justices  of  the  said  Court,  William  Willard  Esq'. 
one  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  peace  William  Patterson  Esq',  high  Sheritf  Samuel  Gale  Esq' 
Clerk — Benjamin  Gorton— Deputy  SlierilT  Richard  IIlll  one  Cunningliam  and  William  Williams 
should  be  sent  prisoners  to  the  Town  of  Northhampton  in  tlte  County  of  Hampshire  in  the 
Province  of  the  Massachusetts  Bay  and  there  cop**..ied  in  Goal.  That  a  Guard  of  between 
twenty  &  thirty  of  the  Rioters  under  the  Command  of  the  said  Robert  Cockran  and  of  an  equal 
Number  of  tlte  Newhampsltire  party  under  the  Command  of  tlte  said  Captain  Butterfield  accordingly 
was  appointetl  to  convey  the  stUd  nine  persons  to  the  Goal  aforesaid  and  were  upon  their  March 
when  the  Deponent  lefl  the  said  Coiuity  of  Cuniberland.  TItat  the  principale  and  most  active 
among  tiie  Rioters  who  took  possession  of  tlte  Court  house  manner  aforesaid  were  Doctor  Jones  of 
Rockingham,  Leonard  Spalding  of  Putney,  Charles  Davenport,  one  "liven  a  Blacksmith,  Daniel 
Sergeant  one  Hoooker,  one  Knight,  Hosea  Miller,  Paul  Gates  and  Thomas  Boyden  all  of  Fulham. 
That  the  principal  and  most  active  of  tlte  Rioters  who  were  concerneil  in  tlte  otlier  of  the  said 
Riotous  proceedings  were,  besides  tlte  said  Robert  Cockran,  Solomon  Harvey  of  Fulham,  Alijah 
Lovejoy  of  Westminster  &  Othniel  Wilkins  of  Guildford  and  farther  this  Deponent  saith  tliat  he 
does  verily  believe  that  the  principal  Cause  of  the  said  Disturbances  in  the  County  of  Cumberland 
is  tlte  Repugnance  of  the  riotous  part  of  the  Inhabitants  to  be  sued  for  their  Debts.  That  two 
prisoners  who  were  confined  lor  Debt  in  the  said  QoiU  were  discharged.  And  the  Deponent 
further  saith,  that  he  understood  that  the  said  Goal  was  nailed  up  by  Order  of  the  Rioters  and  left 
•mpty  in  that  Condition  and  further  the  Deponent  saitli  not. 

Sworn  this  27l8«b  Day  of  March  1775— 

Before  me,  Dan  Horsmanden. 


i 


LT.  GOV.  GOLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTIL 

[toad.  Dm.  ZLV.] 

New  York  5»i>  April  1775. 
Extract.  About  a  month  agoe  I  received  accounts  of  farther  outrageous  and  most  illegal  pro- 
ceedings of  the  Bennington  Rioters,  of  which  your  Ldp  hits  already  heard  so  much.  Tlieir  Acts  grow 
from  time  to  time  more  daring  and  dangerous.  They  liave  now  had  the  hardiness  to  seize  a  justice 
of  tlte  Peace,  to  try  him  before  u  mock  Tribunal  of  titeir  own,  formally  to  pass  sentence  upon  him, 
and  after  inflicting  a  punishment  of  200  Laslies  on  him,  to  banish  him  from  that  part  of  the 
Country,  which  they  call  their  own  Indeed  tb«  authority  of  Government  is  entirely  lost  among  them, 


CONTROTERBT    RV.'PECTING   THE   NCW   HAMPSHIRE  OHANTI. 


B51 


and  I  am  afraid  can  not  be  restored  but  by  Force.  They  began  with  pretending  only  to  hold  pos- 
session of  tlie  Lands  on  whicli  they  had  settled,  but  your  Ixlp  may  he  assured  they  Imve  extended 
tlieir  Designs  much  farther,  and  are  dayly  growing  more  and  more  formidable  and  dangerous  to 
Government. 

I  liave  lately  received  accounts  likewise,  my  Lord  of  a  dangerous  Insurrection  in  Cumberland 
County  of  this  Province  which  is  connected  with  Massachusetts  Bay  on  one  side  and  New  Hampshire 
on  the  other.  A  number  of  People  in  Cumberland,  worked  up  by  the  example  and  Influence  of 
Massachusets  Bay,  embraced  the  dangerous  resolution  uf  shutting  up  the  Courts  of  Justice.  With 
tliis  design  tliey  took  Possession  of  the  Court  House  immediately  before  the  Courts  of  General 
Sessions  of  the  Peace,  and  common  Pleas,  were  to  be  opened  there  in  March  last.  They  persisted 
witii  so  much  obstinacy  to  resist  the  Sheriif  and  his  Posse  that  he  was  obliged  to  have  recourse  to  fire 
arms,  by  which  one  of  the  Rioters  were  killed  and  several  were  wounded  upon  which  they 
quitted  tlie  House  and  the  Courts  were  opened.  But  by  the  next  day  such  n^jmbers  had  joined 
the  Rioters  from  New  Hampshire  and  Massachusetts  Bay,  as  made  them  too  powerful!  fur  the 
Magistrates,  they  took  one  of  the  Judges  the  Sherifls  clerk  of  the  Court  and  several  otlier  persons 
prisoners  and  after  confining  them  for  several  days  in  the  Goal  of  their  own  County  carried  them 
into  Miissachusetts  Bay,  and  put  them  into  tlie  Goal  of  North  Hampton  where  they  remained 
when  the  lust  accounts  came  from  them. 

It  was  necessary,  for  me,  my  Lord,  to  call  upon  the  Assembly  for  aid,  to  reinstate  the  authority 
of  Government  in  that  country  and  to  bring  the  atrocious  offenders  to  Punishment.  They  have 
given  but  one  thousand  Pounds  for  this  Purpose  which  is  much  too  small  a  sum,  but  the  party  in 
tlie  Assembly  who  have  opposed  every  measure  that  has  a  tendency  to  strengthen  or  support 
Government  by  working  on  the  parcemonious  disposition  of  some  of  the  Country  Members  had  too 
much  influence  on  this  occasion  I  am  now  waiting  for  an  answer  from  General  Gage  to  whom  I  have 
wrote  on  this  affair  in  Cumberland:  by  his  Assistance  I  hope  I  shall  soon  be  able  to  hold  a  Court 
of  Oyer  and  Terminer  in  that  County,  wliere  I  am  assured  there  are  some  hundreds  of  the  inhabitants 
well  affected  to  Government ;  and  that  if  the  Debts  of  the  people  who  have  been  concerned  in  this 
outrage,  were  all  paid,  there  would  not  be  a  sixpence  of  property  left  among  them. 

It  is  proper  your  Lordship  should  be  informed,  that  the  inhabitants  of  Cuml)erland  County  have 
not  been  made  uneasy  by  any  dispute  about  the  Title  of  their  Lands;  those  who  have  not  obtained 
Grants  under  this  Governra'  live  in  quiet  possession  under  the  Grants  formerly  made  by  New 
Hampshire.  Tlie  Rioters  have  not  pretended  any  such  pretext  for  their  conduct,  the  example  of 
Massachusetts  Bay  is  the  only  reason  tiiey  have  assigned.  Yet  I  make  no  doubt  tbey  will  be  joined 
by  the  Bennington  Rioters,  who  will  endeavor  to  make  one  common  cause  of  it,  tliough  they  have 
no  connection  but  in  their  violence  to  Government. 


PETITION  OF  MESSRS.  HOUGH  AND  WALKER  FOR  RELIEF. 

To  the  honourable  Cadwallader  Colden  Esq'  his  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Com- 
mander in  Chief  in  and  over  the  province  of  New  York  and  the  Territories  depending 
thereon  in  America  &=. 
The  petition  of  Benjamin  Hough  and  Daniel  Walker  Jun""  of  the  County  of  Charlotte. 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioners  being  expelled  from  their  Habitations  by  the  Bennington  Rioters  were 
obliged  to  fly  to  this  City  for  Refuge  and  protection. 


i   J 


""  5: 


v9W 


CONTXOVEKSY   KUPECTIMO  THC  MEW  HAMMHIKB  OIUMTI. 


That  they  ars  destitute  of  tlie  means  of  Support,  at  the  same  time  that  they  have  been  involviug 
themselves  in  Debt  Ibr  tlie  Necessaries  of  Life. 

Tliat  under  these  deplorable  Circumstances,  they  have  no  other  prospect  of  Relief  but  from  the 
Hand  of  the  Imniane  &  benevolent. 

Your  petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray  that  your  Honour  will  be  fiivourably  pleased  to  take 

their  unhappy  case  into  your  tender  consideration,  and  to  give  them  your  Countenance  and 

assistance  in  the  premises.  t  -  .\     ,'  .-i  :^i".-  •  <rM 

And  your  petitioners  shall  ever  pru/  &.c. 


(Endorsed)    April  7«i>  1775    Read  in  Council,  and  ordered  that 
,       '  a  Brief  be  issued  in  favor  of  the  Petitioners. 


Benjamin  Hovgh 
Daniel  Walker  Ju' 


Jll.  '       .-l-  n' 


'    '..  .    '*' 


!' 


PETITION  OF  THE  CIVIL  OFFICERS  OF  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

To  the  Honorable  Cadwallader  Golden  Esquire  His  Majesty's  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Com- 
mander in  Cliief  of  the  Province  of  New  York  &<=. 

The  Petition  of  Samuel  Wells  Esquire,  William  Patterson  Esquire,  High  Sheriff,  and  Samuel 
Gale  Esquire  Clerk,  of  tlie  Coimty  of  Cumberland. 
Most  Humbly  Sheweth 

That  your  Petitioner  Samuel  Wells  hath  expended  in  defraying  the  expenses  of  the  several  expresses 
from  the  County  of  Cumberland  to'  tlie  City  of  New  York,  bringing  accounts  of  the  state  of  the 
County,  in  order  that  Government  might  be  thereby  enabled  to  take  the  most  proper  steps  to  rein- 
state and  maintain  the  due  administration  of  Justice,  and  tor  th<)  suppression  of  Riots  in  the  said 
County ;  The  sum  of  Forty  three  Pounds  Fourteen  Shillings  and  six  pence,  an  account  whereof 
(A)  is  herewith  presented. 

Your  Petitioners  are  happy  in  that  they  are  enabled  to  inform  your  Honor,  that  these  expresses 
seem  to  have  been  of  very  essential  service,  in  disheartuing  several  of  the  late  Rioters ;  and 
your  Petitioners  are  humbly  of  opinion  (from  the  h"'  accounts).  That  had  it  not  been  for  tlie  late 
unhappy  differences  in  Massachusets-Bay,  the  Rioterti  Aould  have  been  so  far  disheartned,  as  that 
the  well  disposed  inhabitants,  would  have  been  able  to  have  restored  peace  in  that  County. 

Tliat  your  Petitioner  William  Patterson  hath  expended  in  defraying  the  charges  of  the  Posse  for 
the  purpose  of  supporting  and  maintaining  tlie  course  of  Justice  in  the  said  county  of  Cumberland, 
The  sum  of  Seventy  Seven  Pounds  Twelve  Shillings  and  Eleven  Pence  farthing,  as  appears  by  the 
account  (B)  herewith  presented,  attested  by  the  Petitioner  under  oath. 

That  your  Petitioner  Samuel  Gale  hath  expended  for  the  Travelling  chaises  of  the  persons 
taken  by  the  Rioters,  and  of  their  guard  from  Westminister  to  Northampton,  and  firom  thence  to 
the  City  of  New  York  ;  and  for  the  expenses  of  such  as  are  returned,  while  here,  and  to  enable 
them  to  return  ;  The  sum  of  Thirty  two  Pounds  Fifteen  Shillings  and  one  half  penny,  over  and 
above  the  sura  of  Forty  Pounds  received  from  your  Honour  as  appears  by  the  account  (C)  and 
affidavit  herewith  also  presented. 

That  The  Expences  of  the  persons  brought  down  to  this  City  on  the  Thirteenth  Instant  (who  are 
not  yet  returned,)  and  from  thence  to  this  day,  as  appears  by  the  account  (D)  herewith  delivered, 
amounts  to  tlie  sum  of  Thirty  one  Pounds  Six  Shillings  and  Six  Pence  half  penny. 


j>.— .    TWll— M  1 1 .1     11,1 


OOMTmOVBCtV   RMKCTINO   THE  NEW   HAimHIBB   OkAMTt. 


56S 


That  several  of  the  persons  now  here  To  Wit  Noah  Sabin  Esq',  William  Wlllard  Esq'  BenJ* 
Butterfield  Esq',  Richard  Hill,  and  Samuel  Knight ;  were  brought  away  from  home  without  having 
any  time  to  collect  monies  for  their  expences,  and  are  unable  to  return,  without  some  small 
assistance ;  and  have  therefore  requested  your  Petitioners  to  lay  their  case  before  your  Honor, 
Humbly  Praying  that  your  Honor  would  be  pleased  to  grant  them  Thirty  Shillings  each,  making 
Seven  Pounds  Ten  Shillings ;  to  enable  them  (with  what  little  money  they  have  with  them)  to 
bear  their  Expences  home. 

That  from  the  present  circumstance  of  tlie  case,  your  Petitioners  are  under  an  absolute  necessity 
of  making  this  application  to  your  Honour. 

Your  Petitioners  Therefore  Humbly  pray.  That  your  Honour  would  be  favourably  pleased,  to 
issue  your  warrant  to  the  Treasurer  for  the  amount  <  f  the  several  sums  aforesaid,  making  in  the 
whole  the  sum  of  One  himdred  and  Ninety  two  Pounds  Nineteen  Shillings  and  one  Farfliing,  out 
of  the  sum  of  One  Thousand  Pounds,  voted  by  a  Resolve  of  the  General  Assembly,  being  so  much 
already  expended  for  the  purposes  mentioned  in  the  said  Resolve 

^  And  your  Petitioners  will  ever  Pray  &• 

Sam:  WfXLt 
May  4*  1775.  Wm  Patkrson 

S.  Gale. 
(Endorsed)    1775  May  5i'>    Read  in  Council  and  ordered  that  a 

warrant  do  Issue  for  the  amot*  of  the  accounts  within. 


IT.  GOV.  GOLDEN  TO  LORD  DARTMOUTH. 


CAPTURE   OF  TICONDEROOA  BY  THE  GREEN  MOUNTAIN  BOYS. 


(Lond.  Doo.  XLV.l  .         ,'; 

New  York,  7  June,  1775. 
Extract.  While  these  transactions  engrossed  t'ie  attention  of  the  City  [of  N.  York]  a  matter 
of  greater  importance  was  carried  on  in  the  Northern  part  of  this  Province  No  less  than  the  actual 
taking  His  Majestys  Forts  at  Tienonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  and  making  the  Garrison  Prisoners.  I 
have  not  any  account  my  Lord  of  this  affair,  but  what  I  have  collected  from  the  current  Reports, 
for  all  intelligence  to  Government,  thro'  the  Country  is  effectually  cut  off.  The  only  people  of  this 
Province  who  had  any  hand  in  this  expedition,  where  that  set  of  lawless  people  whom  your  Lord- 
ship has  heard  much  of  under  the  name  of  the  Bennington  Mob.  They  were  joined  by  a  party  from 
Connecticut  and  an  other  from  Massachusetts  Bay  They  surprized  the  Garrison  &  took  the  Forts 
without  opposition.  The  Prisoners  are  carried  into  Connecticut  These  people  advanced  across  a 
lake  as  far  as  St  Johns;  took  a  Vessell  there  and  destroyed  a  number  of  Boats  and  some  Store  Houses. 
This  will  retard  the  operations  which  Governor  Carleton  will  probably  undertake  on  this  occasion. 
He  alone  has  it  in  his  power  to  do  any  thing  in  that  quarter,  and  I  hope  he  may  have  an  opportu- 
nity of  severely  retaliating  this  wanton  Act  of  Treason 


fl,: 


Vol.  it. 


TO 


^dK 


OMrraevaMv  rmvbotimo  tsk  raw  haiimiubi  aaAMt. 


ETHAN  ALLEN  TO  THE  N.  Y.  PROV.  CONGRESS. 


''»M 


nnt)lftM»i» 


^  Tlconderoga  20th  July,  1775. 

RnrtcTABLC  GnrrLCMCif— 

When  I  reflect  on  the  nnhappy  eontrovewy  which  hath  many  yean  subsisted  between  the  gov- 
ernment of  New- York  and  the  settlers  on  the  New-Hampshire  Grants,  and  also  contemplate  on  the 
tViendshlp  and  union  that  hath  lately  taken  place  between  the  government  and  those  its  former 
discontented  subjects,  in  making  a  united  resistance  agumst  ministerial  vengeance  and  slavery,  I 
cannot  but  indulge  fond  hopes  of  reconciliation.  To  promote  this  salutary  end,  I  shall  contribute 
my  influence,  assuring  your  Honours,  that  your  respectM  treatment  not  only  to  Mr.  Womer  and 
myself,  but  to  the  Oreen  Mountain  Boys  in  general,  in  forming  them  Into  a  battalion,  are  by 
them  duly  regarded,  and  I  will  be  responsible  that  they  will  retaliate  this  favour  by  wholly 
hazarding  tlir'ir  lives,  11' needs  be,  in  the  common  cause  of  America. 

I  hope  no  gentleman  in  the  Congress  will  retain  any  preconceived  prejudice  against  me,  as  on  my 
part  I  shall  not  against  any  of  them ;  but  as  soon  as  opportunity  may  permit  and  the  public 
cause  not  sufler  therby,  shall  hold  myself  in  readiness  to  settle  all  former  disputes  and  grievances  on 
honorable  terms. 

I  am,  gentlemen,  with  the  greatest  respect. 

Tour  devoted,  most  obedient  humble  serv*, 

Etiun  Allbm. 
To  the  Honble  Provincial  Congress,  New  York. 

Mora.    S«th  Warner  wm  appointed  Lt.  Col.  of  the  Green  MonnUIn  Boya  on  the  1st  Sept.,  ini,by  Um  V.  7.  Pror.  Con- 
▲  Mamoir  of  him  baa  been  publUhed  by  Daniel  Cbipman,  Eaq. 


DECLARATION  OF  A  CONVENTION  HELD  AT  DORSET 

t   •  Sept.  25,  1775. 

[AModationf  ft  MUeellaneoiu  Ptpen,  XZZ.] 


At  a  General  Convention  of  56  Delegates  on  the  new  hampshire  Grants  on  the  East  and  west  th« 
Range  of  Green  mountains  Representing  36  Towns  on  s>i  Grants  held  at  Dorset  the  25'*'  day  Septem' 
by  adjournment  toAereas  this  Convention  have  for  a  serious  of  Years  had  under  there  porticiilar 
Consideration  the  disingeneus  Conduct  of  the  former  Colony  now  State  of  N  York  towards  th<) 
Inhabitants  of  that  District  of  Land  Commanly  Canlled  and  known  by  the  name  of  the  N  Hampshire 
Gnwts  the  seaveral  Illeagnal  unjustifiable  and  unwarrantable  meashures  they  have  take  to  Deprive 
by  frawd  Viollance  and  oppression  those  inhabitants  of  thire  property  and  in  particular  thire  Landed 
Intrest  and  aa  this  Convention  have  Reason  to  Expect  a  Continuance  of  tlie  same  kind  of  Disinge- 
nuaty  unless  some  meashuses  Effectual  be  taken  to  form  the  s*i.  District  a  Seperate  and  Distinct  one 
from  N  York  and  wlusreas  it  at  preasant  appears  to  this  Convention  that  for  tlie  foregoing  iieasons 
JO  Geather  with  the  distance  of  Rode  which  Lies  t)etween  this  Distruct  and  N  York  that  it  will  be 
very  inconvenient  for  those  Inhabitents  to  associate  or  Connect  with  them  for  the  time  being  Directly 
or  Indirectly  therefore  this  Convention  being  Ailly  Convinced  that  it  is  Neasasery  that  Every 


«;■ 


? 


MUTMyiMT  wetncma  nre  tttw  lUMMiitra  ••Aim.  Mi 

Individual  in  the  Unighted  States  of  America  should  Exart  them  aelrea  to  there  utmost  ability  In 
the  difenceof  the  Liberties  thereof  and  that  this  Convpiitlon  may  the  better  satisfy  the  public  of  thetv 
punctuall  attachment  to  the  s^  Common  Cause  at  present  as  w«U  as  heartaffore  we  do  mak«  aacl 
subcrlbe  (he  following  viz — 

Wee  the  Subscribers  Inhabitants  of  that  Pistrict  of  Land  Commonly  Caulled  and  known  by  th« 
name  of  the  N  hampshire  Grants  being  leagnally  Dlligated  and  Othorised  to  Transat  tiie  public  and 
political  aflhirs  of  the  affore  s*  District  of  Land  for  our  selves  and  Constltuants  do  solemnly 
Covenent  and  Ingage  that  for  the  time  being  we  will  Strictly  and  Religiously  adiieare  to  the  Several 
Resolves  passed  in  this  -  a  Aiture  Convention  Constituted  on  s'  District  by  tlie  free  voice  of  th« 
friends  to  American  Liliertiea  that  Hhull  not  be  Repugnant  tu  the  Resolves  of  the  Honuurablr  ^-•^tt 
nental  Congress  Relative  to  tlie  General  Cause  of  America. 


David  Vallanoe 
Saral  Bonton 
Ini  Allen 
John  Minly 
Abruh-im  Undarhill 
Willtn  Gage 
Martin  powell 
Ruben  IlarmoD 
Mathan  Clark 
B«i\)aiiiln  Carpenter 
Timothy  Brunaon 
Heman  Alien 


TImot'.y  Barker 
WllllmWard 
Thoma  Tuttlo 
Ebonr  Ilulnlngton 
Abroliam  Ivea 
John  Ottlll 
Gideon  Omeily 
James  Meed 
Jonas  Fay 
Edward  Akin 
Joseph  Bradly 


Ellsha  Clark 
Zeklous  Mallery 
John  Burnham  Jr 
Noniiith  Hotv 
Francis  Whitmore 
Joseph  Woodward 
Lconord  Spaulding 
Amos  Curtice 
SamI  Write 
Mikcl  Dunming 
UoKs  Robinson 


MathU  Robinson 
Ruben  Jones 
Seth  Warner 
Mikel  Veal 
Jorlnilah  Clark 
Samuel  Bradley 
Abner  Sealy 
OlHliah  Dunham 
Ebcnr  Allen 
Saml  SalTord 
WiUm  Fitch 


MEMORANDUM  OF  THE  OPINIONS  OP  SOME  MEMBERS  OF  CONGRESS. 

[Hbo«llaB«ous  Papen  ZZXIV.] 

Mr  Seely  Informs  he  Spoke  to  several  meml>ers  of  Congres,  oonoeming  Cumberland  Gloueestcr 
aa  being  set  of  In  a  new  state  Particularly  Coll.  Smith,  of  Philadelphia  and  M'  Shiman,  who  thought 
It  an  improper  Time  at  present,  to  take  up  an  affair  of  such  a  nature,  however  deemed  it  adviseaU* 
To  Iiave  a  delegate  at  New  York,  or  Philadelphia,  So  that  they  might  be  ready  to  answer  for  them- 
seves,  in  case  New  York  should  attempt  to  have  a  confirmation  of  their  Claim  over  those  Coimtieii 
and  deem'd  it  advisable  to  avoid  signing  any  Instrument,  that  would  by  any  Means,  Bind  them  to- 
New  York  so  that  they  Could  not  renew  their  pretensions  a  fliture  day. 

fNo  date;  prob.  1776.J  „,    „  ,     .  „  ."    •     ■- 


7 


JAMES  CLAT  ESQ.  TO  MESSRS.  SESSIONS,  &e. 

[  MlieellanMua  Fapsis  XZXVI.  ] 

Gentlemen  Col""  Williams  has  Earnestly  Requested  me  to  Call  the  County  Committee  and  the 
field  offiserers  together,  in  order  to  Procure  Arms  for  those  that  haint  got  none,  which  the  County 
Committee  have  Already  Don  in  their  Instructions  to  our  Delegates,  and  Col°>>  Marsh  Informt  me 
that  he  was  Like  to  get  a  grant  of  money  finm  the  Provincel  Congress,  suf^cient  to  Procure  three 
Hundred  Arms,  for  the  Benefit  of  the  County,  and  should  have  got  them,  had  it  not  been  for  that 
Letter  which  M'  PUUps  and  some  others  Did  Prevail  upon  the  Committee  to  tend  to  New  York, 


« 


6M 


coMTKovBiisir  MJuricTiiie  rut  mkw  hamhmim  a«Ain  ' 


together  with  lotae  other  inruriaatittui   tiiey  lutve  Received,  whloli  iiMde  them  beltore  that  w« 

were  Hgoing  to  Revolt  from  them,  since  whlcli  tliey  will  Do  nothing  I'or  ua,  itntUl  they  can  be 

auured  that  we  have  no  luoh  Intent,  Now  by  the  advice  of  a  number  of  the  members  of  the  County 

Committee,  I  earnestly  Re<iurst  tliat  you  would  call  your  town  together  that  you  may  know  tlielr 

miuda  as  a  body,  or  as  individuals,  wlieather  tliey  Intend  to  Rev«>lt  from  the  State  of  New  York  or 

not,  and  be  Picas'*  to  send  the  Proceedings  of  your  Town  to  Westminster  by  your  County  Committee, 

at  their  next  setting  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  November  next,  that  the  County  Committee  may  be  abla 

to  send  to  tlie  Provlucul  Congress,  the  minds  of  the  Inhabitants  of  tills  County  in  this  Important 

affair,  I  Beseach  of  you,  and  of  every  member  of  this  Community,  to  act  Candidly  and  uprightly 

in  an  affair  of  such  importance  as  this  is,  at  this  Critical  Time,  your  Complyance  with  the  above 

Request,  will  greatly  oblige  a  number  of  the  County  Committee,  and  your  Humble  Servant 

JikMKs  Clav  Chairman. 
Putney  Sept' 26:  1776. 

To  the  Sub  Committee  in  the  Town  of  Putney. 

P:  S:  I  sent  a  Letter  to  the  Sub  Committees  of  Every  Town  in  the  County,  Desiering  them  to 
meet  as  above  said,  and  make  Returns,  and  but  fore  Towns  mat 

A  True  Coppy    Test  Jamks  Clav  Chairman 

of  the  County  Committee 


j^in  4^a  11^. 


J.  CLAY'S  STATEMENT  AS  TO  CERTAIN  PROCEEDINGS. 

[MImmUumou  P»pm  XXXVI.] 

James  Clav,  Esq'  Informs  that  on  the  ?>'•  day  of  August  last  Heman  Allen,  Doctor  Fay,  and  Col . 
Marsh  came  as  a  Committee  {torn  tlie  other  side  of  the  Green  Mountains  To  Windsor  ;  when  the 
Committees  of  Cumberland  &  Gloucester  were  setting  at  that  place,  and  begged  to  be  admitted  before 
the  Committees  soon  after  they  were  admitted,  and  read  several  Papers,  some  of  which  ascertain  the 
Boundaries  they  proposed  for  a  New  State  and  Invited  the  Committee  to  sign  a  Paper  they  had 
Consulted  with  several  members  of  the  Continental  Congress  who  advised  them  to  collect  the  sense 
of  the  people  on  the  subject— that  the  Intbrmant  asked  said  Allen  if  he  supposed  the  Continental 
Congress  would  take  up  the  ailair  at  this  time  in  case  the  people  did  sign,  that  said  Allen  Aswered 
no,  but  that  some  members  of  Congress  advised  them  to  Petition — for  if  we  submitted  to  the  mode 
of  Government  now  forming  in  the  State  of  New  York,  we  should  be  tied  so  that  we  could  not  get 
off  in  a  future  day. 

Westminster  20u>  Nov'  1776.  Jamu  Clay 


'K'^     ,>.'^0.i';'   , 


■  J  - 


'>*(f'..^.n  fi- 


REMONSTRANCE  AGAINST  CONGRESS  AUTHORIZING 

COLS  ALLEN  AND  WARNER  TO  RAISE  TROOPS  INDEPENDENT  OF  NEW  VORX. 


i;'»T'i'*- 


Sir— I  beg  leave  to  mention  to  you,  that  it  is  here  asserted  and  generally  believed,  that  Congress 
lukve  authorised  a  Colo.  Warner  and  certain  other  officers  to  raise  a  regiment  in  this  State,  at  least 
without  the  intervention  of  tlie  State.  This  measure  has  given  anxiety  and  disgust  to  several  of 
the  first  characters  in  the  State  who  have  risqued  both  their  lives  and  fortunes  in  its  defence.    If 


ooMTBOvuuiy  ftuncriiia  the  mbw  uammhikb  uiumts. 


557 


■uoh  »  regiment  wu  neoeMwy,  men  worthy  of  oonfld«noe  might  have  been  found  to  ralM  It  with 
«t  leMt  equal  BUoeeM. 

It  la  believed,  air,  by  aome,  that  there  are  dealgna  of  individuala  at  leait,  to  diamember  thia  State. 
The  appointmenta  above  mentioned,  if  audi  there  are,  may  tend  to  thla  end.  Thla  State  la  of  great 
imiMirtiince  in  the  preaent  war;  witliout  tiie  aid  of  thia  State,  or  eveu  of  the  county  of  Albany  (exolu- 
alve  of  every  other  part  of  it,)  the  war  could  not  \m  aupported  with  leaa  than  double  the  preaent 
expenae,  If  It  could  be  aupported  at  any  rate.  The  State  will  not  submit  to  be  diamembered  ;  and 
there  are  not  wanting  many  reapectuble  charactera,  botli  in  tliu  Senate  and  the  American  army,  who 
intimate  that  they  would  rather  aubmlt  tu  a  Tyrant  at  3,000  milea  diatance,  than  to  avarlcioua  or 
tyrannical  nelghboura. 

In  u  confidence,  air,  that  the  aentlmenta  of  the  i>eople  even  fVom  an  individual,  will  not  diaoblige, 
I  have  taken  the  liberty  haatlly  to  mention  part  of  those  I  have  heard,  and  hope  you  will  receive 
thia  private  letter  with  the  ume  IVlcndly  intention  witli  which  it  is  wrote. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  With  great  respect  and  eateem,  air. 


REPORT  TO  THE  NEW  YORK  COMMITTEE  OF  SAFETY. 

Jan  20,  1777. 
[HIicellaDMui  Paptn  XXXVI.] 

Your  Committee  to  whom  it  wm  referred  to  coiibider  of  the  State  of  the  Countlea  of  Glouceater 
Cumberland  and  Charlotte  beg  leave  to  report : 

That  violent  diaputea  and  animosities  iia^e  arisen  and  still  subsist  within  the  said  Counties  by 
Reason  of  sundry  unjust  and  iniquitous  Pretensions  anciently  set  up  by  the  States  of  Massaohuseta 
and  New  Hampshire  against  certain  large  Tracts  of  Land  within  the  known  Bounds  of  thia  State. 

That  Sundry  Persons  have  intruded  into  those  Counties  by  Virtue  of  Grants  and  Purchases  for 
trifling  Considerations  under  those  States  particularly  the  latter  and  have  taken  very  large  and 
valuable  Tracts  within  the  said  Counties. 

That  divers  of  those  Persons  altho  repeatedly  ottered  Patents  for  the  Lands  by  them  occupied  by 
the  late  Government  of  the  Colony  of  New  York  have  obstinately  refused  to  receive  the  same 
under  Color  that  the  Fees  of  office  and  quit  Rents  were  too  great  that  the  said  Lands  did  act  lie 
within  this  State  and  other  frivolous  Pretences. 

That  many  wicked  disaffected  and  turbulent.  Persons  for  the  Promotion  of  their  own  private 
Interest  and  other  sinister  and  base  Designs  liave  artfully  fomented  the  said  Animosities  falsely 
alledging  not  only  that  the  said  Counties  are  out  of  tiie  Boimds  of  this  State  but  also  that  tliis  State 
and  the  Government  thereof  are  determined  to  oppress  harrass  and  impoverisli  the  Inliabitantb  of 
the  said  Counties  and  have  at  Length  incited  many  of  them  to  disown  their  allegiance  to  this  State. 

Tliat  Persons  of  considerable  Kank  Influence  nnd  Authority  in  the  neighbouring  States  are 
deeply  concerned  in  the  said  Designs  witii  a  view  of  dismembring  this  State  and  for  that  Purpose 
have  promulgated  a  Report  tiiat  it  is  tiie  Intentiou  of  the  honorable  the  Coutinental  Congress  tu 
aid  and  assist  in  the  Independence  of  the  said  Counties. 

That  such  Report  hath  received  great  weight  and  authority  from  tlie  appointment  of  Seth  Warner 
to  be  the  Colonel  of  a  Regiment  to  be  raised  within  tliat  Part  of  this  State  and  to  appoint  his  own 


658 


OOMTAOVKRaY   aESP£CTlNG   THE   MEW    HAMPSHIRE  ORAMTB. 


offic«rs  independant  of  this  State  and  utterly  contrary  to  the  usual  mode  of  appointment  in  suoh 
cases  and  also  to  a  Representation  made  by  tliis  Convention  of  the  eleventh  Day  of  July  last. 

That  the  said  Seth  Warner  hath  bee.  principally  concerned  in  divers  Riots  Outrages  and 
Cruelties  committed  in  the  said  Counties  in  direct  opposition  to  the  former  Government  of  this 
State  and  is  otherwise  utterly  untit  to  command  a  Regiment  in  the  Continental  Service.  From 
which  and  from  simdry  other  Facts  resting  within  their  knowledge  the  disaffected  Persons  aforesaid 
do  conclude  and  affirm  that  the  Congress  meant  by  the  said  appointment  to  give  direct  and  ample 
Testimony  of  their  Intentions  to  protect  them  in  their  wicked  and  unjust  designs  aforesaid. 

That  this  Convention  hath  not  only  advanced  considerable  sums  of  money  for  the  Protection  of 
the  said  Counties  in  common  with  other  Parts  of  tliis  State  but  also  tor  their  immediate  and  particu- 
lar Defence  at  their  special  Instance  and  Request. 

Tliat  tlie  Counties  aforesaid  ai-e  of  great  Extent  and  Fertility  forming  a  very  considerable  and  very 
valuable  Part  of  this  State  and  that  therefore  it  is  the  Duty  of  this  Convention  to  take  speedy  and 
vigorous  measures  for  reducing  them  to  an  obedience  to  the  siime. 

That  other  the  Inhabitants  of  this  State  are  greatly  and  justly  alarmed  at  the  Proceedings  above- 
ment<i  and  are  many  of  them  determined  rather  to  submit  to  the  Tyranny  of  Great  Britain  than 
suffer  so  valuable  a  Territory  to  be  purloined  from  them  as  they  do  consider  the  Proceedings  with 
Respect  to  th.it  Country  to  h-^  in  Consequence  of  a  deep  and  dangerous  Conspiracy  against  their  Rights 
and  Privileges  frequently  intimated  in  the  earlier  Part  of  the  Dispute  between  Great  Britain 
and  America. 

Tliat  untill  the  Commencement  of  the  present  Contest  with  Great  Britain  the  Inhabitants  of 
Gloucester  and  Cumberland  Counties  in  general  submitted  to  the  Jurisdiction  of  this  State  many 
of  them  obtained  confirmations  of  Title  from  the  late  Government  and  Justice  was  administered  by 
magistrates  of  its  appointment. 

That  the  Spirit  of  disaffection  hath  been  now  extended  to  those  Counties  thro  the  arts  and 
misrepresentations  of  certain  Inhabitants  of  the  County  of  Charlotte  distinguishing  themselves  by 
the  name  of  Green  Mountain  Be  ys  and  others  the  Emissaries  aforesaid. 

That  the  Congress  and  Conventions  of  this  State  have  contemplated  the  Effects  of  this  dangerous 
Defection  with  silent  Concern  being  restrained  from  giving  it  effectual  opposition  from  an  apprthen- 
sion  that  it  might  at  so  critical  a  Juncture  weaken  our  Exertions  in  the  common  Cause. 

Tliat  taking  advantage  of  this  patient  Forbearance  and  flattered  by  the  strength  which  they  have 
acquireil  by  being  embodied  into  a  Reg'  under  the  immediate  authority  of  the  hon:  Cont' 
Congress  in  Derogation  of  the  Rights  of  this  State  the  arrogance  and  Presumption  of  the  said  Green 
Mountain  Boys  and  their  adherents  are  become  so  far  inflamed  that  they  have  lately  excited  the 
Inhabitants  of  several  Towns  within  those  Counties  to  join  with  them  in  assuming  a  total  Indepen- 
dence of  this  State  chusing  a  mock  Convention  and  framing  a  Petition  to  Congress  for  its  sanction 
and  approbation  of  their  wicked  and  unprovoked  Revolt. 

Tliat  the  Loss  of  so  great  a  Part  of  this  State  will  not  only  oppress  the  Remainder  with  the 
Payment  of  the  Enormous  Debts  which  have  accrued  during  the  present  War  but  will  at  every 
future  Period  expo? )  it  as  to  be  intruded  into  &  overrun,  its  Jiu-isdiction  to  be  denied  and  its 
authority  set  at  Defiance. 

From  all  which  your  Committee  do  conclude  tliat  it  is  highly  necessary  as  a  preliminary  step  to 
the  quieting  of  the  aforesaid  Disturbances  that  it  be 

Resolved  therefore  that  a  pressing  application  be  immediately  made  to  the  hon  the  Congress  to 
wliose  Justice  the  said  Insurgents  have  apjjealed  and  on  whose  advice  they  pretend  to  rely  requesting 
tiiem  to  interpose  their  authority  and  recommend  to  the  s*"  Insurgents  a  peaceable  submission  to 


H     ' 


OONTROVERaV   RGSPECTIKO   THE  NEW   HAMPSHIRE  ORAHTa. 


659 


the  Jtirisdiotion  of  this  State  and  also  to  disband  the  said  Regiment  directed  to  be  raised  by  M' 
Warner  as  this  Convention  hath  cheariully  and  voluntarily  uudertaken  to  raise  a  Regiment  in  addition 
to  the  Quota  assigned  for  this  State  by  Congress  have  opened  their  utmost  Resources  to  the  wants 
&  necessities  of  the  American  Army  have  a  very  great  proportion  of  their  militia  now  in  the  Field 
&  are  heartily  disposed  to  contribute  to  the  pubUc  service  in  every  Respect  as  far  as  the  Circum- 
stances and  abilities  of  the  State  will  permit. 
All  which  nevertheless  is  most  hiunbly  submitted. 


I 

■m 


iv:;i| 


HON.  A.  TEN  BROECK  TO  THE  PRESn)ENT  OF  CONGRESS. 

Sir,  I  am  directed  by  the  committee  of  safety  of  New  York,  to  inform  Congress,  that  by  the 
arts  and  influence  of  certain  designing  men,  a  part  of  this  state  hath  been  prevailed  on  to 
revolt,  and  disavow  the  authority  of  its  legislature. 

It  is  oiu:  misfortune  to  be  wounded  so  soon,  sensibly,  while  we  are  making  our  utmost  exertions  in 
the  common  cause.  The  various  evidences  and  informations  we  have  received,  would  lead  us  to 
believe,  tliat  persons  of  great  influence  in  some  of  our  sister  states,  have  fostered  and  ibmented  these 
divisions,  in  order  to  dismember  this  state,  at  a  time  when,  by  the  inroads  of  our  common  enemy,  we 
were  supposed  to  he  incapacitated  from  defending  our  just  claims :  but  as  these  informations  tend 
to  accuse  some  members  of  your  honorable  body  of  being  concerned  in  this  scheme,  decency  obliges 
us  to  suspend  our  belief. 

The  Congress  will,  doubtless,  remember,  that  so  long  ago  as  in  the  month  of  July  last,  we 
complained  of  the  great  injury  done  us  by  appointing  officers  within  this  state,  without  oiur  consent 
or  approbation.  We  could  not  then,  nor  can  we  now  perceive  the  reason  of  such  disadvanta- 
geous discrimination  between  this  nt&te  and  its  neighbors.  We  have  been  taught  to  l)elieve  that 
each  of  the  United  States  is  entitled  to  equal  rights  :  in  what  manner  the  rights  of  New- York  have 
been  forteited  we  are  at  a  loss  to  discover.  Although  we  have  never  received  an  answer  to  our  last 
letter  on  this  subject ;  yet  did  hope  that  no  fres"  ground  of  complaint  would  have  been  oflered  us. 

The  convention  are  sorry  to  observe,  tliat  by  conferring  a  commission  upon  Col.  Warner,  with 
authority  to  name  the  officers  of  a  regiment  to  be  raised  independent  of  the  legislature  of  this  state, 
and  within  that  par*^  wliich  hath  lately  declared  an  independence  upon  it,  congress  hath  given  but 
too  much  weight  to  the  insinuations  of  those  wlio  pretend,  that  your  honorable  body  are  determined 
to  support  these  insiu^ents ;  especially  as  this  Col.  Warner  hath  been  constantly  and  invariably 
opposed  to  the  legislature  of  this  state,  and  hath  been  outlawed  by  the  late  government  thereof. 
However  confiding  in  tlie  honor  and  justice  of  the  great  council  of  America,  hope  that  you  have 
been  surprised  into  this  measure. 

By  order  of  the  house.  Sir,  I  enclose  you  their  resolution  upon  the  important  subject  of  this  letter  : 
and  I'm  further  to  observe,  that  it  is  absolutely  necessary  to  recal  the  commissions  given  to  Col. 
Warner  and  the  officers  under  him  :  as  nothing  else  will  do  justice  to  us,  and  convince  these  deluded 
people,  that  Congress  have  not  been  prevailed  on  to  assist  in  dismembering  a  state,  which,  of  all 
otliers,  lias  sulfered  most  in  the  common  cause.  The  King  of  Great-Britain  hatli,  by  force  of  arms, 
taken  from  us  five  counties  ;  and  an  attempt  is  made,  in  the  midst  of  our  distresses,  to  purloin  from 
us  three  other  counties.     We  must  consider  the  persons  concerned  in  stioh  designs,  as  open  enemies 


:.im 


» t  :,:\ 


560 


CONTHOVEKSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


of  this  State,  and,  in  consequence,  of  all  America.  To  maintain  our  Jurisdiction  over  our  own 
subjects  is  become  indispensibly  necessary  to  the  authority  of  the  convention ;  nor  will  any  thing 
less  silence  tlie  plausible  arguments  by  winch  the  disaffected  delude  our  constituents,  and  alienate 
them  from  the  common  cause. 

On  the  success  of  our  efforts  in  tliis  respect,  depends,  too  probably,  even  the  power  of  the  conven- 
tion. It  is  become  a  common  remark  in  the  mouths  of  our  most  zealous  friends,  that  if  the  state 
is  to  be  rent  assunder,  and  its  Jurisdiction  subverted,  to  gratify  its  deluded  and  disorderly  subjects, 
it  is  a  folly  to  hazard  their  lives  and  fortunes  in  a  contest  which,  in  every  event,  must  terminate  in 
their  ruin.    I  have  the  lionour  to  be,  with  great  respect  your  most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

(By  order,)  A.  Ten  Broeck,  P. 

January  20  1777. 

Hon.  John  Hancock,  Esq.,  President,  &c. 


6ENL  JACOB  BAILEk  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  CONVENTION. 


[MiMfUaneoui  Papen  XXXVin.] 


Newberry,  Feb'.  lOth,  1777. 


li 


m  ' 


I' 
Ir  '  \ 


I 


Dear  Brethren, 

With  the  utmost  Concern  for  the  Publick  welfare  of  the  United  States,  and  this  in  particular 
I  take  my  Pen  to  write  when  I  consider  the  Absolute  nessecty  of  an  Intiere  Union  of  all  the  Friends 
to  truth  the  American  cause  I  mean  and  when  I  see  all  the  Friends  of  hell  Combined  and  using  all 
their  Deiabolicall  Arts  to  Disunite  us  and  now  the  Deivil  as  usuall  at  the  last  efforts  of  Changing 
thomselves  into  angles  of  light  now  pleading  you  were  abused  by  tlie  State  of  N,  Y,  they  having 
taken  away  your  property  Imposed  upon  you  in  every  shape  you  having  nothing  better  to  expect 
than  as  lieretofore.  Now  is  the  time  to  separate  &c  and  so  lar  has  this  timptation  prevailed  that  a 
number  (not  from  this  County)  has  declared  Independacy  of  the  State  of  N.  Yk.,'  and  the  Com- 
mittee of  Dorset  has  Directed  a  Convention  of  all  the  New  H'.  Grants  to  meet  at  Dorset  to  fill  up 
by  Draft  or  Raising  a  bounty  CoUo  Warners  Reg',  houever  Incocistant  to  tliere  own  plaun  I 
Supose  tlie  Chietf  of  Cumberland  will  Join  none  from  us.  but  whicli  way  for  us  to  steer  I  know  not 
I  know  the  Congress  will  not  contienance  them  in  tl)ere  Independence,  we  are  at  the  greatest  distance 
of  anie  of  tliis  State  we  are  willing  to  be  Subject  to  N.  Y.  but  had  Ratlier  be  some  what  handier  to 
the  Seat  of  Gov"  as  we  realey  see  the  want  of  it  I  have  heard  I  was  chosen  to  waite  on  the  Con- 
gress in  behalf  of  I  am  also  desiered  by  the  Committees  to  apply  to  Congress  through  our  own 
assembleys  for  Proetection  can  I  come  to  you  as  our  assembly  or  not  I  cannot  as  New  Connectcutte 
waite  on  the  Congress  whitlier  as  the  case  Stands  we  had  not  better  be  ordered  to  do  dutey  with 
Boston  or  N.  H.  I  am  afraide  not  from  anie  thing  lieard  saide  but  tlie  naturall  Concequence  that 
these  Counties  are  in  danger  of  Ministeriall  proetectjon  the  lieads  of  the  Green  men  were  with  me 
in  Nov.  they  Insisted  much  on  my  Joyning  I  refused  but  told  them  first  to  petition  our  own  Congress 
which  they  said  should  be  done  the  16"' Jan',  which  I  thot  would  bring  them  to  yow  with  hopes 
some  measures  would  then  be  used  to  heal  old  Deficultys  but  the  Reverse  hapned  at  that  meeting. 

1  A  convention  of  Delegates  purporting  to  be  from  tlie  several  towns  and  counties  in  the  New  Hampshire  grants  wai 
held  at  Westminster  on  the  13th  January,  1777,  when  a  Declaration  of  Independence  was  agreed  to,  and  it  was  resolved  tiiat 
the  now  State  should  hereafter  be  called  "by  the  name  of  New  Connecticut." — Appendix  to  Prof.  J.  D.  Butler's  Mdrui; 
i%  PamphMi,  Vol.  22,  in  S.  Y  Statt  lib. 


I     L 


CONTROVF.nSY    nEBVECTINr!    Till:    NKW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


5GI 


I  should  have  waited  on  you  before  now  I>ut  I  venlly  expected  Col°.  Aleot  was  with'you  I  shall 
attend  as  soon  as  Possiable  I  should  think  tin-  men  raised  under  Hosslngton  should  be  Paid  and  kept 
for  Servise  if  not  held  none  be  Paid  but  tliein  tliat  has  done  real  Servise  that  will  not  be  mucli,  but 
if  they  are  continued  they  may  l)e  servisuble  In  future  if  the  whole  money  is  sent  and  all  that  will 
muster  to  be  Paid  and  care  taken  that  no  more  Billeting  is  paid  than  has  been  in  Servise. 

Tho  the  Frontiers  this  way  has  seemed  to  leave  yo.i  yet  you  will  ever  care  for  the  whole  I  think 

that  ever  and  an  army  of  observation  is  wanted  here  it  is  now  both  on  ace*,  of  Internal  as  well  as 

External  Enemys  you  will  advise  as  you  tlilnk  best  and  rely  you  will  do  every  thing  for  the  good 

of  the  whole  without  having  any  regard  to  Private  views    I  am  Gent", 

Your  most  obedient  Humble  servant, 

Jacob  Payley. 


HON.  A.  TEN  imOECK,  TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  CONGRESS. 


March  P',  1777. 

Sir,  The  inclosed  letters  and  resolutions  were  i)roposed  some  time  since  ;  but  fur  reason  with 
which  you  need  not  be  trouble  i,  were  tleluyeil — some  late  proceedings  of  tlie  disatl'ected  v.ilhin 
this  state,  occasions  their  now  jjeing  trunsinittci. 

I  am  directed  to  inform  you,  tliat  tl>e  conveniion  are  engaged  in  establishing  a  firm  and  permanent 
system  of  government.  Wlien  tliis  important  business  is  accomplished,  tiiey  will  dispatch  a  satisfactory 
state  of  their  boundaries,  and  tlie  principles  on  which  they  are  founded,  for  the  information  of  Con- 
gress. In  tiie  mean  time,  tliey  depend  upon  tlie  justice  of  your  honorable  house,  in  adopting  every 
wise  and  salutary  expedient  to  suppress  the  mischiefs  that  nmst  ensue  to  this  state  and  the  general 
confederacy,  from  the  luijust  and  pernicious  project  of  sucli  of  the  inhabitants  of  New  York  as, 
merely,  from  selfish  and  interested  motives,  have  fomented  this  dangerous  insuvrection  The 
Congress  may  be  assured,  that  the  spirit  of  defection,  notwithstanding  all  the  arts  and  violence  of 
the  seducers.,  is,  by  no  means,  general.  Tlie  county  of  Gloucester,  and  a  very  great  part  of  Cum- 
berland and  Charlotte  ccr.nties,  continue  steadfns'  i.:;  Mieir  allegiance  to  this  government.  Brigadier 
Gen.  Bayley's  letter,  a  cop"  . ''  wliicii  is  inclosed,  will  be  a  snlliejent  proof  of  the  temper  of  tlie 
people  of  Gloucester  county  Oiiarlotte  and  Cumberland  continue  to  be  represented  in  convention  ; 
and,  from  very  late  inlbrmiv ior ,  we  learn,  that  out  of  eiglity  members  wliicli  were  expected  to  have 
attended  the  mock  conve  ition  of  tiie  deluded  subjects  of  this  state,  twenty  only  attended. 

We  are  informed  b/  good  autlu))"ty,  that  Col.  Warner  was  directed  liy  the  general,  to  send 
forward  his  men,  f';-  ii  should  enlist  lliem,  to  Tyconderoga  ;  notwithstanding  wliich,  it  appeared, 
by  a  return  from  t^hence,  not  long  since,  tlu\t  only  twenty  four  -privates  liad  reached  that  post ;  nor 
is  tliere  the  least  prospect  i»f  his  raising  a  number  of  men  whicli  can  be  an  object  of  public  concern 
— though  instead  of  confining  hinis"lf  to  the  Green  Mountain,  as  we  understand  was  the  intention 
of  the  honourable  Congress,  he  has  had  the  advantages  of  recruiting  in  Albany  and  otlier  places. 

Tlie  convention  beg  to  know  what  pay  the  honourajjle  Congress  have  allowed  lor  tlie  officers  and 
privates  of  the  troops  of  horse,  who  were  employed  in  the  hist  campaign,  in  the  service  of  the 
United  States. — I  have  the  honour  to  be,  witli  great  respect.  Sir,  your  most  obedient  Servant, 


(Uy  order,) 


A.  Ten  Bkoeck,  P. 


Hon.  John  Hancock,  fJsq.  Prmdmi,  Sec. 


Vol.  IV. 


71 


■l 


662  CONTUOVF.RSY    RESPECTING    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


BRIEF  CONSIDERATIONS  ON  THE  SUBJECT  OF 

THE   INDEPENDENCE  OF  VERMONT. 
[  Miscellaneous  Tapcra  XXXIV.  ] 

1"  Would  it  not  be  proper  tliat  Congress  should  first  determine  the  Jurisdiction  as  the  people  of 
those  Counties  are  willing  to  submit  it  to  them. 

2J  Would  not  the  taking  of  tlie  Quitrent  unask'd  appear  as  If  we  were  purchasing  Those  people 
to  u  compliance,  and  would  tlierefore  lake  away  the  merit  of  such  an  action  and  seem  as  if  we 
doubted  our  Jurisdiction  over  those  Countios. 

SJ  As  tlie  legislative  body  of  the  State  will  soon  be  formed  will  it  not  be  more  proper  to  submit 
it  to  tlieir  decision,  than  a  Committee  of  Safety,  a  small  part  of  a  botly  chosen  by  the  people  for 
the  sole  purposes  of  framing  a  Government  n  body  who  liitherto  has  regulated  no  more  of  the 
Internal  policy  of  the  State,  than  there  was  an  absolute  and  Immediate  necessity  for. 

4'!'  Would  it  not  be  proper  to  call  the  principal  people  of  those  Counties  before  this  house  hear 
their  Complaints  and  know  tlie  Terms  they  are  authorized  to  settle  upon. 

5"'  have  not  many  of  t!ie  hanipshire  Grants  be?n  forfeited  by  the  Grar*3es  is  it  equitable  to 
confirm  their  titles  in  preference  to  a  just  one,  tlio  theirs  be  of  an  older  date.  ^ 

G">  [Repetition  of  No.  2.| 

7">  Are  we  not  rather  precipitate  in  giving  up  so  great  a  revenue  at  a  time  we  are  not  assured 
it  will  have  the  desired  etfect  upon  tiie  receiveis. 

8"»  Many  in  tliose  Counties  hold  lands  under  New  York  by  purcliase  of  officers  rights,  which 
together  v  itli  the  lees  conies  very  high  to  them,  in  what  manner  is  it  to  be  setled  when  Tenants  under 
those  people  and  others  under  New  liampsliire  are  setled  on  tlie  same  lands. 


(1.. 


;  ,t 


'      1 


THOMAS  YOUNG  TO  THE  PEOPLE  OF  THE  GRANTS. 

[MUoellincous  Papers  XXXP'.] 

Philadelphia  April  ll«h  1777. 

Gentlemen,  Numbers  of  you  are  knowing  to  tlie  zeal  with  which  I  liave  exerted  myself  in  your 
Behalf  from  the  Beginning  of  this  struggle  with  tlie  New  York  Monopollzei-s.  As  the  Supreme 
Arbiter  of  Riglit  has  smiled  on  the  jnst  Cause  of  North  America  at  large,  you  in  a  peculiar  Manner 
have  l)een  higlily  favored.  God  lias  done  by  you  tlie  best  Thing  commonly  done  lor  our  species. 
He  has  put  It  fairly  in  your  power  to  help  yourselves. 

I  liave  taken  the  Minds  of  several  of  the  leading  members  in  the  Honorable  Continental  Congress, 
and  can  assure  you  tliat  you  liave  Nothing  to  do  but  send  attested  Copies  of  the  Recommenciation  to 
take  up  government  to  every  Township  in  your  DLstrict,  and  invite  all  your  Freeholders  and 
Inliabitants  to  meet  in  their  respective  Townships  and  chuse  Members  for  a  General  Convention,  to 
meet  at  an  early  Day  to  chuse  Delegates  for  the  General  Congress  or  Committee  of  Salety,  and  to 
Ibrm  a  Ct)nstitutlon  I'nr  your  State. 

Your  Friends  here  tell  nie  that  some  are  in  Doubt  wliether  Delegates  from  your  District  would 
be  admitted  into  Congress.    I  tell  you  to  organize  tairly,  and  make  the  experiment,  and  I  will  ensure 


ii 


li     ) 


CONTaOVEBSY   BESPECTING   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   GRANT8. 


563 


you  Success  at  the  Risque  of  my  Reputation,  as  a  Man  of  Honor  or  Common  Sense,  Indeed  tliey 
can  by  uo  Means  refuse  you.  You  liave  as  good  u  Riglit  to  cliuse  liow  you  will  bo  go\erued  uuil 
by  whom,  as  they  had. 

I  have  recommended  to  yonr  Committee  the  Constitution  of  Pennsylvania  for  a  Model,  which  wltli 
a  very  little  alteration,  will,  in  my  opinion,  come  as  near  perfection  iis  any  tiling  yet  concerted  l>y 
Mankind.  This  Constitution  has  been  sifted  with  all  the  Criticism  that  a  Band  of  Despots  wero 
masters  of,  and  has  bid  defiance  to  tlieir  united  powers.  Tlie  alteration  I  would  reconuaend  is, 
that  all  the  Bills  intended  to  be  passed  into  Laws  sIkjuUI  be  laid  befi)re  tlie  Executive  Board  lor  tlieir 
perusal  and  proposals  of  amendment.  All  the  Dillerence  between  sncii  a  Constitution  and  those 
of  Connecticut  and  Rhode  Island,  in  the  grand  outlines  is  tliat  in  one  Case  the  Executive  power  can 
advise  and  in  the  other  compel.  For  my  own  part  I  esteem  tiie  people  at  largo  the  true  i)roprietors 
of  Governmental  power.  They  are  the  supreme,  constituent  power,  and  of  Course  their  immediate 
Representatives  are  the  supreme  Delegate  power ;  and  as  soon  as  tlie  delegate  power  gets  too  far 
out  of  the  Hands  of  the  constituent  power,  a  Tyranny  is  in  some  degree  established. 

Happy  are  you  in  laying  the  Foundation  of  a  new  Government,  you  have  a  Digest  drawn  from 
the  purest  Fountains  of  Antiquity,  and  improved  by  tlie  Readings  and  observations  of  the  great 
Doctor  Franklin,  David  Rittenhouse  Esq'  and  otliers.  I  am  certain  you  may  build  on  sucli  a  Basis 
a  System,  which  will  transmit  Liberty  &  Happiness  to  posterity. 

Let  the  scandalous  practice  of  bribing  Men  by  places  Commissions  k"  be  held  in  Abhorrence  among 
you,  By  entrusting  only  Men  of  Capacity  and  Integrity  in  public  Affairs,  and  by  obliging  even  the 
best  Men  to  fall  into  the  common  Mass  of  tlie  people  every  3'ear,  and  be  sensible  of  their  Need  of 
the  popular  good  Will  to  sustain  their  political  Importance,  is  yonr  Liberties  well  secured.  These 
plans  effectually  promise  this  Security.  May  almighty  God  smile  upon  your  arduous  and  important 
undertaking  and  inspire  you  with  that  V/isdom,  public  Spirit  &  unanimity  which  ensures  success  lu 
the  most  hazardous  Euterprizes. 

I  am  Gentlemen  Your  sincere  Friend  &  hble  Servant 

Thomas  Young. 


April  12,  1777. 

Your  committee  have  obtained  for  you  a  copy  of  the  recommendation  of  Congr'.'ss,  to  all  such 
bodys  of  men  as  looked  upon  themselves  returned  to  a  state  of  nature,  to  adopt  sucli  government 
nsshould,intheopinionof  the  representatives  of  the  people,  best  conduce  to  the  happiness  and  safety 
of  their  constituents  in  particular  and  America  in  general. 

You  ma} ,  perhaps,  think  strange,  that  nothing  further  is  done  for  you,  at  this  time,  than  to  send 
you  this  extract;  but  if  you  consider,  that  till  you  incorporate  and  actually  announce  to  Congress 
jour  haviug  become  a  bodj'  politic,  they  cannot  treat  with  you  as  a  free  state.  While  New-York 
claims  you  as  subjects  of  that  government,  my  humble  opinion  is,  your  own  good  sense  will  suggest 
to  you,  that  no  time  is  to  be  lost  in  availing  yourselves  of  the  same  opportunity  your  assuming 
mistress  is  improving  to  establish  a  dominion  for  herself  and  you  too. 

Jl  word  to  the  wise  is  sufficient.  Thomas  Young. 


Mwa 


564 


COSTIlOVr.nSY  nESPECTINC  THE  nkw  iiampsiiire  cuants. 


I 


DKCLAKATION  BY  THE  PEOPLE  AT  DHATTLEBOROUGII, 

OK  THEIR   AI.LE(iIAMCE   TO  TIIK   HTATK  UK   NKW    YOHK. 
LMisccItMicous  Tniivn  XXXIN.] 

nrattleborough  Apiul  25  1777. 
To  Isriicl  Smith  Escf  of  Brattleborougli  in  the  County  of  CujiilH'rknd  ami  Stute  of  New  York— 
You  beiug  iiiipoinlod  hy  tiiis  Town,  to  l{ej>re8i'iit  the  DitVcrent  (?iicinustances  tliia  Town  is  Uudei 
by  meuns  of  the  Factions  wliich  Pievuls  in  tliis  inid  the  N«"it!;hbv)ring  Countiea — We  tlie  Subscribers 
U'hig  iijipiinted  ti  t'ommitte  for  tiie  Purpose  of  (Jiving  You  instructions — do  instruct  you  us 
F  ioweth,  (viz)  that  you  Hcprexent  tluit  a  Niuul>er  i>f  Persons  CaHiutt  them  Solves  tlie  Kepresentl- 
tiv«>*  of  tlie  County  iu  Conjunclinn  witli  tliose  CidlM  the  lireen  Moimtitin  Uoys  met  at  Westminster 
iu  j<-.  nary  Last  and  Deehirid  tlie  Luml  known  by  the  Name  of  the  Newhampshire  Grants  a  Sepcrate 
inde!  'udent  State  that  Not  lialf  the  Towns  iu  this  Comity  waiv  Kepreseiited  in  tliis  meeting — that 
all  the  People  in  this  Town  are  Loyal  to  the  Stale  of  New  York  and  think  themselves  in  duty 
Boir'H  to  Put  iu  Executitm  all  orders  of  the  Contt-iuiental  and  this  State  Congress— and  that  it  is 
tli»><t!'!uion  of  thisCcmimittee  that  the  Greater  Tut  of  the  IVojde  in  (he  County  who  own  Propityare 
80 — that  these  Factions  are  Carried  so  liisli  i;;  Some  Pints  >.{  tlie  Couuty  it  is  daugrous  speaking 
against  a  New  State — that  you  iuiorui  the  C.uiventiou  t>f  the  many  DlQculties  that  have  subsisted  iu 
this  County  some  years  back.  Obadiah  Wells 

Setu  Smith 
Samll  Wahriner 
James  Blakeslee 

John  Gruj'in 
(Endorsed)     Instructions  fur  Israel  Smith  Esq  tht-ir  l{eprt>scntativo. 


^    t 


REPORT  TO  THE  N.  Y.  PROV.  CONnRESS  ON  TIIE 

NEW    IlA.MrSHlHE    GRANTS    KCA. 
'MinovlUncDUa  Piukts  XXXVII.] 

Your  Committee  directed  to  coitier  witu  Israel  Sni'Mi  agent  fi-om  the  Township  of  Brattleborougli 
beg  leave  to  report, 

That  the  said  Israel  Smitli  ;  .iih  inlorme«l  your  Commltlee  that  the  Township  of  Brattleborough 
aforesaid  labours  under  many  Inconvenieiiees  and  Disadvantages  some  of  which  are  common  to  the 
Counties  of  Cimberland  Gloueestev  &  Charlotte  others  peculiar  to  some  of  tlie  Inhabitants  of  the 
first  of  the  said  Ci«unties  and  particidarly  the  Tt>wnship  afoivsaid. 

Among  the  former  kind  the  lirst  in  order  is  the  uiirertaiiity  of  Titles  to  Land  within  the  said 
Counties  arising  from  the  Peculiarities  of  their  llrst  Sotllement&,  Cultivation  too  numerous  to  recito 
iu  this  Report.  By  reason  of  which  uncertainty  unless  some  nunle  is  adopted  by  the  Legislature 
for  the  quieting  of  Titles  many  of  the  honest  Inhabitants  of  tlie  said  Comities  must  be  ruined  by 
legal  Contests  with  ea<li  other. 

The  secon«l  is  the  Defect  of  Title  under  this  State  which  in  snnic  inslnnccs  could  not  be  obtained 


COMTROTSRSY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


565 


from  the  former  Government  by  Reason  of  prior  Grants  and  other  Circumstances  wliich  it  may  not 
be  proper  to  mention  and  which  in  other  Instances  was  attended  with  such  enormous  Expence  as 
to  deter  many  who  would  otherwise  liave  exerted  themselves  to  procure  it.  An  Evil  which  cannot 
be  fully  obviated  but  by  some  general  act  for  tiie  Confirmation  of  Lands  within  tlie  said  Counties. 

The  tiiird  general  Inconvenience  complained  of  is  tlie  Distance  of  tlie  said  Counties  Irom  tlie  former 
Seat  of  Government.  By  reason  whereof  the  obtaining  of  Justice  is  on  the  one  Hand  rendered 
laborious  tedious  and  expensive  to  the  Inliabitants  and  on  the  other  the  Influence  of  the  said 
Government  over  such  Inhabitants  is  weak  and  disipated.  From  wlience  results  a  want  of 
Energy  &  vigor  in  the  administration  to  the  great  Encouragement  of  tlie  lawless  and  wicked  &  to  the 
utter  Distress  and  Ruin  of  all  loyal,  peaceable  and  good  subjects.    But 

The  fourth  general  Inconvenience  and  which  furnishes  the  broadest  Ground  of  Clamor  and 
Complaint  is  the  Exaction  of  heavy  Quit  lients  for  the  Lands  within  the  said  Counties  whicli  they 
consider  as  an  Innovation  upon  the  Rights  of  Mankind  for  whose  use  such  Lands  were  given  by  a 
bountiful  Providence  without  reservation  and  which  ought  not  in  their  opinion  to  be  charged  with 
Taxes  other  than  for  the  general  Support  &  Defence  of  the  State  and  Government.  Besides  this  they 
observe  that  the  Regulation  is  extremely  Partial  since  thereby  Lands  of  tlie  greatest  value  both  as 
to  Quality  &  Situation  pay  no  r'art  of  a  Tax  which  fulls  heavy  upon  the  Possessors  of  a  rough  or 
even  mountainous  Country  remote  from  the  means  of  obtaining  large  supplies  of  money  for  discharg- 
ing this  unequal  and  of  Consequence  inequitable  Impost.  And  to  this  tl^ey  add  tiiat  such  Quit 
Rents  generally  fall  heavy  upon  the  poor  man  who  purchases  a  small  Farm  and  who  is  burthened  not 
only  with  paying  all  the  arrearages  due  upon  it  but  liable  to  be  turned  out  and  have  his  Property 
sold  by  the  Laws  of  tliis  State  to  pay  the  Quits  of  a  large  Patent  in  which  he  hath  no  other  Interest 
than  by  having  purcliased  a  small  Part. 

The  particular  Inconveniences  and  Disadvantages  complained  of  by  the  said  Township  are  that  by 
the  steady  attachment  of  the  Inhabitants  thereof  to  this  State  and  their  unwearied  opposition  to  the 
Independ  jncy  claimed  by  suiidr}  evil  minded  Persons  in  the  said  Counties  the  said  Inliabitants  are 
not  only  become  odious  to  some  of  their  neighbours  but  from  the  Indolence  or  Disaffection  of  their 
militia  officers  incapable  of  Exerting  themselves  against  the  common  Enemy  they  having  never  yet 
been  called  out  upon  any  alarm  altho  as  well  from  their  zeal  as  their  Propiiuiuity  to  Ticonderoga 
they  might  be  of  great  utility  whenever  the  Enemy  shall  think  proper  to  make  an  attempt  upon  that 
Fortress  or  its  vicinage.  Tliey  are  also  much  destressed  for  want  of  arms  and  feel  tlieuiselves  under 
great  streiglits  on  account  of  the  Tories  who  cannot  now  be  dealt  with.  For  altho  by  tiie  late 
Resolutions  of  this  Convention  the  said  Israel  Smith  is  of  opinion  that  new  and  more  spirited 
measures  will  be  taken  against  them  yet  from  the  distracted  state  of  tlie  said  County  it  may  be 
impracticable  to  collect  a  County  Committee  for  Defect  whei-eof  the  said  Resolutions  may  become 
iuefl'ectual  altho  perfectly  consonant  to  the  Wishes  &  Desires  .'■     ••  People. 

Upon  which  said  Conference  your  Committee  are  of  opinii.  j  th;  the  Quieting  or  Confirmation  of 
Titles  would  be  inefhcacous  before  the  authority  of  this  State  11  .idly  acknowledged  within  tlie  said 
Counties  at  which  Time  the  Etjuity  of  Government  will  doubtless  upon  the  application  of  its  good 
subjects  grant  every  Relief  which  the  nature  of  the  Case  will  admit  of  Tliat  the  Distance  from 
the  Seat  of  Government  which  is  one  Ground  of  Complaint  would  not  long  continue  were  the  whole 
Power  of  the  State  to  be  confined  to  such  Parts  of  it  as  are  now  settled  but  must  certainly  depend 
under  our  free  and  equal  Constitution  upon  the  Part  which  those  Counties  may  take  and  the 
weight  which  they  may  easily  acquire  in  the  Legislature.  Tiiat  as  to  the  Complaints  on  the  Score 
of  Quit  Rents  your  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  the  Resolution  wliich  is  already  liefoie  tlie  House 
upon  that  s^ubject  will  be  productive  of  those  Effecls  wluch  they  seem  to  desire.     That  the  furnishing 


i 


;",n 


S^'  1 


'.•'■\-t 


"('  y-   I 


566 


COMTBOTEASY   BKSPECTINQ    THE  MEW    IUMP8HIRR   ORAKTS. 


the  said  Inliabitants  with  arms  is  in  the  opinion  of  your  Committee  utterly  impracticable  of  which 
their  said  agent  may  he  intormed.  Tliat  tlie  odium  wliicli  they  Imve  incurred  trom  tlieir  attach- 
ment to  this  State  is  an  Evil  wliich  cannot  otherwise  be  remedied  than  by  a  Change  in  tlie  opinions 
of  the  Inhabitants  of  tlie  said  Counties  «n  Event  which  in  the  o])lnion  of  your  Committee  will 
take  Place  as  soon  as  they  sliall  be  .^avinced  of  their  true  Interests.  Upon  the  Remainder  of  the 
said  Representation  your  Committee  submit  the  following  Resolutions. 

l>t  Whereas  it  hath  been  represented  to  this  Convention  that  divers  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the 
County  of  Cumberland  who  are  desirous  of  continuing  the  Subjects  of  this  State  are  from  divers 
Reasons  incapable  of  exerting  tliemselves  in  the  general  Defence  particularly  from  the  want  of  proper 
officers  therefore  Resolved  that  it  be  recommended  to  such  Inhabitants  to  associate  as  follows  to 
•wit.  "  We  the  Subscribers  Subjects  of  the  State  of  "  New  York  do  associate  togetlier  for  the 
"  Defence  of  the  united  States  against  the  King  of  Great  Britain  as  follows  First  we  will  chuse  our 
"officers  by  vote  of  the  Majority  in  each  respective  Company  or  Regiment.  Secondly  we  will  obey 
"such  our  officers  as  other  the  miUtia  of  tiie  said  State.  Thirdl}  the  names  of  the  said  officers 
"shall  be  transmitted  to  the  Government  of  the  said  State  and  to  i  «  General  in  the  Northern 
"  Department    Lastly  that  this  association  shall  continue  in  force  until  re\  oked  by  proper  authority." 

2''  Whereas  it  hath  been  suggested  to  this  Convention  that  the  C(junty  Committee  of  the  County 
of  Cumberland  cannot  he  collected  together  but  with  great  Difficulty,  Resolved  that  any  Committee 
chosen  by  the  Inhabitants  of  three  or  more  adjoining  Townships  within  the  said  County  may  exercise 
the  Powers  mentioned  in  the  Resolution  of  the        Instant.  \ 

All  which  is  humbly  submitted. 

This  Report  was  bro't  in  &  read  May  10""  1777  &  ordered  to  lie  on  the  Table  excepting  the  two 
Resolutions  maiked  N"  1  &  2  which  were  agreed  to  &  passed. 


!:i 


HON.  P.  VAN  CORTLANDT  TO  THE  PREST  OF  CONGRESS. 

At  a  time  when  the  Councils  and  arms  of  America  should  be  directed  to  the  defence  of  all  the 
United  States  against  foreign  invasion,  it  gives  us  pain  to  find  it  our  duty  to  call  the  attention  of 
Congress  to  the  domestic  concerns  of  this  state.  A  faction  in  the  north  eastern  part  of  this  state, 
aim  at  separation  from  it,  and  have  declared  themselves  independent. 

Although  we  appreliend  no  great  difficulties  in  reducing  these  factious  spirits  to  obedience  and 
good  order,  by  the  justice  and  vigour  of  the  government  of  this  state,  without  the  aid  of  Congress, 
yet  as  a  report  prevails,  and  daily  gains  credit,  tiiat  tliey  are  privately  countenanced  in  their  designs 
by  certain  members  of  your  lumorable  house,  we  esteem  it  our  duty  to  give  you  tliis  information, 
that  by  a  proper  resolution  on  that  subject,  tlie  reputation  of  Congress  may  cease  to  be  injured  by 
imputations  so  disgraceful  and  dishonorable. 

However  unwilling  we  may  be,  to  entertain  suspicions  so  disreputable  to  any  member  of  Congress, 
yet  the  truth  is,  that  no  inconsiderable  numbers  of  the  people  of  this  state  do  believe  tlie  report  to  he 
well  fbimded,  and  of  course,  their  confidence  in  the  justice,  and  their  resi)ect  for  the  determination 
of  Congress,  will,  we  fear,  be  diminished ;  nor  can  it  be  dlficult  to  perceive  what  an  unhappy 
influence  such  reports  and  apprehensions  have  on  the  minds  of  the  best  Whigs  of  this  state,  especially 
at  this  critical  juncture. 

I  hrve  the  honour  to  be,  with  great  respect,  Sir,  your  most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

May  28.  1777.  (By  order)  Pierre  Van  Cortlandt,  P. 

Hon  Jolin  Hancock,  Esq.  President  &c. 


CONTROVF.RSV    RESPRCTINO    THE  NEW   HAMPHHIRE  ORAMTS. 


567 


JOHN  WILLIAMS  TO  JNO.  McKESSON  ESQR 

SEC'y   of  the   new  YORK   OOMVENTION. 
[Original  LottcnXXni.] 

New  Perth  Juno  23J  1777. 

Dear  Sir  Inclosed  I  have  Transmitted  you  a  Pharaplett  Lately  Circulated  through  the  Grunts,  as 
Its  an  answer  to  some  of  our  Proceedings.  I  thought  it  my  Duty  to  trunsmitt  it  to  yuu,  Requesting 
yoii  will  show  it  to  the  Council  of  Safety  and  after  they  have  perused  it  to  forward  it  to  Mess'* 
Duane  &  Duer,  if  at  Congress.  Tlie  Inhabitants  on  tlie  Grants  have  lately  had  a  meeting  Cliose 
there  Deputies  to  sitt  in  Convention,  and  the  Convention  declared  the  Grant  to  be  an  Independent 
State,  Called  by  the  name  of  New  Vermount'  Another  meeting  is  soon  to  be  lield,  in  order  to 
Chuse  Delegates  to  Represent  them  in  Continental  Congress,  these  proceedings  has  thrown  this 
County  into  great  Confusion,  nor  do  I  know  how  we  shall  proceed  I  um  much  obliged  to  you  for 
the  favour  of  your  Letter  and  Information  p'  Cap  Conkey,  I  beleeve  we  liave  been  pretty  unanimous 
in  the  Election  for  Governor  &  Lieu'  Governor,  to  witt  Gen'  Scott  &  Clinton,  but  there  was  very 
few  that  voted. 

The  Lott  Number  68  in  Argyle  Belonging  to  Gen'  Scott,  I  must  beg  j'ou'll  procure  for  me  in  behalf 
of  Cap"  Martin,  I  am  Inlbrmed  some  other  people  are  after  it — However  I  am  of  opinion  Gen' 
Scott  will  not  Let  any  one  have  it  without  giving  Cap'  Martin  the  refusal. 

I  am  Deal'  Sir  your  very  Hum*  Serv' 

Jn"  Williams, 

N.  B.  I  was  at  Oater  Creek  yesterday  and  was  Informed  a  number  of  Canadians  is  Come  down 
a  Cross  the  Green  Mountains  from  Canada  &  says — there  are  but  few  Regulars  in  Canada,  but  useth 
the  Inhabitants  very  111,  Numbers  are  Coming  Down  every  Day,  Two  Captains  belonging  to  Coll" 
Livingstons  Regim**  is  among  them,  tliey  have  found  a  road  and  Can  Come  in  12  days. 


|l| 


11 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  THE  COUNCIL  OF  SAFETY  OF  NEW  TOM 

ON   RECKIVING   INTELLIGENCE   THAT  VERMONT    IS    ESDEAVOUING   TO  BE    INDEPENDENT,  JUNE  27,  1777. 

[Miscellaneous  Papers  XXXVIII.] 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  several  Letters  from  Alexander  Webster  dated  21«* 
June  1777,  from  Alexand'  &  Ebenezer  Clark  &  John  Williams  Esq'  dated  23<i  June  1777,  &  from 
Jacob  Baily  dated  11"'  June  having  considered  the  same  humbly  report  tlie  following  Letter  & 
resolutions. 

Resolved  that  the  Sheriff  of  the  County  of  Cliarlotte  return  the  poll  lists  of  the  names  of  such 
persons  as  have  voted  in  the  County  of  Charlotte  for  Governor  &  Lieutenant  Governor  &  for  Senators 

1  Tlio  Convention  met  on  the  4tli  .Inne,  at  Windsor,  nnd  having  learned  "  tlint  a  district  of  land  lying  on  the  Susquehannah 
river  lins  been  hcretolbrc  and  is  now  known  by  the  name  of  Kew  Connecticut,"  (the  name  agi'ecd  upon  for  the  new  State  in 
Jan'y,  1777,)  "  which  was  unknown  to  them  nntil  some  time  since  the  declaration  at  Westminster  aforesaid,"  they  resolved 
that  the  name  be  dropped  nnd  the  State  called  Vermont.  See  Jlppendix  to  Professor  James  D.  Butler's  Addrtss  be/ore 
the  Vt.  Hist.  Soc,  Octob.  10,  liMO,  in  Pamphlets  in  N.  T.  State  Lib.,  Vol.  XXII.,  for  the  Declaration  and  Complaints. 


f 


I 

I 


11 


fi68 


COMTKOVEMY    RKSPECTINU    THE   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   URANTB. 


for  the  onstcrn  district — and  tliat  lie  return  the  Indentures  of  such  persoi  s  as  liave  been  elected 
representatives  in  general  assembly  to  tiie  assembly  of  this  Stute  at  tlieir  tlrst  meeting — and  tliat 
the  future  LegiHluture  uf  this  state  will  in  tiie  opinion  of  this  Conunittee  make  proper  provisions 
that  the  good  Siil)Jects  of  tlie  County  of  Charlotte  who  have  voU\i  tor  representatives  in  Gen> 
assembly  &  lur  Senators  fur  the  eastern  districts  shall  not  bear  piott!  :iiuu  their  Just  &.  due  pro- 
portion of  the  expetice  of  such  Senators  &  representatives. 

Kesolved  that  from  tlie  above  Letters  and  from  other  information  rec'.  by  this  Council  it  appears 
that  many  people  in  the  Eastern  district  of  this  State  are  endeavoring  to  erect  the  same  Into  a 
seperate  &  indei)en(Iant  Stute — Tliat  some  artful  &  designing  persons  among  them  pretend  to  have 
received  encouragem*.  tliereto  from  members  of  the  hon.  the  Congress — 

Kesolved  that  a  Letter  be  written  to  our  Dele>;ates  at  Congress  enclosing  copies  of  the  above  Letters 
&  the  report  of  Committee  for  settling  the  boimdaries  of  this  State — 

Resolved  that  Maj.  Wheelock  be  requested  to  repair  to  Philadelphia  to  give  the  necessary 
information  to  our  delegates  tliere  of  the  present  situation  of  the  eastern  district  of  this  State. 


1; 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS,  June  30, 1777. 

[MlMcllMioous  Papcra  XXXVII.] 

Monday,  30th  June,  1777. 

Congress,  agreeably  to  the  order  of  the  day,  resolved  itself  into  a  Comniiltee  of  the  whole,  to 
take  into  consideration  the  letters  from  Mruham  7V7»  ^rofc/i,  Esq;  President  of  the  Convention  of 
the  State  of  JVeio  York,  tkted  20"'  January  and  1st  March,  1777j  tlie  resolutions  passed  in  Committee 
of  Safetv  for  the  Sl:>lo  ol  JVew  York,  at  Fishkill,  the  20th  of  January,  1777,  transmitted  with  the 
above  lellcrs;  n  petirion  signed  Jonas  Fay,  Thomas  Chittenden,  Ileman  Jlllen  and  Reuben- Jones,  in  the 
name  atd  beiiiiLf  of  the  people  stiling  themselves  inhabitants  of  the  Kew  Hampshire  Grants,  dated 
JVfw  Hampshire  Grants,  Westminster,  15th  January,  im ;  a  letter  from  Pierre  Van  Cortlandt,  Esq; 
President  of  the  Council  of  Safety  of  JVeio  York,  dated  28th  May,  1777;  and  a  printed  paper,  signed 
"A  word  to  the  wise  is  sufficient,"  containing  an  extract  from  tlie  minutes  of  Congress,  and  a  letter 
to  the  inhabitants  of  l^ermont,  signed  Thomas  Young,  dated  Philadelphia,  11th  Jlpril  1777,  laid 
before  Congress  the  23d  instant  by  the  Delegates  of  JVew  York,  and  after  some  time,  the  President 
resumed  the  cliair,  and  Mr.  Harrison  reported,  That  the  Committee  have  had  under  consideration 
the  letters  and  papers  to  them  referred,  and  have  come  to  sundry  Resolutions  thereupon,  which  he 
is  ready  to  report  whenever  the  Congress  shall  please  to  receive  them. 

Ordered,  That  tlie  rep(jrt  be  now  received. 

The  report  from  the  Committee  of  tJie  whole  was  then  read,  and  agreed  to,  as  follows: 

Resolved,  Tliat  Congress  is  composed  of  Delegates  chosen  by  and  representing  the  communities 
resjiectively  inhabiting  the  territories  of  J^Tew- Hampshire,  Massachusetts-Bay,  Rhode-Island,  arid 
Providence  Plantations,  Connecticut,  J\'ew-York,  Kew-Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Maryland,  Vir- 
ginia, Xorth-Carolina,  South  Carolina  and  Georgia,  as  they  respectively  stood  at  the  time  of  its 
lirsi  institution  ; — that  it  was  instituted  for  the  purpose  of  securing  and  defending  the  communities 
aforesaid,  against  the  usurpations,  oppressions  and  hostile  invasions  of  Great  Britain; — and  that 
therefore  it  cannot  be  intended  that  Congress  by  any  of  its  proceedings  would  do,  recommend,  or 
countenance  any  tiling  injurious  to  the  riglils  and  Jurisdictions  of  the  several  communities  which 
it  represents. 


OOHTIIOVEiltV    RCIPECTIHO    THE   NEW   HAMNHtRB  OftAMTt. 


569 


officers  of  (lillerent 
regiment,  but  wer« 
WiiKRKAs  a  priiiti 


Resolved,  Tlint  the  Independfiit  Oovernmeiit  nttempt<'<l  to  be  esfabllsbed  by  the  people  stilinc; 
themselves  itilmbltiirits  i>t'  t\\v  JWw- 1  lumps 'tire  (irait/s,  om  deiive  no  eountenaiireor  justillcation  trum 
the  act  of  Congress  dechiriiiR  tlio  united  Colonies  to  be  independent  of  llie  crown  ol'  Gnat  Uri/ain, 
nor  fn  m  niiy  otiier  act  or  resolution  of  C'i>ni,'res«. 

Jlesuhnil,  that  tlie  petition  ul'  Jonas  Fay,  T/wmns  C/iillindm,  Uitnait  Jilkn  iind  Rcuhrn  Junes,  in  tlie 
name  and  behalf  of  the  people  stilinc"  theiiisihes  fis'  alorefmid,  praying  '•  that  their  declaration,  t!mt 
"  tlicy  would  consider  thcmsclvo!!  as  u  free  and  independent  State,  maybe  received  ;  that  the  district 
"  in  the  said  petition  described  may  be  ranked  anion;;  the  fieo  and  independent  States;  and  that 
"  Delegates   therelVom  may  be  ailmitttd  to  seats  in  Congress,"  be  dismissed. 

Resolmd,  That  Congress,  by  raising  and  ollicering  the  regiment  com!v>an'led  by  Colonel  Wanttr, 
never  meant  to  give  encouragement  to  the  claim  of  the  people  aforebai '.  "•  "^  considered  as  an 
Independent  Slate  ;  niut  the  reason  wliieli  indue<;d  Congress  to  fori'i  il  i',?  C/i/:    was,  that  many 

te»,  'vho  had  served  in  Canada,  and  a'.ledged  i.it  thty  weald  soon  raise  u 
'inpiovided  tor  ndght  he  reinstated  in  tlie  service  of  tiio  I'nited  States, 
addressed  to  t!  e  inhabitants  of  the  district  ilbresaid, dated  Philadelphia, 
ll'h  April,  1777,  and  subscri'  ed  "  Thomas  Vou»g,''  was  laid  belore  Cont'ress  on  the  '23*^  instant,  by 
the  Delegates  of  J^Tew  York,  to  which  address  is  prefixed  the  resolution  of  Congress  of  the  1  B'h  of 
May,  1770,  and  in  wlilch  are  contained  the  following  paragrapiis : 

"  I  have  taken  the  minds  of  several  of  the  leading  members  of  the  Honorable  the  Continental 
"  Congress,  and  can  assure  you  that  you  have  nothing  to  do  but  to  send  attested  copies  of  the 
"  recommendation  to  take  up  government  to  every  townsliip  in  your  district,  and  invite  all  the 
"  freeholders  and  inhabitants  to  meet  in  their  respective  townships,  and  chuse  members  for  a  general 
"  convention  to  meet  at  an  early  day  to  chuse  Delegates  fnv  the  general  Congress  and  Committee  of 
"  Safety,  and  to  form  a  Constitution  for  your  State. — Yoiu-  friends  here  tell  me,  that  some  are  in 
"doubt  whether  Delegates  from  your  district  would  be  admitted  into  Congress;  I  tell  yon,  to 
"  organize  fairly  ;  and  make  the  Experiment,  and  Twill  ensure  you  success  at  the  risque  of  my 
"reputation  as  a  man  of  honour  or  common  sense  ;  indeed  they  can  by  no  means  refuse  }ou  ;  you 
"  have  as  good  a  right  to  chuse  how  you  will  bo  governed,  and  by  whom,  as  they  had." 

Resolved,  That  the  contents  of  the  said  paragraphs  are  derogatory  to  the  honour  of  Congress,  and 
a  gross  misrepresentation  of  tlie  resolution  of  Congress  therein  referred  to,  and  tend  to  deceive  and 
mislead  the  people  so  altlressed. 

Extract  from  the  Journals,  Charles  Thompson,  Secretary. 


RESOLUTION  OF  THE  N.  Y.  COUNCIL  OF  SAFETY. 

[Ass :  Pap :  Controverjy  with  Vennont.] 

In  Council  of  Safety  fnr  tlie  State  of  New  York  Kingston  July  17, 1777. 
Resolved  that  printed  Copiesof  the  Resolutions  of  the  Honourable  Continental  Congress  of  the  yO"> 
of  June  last  be  transmitted  to  James  Clay  Es(]r.  Chairman  of  the  General  Committee  of  the  County 
of  Cumberland  and  delivered  to  Colonel  Eleazer  Patterson  and  Major  John  Wneelock  and  that  they 
be  requested  to  distribute  the  same  throughout  the  eastern  District  of  this  State  in  such  manner  as 
will  most  effectually  convey  to  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  District  the  Disapprobation  of  the  Honi"'* 
Continental  Congress,  of  the  Illegal  Proceedings  of  their  pretended  Convention  and  their  adherents 
and  abettors.  Extract  from  the  Minutes  Robt  Benson  Secrr. 

Vol. it.  72 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


|41 

if  m 

^       14.0 


2.0 


11.25  III  1.4 


iiii  1.8 


7] 


7 


^^    V>  .s^ 


/^'^ 


7 


Kiotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)873-4503 


iu 
^ 


MMTBOVSMV  MinCTIKa  tHS  IRW  HAMMBIBB  SBADTB. 


REPORT  OF  JAMES  CLAY  THEREON. 


i.-A-.t 


Presuant  to  the  above  Resolves,  I  have  Carred  and  Sent  to  the  Sub  Committee,  of  every  Town  In 
the  County,  a  number  of  the  Continental  Resolves  in  order  that  the  Inhabitauce  migiit  see  them, 
\7ith  a  desire  as  followeth 

Gentlemen  -  .         ,, 

These  are  to  Desire  you  to  call  a  Town  meeting  of  the  Inhabitance  of  your  Town,  in  order  to  hear 
the  Resolves  of  the  Continental  Congress,  and  to  Chuse  County  Committee  Men,  if  your  Town  hath 
not  already  Chosen,  to  meet  at  Westminster  Court  house,  on  the  first  Tuesday  in  September  next, 
at  Ten  a  Clock  in  the  fournoon,  in  order  to  Tranceact  the  Publick  Bisuess  of  the  County,  and  all 
other  Matters  that  May  Come  before  them. 

James  Clay  Chairman 
Putney  July  y«  28, 1 777.  of  tho  County  Committee. 

To  the  Sub  Committee  of 

The  above  is  a  True  Copy  of  what  was  sent  to  the  Towns. 

J.  Clay 


WARRANT  FOR  THE  ARREST  OP  JAMES  CUT  ESQ. 

In  Council  of  Safety  State  of  Vermont  Bennington  W*>  august  1777. 
To  Jesse  Burk 

you  are  heareby  Required  to  take  the  Body  of  Cap<  James  Clay  of  Putney  and  him  safely  keep  so 

that  you  have  him  Before  this  Council  to  answer  the  Complaints  exhibited  against  liim  you  are  to 

take  suitable  assistance  and  make  due  Return  of  your  proceedings  herein  at  the  same  time  for 

which  this  shall  be  your  sufficient  warrant. 

By  order  of  Council  Jonas  Fay  Vice  President. 

A  true  Copy  Compared 

Jesse  Bubk. 


REPORT  OF  MR.  CLAY  ON  HIS  ARREST. 

Putney  August  y«  16: 1777. 
I  was  taken  by  the  within  named  Jesse  Burk,  and  was  carried  by  iiim  before  tlie  within  named 
CouBcil,  I  asked  said  Committee  wliat  was  tlie  Complaint  against  me.  Col.  Chittenden  Answered  me, 
and  said  that  I  had  acted  under  the  State  of  New  York  contrary  to  their  Resolves  of  June  lust  in  my 
notifying  the  County  Committee  to  meet  again,  and  sending  about  the  Continental  Congress  Resolves, 
and  Seting  tlie  People  against  the  New  State,  and  thay  Detained  mo  tlieir  Six  Days,  and  tiien  set  me 
a  liberty  with  my  Pvonxising  to  Caraey  a  Letter  to  Burk. 

James  Clay. 


OOMTMVCtUIT  MtSnCYlttd  ¥Hi  Hew  flAltMUliJ!  OIUUITI. 


m 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  WESTMINSTER. 


W 


Hilsdale 

Brattleborough 

Guilford 

Halafaz 

Draper 

Malborough   ^ 

New-Pane 

Putney 

Pomphret 

I'ownshend 

Hartford— M'  Rust 


Westminster  Michael  Gilson 

Woodstock 

Rockingham,  Wm  Simonds 

Springfield  J  ^^'"°°  S*«^«°'  ^'  * 
)     Jerabmeel  Powars 

Windsor 

Hartford 

Chester  Jabesh  Sergents 

Kent 

Weathersfleld  Hilkiah  Grout 

Cavendish 

FuIIum 


Westminster  Sept  y«  2, 1777  According  to  the  adjournment  of  the  Committee  and  a  new  notlfy- 
cation  sent  to  the  above  towns  by  the  Chairman  of  the  County  Committee,  the  aboue  Gentlemen  met 
at  the  County  house  and  proceeded  as  followeth — 

The  Chairman  not  being  able  to  attend  his  Duty,  Mr.  Stephens,  who  was  Clark  opened  the  meeting. 

Firstly,  Voted  after  a  long  Debate  to  adjourn  said  meeting  untill  to-morrow  morning  at  seven 
0  Clock. 

Sept  y«  3.  at  Seven  o  clock  meet  according  to  adjournment.  It  was  moovcd  that  this  Committee 
send  some  sutable  person  to  the  Convention  or  Legislature  of  the  State  of  new  york  to  Inform  tliem 
of  the  Conduct  of  the  protended  Counsell  and  protended  Committees  of  the  State  of  Vermont  and 
take  their  advice  and  Directions  thereon,  but  there  being  four  members  against  the  motion  wo 
could  not  obtain  any  vote  of  that  nature. 

Secondly  Voted  to  adjourn  this  Committee  untill  the  second  Tuesday  of  November  next  at  ten 
0  Clock  in  the  morning  to  meet  at  this  place 

a  true  Copy  £i-om  the  Minutes 

Test  Simon  Stevens  Clark. 


Westminster  Sep*  y«  3d  1777. 
In  less  than  an  hour  after  the  County  Committee  had  adjourned  the  Chairman  Cap*  James  Clay  cam6 
in  order  to  attend  his  Duty,  and  M*  Obadiah  Wells  from  Brattleborough  with  him  there  being  a 
number  of  the  County  Committee  present  namely — 

James  Clay  of  Putney 
Michael  Gilson — Westminster  Hilkiah  Grout — Weathersfleld 

Obadiah  Wells — Brattleborough  Simon  Stevens — Springfield 

Takeing  under  Consideration  the  Devided  and  Broken  State  of  the  County  of  Cumberland  in 
respect  to  the  Conduct  mentioned  in  the  votes  of  the  Committee  the  day  abovesaid,  and  tlie  cause 
why  the  whole  Committee  did  not  meet,  we  as  members  of  said  Committee  and  well  wisliers  to  tlie 
Common  Cause  of  America  and  this  State  tliink  it  our  duty  to  send  some  suitable  person  to  tlio 
Convention,  or  state  of  New  York,  with  the  votes  of  the  County  Committee,  in  order  to  give  them 
a  true  Representation  of  the  Difficulties  the  County  of  Cumberland  &c  now  labour  under,  and  to 


lit 


I 


it 


i4 


679 


OOMTBOTUUIT   RISPECTHIQ  THB  MEW   HAMNHIRK  OMMTI. 


pray  them  to  find  out  some  method  whereby  they  may  be  relieved,  and  the  said  Committee  enabled 
to  act  with  safety  for  tlie  generall  benefit  of  the  United  States  and  tite  State  of  New  York  in  particu- 
lar, and  as  Cap*  Clay  lias  been  and  now  is  a  sufferer  by  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,  we  think 
him  the  most  suitable  person  and  best  able  to  give  a  suitable  representation  to  tlie  Honorable 
Convention  and  as  such  we  advise  him  as  soon  as  liis  liealth  will  admit  to  Repair  to  tlie  said  Con- 
vention fur  tliat  purpose,  and  as  Capt  Clay  lias  been  a  long  time  in  the  County  Committee  and 
Improved  lis  n  Ciiairman  the  greatest  part  of  tlie  time  it  has  been  very  expensive  to  him,  and  lie  hath 
received  no  manner  of  suttisfaction  lor  all  his  trouble  and  is  now  going  on  his  own  cost,  we  Cant 
hflp  but  recomeud  him  to  the  state  as  worthy  to  receive  such  11)16011' as  they  think  a  faithful  person 
ought  to  have,    as  witness  our  Hands  Simon  Stevens 

_  .    ,  , .    ^  HiLKiAH  Grout 

MtCUAEL  GiLsoir 
Obamah  Wells 
Eleab<^  Paterbon. 


J.  SESSIONS  TO  JOHN  McKESSON  ESQ.  \ 

SECT  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  CONVENTION. 

[MiKclUneoua  Papon  XXXVII.] 

Westminster  4'i»  Septem'  1777. 
Sir  it  gave  me  Peculiar  Satisfaction  when  I  found  not  only  by  your  Letter  but  by  the  Resolves  you 
therein  mention  that  our  affairs  have  ben  upon  the  Carpet  in  Congress— but  it  by  no  means 
answers  the  end  (at  Present)  to  stop  the  Progress  of  the  faction  respecting  n  New  State  I  would  have 
sent  you  one  of  the  Connecticut  Papers  wherein  is  contained  the  Construction  those  People  Put  upon 
the  Resolves  of  Congress  but  I  conclude  you  have  seen  it  so  that  it  will  bo  kneedless— if  they  had 
Resolved  they  would  break  their  necks  if  they  Did  not  Desist  I  Dont  know  but  those  People 
might  have  thought  they  were  in  arenest  but  the  Honi"'*  Congirss  and  Council  of  this  State  will 
become  more  Seucable  (I  trust)  of  the  Temper  and  Disposition  that  actuates  those  People  than  they 
have  ben  and  I  am  sorry  they  liant  before  now  if  it  had  been  suppi-est  sooner  it  in  all  Probability 
might  liave  ben  Effectual  but  the  Event  now  I  am  uuahle  I'ully  to  Determine  altlio  1  can  Conjecture 
&  is  what  I  should  Dread — my  opposition  has  rendred  my  Situation  Sitmewhat  unhappy  at  present 
but  trust  shall  find  the  old  Maxim  True  in  the  end— (viz)  honesty  is  the  best  Polacy  I  liave  ben  a 
Sort  of  a  Micaiah  in  the  affair  &  I  believe  many  would  be  glad  i-e  in  honso  of  Jt)nathan  &  have 
reason  to  expect  this  will  be  my  fait  if  sumthing  is  not  Doi;  /  soone— for  I  find  I  am  highly 
threatued  but  if  sumthing  is  not  Done  Same  shall  be  obliged  to  give  up  the  Point —  as  to  News  1 
have  nothing  special  to  Write  only  it  is  a  very  sickly  time  among  us  and  in  Neighbouring  Towns. 
Should  be  glad  of  a  Line  from  you  whereby  I  may  understand  what  your  Sentemen  are  abought 
our  affairs  aa  I  want  to  act  with  safety  and  Prudence  both  for  my  Self  State  and  Country. 

Sir  I  am  with  Due  respect 

your  most  obedient  ser"* 

John  Sessions. 


m 


fr:i 


OOMTBOTERST    BESPECTIHO   THK  MEW   HAMnHIRE   GRAMTS. 


m 


DECLARATION  OF  THE  STATE  OF  NEW  YORK. 


L.  s. 


A  PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas  the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  this  State,  did,  by  their  several  resolutions,  passed 
the  twenty-first  day  of  this  instant  month  of  February,  declare  and  resolve,  Tliat  the  dis- 
affection of  many  persons,  inhabiting  the  north  eastern  parts  of  the  county  of  Mhrniy,  and  certain 
parts  of  the  counties  of  Charlotte,  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  clearly  included  within  the  ancient, 
original,  true  and  lately  established  bounds  of  this  State,  arose  li-om  a  contest,  about  the  property 
of  tlie  soil  of  many  tracts  of  land,  within  those  parts  of  the  said  counties  respectively. 

That  the  said  contest  was  occasioned,  partly  by  tlie  issuing  of  divers  interfering  patents  or  grants, 
by  the  respective  governments  of  J^ew-  York  on  the  one  part,  and  those  of  Massachusetts-Bay  and 
JVew-Hampshire  on  the  other,  antecedent  to  the  late  establishment  of  the  eastern  boundary  of  this 
State  ;  partly  by  an  higlier  quit-rent  reserved  on  the  said  lands,  when  re-gi'anted  under  Jfew-  York, 
than  were  reserved  in  the  original  grants  under  JVew-Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Buy,  and  the 
exorbitant  fees  of  office  accruing  tliereon ;  and  partly  by  a  number  of  grants  made  by  the  late 
government  of  JVew-York,  after  tlie  establishment  of  the  said  eastern  boundary,  for  lands  which 
had  been  before  granted  by  the  governments  of  JVew-Humpshire  and  Massachusetts-Bay  respectively, 
or  one  of  them  ;  in  which  last  mentioned  grants  by  the  late  government  of  JS''ew-York,  the  interest 
of  the  servants  of  tlie  crown,  and  of  new  adventurers,  was,  in  may  instances,  contrary  to  justice 
and  policy,  preferred  to  the  equitable  claims  for  confirmation,  of  those  who  had  patented  the  lands 
under  J^ew-Hampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay: — 

That  the  aforesaid  disaffection  has  been  greatly  increased,  by  an  act  passed  by  the  Legislature  of 
the  late  Colony  of  JVew  York,  on  the  ninth  day  of  March,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand 
seven  hundred  and  seventy  four,  entitled,  "  An  Act  for  preventing  tumultuous  and  riotous  assem- 
blies in  the  places  therein  mentioned,  and  for  the  more  speedy  and  efiectual  punishing  the  rioters  :" 
— ^That  many  of  tlie  aforesaid  disaffected  persons,  though  unjustifiable  in  tlieir  opposition  to  the 
authority  of  this  State,  labour  under  grievances,  arising  from  the  causes  above  mentioned,  which, 
in  some  measure,  extenuate  their  offence,  and  which  ought  to  be  redressed  : — 

Tliat,  therefore,  the  Legislature  of  this  State,  while  on  the  one  hand,  they  will  vigorously  maintain 
their  rightful  supremacy  over  the  persons  and  property  of  those  disaffected  subjects,  will  on  the  other 
hand,  make  overtures  to  induce  the  voluntary  submission  of  the  delinquents  : — 

Tliat  an  absolute  and  unconditional  discharge,  and  remission  of  all  prosecutions,  penalties  and 
forfeitures,  under  the  above  mentioned  act,  shall  be  an  established  preliminary  to  such  overtures ; 
which  overtures  are  as  follows,  viz. 

l»t.  That  all  persons  actually  possessing  and  improving  lands,  by  title  under  grants  from  JVew- 
Hampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bay,  and  not  granted  imder  JVew-York,  shall  be  confirmed  in  their 
respective  possessions. 

2"'.  Tliat  all  persons  actually  possessing  and  improving  lands,  not  granted  by  eitlier  of  the  three 
governments,  shall  be  confirmed  in  their  respective  possessions,  together  with  such  additional 
quantity  of  vacant  land,  lying  contiguous  to  each  respective  possession,  as  may  be  necessary  to  form 
tlie  same  into  a  convenient  farm ;  so  as  the  quantity  to  be  confirmed  to  each  respective  person, 
including  liis  possession,  shall  not  exceed  three  hundred  acres. 

S*!.  Tliat  where  lands  have  heretofore  been  granted  by  JVew-Havipshire  and  Massachusetts-Bay,  or 
either  of  them,  and  actually  possessed  in  consequence  thereof,  and  being  so  possessed,  were,  after- 


w^ 


V94 


0ONTROVEB8Y   BESFECTINO  THE  NEW  UAMPSHIBE  6KAMTS. 


m 


wards,  granted  by  JVeu-ForA;,  such  possessions  shall  be  confirmed;  tlie  posterior  grant  under 
JVcw-  York,  notwithstanding. 

Provided  always^  That  nothing  in  the  above  regulations  contained,  shall  be  construed  to  determine 
any  question  of  title  or  possession,  that  may  arise  between  different  persons  claiming  under  JVew- 
Hampshire  or  Massachusetts-Bayy  or  between  persons  claiming  under  JVew-Ham,psMre  on  tlie  one,  and 
under  Massachusetts-Bay  on  the  otlier  part,  independent  of  any  right  or  claim  under  JVew-  York. 

'!"*.  Tliat,  with  respect  to  all  such  cases,  concerning  the  aforesaid  controverted  lands,  as  cannot  be 
decided  by  the  rules  exhibited  in  the  aforegoing  articles,  or  some  one  of  them,  the  Legislature  of 
tlie  State  o{  JVew-York  will  provide  for  the  determination  of  the  same,  according  to  the  rules  of 
justice  and  equity,  arising  outof  sucli  cases  respectively,  without  adhering  to  the  strict  rules  of  law. 

5th.  That  in  all  cases,  where  grants  or  confirmations  sliall  become  necessary,  on  acceptance  of 
ihe  above  overtures,  such  grants  or  confirmations,  shall  issue  to  the  grantees,  at,  and  after,  the  rate 
of  five  pounds  for  a  grant  or  confirmation  of  three  Imndred  acres  or  under ;  and  for  every  additional 
hundred  acres,  the  additional  sum  of  sixteen  shillings ;  except  in  cases  wliere  lands  sha^'  be  granted 
or  confirmed  to  divers  persons  in  one  entire  tract ;  in  wliich  case,  the  grants  shall  issue,  respec- 
tively, for  fifteen  pounds  each ;  which  allowances  shall  be  in  lieu  of  all  other  fees  or  perquisites 
whatsoever. 

6th.  Tliat  whenever,  agreeable  to  the  above  regulations,  new  grants  or  confirmations  shall  become 
necessary  under  this  state,  for  lands  lieretofore  granted  by  JVeu;  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay,  the 
samequitrent  only  shall  be  reserved,  which  was  reserved  in  the  original  grants  waAex  J^ew  Hampshire 
or  Massachusetts  Bay. 

7th.  That  where  lands,  heretofore  granted  by  J^ew  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay,  have  been, 
since,  confirmed  to  such  grantees  by  new  grants  under  Mcw-York,  tlie  quit  rents  on  such  lands, 
shall  be  reduced  to  what  they  were  in  the  original  grants,  under  JS  ew-Hampshire  or  Massa- 
chusetfs-Bay. 

8th.  That  in  order  to  encourage  the  settlement  of  the  aforesaid  disputed  lands  in  a  peaceable 
subjection  to  tha  authority  and  jurisdiction  of  this  state,  and  also  of  all  other  lands  lield  wltliin  and 
under  this  state,  tlie  following  commutation  for  the  quit-rents,  shall  be  allowed,  viz :  That  on 
payment,  at  the  rate  of  two  shillings  and  six  pence,  lawful  money  of  this  state  into  the  treasury  of 
this  state,  for  every  penny  sterling  of  quit-rent  reserved  ;  or,  on  delivery  into  the  same  of  seventeen 
times  the  quantity  of  grain,  or  other  commodity,  reserved  for  such  quit-rent,  the  same  shall 
thenceforward  be  utterly  discharged,  and  forever  cease  and  be  extinguished. 

Tliat  tliese  overtures  should  be  offered  with  a  view,  not  only  to  induce  the  aforesaid  discontented 
inhabitants  of  the  counties  of  Albany,  Charlotte,  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  to  return  to  a  lawful 
and  riglitl'ul  obedience  to  the  authority  and  jurisdiction  of  tliis  State  ;  but  also  in  favor  of  all  others 
whom  tlie  %ime  may  concern  ;  and  to  be  of  no  avail  to  any  person  or  persons  whatsoever,  who  sliall 
after  the  first  day  of  May  next,  yield  or  acknowledge,  any  allegiance  or  subjection  to  tlie  pretended 
state  of  Vermont,  the  pretended  government  thereof,  or  any  power  or  authority  pretended  to  be 
held  or  exercised  thereunder. 

That  the  aforegoing  overtures,  on  the  condition  above  ex^)ressed,  be  tendered  for  acceptance  to  all 
persons,  to  whose  case  the  same,  or  any  or  either  of  them,  do,  or  shall  apply,  upon  the  jjublic  faith 
and  assurance  of  the  legislature  and  Government  of  the  state  of  J\''ew-  York,  pledged  to  such  person 
and  persons  for  the  purpose. 

That  tlie  several  branches  of  the  Legislature  of  the  state  of  Kew-York,  will  concur  in  the  necessary 
measures  for  protecting  the  loyal  inhabitants  of  this  state,  residing  in  the  counties  of  ..Albany 
Charlotte,  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  in  their  persons  and  estates,  and  for  compelling  all  persons, 


OONTHOVXRSY   RESraCTIirO  TBS  RKW  HAMMHIKX  GRAim. 


B75 


residing  within  this  state,  andl  refusing  obedience  to  the  government  and  legislature  thereof,  to  yield 
that  obedience  and  allegiance,  which,  by  law  and  of  right  they  owe  to  this  state. 

Jlnd  whereas,  The  said  Senate  and  Assembly  of  this  state  of  JVew-  York  have  also  by  their  resolution, 
requested  me  to  issue  my  Proclamation,  under  the  privy  seal  of  this  state,  reciting  their  aforesaid 
declarations  and  resolutions,  and  strictly  charging  and  commanding  all  manner  of  persons,  in  the 
name  of  the  people  of  the  state  of  Keu>-York,  to  take  due  notice  thereof,  at  their  peril,  and  govern 
themselves  accordingly. 

I  do  therefore  hereby,  in  the  name  of  the  people  of  the  state  of  J^ew-York,  publish  and  proclaim  the 
aforesaid  declared  resolutions ;  and  I  do  hereby  strictly  charge  and  command  all  manner  of  persons 
within  this  state,  at  their  peril,  to  take  due  notice  of  this  Proclamation,  and  of  every  article,  clause, 
matter  and  thing  therein  recited  and  contained  and  to  govern  themselves  accordingly. 

Given  under  my  hand,  and  the  privy  seal  of  the  State  of  New- York  at  Poughkeepsie,  in  the  County 
of  Dutchess,  the  twenty-third  day  of  February,  in  the  year  of  our  Lord,  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and 

seventy-eight. 

Geo,  Clintok. 
God  save  the  People. 


PETITION  OP  COL.  SPENCER  &  OTHERS. 

To  the  honorable  the  Representatives  of  the  State  of  New  in  General  Assembly  convened. 

The  Petition  of  Jeremiah  Spencer  and  Oliver  Colvin  late  of  the  Town  of  Durham  in  the  County 
of  Charlotte  on  behalf  of  themselves  and  divers  of  the  late  Inhabitants  of  Durham  aforesaid. 
Humbly  Sheweth, 

That  the  Township  of  Durham  was  originally  settled  by  its  late  Inhabitants  under  Col°  John 
Lidius. 

Tliat  discovering  the  Imperfection  of  their  Tittle  they  applied  for  and  obtained  Letters  Patent 
under  New-York — That  many  of  the  Inhabitants  (of  which  number  your  Petitioners  are)  have  since 
been  compelled  to  purchase  the  New  Hampshire  Title  to  tlieir  Lands  under  Penalty  of  being  turned 
out  of  their  Possessions  by  a  Mob. 

That  before  the  Revolt  of  the  North  Eastern  part  of  the  State  the  Inhabitants  suffered  greatly  for 
no  otlier  reason  than  because  they  held  their  Lands  under  New  York. 

Tiiat  when  Greneral  St.  Clair  retreated  from  Ticonderoga  he  advised  the  Inhabitants  to  remain 
upon  their  Lands,  as  may  appear  by  a  certificate  now  in  the  hands  of  his  Excellency  the  Governor. 
That  they  and  some  other  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Durham,  did  so,  as  also  did  many'  other  men 
living  further  southward,  wlio  acknowledge  themselves  subjects  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont. 
Tliat  your  Petitioners  do  not  recollect  to  have  Iieard  that  any  one  wlio  has  revolted  from  tliis  State 
lias  been  punished  or  called  to  account  for  not  removing  from  tlieir  farms  at  that  time.  But  your 
Petitioners  &  a  number  of  other  Inhabitants  of  Durham  have  had  their  real  and  personal  estates 
taken  from  them  by  authority  derived  from  tlie  said  pretended  State,  for  no  other  cause  tlian 
following  tlie  advice  of  General  St.  Clair,  &  by  Commissioners  precisely  in  the  same  Circumstances 
with  your  Petitioners. 

That  superadded  to  the  loss  of  their  property  a  number  of  the  Inhabitants  (of  which  your  Peti- 
tioners are  a  part)  liave  been  condemned  to  servitude  during  tlie  pleasure  of  the  Council  of 


i.'i 


1 


679 


OOMTKOVBMT   BBlPBCTIIfQ   TUB  MBW  HAMFSHIBB  OBAMTa. 


Safety  for  the  aforesaid  pretended  State.  That  afterwards  your  Petitioner  Oliver  Colvin  Tvas  retried 
upon  the  same  accusation  by  Col"  Ethan  Allen  who  sentenced  him  to  be  banished  witliin  tlie  Hues 
of  the  Enemy.  That  your  Petitioner  last  mentioned  having  been  set  at  Liberty  by  his  Excellency 
Governor  Clinton  &  receive^  a  Pass  to  return  home  to  his  Family,  sent  to  Mr.  Tliomas  Cliittcn- 
den  (the  Governor  of  the  said  pretended  State)  &  requested  that  he  might  be  permitted  to  go  and 
take  care  of  his  Family  so  long  as  he  behaved  as  a  Friend  of  the  United  States.  Tiiat  M' 
Chittenden  answered  that  your  1  etitioner  was  an  old  Yorker  and  sliould  not  live  in  their  State. 
And  that  your  said  Petitioner  is  now  kept  from  his  family  and  dares  not  return  to  them. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray  that  this  honorable  House  will  take  into  their 
serious  Consideration  the  unfortunate  &  distressed  Situation  of  your  Petitioners  and  others  who  con- 
tinue loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York,  &  take  measures  for  effectually  defending  the  Persons  and 
Property  uf  your  subjects  agreable  to  the  Resolutions  of  the  honorable  the  Legislature  passed  last 
winter,  and  for  restoring  Harmony  to  that  part  of  this  State  now  known  by  the  Name  of  the  State 
of  Vermont  and  grant  such  further  Uelief  in  the  Premises  as  to  this  honorable  House  sliall  seem  meet. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &o 

Jeremiah  Spenceb 

Poughkeepsie  17*»>  Oc«  1778.  ,  Oliver  Colvin. 


*  PETITION  FROM  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY  PRATING   PROTECTION.  ' 

To  his  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq'  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  General  & 
Commander  in  Cliief  of  all  the  Militia  &  admiral  of  the  Navy  of  the  same. 

The  Petition  of  the  Committees  of  tlie  Towns  of  Hinsdale,  Guilford,  Brattleborough,  Fulham, 
>      '      Putney,  Westminster,  Rockingham,  Springfield  and  Weathersfield  in  Cumberland  County ; 
chosen   for  the   Purpose    of  opposing  the  pretended  State    of  Vermont  &  convened  at 
Brattleborough  the  4"'  May  1779. 
Humbly  Sheweth 

Tliat  there  being  a  numerous  party  in  avowed  opposition  to  legal  authority,  your  Petitioners  and 
others  have  been  compelled  to  sul)mit,  thougli  reluctantly,  to  live  without  the  benefits  arising  from  a 
well  regulated  Government.  Tliey  have  been  destitute  of  the  regular  means  of  punishing  tlie  most 
attrocious  oflFenders  &  of  compelling  the  execution  of  private  Justice.  In  short  they  are,  and  for  a 
long  time  have  been,  in  such  anarchy,  that  even  Committees  where  they  do  exist,  are  without  Powt-r. 

In  this  Distracted  State  your  Petitioners  have  waited,  with  much  Impatience  tlie  Leizure  of  the 
Grand  Council  of  the  American  Empire  to  whose  authority  alone  these  deluded  men  pretend 
submission.  We  had  no  Doubt  as  we  understood  application  had  been  made  for  the  Purpose,  but 
Congress  would  use  the  first  moment  tliey  could  spare  from  more  important  Concerns  to  recommend 
to  tlie  revolted  subjects  of  the  State  a  Return  to  their  Allegiance.  We  were  encouraged  to  expect 
it  not  only  as  the  Revolt  established  a  Precedent  which  might  be  dangerous  in  otlier  Slates  and  as 
the  Continent  could  derive  no  assistance  of  Consequence  from  the  Grants  either  in  Men  or  Money, 
while  they  remain  under  a  disputed  Government,  But  because  the  States  had  confederated  i<)r  tlieir 
mutual  &  general  Wellare,  and  bound  tliemselves  to  assist  each  other  against  all  force  offered  lo, 
or  attacks  made  upon  any  of  them,  on  Account  of  Sovereignty  or  on  any  other  pretence  whatsoever. 
But  to  our  very  great  Surprise  k.  Conoern,  Congress  have  not  as  we  can  learn  done  any  Thing 


COMTBOVSBSY   RESrECTINO   THS  MEW   HAMPSHIRE  QRAMTR. 


677 


since  the  year  1776  in  a  matter  of  so  great  Moment  to  the  Peace  &  Harmony  of  the  Confederated 
States. 

That  the  Partisans  for  a  new  State  have  confiscated  &  sold  &  are  selling  many  valuable  real  & 
personal  Estates. 

That  they  have  attempted  repeatedly  to  exercise  Judicial  and  military  Authority  over  those  who 
continue  loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York,  and  have  very  lately  had  tlie  assurance  to  take  the 
cattle  of  those  who  refused  to  comply  with  their  illegal  orders.  They  have  also  assessed  &  endeavored 
to  collect  Money  from  those  who  do  not  admit  the  validity  of  their  autliority  &  have  been  restrained 
only  by  force.  In  some  Instances  they  have  intimidated  the  subjects  of  New  York  State  to  give 
up  their  Property,  rather  tlian  to  contend  witli  them.  They  have  also  made  Prisoner  of  a  Magistrate 
acting  under  autliority  of  the  State  of  New  York,  in  a  matter  which  no  way  concerned  tlie  subjects 
of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  and  compelled  him  to  give  a  Bond  in  tlie  penalty  of  One 
thousand  Pounds  lawful  money  of  New  England  conditioned  for  his  Appearance  before  tlieir  supe- 
rior Court  in  June  next.  In  fine  from  tlie  general  Tenor  of  their  Conduct  they  now  appear  deter- 
mined at  all  events  to  enforce  submission  to  tlieir  Government. 

That  the  subjects  of  tlie  State  of  New  York  here  cannot  long  endure  their  present  unhappy 
Situation,  and  have  only  tlie  State  to  wliich  they  owe  allegiance,  to  look  up  to  for  succour  In  this 
critical  &  calamitous  Hour. 

The  Protection  of  Individuals  &  their  Property  we  esteem  the  principal  End  of  Government :  That 
Protection  we  liave  a  Right  to  claim  in  return  tor  our  Allegiance;  and  we  have  besides  the  solemn 
Engagement  of  the  Legislature  to  concur  in  tlie  necessary  measures  for  protecting  the  loyal  Inhabitants 
of  the  State,  residing  in  the  Counties  of  Albany,  Charlotte  Cumberland  &  Gloucester  in  their  Persons 
&  Estates. 

Your  Petitioners  were  in  hopes  that  the  disaffected  Party  would  not  have  reduced  them  to  the 
disagreeable  necessity  of  applying  for  protection  during  the  continuance  of  the  War  with  Great 
Britain,  but  our  present  Circumstances  loudly  demand  the  speedy  &  effectual  execution  of  the  Promise 
made  by  the  Legislature;  we  shall  otherwise  be  compelled  to  obey  a  Government  which  we  view  as 
an  Usurpation,  and  add  our  strength  to  oppose  one  which  we  conceive  entitled  to  our  dutiful 
0))edience  &  support. 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  humbly,  and  in  the  most  urgent  &  earnest  manner,  on  behalf  of  them- 
selves and  their  Constituents  entreat  tliat  your  Excellency  will  take  immediate  &  effectual  Measures 
for  protecting  the  loyal  Subjects  in  tliis  part  of  the  State  Ju  their  Persons  and  Properties  &  to 
convince  the  honorable  the  Congress  of  the  Impropriety  of  i  ■ '.:  *.  ing  a  publication  of  tlieir  Sentiments 
in  a  matter  which  so  nearly  concerns  the  Peace,  Welfare  &  pre  bably  the  Lives  of  many  of  their  firm 
adherents. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  Pray  &c. 

By  order  of  the  Committees 

Samuel  Minott  Chairman 

Brattleborough  4t>i  May  1779. 


mm 


Vol.  IV. 


7S 


1 


i  itei 


K:: 


it, 


678  COMTftOVEIsy  BUPEOTINO  THR  mew   HAMrtHIIIK  SMim. 


COL.  PATERSON  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Hinsdale,  May  5U>  1779. 
May  it  please  your  Excellency, 

Some  late  conduct  of  the  Vermont  Party,  tending  rapidly  towards  a  civil  War,  obliges  me  to 
give  your  Excellency  early  Intelligence  of  it,  and  of  our  Proceedings  in  Opposition  to  them.  That 
Party  having  ordered  Cap*.  James  Clay,  Lieu'.  Benjamin  Wilson  &.  one  M'.  Cummins  (all  acknow- 
]e<]ged  subjects  of  New  York  in  Putney)  to  provide  a  man  to  go  into  service  for  a  short  space  of 
time  to  guard  the  frontiers  ;  tlie  week  betore  last  iurcibly  took  a  cow  i^om  Cap*.  Clay  and  another 
from  M'.  Wilson  to  pay  a  person  they  had  hired  for  them  &  tite  Expences.  Last  Wednesday  was 
the  Day  appointed  for  selling  the  Cattle ;  at  which  time  myflelf  and  field  Officers  k  a  considerable 
part  of  my  Regiment  met  all  unarmed  to  prevent  the  sale.  After  vainly  endeavoring  with  calmness 
to  convince  them  of  the  Impropriety  of  this  Proceeding  k  to  persuade  them  to  give  up  the  Cattle,  we 
took  possession  of  them,  tiie  owners  drove  tliem  off  &  every  man  returned  to  his  home. 

In  Fiilham  some  Persons  subjects  of  New  York,  have  lately  had  tlieir  property  taken  from  them 
by  direction  of  the  Vermont  Officers  &  Iiuve  acquiesced  in  it  rather  than  to  contend ;  One  otlier 
was  n]<)o  tlireatened  witli  tlie  like  usage,  but  since  our  retaking  the  Cattle  in  Putney  they  have 
been  quiet  about  it. 

In  Guilford  a  sum  of  money  was  assessed  upon  those  wlio  were  supposed  to  have  done  least  in 
the  War.  Tlie  Persons  who  were  to  collect  it  were  upon  a  Trial  frighteneil  from  it  by  those  who 
oppose  Vermont.  In  Westminster  &  Kocklngliam  they  have  drafted  some  Yorkers.  I  fear  it  will 
not  end  without  a  disturbance,  as  in  those  Towns  the  Parties  are  nearly  equal. 

Col.  Fletcher  who  commands  tlie  new  State  Men  in  this  Ileg'.  hearing  that  men  were  raising  to 
prevent  selling  tlie  Cattle  of  Messrs.  Clay  &  Wilson,  went  over  to  their  Council  at  Arlington  whether 
for  men  or  advice  I  cannot  learn.  But  as  Coll.  Allen  has  r<>peatedly  threatened  as  with  his  Green 
Mountain  Boys,  and  some  of  that  Party  about  here  give  out  that  this  is  only  the  beginning  of  the 
matter ;  and  as  tliey  appear  resolute  to  enforce  submission  to  their  Authority,  many  are  fearful  that 
what  they  have  already  done  has  been  in  pursuance  of  a  general  Plan  for  subduing  all  those  who 
are  in  Allegiance  to  New  York. 

In  this  Distracted  situation  I  would  request  your  Excellency's  particular  direction  how  far  for  the 
future  to  proceed  in  the  defence  of  the  Persons  &  Property  of  those  under  my  Command  and  what 
steps  to  take  if  the  Vermonters  should  attempt  by  force  of  Arms  to  seize  the  Persons  or  Property 
of  such  as  do  not  acknowledge  their  authority. 

As  there  is  a  Probability  that  men  may  l^e  sent  from  the  West  side  of  the  Mountain  to  assist  those 
here  I  would  beg  leave  to  suggest  to  your  Excellency  the  necessity  of  having  the  Militia  of  Albany 
County  held  in  Readiness  to  attack  them  if  tliey  should  gather  with  that  design.  The  Brigadier 
General  of  that  County  may  with  ease  have  early  Information  of  any  plan  of  the  kind,  by  employing 
some  of  the  enemies  of  Vermont  in  their  Towns  to  give  him  notice.  What  the  consequences  will 
be  of  permitting  the  Green  mountaineei-s  to  come  here  unmolested,  may  be  easily  foretold. 

The  Legislature  having  promised  to  protect  the  Persons  &  Property  of  their  loyal  subjects  in 
this  part  of  the  State,  it  has  become  their  general  Desire  that  Measures  may  be  very  speedily  taken 
to  fulfill  that  Engagement ;  and  I  hope  your  Excellency  will  pardon  my  saying  that  unless  it  can  be 
speedily  done  I  must  be  under  a  necessity  of  resigning  my  Commission. 

There  are  near  500  Officers  &  Men  under  my  Command  who  are  in  general  but  poorly  armed  & 


CONT.     TBUY   MKAPECTINO  THE  MEW   HAMMHIHE  ORANTt 


6T» 


provided  with  Ammunitiun.  I  am  not  yet  preparetl  to  malie  an  exact  Return  to  your  Excellency 
«<  loiue  of  my  Captaina  liave  not  yet  returned  the  state  uf  their  Companies  to  me  k  otiteis  have 
done  it  very  Informally. 

The  field  Ofiicera  Itave  thought  it  for  the  Interest  of  the  State  to  acquaint  your  Excellency  with 
our  present  situation,  have  prevailed  on  Mr.  Townsend  to  wait  upon  you.  A  few  Individuals  have 
a<Ivunced  Ids  exiwnces  &  agreed  to  pay  fur  his  Time  Sl  Horse  hire ;  but  as  it  is  the  Business  of  tlia 
State  upon  which  he  goes,  it  will  be  discouraging  if  he  is  not  paid  by  the  State. 

I  am  Your  Excelleacy's  Must  Obed>.  Servant, 

Elbazor  Paterhon. 

His  Excellency  Gov.  Clinton. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  MR.  MINOTT. 

Kingstown  14«h  May  1779. 

Sir,  I  am  honored  with  the  Receipt  of  your  Petition  togetlier  with  a  letter  from  Col'  Patterson 
on  the  subject  of  the  unhappy  Disturbances  which  still  prevail  in  the  Northeastern  Parts  of  the  State. 

I  have  anxiously  expected  for  some  time  the  Determiuiitiou  of  Congress  upon  this  important  matter 
and  have  every  Reason  to  believe  it  will  be  ftivorable  to  the  Stale  of  New  York. 

The  Business  has  however  been  deferred  tho'  I  am  confident  from  no  otiier  Cause  than  that  the 
Attention  of  Congress  has  hitherto  been  culled  to  objects  of  greater  moment,  I  shall  notwithstanding 
immediately  transmit  to  them,  by  Express,  your  Petition  and  urge  every  Argument  in  my  Power  to 
induce  them  speedily  to  determine  this  Controversy  and  by  a  seasonable  Interposition  to  prevent  if 
possible,  the  dreadfUl  Consequences  of  having  recoui-se  to  arms. 

As  in  my  former  letters  so  in  this  I  ibrbear  to  point  out  tlie  Line  of  Conduct  I  could  wish  the 
well  affected  Inhabitants  in  your  Quarter  should  observe  upon  every  particular  occasion,  I  conceive 
it  impossible  and  therefore  can  only  recommend  in  general,  firmness  8l  Prudence,  and  in  no  instance 
to  acknowledge  the  authority  of  Vermont,  unless  where  there  is  no  alternative  left  between  Sub- 
mission &  inivitable  Ruin.  Tlds  appears  to  me  the  only  proper  advice  I  can  give  at  present  till  we 
are  favored  with  the  Sentiments  of  Congress  relative  to  the  Dispute  or  until  we  are  convinced  the 
Business  is  designedly  procrastinated  ;  in  either  Case  as  the  Legislature  have  promised  so  I  have  no 
doubt  that  they  will  aiford  you  Protection  &  tliat  effectual  measures  will  be  immediately  taken 
for  vindicating  the  Rights  of  this  State  and  enforcing  a  due  Submission  to  legal  Government.  If 
however  any  Outrage  or  Violence,  wlilch  you  may  suppose  will  produce  blood-shed,  should  be  com< 
mitted  in  the  Towns  continuing  in  their  Allegiance  to  New- York,  vlther  by  Green  Moimtain  Boys  or 
any  Parties  who  may  come  under  a  pretence  of  carrying  into  Execution  the  Laws  of  Vermont  You 
will  immediately  apprize  me  of  it  and  you  may  be  assured  of  all  the  assistance  in  my  power  &  I 
trust  it  will  be  sufficient  for  your  Safety  &  Defence,  in  the  meantime  I  will  myself  endeavor  to 
procure  Intelligence  &  if  I  should  discover  that  any  attempt  will  be  made  by  Vermont  to  reduce  you 
by  force  of  arms  I  will  instantly  issue  my  orders  to  the  militia  who  are  properly  equipped  &  who 
will  be  led  against  the  Enemies  of  tlie  State  whoever  they  may  happen  to  be. 

From  the  Information  of  M'  Townsend  I  perceive  that  M'  Grout  acquits  the  officers  who 
apprehended  him  from  having  acted  wrong  intentionally — should  this  however  upon  enquiry 
appear  not  to  have  been  the  case,  you  will  please  to  acquaint  me  with  it  &  I  will  immediately  have 


m 


I 

fill 


il 


CONTROVEKtV   REaPBCTIMa  THE   NEW   HAMPtHIRC  OIUNTt. 


them  brought  to  Justice.  As  M'  Orout  Is  bound  in  honor  to  Indemnify  tlie  Oentlemnn  who  became 
his  Surety,  I  would  recommend  tlmt  he  should  appear  at  the  Court  agreeable  to  ids  Recognizance 
and  malie  no  other  Defence  than  merely  to  deny  tlieir  Jurisdiction  and  as  the  Injury  lie  may  sustain 
la  Consequence,  must  be  considered  ns  a  sucritlce  to  the  common  Cause  I  might  almost  venture  to 
assure  him  that  the  Legislature  will  make  him  proper  Compensation— Justice  most  certainly 
requires  it. 

I  have  desired  M*  Townsend  to  send  me  an  account  of  his  Exoeneet  up  jU  this  Errand  and  I 
will  lay  it  before  tlie  Legislature  for  payment. 

From  the  Confidence  I  have  in  the  Gentlemen  who  represent  this  State  in  Congress  &  particularly 
the  Chief  Justice  who  was  elected  for  the  special  Purpose,  I  am  persuaded  that  every  measure  will  be 
used  fur  obtaining  the  Decision  of  Congress  relative  to  this  Dispute  ;  and  tlierefore  I  could  ardently 
wisli  that  the  Inlmbitants  of  Vermont  would  conduct  themselves  in  such  manner  as  to  avoid  the 
necessity  of  bringing  matters  to  a  Crisis  ruinous  to  them  &  very  injurious  to  individuals  among  u«. 

You  will  please  to  communicate  the  Contents  of  this  to  Coll.  Patterson. 

I  am  &o.  &o.  &G. 
Samuel  Minott  £8q^  Geo.  CLiirroir. 


. 


' 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  PRESIDENT  JAY. 

Pokeepsie  May  18«»  1779. 

Sir.  Inclosed  I  transmit  copies  of  several  papers  relative  to  the  Disorders  which  still  prevail 
In  the  northeastern  Parts  of  tliis  State  with  a  Request  that  you  will  please  to  lay  them  together 
with  this  letter  before  Congress. 

From  these  Papers  it  evidently  appears  that  matters  in  that  Quarter  are  fast  approaching  to  a  very 
serious  Crisis  which  nothing  but  the  immediate  Interposition  of  Congress  can  possibly  prevent. 

The  Legislature  have  from  time  to  time  given  the  most  solemn  assurances  of  Protection  to  their 
well  affected  subjects,  and  relying  upon  these  Promises,  the  Inhabitants  of  several  Towns  have 
hitherto  persevered  in  their  allegiance  to  this  state.  They  will  not  I  imagine  remain  much  longer 
content  with  mere  Promises,  and  I  daily  expect  that  I  shall  be  obliged  to  order  out  a  force  in  their 
Defence.  The  wisdom  of  Congress  will  readily  suggest  to  them  what  will  be  tlie  Consequence  of 
submitting  the  Controversy,  especially  at  this  Juncture  to  the  Decision  of  the  sword.  It  wiU  not 
however,  I  trust  be  imputed  to  this  state  that  we  have  precipitately  had  recourse  to  coercive 
measures.  We  have  anxiously  expected  the  sentiments  of  Congress  upon  tliis  important  Business 
and  it  was  our  earnest  wish,  that  in  the  mean  time  the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  who  deny  the 
authority  of  this  State  would  by  a  proper  Conduct  on  their  part  have  prevented  the  necessity  of 
Force ;  but  Justice,  the  faith  of  Government  and  the  Peace  and  Safety  of  society  will  not  permit  us 
to  continue  longer  passive  spectators  of  the  violences  committed  upon  our  fellow  citizens. 

I  am  &c.  &c. 

His  Excellency  John  Jay  Esq'.  Fresid*  &c.  Geo.  Clintoit. 


5.1  ?. 


ooirraorsMT  uincriNa  the  rbw  HAMPuntB  asAim. 


Ml 


SAMUEL  BflNOTT  ESQ.  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Brattleborough  May  S!i">  1779. 

Sir  The  Committee  of  this  County  who  are  now  met  for  the  purpose  of  opposing  the  Authority 
of  the  State  of  Vermont  talie  this  opportunity  to  inform  your  Kxceilency  by  Express,  That  Cul. 
Ethan  Alllne  with  a  number  of  Oreen  Mountain  Boys  made  his  appearance  in  this  County  yesterday 
well  armed  and  equipt  for  tlie  purpose  of  reducing  tlie  loyal  luhabitants  of  this  County  to  submission 
to  tlie  authority  of  tlie  State  of  Vermont  and  made  Prisoners  of  Col.  Patterson  Lieut.  Col.  Sergeant 
k  all  the  Militia  Officers  except  one  in  Brattleborough  with  Mr.  Townseud  and  a  number  of  other 
Persons.  They  have  also  taken  the  Militia  Officers  in  Putney  k  Westminster  with  others  ;  the 
number  of  Prisoners  we  cannot  ascertain.  Col.  Alline  declared  that  he  had  five  hundred  Oreen 
Mountain  Boys  with  him — we  are  not  able  to  ascertain  the  number,  but  believe  there  is  not  quite 
80  many  who  are  come  troxa  the  west  side  of  the  Mountains  ;  they  are  assisted  by  a  number  of  the 
Inhabitants  of  this  County,  where  they  will  carry  the  Prisoners  we  cannot  tell — Col.  Allin  treated 
tlie  people  here  with  the  most  insulting  language  assaulted  and  woutul  d  several  persons  with  his 
•word  without  the  least  provocation,  and  bids  defiance  to  tlie  State  of  New- York,  declares  they  will 
establish  their  State  by  the  sword,  and  fight  all  who  sliall  attempt  to  oppose  them.  Nothing  but 
the  reluctance  the  people  here  have  to  shedding  human  Blood  could  hinder  them  from  attempting 
to  rescue  the  Prisoners — they  bad  every  insult  which  the  human  mind  is  able  to  conceive  of  to 
prompt  them  to  it.  Our  situation  is  truly  critical  and  distressing,  we  tlierefure  most  humbly  beseech 
your  Excellency  to  take  the  most  speedy  &  effectual  Measures  for  our  Relief;  otherwise  our  Persons 
and  Property  must  be  at  the  disposal  of  Ethan  Allin  which  is  more  to  be  dreaded  than  Death  with 
all  Its  Terrors. 

Sir  we  are  with  the  greatest  esteem  Your  Excellency's  most  ob*  hum^i*  servts 

Signed  by  order  of  the  Committee 

Samuel  Mimott  Cliairman. 

To  his  Exoellenoy  George  Clinton  Esq.  Gov.  of  the  State  of  New- York. 


us 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  PRESIDENT  JAY. 

May  29'*  1779. 

Sir  Tou  will  perceive  from  the  enclosed  Papers  that  what  I  have  long  expected  and  frequently 
apprized  Congress  of  has  actually  happened.  These  papers  which  need  no  Comment  I  have 
transmitted  to  your  Excellency  by  Express  with  an  earnest  Request  that  you  will  please  immedi- 
ately lay  it  before  Congress. 

Altho'  this  matter  will  scarce  admit  of  a  moment's  delay ;  yet  as  the  Legislature  are  to  meet  on 
Tuesday  next  I  shall  defer  taking  any  decisive  measures  (except  issuing  the  necessary  orders  to  the 
militia  to  hold  themselves  in  readiness)  until  I  can  have  an  opportunity  of  obtaining  their  advice 

and  Direction. 

I  am  &c.  kc. 
His  Excellency  John  Jay  Esq.  President  of  Congress.  Geo.  Cumtom. 


&8S 


COMTBOVKRST   aUPECTIKG   TBI  MKW  HAMMHIBE  GBAim. 


l  i 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  N.  Y.  DELEGATION  IN  CONGRESS. 

May  29«»  1779. 

Gentlemen,  I  have  by  the  nme  conveyance  viith.  this  dispatched  an  official  letter  to  the  President 
covering  the  Copy  of  a  letter  I  this  moment  received  from  the  Cliairman  of  the  Committee  of  Cum- 
berland  County  to  which  I  must  refer  you  for  particulars. 

I  presume  it  is  unnecessary  to  inform  you  that  the  Vermont  Business  is  now  arrived  at  a  Crisis, 
or  to  urge  any  arguments  to  induce  your  utmost  exertions  in  obtaining  the  sense  of  Congress  without 
delay.  The  Legislature  will  meet  on  Tuesday  next  and  in  the  mean  Time  I  shall  issue  my  orders  to 
the  militia  &  make  the  necessary  arrangements  for  marching  to  repel  this  outrage.  I  shall  also 
conceive  it  my  Duty  to  order  the  1000  men  destined  for  the  Defence  of  the  frontiers  &  to  compleat 
the  continental  Battallions  except  such  small  part  as  are  already  annexed  to  tliose  Regiments  to 
march  to  Brattleborough  for  the  Protection  of  that  and  the  adjacent  Towns  unless  the  Interposition 
of  Congress  shall  render  this  measure  imnecessary.  It  doubtless  will  occur  to  you  that  the  Legis- 
lature will  be  extremely  impatient  for  an  answer  from  Congress ;  I  must  therefore  request  you  tlie 
moment  it  is  obtained  to  forward  it  by  a  special  messenger. 

I  am&c&e 

The  hon'>>«  the  New  York  Delegates  in  Congress.  Gso.  Qukjok, 


i 
I 

A 


l«   1 


PRESIDENT  JAY  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Philadelphia  l^t  June  1779. 

Sir,  Your  favor  of  the  29<fc  ult*  arrived  this  Morning  while  Congress  were  in  a  Committee  of  the 
whole  House  considering  the  applications  of  the  State  of  New  York  respecting  the  Distuibauoes  on 
the  Grants. 

It  is  with  pleasure  I  obey  the  unanimous  order  of  Congress  contained  in  the  inclosed  Resolution, 
for  informing  you  that  a  more  early  attention  would  have  been  paid  to  the  pressing  applications  of 
your  State  relating  to  the  Disturbances  mentioned  in  your  several  letters,  had  they  not  been  pre- 
vented by  matters  of  the  greatest  Importance,  and  that  Congress  will  continue  to  pay  equal  attention 
to  tlie  rights  of  tlie  State  of  New  York  with  those  of  the  other  states  of  the  Union. 

You  will  also  receive  herewith  inclosed  a  copy  of  another  act  of  Congress  of  this  Day  on  the 
same  Subject,  from  which  you  will  perceive  it  to  be  the  Design  of  Congress  to  send  a  Committee  to 
the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  to  inquire  into  the  reason  why  they  refuse  to  continue  Citizens  of 
the  respective  States  which  heretofore  exercised  Jurisdiction  over  that  District,  and  to  take  every 
prudent  Measure  to  promote  an  amicable  Settlement  of  all  Differences  and  prevent  Divisions  & 
animosities  so  prejudicial  to  the  United  States. 

There  is  reason  to  believe  that  the  measures  adopted  by  this  act  of  Congress  will  prove  Salutary, 
Especially  as  it  was  passed  with  uncommon  iinanimity.  The  Committee  will  be  appointed  to-morrow, 
when  another  Express  shall  be  dispatched  to  inform  you  of  their  names  &c. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  &c.  &c. 

His  Excellency  Gov'  Clinton.  Joan  Jay  Preside. 


OOMTBOTEBSy   RMPBCTIMa   THB  HEW  HAMPSHIRK  OBAIITS. 


9W 


THE  NEW  TOBK  DELEGATION  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


Philadelphia  !•»  June  1779. 

Sir,  We  were  honored  with  your  fitvor  of  the  29">  nit"  this  morning.  Congress  was  then  in  a 
Committee  of  the  whole  House  consideriog  that  subject  They  came  to  several  Resolutions  which 
wer  'Imost  unanimously  agreed  to  by  the  House  and  of  which  the  President  sends  you  a  Copy  by 
the  Express  who  carries  this. 

It  gives  us  Pleasure  to  inform  you  that  our  New  England  firetheren  came  very  generally  into 
the  measure  and  appear  sincerely  disposed  to  terminate  those  unhappy  Disorders.  The  Moderation 
observable  in  those  Resolutions  we  hope  will  meet  with  your  approbation.  The  more  gentle  just 
&  persuasive  the  Proceedings  of  Congress  in  this  Business  are  the  more  likely  they  will  be  to  succeed 
and  if  treated  with  neglect  by  the  People  of  the  Grants,  the  greater  Degree  of  Indignation  will  such 
neglect  create  through  all  the  States.  These  Resolutions  coincide  exactly  with  the  Ideas  of  the 
Eastern  Delegates.  The  Committee  will  be  chosen  to-morrow.  We  shall  for  many  obvious  Reasons 
vote  for  a  majority  of  eastern  men.  Tlie  Proclamations  doing  Justice  to  the  Revolters  have  had  a 
happy  effect  here.  In  our  opinion  it  will  be  wise  to  abstain  from  Hostilities  for  the  present  and 
rather  suffer  a  little  than  shed  blood.  If  the  Members  of  Congress  are  really  as  much  in  earnest  as 
they  appear  to  be  all  will  be  well.  We  are  very  much  disposed  to  credit  tlieir  Declarations  on  the 
subject  &  have  groimd  to  hope  tliat  this  and  evei'y  other  Cause  of  Jealousy  may  be  done  away  and 
Mutual  Confidence  Harmony  &  good  Understanding  take  place  between  New  York  &  her  sister 
States  to  the  eastward.  These  are  essential  to  their  common  Prosperity  &  must  give  sincere  pleasure 
to  every  well  wisher  of  the  American  Cause.  Be  assured  that  our  attention  to  the  Rights  of  our 
Constituents  on  the  present  important  occasion  shall  not  cease  and  that  we  are  with  great  Respect 
and  Esteem  Your  Excellency's  most  obt.  Servts 

Wm  Floyd  John  Jay 

Gouv'  Morris  James  Duane 

His  Excellency  Gov.  Clinton. 


if 


fill 
1 

r 


ti 


-■  -ft  I 


PRESIDENT  JAY  TO  GOV.  C/JNTON. 

Pliiladelphia  July  [June]  Z^  1779. 

Sir,  I  did  myself  the  Honor  the  Day  before  yesterday  to  transmit  your  Excellency  a  Copy  of  an 
Act  of  Congress  of  the  1"  Inst  directing  among  other  Things  that  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  repair 
to  tlie  Inhabitants  on  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  for  the  Purposes  mentioned  in  it.  The  Committee 
was  appointed  yesterday.  They  are  the  Hon^'e  Oliver  Elseworth  and  Jesse  Root  of  Connecticut, 
Timotliy  Edwards  of  Massachusets  Bay,  Doctor  Witlierspoon  of  New  Jersey  &  Col"  Atleeof  Pensilv». 
Notice  will  be  immediately  sent  to  each  of  the  Gentlemen  of  their  appointment  and  I  shall  take  the 
liberty  of  pressing  them  to  enter  on  the  Business  committed  to  them  without  delay. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  &"  &" 

His  Excellency  Gov*  Clinton.  Johm  Jay. 


Sil 


CORTBOVEMY  KX8PECTIKO  THE  KXW  RAMnRIRB  OBAMTt. 


GOV.  CUNTON  TO  SAMUEL  MINOTT. 

Camp  in  the  Highlands  June  7»>  1779 
Gent.  Your  Letter  by  Mr.  Sherburne  complaining  of  the  violences  lately  committed  by  Ethan 
Allen  &  others  upon  the  subjects  of  this  State  in  Cumberland  County  I  have  transmitted  to  Con- 
gress and  most  earnestly  pressed  them  for  their  immediate  interposition.  By  an  Express  I  am 
informed  the  business  is  under  consideration.  As  soon  as  I  receive  their  final  Determination,  which 
I  have  reason  to  hope  will  be  in  a  short  time  I  shall  immediately  transmit  it  to  you. 

Tlie  Legislature  were  to  have  met  a  few  days  after  M'.  Slierbume  arrived  which  induced  me  to 
detain  liim,  but  the  Incursion  of  the  enemy  up  the  River  has  prevented  their  meeting  for  the  present 
and  obliged  me  to  take  the  field  with  the  Militia  to  oppose  the  Common  Enemy.  The  moment 
the  safety  of  the  Country  will  admit  of  my  Retui-n  I  shall  issue  my  Proclamation  to  convene  the 
Legislature  &  shall  lay  this  most  important  matter  before  them,  when  I  trust  such  measures  will 
be  concerted  as  will  most  efiectually  tend  to  insure  the  Peace  and  Safety  of  the  Good  People  in 
your  Part  of  the  State.  In  the  mean  time  I  most  earnestly  recommend  to  you  to  continue  firm 
in  the  Cause  in  which  you  are  engaged  and  to  conduct  yoiurselves  with  Prudence  towards  the 
Kevolters  and  you  may  rest  assured  that  I  shall  make  every  exertion  for  your  Protection  of  which 
the  Executive  Authority  of  Government  is  capable. 

I  am  &c.  &c.  &c. 
Samuel  Minott  Esqr.  Chairman  of  the  Committee  Geo.  Clintoit. 

of  Cumberl"*.  County. 


11  i 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  PRESIDENT   OF  CONGRESS. 

Camp  Highlands  7ti<  June,  1779. 

Sir,  I  had  the  Honor  of  receiving  your  Letter  of  the  first  of  June  covering  stmdry  Resolutions 
of  Congress,  relative  to  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  at  this  Place  where  I  have  collected  a  very 
large  body  of  the  Militia  of  the  State  in  order  to  strengtlien  the  continental  army  under  M^jor  Gen'. 
McDougall  &  to  oppose  the  Designs  of  the  Enemy  who  had  advanced  in  force  witliin  eight  miles 
of  our  army.  The  Legislature  of  this  State  were  to  have  met  on  the  !■<  Inst,  but  have  been 
prevented  by  the  present  alarm  great  part  of  the  members  as  well  as  the  principal  officers  ot  Govern- 
ment being  now  in  the  field.  Tliis  has  rendered  it  impossible  to  lay  before  the  Legislature  at 
present  the  Resolutions  of  Congress  transmitted  to  me ;  which  from  their  nature  demand  in  my 
opinion  their  most  serious  Consideration. 

It  is  with  an  astonishment  equal  to  my  Concern  that  I  observe  the  Congress  have  passed  over  in 
profound  silence  the  Remonstrances  on  the  seizure  and  Imprisonment  of  the  principal  officers  of 
Government  in  the  County  of  Cumt>erland  by  the  Revolters  of  this  State.  So  that  without  the 
interposition  of  this  Government  (which  consistent  with  the  Honor  and  Justice  of  the  State  cannot  be 
witliheld)  these  Persons  must  fall  a  sacrifice  to  the  ambitious  &  interested  views  of  a  violent  and 
wicked  faction— and  what  renders  their  silence  still  more  extraordinary  is,  that  Ethan  Allen  having 
the  Run|^  of  a  Col',  in  the  service  of  the  united  States  was  a  principal  Actor  in  tliis  outrage.  How 
fxr  tiiis  Conduct  is  consistent  with  the  Repeated  Resolutions  of  Congress  recorded  on  tlieir  Journals 
tliat  they  will  discountenance  every  species  of  Disrespect  shewn  by  any  Officers  in  their  Service,  to 


OOMTBOVKMV    RESPECTING    THE   MEW   UAMPSHUUC  OtJJSTB, 


68& 


the  Legislative  or  Executive  authority  of  tlie  respective  States  or  with  tlieir  Resolution  of  the  first 
of  June  now  transmitted  to  me  "  tliat  they  will  pay  an  equal  Attention  to  tlie  lliglils  of  tlie  State  (  f 
New  York  witli  those  of  the  other  States  in  the  Union"  I  shall  for  the  present  leave  it  lor  llicir 
Candor  to  determine.  I  cannot  however  forbear  observing,  tliut  the  present  Inattention  of  Congit  ss 
on  this  point  strikes  me  with  additional  surprise  when  1  consider  this  is  not  the  first  Instance  in 
which  the  Person  I  have  mentioned  and  some  otliers  of  their  ofiicers  of  high  Rank  have  aimed  u 
bold  stab  at  the  Honor  &  autliority  of  this  State.  So  long  ago  as  tlie  month  of  Angnst  lust  I 
remonstrated  to  Congress  thro'  Gen'.  Washington  on  the  Conduct  of  Brig».  Gen'.  Stiuke  then  com- 
munding  at  Albany  for  receiving  from  tlie  revolted  subjects  of  this  Slate  several  of  Its  citizens  wlio 
hud  been  apprehended  and  destined  to  Banishment  by  Col'.  Allen  &  liis  associates  &  fur  detaining 
tliem  under  military  confinement.  To  this  atrocious  insult  on  the  civil  authority  of  this  State 
Congress  though  made  acquainted  with  it  has  not  to  this  day  thought  proper  to  pay  the  least  attention. 

However  pure  tlie  Intention  of  Congress  may  have  been  in  this  Resolution  for  appointing  n 
Committee  to  confer  with  the  Revolted  Citizens  of  this  State  I  am  apprehensive  it  will  by  no  means 
produce  the  salutary  Effects  for  which  I  suppose  it  was  calculated, — for  notwithstanding  the  just 
&  generous  Terms  offered  by  my  different  Proclamations  founded  on  the  Resolutions  of  the  Legislature! 
of  this  State,  the  refractory  Disposition  of  the  principal  Actors  in  this  Revolt  has  still  Increased. 
By  them  it  will  be  considered  as  an  implied  acknowledgement  of  their  autliority  &  thereby  tenil  to 
strengthen  the  usurpation  ;  and  in  the  minds  of  the  well  atfected  Citizens  who  know  the  repeate<l  and 
uncontradicted  Declarations  which  the  principal  Revolteis  iiave  made  that  tliey  liave  received 
Encouragement  from  several  Members  of  Congress  some  of  whose  names  arc  mentioiu  il  and  who 
have  observed  that  the  most  flagrant  Insults  against  the  civil  authority  of  this  State  even  by  Ofiicers 
of  Congress  have  been  totally  disregarded  It  will  I  have  too  much  cause  to  fear  excite  fresh 
Jealousies.  For  these  Reasons  and  because  tlie  last  clause  of  the  Resolution  seems  to  liold  uji  a 
principle  which  may  be  considered  by  the  Legislature  as  subversive  of  the  infernal  Polity  of  the 
State.  I  submit  it  to  the  Consideration  of  Congress  whether  it  would  not  be  prudent  to  postpone  the 
Journej'  of  tlie  Committee  till  such  time  as  the  Legislature  have  convened  &  taken  the  Resolutions 
of  Congress  under  consideration.  For  however  prejudicial  a  Delay  in  this  matter  will  certainly  be 
totlie  Interests  of  the  State,  the  evils  resulting  from  it  wouW  not  be  so  extensive  as  these  wliich 
might  ensue  from  a  breach  betwixt  the  Legislature  and  the  Gen'  Congress. 

These  Remarks  it  has  become  my  Duty  as  the  supreme  Executive  Magistrate  of  this  State  to  make 
on  the  Resolutions  transmitted  to  me. 

What  the  sense  of  the  Legislature  on  them  will  be  I  Cij^vnot  take  upon  me  to  determine  ;  but  if  I 
can  judge  from  the  sentiments  of  several  members  of  the  Legislature  &  principal  officers  of  Govern- 
ment now  with  me  to  whom  I  have  communicated  them  I  have  reason  to  think  they  will  be 
considered  as  by  no  means  satisfactory. 

The  measure  of  the  sufferings  of  this  State  is  nearly  full.  Those  which  have  been  brought 
upon  them  by  their  spirited  exertions  in  the  Common  Cause  &  the  operations  of  a  powerful  & 
enraged  enemy,  they  have  I  trust  submitted  to  with  a  becoming  firmness.  In  what  light  they  will 
consider  the  attacks  made  upon  them  in  the  Hour  of  their  Distress  by  those  who  ought  to  bo 
their  friends  and  supporters  will  be  best  judged  of  l>y  considering  tlie  unconquerable  spirit  they 
have  shown  in  resisting  the  Inci-oachments  and  usurpation  of  the  British  Government. 

As  the  critical  situation  in  which  the  Resolutions  of  Congress  have  placed  the  executive  authority 
of  this  State  will  constrain  me  to  quit  the  field  in  order  to  convene  the  Legislature  you  will  be  pleased 
to  direct  your  next  letter  for  me  at  my  house  at  Pokeepsie.  I  am  &c.  &c.  &c. 

His  Excellwn^  John  Jay  Esq.  President  of  Congress.  Geo.  Cuntov. 

Vol.  IV.  74 


mi 


'^■'^i 


t  if-.'. 


m 


'  I 


m 


m 


566  ooMnoYuuiT  anracriiia  thb  mbw  NAnrtMiM  oaAim. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  N.  Y.  DELEGATION  IN  CONGRESS. 

# 

Camp  in  tl>«  Highlands  7t>>  June  1779. 

Gentlemen.  I  received  yonr  letter  respecting  the  Resolutions  of  Congress  relative  to  the  pre- 
tended State  of  Vermont  at  this  Place  where  I  have  collected  a  large  body  of  tlie  Militia  of  the  State 
in  order  to  strengthen  the  Continental  Army  and  to  oppose  the  Designs  of  the  Common  Enemy — 
my  public  letter  to  Congress  of  this  date  is  expressive  of  my  sentiments  on  those  Resolutions  &  I 
am  confirmed  in  them  by  the  concurring  opinion  of  several  raemlwrs  of  the  Legislature  &  of  the 
principal  officers  of  Government  wlio  are  now  wUh  me  in  tlie  field.  I  lament  extremely  that  at  a 
crisis  so  alarming  not  only  to  the  safety  of  the  State  but  to  the  goncrnl  weal  I  should  be  under  the 
necessity  of  withdrawing  from  the  immediate  command  of  the  militia  at  this  IMace  &  of  convening 
the  Legislature  in  order  to  lay  before  them  the  Resolutions  of  Congress.  Wluit  elfect  this  must 
necessarily  have  upon  the  militia  I  shall  leave  it  to  yourselves  to  determine.  Had  the  Resolutions 
of  Congress  taken  proper  notice  of  the  late  attrocious  outrage  committeil  against  tlie  Autliority  of 
this  State  by  an  officer  holding  Rank  in  their  service  and  hud  they  adopted  some  measure  for 
liberating  the  civil  &  military  officers  of  the  county  of  Cumberland  now  Imprisoned  by  persisting  in 
their  allegiance  to  this  State  &  for  preventing  the  like  outrages  In  flUure  it  might  at  least  for  the 
present  have  in  some  measure  atoned  for  the  insufficiency  of  their  Resolutions.  How  the  interposi- 
tion of  this  State  in  favor  of  their  Servants  can  consistent  with  its  Honor  &  Justice  be  longer 
withheld  I  am  at  a  loss  to  determine.  You  will  be  pleased  to  direct  your  next  letters  for  me 
at  Pokeepsie.  I  am  &o.  &c.  &c. 

Geo.  Clinton. 

The  hon'''«  The  New  York  Delegates  in  Congress. 


GOV.  CLiJiTON  TO  GEN.  WASHINGTON. 

Canjp  Highlands  June  7U»  1779. 
Sir,  It  18  with  infinite  Regret  I  inform  your  Excellency  that  in  consequence  of  some  violent 
Outrage  lately  committed  in  the  County  of  Cumberland  and  which  the  Resolutions  of  Congress 
(copies  of  which  I  do  myself  the  honor  to  transmit)  do  not  in  my  opinion  tend  to  remedy,  tlie  Duty  I 
owe  to  the  State  will  soon  constrain  me  to  quit  the  field,  in  oilier  to  convene  the  Legislature  and  to 
make  the  necessary  arrangements  for  vindicating  the  Authority  of  this  government,  I  had  flattered 
myself  that  in  consequence  of  ray  Representation  tliat  Ethan  Allen  Imvlng  the  Rank  of  a  Col'  under 
Congress  had  with  his  associates  seized  &  imprisoned  the  principal  civil  &  military  officers  of  tliis 
State  in  the  County  of  Cumberland,  the  justice  and  wisdom  of  Congress  would  have  adopted  such 
measures  as  might  have  prevented  this  State  from  the  cruel  necessity  they  will  too  probably  be 
reduced  to  in  a  short  time  of  opposing  force  to  force  Your  Excellency  who  knows  my  Inclinations 
&  Conduct,  the  Zeal  &  Exertions  of  this  State  in  tl»e  Common  Cause  &  their  long  &  patient  forbearance 
under  the  usurpation  of  its  revolted  citizens  will  judge  with  what  anxiety  we  look  forward  to 
the  cruel  dilemma  to  which  by  the  great  pilneiple  of  self  preservation  ;  we  may  shortly  be  reduced  ; 
and  this  anxiety  is  rendered  doubly  Painful  by  tlie  Retlection,  that  the  gen>  Interest  of  America 
must  necessarily  be  affected  by  applying  the  Resources  for  maintaining  the  authority  of  this  State, 


OOHTBOVUST   U8PKCTIHO  TBS  HEW   RAMP8HIRB  OBAIin. 


687 


which  have  been  so  amply  and  liberally  aflforded  by  them  since  the  commencement  of  the  \rar  in 
support  of  the  common  Cause.  It  is  b  3ome  my  Duty  Iiowever  to  provide  in  time  ibr  sucii 
operations,  as  the  Legislature  may  thinlc  proper  to  adopt  in  consequence  of  the  Resolution  of 
Congress,  whicli  I  have  reason  to  imagine  will  be  considered  as  by  no  means  satisfactory.  I  have 
therefore  to  request  that  your  Excellency  will  be  pleased  to  give  the  necessary  Directions  for 
returning  within  the  State  the  six  brass  six  Pounders  togetlier  with  their  apparatus  wliich  tlie  State 
lent  for  tlie  use  of  the  Army  in  1776  or  tliat  in  case  of  loss,  you  will  order  them  to  be  replaced  as  soon 
as  possible.  In  order  that  timely  Measures  may  be  adopted  for  supplying  a  sufficient  quantity  of 
Provisions  for  tlie  Army  I  think  it  incumbent  on  me  to  inform  your  Excellency  that  the  Magazine 
of  Flour  which  the  Legislature  have  authorized  me  to  collect  may  probably  be  wanted  for  the 
operations  which  may  be  deemed  necessary  to  support  the  authority  of  the  State;  and  tliat  it  is  not 
unliliely  I  shall  not  only  be  prevented  from  filling  up  the  •  ontinental  Battalions  by  the  drafts  from 
the  Militia  already  made  but  that  by  the  Attention  to  the  civil  and  military  duties  I  owe  particularly 
to  the  State  in  this  critical  Conjuncture  I  may  not  be  able  to  carry  into  Execution  the  measures  I 
suggested  to  your  Excellency,  and  which  you  thought  proper  to  approve  of,  for  favoring  the 
v^j  lations  on  the  western  frontiers:  However  as  I  am  particularly  anxious  for  the  success  of  the 
Enterprize  in  that  quarter  it  is  my  determination,  to  abide  by  my  former  Intentions,  unless  restrained 
by  superior  Considerations,  and  to  continue  to  give  your  Excellency  every  aid  in  my  Power,  under 
the  present  Circumstances  of  the  State,  for  opposing  the  common  Enemy. 

I  am  &c.  &c.  &c. 
His  Excellency  Gen'  Washington.  Geo:  Clintoh. 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  CONGRESS  ON  THE  PRECEDING. 

In  Congress  June  16»»»  1779. 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  Letter  of  7*''  June  from  Governor  Clinton  brought  in  s 
Report  whereupon  Resolved  unanimously  that  the  Officers  acting  under  the  State  of  New  York, 
who  were  lately  restrained  of  their  liberty  by  certain  Persons  of  a  District  called  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants  ought  to  l>e  immediately  liberated. 

Resolved  unanimously  that  the  Committee  appointed  to  repair  to  the  Inhabitants  of  a  certain 
District  known  by  the  Name  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  be  directed  to  inquire  into  the  Matters 
and  Things  contained  in  the  Letters  of  Governor  Clinton  of  the  29th  May  and  of  the  7t><  Instant  and 
tliat  Copies  of  the  said  Letters  be  transmitted  to  the  said  Committee  and  that  they  be  directed  to 
report  specially  to  Congress. 

Resolved  unanimously  that  it  was  not  the  Intention  of  Congress  by  their  Resolutions  of  the  first 
Instant  nor  ought  the  same  or  any  part  thereof  to  be  construed,  to  hold  up  Principles  subversive  of 
or  unfavourable  to  the  internal  Polity  of  any  or  either  of  the  united  States. 

That  Congress  expect  very  salutary  effects  from  the  Appointment  of  the  said  Committee  therefore, 
all  further  proceedings  on  Governor  Clinton's  Letter  be  postponed  until  they  report. 
Extract  from  the  Minutes 

(Copy)  Cba  Thomson  Seer 


j| 


i 


nil 


1  ! 


i.i 

■At 

I!  :!| 


m 


liiii 


•88  MirmoTuuiT  BuracTwo  mi  raw  iUMnR»a  obaiits. 


'  COMMITTEE  OF  CONGRESS  TO  SAMUEL  MINOT.  Esq.  &c. 

« 
Bennington,  June  25^,  1779 

Gentlemen,  The  Subscribers  are  here  at  present  as  Members  of  a  Committee  of  Congress  sent  for 
the  express  purpose  of  endeavouring  to  bring  about  an  amicable  settlement  of  the  Differences 
between  the  State  of  New  York  and  the  Inhabitants  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  who  Iiave  formed 
themselves  into  a  State  called  by  them  the  State  of  Vermont.  We  have  understood  that  you  and 
others  who  adhere  to  tlie  State  of  New  York  have  declined  taking  your  Turn  of  Militia  Duty  for  the 
Defence  of  the  frontiers  because  tlie  Requisition  was  made  under  the  Authority  of  the  State  of 
Vermont  and  that  you  have  met  with  some  Trouble  on  this  Account.  We  have  tlierefore  sent  this 
to  inform  you  tliat  we  hope  there  will  be  by  interposition  of  Congress  a  happy  Accomodation 
of  all  Differences  in  a  short  Time  ;  in  tlie  mean  while  we  have  obtained  a  promise  from  Governor 
Cliittenden  that  you  shall  not  be  molested  till  matters  are  finally  settled  and  we  have  engaged  to  write 
to  you  voluntarily  and  freely  to  raise  your  full  Proportion  of  Men  whenever  your  Neighbours  are 
called  and  you  are  informed  of  this  eitlier  l>y  continental  Officers  or  tlie  New  State  till  such  Time  as 
you  have  Special  Directions  from  the  Governor  of  New  York  which  we  hope  to  obtain  for  you  on 
our  Return  hence.  This  we  are  confident  you  will  readily  comply  with  as  otherwise  People  will  be 
tempted  to  impute  your  Conduct  to  disalTection  to  the  Cause  of  the  United  States.  We  hope  you  will 
understand  tliat  t)ie  Protection  and  Forbearance  which  is  promised  in  your  behalf  is  to  be  consid- 
ered as  on  the  condition  of  your  cordially  complying  with  our  Request  and  in  every  Respect 
behaving  quietly  and  orderly  while  the  measures  tor  Pacification  are  on  foot. 


GOV.  CHITTENDEN'S  PROMISE. 

Bennington  23<'.  June  1779. 

Sir,  Your  favor  by  M'.  Tucker  came  to  hand  yesterday.  Am  unhappy  to  hear  of  a  second 
Insurrection  and  open  Violation  of  the  Authority  of  this  and  the  United  States ;  The  present 
distressed  Situation  of  our  northern  Frontiers  absolutely  demands  the  assistance  of  their  Brethren  and 
Friends.  Am  sorry  to  find  that  private  difficulties  should  in  tlie  least  impede  and  prevent  a  general 
Union  in  Defence  of  the  Grand  Contest  on  which  the  Liberty  and  happiness  of  the  whole  depends. 

Witli  pleasure  I  can  inform  you  (and  desire  the  same  may  be  communicated  to  the  respective 
Inhabitants)  that  a  romraittee  of  the  honorable  Continental  Congress  have  arrived  at  this  Place,  from 
which  we  may  expect  the  most  salutary  and  agreeable  effect  in  a  speedy  Settlement  of  the  unhappy 
Dispute  between  this  and  the  State  of  New  York. 

From  the  Situation  of  the  present  afiftiirs  and  the  pressing  necessity  of  securing  our  frontier 
Inhabitants  together  with  the  Advice  of  the  Committee  aforesaid  transmittetl  in  a  Letter  ;  I  presume 
the  Inhabitants  will  readily  turn  out  in  Defence  of  their  Country  agreable  to  orders ;  and  in  the  mean 
Time  I  would  recommend  while  they  continue  to  do  their  proportion  in  the  present  War,  the  sus- 
pending of  all  prosecutions  in  the  Law  against  those  who  acknowledge  themselves  Subjects  of  the 
State  of  New  York  (except  Capitol  Offences)  until  Congress  make  a  final  Determination  in  the  Matter. 

I  am  Sir  Your  hum'''*.  Ser». 
A  true  Copy  p'^  Jos.  Fay.  Thos.  Chittenden. 


CeilTBOyEMT  BKSPBCnitO  THB  HEW  HAHnUMB  fllUlin. 


589 


GOV.  CHITTENDEN'S  ANSWERS  TO  THE  QUERIES  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  CONGRESS. 

State  of  Vermont,  Bennington,  24"'  June,  1779. 

Gentlemen,  Agreable  to  your  Requisition  I  have  made  and  subjoined  to  your  Questions  the 
following  answers,  viz : 

Q  :  Are  tliere  any  Lands  in  this  State  still  unpatented  1 

A  :  Yes  a  large  Body  which  was  not  granted  previous  to  the  king's  Prohibition  to  the  Governor 
of  New  York. 

2  Q :  Are  there  any  Lands  wliich  have  been  patented  hy  the  State  of  Vermont  and  in  what 
Condition  were  they  before  1 

A :  None  as  yet  but  many  Petitions  are  made  and  are  on  File  waiting  for  a  settlement  of  the 
public  Disputes. 

3  Q  :  Are  there  any  Lands  patented  under  New  Hampshire  and  regranted  to  different  Persons 
under  New  York  but  are  not  yet  occupied  by  either  of  tiie  Grantees. 

A  :  Yes  a  large  quantity. 

4  Qu  :  Are  there  any  Lands  patented  under  New  York  of  date  prior  to  tne  Patents  under  New 
Hampshire  and  at  present  possessed  under  the  New  Hampsliire  Title  ? 

A  :  Some  old  Patents  of  New  York  are  said  to  extend  over  some  Parts  of  the  Townships  of 
Fownal,  Bennington  and  Shaftsbury. 

5  Qu  :  Are  there  any  Persons  living  in  the  State  of  Vermont  upon  the  New  Hampshire  Rights 
who  have  large  Property  in  Lands  in  different  Townships  not  yet  improved  1 

A  :  Some  few  tliere  are  and  there  is  many  that  own  small  Quantities. 

6  Qu.  Are  there  any  Persons  in  actual  Possession  of  Lands  under  the  New  York  Title  to  which 
others  have  a  prior  Right  under  New  Hampshire  ? 

A  :  Yes  some  few. 

7  Qu :  Are  you  satisfied  that  tlie  Proclamations  by  the  Governor  of  New  York  would  secui-e  your 
Property  in  the  Soil  tho'  the  jurisdiction  were  allowed  ] 

A  :  By  no  Means,  as  it  is  only  a  shadow  without  any  principle  Substance  calculated  to  answer 
sinister  Purposes  which  is  implied  in  liis  second  Proclamation  viz* :  "  That  all  such  lands  which 
have  heretofore  been  granted  by  the  Governments  of  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay 
and  Iiave  not  been  since  Granted  by  tlie  Government  of  New  York  "  tlie  words  "  and  have  not  since 
been  granted  by  the  Government  of  New  York "  wholly  exclude  the  most  valuable  Lands  in  this 
State ;  including  that  wliich  is  in  actual  Possession,  as  the  State  of  New  York  have  since  made 
Grants  of  the  same  Lands — and  I  presume  to  say  it  is  not  in  the  Power  of  the  Legislature  of  New 
York  to  confirm  those  Lands,  being  previously  granted  to  others.  There  are  sundry  other  Passages 
in  the  same  Proclamation  equally  insufhient  and  dissatisfactory. 

8  Qu :  If  the  Property  of  your  Lands  were  perfectly  secured  to  you  would  you  be  willing  to 
return  under  tlie  Jurisdiction  of  New  York  ? 

A :  We  are  in  tlie  fullest  sense  as  imwilling  to  be  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York  as  we  can 
conceive  America  would  to  revert  back  under  the  Power  of  Great  Britain  (except  a  few  disaffected 
Inhabitants  who  say  they  will  become  willing  subjects  of  this  State  on  the  approbation  of  Congress) 
and  we  should  consider  our  Liberties  and  Privileges  (both  civil  and  religious)  equally  exposed 
in  future  Invasions. 

9  Qu  :  Would  your  returning  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  New  York  promote  or  hinder  the  complete 
Settlement  of  the  Country? 


r  I 


i|l 


590 


OOMTBOTEMV  kUPECTIMe  TUB  MBW  HAMMHIBB  SKAim. 


I-  'li 


I        i 


i^i    ! 


lii    S 


A  :  Experience  has  taught  me  to  believe  that  it  would  greatly  impede  the  settlement  of  this 
Country  to  have  it  affixed  to  New  York. 

10  Qu  :  Wliat  was  the  occasion  of  Colo  Allen's  proceeding  by  arms  to  talce  and  confine  sundry 
officers  in  Cumberland  County  wlio  proCessetl  to  be  subjects  of  the  State  of  New  York  1 

A.  Col*  Allen  proceedeil  into  Cumberland  county  under  Direction  of  the  Civil  Authority  of 
this  State  to  assist  the  Sherilf  in  the  Execution  of  liis  olBce  in  appreiiending  a  certain  Number  of 
Persons  for  the  Purpose  of  bringing  tliem  before  the  superior  Courts  of  tiiis  State  for  Trial  for 
riotously  impeding  a  certain  officer  in  tlie  Execution  of  his  Office  in  selling  Estate  taken  by  said 
officer  according  to  Law  from  Persons  who  refused  to  do  their  tour  of  Militia  Duty  in  Guarding 
the  Frontiers  of  this  and  the  united  States  of  America  against  the  Common  Enemy  agreeable  to 
Orders  of  tlie  Boai-d  of  War  of  tliis  State  issued  in  Pursuance  of  advice  received  from  Brig'  General 
Clinton  for  that  Purpose. 

1 1  Qu.  Are  you  willing  and  do  you  think  it  is  the  Minds  of  the  People  to  refer  the  final  Decision 
of  tliis  Matter  at  any  Rate  to  the  Congress  of  the  United  States? 

A.  I  believe  I  may  be  warranted  to  say  in  Behalf  of  the  People  ot  this  State  that  they  would 
think  themselves  happy  in  submitting  the  long  controverted  Dilferences  subsisting  between  this 
and  tlie  State  of  New-York  to  the  Determination  of  Congress  they  being  allowed  equal  Privilege  as 
the  State  of  New  York  in  supporting  tiieir  Cause,  reserving  to  themselves  in  the  Trial  of  all  Rights 
Privileges  Immunities  and  advantages  which  tliey  liad  or  might  liave  by  any  former  GrantS} 
Jurisdictions,  Powers,  and  Privileges  on  account  of  any  Province  or  State  heretofore  had,  notwith- 
standing any  subsequent  Transaction. 

I  am  Gentlemen  with  the  highest  Esteem  Your  ob'  humble  servant 

Thos.  Chttekoen. 

The  Hon>>>*  Doct'  Wetherspoon  &  Colo  Atlee  Members  of  a  Conunittee  of  Congress. 


PETITION  OF  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY. 

To  the  honorable  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America. 
The  Petition  of  Committees  of  the  Towns  of  Hinsdale,  Guilford    Halifax,   Brattleborough, 
Fulham,  Putney  Westminster,  Rockingham,  Springfield,  and  Weathersfleld  in  the  County 
of  Cumberland  in  the  State  of  New  York  upon  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  constituents. 
Most  humbly  Sheweth 

That  the  former  Government  of  New  York  while  administered  by  the  Servants  of  tlie  Kiiig  of 
Great  Britain  having  been  in  some  Instances  oppressive  to  the  Inhabitants  of  the  New  Hampshire 
Grants  West  of  Connecticut  River  ;  Several  discontented  People  belonging  to  Albany  and  Charlotte 
Counties  in  the  State  before  mentioned.  Sometime  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1776,  drew  and  circulated 
a  Petition  to  the  honorable  tlie  Congress,  to  erect  tlie  New  Hampshire  Grants  into  a  Separate  State. 
That  this  plan  being  peaceable  and  regular  in  appearance,  many  Persons  were  drawn  into  the 
Measure  throughout  that  part  of  the  Grants  over  wliicli  New  York  exercises  Jurisdiction. 

That  the  discontented  Persons  immediately  after  they  had  compleated  the  signature  of  the  said 
Petition,  called  a  Convention  ;  who  contrary  to  the  sense  of  many  of  the  signers,  without  presenting 
the  Petition  to  Congress,  and  without  any  application  to  the  Convention  of  New  York  for  Redress 
of  Grievances  ;  taking  advantage  of  the  Troubles  in  which  the  Continent,  &  particularly  the  State 


i:- 

i 

1 

1 

.■       1 

.  ai 

; 

■.^ 

1         ' 

i 

Ij 

1 

V     '■ 

ommovKMY  KEsricTiira  thi  wkw  hamnhhe  eiuim. 


591 


cf  New  York  was  then  Involved,  precipitately  declared  themselves  independent ;  although  the 
Cuunties  of  Cumberland  and  Gloucester,  and  as  your  Petitioners  are  informed  of  Albany  and 
Charlotte,  were  represented  in  the  Convention  of  New  York,  and  through  tliem  in  the  Continental 
Congress  at  tlie  times  of  the  Declaration  of  American  Independence,  and  forming  the  Constitution 
of  New  York. 

Tliat  unless  this  Tract  of  Country  was  considered  as  represented  in  the  honorable  the  Congress, 
by  the  Delegates  of  New  York,  at  the  time  the  Colonies  were  declared  independent  of  Great 
Britain,  Congress  have  not  yet  declared  it  independent. 

That  Majorities  in  several,  and  respectable  Minorities  in  other  Towns  in  Cumberland  County,  in 
particular,  Persons  of  the  best  Character  and  Estates,  conceiving  the  Settlement  made  by  the  King 
of  Great  Britain  in  the  year  1764  to  be  binding,  at  least  until  Congress  shall  otherwise  determine, 
have  refused  to  join  in  the  Revolt. 

That  your  Petitioners  are  well  informed  that  in  almost  or  quite  every  town  throughout  the 
District,  tliere  are  Persons  who  disapprove  of  the  Government  attempted  to  be  established  by  those 
who  have  revolted  from  New  York  ;  but  that  many  of  tliem  for  fear  of  popular  Rage  durst  not 
publicly  oppose  it ;  and  that  Since  October  last  almost  the  whole  County  of  Gloucester  have  fallen 
off  from  Vermont  and  are  now  in  open  opposition  to  it. 

That  those  who  continue  in  allegiance  to  New  York  have  refused  entering  into  this  unprovoked 
and  unreasonable  Rebellion  against  lawful  Authority,  not  only  from  Principles  of  Affection  and 
Duty  to  the  State  of  which  they  are  a  part ;  but  because  they  conceive  that  an  internal  Revolution 
undertaken  at  this  critical  Juncture,  must  be  attended  with  bad  consequences  to  the  common  Cause 
of  America.  Tlie  Powers  of  Government  must  at  such  a  time  be  necessarily  weak,  and  consequently 
inadequate  to  tlie  extraordinary  exertions  which  our  Country  requires  from  us,  both  of  Men  and 
Money.  The  precedent  which  it  would  make  for  the  disorderly  Subjects  of  other  States,  and  the 
contempt  shewn  to  the  Resolutions  of  the  honorable  the  Congress,  hereinafter  in  part  recited,  are 
other  reasons  why  we  have  chosen  not  to  join  in  measures  so  extraordinary. 

That  the  Vermont  Faction  in  the  year  1777  made  application  to  the  honorable  the  Congress  that 
what  they  had  already  declared  an  independent  State,  might  bo  considered  as  such  by  Congress,  and 
that  delagates  tlierefrom  might  be  admitted  to  Seats  in  that  honorable  House.  Whereupon 
Congress  among  other  tilings  resolved,  that  it  was  composed  of  Delagates  oliosen  by — and  representing, 
the  Communities  respectively  inliabiting  the  Territories  of  New  Hampshire  &"  &e  New  York  &» 
&e  as  they  respectively  stood,  at  the  time  of  its  first  Institution.  That  it  could  not  be  intended  that 
Congress  by  any  of  its  Proceedings  would  do  recommend  or  countenrnce,  any  thing  injurious  to  the 
rights  and  Jurisdictims  of  the  several  communities  whicli  it  reprefented.  That  tlie  independant 
Government  attempted  to  be  established  by  tlie  People  stiling  tliemselves  Inhabitants  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants,  could  desire  no  Countenance  or  Justification  from  the  Act  of  Congress  declaring 
the  United  Colonies  to  be  independant  of  the  Crown  of  Great  Britain,  nor  from  any  other  act  or  Resolu- 
tion of  Congress.  That  the  Petition  of  Jonas  Fay  &«  in  the  Name  and  behalf  of  the  people 
stiling  tliemselves  as  aforesaid,  praying  that  the  district  in  the  said  Petition  described,  might  be 
ranked  among  the  free  and  independant  States,  and  that  Delagates  therefrom  might  be  admitted  to 
seats  iu  Congress,  should  be  dismissed.  And  that  the  paper  signed  "  Thomas  Young  "  advising  the 
Tii1ial)itants  of  the  said  District  to  chuse  Members  for  a  Generall  Convention,  and  Delagates  for 
tlie  General  Congress  and  Committee  of  Safety,  and  form  a  Constitution,  was  derogatory  to  the 
Honor  of  Congress,  and  a  gross  misrepresentation  of  the  Resolution  of  Congress  therein  referred  to, 
and  tended  to  deceive  and  mislead  the  People  to  whom  it  was  addressed. 

That  the  said  Resolutions  at  first  seemed  sufficient  to  quiett  the  Di^sorders  which  then  prevailed, 


P  I 


it'V 

I' 


WWTHOVUUtV    RBSrECTIMU   TUK   MSW    HAAtPKUIMK  OIUMTli. 


I 

HI'' 

I' 


if, 


•nd  their  appeared  in  many,  if  not  most  of  the  revolters,  a  Disposition  to  return  to  their  Duty 
But  it  was  not  long  before  tlie  leaders  of  the  Mulcontents,  in  Print  and  in  Conversation  so  misrcpre' 
sentcd  und  explained  tliose  liesulutions  us  induced  that  Party  to  believe  that  Congress  fuvt)red 
their  plan. 

Tliat  tliey  have  since  formed  a  Constitution  of  Government  and  elected  all  the  necessary 
OiBcers  tliereof. 

Tliat  notwithstanding  tlie  Revolt  was  made  upon  tliis  Foundation  that  we  were  thrown  into  a  state 
of  Nature  by  the  Colonies  being  declared  independant  of  Great  Britain  and  hud  then  a  right  to 
ehuse  our  Government;  Yet  those  who  continued  subjects  of  one  of  the  United  States  have  not  been 
allowed  that  Privilege,  but  the  Insurgents  both  by  their  civil  and  military  authority,  have  at  every 
oi)i»ortunity  attempted  to  compel  them  to  submit  to  their  usurped  Government,  and  very  lately 
niiiiiy  of  their  principal  officers  declared  in  the  most  publick  manner  that  their  Government  was 
determined  to  enforce  submission  by  arms  until  Congress  should  otherwise  direct  and  to  leave  no 
doubt  of  the  Sincerity  of  tliis  Declaration  they  were  then  in  the  Act  of  Compelling  Submission  to 
their  Government  at  the  head  of  about  two  hundred  armed  men.  That  beside  this,  their  pretended 
Legislature  in  June  last  passed  an  Act  declaring  that  if  any  Person  within  this  pretended  State  shall 
after  the  first  day  of  September  next  accept  hold  or  exercise  any  office,  civil  or  military,  other 
than  sliall  l>e  derived  from  the  said  pretended  State,  he  sliall  for  tlie  first  Offence,  pay  a  fine  not 
exceeding  one  hundred  pounds,  lawful  money ;  for  tlie  second  offence  shall  be  whipped  on  tlie 
naked  Back,  not  exceeding  forty  stripes,  at  the  Discretion  of  the  Court ;  and  for  the  tliird  oflt'iiee 
sliall  have  his  right  ear  nailed  to  a  Post  and  cut  off,  and  be  branded  in  the  Forehead-  with  the 
Capital  Letter  C.  on  a  hot  Iron. 

Having  understood  that  repeated  application  hud  been  made  on  the  Part  of  New  York,  to  the 
Grand  Council  of  america,  to  interfere  in  settling  their  internal  Troubles ;  the  loyal  Subjects  of  tliut 
State  upon  the  Grants,  have  waited  with  much  Impatience  the  Lieusure  of  your  lionorable  Body 
to  examine  into  the  matter,  and  recommend  something  adapted  to  tlie  Kestoration  of  Peace  und 
Tranquility  They  conceived  that  by  the  third  Article  of  the  Confederation  the  States  had 
Severally  bound  themselves  to  assist  each  other  against  all  Force  offered  to,  or  attacks  made  upon 
any  of  them  on  account  of  Sovereignty,  or  on  any  other  pretence  whatsoever ;  and  therefore  that 
the  general  Interest  required  the  honorable  Congress  (as  soon  as  they  possibly  could)  to  use  their 
Intiuence,  in  putting  a  Speedy  End  to  this  political  Schism. 

That  your  Petitioners  and  others  subjects  of  New  York  upon  the  Grants,  have  since  this  internal 
Revolution  endured  the  most  compleat  anarchy  possible,  not  having  had  the  shadow  of  Government 
amongst  them;  and  have  besides  hud  to  contend  with  disorderly  headstrong  men,  who  endeavoured 
to  exercise  an  usurped  authority  over  them  ;  this  they  have  supported  with  all  the  Fortitude  they 
were  masters  of;  well  knowing  from  the  general  Conversation  of  Persons  not  in  Office  that  (whatever 
those  who  promoted  the  present  Disturbances  from  ambitious  and  Interested  motives  might  tliink) 
your  honorable  Body's  expressly  recommending  a  return  of  their  Allegiance,  which  we  have  almost 
daily  expected,  would  put  a  final  Period  to  the  Disturbances,  and  restore  good  Order  und  Government. 

That  the  revolted  Party  has  endeavoured  upon  all  Occasions,  both  in  Print  and  in  Conversation, 
to  prejudice  the  Cause  of  New  York,  by  representing  the  avowed  Subjects  of  that  Staic  upon  the 
Grants  to  their  Countrymen,  in  the  odious  Light  of  Tories  and  Enemies  to  the  Country;  whereas  in 
Truth  whenever  there  has  been  a  call  lor  Men  by  proper  authority,  your  Petitioners  affirm  tliey 
have  done  tlieir  full  part,  and  in  some  Towns  more  than  their  part,  in  providing  Men  lor  tlie  Service: 
And  they  are  willing  when  called  upon  by  }>roper  Authority  which  tliey  can  conscientiously  obey, 
to  do  their  full  Proportion  towards  supporting  the  War,  as  soon  as  order  and  Government  are  restored 


HI 


OOKTKOVIMT    RUPCCTINO   THE   MEW   IIAMPIIIIRC  ORANTt. 


G93 


80  that  it  can  possibly  be  done  :  For  we  conceive  it  beyond  our  Power  in  tlie  present  State  of 
Anarchy,  where  no  compulsory  means  cnn  he  used  (except  mobbing)  to  furnish  our  Quota's 
either  of  Men  or  Money. 

That  alitliough  this  part  of  the  State  laboured  under  Grievances  from  the  former  Government  of 
New  Yorlc,  yet  tl»e  Legislature  of  the  present  Government  liave  repeatedly  manifested  go  much 
Cheerfulness  in  redressing  them  as  soon  as  pointed  out,  and  a  temper  so  contrary  to  oppression, 
that  we  have  a  well  grounded  Confidence  should  any  yet  remain  they  had  need  only  to  be  men- 
tioned to  be  removed.  Entertaining  these  sentiments  of  tlie  Legislature,  which  are  unfeigned,  we 
can  not  but  view  the  present  Disturbances  solely  as  the  Contention  of  some  artful  ambitious  ana 
designing  Men  fi)r  tlie  Powers  of  Government ;  but  of  such  a  nature  that  the  longer  it  is  unattended 
to  tlie  more  difficult  it  will  be  to  suppress  it. 

Tliat  should  tlie  Iionorable  the  American  Congress  be  so  inattentive  to  the  right  of  one  of  its 
members  as  to  declare  the  New  II.''mpshire  Grants  an  indepeudant  State,  the  Party  who  have 
disclaimed  their  Allegiance  to  New  York  have  shown  so  many  Instances  of  an  inveterate  Enmity 
to,  and  of  a  fixed  Disposition  to  ruin,  those  who  have  refused  joining  wltli  them,  that  great  numbers 
of  the  latter  will  be  necessitated  to  sell  tlielr  Interests  (if  that  Priviledge  is  allowed  them)  and  remove 
to  some  otlier  State  : — and  your  Petitioners  are  fearful  that  that  will  he  tlie  least  bad  Consequence 
which  will  follow  so  extraordinary  a  measure,  as  we  can  witli  truth  assert  that  of  late  your  Peti- 
tioners and  tlieir  Constituents  "are  in  the  fullest  sense  as  unwilling  to  be  under  the  Jurisdiction  of" 
Vermont,  "as  we  can  conceive  America  would  be  to  revert  back  imder  the  Power  of  Great 
Britain"  and  that  they  should  consider  their  Lives  and  Properties  equally  insecure. 

Your  Petitionei'S  therefore  humbly,  and  in  the  most  earnest  manner,  intreat  tliat  your  honorable 
House  will  commisserate  the  unhappy  and  distracted  situation  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants  in  the  State  of  New  York,  and  as  speedily  as  possible  restore  Peace  to  them  (which 
we  are  confident  will  effect  it)  by  recommending  in  the  most  explicit  manner  that  they  yield  their 
Allegiance  to  the  State  of  New  York,  until  Congress  shall  take  some  further  Resolution  upon  the 
subject. 

And  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound  shall  ever  pray  &c. 

Signed  by  order  of  s^  Committees, 

Brattleborough,  SSJ  July,  1779.  Samuel  Minott,  Cliairman. 


ft ' '  1 


r 


J 


•  .n 


At  a  Meeting  of  the  Convention  of  Committees  for  the  County  of  Cumberland  at  Col°.  Serjeants  in 
Brattleborough  the  23J  July,  1779. 

Voted  that  this  Convention  present  a  Petition  to  the  honorable  the  Congress  praying  them  to 
interfere  in  settling  the  Disturbances  upon  the  Grants  ;  and  tliat  Charles  Phelps  Esq',  be  desired  to 
carry  the  same  to  the  Legislature  of  New  York  State,  and  if  they  approve  the  measure,  and  will  be  at 
the  expence  of  it,  that  M'.  Phelps  go  forward  to  Piiiladelphia  to  wait  upon  Congress  with  it : — and 
as  an  Agent  to  solUcit  a  speedy  Determination. 

By  Order 

Attest.  Samuel  Minott,  Chairman. 

Micah  Townsend,  Clk. 


m 


Vol.  it. 


76 


11 


^i  i 


HI 


SM  OOMTROTKRir   Hnpr-CTIKQ   Till   NEW   iUMTtHIRB  OBAilTI. 


INSTRUCTIONS  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  LEGISLATURE 

TO  ITt  DBLEOATM   IN    COMOItUS    RELATIVE    TO    THE    DIlOHDRRa    PRKVAILIHO     IN    THE   NORTH    EASTERN 

PARTS   or  THE   STATE    0»'  NEW    YORK. 

Kingston,  August  27,  1770. 
Gent".  We  anxiously  exj>ectfd  tlmt,  hy  an  efllctual  Interposition  of  Congress,  our  dehuled 
Fellow  Citizens  in  the  North  Eastern  Parts  of  the  State  would  before  our  present  meeting  have 
peaceably  returned  to  their  duty,  and  prevented  the  necessity  of  coercive  Measures  to  compel  a 
submission  to  the  autliority  of  Legal  Government.  Tliis  we  were  the  more  readily  Induced  to  hope 
as  we  conceive  the  Terms  we  have  ottered  to  them  to  be  not  only  perfectly  Just  and  equitable  but 
even  generous ;  these  pacific  Overtures  have  been  disregarded,  vloleiu-e  and  Outrage  are  daily 
committed  upon,  and  tlie  Severest  punishment  threatened  against  (the  latter  of  which  will  appear 
from  tlie  inclosed  Copy  of  an  Act  of  tlie  Legislature  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont)  onr  good 
Bul>ject3  in  Briittleborough  and  other  well  uilected  Towns,  who  now  claim  from  us  that  Protection 
which  we  have  Solemnly  promised  to  them  and  wliicli  consistent  with  Justice  we  can  no  longer 
witldiold. 

Willie  on  the  one  hand  we  view  with  a  degree  of  Horror  the  dreadAil  consequences  of  having 
Recoui-se  to  Fmce,  not  only  to  tliis  State,  jind  esju'cially  to  the  imliappy  People  who  will  be  its 
immediate  Objeot,  but  also  to  the  romnion  cause  of  America — yet  on  the  other  we  are  persuaded 
our  Successful  efforts,  to  expel  a  foreign  Tyranny  will  avail  us  little  while  we  remain  Subject  to 
the  domestic  Usurpation  ;  earnestly  wishing  however  l)y  t'veiy  attempt  to  Peace,  to  prevent  the  evils 
of  a  Civil  War,  we  must  direct  you  to  entreat  once  more  tlie  mediation  of  Congress. 

A  Quorum  of  the  Committee,  appointed  by  tlie  Resolution  of  the  first  of  June  last,  having  never 
met,  and  as  we  have  not  been  inlorme<l  tliat  Congress  have  since  proceeded  in  the  business  we  pre- 
sume it  is  remaining  before  tliem  in  the  same  State  it  was  prior  to  that  day  upon  this  suposition 
we  shall  take  the  Liberty  of  suggesting  several  matters  for  tlieir  consideration  and  proposing  certain 
measures,  not  only  just  and  satisfactory  in  themselves,  but  sucli  as  we  believe  will  be  effectual  in 
restoring  the  Peace  of  the  State. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  all  the  Lands  in  that  District  of  Country,  which  has  attempted  a 
Separation  from  this  State  under  the  name  of  Vermont,  is  !•»  either  unpatented  and  unoccupied  or 
2<"y  unpatented  and  actually  occupied  or  S^'y  Patented  by  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay 
and  not  afterwards  patented  by  New  York  or  4"''y  Patented  by  New  York  prior  to  any  Patent  under 
New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay  or  5  Patented  by  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  Bay  and 
afterwards  patented  by  New  York. 

With  respect  to  tlic  first  Case  the  Lands  must  remain  for  the  future  Disposition  ot  Government 
with  respect  to  the  second  we  have  engaged  to  confirm  to  the  Occupants  their  respectii'e  Posses- 
sions together  with  as  much  vacant  adjoining  Land  as  to  form  convenient  Farms  not  exceeding 
three  hundred  acres  each. 

With  respect  to  tlie  third  we  have  engaged  to  confirm  the  Patents  under  New  Hampshire  or 
Massacliusetts  Bay  as  fully  as  if  they  had  been  made  under  New  York  without  taking  any  advantage 
of  a  non  performance  of  Condition. 

With  respect  to  the  fourth  and  fifth  Cases  we  have  engaged  besides  confirming  such  Possessions 
as  were  made  under  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusett's  Bay  prior  to  any  Patent  for  the  same 
Lands  under  New  York  to  submit  the  Determination  of  the  Right  of  Soil  to  Commlsr*.  to  be  appointed 


*:, 


OOKTtOTXAIT   BKtPECTIKO   TUt  MKW   nAMMHIkR  OBAMTt. 


606 


by  Congreti  who  are  to  dvlcrmiii*'  ugrccuMe  to  E(|ulty  and  Jiiitico  witliout  udlirring  to  the  itrlct 
liiiles  of  Law  FrovUltnl  iievertlidi>»«  tiiat  the  uctuul  Occui)uiiti  uiiUt'r  Saw  Yurk  shuU  b«  cuiiflnuvd 
iu  their  r«ti>ectlve  FusmssIoiih. 

It  is  further  to  be  objierved  thuf  »^very  part  «4'  the  above  District  was  iiidlsi)utul)1y  iucliuled 
within  the  Jurisdiction  ell'"'r  of  New  kork  or  N«w  Haiupsldre  or  Mtissuchusett's  Bay  and  tliat  the 
lilght  of  Jurisdiction  as  CungrcKK  tliemselves  lmv»  declared  was  not  altered  by  these  Cuiumunltles 
respectively  becoming  Inde])endaut  States. 

Having  made  these  observntions  we  would  premise  further  that  in  order  to  remove  every 
objection  fully  to  evince  the  Uprightness  of  our  Intentions  and  our  earnest  desire  for  an  aecoiiimu- 
dation  We  are  willing  that  if  Congress  should  deem  the  above  mode  of  determining  the  Right 
of  Soil  between  interfering  Claimants  under  New  Hampshire  or  Mussaehutiets  Day  on  the  one  and 
under  New  York  on  the  other  part  ineligible  we  will  consent  that  it  sliall  be  determined  eitlier 
Immetliately  by  Congress  themselves  or  in  such  other  manner  as  they  shall  think  proper  wo  will 
olso  concede  that  on  all  Questions  relative  to  such  Right  of  Soli  tiiis  State  shall  not  vote  in  Congress, 
that  Congress  sliall  guaranty  to  the  Inhabitants  on  the  Grants  the  Performance  of  these  Terms  and 
that  no  I'roceeding  of  Congress  requiring  or  recommending  it  to  the  Inliabltants  to  submit  to  the 
Authority  of  this  State  shall  be  construed  to  injure  any  Right  of  Jurisdiction  whicii  the  States  of 
New  Hampshire  or  Massachusets  Bay  may  respectively  have  to  tiie  above  Territory  or  any 
part  thereof. 

This  last  Proposal  does  not  arise  from  an  apprehension  that  probably  these  States  will  claim  the 
Jurisdiction  of  any  of  the  Grants  lying  West  of  Connecticut  River  but  is  mentioned  solely  with  a 
view  that  nothing  would  remain  which  can  possibly  have  even  the  appearance  of  a  Diiticulty  We 
will  at  all  Times  cliearfuUy  submit  tlie  Right  of  Jurisdiction  to  the  decision  of  Congress  agreeable  to 
the  9"«  Article  of  Confederation. 

Those  Terms  and  Proposals  We  conceive  must  satisiy  every  Claim  either  upon  our  Justice  or 
Generosity  and  we  trust  they  will  appear  to  Congress  to  whom  we  instruct  and  authorise  you 
immediately  to  communicate  them,  to  pledge  the  public  Faith  of  this  State  for  the  Perlbrmance 
of  them  and  thereupon  to  soUicit  tiie  immediate  Interference  of  Congress  recommending  to  such  of 
the  Inhabitants  of  the  Grants  who  at  the  Commencement  of  the  present  War  were  within  tlie  Juris- 
diction of  New  York  again  to  submit  to  the  Government  &  Authority  of  this  State,  witii  a  Proviso 
(should  the  same  be  deemed  necessary)  that  such  Interference  shall  not  be  construed  to  injure  a 
Right  of  Jurisdiction  existing  in  any  other  of  the  United  States. 

We  presume  it  will  be  needless  at  this  time  particularly  to  recapitulate  all  the  Reasons  which 
induced  this  State  to  apply  to  Congress  for  a  Declaration  of  their  Sence  of  the  Conduct  of  our  revolted 
fellow  subjects,  as  they  are  fully  contained  in  the  numberless  Papers  which  we  have  from  time 
to  time  transmitted  to  Congress  respecting  this  matter  let  it  suffice  to  mention  as  a  principal 
Inducem'  that  the  Kevolters  asserted  and  their  adherents  believed  that  their  attempts  to  a  seperation 
from  this  State  were  agreeable  to  and  favored  by  Congress  or  some  Members  of  Weight  and  Influence. 

Every  Delay  on  the  Part  of  Congress  explicitly  to  disavow  and  disapprove  of  is  construed  by  these 
People  as  countenancing  and  has  a  manifest  tho'  we  do  not  say  a  designed  Tendency  to  establisli  and 
contirm  the  secession — Their  Pretended  Legislature  has  already  confiscated  and  are  now  disposing 
of  the  Estates  of  Persons  who  have  joined  the  Enemy  and  probably  will  soon  proceed  to  grant 
the  unappropriated  Lands — By  these  means  they  raise  moneys  lor  the  Support  of  tl'eir  Government 
and  obtain  a  great  and  dayly  accession  of  Strength  not  only  by  an  additional  number  of  Settlers  but 
every  other  Purchaser  will  be  interested  to  maintain  an  authority  upon  wliicli  their  Title  depends — 
These  Proceedings  also  will  increase  the  Confusion  and  render  the  Restoration  of  Peace  at  a 


598 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING   THE  MEW   UAHPSHIRC  GRANTS. 


mw 


future  day  more  difficult  as  They  bear  no  Share  iii  the  present  public  Burthens  tliat  part  of  the 
Country  is  become  an  Assylum  for  all  Persons  who  wish  to  avoid  Military  Duty  or  the  Payments  of 
Taxes  and  Numbers  are  daily  emigrating  tliither  influenced  merely  by  tliis  Motive — They  will  also 
attempt  to  enforce  their  cruel  Edict  and  oblige  the  Inhabitants  of  Brattleborough  and  the  other 
Towns  who  have  remained  in  Allegiance  to  this  State  to  submit  to  their  usurpation — Tliese  Inhabit- 
ants will  resist  and  tlie  Justice  Peace  and  Satety  of  the  State  demand  tlmt  wc  should  and  we  are 
resolved  to  assist  and  protect  them — In  short  for  we  cannot  enter  into  particulars,  Matters  are 
bro't  to  a  Crisis  and  we  must  in  thij  session  determine  with  Decision  upon  the  important  Question 
of  protecting  our  faithful  Subjects  and  supporting  the  rightful  Jurisdiction  of  the  State — Wliat  the 
Consequences  will  be  we  forbear  to  mention — Tliey  may  easily  be  imagined  and  Congress  can 
prevent  them. 

One  principal  Design  of  our  present  Meeting  was  to  deliberate  upon  this  momentuois  Subject. 
We  shall  notwithstanding  suspend  all  fiutlier  proceedures  and  continue  sitting  till  we  are  &vored 
with  tlie  Sentiments  of  Congress  which  you  will  transmit  to  us  by  the  messenger  who  convey's  this 
and  whom  you  wiU  detain  for  that  purpose. 

Sliould  we  however  be  disappointed  and  Congress  decline  to  interpose  by  an  express  Recommen- 
dation as  above  proposed  we  do  in  such  Case  direct  Mr.  Jay  to  whom  we  have  in  a  special  manner 
committed  tliis  Business  immediatly  to  withdraw  and  attend  us  at  this  Place. 
Gent" 

With  this  you  will  receive  a  Letter  in  the  natui'e  of  Instructions  which  you  will  observe  is  wrote 
upon  a  Presumption  that  no  Proceedings  relative  to  the  Vermont  Business  have  been  had  in  Congress 
since  the  appointment  of  the  Committee  on  the  1"  of  June  last.  Sliould  subsequent  measures 
however  have  been  adopted  by  Congress  which  you  may  conceive  equally  eflectual  and  beneficial  to 
the  State  with  those  we  have  instructed  you  to  propose  you  are  in  such  Case  at  Liberty  to  suspend 
the  Communication  of  these  Instructions  till  oiu:  further  Direction  and  immediately  inform  us  of  the 
measures  by  a  special  messenger. 

We  are  with  due  Respect  Gentlemen  your  most  obedient  Servants 
By  order  of  the  Senate 

By  order  of  the  Assembly 


■!  Wf 


RESOLUTIONS  OF  THE  CONTINENTAL  CONGRESS. 

In  Congress  24"»  Sept'  1779. 
1  Whereas  on  the  first  Day  of  June  last  Coiigress  by  a  certain  Resolution,  reciting  that  "  Whereas 
divers  applications  had  been  made  to  Congress  on  the  part  of  the  State  of  New  York  and  of  the  State 
of  New  Hampshire  relative  to  Disturbances,  &  animosities  among  Inhabitants  of  a  certain  District 
known  by  the  name  of  "  the  New  Hampshire  Grants"  praying  their  Interlerence  for  quieting  thereof 
did  resolve  that  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  repair  to  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  &  enquire  into 
the  reason  wh]^  they  refuse  to  continue  Citizens  of  the  respective  States  which  heretofore  exercised  . 
Jurisdiction  over  the  said  District ;  for  tliat  as  Congress  are  in  duty  bound  on  the  one  hand  to 
preserve  inviolate  the  Rights  of  the  several  States,  so  on  the  otlier  they  will  always  be  careful  to 
provide  that  the  Justice  due  to  the  States,  does  not  interfere  with  the  justice  whicli  may  be  due  to 
Individuals. 


C0NTR0TER9T  IlKSPECTIMa   THE  MEW  HAMPSHIRE  GRANTS. 


697 


That  the  said  Committee  confer  with  the  said  Inhabitants,  &  that  they  take  every  prudent  measure 
to  promote  an  amicable  Settlement  of  all  Differences  &  prevent  Divisions  &  Animosities  so  prejudicial 
to  the  United  States  and  did  further  resolve  tliat  the  further  Consideration  of  this  subject  be  post- 
poned until  the  said  Committee  shall  have  made  report." 

2  And  whereas  it  so  happened  that  a  Majority  of  the  Committee  appointed  in  pursuance  of  the 
aforementioned  Resolutions  did  not  meet  in  the  said  District  and  therefore  have  never  executed  the 
Business  committed  to  them,  or  made  a  regular  Report  thereupon  to  Congress,  Ordered  tliat  the 
said  Committee  be  discharged. 

3  And  Whereas  the  animosities  aforesaid  have  lately  proceeded  so  far  and  &  risen  so  higli  as  to 
endanger  the  internal  Peace  of  the  United  States  whicli  renders  it  indispensably  necessary  Ibr 
Congress  to  interpose  for  the  Restoration  of  quiet  and  good  order. 

4  And  Whereas  one  of  the  great  objects  of  the  Union  of  the  United  States  of  America  is  the 
mutual  Protection  and  Security  of  their  respective  Rights. 

5  And  Wliereas  it  is  of  the  last  Importance  to  tlie  said  Union  that  all  Causes  of  Jealousy  &  Discon- 
tent between  the  said  States  should  be  removed,  and  therefore  that  their  several  Boundaiies  and 
Jurisdiction  be  ascertained  and  settled. 

6  And  whereas  Disputes  at  present  subsist  between  the  States  of  New  HBmpsliire,  Massachusetts 
Bay  &  New  York  on  the  one  part,  and  the  People  of  a  District  of  Country  called  New  Hampshire 
Grants  on  the  otiaer,  which  People  deny  the  Jurisdiction  of  each  of  the  said  States  over  the  said 
District ;  and  each  of  the  said  States  claim  the  said  District  against  each  other  as  well  as  against 
the  said  People,  as  appertaining  in  the  wliole  or  in  part  to  tliem  respectively. 

7">  Resolved  unanimously,  That  it  be  and  hereby  is  most  earnestly  recommended  to  the  States 
of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts  Bay  &  New  Yoi-k  forthwith  to  pass  Laws  expressly  authorising 
Congress  to  hear  &  determine  all  Differences  between  them  relative  to  their  respective  Boundaries  iu 
the  mode  pi  ascribed  by  the  Articles  of  Confederation  so  that  Congress  may  proceed  thereon  by  tlie 
First  Day  of  February  next  at  farthest. 

8  And  further  that  the  said  States  of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts  Bay  &  New  York  do  by 
Express  Laws  for  the  Purpose  refer  to  the  decision  of  Congress  all  Differences  or  Disputes  relative 
to  Jurisdiction,  whicli  tliey  may  respectively  have  with  the  People  of  the  District  aforesaid,  so  tliat 
Congress  may  proceed  thereon  on  the  said  first  day  of  February  next. 

9  Jlnd  also  to  authorise  Congress  to  proceed  to  heai"  &  determine  all  Disputes  subsisting  between 
the  Grantees  of  tlie  several  States  aforesaid  with  one  another  or  with  either  of  the  said  States 
respecting  Title  to  Lands  lying  in  the  said  District  to  be  heard  and  determined  in  the  mode  pre- 
scribed for  such  Cases  by  the  Articles  of  Confederation  aforesaid  :  And  further  to  provide  that 
no  Advantage  be  taken  of  the  Non-perlbrmance  of  the  Condition  of  any  of  the  Grants  of  the  said 
Lands,  but  that  fiuther  reasonable  Time  be  allowed  for  fulfilling  such  Conditions. 

10  Resolved  unanimously  Tliat  Congress  will  and  hereby  do  Pledge  tlieir  Faith  to  carry  into 
Execution  &  support  their  Decisions  &  Determinations  in  the  Premises  in  favour  of  whichsoever 
of  the  Parties  the  same  may  be,  to  the  end  that  permanent  Concord  &  Harmony  may  be  established 
between  them,  &  all  cause  of  uneasiness  removed. 

11  Resolved  unanimously,  that  Congress  will  on  the  said  first  Day  of  February  next  proceed  with- 
out Delay  to  hear  &  examine  into  the  Disputes  &  Differences  relative  to  Jurisdiction  aforesaid  between 
the  said  three  States  respectively,  or  such  of  them  as  shall  pass  the  Laws  before  mentioned  on  the 
one  Part  &  the  People  of  the  District  aforesaid  wlio  claim  to  be  a  seperate  Jurisdiction  on  the 
other ;  And  after  a  full  and  fair  hearing  will  decide  &  determine  the  same  according  to  Equity, 
and  that  nniher  of  the  said  Slates  shall  vote  on  any  question  relative  to  the  Decision  thereof.    And 


11 


if*  i'l 


598 


CONTBOTBIUIT   IIKSVECTIK6  THE  HKW  HAMPSHWt  ABJLIIT*. 


I    > 


Congress  do  hereby  pledge  their  Faith  to  execute  &  support  their  Decisions  &  Determination  in 
tlie  Premises. 

And  Whereas  it  is  essential  to  the  Interest  of  the  whole  Confederacy  that  all  intestine  DissentiouB 
be  carefully  avoided  &  domestic  Peace  &,  good  Order  muiutuined. 

12  Resolved  unanimously  That  it  is  the  Duty  of  the  People  of  the  District  aforesaid  who  deny 
the  Jurisdiction  of  all  the  aforenamed  States  to  abstain  in  the  meantime  from  exercising  any  Power 
over  any  of  the  Inliabitants  of  the  said  District  who  profess  themselves  Citizens  of,  or  to  owe 
Allegiance  to  any  or  either  of  the  said  States :  But  tliat  none  of  the  Towns  either  on  tlie  East  or 
West  side  of  Connecticut  River  be  considered  as  included  within  the  said  District,  but  such  as  liave 
heretofore  actually  joined  in  denying  the  Jurisdiction  of  either  of  the  said  States,  and  have  assumed 
a  separate  Jurisdiction,  which  they  call  the  State  of  Vermont.  And  further  that  in  the  opinion 
of  Congress  the  said  three  States  afbre-uamed  ought  in  the  mean  time  to  suspend  executing  their 
Laws  over  any  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the  said  District  except  such  of  them  as  shall  profess  Allegi- 
ance to  and  confess  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  same  respectively. — And  further  that  Congress  will 
consider  any  violences  committed  against  the  Tenor  true  Intent  &  meaning  of  this  Resolution 
as  a  Breach  of  the  Peace  of  the  Confederacy  which  they  are  determined  to  keep  and  maintain  : 
And  to  tlie  end  that  all  such  violences  &  breaches  of  tlie  public  Peace,  may  be  tlie  better  avoided 
in  the  said  District ;  It  is  hereby  recommended  to  all  the  Inhabitants  thereof  to  cultivate  Harmony 
&.  Concord  among  themselves  to  forbear  vexing  each  other  at  Law  or  otlierwise  &give  as  little  occa- 
sion as  possible  to  the  Interposition  of  Magistrates. 

13  Resolved  unanimously,  That  in  the  Opinion  of  Congress,  no  unappropriated  Lands  or  Estates 
which  are  or  may  be  adjudged  forfeited  or  confiscated  lying  in  the  said  Disti-ict,  ought  until  the  final 
Decision  of  Congress  in  tlie  Premises  to  be  granted  or  sold. 

Ordered,  That  Copies  of  the  albregoing  Resolutions  be  sent  by  express  to  the  States  of  New 
York  New  Hampshire  and  Massachusetts  Bay,  and  to  the  People  of  the  District  aforesaid ;  and 
that  they  be  respectively  desired  to  loose  no  time  in  the  appointing  their  Agent  or  Agents  & 
otherwise  preparing  for  the  hearings  aforesaid. 

The  aforesaid  Resolution  being  read  over  and  a  Question  taken  to  agree  to  the  whole. 

Resolved  unanimously  in  the  affirmative. 

Extract  from  the  minutes. 

Cha.  Thomson,  SecV. 


CHARLES  PHELPS  TO  THE  LEGISLATURE  OF  NEW-YORK. 


»      i 


Sirs  Another  week  has  Roled  off  since  I  wrote  to  y«  Honorable  Legislature  by  the  post  last 
rtiesday  and  no  resolution  of  Congress  upon  the  Vermont  affair  is  yet  obtained  ;  as  things  are  thus 
putt  off  from  one  Day  to  another,  the  best  Improvement  I  can  make  of  those  Delays  is  to  seek  new 
Conferences  with  Different  members  of  Congress  to  open  tlie  Greviances  of  our  people  Subjects  of 
New  York  state  ;  by  the  111  treatment  of  those  of  Vermont,  and  their  unreasonable  and  Injurious 
Conduct  in  opposeing  tlie  mild,  Just,  and  Equitable  Dealings  &  Administration  of  New  York  State 
to  them  &  us  all  which  is  so  Expressive  of  that  Leniant  pacific  to  them  and  most  Commisserating 
temper  which  the  present  admiiiistration  of  New  York  hath  ever  Expressed  towards  us  on  the 
Grants  and  toward  all  those  of  Vermont  faction  from  first  to  last  since  the  Revolution  &  in 
Deposeing  those  tyraoic  Governors  and  other  Evil  officers  of  the  Late  ai'bitrary  Crown  Administration. 


r  1  ' 


COMTMTEMT   KESrSCTINa   THE  NEW  BAMnHIRK  GRANTS. 


599 


All  which  I  find  has  a  good  Effect  on  the  minds  of  those  members  of  Congress  and  many  of 
them  have  told  me  they  are  Glad  that  New  York  State  have  shewn  such  a  Spirit  of  Quodness  iind 
Justice  to  ttiose  Subjects  ;  and  they  are  satisfyed  and  believe  Congress  in  General  are  satisfyed  iutirely 
of  the  Equity  and  Justice  of  Administration  toward  tiiem  people  ;  and  numbers  of  them  Delegates 
have  been  so  plain  in  their  Sentiments  to  me  in  the  matter  as  to  say  frely  it  is  high  time  Vermont 
was  broke  up  and  it  was  a  Grate  pitty  Congress  had  not  resolved  against  them  before  tilings  had  Got 
to  this  Lengtli  with  them — 

fiut  nevertheless  I  find  those  Sentiments  are  not  the  Sentiments  of  some  other  Delegates  of  Congress 
they  think  more  favorably  of  Vermont  and  I  believe  if  it  were  possible  with  aney  appearance  of  Justice 
or  Honour  some  of  them  are  so  in  favor  of  tliem  people  that  they  would  be  Heartily  Glad  they 
were  Established  a  seperate  State. — However  astonisliing  it  is  to  consider  of,  yet  I  verily  believe  it 
is  their  Sincere  minds  to  Let  them  be  a  State — And  therefore  I  expect  nothing  Else  but  a  Grate 
Decision  in  Congress  upon  the  Subject  when  it  Comes  upon  the  tryal  by  the  yeas  &  noes 

However  I  believe  they  In  General  think  it  wont  Do  by  aney  means  for  Congress  to  omit  inter- 
posing now  things  are  got  to  their  High  pitch  of  Confusion. 

I  endeavour  to  Induce  them  to  believe  tlie  truth  which  is  that  if  Congress  dont  Imraediutely 
Interpose  there  will  be  a  grate  Eifusion  of  Blood  as  soon  as  I  return  home  ;  and  that  if  it  should  bo 
so  all  the  world  will  know  at  whose  Dore  it  will  be  charged  by  all  America  ;  not  at  the  Dore  of  tlie 
Legislature  of  New- York  state  for  they  have  done  Every  tiling  possible  to  prevent  it  and  are  yet 
witli  those  people  tlieir  Loyal  Subjects  who  have  sent  me  to  Congress  in  their  behaltb  to  have 
Congress  Interpose  now  timely  before  any  blood  is  spilt — and  also  the  Legislature  have  repeatedly 
sent  as  a  State  tor  that  purpose  moreover  Governor  Clinton  as  the  Head  of  that  State  and  Political 
fatlier  of  them  Good  people  under  his  Jurisdiction  has  also  repeatedly  sent  to  the  same  purpose  5 
all  Earnestly  praying  both  Seperately  and  Joyntly  to  Congress  as  to  the  Grate  Council  of  ull  tlie 
States  in  the  unity  that  tliey  would  be  pleased  in  tlieir  Grate  Goodness  Justice  and  Wisdom  to 
Interpose  by  their  Prudent  Resolves  in  the  premises. 

Wherefore  by  this  time  I  Conclude  your  Honour  and  tlie  whole  Legislature  think  It  Strange,  that 
Congress  has  done  nothing  all  this  fortnit  in  so  important  an  affair  ;  all  of  whom  I  have  asked  tlie 
reason  of  the  Delay  say  it  is  Impossible  for  Congress  to  take  it  up  yet  there  is  so  much  pressing 
business  lying  before  them  prior  to  ours  with  Vermont  they  Could  not  possibly  proceed  upon  thi  i. 

Yet  I  am  told  last  week  tliere  was  an  order  of  Congress  to  proceed  upon  It,  on  raonday  tlien 
next  which  was  yesterday — but  tlie  Business  of  the  French  Ambassendor  who  is  soon  to  set  Snil  for 
France  has  Engrossed  t.ll  the  attention  of  Congress  for  some  Days  past  and  Yesterday  also  and  now 
I  understand  it  is  put  of  until  to  morrow  being  Wednesday  and  hope  it  will  come  on  tlien — but 
have  no  Certainty  of  it — there  are  so  many  avocations  Intercepting  of  me  I  Cant  rely  on  any  Encour- 
agement of  any  particular  time  if  never  so  solemnly  agreed  upon — to  Quiet  my  restless  Iniputienco 
tliey  tell  me  to  Persevere  hoping  and  waiting  I  sliall  have  ray  Just  Expectations  all  answered  In 
Due  time. 

But  I  have  no  reason  to  think  much  Less  to  Detirmin  as  it  is  now  become  a  matter  of  grate 
Importance  tliat  it  will  soon  be  brought  to  an  Issue  aud  resolved  upon  be  sure  if  the  Resolve  is  11 
good  one  but  that  It  will  take  up  a  long  time  to  Determine  upon  the  mode  of  pacification  of  tlio 
parties  Each  of  whom  are  very  Stife  &  Resolute  in  their  respective  ways  Great  Debate  will  Easm 
upon  the  Disquisition  and  adjudication  of  matters  of  sucli  Influence  and  Importance  to  all  tlie  united 
States  and  of  such  Delicacy  to  the  People  and  y«  wliole  Jui-isdiction  of  new  York  State  in  particular 
as  those  matters  are — But  besides  all  this  the  Strong  Attachment  of  the  minds  of  some  of  tlio 
Delegates  of  Congress  to  the  side  of  Vermont  &  so  strenious  in  their  favor  that  Vermont  Coatiuue 


m 


i';i 


i:;:l 


600 


CONTROVERSY   RESPECTING  THE  NEW  HAMnHIRB  QRANTB. 


Jurisdiction  that  I  am  not  Certain  but  they  will  Get  an  order  of  Congress  to  set  them  atime  with 
the  other  States  to  be  heard  upon  their  respective  Claims  of  that  District  as  I  have  [been  informed 
by]  one  of  the  Delegates — which  if  that  should  be  resolved  so  it  will  take  up  a  Long  time  befoi-e 
there  will  be  any  Interposition  of  Congress  I  tell  them  the  Consetiucuce  of  that  will  Issue  in 
Immediate  Blood — but  at  present  I  Comfort  my  selfe  with  an  assurance  of  some  good  &  powerful 
advocates  in  our  favor  and  in  opposition  to  that  procrastinating  Soheam  to  the  Eternal  Dishonor  in 
my  Humble  opinion  of  those  members  who  shall  appear  the  Sticklers  for  It. 

My  Endeavors  are  to  attach  as  many  Delegates  in  our  Interest  as  possible  and  to  oppose  such  a 
mischevious  scheem  as  that  appears  to  me  to  be  and  move  Congress  to  resolve  that  Vermont  Cease 
all  future  Jurisdiction  over  any  part  of  that  District  Called  the  Grants — untill  the  Circumstances  and 
Police  of  the  united  States  will  admit  the  Congress  tlieir  Great  Councel  Ailly  to  hear  all  the  Different 
State  Claimants  to  that  District  or  any  part  tliereof  and  then  to  hoar  Vcrmonts  Claims  also— but 
not  before  and  thereupon  for  Congress  to  resolve  what  ought  to  be  dune  in  Uie  premises  and  their 
adjudication  tlience  to  be  final  and  I  Cant  Consent  to  any  other  resolve  as  tilings  are  situate  I  tell  the 
Delegates  neither  will  New  York  Legislature  accept  any  other  I  am  persuaded  and  if  Congress  wont 
so  Resolve  we  shall  Immediately  Come  to  Blood — against  me 

Others  say  Let  the  Resolve  of  Congress  be  that  Vermont  Exercise  no  Jurisdiction  over  any 
person  or  persons  or  their  Estate  Claiming  to  be  under  New  York  Massachusetts  or  New  Hampshire 
States  and  their  own  Declaration  shall  be  the  Decisive  Determination  who  are  under  the  afors^i 
respective  Jurisdiction  of  those  States. 

But  there  are  so  many  objections  Confronting  such  a  resolution  I  tell  them  in  stead  of  Congress 
preventing  the  Efusion  of  Blood  it  will  bring  it  on  in  a  most  violent  &  rapid  manner  It  is  too 
tedious  for  you  Gent"  to  here  them  they  ai-e  so  numerous  but  your  Good  sense  will  upon  a  little 
adverting  upon  the  Conduct  of  officers  arresting  men  &  Estate  &.  both  to  be  released  by  order  of 
Congress  if  such  an  order  passes  what  Quarrels  and  Bloody  noses  will  Inevltikbly  be  the  Consequence. 

Therefore  there  seems  a  necessity  of  Geograpliical  Lines  of  Jurisdiction  being  fixed  to  make  it 
safe  for  officers  &c  to  know  wlio  the  true  objects  of  their  warrants  &  other  process  are  when  upon 
one  District  undivided  there  are  two  or  more  Rival  Jurisdictions  of  Rival  Governments  &  all  the 
officers  thereof  in  a  liot  fierie  Rivalship  with  Eacli  other  upon  such  Important  &  Delicate  points. 
Wherefore  notliing  further  in  the  premises  transpiring  Beg  Leave  to  Close  this  Long  narrative  to 
your  Honors  by  subscribing  my  selfe  with  grate  Esteem  your  Honors  very  Humble  much  obliged  & 
very  Dutiful  Subject  and  most  obed^  Humble  Servant  at  Command  of  the  Honorable  Legislature. 

Philadelpliia  Septemb'  21"  1779.  Charles  Fuelfs. 

To  the  Honorable  President  of  the  right  Honorable  Senate  the  Honorable  Speaker  of  the  very 
Respectable  &  Honorable  Assembly  of  Legislature  of  New  York  State. 


MESSAGE  OF  GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  LEGISLATURE  OF  THE  STATE  NEW  YORK. 


Gentlemen,  I  have  the  Pleasure  of  transmitting  you  with  tliis  Message  an  Act  of  Congress  of  the 
2iu>  of  September  last  for  adjusting  the  Controversies  and  settling  tlie  Disturbances  subsisting  in 
the  North  Eastern  District  of  this  State — if  the  Measures  recommended  by  Congress  meet  with 
your  Approbation  you  will  readily  perceive  tlie  Propriety  of  ImmwUtttely  enacting  the  Laws 
necessary  for  carrying  tliem  into  Execution. 

Kiugston  2«i  October  1779.  Geo.  Clinton. 


OONTBOVEBBY   RESPECTING   THE  NEW   HAMPSHiaE  GKAMTt. 


601 


CHARLES  PHELPS  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 


Sir,  I  Humbly  pray  your  Excellency's  attention  to  this  my  most  Humble  Desire  praying  j'our 
most  Kind  &  Important  Influence  upon  the  minds  of  the  Honorable  Legislature  that  ray  accompt 
for  my  Expence  to  Congress  in  belialf  of  this  Patriotic  State  in  a  matter  of  so  much  Importance  to 
the  Justice,  tlie  Sacred  Rights  of  Jurisdiction,  the  Emolument  and  Lasting  tranquility  of  this  whole 
State ;  against  the  Lawless  &  Treasonable  pretended  Domination  of  such  a  Contumacioiis  most  violent 
Insulting  headstrong  and  ferocious  People  of  Vermont ;  Rissen  up  in  the  woods  among  the  moun- 
tains, Snatching  at  the  Helm  of  Government,  wrenching  tlie  Sacred  and  awful  Scepter  thereof  out  of 
the  Hands  of  those  who  were  Lawfully  Commissioned  to  wield  it ;  to  the  Infinite  Prejudice  of  the 
people  of  the  whole  State  and  in  Contempt  of  the  autliority  of  Congress  and  to  tlie  wliole  magistracy 
of  this  and  in  its  Consequence  to  tliat  of  the  whole  united  States ;  wliich  Every  Statesman  &  Learned 
Polititian  throughout  tliese  States  must  necessarily  own  without  Hessitancy  upon  the  first  Clear  and 
Impartial  view  thereof.  Wherefore  the  matter  of  my  negotiations  both  at  your  Honorable  Legis- 
lature and  at  the  Honorable  Continental  Congress  of  sucli  Grate  Importance  and  my  assiduity  Zeal 
and  most  Engaged  attention  with  the  Constancy  and  Elaborate  application  througli  out  tlie  whole 
Long  series  of  that  fatiguing  Journey  all  most  three  months  in  that  Important  season  of  the  year  it 
being  business  of  that  weight  &  Importance  Demanding  my  utmost  attention  of  Body  &  mind  to  have 
all  things  Don  in  the  best  manner  I  was  Capable  in  Governmental  matters  of  such  Grate  weight 
Delicacy  &  Consequence  to  the  whole  State  of  which  I  have  the  lionor  of  being  a  member — tho  it 
seems  by  the  wise  Conduct  and  in  the  Just  Esteem  of  tliis  Honorable  Legislature  but  a  worthless 
one  in  their  Granting  me  nothing  but  my  Pocket  Expence  tho  I  was  so  frugal  therein  hereby 
Intimating  I  am  the  most  Insignificant  Subject  or  the  Least  one  of  the  most  minute  members  of 
the  whole  State  for  no  Doubt  the  Court  would  Give  even  a  Common  Scavenger  as  much  as  his  Pocket 
Expence  to  do  any  Drugery  for  the  State — the  words  of  the  act  of  the  State  are  "  to  go  to  Congress 
at  the  Expence  of  the  State"  or  tantamount,  nor  in  Common  parlance  they  must  be  understood  the 
whole  Expence  otherwise  if  the  General  Court  meant  to  pay  but  part  or  only  pocket  expence,  the 
act  would  be  so  worded — but  I  not  wisliing  to  shew  my  self  over  scrupilous  of  the  Honour  or  Justice 
of  the  Court  after  asking  his  Honor  tlie  Levt.  Governor  &  some  others  of  the  Honorable  Senate  & 
several  Senior  members  of  the  Honorable  Assembly  Chamber  whether  the  act  meut  to  pay  me  for 
my  time  &  horse  hire  the  answer  was  no  Doubt  for  all  the  Expence  and  told  me  when  I  com 
back  from  Congress  bring  in  your  bill  lor  all  Expence  no  Doubt  it  will  be  Granted — 

Wherefore  I  most  Humbly  pray  to  ask  wliy  I  may  not  be  payed  for  my  whole  Expence  as  well  as  all 
other  servants  of  the  State  I  dont  meen  the  Honorable  Legislators  they  are  chosen  the  Patrons  & 
political  fathers  of  the  State  the  Honour  &  Dignity  of  that  Exalted  &  most  Sublime  office  &  the 
Custom  of  the  British  Parliament  to  serve  free  of  pay  or  reward  Constitutes  a  grate  difference  of 
which  our  high  Courts  of  State  Legislation  throughout  British  entrusted  America  is  a  most  Con- 
spicuous Emblem  of;  therefore  not  to  be  set  upon  a  par  with  others  in  Service.  Degrading 
their  Illustrious  Dignity  with  Common  servants  of  the  State  upon  whome  suc'i  Imperial  Power 
Confidence  Honour  and  Dignity  is  not  Confered  as  it  is  upon  tiie  Riglit  Honorable  I^egislators  of  a 
Sovereign  State, — For  your  Solicittors  at  Congress  have  10,000  pounds  Granted  them  if  need  be 
Last  Court  I  am  told  your  ofiicers  &  Soldiers  your  Commissiaries  L  all  specially  Employed  in 
business  of  the  State  are  payd  their  wliole  Expence  your  Carters  &  waggoners  and  all  others  And  it 
is  the  imiversal  Practice  of  this  and  all  other  States  to  pay  in  full  for  y*  Expence  time  &c  and  why  I 


.l'v=t 


mi 


m 


Vol. 


IV. 


76 


aomaovnaT  aawEcnvo  the  kbvt  BAMpamBs  obamti. 

shoold  be  Exempted  I  know  not  so  Contrary  to  all  Custom  in  such  Cases  as  I  served  this  State  in— 
wherefore  I  most  humbly  pray  a  reconsideration  of  my  accompt  on  your  flies  and  that  I  be  payed 
one  Dollar  &  one  halfe  pr  Day  of  the  Spanish  kind  k  my  Horse  Hire  as  in  my  account  charged 
which  was  Esteemed  a  moderate  price :  then  by  your  Excellencys  own  mouth  to  me  and  others  &  if 
I  am  payd  in  Continental  I  Humbly  pray  for  an  Equitable  Equation  as  things  now  are  valued  in 
merchandizes  Jjand  production  &c  who  am  Sir  your  Excellencys  &  the  Honorable  Legislatures  most 
Humble  &  obed*.  Servant  and  Ever  true  Loyal  Subject  at  Command. 

Charles  Phelps. 

To  His  Excellency  Governor  Clinton  and  the  Honorable  Legislature  of  the  State  of  New  York  is 
most  Humbly  presented  this  my  second  adress  In  the  premises  Hoping  the  prayer  thereof  be  fully 
Granted. 

C.  Phelps. 

(Endorsed)  Read  in  Assemy.  Feby.  14t>>  1780  and  Committed 

to  Mess"  Palmer  Vrooman  &  Day. 

The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  Petition  of  Charles  Phelps  Esq'.  Praying  a  further 
allowance  for  certain  servises  therein  mentioned  Report  that  on  the  opinion  ot  your  Committee  that 
said  Charles  Phelps  has  been  amply  allowed  and  Paid  for  the  servises  alluded  to  in  the  Petition — 
That  therefore  no  further  allowance  ought  to  be  made  him. 


PETITION  OF  MICAH  TOWNSEND  AND  OTHERS. 

To  the  honorable  the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  the  State  of  New  York,  in  Legislature  convened. 

The  Petition  of  Micah  Townsend  of  Cumberland  County,  on  behalf  of  such  of  the  Inhabitants 
of  the  said  County  as  have  suffered  by  the  Disturbance  prevailing  in  the  Elastern  District  of 
this  State. 
Sheweth, 

That  since  the  Declaration  of  American  Independence,  a  great  number  of  the  Inhabitants  of  the 
said  District  have  been  disaffected  to  the  Government  of  this  State ;  and  have  contrary  to  their 
Allegiance  erected  tlie  Tract,  commonly  called  the  New  Hampshire  Grants,  into  an  independant 
Jurisdiction. 

That  to  prevent  the  Disaffection  from  becoming  general,  and  to  encoiuage  the  Inhabitants  which 
then  continued  loyal  to  this  State  in  the  Discharge  of  their  Duty,  as  subjects  thereof;  tlie  honorable 
the  Legislature  in  tlie  Month  of  February  in  the  year  1778,  did  pledge  the  Faith  of  this  State  "  to 
"concur  in  the  necessary  Measures  for  protecting  the  loyal  Inhabitants  of  this  State  residing  in  the 
"  Counties  of  Albany  Charlotte  Cumberland  and  Gloucester  in  their  Persons  and  Estates." 

That  a  number  of  the  Inhabitants  of  Cumberland  County,  relying  upon  the  Faith  of  the  State 
so  pledged  for  the  Protection  of  their  Persons  and  Estates,  have  continued  in  Allegiance  to,  a? 
remained  dutifVil  Subjects  of,  tliis  State. 

That  when  the  party  who  had  erected  a  seperate  Government  first  proceeded  to  take  the  Property 
of  the  loyal  Subjects  of  this  State,  the  latter  immediately  in  the  most  earnest  manner  petitioned  his 
Excellen*?y  the  Governor  (it  being  in  the  Recess  of  the  Legislature)  for  Protection.  That  they 
have  several  times  since  repeated  their  Requests  to  the  same  Purpose. 


oblirrabVEkinr  ttEarecTiiia  tbs  mew  HAMPSHiRk  oKAnifc. 


m 


ThM  DOtwHhbtahdlng  the  Promise  of  the  Legislature  above  mentioned,  and  their  several  applica- 
tions ibr  Protection,  Persons  acting  under  the  authority  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  hav^ 
imprisoned  a  large  number  of  the  most  respectable  Subjects  of  this  State  in  Cumberland  County,  (md 
have  taken  Pft>perty  from  a  considerable  number  of  others. 

That  the  Persons  who  have  thus  suffered  are  of  Opinion  that  the  Legislature  are  l>ound  in  Equity, 
lit  least  to  make  Compensation  for  the  Injuries  they  have  received  since  their  Petition  for  Protection ; 
andam^ority  of  them  have  requested  your  Petitioner  to  make  Application  to  the  honorable  the 
Legislature  therefor. 

Your  Petitioner  therefore  humbly  prays  that  the  honorable  the  Legislature  will  be  pleased  to 
take  into  Consideration  the  Injuries  the  Persons  aforesaid  have  received  by  the  State's  not  protecting 
them,  agreeable  to  the  joint  Resolution  of  the  Legislature  of  February  1778 ;  and  make  them 
a  reasonable  Compensation  for  the  Imprisonment  of  their  Persons,  and  Loss  of  their  Property  in 
Consequence  thereof. 

And  your  Petitioner  as  in  duty  boiud,  shall  ever  pray  &c. 

MiCAH  TOWMSENO. 

Kingston,  June  12th.  1730. 


N;;:i 


I    :i; 


ARTICLES  OP  UNION  AGREED  TO  AT  CAMBRIDGE, 

ANNO  1781. 

Proposed  by  Convention  composed  of  the  Representatives  from  the  several  Districts  of  Hoslck, 
Schaghtekocke,  Cambridge,  Saratoga,  Upper  Wliite  Creek,  Black  Creek,  Granvil,  Skeensboroiigh, 
Kingsbury,  Fort  Edward,  Little  Hosick  convened  at  Cambridge  aforesaid  this  9  May  1781  and  by 
adjt  to  the  1 5  of  the  same  Inclusive 

Article  1  That  the  District  or  Tract  of  Land  lying  north  of  a  Line  being  extended  from  the  North 
Line  of  tlie  Massachusets  to  Hudsons  River  and  South  of  Latitude  45  as  Comprehended  in  the  late 
Jurisdictional  Claim  by  the  Legislatiure  of  the  State  of  Vermont  be  Considered  as  part  of  the  State  &. 
the  Inhabitants  as  free  Citizens    Agreed  to 

2  That  the  whole  of  the  Military  force  of  the  State  of  Vermont  (as  occasion  may  require)  shall  be 
exerted  in  our  defence  as  free  dizens  against  any  Insurrection,  Incursion  whatsoever  but  especially 
against  the  Common  Enemy    Agreed  to 

S  That  application  he  made  by  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  Vermont  to  the  Congress  to  h6 
admitted  into  Union  with  them  as  soon  as  Circumstances  will  admit    Agreed  to 

4  That  as  the  People  within  the  aforesaid  late  Claim  have  been  called  upon  and  paid  a  Consid- 
erable part  of  the  Contenental  Taxes  into  the  Treasury  of  New  York  shall  have  credit  for  the 
same  in  case  Vermont  at  some  future  period  should  be  called  upon  to  pay  their  proportion  of 
money  emitted  by  Congress 

Agreed  to  provided  the  services  done  by  Vermont  in  the  present  war  be  included 

Reply  agreed  to  provided  the  expence  of  the  said  District  in  the  present  war  be  likewise  included 

5  That  all  actions  depending  with  the  late  Claim  be  transferred  in  the  situation  they  shall  be  in  at 
the  Time  of  Completing  the  Union  to  Courts  that  may  be  tlien  forthwith  erected  under  the  authority 
of  Vermont  without  Costs  to  the  parties  other  than  would  have  accrued  had  they  been  Terminated 
in  Courts  under  Jurisdiction  of  New  York    Agreed  to 


kit 


m 


004 


OONTRUVBBSV   KESPECTIMO   THE  MEW   UAMFSUIHK  ORANTf. 


3  That  the  Change  of  Jurisdiction  shall  not  be  understood  to  affect  or  Aleaniate  private  property 
Agreed  to 
Articles  proposed  by  Legislatur 

1  That  the  Independence  of  Vermont  be  held  Sacred  and  no  member  of  the  Legislature  give  his 
Vote  or  otherwise  use  his  endeavours  to  obtain  any  act  or  Resolution  of  the  Assembly  that  shall 
endanger  the  existence  Independence  or  well  being  of  said  State  by  referring  its  Independence  to  the 
Arbitrament  of  any  Power    Agreed  to 

2  That  whensoever  this  State  becomes  United  with  the  American  States  and  there  should  be  any 
dispute  between  this  and  any  of  tlie  United  States  respecting  Boundary  Lines,  tlie  Legislature  of 
Vermont  will  then  (as  tliey  liave  ever  proposed)  submit  to  Congress  or  such  other  Tribunal  as  may 
be  mutually  agreed  upon  for  the  settlement  of  such  disputes    Agreed  to 

Tlie  foregoing  Ai'ticles  severally  mutually  agreed  to  by  the  Convention  and  Committee  at 
Cambridge  IS"*  May  1781. 

John  Rougers  Cli.  of  Convention 

Moses  Robinson  Ch.  Com. 
Attest.    Jonas  Fay  Clk  Com. 


m 


JUDGE  YATES  TO  GOV.  CLINTON. 

Albany  ffebruary  24«'>  1782. 

Sir  The  Legislature  of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,  in  their  present  Session  have  relin- 
quished their  Eastern  and  Western  extent  of  Jurisdiction.  The  adherents  to  the  constitutional 
Jurisdiction  of  this  State  who  had  groaned  under  their  arbitrary  and  oppressive  Government 
immediately  thereupon  exerted  themselves  in  apprehending  the  supporters  of  this  usurpation. 

I  do  myself  tlie  honor  of  inclosing  to  your  Excellency  a  List  of  the  names  of  persons  so  taken, 
and  the  cliarges  against  tliem,  and  who  in  consequence  of  ray  mittimus  are  now  in  actual  custody, 
and  I  liave  reason  to  believe  that  many  more  will  be  taken.  The  charges  are  of  such  a  nature,  as 
to  admit  of  a  Doubt  whether  they  can  be  bailed.  The  insignificancy  of  character  or  influence,  or  the 
ignorance  of  many  who  have  revolted  against  the  Government  of  this  State,  may  possibly  afford  a 
sufficient  reason  to  government  to  direct  an  indulgence  to  those,  whicli  might  be  justly  withheld 
from  the  principal  aiders  and  abettors,  and  for  wliich  the  Law  as  it  now  stands  has  made  no 
provision. 

I  had  with  me  this  morning  Generals  Enox  &  Safford  and  M'  Ezra  Stiles,  who  were  directed  by 
the  Legislature  of  Vermont,  by  a  Resolution  (a  copy  whereof  I  herewith  inclose)  to  endeavor  to  get 
an  Indemnity  for  those  people.  I  told  them,  that  I  conceived,  the  Legislature  of  tliis  State,  who 
consider  their  assumption  of  Legislative  power  in  Vermont  as  an  usurpation  would  not  upon  the 
grounds  of  such  Resolutions  "admit  of  their  application.  For  these  reasons,  to  which  they  assented 
they  intend  to  return  home. 

The  Business  of  attending  to  the  commitment  of  these  Delinquents  together  with  that  of  receiving 

the  accounts  of  the  sufferers  by  the  Depredation  of  the  Enemy,  and  what  are  not  all  as  yet  collected 

makes  ray  stay  in  Town  for  some  Time  necessary,  and  I  could  wish  that  my  attendance  on  the  Council 

of  Revision  for  these  Reasons  niiglit  be  dispensetl  with. 

I  am  with  the  greatest  respect  Your  Excellency's  most  obedient  frend  &  Servant 

Robert  Yates. 
His  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esq'  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York. 


OOMTBOVftMY   HUPKCTI1I0  THE  MKW  HAMnUIkE  SRAlin. 


005 


LIST  OP  THE  PERSONS  IN  CUSTODY  BY  MITTIMta  OF  JUDGE  YATES. 


For  holding  Military  Commissions  under  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,  and  as  officers  opposing 
the  Government  and  authority  of  this  State  William  Sharp,  Francis  Nye. 

For  having  by  force  and  arms  opposed  the  Government  and  authority  of  tliis  State,  Benjamin 
Duel,  Lowrance  Tenseler,  Jedediuh  Crytenton,  Jolin  Pennel,  Jolm  Tensler,  William  Murray, 
Daniel  Clyde. 

For  having  acted  by  Commissions  under  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  John  Snyder  Jun' . 

For  having  accepted  and  exercised  tlie  office  of  Grand  Juror  under  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont 
George  Witsel. 

For  having  accepted  the  office  of  Constable  under  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont,  and  acting  as 
such  to  the  oppression  of  tlie  subjects  of  this  State.    Bernard  Hyat. 

Committed  the  22J  &  23^  day  of  tebx  1782. 


I  1 

1 1. 


SUBMISSION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  CAMBRIDGE  TO  NEW  YORK. 

To  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  Senate,  &  Assembly  now  Conveened  at  Poughkeepsy  in 
the  State  of  New  York. 

The  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  most  Immbly  sheweth. 

That  Whereas  a  number  of  unhappy  People  Inhabiting  a  District  of  Land  West  of  the  New 
Hampshire  Grants  &  East  of  Hudsons  River  which  was  Claimed  by  the  State  of  Vermont  last 
Winter  The  said  People  having  the  greatest  Apprehension  of  total  Destruction  having  all  their 
Forts  burnt  &  Destroyed  &  no  force  on  their  Frontiers  Adequate  to  withstand  the  Enemy  from 
Canada  there  being  an  open  road  for  them  whicli  tliey  could  easily  occupy  by  having  tlie  Command 
of  the  Waters  of  Lake  Champlain  &  many  of  said  People's  Dearest  Relations  being  Already  in 
Captivity  without  hope  of  present  Redemption  &  having  been  once  most  Grievously  Harrassed  by 
flying  before  the  Enemy  in  1777  out  of  which  Distress  said  People  is  not  yet  Recovered.  So  tliat 
they  were  not  unacquainted  with  the  Hardships  of  leaving  their  Habitations  which  they  dreaded  as 
they  must  suffer  in  tlieir  Persons  &  families  as  they  liad  nothing  to  sustain  them  abroad. — In  the 
midst  of  these  Terrible  Views  &  Apprehensions  Vermont  Solicited  [them]  to  acced  to  their  Juris- 
diction &  unite  with  them  to  which  a  great  part  of  said  District  acceded  as  thinking  it  tlie  only  mean 
left  tor  tlieir  preservation  Considering  tlieir  Local  situation  which  Jurisdiction  has  for  some  time 
been  Exercised  by  them  over  said  People,  till  the  last  Session  of  Assembly  of  said  Vermont  voted 
that  the  Resolves  of  Congress  of  the  seventh  &  twenty  first  of  August  last  had  Eventually  Established 
the  bounds  of  Vermont  &  of  Consequence  the  Unions  were  Disolved. — &  as  Congress  in  their  great 
Wisdom  have  Determined  that  we  must  still  Continue  under  tlie  Government  of  New  York  we 
heartily  acquiesce  in  their  Determination  &  pray  that  we  may  be  Restored  to  our  former  Allegience 
under  tlie  State  of  New  York  (our  Deception  was  great  our  Return  is  hearty.) — And  as  acts  of 


«oe 


OOrrftOTEMV   ftBIMCTIMa  TMl  MtW  MAMNHIMl  •ft*in%. 


Lenity  &  Mercy  Dignifies  the  Human  Nature  more  than  strict  Justice  we  doubt  not  but  that  you  in 
Your  Clemency  &  Goodness  will  Restore  us  to  our  former  Situation  that  thereby  we  may  be  Ren- 
dered more  Serviceable  to  tlie  United-States  of  America,  and  to  the  State  of  New  York  in 
Particular,  &  yoiu:  Petitioners  as  in  duty  bound  shall  ever  pray. 

Signed, 


Cambridge  !•>  March  1782. 


JoNATHN.  Waldo, 
JuBiAH  Dewey, 

FORTUNATUB  ShEARMAN, 

Com*M  of  Convention  for  said  District. 


SUBMISSION  OF  THE  PEOPLE  OF  GRANDVIL  TO  NEW  YORK. 


ui' 


To  his  Excellency  the  Governor  &  the  Honourable  Senate  and  Assembly  of  the  State  of 
New- York. 

Tlie  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  Inhabitants  of  Granvil  Humbly  Sheweth— 

That  your  Petitioners  have  been  Exposed  to  tlie  Invatlons  and  Depredations  of  the  Enemy  sincf 
the  year  1776  and  since  the  Evacuation  of  Ticonderoga  have  had  only  a  small  Guard  at  Scheens- 
borough  till  in  the  Spring  of  1780  :  Since  that  your  Petitioners  have  been  Entirely  Destitute  of  any 
Socor  notwithstanding  the  many  Petitions  and  Remonstrances  Repeating  the  same — 

That  your  Petitioners  have  been  for  the  three  Last  Campains  almost  Constantly  in  alarms  which 
hath  rendered  them  in  a  most  Deplorable  Condition  So  that  there  are  Numbers  of  farailys  now  among 
us  who  have  scarce  one  Bushel  of  Grain  to  support  them  nor  is  their  any  to  be  \*urchased  within 
twenty  miles  Distance 

That  under  these  Distressing  Circumstances  and  the  tnsenuation  of  Artfhll  and  tlesignilig  taeb 
your  Petitioners  were  Seduced  to  Swerve  from  the  allegiance,  not  from  any  Desire  of  Leaveing  the 
State  Could  we  have  been  Protected  But  we  trust  yoiir  Excellency  and  the  honourable  Body  will 
again  Receive  us,  and  over  look  what  your  Distressed  Subjects  have  Done  Hoping  for  the  future  we 
shall  take  Care  how  wee  are  Led  by  any  Designing  men  and  remain  happy  subjects  under  your 
Protection 

Your  Petitioners  most  humbly  Prays  that  your  Excellency  and  the  Honourable  Senate  and 
assembly  will  take  our  Case  into  Consideration  and  not  only  Pardon  them  of  their  Transgression 
But  afford  them  some  Defence  for  the  Ensewing  Campaign  and  your  Petitioners  as  in  Duty  bound 
will  Ever  Pray. 

Dated  Granvil,  March  y«  4  A  D  1782. 


Moses  Sawyer 
Diiniel  Curtice 
Asaph  Cook 
Hpiiry  WadkcDi 
Benjt)  Baker 
David  Doane 
Gideon  Allen 
Eliphead  Parker 
Aaron  Smith 
Mk»h  Griffith 


Peter  Harinton 
Moses  Powers 
Joseph  Barker 
Thomas  Griffith 
.Tosiah  Mix 
Sam 'II  Hnrndou 
James  Covcl 
Isa'li  Bennett 
Tlifod's  Norton 


Jonathan  Ilarnden 
Ehn'r  Walker 
Ichabead  Parker 
Jolm  Biitenian 
James  Otes 
Peter  Grover 
Abraham  Vandurco 
Jolm  Groyor 
John  Barnes 


David  Blokslee 
John  Walker 
John  Spring 
Solomon  Baker 
Thomas  Grefes 
Joseph  Uerinton 
Ebeneser  Gould 
Jease  Atwater 
Ueiu  Williams 


OOMTMTBMT  BliraOTIlia  TUB  IIBW  HAMK 


e  oaAMT*. 


•07 


SUBMISSION  OP  THE  PEOPLE  OF  WHITE  CREEK  TO  NEW  YORK. 

To  His  Excellency  George  Clinton  Esquire  &  the  Honorable  the  Senate  and  Assvio  >l;  f  the 
State  of  New- York,  the  petition  of  the  Subscribers  most  Humbly  sheweth — 

That  your  Petitioners  have  been  ever  since  their  settling  in  this  County  FaithiUll  subjects  to  the 
Stat*  of  New  York  &  notwitiistandlng  numt)er8  of  this  County  having  gone  over  to  Vermont  yett 
such  as  have  shewn  themselves  friend  to  the  Common  cause  &  appear  to  Bee  Truly  penetant  for 
their  misconduct,  we  would  Recommend  to  your  Excellency  &  Legislature  for  pity  ;  that  altho  they 
have  swerved  From  their  allejance  to  this  state  yet  they  have  shown  themselves  To  be  all  ways  in 
rediness  to  oppose  our  Enemy  ;  we  would  therefore  Request  that  your  Excellency,  &  the  Honorable 
Legislature  Will  take  there  Case  into  Consideration  &  restore  them  to  their  former  Privalages  &  as 
in  duty  bound  shall  Ever  pray. 

White  Creek  March  5*^  1782. 


John  Armstrong  Otpt 
John  Honry 
Edward  Savage 
John  Qray 


Matthew  M  Whorter 
Robert  FcnnoU 
Alexander  Turner 
Pelatiah  Fitch  Jnnr 


Joshua  Oonkey 
Tboi  Armstrong 
Robert  Boyd 
Alesr  Kennedy 


Samuel  Whorter 
Thomai  Lyon 
Sanford  Smith 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  COMMITTEES  OP  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

Poughkeepsie  May  6ti>  1782. 

Gentlemen  Your  Petition  dated  the  26ti>  April  last  was  presented  to  me  by  M'  Shepherdson 
your  Agent  in  answer  to  whicli  I  would  assure  you  that  as  soon  as  the  Council  of  appointment  can  be 
convened  I  shall  use  my  best  endeavours  that  the  requisite  civil  and  military  officers  be  appointed  for 
the  Towns  you  represent  agreable  to  your  Request. 

In  the  mean  time  I  transmit  you  copies  of  two  acts,  passed  by  the  Legislature  at  their  last  Meeting, 
from  which  it  will  appear  that  altho'  the  State  is  determined  not  to  Relinquish  it's  Right  of 
Jurisdiction  to  the  Country  distinguished  by  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  unless  Congress  should 
agreeable  to  our  Act  of  Submission  Judicially  determine  it  not  to  be  compreliended  within  our 
Boundaries,  yet  that  we  are  disposed  to  every  measure  for  confirming  the  Inhabitants  in  their 
Titles  and  Possessions  as  to  Right  of  Soil  and  for  healing  animosities,  which  either  Justice  Expe- 
diency or  even  Generosity  can  dictate  ;  and  I  would  wish  that  these  Copies  might  he  as  diffusively 
and  expeditiously  dispersed  as  possible  throughout  the  whole  of  the  Grants ;  as  I  flatter  myself  that 
the  Inhabiunts  will  be  thereby  convinced  that  while  we  resolve  to  maintain  that  autiiority 
which  is  essential  to  the  Peace  and  Welfare,  not  only  of  this  State,  but  of  the  whole  Confederacy. 
We  never  had  it  in  contemplation  to  deprive  Individuals  of  their  Property  and  that  under  this 
Conviction  every  Cause  of  Jealousy  will  cease  and  the  Inhabitants  will  return  to  their  allegiance 
to  tills  State ;  and  I  would  particularly  recommend  in  order  that  they  may  entitle  themselves  to  the 
security,  with  respect  to  their  Titles  and  Possessions,  intended  by  one  of  the  Acts,  that  Agents  or 
Deputies  may  ho  elected  in  the  Towns  conformadable  thereto  and  I  pledge  myself  that  Commissioners 
will  be  immediately  appointed  and  every  other  measure  taken  on  the  part  of  this  State  for  carrying 
the  good  intentions  of  the  Legislature  into  effect. 


608 


cmrmorBiiiv  RtcvtcriNa  the  kbw  nammhirii  orant*. 


It  may  not  be  Impmper  for  rae  to  remind  you  that  Congresn  by  tlieir  act  of  the  H*^  September 
1770  exprestily  declare  it  to  be  tlie  Duty  of  the  People  inliabitiug  on  tlio  Grants  to  abstain  from 
exercising  any  Power  over  any  Inhabitants  who  pruft-ss  to  owe  allegiance  to  this  State  and  tliat  tliis 
State  ought  to  suspend  executing  its  Law  over  any  of  tlie  Inhabitants  except  such  as  proiess 
themselves  to  l)o  its  Subjects.  Tids  State  lias  during  the  wliole  of  the  Time  since  the  Controversy 
was  submitted  to  Coni^^ress  hitherto  strictly  observed  this  Keconuuendation  of  Congress  ;  and  should 
any  Person  umler  ])retence  of  authority  from  the  assumed  Government  attempt  to  enforce  their 
Laws,  you  will  perceive  that  Resistance  l)y  force  is  in  every  point  of  view  Justifiable  and  the  Faith 
and  Honor  of  Congress  is  pledged  for  your  support. 

You  doubtless  are  apprised  that  tliere  is  tlie  fullest  Evidence  of  a  criminal  and  dangerous  Inter- 
course between  some  of  the  Leaders  in  tlie  assumed  Goverimient  and  tlie  common  Enemy  and 
this  I  trust  will  be  an  additional  Inducement  with  such  who  profess  to  be  friends  to  the  Cause  of 
America  to  interest  themselves  in  prevailing  witli  their  fellow  citizens  to  return  to  their  allegiance 
and  by  that  means  disappoint  tlie  views  of  a  Combination  who  from  motives  of  self  Inter»'st  and 
ambition  would  enter  into  a  league  with  the  Enemy  and  sacrifice  the  Liberties  of  their  Country. 

Should  those  overtures  be  rejected  and  prove  inefl'ectual  for  tlie  reestablish  men  t  of  Peaci  and 

good  Government  and  should  Congress  delay  or  wholly  decline  to  decide  on  the  Question  of  Huun- 

dary,  it  is  evident  that  tlie  State  has  no  alternative  left,  but  must  necessarily  liavj  recourte  to 

compulsory  means  to  maintain  those  Rights  and  enforce  that  authority  so  essential  to  our  fiituro 

Peace  and  Security.  • 

I  am  with  great  Respect  &  Regard  Gentlemen  Your  most  obed»  serv* 

Geo:  Clinton. 
To  the  Gentlemen  of  the  Convention  of  Committees 

from  the  Towns  of  Brattleborough  Guilford  & 

Halifax  In  Cumberland    County. 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  JOEL  BIGELOW  ESQ. 

Pokeepsie  IS**"  September  1782. 

Sir  From  the  Conversation  between  us  you  are  already  apprized  of  the  Measures  I  have  taken 
in  Consequence  of  the  Information  I  received  relative  to  the  late  outrage  committed  by  the  Inhab- 
itants on  the  Grants  who  oppose  the  Government  of  this  State  and  you  may  be  assured  the  moment 
I  am  informed  of  the  Effects  these  Measures  may  produce  I  shall  communicate  them  to  you — until 
the  Result  of  the  present  application  to  Congress  I  would  as  heretofore  recommended  to  our  Friends 
still  to  persevere  in  the  Line  of  Conduct  pointed  out  by  the  Resolve  of  Congress  in  abstaining  from 
ail  acts  of  Force  or  Violence  except  when  their  immediate  self  Defence  shall  compel  them  to  have 
Recourse  to  resistance  by  Arms.  At  tiie  same  Time  should  the  Government  of  the  pretended  State 
continue  to  hold  the  Prisoners  in  Conflnemeut  1  wotild  then  think  it  Justifiable  and  advisable  that 
attempts  should  be  made  for  their  Release,  and  if  this  cannot  be  effected  then  that  an  equal 
number  of  the  Insurgents  should  be  taken  &  brought  to  this  or  any  other  Place  of  Security  in  the 
State  where  tliey  can  be  declined  as  Hostages  for  the  security  and  Indemnity  of  the  subjects  of 
this  State  whom  they  have  made  Prisoners  of 

I  am  Sir  your  most  obed*  Serv* 

M'  Joel  Biglow.  Gro;  Cmnton. 


SOMTBOVSMV   lUPKCTlNS  THS  MKW   lUMMIUBa  •««»». 


J09 


GOV.  CLINTON  TO  THE  CONVENTION  OF  CUMBERLAND  CO. 

Pokropsle  27>h  September  1782. 

Gentlemen    Yon  doubtless  bavc  been  Informed  by  M'  BIglow  that  I  immediately  transmitted  an 

account  of  tlie  late  Oiitragc  committed  by  Ktlian  Allen,  and  others  on  the  suhjecis  of  this  State  and 

Cumberland  County  to  our  Delegates  at  Philadelphia  to  bo  i)y  them  CDnimuniratcd  to  Congress  and 

requesting  the  immediate  InteriKisitlon  of  Coiigreiis  tor  your  Protection,  luid  for  the  preservation  of 

the  puhlii  Peace.     I  have  this  tltiy  received  an  answer  from  the  Deligiitrs  which  M'  BIglow  Jiiis 

perused  and  from  which  it  appears  that  altho  there  was  not  sullleient  Time  when  my  Messenger 

left  Philadelphia  for  the  CongreNS  to  come  to  any  DeternUnuton  on  tlie  Intelligenct*  yet  that  tliere  was 

every  Reason  to  believe  they  will  immediately  interpose  and  exert  their  autliority  for  your  Relief  and 

Protection  and  you  may  be  assured  that  the  moment  I  um  favored  witli  their  Determination  it  shall 

be  forwarded  to  you.     In  the  mean  Time  I  will  still  earnestly  recommend  to  you  to  persevere  in  the 

peaceable  Line  of  Conduct  which  you  have  hitherto  C'bserved  and  not  to  have  recourse  to  Violence 

or  Force  unless  when  the  immediate  Defence  of  your  Person  or  Property  render  it  necessary  and 

by  no  means  in  order  to  avert  the  apprehensions  which  you  experience  ut  present  (and  which  I 

■Inceiely  regret)  to  submit  to  the  usurpation  or  to  swerve  from  your  Duty  or  Allegiance  . 

I  um  Gentlemen  with  great  Respect  &  Esteem  your  most  obed'  serv' 

Geo.  Clinton 
Addressed, 

To  the  Gentlemen  forming  a  Convention  of  the  Comittees  of 

the  Towns  of  Guilford,— Halifax  Brattleborough,  &«  &< 

&■  Cumberlaud  County. 


PETITION  OP  COL.  CHURCH 

IN  BEHALF  OF  HIMSELF  AND  OTHEBS  OF  THE  VERMONT  SUFFERERS. 

To  his  Excellency  the  Governor  and  the  Honourable  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  New  York,  the 
Petition  of  the  Subscribers,  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  otli^rs  most  Humbly  Sheweth, 

That  yoiu:  Petitioners  and  those  they  represent  are  Inhabitants  of  Cumberland  County  and  by  their 
attachment,  zeal  and  activity  in  Endeavouring  to  support  tiie  Just  and  Lawfull  Authority  of  New 
York  Incurred  a  Displeasure  from  those  who  stiled  themselves  Freemen  of  Vermont,  But  by  the 
encouragement  from  the  several  Resolutions  of  Congress  and  Particularly  that  of  the  fifth  of  December 
1782,  and  the  laws  and  Resolutions  of  the  State  of  New  York,  your  Petitioners  were  induced  to 
believe  that  the  Lawless  and  nngratefull  usurpers  would  be  brought  to  submitt  to  its  Lawfull 
authority,  or  at  least  to  permitt  your  Petitioners  to  remain  peaceably  on  their  Farms,  under  the 
Jurisdiction  of  New  York,  But  notwithstanding  the  Resolutions  and  Laws,  these  Lawless  usurpers, 
raised  In  Arms  to  the  Number  of  four  or  five  Hundred,  Drove  some  of  your  Petitioners  from  their 
habitations,  Imprisoned  others,  killed  one,  and  wounded  others,  confiscated  their  Estates  and  sold 
their  Effects. 


Vol..  rv. 


77 


610 


OOXTBOTIMT  BaSTSCriMO  THE  KBW  BAMnHUlB  OBAHn. 


Your  Petitioners  cannot  but  hope  that  having  thus  sacrificed  their  all,  suffered,  such  exquisite 
Tortures,  Banishments,  Imprisonments  in  loathsom  Goals,  lialf  starved,  and  threatened  with  being 
put  to  Ignominious  Deaths,  But,  that  your  Honours  will  talce  their  case  into  your  most  serious 
Consideration,  and  grant  them  some  relief  in  their  Deplorable  Situation,  and  your  Petitioners  as 
in  duty  bound  will  ever  be  good  Citizens  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

Timothy  Church,  Col"., 
Wm.  Shattuck,  Maj'., 
New  York  24ti>  Feb'y  1786.  Henry  Evans,  Maj'. 


A  LIST  OP  THE  CIVIL  AND  MILITARY  OFFICERS 

In  the  County  of  Cumberland  who  were  Commissioned  by  the  State  of  New  York,  and  who 
have  been  either  Imprisoned  Banished  or  have  had  their  Efects  taken  from  them  by  the 
Authority  of  Vermont  and  also  the  amount  of  their  losses,  Estimated  by  a  Committee  on  Oath. 


Civil  OlEcen. 

MUIlary  OSiccn. 

Number  of 

Amount  of  Damage! 

Privates. 

Sustained. 

Timothy  Phelps  Sheriff, 
Blijlh  Prouty, 

Timothy  Church  Colo. 
Wm.  Shattuok  Majr. 

6«id1.  BigbT, 

Danl.  Shepheudion,  Jai- 

Henry  Krans      do 
Joseph  I'eok  Capn. 

tiSM  of  FCM*. 

Tho>.  Baker     do 

Josrph  Ellet     do 

Upward  of 

Sixteen  Tbaasand 

Danl.  Ashoraftdo 

ouhundnd 

Six  Hundred   and 

Artomas  How  do 

Sixty-three  poundi 

Wm.  White  Lieut. 

Thirteen    SbilliDgi 

Elibu  Root       do 

•nd  Eight  penes. 

Isaac  Wells      do 

Danl.  Danilson  do 

John  Alexander  Lieut. 

Francis  Proughty    do 

Isaac  Crosiiy            do 

Jonathan  AlcxanderEnsIgn 

Simion  Tcrrel              do 

David  Lamb               do 

Joshua  Kuss                do 

Ruben  Church             do 

Joel  Bigeloe  Adjutut. 

We  and  each  of  us  do  most  Solemnly  and  Sincerely  Swear  and  Declare  in  the  presence  of  Almighty 
God,  that  the  above  is  to  the  best  of  our  Knowledge  and  belief  a  Just  and  True  account  of  tlie 
names  and  Members  of  officers  Both  Civil  &  Military  the  numbers  of  Privates  as  nearly  as  can  be 
ascertained,  and  the  amount  of  the  Damages. 

Timothy  Church, 
Wm.  Shattuck, 

Henry  Evami. 

Sworn  the  28u>  day  of  Febr  1786  before 

Jno.  xiow  Hobart. 


OMTFROTERSY   RE8PECTINO   THE  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  eBAMTS.  811 


STATE  OF  NEW  YORK  RESOLVES  TO  PROVIDE  FOR  THE  VERMONT  SUFFERERS. 

State  of  New  York 
In  Senate  March  the  !••.  1786. 

M'.  L'Hommedieu  from  the  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  Petition  of  Col".  Timoth  Church 
Major  William  Shattack  and  Major  Henry  Evans  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  others,  Inhabitants 
of  Cumberland  County  reported,  that  it  appears  to  the  Committee  that  the  Petitioners  with  many 
others  liolding  offices  both  civil  &  Military  imder  the  Authority  of  tliis  State,  with  otlier  inliabitants 
of  the  said  County  have  greatly  suffered  in  their  persons  and  Estates  and  are  still  subject  to  heavy 
fines  imposed  by  the  Authority  of  the  Assumed  State  of  Vermont  for  no  other  Crime  than  supporting 
the  lawful  Authority  of  this  State  in  the  said  County  which  from  time  to  time  have  done  in  pur- 
suance of  sundry  Resolutions  of  Congress  the  Several  Laws  of  this  State  and  tlie  directions  of  their 
Superiors  in  Office,  that  the  Petitioners  with  others  whom  tliey  represent,  being  deprived  in  a  great 
measure  of  the  means  of  subsistence  and  having  become  odious  to  the  present  Government  of  the 
said  Assumed  State  by  reason  of  their  supporting  the  Laws  of  this  State  in  the  said  County  are 
unable  to  continue  longer  in  the  said  County  without  the  greatest  inconvenience  to  themselves 
and  families,  and  are  desirous  of  removing  immadiately  into  the  western  parts  of  this  State,  Provided 
they  could  procure  vacant  lands  fit  for  cultivation.  That  in  the  Opinion  of  your  Committee  the 
said  Petitioners  and  others  whom  they  represent  have  a  Claim  on  tlie  State  for  some  compensation  for 
their  sufferings  and  Losses,  and  that  it  will  be  proper  for  the  State  to  Grant  to  the  Petitioners  and 
the  Persons  they  Represent  a  quantity  of  vacant  land  equivalent  to  a  Township  of  Eight  miles 
squai-e  which  report  he  read  in  his  place  a»d  delivered  the  same  in  at  the  Table  where  it  was  again 
read  and  agreed  to  by  the  Senate  thereupon, 

Resolved'{\f  the  Honourable  the  Assembly  concur  herein)  That  the  Legislature  during  their  present 
meeting  will  make  Provision  for  Granting  to  Col».  Timothy  Church  Major  William  Shattack  Major 
Henry  Evans  and  about  one  hundred  other  Persons  wliom  tliey  represent  a  Quantity  of  Vacant  Lands 
equal  to  a  Township  of  Eight  Miles  Square. 

Ordered  that  M».  Roosevelt  deliver  a  Copy  of  the  preceeding  Resolution  to  the  Honourable  the 
Assembly. 

Extract  Abm.  B.  Banker,  Clk. 

State  of  New  York 
In  Assembly  March  1»'  1786. 
Resolved  that  this  House  do  concur  with  the  Honorable  the  Senate  in  the  preceeding  Resolution. 
Ordered  that  M'.  Goforth  deliver  a  Copy  of  the  last  preceeding  Resolution  of  Concurrence  to  the 
Honorable  the  Senate. 

A  Copy  John  McKesson  Clk 


i 


'  ihi 


1  '» 1 


t4'| 


919 


OOHTKOTEBIT  RUPlCTINa   THX  NEW  HAMmHIlX  QIAMTS. 


LIST  OP  VERMONT  SUFFERERS 

WHO  OBTAINED  LAND   IN   THE  TOWNSHIP  OF   CLINTON,   (nOW   BAINBRIDGE)   CHENANGO   COUNTY   N.    Y. 

Persons  Deemed  by  the  Commissioners  of  the  Land  Office,  Sufferers  in  Opposing  the  Government 
of  the  pretended  State  of  Vermont  with  the  proportion  of  Land  adjudged  to  each  set  Opposite  to 
their  respective  names  together  with  the  Number  of  the  Lots  Ballotted  to  them  respectively  by  the 
Secretary  in  the  presence  of  the  Board. 


[From  Land  Papers  endorsed  Petitions  of  Vermont  SnAren] 


Naine> 
Timothy  Church 
William  Sliattuck 
Francis  Prouty 
Tiiaac  Kendcll 
William  AVhlto 
Joseph  Peck 
Daniel  Ashcroft 
Thos.  Baker 
Saml.  Bixby 
Heitekiah  Stowell 
Orlanda  Bridgraan 
Samuel  Clai-k 
Ephraim  Knapp 
Artems.  How 
David  How 
Reuben  Smith 
Samuel  Meldy 
Jonath.  S.  Alexander 
James  Davidson 
James  Wallace 
David  Lamb 
Jacob  Stoddard 
Samuel  Earl 
Elisha  Pierce 
Eleazer  Church 
R  B  Church 
Joseph  Chamberlln 
Oliver  Teal 
John  Adams 
Charles  Packer 
Jonathan  Stoddard  jun. 
Benjamin  Bnllow 
Jose|)h  Wells 
Asa  Packer 
Caleb  Nurse 
David  Tliurber  junr. 
Jonath.  Stoddard 
Amos  Yeaw 
Eleazer  Tobe 
David  Culver 
Josiah  Price 
Newel  Earl 
Joseph  Coleman 
David  Thurbcr 
Dsvid  Thurbcr 
Asa  Stowell 
Edmund  Beamol 
Abrnham  Avery 
AVilliam  Gault 
Sell)  Clark 
John  Alden 
James  Packer 
Henry  Evens 
John  Alexander 
Isaac  Crosby 
Renban  Church 
Noah  Shepherdson 
Joel  Bifcelow 
Joahna  Nam 


Acres 
8840 
f.200 
1180) 

loot 

610 
640 
G40 
260) 
880  5 
840  > 
260  > 
180  S 
1001 
200  I 
170  f 
170  J 
420) 
220  { 
600 
140 
800 
170 
170 
200  > 
260  > 
180  S 
880) 
260$ 
1601 
160  I 
160  f 
ICO  J 
860) 
280$ 
240) 
200  i 
200  i 
210) 
210  > 
220  i 
200) 
200  > 
2M) 
040 
200 
2 

200 
430 
210 
160 
160 
820 
1020 
280) 
180  V 
180^ 
90 
860 
100 


N".  47.35.60.00.71.84 

N".  86.63.65.82.78 

for  Prouty  N".  62 

fur     do    It  Kendell  N*.  M 

N".  83 

N".  68 

N".  88 

N».  81 

for  Stowell  No.  87 

for     do.    Biidgm  It  Clark  N*.78 


N».  68 

N".  98 
N«.  80 

N».  89 

N°.  97 
N».  66 

N".  64 

N".  88 
N*.  94 

N".  93 


N»   74 


OOMTROVERSY    RESFECTIMG    THE   NEW   MAMFSHIRB  GRAMTS. 


eis 


Nunei  Acre* 

Natht.  Carpenter  280  ) 

Samuel  Colefax  180  > 

.Tothan  Bigclow  180  ) 

Charles  Pliclps  508  > 

Nathan  Avery  132  5 

Timothy  Plielps  280 

Samuel  Cutworth  180 

John  Burrows  180 

Daniel  Shepherdson  280 

Moses  Yeaw  180 

Israel  Field  180 

Elijah  Prouty  465 

Jonathan  Dunkly  175 

Hezckiah  Broad  850 

Benjan  Baker  07 

Ephraim  Rice  97 

Joseph  Garsey  90 

Joseph  Shepherdson  263 

Jonathan  Church  217 

John  Collins  160 

Samuel  Noble  214 

Thos.  Whipple  214  \ 

Adonijah  Putnam  212  ) 

Icabod  Parker  214  ) 

Amos  York  junr.  214  > 

Nathan  Culver  212  ) 

Elisha  Clark  100  5 

Caleb  Ellis  180  I 

Elijah  Curtis  180  f 

Isaac  Slatter  180  J 

Daniel  Whitney  1801 

Artemus  Goodcnough  180  I 

Joseph  Whipple  180  ( 

DcauChace  100  j 

John  Gault  280  ) 

Hal  Salsbury  180  } 

Samuel  Curtis  180  ^ 

Aseph  Carpenter  850 ' 

Matthew  Ellis  97 

Asa  Clark  97 

Ithamer  Goodenough  96, 

Cyrryl  Carpenter  220 " 

Henry  Evens  100 

Paul  NicoUs  140 

Daniel  Wilkins  90 

Shabal  Bullock  90, 

David  Goodenough  340 

Edward  Carpenter  800 


N».  96 
N".  42 
NO.  70 

N'.  96 
N".  44 

N".  100 

N".  67 
N".  91 
N".  62 

N".  98 

N».  67 
N".  69 
N°.  69 

N".  41 
N».  49 


<i 


Lota  not  drawn  N".  43.45.46.54.61.72.75.76.85.99. 


Philip  Frisbce 
Ephraim  Guthrie 
Goold  Bacon 
Joseph  Landers 


Samuel  Frisbee 
Eben  Landers, 
Heman  Stone 
Koderick  Moore 


Philip  Frisbee  junr 
Seth  Stone 
Nathl  Benton  jr. 
and  their  Associate*. 


By  Act  of  the  20i>>  March  1788  are  to  have  grauts  for  the  Lots  N°  45  &  61  in  Clinton  Township 
on  their  applying  for  the  same. 

The  following  persons  also  had  grants,  viz  : — Isaac  Crosby  ;  Israel  Smith ;  Henry  Morgan  j  Col. 
Seth  Smith — 780  acres ;  James  Comins,  William  Pierce,  Francis  Comins,  James  Cummins  Jun'.  500 
acres.  Obadiah  Wells,  Capt  Joseph  Elliot  450a. ;  Joshua  Lindes,  Samuel  Lindes,  Judathan  Roberts, 
Giles  Roberts,  John  Sherburn,  Ensign  Rutherford  Hays,  Amariah  Parks,  Zephaniah  Shepardson. 


614 


OORTROTEBST   RESPECTIMO  Tm  ITEW   HAMNHIRB  ORAMTa. 


PETITION  OP  COL  PATTERSON  AND  HIS  FELLOW  SUFFERERS. 


[From  Am.  P»p.  Vtnnant  Contror.] 

To  his  Exelency  George  Clinton  Esquire  Governor  of  the  State  of  New  York  and  the  Honourable 
the  Senate  and  Assembly  of  the  same  State  &o»,  &o»,  &o*> 

Tlie  Petition  of  the  Subscribers  in  behalf  of  themselves  and  their  associates  Most  Humbly  Sheweth, 

That  during  the  continuance  of  tlie  Controversy  which  Subsisted  between  the  State  of  New 
York  and  the  Frinds  and  Supporters  of  Vermont  your  Petitioners  and  their  Associates  weij 
uniformly  Loyal  to  the  State  of  New  York  Supported  tlie  rights  and  Interests  thereof  having  not 
only  frequently  risqued  their  Lives  but  expended  largo  sums  of  money,  and  Lost  an  abundance 
of  time  in  Defence  of  the  said  State,  in  consequeno  of  which  many  of  your  Petitioners  were 
imprisoned  and  others  dispoiled  of  Property  to  a  considerable  amount,  by  the  Vermonters ;  all  wiiich 
facts  were  abundantly  proved  to  your  Excellency  and  the  Honourable  Legislature  unanimously 
Resolved  "  that  they  would  indemnify  and  support  your  Petitioners  and  associates  in  their  Rights 
Liberties  and  Properties,"  recommending  to  them  at  the  same  time  to  persist  in  supporting  the 
Interest  of  tlie  State  of  New  York  as  will  appear  by  your  Excellencys  letters  and  Proclamations — 
Tiiat  in  Obedience  thereto  as  well  as  from  real  Inclination  your  Petitioners  and  tlieir  associates,  at 
Great  risque  expence,  trouble  and  loss  of  time,  continued  to  exert  themselves  in  Support  of  the 
State  of  New  York  until  they  were  left  totally  abandoned  to  the  ftiry  of  their  Enemies,  who  again  and 
again  Imprisoned  maney,and  otherwise  Injured  your  Petitioners  very  materially,  so  that  ratlier  than 
be  Deprived  of  their  whole  Property  they  were  obliged  to  submit  to  the  \isurpaticn  of  the  Grov- 
ernment  of  Vermont. 

That  while  your  Petitioners  and  their  Associates  were  Strugling  to  Support  the  Government  of  the 
State  of  New  York  in  manner  before  specified  the  Cldei^  of  Vermont  divided  the  whole  of  the  wild 
Land,  in  that  Country  among  themselves  and  their  Adherants  to  the  Ii^Jury  of  your  Petitioners  most 
of  whom  would  have  obtained  a  considerable  part  thereof  had  it  not  been  for  their  uniform 
Loyalty  and  Adherence  to  the  State  of  New  York. 

That  the  faith  of  the  Government  of  the  State  of  New  York  being  pledged  to  your  Petitioners 
and  tlieir  Associates  in  manner  before  suggested,  tliey  humbly  conceive  themselves  clearly  Entitled 
to  a  Compensation  for  their  Losses  and  sufferings  which  Compensation  if  agreable  to  yotu*  Excelency 
and  honours  they  would  wish  to  receive  by  a  Grant  of  vacant  and  unappropriated  Lands  within  this 
State  of  New  York. 

The  truly  unfortunate  and  critical  Situation  of  Public  atTairs  in  the  Neighbouring  States  and  the 
Riots  and  Tumolts  in  other  quarters  of  the  Countrey  Induce  your  Petitioners  sincerely  to  wish  for 
a  Grant  of  Lands  in  the  State  of  New  York,  In  support  of  whose  Government  they  have  resqued  their 
Lives  and  fortunes  as  long  as  they  possibly  could,  a  Government  whose  Constitution  they  admire,  and 
whose  rulers  they  revere,  from  that  upright  and  Equel  administration  of  Justice  for  which  the 
State  of  New  York  is  so  Emminently  Conspicuous 

Your  Petitioners  therefore  most  humbly  pray,  that  in  consideration  of  their  Loyalty,  the  Equity 
of  their  Case  and  the  Losses  they  have  suffered  your  Excellency  and  Honours  would  be  favorably 
pleased  to  Grant  to  them  and  their  Associates,  a  Patent  of  wild  I<and  in  Compensation  therefor. 
And  they  will  as  in  duty  Bound,  ever  pray.  Ekkazer  Patterson, 

Saml.  Kmght,  John  Sergeant, 

Benj.  Butterfield,  Josiah  Arms  in  behalf  of 

themselves  and  the  Son  of  Samuel  Minot  deceaseds  their  Associates  mentioned  in  the  List  transmitted. 

Dated  at  Brattleborough  December  y*  W*>  1786. 


ible 

eth, 
few 
vexj 
;  not 
Eince 
were 
iiich 
msly 
ights 
5  the 
ms — 
;es,  at 
)ttbe 
171  and 
rthan 
Gov- 

ofthe 
e  wild 
s  most 
.niform 

itioners 
ilntitled 
celency 
hin  this 

and  the 
wish  for 
led  their 
lire,  and 
hich  the 

e  Equity 
Favorably 
therefor. 


If  of 
msmitted. 


'^^. 


.r.Ti //'/%' ,-,■  .1(7'/,'"  •  ;v//n'  /r. 


'  HI/'Dil  /'iriii  ii'i  /:i/i/"'t>/"f7   '"  /^'i'  J/t'/f 


/.I /••lint  .  li'/'ii'i'/  •  I    ' 


OOMTBOVBBSY  HMPECTlMa  THE  MSW  HAMniUMt  OSAan.  615 


ASSOCIATES  NAMES." 

1  Noah  Sabin  of  Putney  Esq'.  Confined  by  the  Mob  and  111  Treated 

2  Benjamin  Butterfield  of  Brattleborough  the  same. 

3  John  Sargent  of  ditto  the  same  and  his  Son  exceedingly  111  Treated  by  Allen 

4  William  Willard  of  Westminster  the  same. 

5  Samuel  Knight  of  Brattleborough  Taken  but  run  away  firom  the  Mob. 

6  Eleazer  Patterson    Hindsdale    Confined. 

7  John  Norton  Westminister  Supported  New  Tork 

8  Simon  Stevens    Springfield,  do 

9  Tliomas  Sayer    the  same,  do 
10  Josiah  Arms    Brattleborough,  do 

,  11  Samuel  Minott  Putney,  do 

12  James  Blakslee       do 

13  Erad  Hunt,  do 

14  Tliedeus  Curtis,      do 

15  John  Bridgman    Hinsdale  the  same. 

16  Jonathan  Parker  Jun'.  the  same. 

17  David  Tuttle    the  same. 
IS  John  Jones    the  same. 

19  Jonathan  Parker  the  same.  .    "' 

20  Silas  Whitney  the  same. 

21  Jonathan  Hunt   the  same. 

22  John  Graham,  do 
do 
do 
do 
do 

27  Jonathan  Hitchcock  do 
The  Committee  to  whom  was  referred  the  petition  of  Eleazer  Patterson  ant.  others  praying  for  a 
patteut  for  Lands  as  a  compensation  for  losses  sustained  by  then:  attachment  to  the  Ttate,  report — 
that  in  their  opinion  as  there  are  no  vouchers  to  support  the  facts  aUedged  iu  the  said  petition  the 
prayer  thereof  ought  not  to  be  granted. 


II 


23  Silas  Parsons, 

24  Simon  Olcott, 

25  John  Jones, 

26  David  Poole, 


SETTLEMENT  OP  THE  VERMONT  DIFFICULTIES. 

"  To  facilitate  this  business  and  to  get  Vermont  into  the  Union  the  Legislature  of  the  State 
of  New  York  passed  a  law  in  the  year  one  thousand  seven  hundred  and  ninety  appointing  Com- 
missioners on  the  part  of  the  State  of  New  Tork  to  settle  a  boundary  Line  with  the  Commissioners 
appointed  on  the  part  of  Vermont. 

That  the  Commissioners  on  both  sides  met  in  the  City  of  New  York  in  the  month  of  October  of 
that  year,  when  a  Treaty  was  entered  into  and  executed  by  the  New  York  Commissioners  whereby 


616 


COMTEOVEiiaY    aSSPECTIKQ   THE   MEW   HAMFIUIBS  OBAMTS. 


they  ceded  to  the  state  of  Vermont  all  the  lands  together  with  the  Islands  in  Lake  Champlain  Lying 
to  the  E]astward  of  the  following  bounds  to  witt,  Beginning  at  the  North  west  corner  of  the  State 
of  Massachusetts  thence  westward  along  the  south  boundary  of  tlie  township  of  Pownall  to  tlie 
southwest  corner  thereof  thence  northerly  along  tlie  western  boundaries  of  the  Townsliip  of  Pownall 
Bennington  Shaftsbury  Arlington  Sandgate  Rupert  Fawlet  Wells  and  Poultney  as  the  said  Townships 
are  now  held  or  possessed  to  the  river  commonly  called  Poultney  River  thence  down  the  same  through 
the  middle  of  the  deepest  Channel  of  East  Bay  and  the  waters  thereof  to  where  the  same  communi- 
cate with  Lake  Champ  ain  thence  through  the  middle  of  the  deepest  channel  of  Lake  Champlain  to 
the  Eastward  of  the  Islands  called  the  Four  Brothers  and  the  westward  of  the  Islands  called  Grand 
Isle  and  Long  Isle  or  the  two  Heroes  and  to  the  westward  of  the  Isle  La  Motte  to  the  forty  fifth 
degree  of  Nortli  Latitude  in  the  consideration  of  Vermont  paying  to  the  State  of  New  York  Tliirty 
Thousand  dollars  witliin  a  time  therein  limited  which  sum  of  Tliirty  thousand  dollars  it  is  matter 
of  notoriety  bears  no  proportion  to  the  value  of  private  property  so  ceded." — Petition  of  Theophylack 
Bache  4r  others. 


DIVISION  OF  THE  $30,000. 

Names  of  the  Claimants,  who  are  entitled  to  compensation,  with  the  sums  (in  the  third  column) 
to  which  they  are  respectively  entitled.    April  23, 1799, 

[Mlaatoi  ^  the  Comn.  on  Vennont  Clalmi.] 

Nomben  of  the  Namei  of  Booh  to  which  each  of  the  Cteimantc 

eetreril  eleinu           Cliiraaiiu.                                                                                                                ia  the  )iil  column  U  entitled. 

DoUera  Centi 

Number    1.  Samuel  Avery 2665  03 

2.  James  Abeel 548  98 

8.  Goldsbrow  tlanyar 7218  94 

4.  Jobn  Bowles         .          .,.......•  745  28 

5.  Catliariue  Bowlei -        •  49  91 

6.  James  Beeckman    -•                ........  72  66 

7.  William  Banyar 809  42 

8.  Thomas  B.  Bridgen 162  65 

9.  Samuel  Bard 149  72 

10.  Robert  Bowne 49  91 

;  I                                 11.  William  Cockbnme 1495  96 

12.  Ebenezer  Clark 87  42 

'                                13.  James  McCarra 24  98 

■   ,  I     ,  ■              14.  Alexander  Cruikshank  ..        •        .        .                         ....  87  00 

C  Cadwallader  Colden,  Thomas  Colden,  Alexander  Colden  and  Josiah  i 

15.  i  Ogden    Uoffmanj.  surviving    Executors    of    Cadwallader    Colden  >  449  16 
(  deceased                *                                                                                    J 

16.  Ricliard  Carey  and  Ann  bis  Wife 122  92 

17.  Henry  Cniger 149  72 

18.  Thomas  Clark 237  06 

19.  Archibald  Campbell 49  91 

20.  Archibald  Currio 9  98 

21.  William  McDougall 87  42 

Q,    (  James  Chatham  Duane,  William  North  and  Mary  his  Wife,  Sarah  >  2621  29 

^  Duane,  Catharine  Livingston  Duane  and  Adelia  Duane.  ) 

23.  Gerardus  Duycking  Junior 49  91 

24.  John  De  Lancey 49  91 

25.  Obadiah  Dickenson 49  91 

26.  Alexander  McDougall 84  98 

27.  George  Etherington •  98  82 

28.  Thomas  Etherington ^*  11 

29.  James  Farquhar 99  81 

80.  Jellis.  A.  Fonda ^^  ^ 

81.  John  Galbreath ^^  ®1 

82.  James  Guthrie 87  42 


ing 
tate 
the 
aall 
lipa 
ugh 
iini- 
a  to 
and 
fifth 
Irty 
itter 
lack 


m 


inn) 


m 


'•^   --; 


3 

■7. 


ac     - 


^  ^- 

^-.^ 

/:, 

. 

-^c^^. 

^  - 

•■.»v, . 

p 

M|^ 

-3 

E 

-^0 

.Il 

1 

^ 

S^ 

'- 

y/^- 

^- 

^^ 

W^' 

(r\ 


\   \       li 


'■*  ^ 


■c 


E     - 


•<* 


i 


■r. 


•^    " 


V  t 


\ 


<'■* 


7 


iri 


15 


1^ 

gg 

^ 

(~ 

„  . 

^> 

>. 

, 

H 

b 

5C 

& 

>5 

A 

■<< 

»^ 

a!  * 

& 

>     ^    c 


^^   "• 


r 


I 


V 


at 
St 

0^ 


I 


3C 


c 


\      >:'^v 


I 


^^' 


^ 


7? 

y. 

"-i^ 

— 

v^  • 

r— 

■< 

y 

s- 

p- 

^ 

r  TX. 


3C-    ^ 


-.^^ 


c< 


5? 

-5. 

fi 

,Sv 

^^ 

:^ 

^s 

3i    • 

^1 

ft' 

5^ 

'< 

O 

c 

2? 

^ 

;:& 

■  5 

C 

s 

r^ 

,^ 

CJ 

iC^ 

~-i 

Ml. 

^ 

I     r2       \  V 


."K, 


*  •    r 
—1 


R        —    1    ,^- 


OOMTKOVKMV  BKWECriNQ   V*B  MfW  IMNPSWJIS  «»AKTt. 


ft» 


NumlMnof  Um 
Mvcnl  cUiini 


8S. 
84. 
8fi. 
86. 
87. 
88. 
89. 
40. 
41. 
42. 
43. 
44. 
4S. 
46. 
47. 
48. 
49, 
60. 
61. 
62. 
63. 
64. 
65. 
66. 
67. 
68. 
59. 
60. 
61. 

86. 

68. 

64. 
65. 
66. 
67. 
68. 
69. 
70. 
71. 
72. 
73. 
74. 
75. 
76. 


Nunc*  of      ,^11, 


'  t<fr  (fioS.'feo  "'T  f.'-5eiO  t 


..((III  I   :..-.        ..    (,.         3,,.,)  i-'MC  IvA         r 

William  Giles 

Joseph  Griswold     ...•.•...•. 

Joliii  Goodricli 

Charles  Hutchtns 

Jonathan  Hunt 

John  Hensdale 

John  Johnston 

Luke  Knowlton 

Peter  Kemble 

Abraham  Lot 

John  Lawrence •• 

Robert  Lewis 

Joel  Lyman 

Elijah  Lyman         ....  

Catherine  Metcalf  Executrix  of  Simon  Metcalf  deceased 

Catharine  Metcalf 

Thomas  Norman  fcEUa«bethHarth»hi«wifs 

Jane  Mesbit 

Ellas  Mlxon 

Barbara  Ortley 

Eleazar  Porter       ........... 

John  McPherson 

Isaac  Rosevelt • 

Peter  Sim 

Samuel  Steveni 

William  Smith 

Jacob  Shefflin        .....  ..... 

Francis  Stevens 

Diana  Smith 

5  Mary,  Elizabeth,  Eathet  and  Rachel  Schlatter  Surriving  Execntora  ) 
^  of  Michael  Schlatter  deceased.  j 

JobnM.  Scott 


flttiw  to  wbick  ««8l>  u(  il)«  CUlmaala 


M 


John  Titts 
Samuel  Thatcher   . 
Peter  Van  Schaack 
William  Wickbam 
Brooke  Watson 
Gerard  Walton 
John  Watts    - 
William  Walton      • 
George  Wray 
Staltham  Williams 
John  Bard 
John  Plenderleaf   - 
Samuel  Partridge 


id  the  IM  oolufnn  we  «nuU< 

Dollar*  Cent* 

6  4» 

147  78 

109  63 

9  98 

048  28 

40  01 

124  77 

240  63 

190  63 

608  09 

40  01 

119  78 

40  01 

40  01 

1417  47 

09  81 

718  60 

12  48 

24  05 

184  7ft 

40  01 

09  81 

800  26 

87  42 

668  68 

1181  60 

07  82 

190  68 

40  01 

00  81 

40  01 

0  08 

140  71 

100  68 

140  72 

1107  76 

49  01 
09  82 

190  03 

50  02 
199  63 
449  16 

1096  U8 

49  01 


'I/. 


...li" 


Total 


80,000  Dolr 


*J^  Whoever  is  disposed  to  investigate  this  subject  further,  can  consult  with  advantage  the  following 
works.    They  are  in  the  State  Library. 

A  State  of  the  Right  of  the  Colony  of  New  York  with  respect  to  Its  eastern  boundary  on  Connecticut  river;  lO  Uit  M 
concerns  the  late  encroachments  under  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire. 
[This  paper  was  principally  drawn  up  by  Hon.  James  Duar.a,  who  purchased  soldiers  rights  and  claims  in  the  above  district) 

to  the  amount  (according  to  John  Adams)  of  $100,000.    It  was  agreed  to  by  the  New  York  Provincial  Assembly  on  the  8th 

March  1778,  and  ordered  to  be  sent  to  England.] 

Narrative  of  the  Proceedings  subsequent  to  the  Royal  Adjudication  concerning  the  Lands  to  the  Westward  of  Connecticut 
River,  lately  usurped  by  New  Hampshire,  with  remarks  on  the  claim,  behaviour  and  misrepresentation  of  Uit 
Intruders  under  that  Government.    New  York;  printed  by  John  Holt,  1773.    With  an  Appendix. 

A  Brief  Narrative  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Government  of  New  York  relative  to  their  obtaining  the  jurisdiction  of  that  Urga 
District  of  Land  to  the  westward  from  Connecticut  River,  which  antecedent  thereto  had  been  patented  by  his  Mi\jc«ty  'i 
Gov.  and  Council  of  the  Government  of  New  Hampshire.  And  also,  of  the  Monopolizing  conduct  of  the  Government 
of  New  York,  in  their  subsequently  patenting  part  of  the  same  land,  and  oppressing  the  Grantees  and  Settlers  under 
New  Hampshire,  Together  with  arguments  demonstrating  that  the  property  of  those  Lands  was  convoyed  (Vom  tht 
Crown  to  the  New  Hampshire  Grantees,  by  virtue  of  their  resriective  Charters;  with  Remarks  on  a  Pamphlet  entitled, 
'  A  state  of  the  Right  of  the  Colony  of  New  York,'  lie.  By  Ethan  Allen,  Bennington  28d  Sentember,  1774. 
Hartford,  printed  by  Eben.  Watson,  near  the  Great  Bridge. 

Vol.  it.  78 


m 
\  % 

\  % 

i 


'»|i 


■'li 


! 


618 


OOMTaoVBUT  aBtriCTIItO  THE  NIW  NAMMMIM  0«AltT*. 


APabUo  DeftnM  of  the  right  of  the  New  Hampshire  Grants  (so  called)  on  both  sides  Connecticut  River  to  associate  together, 
and  form  themselves  into  an  Independent  State,  contnluing  remarks  on  sundry  paragraphs  of  Letters  from  the 
President  of  the  Council  of  New  Hampshire,  to  His  Excellency  Governor  Chittenden,  and  the  New  Hampshire 
Delegates  at  Congress.    Dresden:  printed  by  Alden  Spooner,  1770. 

A  Concise  Re<\itation  of  the  Claims  of  New  Hampshire  and  Massaohiisetls  Bay  to  the  Territory  of  Vermont;  with  Occasional 
Remarks  on  the  long  disputed  claim  of  New  York  to  the  some,  Written  by  Ethan  Allen  and  Jonas  Fay  Esqrs.  and 
published  by  Order  of  the  Governor  and  Council  of  Vermont.  Bennington,  the  flrst  day  uf  January,  1780.  Hartford, 
printed  by  Hudson  and  Goodwin. 

The  Present  State  of  the  Controversy  between  the  States  of  New  York  and  New  Uatupiblre  on  the  one  part,  and  the  State 
of  Vermont  on  the  other.    Hartford:  printed  by  Hudson  fc  Goodwin,  1783. 

Vermont  State  Papers,  Records  and  Documents  relative  to  the  Assumption  and  Establishment  of  a  Government  by  the 
People  of  Vermont;  the  Journal  of  the  Council  of  Sanity;  the  first  Constitution  kc.  complied  by  William  Slade 
SecreUry  of  State.    Middlebury,  1823. 

Amo: 

The  Evidence  and  arguments  in  support  of  the  Territorial  rights  and  Jurisdiction  of  the  State  of  New  York  against  New 
Hampshire  as  a  Government;  against  the  Claimants  under  It;  both  In  respect  to  the  right  of  Soil  and  an  Independent 
Jurisdiction ;  and  against  the  Claims  of  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts ;  stated  by  Jaufs  Doane,  one  of  the 
Agents  and  Commissioners  appointed  by  acts  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State  of  Now  York  to  manage  those  important 
controversies. 
[This  is  a  MSS.  vol.  of  189  pp.    It  is  to  be  found  in  the  Library  of  the  New  York  Historical  Society.] 

Memoirs  of  Thomas  Chittenden,  first  Governor  of  Vermont,  with  a  history  of  the  constitution  during  his  administration.  By 
Daniel  Chipman,  1849. 

Memoirs  of  Seth  Warner,  By  the  same.    Also  the  several  Histories  of  New  York,  Kew  Hampshire  and  Vermont. 

Note. — ^All  the  Documents  regarding  the  controversy  with  New  Hampshire  and  Vermont  published 
in  this  Vol.  are  from  the  Records  and  MSS.  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  office,  Albany,  N.  T.,  except 
when  otherwise  noted. 


ADDENDA. 

[We  tre  indebted  to  Jamei  H.  Phelpa,  Esq.,  of  West  Townshend,  Vt.,  for  the  following  documents,  which  cune  to  hand 
t()o  late  to  be  inserted  in  their  proper  order.— Ed.] 


m 


''H 


By 


PETITION    OF    SAM'L   ROBINSON   &    OTHERS    TO   THE  KING, 

REFEaRED  TO  IN  LORD  SHELBURNe's  DESPATCH  OF  llth  APRIL,  1767. 

To  the  KING'S  Most  Excellent  MAJESTY. 

The  Humble  Petition  of  the  several  Subscribers  hereto,  Your  Majesty's  Most  Loyal  Subjects, 

Sheweth  to  Your  Majesty ; 

That  We  obtained  at  considerable  Expence  of  Your  Majesty's  Governor  of  the  Province  of  New 
Hampshire,  Grants  and  Patents  for  more  than  One  Hundred  Townships  in  the  Western  Parts  of  the 
said  supposed  Province ;  and  being  about  to  settle  the  same,  many  of  Us,  and  others  of  Us,  having 
actually  planted  Ourselves  on  the  same,  were  disagreeably  surprised  and  prevented  from  going  on  with 
the  furtlier  intended  Settlements,  by  the  News  of  its  having  been  determined  by  Your  Majesty  in 
Council,  That  those  Lands  were  within  the  Province  of  New  York  ;  and  by  a  Proclamation  issued 
by  Lieutenant  Governor  Golden,  in  Consequence  thereof  forbidding  any  further  Settlement  until 
Patents  of  Confirmation  should  be  obtained  from  the  Governor  of  New  York.  Wliereupon  We 
applied  to  the  Governor  of  said  Province  of  New  York,  to  liave  the  same  Lauds  confirmed  to  Us  in 
the  same  Manner  as  they  had  been  at  first  granted  to  Us  by  the  Governor  of  the  said  Province  of 
New  Hampshire ;  when,  to  Our  utter  Astonishment,  We  found  the  same  could  not  be  done,  without 
our  paying  as  Fees  of  Office  for  the  same,  at  the  Rate  of  Twenty  Five  Pounds,  New  York  Money, 
equal  to  about  Fourteen  Pounds  Sterling ;  for  every  Thousand  Acres  of  said  Lands,  amounting  to 
about  Three  Hundred  and  Thirty  Pounds  Sterling  at  a  Medium,  for  each  of  said  Townships,  and 
which  will  amount  in  the  Whole  to  about  JE33,000  Sterling,  besides  a  Quit-rent  of  Two  Shillings 
and  Six  Pence  Sterling,  for  every  Hundred  Acres  of  said  Lands ;  and  which  being  utterly  unable 
to  do  and  perform.  We  find  ourselves  reduced  to  the  sad  Necessity  of  losing  all  our  past  Expence 
and  Advancements :  and  many  of  Us  of  being  reduced  to  absolute  Poverty  and  Want,  having 
expended  Our  All  in  making  said  Settlements. 

Whereupon  Your  Petitioners  beg  Leave  most  Humbly  to  observe, 

1.  That  when  We  applied  for  and  obtained  said  Grants  of  said  Lands,  the  same  were  and  had  been 
at  all  Times  fully  understood  and  reputed  to  lie  and  be  within  tlie  said  Province  of  New  Hampshire, 
and  well  within  the  power  of  tlie  Governor  of  that  Province  to  grant ;  So  that  Your  Petitioners 
humbly  liope  they  are  equitably  entitled  to  a  Confirmation  of  the  said  Grants  to  them. 

2.  The  said  Grants  were  made  and  received  on  the  moderate  Terms  of  your  Petitioners  paying 
as  a  Quit-Rent  One  Shilling  only,  Proclamation  Money,  equal  to  Nine  Pence  Sterling  per  Hundred 
Acres ;  and  which  induced  Us  to  undertake  to  settle  said  Townsliips  throughout,  and  thereby  to 


,3 


lA 


'Vi 


•n'M 


-•?* 


<80 


CONTROVERSY    RE8PECTIN0   THE   WW   HAMRIHIRE  GRANTS. 


form  a  full  and  compacted  Country  of  People,  whereas  the  Imposing  the  said  Two  Shillings  and 
Six  Pence  Sterling  per  Hundred  Acres,  will  occasion  all  the  more  rongh  and  unprofitable  parts  of 
said  Lnnds  not  to  be  taken  up ;  but  pitches,  and  tlie  more  valuable  parcels  only  to  be  laid  out,  to 
tlie  utter  preventing  the  full  and  proper  Settlement  of  siiid  Country,  and  in  the  Wliole  to  the 
lessening  your  Majesty's  Revenue. 

3.  Your  liunible  Petitioners  conceive,  that  tlie  insisting  to  liave  large  and  very  exorbitant  Fees  of 
Office  to  arise  and  be  computed  upon  every  Tl)onsand  Acres  in  every  Township  of  Six  or  perhaps 
move  Miles  squiire,  and  tliat  when  one  patent,  one  Seal,  and  one  Step  only  of  every  Kind,  toward 
tlie  completing  such  patents  of  Confirmation  respectively,  is  necessary,  is  without  all  reasonable 
and  equitable  Foundation,  and  must  and  will  necessarily  terminate  in  tlie  totally  preventing  your 
Petitioners  obtaining  tlie  said  Lands,  and  so  the  same  will  fall  into  tlie  Hands  of  the  Rich,  to  be 
taken  up,  the  more  valuable  parts  only  as  aforesaid,  and  those  perhaps  not  entered  upon  and  settled 
for  many  ytars  to  come ;  while  your  petitioners  with  their  numerous  and  helpless  Families,  will  be 
obliged  to  wander  far  and  wide  to  find  where  to  plant  themselves  down,  so  as  to  be  able  to  live. 

Wliereupon  your  petitioners  most  humbly  and  earnestly  pray,  that  your  Majesty  will  be  graciously 
pleased  to  take  their  distressed  State  and  Condition  into  your  Royal  Consideration,  and  order  tliat 
We  have  our  Lands  confirmed  to  Us,  on  such  reasonable  Terms,  and  in  such  Way  and  Manner,  as 
your  Majesty  shall  think  fit.  Further,  We  beg  Leave  to  say,  that  if  it  might  be  consistent  with 
your  Majesty's  Royal  pleasure.  We  shall  esteem  it  a  very  great  Favour  and  happiness,  to  have  said 
Townships  put  and  continued  under  the  Jurisdiction  of  the  government  of  the  said  province  of 
New-Hampshire,  as  at  the  first,  as  every  Emolument  and  Convenience  both  publick  and  private, 
are  in  Your  Petitioners  humble  Opinion,  clearly  and  strongly  on  the  side  of  such  Connection  with 
said  New-Hampshire  Province.  All  which  Favours  or  such  and  so  many  of  them  as  to  Your 
Mnjesty  shall  seem  meet  to  grant.  We  humbly  ask ;  or  that  Your  Majesty  will  in  some  other  Way 
grant  Relief  to  Your  petitioners;  and  they,  as  in  Duty  bound,  shall  ever  pray. 

Dated  in  New-England,  November,  1766.    And  in  the  Seventh  Year  of  His  Majesty's  Reign. 

Ebenezer  Cole,  Sam'l  Waters,  Freegift  Cole,  Parker  Cole,  Mills  Sly,  Peleg  Spencer,  Jacob  Marsh, 
Machir  Martin,  Ichabod  West  Jr,  Ichabod  West,  Rufuss  Baker,  Matthias  Cole,  Isiah  Carpender, 
Ichabod  Cross,  Jestins  Olin,  John  Burnum,  George  Pengrne,  Abiather  Waldo,  David  Blakelee, 
Zerubbabel  Waterson,  John  Trumble,  Edward  Fitsimmons,  Moses  Robinson,  Ebenezer  Wood,  Nathan 
Clark,  Jacob  Hide,  Jonathan  Eastman,  Henry  Walbridg,  Jedediah  Merrill,  John  Fasset  Jur,  Joseph 
Wilkes  Jur,  Joseph  Reade,  Jonathan  Scott  Jr,  Josiah  Fuller,  Lebbeus  Armstrong,  Timothy  Pratt, 
Joseph  Willoiighby,  Elijah  Story,  Elisha  Field.  Jonathan  Fassett,  Simeon  Harrison,  Joseph  Richard- 
son, Sam'l  Pratt,  Benj'a  Whipple,  Samuel  Safford,  Silas  Pratt,  Henry  Walbridge  Jr,  James  Breaken- 
ridge,  Thomas  Smith,  Joseph  Robinson,  Gideon  Spencer,  John  Smith,  Samuel  Atwood,  Nathaniel 
Holmes,  Nathaniel  Holmes  Jr,  Sam'l  Hunt,  Nath'l  Spencer,  Sam'l  Tubs,  Daniel  Mills,  Israel  Hurd, 
Jonathan  Carpenter,  Nathan  Clark  Jr,  Benjamin  Covey,  John  CoVey,  Joseph  Barber,  Joseph  Smith, 
Joseph  Barber,  Nath'l  Dickinson  M  D.  Sam'l  Robinson  Jr,  Silas  Robinson,  Daniel  Scott,  Zephaniah 
Holmes,  Tho's  Henderson,  Elnathan  Hubbel,  li^lkanah  Ashley,  Cornelius  Cady,  Leehih  Harwood, 
Lenard  Robinson,  Benajah  Story,  John  Smith  Jr,  Petre  Harwood,  Robert  Cochren  Se'r,  Robert 
Cochren  Jr,  Benajah  Reade,  Jonathan  Scott,  Ebenezer  Robinson,  Stephen  Ftjy,  Samuel  Cutler,  Sam'l 
Scott,  Benj'a  Warner,  Daniel  Warner,  Seth  Warner,  Weight  Hopkins,  Stephen  Jfopkins,  Seth  Hudson, 
Direck  Smith,  Asa  Alger,  Michel  Duning,  Isaac  Van  Arnum,  David  Perigo,  TlJnothy  Grover,  Eiicis 
Grover,  Petter  Payn,  Luke  Van  Arnum,  Caleb  Raynolds,  Peeter  Roliards,  Isaac  Whaley,  Tlieopluls 
Whaley,  Cliarls  Wright,  Elijah  Woolcutt,  Abraham  Bass,  Noah  Pratt,  Loran"e  Crv,  \Vi  olrond 
Ki'iger,  Crispen  Ball,  Andrew  Burns,  Francis  Burns,  Matthew   Ford,  Peter   Furshniy.   r,i\  id 


OONTBOVEBSY    RESPECTINQ   THE  MEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANTS. 


681 


Carey,  Paul  Gardner,  Mathew  Randal,  Elisha  Card,  Benj-m  Briges,  BenJ'm  Renorlds,  Daniel  Perce, 
George  Baker,  Ephriam  Mallery,  George  Gardner,  Benoni  Permentor,  William  Hayward,  Andrew 
Alger,  BenJ'm  Gardner,  Boaz  Brookens,  Philip  Brookens,  David  Mallery,  Elezer  Marsh,  Witherly 
Wittam,  Ely  Nobels,  Daniel  Luce,  George  Hicks,  Edward  Hicks,  Silas  Pratt,  Samuel  Anderson, 
BenJ'm  Anderson,  BenJ'm  Grover,  George  Mitchel,  Dan  Howlet,  Ephriam  Burlinggame,  Moses 
Omsted,  Ebenezer  Wright,  Levi  West,  Elisha  Noble,  Amos  lieach,  Obadiah  Noble,  Mwses  Corbln, 
Isaac  Lawrence,  John  Fasset,  John  Warner,  James  Archer,  John  Van  Arnum,  AbrahaiA  J.  Lanson, 
John  DafiX),  John  George  Kriger,  Jonatlian  Card,  Joseph  Williams,  George  Gardner  Jr,  James  Fuller, 
Jonathan  Wright,  Joseph  Gallop,  Jeremiah  Gardner,  Josiah  Nubels,  James  Curtis,  James  Perigo, 
John  Blakley,  Joseph  Miller,  James  Draper,  Samuel  V^aters  Jr,  Joshua  Ilaynolds,  Sam  Brown  Junr. 


POWER  OF  ATTORNEY. 

We  the  Subscribers  Proprietors  and  claimants  in  and  of  sundry  Townships,  lately  granted  by 
Governor  Wentworth,  in  the  Western  Parts  of  tlie  tlien  supposed  Province  of  JVew-HampsMre,  do 
hereby  fully  impower  Our  trusty  Friends  and  fello'.v  Partners  in  those  Interests,  Samuel  Robinson, 
Esq  ;  Ebenezer  Cole,  Jeremiah  French,  Benjamiii  Ferris,  Samuel  Hungerford  Ebenezer  Fisk,  John  Brooks, 
John  Sherrer,  Samuel  Keep,  Partridge  Thatcher,  Mraham  Thompson,  Edward  Burling,  Benjamin  Towns- 
end,  Tunis  Wortman,  Peter  Clapper,  John  Burling,  Joseph  Hallet,  Thomas  Hides,  Esq;  and  David 
Matthews,  Esq;  for  Us  and  in  Our  behalf  and  stead,  to  take  and  pursue  all  and  every  needful  and 
proper  measure  and  step,  by  application  to  His  Majesty  or  otherwise,  to  obtain  a  full  confirmation  to 
Us  of  said  lands,  on  such  reasonable  Terms  as  May  be  ;  hereby  granting  to  them  and  to  any  and 
every  three  or  more  of  them,  full  Power  of  Substitution.  Witness  our  Hands,  in  JVew-England, 
J^ovemher,  176C. 

Sam'l  Watei-s  Freegift  Cole  Jacob  Marsli  Ichabod  West  Jr  liufuss  Baker  Isiaii  Carpenter  David 
Blacklee  Ichabod  Cross  George  pengra  Jolm  Burnum  Sam'l  Wortors  Isaac  Lawrence  Dan'l  Howlit 
JestinsOlinJedialiDewey  Ichabod  West  Stephen  Fay  peleg  Spencer  Abiather  Waldo  Isaac  Serls  Sam'l 
Adams  John  Burnham  Jr  Machir  Martin  Matthias  Cobb  Mills  Sly  Sam'l  Waters  Samuel  Waters  Jur 
Moses  Robinson  Ebenezer  Wood  Jacob  Hide  Nathan  Clark  Henry  Walluidge  Jonatlian  Eastman  John 
Fasset  Jur  Joseph  Wilkes  Jur  Jedediah  Merrill  Lel)bcu8  Armstrong  Timothy  Pratt  Joseph  Rude 
Jonathan  Scott  Josiah  Fuller  Joseph  Willoughby  Silas  Pratt  Jonatlian  Fasset  Elijah  Story  Elisha 
Field  Simeon  Harrison  Joseph  Richardson  Sam'l  Pratt  BenJ'a  Whipple  Samuel  Safford  Henry 
Walbridge  Jr  Thomas  Smith  James  Breakenridge  Joseph  Robinson  Gideon  Spencer  Samuel  Atwood 
Jolm  Smith  Nathaniel  Holmes  Sam'l  Hunt  Natli'l  Spencer  Israel  Hurd  Daniel  Mills,  Sam'l  Tubs 
Benjamin  Covey  Nath'l  Dickinson  M  D  Daniel  Scott  Silas  Robinson  Zephaniah  Hokies  Tlio's  Hen- 
derson Elnathan  Hubble  Elkanah  Ashley  Lenard  Robinson  Zech'ii  Harwood  Benajah  Story 
Nathaniol  Holnjes  Jr  John  Covey  Nathan  Clark  Jr  Jonathan  Carpenter  Joseph  SmitJi  Joseph  Barber 
Sam'l  Robinson  Jr  John  Smith  Jr  Petre  Harwood  Benajah  Reede  Robert  Cocliren  Se'r  Robert 
Cochren  Jr  Ebenezer  Robinson  Stephen  Fay  Samuel  Cutler  Benj'a  Warner  Daniel  Warner  Seth 
W^arner  Weight  Hopkins  Stephen  Hopkins  Direck  Smitli  Asa  Alger  Miclial  Duniiig  Isaac  Van 
Arnum  Seth  Hudson  David  Perigo  Timotliy  Grover  Enos  Grover  Petter  Payn  Luke  Van  Arnum 
Caleb  Rayuolds  Peeter  Robards  Isaac  Whaley  xheophels  Whaley  Charls  Wright  Elijah  TFoolcutt 
Abraham  Bass  Noah  Pratt  Lorance  Cry  Woolrood  Kriger  Crispen  Ball  Andiv-w  Burns  Francis  Burns 


I 


622 


OOMTIOyBMY   miPECTINa   THE  HEW   HAMMHIRB  OEAMTt. 


Matthetr  Ford  Peter  rursbury  David  Carey  Paul  Gardner  Matthew  Raynolds  Elishs  Card  Beijj'm 
Brigs  BenJ'm  Renorlda  Daniel  Perce  George  Baker  Epiiriam  Mullery  George  Gardner  Benoni  Per- 
mentor  IVilliam  Hayward  Andrew  Alger  Benj'm  Gardner  Boaz  Brookens  Piiilip  Brookens  David 
Mallery  Elizer  Marsh  Withetly  Hlttani  Ely  Nol)e]8  Daniel  Luce  George  Hicks  Edward  Hicks  Silas 
Pratt  Samuel  Anderson  Benj'm  Anderson  Benj'm  Grover  George  Mitcliel  Jonathan  Scott  John 
Fasset  John  Warner  James  Archer  John  Van  Arnum  Abraliam  J  Lanson  John  Dafoo  John  George 
Kriger  Jonutlian  Card  Joseph  Williams  George  Gardner  Jr  James  Fuller  Jonathan  Wright  Joseph 
Galliip  Jeremiah  Gardner  Josiah  Nobels  John  Wilson  James  Curtis  James  Perigo  Samuel  Robinson 
of  Bennington,  Ehenezer  Cule  of  Sliaftsbury,  Jeremiah  French  of  Dover  Benjamin  Ferris  of  Oblong, 
Samuel  llungcrfoid  of  New  Fairfield,  Ebcnezer  Fisk  of  Farmington,  in  tlie  County  of  Hartford, 
John  Brooks  of  Stratford,  Jolin  Sherrur  of  Fishklll,  Samuel  Keep  of  Salisbury,  in  Litclifield  county. 
Partridge  Thatclier  of  New  Milford,  Abraliam  Thompson  of  New  Haven,  in  Connecticut,  Edward 
Burling  of  Long-Reach,  Benjamin  Townsend  of  Jericho  Long  Island,  Teunia  Wortman  of  Oyster- 
Bay,  Peter  Clapper,  Thomas  Hicks,  John  Burling,  Joseph  Hallet,  &  David  Mathews  of  New  York. 


i  ! 


ORGANIZING  THE  COURT  OF  GLOCESTER  COUNTY. 

Kingslaud,  Glocester  County,  < 

Province  of  New  York,  May  29i»',  1770. 
The  Court  met  for  the  first  time,  and  the  ordinance  and  Comitions  Being  Read. 
John  Taplin         ) 

Samuel  Sleeper    >  Judges  being  appointed  by  the  Government  of  New  York  were  present, 
Thomas  Sumner  ) 

and  the  Courts  opened  as  is  usual  in  other  Courts,  also  present 

James  Pennock  "i 

Abner  Fowler   >  Justices  of  the  Quoram 

John  Peters        j 

John  Taplin  J',  Sheriff 

The  Court  adjourned  to  the  Last  Tuesday  in  August  next  to  be  Held  in  said  Kingsland. 
'  Opened  accordingly  and  appointed  four  Constables. 
Simeon  Stevens  for  Newbury 
Jesse  McFarland  tor  Moretown 
Abner  Howard  for  Thetford  and 

Samuel  Pennock  for  Strafford —  >  • 

And  adjourned  to  the  last  Tuesday  in  Nov. 
Nov,  27.     Court  opened  at  Kingsland,  called   over  the   docket  of  8  causes  only,  put  over  and 
dismissed  them  and  appointed  Ebenezer  Green  Constable  for  Thetford  and 
Samuel  Pennock  "j 

James  Allen  j 

and  adjourned  to  Feb.  next — last  Tuesday. 


OOMTROVEUY   BUPSCTIMO   THE   NEW   HAMPSHIRE   OEANTt. 


e<s 


Feb.  25, }  Set  out  from  Moretown  for  Kings  Land,  travelled  until  knight  there  Being  No  Road, 
1771.  )  and  the  Snow  very  Depe,  we  travelled  on  Snow  Slices  or  Racats,  on  the  26ti<  we  travelled 
some  ways  and  Held  a  Council  when  it  was  Concluded  it  was  Best  to  open  the  Court  as  we 
Saw  No  Line  it  was  not  whether  in  Klngsland  or  Not  But  we  concluded  we  were  farr  ia 
the  woods  we  Did  not  Expect  to  See  any  House  unless  we  marched  three  miles  within 
Klngsland  and  No  one  lived  there  when  the  Court  was  ordered  to  be  opened  on  the  Spot 
Present   John  Taplin  Judge 

John  Peters  of  the  Quoram 
John  Taplin  J'  Sheriff 
all  Causes  Continued  or  ac(journed  over  to  Next  term. 

The  Court  if  one  adjourned  over  untill  the  Last  Tuesday  in  may  next  at  which  it  was  opened  and 
alter  disposing  of  one  case  of  bastardy,  adjourned  to  August  next. 

John  Petem  Clerk. 

V.  B.    tlMM  Ocnrti  WON  Ui«  Couti  of  Qnuttily  BcmIobi,  Mid  th*  Oouti  of  Comnion  Fl«u  of  uU  Comity. 


CENSUS  OP  CUMBERLAND  COUNTY,  177L 


r 

«.!, 

fc 

u 

■LACKS. 

-     1 

11 

Andover 

>                   •                  •                   ■                   « 

Bromley 

Kent, 

4 

9 

1 

8 

6 

28 

6 

Brattleborongh   • 

103 

102 

8 

110 

79 

1 

403 

76 

Chester    - 

88 

85 

4 

46 

80 

162 

80 

Cumberland 

8 

4 

8 

4 

14 

4 

Falham 

64 

64 

8 

87 

40         1 

I 

189 

44 

Guilford 

124 

92 

6 

116 

94         8         2 

486 

76 

Halifax    . 

100 

83 

4 

74 

68 

829 

65 

Hartford 

46 

48 

66 

40 

190 

13 

Hertford 

48 

31 

1 

35 

28 

1 

144 

26 

Hinsdale 

28 

28 

6 

16 

80 

107 

19 

Marlborough 

6 

24 

1 

6 

12 

1 

6fl 

22 

Newfano 

12 

14 

1 

14 

11 

62 

8 

Norwich 

63 

66 

89 

48 

206 

40 

Pomfret 

18 

14 

4 

6 

1               1 

89 

6 

Putney    • 

94 

74 

4 

60 

69 

801 

61 

Rockingham 

48 

62 

4 

62 

67 

1               1 

22S 

60 

Sharon,    • 

17 

19 

1 

14 

17 

6S 

12 

Springfield, 

43 

80 

1 

86 

81 

141 

27 

Townshend, 

83 

40 

1 

85 

26 

1 

186 

2S 

Weathersfleld 

2 

8 

6 

4 

2(1 

)          4 

Westmlniter 

186 

107 

8 

110 

117 

478 

77 

Wilmington 

16 

19 

5 

17 

14 

71 

14 

Windsor 

60 

67 

8 

46 

46 

1 

20S 

85 

Woodstock 

9 

18 

10 

10 

42         10 

26  Towns. 

—. 

-      — 

•^ 

Males  nnder  16    • 

• 

• 

. 

• 

. 

1080 

"    between  16  and  60 

• 

m 

. 

• 

, 

1088 

"    60  and  upwards      • 

• 

• 

• 

• 

. 

60 

Females  nnper  10 

• 

• 

• 

. 

> 

049 

"      above  16 

• 

• 

. 

. 

. 

887 

Black  Males 

• 

• 

• 

. 

. 

7 

«     Females    • 

• 

• 

. 

. 

. 

8 

Heads  of  Familie 

•• 

• 

• 

•           . 

-       744 

ToUl 


4,034 


.>! 


I 


II 

m 


r  i 


li 


XV. 


II 


MEMOIR 


or  THO 


?i 


H 


ON 


JAMES     De     LANCEY 


LIEUTENANT  GOVERNOR 


OF  THE 


PROVINCE   OF   NEW   YORK, 


BY 


Edward  F.  De  Lancet. 


Vol.  it. 


79 


■#-#« 


MEMOIR 


or    THC 

HON'OURABLE  JAMES   DE  LANCEY : 

LIEUTENAST-GOVBRNOR  OF  THE  PROVINCE  O   NEW  YORK. 


This  distinguished  man  was  the  oldest  son  of  Elienne  or  Stephen  D  '<«  iicey  a  French  Huguenot 
gentleman  of  the  City  of  Caen  in  Normandy,  wlio,  driven  from  Franco  l)y  the  per  cution  of  1081, 
fled  witli  numbers  of  Ids  countrymen  to  the  new  world.  '  i-i  i'tilonged  tu  an  .  ";lent  family  in 
Picardy,  and  on  being  obliged  to  fly  from  France,  on  ace*  nnt  ^.f  tiie  religious  persecution  which 
disgraced  those  days,  he  went  tirst  to  Rotterdam  in  Holland,  and  after  remaining  iu  that  iiorpit  ble 
land  for  two  or  three  years  crossed  over  to  England.  There  on  the  U'h  of  March  1086,  he  took 
out  letters  patent  of  denization  under  the  great  seal,  and  shortly  atterwards  sailed  ibr  New  York, 
where  he  arrived  on  the  seventh  of  the  following  June'. 

On  the  23''  of  January  1700  he  married  Anne  second  laughter  of  the  Hon.  Stephanus  Van 
Cortlandt,  an  opulent  and  highly  respectable  citizen  of  New  York,  of  wldch  mai-riage  was  issue 
James  De  Lancey,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  who  was  born  in  New  York  city  in  1702,  and  was 
the  eldest  uf  seven  children  ;  five  sons  and  two  daugliters.  His  eldest  sister,  Susannali,  became  the 
wife  of  Capt.  afterwards  Vice  Admiral  Sir  Peter  Warren  KB.  Anne,  the  youngest,  married  tlie  Hon. 
John  Watts  of  New  York.  Of  his  brothers,  two,  Stephen  and  John,  died  unmarried  in  early  manhood  ; 
the  other  two,  Peter  and  Oliver,  became  nier  'f  note  in  the  colony.  The  former  resided  at  the 
borough  of  West  Chester  which  he  represen .^.i  ''-.■;  years  in  the  Assembly  ;  Oliver,  the  youngest  of 
the  brothers,  was  most  of  his  life  Commander  of  the  forces  of  the  colony,  was  also  a  member  of 
the  Assembly  and  of  the  Council,  Receiver-General  of  New  York,  and  the  senior  Loyalist 
Brigadier-General  in  commission  in  the  ■'.  ttr  of  the  Revolution. 

After  having  attended  the  best  scho  »ls  the  Colony  then  afforded,  James  De  Lancey  was  sent  to 
England  to  prosecute  his  studies,  and  entered  as  a  Fellow-Commoner  of  Corpus  Christi  college  in 
the  University  of  Cambridge,  on  the  second  of  October,  1721."  Tlie  Master  of  Corpus  at  that 
time  was  Dr.  Samuel  Bradford,  afterwards  bishop  of  Carlisle,  and  next  of  Rochester,  And  the 
gentleman  whom  young  De  Lancey  chose  as  his  Tutor,  was  the  learned  Dr.  Thomas  Herring,  who 
became  successively  Bishop  of  Bangor,  Arclibishop  of  York,  and  Arctibishop  of  Canterbury. 

This  choice  proved  afterwards  of  great  advantage  to  James  De  Lancey,  tor  the  master  and  pupil 
kept  up  their  intimacy  by  letter  long  &f''.et  tlie  one  became  primate  of  all  England  the  other  was  ii; 


'ii 


1  M.  T.  Ah.  Jour.  I,  616. 


2  Lamb's  MtttoHB  Hiat.  of  Corp.  Christ.  Coll  Cambridge. 


628 


MEMOIR  OF  THE   HOM.   JAMES   DE   LANCEY. 


office  in  liis  native  land ;  and  in  the  various  political  controversies  in  which  the  latter  became 
afterwards  engaged,  the  archbishop's  influence  was  always  exerted  in  his  behalf  in  the  councils  of 
their  Sovereign.  How  ^ong  Mr.  De  Lancey  remained  at  the  University  is  uncertain,  as  he 
entered  at  an  advanced  period  and  not  at  the  beginning  of  the  academic  course.  Towards  the  close 
of  1725,  he  returned  to  New  York. '  Admittted,  soon  after  liis  arrival,  to  the  bar,  he  commenced  the 
practice  of  liis  profession  in  Ids  native  city,  and  soon  rose  to  that  eminence  to  which  his  great 
natural  abilities  and  sound  and  cultivated  judgment  entitled  him.  He  was  early  distinguished 
for  tlie  active  and  responsible  part  whicli  he  took  in  political  ailairs.  Tliree  years  after  his  return, 
Gov.  Montgonierie  upon  the  death  of  Mr.  John  Barbaric,  recommended  him  as  that  gentleman's 
successor  in  the  Council  of  the  Province.  In  his  letter  to  the  Lords  Commissioners  for  Trade  and 
Plantations*  dated  May  30"',  1728,  tlie  Governor  says  :  "lam  now  fully  convinced  that  it  will  be 
for  his  Miijesty's  service  to  appoint  Mr.  James  De  Lancey  to  be  one  of  the  Council  here.  He  is  every 
way  qualified  for  the  post ;  his  Father  is  un  eminent  mercliaut,  a  member  of  the  Assembly,  one  of 
the  richest  men  of  the  Province,  and  he  his  eldest  son.  I  beg  your  Lordsliips  will  recommend 
liira  as  a  proper  person  to  succeed  Mr.  Barbaric." 

Tlie  board  followed  the  Governor's  suggestion  and  did  recommend  liim  to  the  King,  George  II.,  by 
whom  lie  was  called  up  to  the  council  by  mnndamus  bearing  date  Jan.  26"',  i729.» 

Sliortly  before  he  entered  the  council  Mr.  De  Lancey  married  Miss  Anne  Heathcote,  the  eldest 
of  the  two  daughters  of  Hon.  Caleb  Heathcote  a  Councillor  of  the  Province,  and  Receiver  General 
of  Ills  Majesty's  Customs  in  North  America.*  Already  through  his  professional  exertions,  and  the 
liberality  of  Ills  father,  in  very  easy  circumstances,  this  marriage  made  Mr.  De  Lancey  a  wealthy 
man',  for  Miss  Heathcote  inherited  upon  her  father's  death  one  half  of  his  large  estate,  real  and 
personal ;  tlie  latter  alone  amounting  to  upwards  of  £10,000  sterling  and  the  former  being  one  of  the 
largest  landed  estates  in  the  Province. 

Stephen  De  Lancey,  his  father,  died  in  1741,  upwards  of  80  years  of  age,  "worth  at  least 
Xl 00,000  gained  by  his  own  honest  industry,  and  that  with  credit,  honor  and  reputation.""  Besides 
which  he  possessed  large  tracts  of  land  on  New  York  Island  i  nd  in  Westchester,  and  Ulster  counties. 
The  whole  of  which  estate  he  left  to  his  five  surviving  children  equally,''  and  the  share  which  thus 
fell  to  James  De  Lancey,  added  to  what  he  already  possessed,  made  him  one  of  the  richest  men  in 
America. 

1  Lond.  Doc.  XXXI.,  136.  2  Lond.  Doc.  XXIV.,  15.  3  Smith's  Hist.  N.  T.  i.  245. 

4  Tliis  gentleman  was  a  son  of  Gilbert  Heathcote,  Mayor  of  Clicster  in  England,  and  was  a  merchant  and  a  man  of  wealth 
in  that  country.  The  cause  of  Iiis  emigration  was  very  diflTcrent  from  tliat  wliich  brought  most  Englishmen  to  America.  He 
was  engaged  to  a  very  beautiful  lady,  to  whom  he  introduced  his  eldest  brother,  Sir  Gilbert  Heathcote,  (afterwards  M.  P.  for 
London,  and  Lord  Mayor  of  that  city  in  1711,  at  the  very  time  his  brother  was  Mayor  of  New  York,  and  one  of  the  chief 
founders  and  the  first  governor  of  the  Bank  of  England),  a  circumstance  most  unfortunate  for  him,  for  the  lady  soon  found 
she  preferred  the  elder  brother,  and  broke  her  engagement  with  the  younger,  who  at  once  left  England  and  came  to  New 
York,  where  he  arrived  in  1692.  He  bought  large  tracts  of  land  in  Westchester,  from  Indians  and  others,  which  he  had 
erected  into  a  manor  called  the  Manor  of  Scarsdalc,  He  became  a  loading  man  in  the  colony,  was  judge  of  Westchester  and 
Colonel  of  its  militia  all  his  life,  first  Mayor  of  the  borough  of  Westchester,  a  Councillor  of  the  Province,  Mayor  of  New  York 
for  three  years,  for  a  time  Commander  of  the  colony's  forces  and  from  1715  to  his  death,  in  1721,  Koceiver  General  of  the 
customs  for  all  North  America.  He  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Col.  (Tangier)  Smith,  of  Long  Island,  so  called  from  having 
been  governor  of  that  city  in  Charles  2d's  time,  and  left  two  daughters:  Anne  who  married  James  De  Lancey  and  Martha 
married  to  Lewis   Johnston,  M.  D.,  of  Perth  Amboy. 

5  When  he  first  opened  his  oftice  after  his  return  from  England,  his  father  gave  him  X3000  currency  towards  "his  advance- 
ment in  the  world,"  as  the  recital  in  his  Will  e.xprsses  it.     See  Will,  N.  Y.  Surrogate's  ofl!ice,  XIV.,  91  tc. 

6  Jones'  Mss.  Hist,  of  N,  Y.  7  Will  Book  XIV.,  01 ,  N.  Y.  Surrogate's  office 


MfiMOIR  OF  THE  HON.  JAMES   OE   LANCET. 


m 


■U 


The  two  puisne  Judgeships  of  the  Supreme  Court  becoming  vacant  in  1731,  Mr.  De  Lancey  was 
appointed  to  be  second,  and  Mr.  Adolph  Phillipse  third  judge.  Tlieir  commissions  bear  date  the 
same  day,  June  24">,  1731.  Up  to  this  time  Mr.  De  Lancey  liad  been  steadily  practising  his  profes- 
sion, and  had  acquired  the  cliaracter  of  an  able  advocate  and  an  honest  lawyer.  His  fellow  barristers 
were  men  well  known,  and  nearly  all  his  seniors  in  age.  Among  tliem  were  Joseph  Murray, 
James  Alexander,  Francis  Harrison  and  William  Smith,  the  elder. 

In  1730  a  new  charter  was  granted  to  New  York,  the  corporation  ot  which,  in  token  of  Mr.  De 
Lancey's  zealous  exertions  in  their  favor  iipon  the  occasion,  presented  him  with  the  freedom  of  the 
city,  being  the  first  person  to  whom  they  voted  that  honor  under  the  new  instrument. 

Upon  the  death  of  Montgomerie  in  July  1731,  Rip  Van  Dam,  the  eldest  councillor,  succeeded  to 
the  command  and  retained  it  till  August  2«>,  1732,  when  Col  William  Cosby,  the  new  Governor, 
arrived  and  took  tlie  reins  of  government.  The  great  dispute  concerning  the  salary  soon  after 
arose  between  them.  Van  Dam  having  received  the  whole,  and  Mr.  Cosby  producing  an  order  in 
Council,  dated  May  31",  1732,  and  given  to  him  in  England  soon  after  his  appointment,  directing 
its  equal  division  between  them.  Mr.  Van  Dam  would  agree  to  this  if  Mr.  Cosby  would  also  divide 
certain  funds  which  he  alleged  came  to  his  hands  in  England  The  Governor  declined  this  proposal, 
as  the  order  referred  only  to  the  salary  given  by  the  colony  and  the  perquisites  arising  from  the 
granting  of  lands  within  its  limits. 

Van  Dam  then  refused  to  pay  over  any  thing  and  claimed  a  balance  as  due  to  himself.  The 
Governor  was  thus  compelled  either  to  institute  legal  proceedings  or  give  up  his  claim.  Being  a 
matter  of  account  and  therefore  cognizable  only  in  a  court  of  Equity,  an  action  could  not  be 
brought  in  the  Supreme  Court  which  was  a  court  of  Law.  Being  Chancellor  ex  officio  the  Governor 
was  shut  out  from  the  Chancery  as  he  could  not  of  course  hear  his  own  cause.  He  proceeded 
therefore  before  the  Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court  as  Barons  of  the  Exchequer.  This  Court  which 
had  sat  occasionally  before,  and  the  Chancery  were  however  extremely  unpopular,  owing  to  a  strange 
but  inveterate  prejudice  against  Courts  of  Equity  which  very  early  seized  the  people  of  New  York. 

Taking  advantage  of  the  popular  feeling  Mr.  Van  Dam's  counsel  pleaded  to  the  jurisdiction,  but 
the  exception  after  full  argument  was  overruled  by  the  Court,  the  Barons  standing  two  to  one 
Judges  De  Lancey  and  Pliillipse  in  the  affirmative  and  Chief  Justice  Lewis  Morris  in  the  negative. 
Tlie  latter  delivered  a  dissenting  opinion,  on  this  occasion  reflecting  upon  Gov.  Cosby,  who  shortly 
after  requested  a  copy  of  it  in  writing.  This  irritated  the  Chief  Justice,  who  took  the  unheard  of 
course  of  sending  him  a  copy  in  print,  with  a  very  insulting  letter,'  and  at  the  same  time  published 
botli  to  the  world.  Tliis  extraordinry  and  insulting  conduct  of  the  highest  judicial  officer  of  the 
colony  rendered  Gov.  Cosby  very  indignant,  and  he  at  once  wrote  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  then 
minister,  regarding  tlie  Chief  Justice's  conduct  and  urged  his  removal  from  office.*  To  this  letter, 
dated  May  S**,  1733,  lie  must  have  received  an  early  answer  from  the  Duke  coinciding  with  his 
views,  for  on  the  21»'  ol  the  following  August,  Mr.  Morris  was  removed  from  office  and  James  De 
Lancey  was  appointed  Chief  Justice  of  New  York'  in  his  stead. 

The  appointment  was  made  under  the  usual  clause  in  the  Governor's  commissions,  which 
authorized  them  to  "  constitute  and  appoint  judges."  A  power  which  they  exercised  independently 
of  the  council,  and  not  with  its  "advice  and  consent,"  as  in  the  erection  of  courts  and  the 
exercise  of  a  few  other  powers.* 

1  Bolton's  Hist,  of  Westchester;  II.,  307. 

2  Cosby's  Letter,  dated  May  8d,  1733,  in  Lond.  Doc:  XXIV.,  232. 

8  His.  Comn.  is  recorded  in  Book  of  Comns.,  III.,  272  in  Sec.  of  State's  Office,  Albany 

4  See  similar  clanse  in  Sir  Danvers  Osborn's  Commission.     Appendix  to  Smith's  Hist,  of  K  T.I.  29S. 


1] 

li 


IltI 


'I 


11 


680 


HKMOIH  OF  THE  HON.    JAMES    DE  L&NCEY. 


!i' 


About  two  years  afterwards  came  on  before  the  Supreme  Court  the  famous  trial  of  John  Peter 
Zenger  for  a  series  of  libels  on  the  Governor  and  chief  officers  of  the  colony.  He  was  a  printer  by 
trade ;  in  arrears  to  a  small  arnount  as  collector  of  taxes  in  the  city,  and  the  Assembly  had  refused 
to  allow  liira  to  discharge  the  small  debt  by  doing  public  printing  enough  to  cover  it.  ■ 

He  subsequently  published  a  small  paper  entitled  tiie  New  York  Weekly  Journal,  at  the  instance 
of  the  opposition,  in  wiiich  tlie  libels  complained  of  were  published.  His  counsel  were  James 
Alexander  and  Wm.  Smith  the  elder,  the  supposed  authors  of  tlie  libels,  two  gentlemen  of  ability  and 
intellect,  both  politically  opposed  to  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey. 

Aware  that  the  law  would  certainly  convict  their  client  they  attempted  to  destroy  the  court,  by 
excepting  to  the  commissions  of  the  judges  as  invalid  and  illegal ;  though  they  knew  them  to  be  in 
the  usual  form,  and  such  as  their  predecessors  had  always  held,  and  under  which  they  had  acted 
for  a  number  of  years.  Their  objections,  if  valid,  would  have  destroyed  the  court  as  well  as  tho 
commissions,  for  it  existed  not  by  lorce  of  any  statute,  as  they  contended,  but  by  virtue  of  an  oi-dinunce 
of  the  Governor  and  Council,  dated  May  15"',  1699."  A  formal  denial  of  its  existence  deliberately 
made  was  therefore  a  gross  contempt  of  court,  and  the  Chief  Justice  from  the  bench  warned  the 
counsel  of  the  consequences.  But  tliey  persisted  in  tendering  the  exceptions,  upon  which  the  court 
made  an  order  striking  their  names  from  its  rolls  and  excluding  them  from  further  practice.  Zenger 
being  unable  to  procure  other  counsel,  tlie  Court  assigned  him  Mr.  Joseph  Murray,  with  whom  the 
silenced  lawyers  associated  Mr.  Hamilton  of  Philadelphia,  who  made  so  artful  an  address  to  the  Jury 
at  the  trial  a  few  days  al'terwards  "  that,"  in  tlie  words  of  one  of  tlicir  own  friends,'  "when  he  left 
his  client  in  tliose  hands,  such  was  the  fraudful  dexterity  of  the  orator,  and  the  severity  of  his 
invectives  upon  the  Governor  and  his  adherents,  that  tlie  Jury  missing  the  true  issue  before  them, 
they,  as  if  triers  of  their  rulers,  rather  than  of  Zenger,  pronounced  the  criminal  innocent  because 
they  believed  them  to  be  guilty."* 

Chief  Justice  De  Lancey's  course  on  this  occasion  has  been  much  misunderstood,  owing  to  tlie 
fact,  tliat  tlie  only  report  of  the  trial  was  that  published  by  Zenger  himself,  written  by  the  silenced 
lawyers,  and  printed,  not  in  New  York  but  in  Boston,  in  1738,  three  years  after  the  trial,  which  of 
coiU'Se  represents  him  in  the  worst  possible  light.  Taking  the  facts  of  the  case,  however,  as  given 
even  there,  it  would  be  difficult  to  point  out  any  other  course  which  the  court  could  have  taken 
consistently  with  its  own  dignity  and  self-respect. 

At  this  period,  and  from  these  controvei-sies  and  others  allied  to  them,  arose  the  two  great 
parties,  which  ever  afferwanls  divided  tlie  people  of  the  Province.  The  one  maintaining  principles 
moderate  and  conservative ;  the  otlier,  those  of  a  more  radical  tendency. 

Both  prolessed  the  strongest  attiichmeiit  and  loyalty  to  the  British  constitution,  and  vied  with 
each  other  in  claiming  'ind  upholding  all  tlie  rights  of  Englishmen, 

1  The  following  entry  explains  Zengcr's  difflcultios; — '■  '^cpt.  8,  1731.  Tho  petition  of  John  Peter  Zengei'  wum  prcsientcd 
to  the  Ilonse  and  read,  setting  forth,  that  he  having  l)ceii  <  hoson  Collector  of  sundry  puhlic  Taxes  in  tho  city  of  Now  York, 
was  prevented  from  gathering  the  same,  wlii-n  tliey  should  have  iH'en  collected,  hy  reason  lie  fell  under  some  Troulile  IVom 
his  creditors  at  that  time,  that  hy  Kenioval  of  some  and  Insolvency  of  others,  rated  in  tlic  said  Taxes,  there  is  ahout  Twenty 
three  pounds  irrecoverable;  that,  including  tlie  s;iid  sum,  ho  remains  accountable  to  the  Province,  for  the  gum  of  Forty 
pounds  and  upwards,  foi  which  he  is  informed  Writs  are  issued  against  him.  And  that  he  being  unable  to  pay  the  mme, 
has  been  forced  to  keep  out  of  the  way,  but  proposes  to  discharge  in  his  way  of  Printing,  at  tho  most  moderate  knd  reasonable 
wagi's.  And  tlieri'fore  prays  that  Pinsi'culiou  against  him  be  stayed,  and  lie  employed  in  printing  for  the  Puhlick.  Ordered, 
Tliat  the  said  Petition  lie  on  tho  Table."— N.  Y.  Ahsembly  Journal;  I.,  G27,  630. 

2  N.  Y.  Hist.  Soc.  Collections;  III.,  350. 
8  Smith'sIIiat.N.T.;II.,'J2. 

4  See  Report  of  the  trial  published  by  Ziiiger  liiinself,  in   Boston,  1738. 


MEMOIR   OF   THE   HON.    JAMES   DE   LANCET. 


631 


In  New  York,  as  in  some  of  the  other  colonies,  the  religious  element  entered  largely  into  politics. 
In  point  of  wealth  and  influence  the  Episcopalians  were  the  leading  denomination,  tliu  Diitoli 
Refornied  Church  came  next,  and  the  Presbyterians  last;  while  in  point  of  numbers  tln-ir  positions 
•were  exactly  reversed,  the  Presbyterians  outnumbering  the  Dutch,  and  tlie  Dutch  the  Eplscopnlluns. 
The  last  with  most  of  the  Dutch  chiefly  belonged  to  the  conservative  party ;  while  the  remainder  of 
the  Dutch,  and  the  Presbyterians  almost  to  a  man,  were  found  in  the  ranlcs  of  the  opposition. 

Another  and  very  striking  peculiarity  in  the  composition  of  the  colonial  parties,  was  tlie  remarka- 
ble preponderance  of  tlie  wet^tli  and  social  position  of  tlie  Province  on  the  side  of  the  conservatives. 
In  their  ranks  were  found  the  Phillpses,  Van  Cortlandts,  De  Lanceys,  Bayards,  Crngej-s,  Watlses, 
Waltons,  Van  Rensselaers,  Beekmans,  Bleeckers,  Barclays,  Joneses  of  Long  Island,  Jays,  Verpluncks, 
Harrisons,  and  other  substantial  families,  wliile  in  those  of  the  opposition,  the  Livingstons,  Morrises, 
Alexanders  and  perhaps  the  Smiths  and  one  or  two  more  were  probably  all  that  belonged  to  the 
same  class. 

The  political  contests  were  consequently  warm  and  spirited,  but  always  in  the  end  terminated  in 
favor  of  the  conservatives,  one  of  whose  cliief  leaders  was  James  De  Lancey.  The  entbrcenient  of 
Cosby's  claim  against  Van  Dam,  and  the  prosecution  and  trial  of  Zenger,  were,  however,  though 
both  in  strict  accordance  with  the  principles  of  Justice  and  the  law  of  tlie  land,  against  the  impiilar 
feelings,  which  had  been  excited  by  the  cry  that  the  people's  rights  were  perilled  by  the  establisli- 
ment  of  Equity  Courts,  and  that  the  liberty  of  the  press  was  in  danger.  This  feeling  increased 
largely  by  the  unprincipled  attempts  of  Gov.  Cosby,  just  before  his  death  in  1736,  to  invalidate  certain 
land  patents  on  Long  Island  and  in  the  Mohawk  Valley,'  was  so  intense  that  upon  the  dissolution 
of  the  old  Assembly,  in  1737,  by  Lt.  Gov.  Clark  who  succeeded  him,  the  radical  party  carried  the 
election  which  immediately  followed. 

But  the  triumph  of  the  opposition  was  of  very  short  duration.  Lt.  Gov.  Clark,  aware  that  the 
Council  was  strongly  conservative,  attempted  to  take  a  middle  course,  which  lost  him  the  confidence 
of  that  body.  Discovering  tliis,  he  determined,  in  order  to  regain  it,  to  break  down  the  opposition 
by  intriguing  with  their  leaders  to  place  them  in  office. 

Lewis  Morris,  Jr.,  the  Speaker,  Mr.  Simon  Johnson  and  the  other  prominent  men  entered  into 
his  views  and  accepted  his  offers,  but  the  Council  refused  to  give  their  consent.  In  this  unl'ortunato 
dilemma  their  intrigues  became  public,  and  the  lessons  of  hatred  and  contempt  for  men  in  ofllco 
which  they  had  taught  the  people  for  the  last  few  years,  reacted  so  powerfully  upon  themselves,  that 
"  they  instantly  fell  from  the  heights  of  popularity  into  the  most  abject  contempt."'  This  proof  of 
the  absence  of  principle  in  their  leaders  destroyed  the  opposition.  A  dissolution  of  the  Assembly 
soon  followed,  and  in  the  new  elections  the  conservatives  regained  their  power.  This  ascendancy 
was  henceforward  maintained,  and  their  party  became  supreme  in  the  colony.  The  people, 
disgusted  with  their  old  leaders,  gave  it  a  cordial  support,  and  the  affairs  of  the  Province  continued 
in  its  keeping  for  a  long  series  of  years. 

During  this  period  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey  not  only  discharged  the  responsible  duties  of  his  office 
to  the  satisfaction  of  the  colony,  and  with  credit  to  himself,  but  was  regarded  on  all  sides  as  the 
acknowledged  leader  of  the  Council,  a  position  he  retained  throughout  the  administration  of  Cosby, 
Clark  and  Clinton,  and  until  his  own  accession  ♦o  the  command  of  the  Province  as  Lieutenant 
Governor  in  1753,  a  period  of  upwards  of  twenty  years. 

He  was  engaged  also  at  times  in  important  public  mattera  in  other  colonies.  Among  other  trusts 
of  this  nature  he  was  appointed  by  the  King  one  of  the  commissioners  to  settle  the  disputed 


m 


1  Smith's  Hittoiy  of  N.  T.;  H.,  24. 


t  Smith's  Hiat.  N.  T. ;  II.,  U. 


I 


■ii; 


m 


!i 


jit; 


iiii 


I 


m 


HfMOW  or  TUS  UOM.  JAMXa  OS  UMCKt. 


^und^  between  Massachusetts  aud  Rhode  Island  in  1741 ,  and  was  an  active  member  of  the  board. 
Neither  province  was  satisfied  with  the  result,  and  both  apiiealeil  to  tlie  King  iu  council.  But  the 
question  remained  an  open  one  between  the  parties  both  as  provinces  and  states,  and  was  dettir  jiined 
in  1846  or  184'^,  curiously  enough,  upon  almost  the  very  line  marked  out  by  the  Royal  Commis- 
sioners more  than  a  century  before.  ■  A  notice  to  reconsider  tlie  subject  lias  however  been  recently 
given  in  the  Massachusetts  legislature. 

During  the  first  few  years  of  Gov.  Clinton's  administratlou  harmony  prevailed  in  the  govern- 
ment. He  reposed  great  confidence  in  the  Chief  Justice  and  the  conservatives,  wliich  he  manifested 
by  presenting  the  former,  of  his  own  accord,  as  it  ap^iears,  with  a  new  commission  as  Chief  Justice 
"during  good  behavior,"  or,  in  other  words,  for  lite,  dated  September  14'i>,  1744,  in  place  of  his 
former  one,  the  tenure  of  which  was  only  "  during  pleasure."  Not  long  after,  however,  Mr. 
Clinton  recommended  certain  measures  which  did  not  meet  the  approbation  of  either  the  Council  or 
the  Assembly,  the  most  objectionable  of  which  was  the  demand  of  un  independent  support  for  a  term 
of  years,  in  place  of  the  annual  appropriation  hithei'to  made.  This  produced  a  rupture  between 
him  and  those  tx)dics,  and  he  consequently  withdrew  his  confidence  from  the  conservatives,  who 
opposed  liis  measures,  so  that  from  1746  to  the  end  of  his  administration,  in  1753,  they  were  in 
continual  opposition  to  the  dominant  party  in  tlie  colony  and  in  the  legislature. 

The  Cluef  Justice  took  an  active  part  in  these  disputes  and  exerted  all  his  power  in  favor  of 
the  people  and  against  the  Governor,  who  had  thrown  himself  into  the  arms  of  Dr.  Golden,  and  the 
Chief  Justice's  old  opponents,  Mr.  Smith  and  Mr.  Alexander. 

The  influence  possessed  by  Cluef  Justice  De  Lancey  during  this  i)eriod  was  greater,  perhaps, 
than  that  which  any  single  individual  ever  exerted  in  New  York  prior  to  the  Revolution.  Smith, 
the  author  of  the  History  of  tlie  colony,  the  son  of  William  Smith,  tlie  elder,  the  rival  and  opponent 
of  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey,  tlius  speaks  of  it,  as  manifested  by  the  result  of  the  election  of  1752, 
which  turned  upon  the  questions  involved  in  the  controversies  with  Clinton.'  "The  influence 
of  the  Chief  Justice  was,  nevertheless,  so  prevalent  that  he  had  a  great  mojority  of  friends  and 
relations  in  the  new  Assembly,  convened  on  the  24"'  day  of  October,  1752."  "  It  may  gratify  the 
curiosity  of  the  reader  to  know,  that  of  the  Members  of  this  Assembly,  Mr.  Chief  Justice  De 
Lancey  was  nephew  to  Cul.  Beekman,  brother  to  Peter  De  Lancey,  brother-in-law  to  John  Watts, 
cousin  to  Philip  Ver  Planck,  and  John  Baptist  Van  Rensselaer  ;  tltat  Mr.  Jones,  the  speaker,  Mr. 
Richard,  Mr.  Walton,  Mr.  Cruger,  Mr.  Phillipse,  Mr.  Winner  and  Mr.  L«  Count,  were  of  his  most 
intimate  acquaintances;  and  that  these  twelve  of  the  twenty-seven  wiiich  composed  the  whole 
house,  held  his  character  and  sentiments  in  the  highest  esteem.  Of  the  remaining  fifteen  he  only 
wanted  one  to  gaiu  a  majority  under  his  influence,  than  which  uotliiug  was  more  certain ;  for 
except  Mr.  Livingston,  who  represented  his  own  manor,  tliero  was  not  among  the  rest  a  man  of 
education  or  abihties  quahfied  for  the  station  they  were  in.  They  were,  in  general,  farmers  and 
directed  by  one  or  more  of  the  twelve  members  above  named.  Of  the  whole  House  the  only 
wealthy,  able  member,  neither  connected  with  Mr.  De  Lancey  aor  within  the  sphere  of  his  influence, 
was  Mr.  Livingston. 

"  His  station  on  the  bench  with  the  independent  tenure  of  good  behaviour,  added  to  his  amazing 
power,  which  was  again  augmented  by  the  inferior  abilities  of  his  assistants  and  his  incessant 
assiduity,  joined  to  his  own  afiSuence,  and  that  of  his  tamily,  ia  cultivating  all  the  arts  of  popularity 
from  the  moment  he  was  disgusted  by  Mr.  Clarke  in  1737." 

1  Sm  original  "  Book  of  MtontM  of  the  Com'i''  In  Sce'i  oOee,  Albany. 

2  Hirt.  N.  T.  II.,  U2,  U.1. 


I 

ft 

'1l 


MEMOIR  OP  THE   flON.   JAATES   DE  LANCET. 


633 


In  tlie  autumn  of  the  next  year,  1753,  Gov.  Clinton  was  superseded  in  the  command  of  the 
Province  l\v  Sir  Danvers  Oshorn.  On  tlie  tentli  of  October,  in  tlint  year,  the  new  Governor  was 
sworn  in,  in  t!ic  presence  of  tlie  Coinicil,  and  received  tlie  seals  from  Governor  Clinton,  who  at  the 
Same  time  produced  and  delivered  to  Chief  Justice  De  Lancey,  a  commission  as  Lieutenant 
Governor  dated  Oct  24">  1717,  which  he  had  kept  back  in  his  own  hands  until  this  time.  This 
comm.ssion,  under  the  sign  manual  of  George  II.,  had  passed  the  seals  nearly  six  years  before,  and 
had  been  in  Gov.  Clinton's  keeping  ever  since,  who  either  from  jealousy  or  fear  of  the  Chief  Justice, 
suppressed  it  till  he  could  do  so  no  longer. ' 

The  facts  relative  to  this  commission  and  its  suppression,  reveal  the  determination  of  Gov. 
Clinton  and  his  adviser.^,  S.nith  and  Alexander,  to  undermine  the  Chief  Justice  in  England,  when 
they  fiuuid  tliey  could  not  sliake  his  power  in  New  York.  Tiie  course  of  the  latter  was  approved  by 
tl)e  IToiiie  Guvernmcnt,  or  lie  never  wojild  have  been  appointed  Lieut.  Governor,  esi)ecially  at  the 
time  when  tiie  promoficm  was  made,  for  during  the  whole  of  1717  (Jov.  Clinton  and  Dr.  Culden 
were  continually  writing  to  tlie  Dukes  of  New  Castle  and  Bedford,  two  of  the  ministry,  greviously 
complaining  of  him  and  his  party."  They  even  went  so  fur  as  to  ask  his  removal  from  tlie  C'lief 
Justiceship.  On  tlie  eiglith  of  November,  1747,  only  fifteen  days  after  his  commission  of  Lt. 
Governor  was  signed  by  the  King  in  London,  and  of  course  before  he  thought  such  a  step  was 
contemplated,  Gov.  Clinton  wrote  from  New  York  to  Mr.  under  secretary  Stone,  recommending 
tile  Ciiief  Justice's  removal  from  office,  and  the  next  day,  the  ninth,  he  wrote  another  letter  to 
the  Duke  of  New  Castle,  urging  the  same  step. ' 

Finding  however  that  he  was  promoted  instead  of  disgraced,  Mr.  Clinton  on  the  13""  of  Feb. 
1748,  sent  a  sort  of  remonstrance  to  the  Duke  stating  that  Mr.  De  Lancey's  advancement  to  tie 
Lieutenant  Governor  was  very  imhappy  for  the  Province  and  piejndicial  to  himself.*  This  s.uC 
of  warfare  was  unceasingly  kept  up  as  long  as  Clinton  remained  in  office,  and  while  he  actually 
had  Mr.  De  Lancey's  commission  as  Lt.  Governor  in  his  hands. 

In  1751  the  enemies  of  Mr.  De  Lancey  changed  their  plan  of  operations.  On  t]ie28">  of  February 
Gov.  Clinton  sent  a  formal  "  memorial"  to  the  Duke  of  Bedford  praying  that  gentleman's  removal 
from  the  office  of  Lieutenant  Governor,  and  the  appointment  of  another  in  his  place.*  This  was 
followed,  on  the  S""  of  April,  by  a  letter  to  the  Board  of  Trade  requesting  his  "  suspension"  from  the 
Lieut.  Governorship,"  and  on  the  18"'  of  July  Dr.  Colden  was  recommended  as  President  of  the 
council,'  so  that  he  might  be  ready  to  succeed  Mr.  Clinton,  if  the  "suspension"  took  place.  At 
the  same  time  an  intrigue  was  set  on  foot,  as  appears  from  a  letter  of  Mr.  Charles,  the  colony's 
agent  in  London,  to  the  speaker  of  the  Assembly,''  to  get  Mr.  Robt.  Hunter  Morris  appointed 
Lieutenant  Governor  of  New  York ;  Gov.  Clinton  and  his  friends  being  determined,  if  It  were  possible, 
to  oust  Lt.  Gov.  De  Lancey  from  his  office  by  any  means  in  their  power. 

But  all  these  efforts  were  utterly  futile.  Mr.  Clinton  was  not  only  compelled,  in  the  end,  to  deliver 
up  to  Mr.  De  Lancey  his  commission,  but  to  undergo  the  further  mortification  of  witnessing  the 
manifestations  of  popular  pleasure  which  the  announcement  of  the  fact  produced.'  Two  days  after- 
wards, on  the  12'h  October,  1753,  occurred  the  tragical  death  of  Sir  Danvers  Osborne,  who  committed 
suicide  in  a  fit  of  insanity,  and  the  command  of  the  province  immediately  devolved  upon  Mr.  De 
Lancey.    His  accession  was  hailed  with  general  delight,  for  his  long  service  as  Chief  Justice,  having 

1  Tho  original  eommisaion  ia  in  ttie  posseKiion  of  tbe  Lt.  Governor's  grand-son,  tlie  Rt.  Rev.  William  H.  De  Lancey,  Bishop  of  Western 
New  York;  it  was  also  recorJcd  in  book  of  Comns.  IV.,  12?,  in  See's  of  States  office,  Albany. 

2  See  their  various  letters  in  London  Document  XXVIII.,  Secretary  of  State's  o6Dce,  Albany. 

3  Ibid.,  215,  219.  4  Ibid.  23S.  S  Ibid.,  210.  6  Ibid:  XXX.,  .■!54.  7  Ibid.,  261. 
•  SiBith'i  Oiit.  K.  T.  II.,  145,  U6.                                                          9  Smith's  UUt.  N.  V.  II.,  162. 


(fl 

•,  i' 


Vol.  it. 


t9 


W^ 


«S1 


MCMOta   or  THE  HON.   JAMES   DC   LAVCET. 


is' 


I 


traveled  the  circuits  upwards  of  twenty  years,  had  made  the  people  of  the  Province  thoroughly 
acquainted  with  Iiim  ;  and  tlie  approval  of  Iiis  elevation,  ..hich  tliey  now  manifested,  showed  how 
highly  tliey  esteemed  liis  cluiracter  and  capacity. 

At  tliis  time  the  agitation  of  tlie  great  question  of  the  day,  regarding  the  support  of  Govern- 
ment, was  at  its  lieiglit.  Tlie  "  instructions,"  wliich  accompanied  ttie  commissions  of  the  Colonial 
Governors,  provided  tliat  acts  giving  a  permanent  support  for  five  years,  should  be  passed  hy  the 
Assembly  as  often  as  was  necessary.  Tliis  liad  always  been  done  previous  to  1737 ;  but  finding  that 
the  certainty  of  a  support  for  so  long  a  period  rendered  the  Governors  very  independent,  and  gave 
rise  to  prodigality  of  different  kinds,  the  Assembly  of  that  year  determined  tliat  tlie  support  acts 
should  be  annual  for  the  future  in  spite  of  the  "instructions."  This  was  i-onsidered  an  encroach- 
ment ujwn  tlie  royal  prerogative  and  as  such  was  strongly  resisted. 

From  that  time  tliis  subject  caused  great  struggles  between  the  Assembly  and  the  Governors ; 
but  the  former  would  only  pass  annual  bills,  though  the  latter  always  asked  those  for  five  yeai-s. 
Gov.  Clinton,  during  the  first  tliree  years  of  liis  administration,  signed  a^-.aal  bills — then  he  refused 
to  do  it  any  longer  and  demanded  a  revenue  for  five  years,  which  caused  tlie  rupture  between 
himself  and  Chief  Justice  Do  I^ancey  and  tlie  conservative  party,  who  were  warmly  in  favor  of  the 
annual  mode  of  support.  A  long  and  severe  contest  followed  in  which  the  nearly  general  voice  of 
the  province  was  witli  the  conservatives,  wliile  curiously  enough  the  supporters  of  tlie  Governor 
were  Mr.  Smitli,  Mr.  Alexander  and  their  friends,  wlio  were  the  original  proposers  of  the  annua) 
mode  in  1737.' 

In  the  midst  of  this  contest  of  the  people  against  tlie  prerogative,  with  his  feelings,  opinions  and 
political  sentiments  altogether  on  the  jKjpular  side,  the  Lt.  Governor  found  himself  unexpectedly 
called  to  the  supreme  command.  Tlie  thirty-ninth  of  tlie  new  "  instructions,"  which  Sir  Danvers 
Ostxirn  had  brought  out,  and  which  his  office  conn»olled  him  to  obey,  enjoined  in  tlie  strongest  terms 
upon  the  Commander-in-chief  to  insist  upon  "  a  permanent  revenue  solid  indefinite,  and  without 
limitation."  " 

The  difficulty  of  liis  position  now,  was  only  equalled  by  its  delicacy.  His  individuHl  and  party 
views,  and  the  popular  sentiment,  favored  one  course  of  action,  while  liis  commission,  his  "instruc- 
tions," and  tlie  oaths  of  oilice  pointed  out  another. 

In  spite  of  all  the  danger  which  his  popularity  and  consistency  ran,  he  did  his  duty  and  boldly 
communicated  the  obnoxious  "  instructions,"  as  he  was  bound  to  do,  with  his  first  speech  to  the 
Assembly,  and  told  them  they  must  act  accordingly. "  And  in  all  his  future  speeches  lie  continually 
urged  them  to  obedience.  At  the  same  time  he  received  all  their  resolutions,  representations  and 
addresses  against  the  measure,  and  forwarded  those  they  wished  to  the  home  government,  and 
when  it  was  proper,  wrote  to  the  ministry  pressing  upon  them  to  agree  to  the  views  and  wishes  of 
the  Province.  But  he  would  not  assent  to  the  annual  bills  they  passed  and  sent  to  him,  in  conse- 
quence of  which  he  received  no  salary  as  Commander-in-chief  till  1750,  in  the  spring  of  which  year 
the  ministry  gave  up  the  point  and  agreed  to  annual  support  bills  for  the  future,  and  directed 
Sir  Cliarles  Hardy,  the  tiien  Governor,  to  communicate  the  change  of  the  instruction  to  the  Assembly, 
which  he  did  on  the  24"»  of  the  following  September.*  This  was  a  great  triumph  for  tlie  colony, 
and  for  which  it  was  indebted  solely  to  the  policy  of  Lt.  Governor  De  Lancey,  and  the  tact  and 
statesmanship  he  shewed  in  carrying  it  out.  A  fact  so  manifest  as  to  compel  the  reluctant  praise 
of  the  partial  author  of  tlie  History  of  New  York.» 


1  Awembly  Jonrnslii  I.,  728,  732. 
4  AMombl/  Jaunalii  II.,  tOO. 


2  Aaenbly  Jonrnsls;  II.,  351. 

k  Saitk'f  Bill.  K. 


3  See  u  befor*  AutvMj  JonnuJf ;  II.,  S61. 
T.)  U..282. 


tttMOril  Ot  Tttfc  klOlV.  jAMftS  i^V  LAticet. 


Ml 


On  the  ly^  of  June,  1754,  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey  convened  and  opened  tlie  celebrated 
Consress  of  Albuny,  over  which  lie  presided.  Tliis  was  a  Congress  of  delegates  Iroiu  all  the 
colonies'  whicli  the  home  government  directed  tlie  I.t.  Governor  of  New  York  to  hold,  for  tlio 
puipose  of  conciliating  the  Indian  nations  wlio  were  invited  to  attend  it ;  of  retiewing  the  covenant 
chain  and  attacldng  them  more  closely  to  the  British  interest,  and  tor  comprising  all  the  provinces 
in  one  general  treaty  to  be  made  with  them  in  tlie  King's  name,  and  for  no  otlier  purpose. '  Speeches 
and  presents  wei-e  made  to  the  Indians  who  promiseil  to  do  all  that  was  asked  of  them,  but  uo 
formal  treaty  whatever  was  concluded.  Tiie  Congress  voted  instead,  tlwit  the  delegation  from  each 
colony  except  New  York,  should  appoint  one  of  tlieir  number,  wlio  togetlier  should  be  a  committee 
to  digest  a  plan  for  a  general  union  of  all  the  colonies. 

Tlie  choice  of  the  New  York  committee-man  was  left  to  Lt.  Governor  De  Lancy,  who,  acting 
most  impartially,  appointed  his  political  opponent,  William  Sndth,  Esq'.,  the  elder.'  This 
movement,  which  was  not  within  the  objects  of  the  Congress  as  defined  in  tlie  letter  of  the  Board 
of  Trade  above  mentioned,  resulted  in  the  adopting  of  a  plan  of  a  union  to  be  made  by  act  of 
Parliament,  which,  after  its  provisions  were  resolved  on,  was  put  into  form  by  Benjamin  Franklin, 
who  was  a  delegate  from  Pennsylvania,  and  which  was  not  decidetl  upon,  but  merely  sent  to  the 
different  provinces  for  consideration. 

Before  the  motion  for  the  appointment  of  this  committee  was  made,  Lt.  Gov.  De  Lancey,  being  in 
favor  of  the  colonies  uniting  for  their  own  defence,  proposetl  tlie  building  and  maintaining,  at  the 
joint  expense  of  the  colonies,  of  a  chain  of  forts  covering  their  wliole  exposed  frontier,  and  some 
in  the  Indian  country  itself.  But  Ills  plan  was  without  etfect  upon  the  Congress ;  for  as  he  tells 
lis  liimself,  "they  seemed  so  fully  persuade<l  of  the  backwardness  of  tlie  several  assemblies  to  come 
into  joint  and  vigorous  measures  that  they  were  unwilling  to  enter  upon  tlie  consideration  of  these 
mutters."*  His  idea  seems  to  have  been  f<tr  a  practical  union  of  the  colonies  for  their  own  defence 
to  be  made  by  themselves ;  while  that  of  the  committees,  who  despaired  of  a  voluntary  union,  was 
tor  a  consolidation  of  the  colonies  to  be  enforce<l  by  act  of  Pailiament.  Neither  plan,  however, 
met  with  lavor  in  any  quarter,  and  the  Congress  effected  little  but  the  conciliation  of  the  Indians.^ 

In  the  autumn  of  175t  the  Lt.  Governor  suggested  to  the  Assembly  the  system  of  settling  lands 
in  townships  instead  of  patents,  a  measure  which,  lieing  passed  by  them,  rapidly  increased  the 
population  and  prosperity  of  the  colony.' 

On  the  thirty-first  of  October,  1754,  Lt.  Governor  De  Lancey  signed  and  passed  the  charter  of 
King'j  (now  Columbia)  College,  in  spite  of  the  long  and  bitter  opposition  of  the  Piesbyterians,  led 
by  Mr.  William  Livingston.  So  decided  were  these  against  the  Episcopalians  at  this  time,  and  so 
determined  were  the  efforts  of  Mr.  Livingston  to  break  down  the  college,  that,  though  signed  and 
sealed,  tlie  charter  was  not  delivered  in  consequence  of  the  clamor  till  May  7»"  1755,  when,  after  an 
address,  Lt.  Governor  De  Lancey  presented  it  to  the  trustees  in  form.' 

This  Cdilege  controversy  gave  renewed  vigor  to  the  feud  between  the  De  Lancey  and  Livingston 
parties,  the  former  of  whom  were  leading  supporters  of  the  College,  and  the  latter  its  bitterest  foes. 

1  Virginia  »nd  Carolina  did  not  send  delej^t««,  but  desired  to  be  considered  as  present.    Doc.  Hist.  N.  T. ;  II.,  330. 

2  Sue  Lcttor  of  Lords  of  Trade,  directing  the  holding  of  the  Congrcsa,  and  the  minutes  of  its  proceedings  in  fall,  in  Doe.  Hist. 
N.Y.;  II.,  32;i. 

.■!  Doo.  Hist.  N.  Y.;  II.,  32?. 

i  .Sec  Ins  speech  to  the  Assembly  of  Angust  20th,  1754.    Asa.  Jour.;  U.,  3S8,  387. 

5  Sec  the  proeeedingsof  the  Congress.     Doc.  Hist.  N.  Y.,  II.,  317. 

6  AMembly  Journal ;  II.,  for  September,  1754.  7  Mooie'l  HUrt.  Ccl'*  College,  p.  20. 


"^i 


Www 


MiMOIK  or   THE  HOR.  tAMEM  DK   LANCET. 


I 


r 


.  i 


■H 


I 

if 


A  tend,  which  burning  strongly  evtr  after,  exerted  a  controlling  influence  in  the  I'citnre  |H))itics  of  the 
toldiiy.  Si)  niucli  8o  tliut  in  1750  the  two  jmrties  were  debif^nHti'd  by  tlie  uaiues  of  tliese  two 
powei'l'iil  and  wt-altliy  Ii'tuiers. ' 

In  tlie  sju-ing  of  1755  the  Lt.  Governor  attended  the  council  of  Governors,  called  liy  Oen. 
Braddock,  at  Alexandria,  and  aided  in  tlie  adoption  of  tlie  measures  tliere  concerted  against  tlie 
French,  with  whom  hostilities  had  commenced.'  Sir  Charles  Hardy,  the  new  Govervor,  appointed 
in  Sir  Danvers  t)»<lK)rne's  place,  arrived  and  took  command  of  the  Province  on  Sep  2<"',  1755; 
and  Lt.  Governor  De  J^incey  resumed  his  seat  ui>on  the  Uench  as  Chief  Justice.  Gov.  Hardy  was 
an  olGcer  of  the  Navy  and  not  much  accustomed  to  civil  attairs.  He  depended  chiefly  on  the  Lieut. 
Governor,  who  supported  all  leading  measiu-es,  except  the  ill-advised  and  unsuccessful  attempt  he 
was  induced  to  make  to  vacate  the  Kayayderosseras  and  a  few  other  land  patents.  Prel'erring  Ids 
prolessional  life.  Sir  Charles,  after  a  ttn  months'  residence  in  New  York  a]>plied  to  be  ellu-.veu  to 
resign  his  government  and  to  re-enter  the  Navy.  ^  A  short  time  afterwards  his  request '  .(.r  granted, 
and  l)eiiig  made  a  Hear- Admiral,  he  sailed  from  New  York,  with  a  command  in  the  expedition  against 
Louisbiugli,  on  tlie  second  of  July,  1757,  just  twenty-two  months  after  his  arrival  in  that  •  By 

this  resignation  the  command  again  devolved  u|H>n  Mr.  ])e  Lancey.  The  war  with  France  was 
then  going  on,  and  the  Province  was  entirely  engaged  <luring  this,  and  the  two  succeeding  years,  in 
military  attairs  and  measures.  During  this  periotl  civil  matters  were  very  quiet,  and  the  energies 
of  the  Lt.  Governor  were  given  to  ]>romoting,  directing,  and  carrying  out  the  various  measures  wiiich 
the  events  of  the  war  rendered  necessary  on  the  part  of  the  Colony.  He  contributed  greatly  to  the 
retrieving  of  the  disasters  of  1757,  and  to  the  success  of  the  operations  of  1758  and  1759  ;  and 
esi)ecially  to  promoting  the  expedition  which  ended  in  the  repulse  at  Ticondei-oga,  and  that  which 
followed  it  in  the  succeeding  year. 

Though  generally  quiet,  the  op]x)sitioD  did  not  give  up  entirely  their  attem})ts  against  the  party  in 
power.  The  most  notorious  of  which  was  the  printing,  in  England  and  secret  circulation  there 
and  in  the  colony,  of  an  anonymous  pamphlet,  entitled  a"KKviEwof  the  military  operations  in 
North  America,  from  the  commencement  of  the  French  hostilities  on  the  frontiers  of  Virginia,  in 
1753,  to  the  surrender  of  Oswego,  on  the  14"<  August  175G,  in  a  letter  to  a  nobleman."  In 
this  publication  the  Lt.  Governor  was  attacked  by  name,  and  in  terms  of  bitterest  invective.  False- 
liootl  was,  however,  so  evident  on  its  face  that  neither  Lt.  Gov.  De  Lancev,  nor  any  of  the  other 
gentlemen  whom  it  attacked,  ever  considered  it  worthy  of  notice.  Mr.  A  .»ider  superintended  its 
printing  as  he  acknowledged  himself,*  being  at  the  time  in  England,  eng'iged  in  his  vain  itttempt 
to  prove  title  to  the  earldom  of  Stirling ;  but  its  author  is  now  believed  to  have  been  \i'illiaiu 
Smith,  the  younger,  the  writer  of  the  colony's  history,  notwitlistiuuling  it  has  been  ascribed  to 
Mr.  Livingston.' 

1  Smitli's  Hist.  N.  T.;  II.,  273.  2  Doc.  Hist.  N.  T.;  II.,  648. 

8  See  hU  letter  to  tliiii  etToct,  dated  Aug.  2iid,  1760,  Lond.  Doc. ;  XXXIII.,  8C7.  < . 

4  Smith's  Ui»t.  N.  Y.,  II.,  255. 

6  "  Tills  pamphlet  was  written  in  New  York,  ami  it  is  believed,  from  circumstances,  that  William  Smith,  afterwirds  Chief 
Justice  of  Canada,  was  the  author;  that  he  copied  it  himself,  never  permitting  either  of  his  clerks  to  see  a  word  of  it ;  that 
tl)e  mannscript  was  carefully  nailed  up  in  a  hox  prepared  for  the  purpose,  and  sent  to  London  to  ho  printed.  Tlie  pamphlets, 
when  received  from  London,  were  not  publicly  distributed,  ami  only  a  few  of  them  were  given  to  particular  individuals.  But  it 
soon  l)ccamc  known  in  the  city  that  such  a  pamphlet  existed.  I  was  then  a  clerk  in  Smith's  oflico,  and  wished  to  procure 
one  of  the  pamphlets,  but  all  my  endeavors  were  fruitless;  and  I  never  got  one  until  some  time  during  the  revolutionary 
war,  when  I  met  with  one  at  an  auction  in  New  York  and  purchased  it."  //on.  SamutI  Jonet'notes  on  Smith's  llislory  of 
S.  Y.  in  Vol.  8  of  AT.  Y.  Hut.  Sot.  Collett'ont,  p.  3C1.  Stt  also  a  prior  Utter  of  hi$,  «am«  Vol.  p.  349.  The  pamphltt 
Uiilf  i*  M  Mm:  Ui*t.  Soe.  Colltetions,  VII.,  p.  67.  .    -^   , 


NRMotm  or  TRc  now.  jamcs  ok  LAmer. 


Ml 


The  Assembly  adjournetl  in  tlie  siiiimier  of  1700,  niul  slmrtly  after  the  colony  wns  sturtli-d  by  tlie 
very  sudden  and  uiiuxpeett'd  ilcath  of  I, lent,  (ioveriior  Do  Lmicey,  wliieli  liH|iiien('tI  on  the  morning 
of  Wethiesday,  tlie  ^O'*'  of  July,  in  tlial  year.'  lie  was  diseovereii  l)y  one  of  Idu  eldldren  in  a 
dying  condition  in  Ids  library,  too  furgonn  for  medical  aid  to  be  of  the  least  service:  \\\s  dissolution 
having  been  caused  by  nn  affection  of  tiie  heart.  Tim  next  evening  the  funeral  Un>k  placu  with 
great  pomp;  the  Rev.  Mr.  Barclay  performed  the  solenm  services  in  Trinity  church,  which  w«B 
ilhuninHted  tor  the  occasion,  after  which  tlie  body  was  deposited  in  the  liiinily  vault  iH-neath  the 
centre  aisle  of  that  edifice.' 

Tlie  death  of  Lieut.  Governor  De  Ijuicey  was  deeply  felt  and  lamented  by  the  people  of  the  colony 
89  he  was  universally  beloved  and  higlily  esteemed.  *'  To  do  ample  jnstitr,"  says  one  of  the  news- 
papers of  the  day,  "to  this  endnent  character,  so  suddeidy  taken  from  us,  i.s  wliat  the  world  will 
hardly  expect,  or  his  distinguished  accomplishments,  indeed,  i)ermit.  lie  enjoyed  a  quick  concep- 
tion, a  deep  penetrittion,a  clear  Judgment  and  a  retentive  memory.  His  natural  talents,  heightened 
and  improved  by  his  attainments  in  literature,  and  an  intimate  acqnaintaiice  witli  mankind,  made 
him  an  agreeable  and  instructive  conipaiuon  to  those  who  were  honored  with  his  conversation  ;  and 
qualified  him  to  fill  tiie  most  important  ofiices  with  uncommon  dignity  and  lustre.  His  genius, 
provident,  active,  fertile  in  expedients,  and  capable  of  averting  or  improving  the  most  nnex]>ected 
occurrences,  joined  to  a  perfect  knowledge  and  esteem  of  our  hai>[»y  constitution,  and  a  zealous 
attachment  to  his  Majesty's  illustrious  House,  rendered  him  a  most  able  and  faithful  counsellor  of  the 
Crown  ;  and,  to  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  people,  a  cordial  and  unshaken  friend.  On  the 
chief  seat  of  justice,  he  was,  for  cajjacity  and  integrity,  equalled  l)y  few,  exceedeil  by  none.  Patient  in 
hearing,  ready  in  distinguishing,  and,  in  his  decisions  sound  and  impartial — he  gave  such  universal 
satisfaction  that  even  the  vanquished  confessed  the  justice  of  the  Sf-ntence.  His  pronjotion  to  the 
Government,  at  a  season  the  most  momentous  to  the  colony,  was  signally  advancive  of  his  Majesty's 
service,  and  the  public  emolument.  And  by  the  confidence  of  the  people,  reposed  in  his  superior 
abilities,  t'ley  were  induced  to  exert  themselves  in  the  common  cause  with  tlie  greatest  alacrity."' 

To  this  evidence  of  the  estimation  in  which  he  was  held  at  the  time  of  his  decease,  may  be  added 
the  testimony  of  one  who  knew  him  very  intimately,  both  officially,  and  in  private,  the  Jhm.  John 
Watts,  an  eminent  citizen  of  New  York,  and  a  member  of  the  council  during,  and  long  after,  Lt. 
Governor  De  Lancey's  time,  who  was  the  author  of  the  following  sketch  of  liis  ciiaracter  and  death, 
written  in  1787,  nearly  thirty  years  after  tliat  event  :* 

"Janjcs  De  Lancey  was  a  man  of  luiconnnon  abilities  and  in  every  view,  from  the  law  to 
agriculture,  and  an  elegant,  pleasant  compaidon — what  rarely  unites  in  one  person  ;  it  seemed 
doubtful  which  excelled,  his  quick  penetration  or  his  sound  judgment :  tiie  first  seemed  an  instant 
guide  to  the  last."  "  No  man  in  either  oflice,  (Cliief  Justice  or  Lieut.  Governor,)  had  more  the  love 
and  confidence  of  the  people,  nor  any  man,  liefore  or  since,  half  tlie  influence.  Ho  was  unfortun- 
ately taken  from  us  in  July,  17ti0,  so  suddenly  that  his  very  family  suspected  no  danger.  We  had 
spent,  very  agreeably,  the  day  before  on  Staten  Island  ;  after  ten  at  night  he  left  my  house  perfectly 
well,  in  the  morning  he  was  as  usual,  but  about  nine  a  servant  was  dispatched  to  tell  me  his  master 

1  Some  donbt  lias  been  thrown  around  the  prccisn  date  of  Iiis  death.  Dunlnp  places  it  in  1750,  and  some  otlier  writers 
have  fiillowcd  him.  But  the  council  minutes,  (XXV.,  31C,)  and  the  n-^wspapcrs  of  the  day,  agreeing  with  family  tradition, 
fix  it,  heyond  cavil,  as  stated  in  the  text. 

2  Sec  long  accounts  of  this  fimcral  in  New  York  Mercury  and  Parker's  Post  Boy,  and  other  papers  of  the  day. 

3  Editorial  from  the  "  New  York  Mercury"  for  Aug.  4th  17(50. 

4  The  original,  in  Mr.  Watt's  handwriting,  was  found  among  the  papers  of  his  daughter,  Mrs.  Leake,  and  is  now  In  tbo 
pnneerioa  of  ber  niece,  Mrs.  Henry  Laigbt  of  Nuw  York,  Mr.  Watts'  grand  daughter. 


'if 


lin 


II 
r 


■tvfiign:' 


ess 


Nnraim  or  nnc  row.  jamu  be  lancbt. 


was  very  ill ;  I  mounted  Instantly  and  hnrrled  to  his  liouse,  in  Bowery  I.nne,  but  on  tli«  way  wns 
nlnrnifd  by  h  call  '  tliut  all  was  ovtT,'  and  too  true  I  found  it ;  lie  *it  it-clhu'd  in  Ids  cliair,  oin'  Icj^ 
(liHun  in,  the  other  cxtendftl,  his  arms  over  the  elbows,  ho  naturally,  that  had  I  not  been  a|>|)i-i/«'d 
of  it,  I  certainly  should  have  spoken  ns  I  entered  the  room.  No  bo<ly  but  his  youngest  daiiglitcr,  a 
child,  was  ))resent  at  tlte  time,  so  little  did  the  family  apprehend  the  least  danger.  N<>vt'r  did 
these  eyes  beheld  such  a  spectacle,  or  did  my  spirits  feel  such  an  Impression.  The  Idea  attfcts  me 
whenever  I  thiulc  of  it ;  to  lose  such  a  companion,  ^uch  a  counstilor,  such  a  friend." 

Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey  left  three  sons  nnd  three  daiu^liters.  James,  the  eldest,  educated  nt 
Et«»n  an<l  Cambridge  University,  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Assembly  for  many  years  prior, 
and  up  ti'  the  Revolution.  He  went  to  England  on  a  visit  in  the  spring  of  1775,  and,  the  war  rom- 
metielnp:.  did  not  i-eturn.  His  son,  Lieut.  Col.  James  De  Lancey,  of  the  First  Dragoon  Ouanis, 
is  the  only  male  member  of  his  family  no^v  living.  Stephen,  the  second  son,  whose  intellect  was 
atf'ected  by  disease  in  his  infancy,  was  killed  accidentally  in  1795.  Of  the  daughters,  Mary  married 
William  Walton  of  New  York  ;  Anne  became  the  wit«  of  the  Hon.  Thos.  Jones  of  Fort  Neck,  Recorder 
of  New  York,  and  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Province ;  and  Susannali  died 
unmarried.  John  Peter,  the  youngest  child  of  the  Lieut.  Governor,  was  also  i>durated  in  Knglaiul, 
•t  Harrow,  and  at  the  military  9cli(»ol  at  Greenwich  ;  he  entered  the  army,  served  till  1789,  when 
he  threw  up  his  Commission  of  Captain,  returned  shortly  after  to  America,  and  resided  till  his  death 
in  1828,  at  his  grandtather  Ileathcote's  ohi  seat,  at  Mamaroneck,  Westchester  county,  of  which  he 
was  the  proprietor. ' 

No  American  had  greater  Influence  in  thecolcmies  than  the  subject  of  this  sketcli.  Circumstances, 
it  is  true,  aided  in  raising  hini  to  this  elevation,  such  ns  education,  connections,  wealth,  and  his 
high  conservative  principles ;  but  he  owed  as  much  to  personal  qualities,  perliaps,  as  to  all  the 
other  causes  united.  Gay,  witty,  easy  of  access,  and  frank,  he  was  personally  the  most  popular 
ruler  the  Province  ever  possessed,  even  when  drawing  tightest  tlie  reigns  of  government. 

It  was  this  unusual  admixture  of  the  {K)pular  spirit  with  that  of  the  inciuidM'nt  of  ofTice,  that 
rendereil  him  so  obnoxious  to  the  assaults  of  his  enemies.  There  are  few  instances  in  our  history, 
of  attempts  to  destroy  a  public  man,  such  as  those  wliicli  were  made  by  the  enemies  of  James 
De  Lancey.  When  Sir  Danvers  Osborn  was  found  suspended  in  a  garden,  deai'.  it  was  whispered 
that  he  had  come  to  his  end  through  the  ambitifm  of  his  successor,  tlie  new  liead  of  the  colony.* 
Subsequently  it  was  proven  beyt)nd  a  cavil,  that  Osborn,  borne  «lown  with  grief  at  the  death  of  his 
wife,  had  made  two  previous  attempts  at  suicide  ;  btit  so  frantic  were  the  ettorts  of  his  opponents, 
that  the  unscrupulous  did  not  hesitate  covertly  to  bring  the  charge  of  murder  against  their 
successful  rival.  After  withholding  his  commission  wrongfidly  for  six  years,  they  consummated 
their  opposition  by  hinting  at  this  atrocious  calumny. 

Iteligious  acrimony  greatly  heighteneil  the  intensity  of  the  hostility  to  De  Lancey.  He  and  his 
associates  openly  laughed  at  what  they  termed  "  the  sanctimonious  grimaces"  of  the  other  sects,  and 
possibly  were  more  careless  of  those  cutting  wounds  inflicted  by  tlie  tungnt',  than  was  either  riglit 
or  prudent.  As  a  consequence,  his  name  has  passed  into  history  under  colors  which  take  their  hues 
rather  from  the  passions  of  tlie  day  tlian  from  the  ligiit  of  truth.     Tlie  head  of  the  court  party,  ho 

1  Thoraan  Jaiucs,  the  eldest  son  uf  this  gentleman, <Iied  a  judsc  of  Wcatclicstcr  county,  at  the  age  of  S2  ;  William  Heath 
cote,  his  younger  son,  is  the  present  Bishop  of  Western  New  York;  Edward  Floyd,  another  son,  died  in  early  manhood. 
His  eldest  daughter,  Anne  Charlotte,  married  John  Loudon  McAdani,  immortalized  by  his  system  of  making  r<  adi<    the 
second,  Susan  Augusta,  the  wife  of  the  late  J.  Funuimore  Cooper,  Esu.,  diud  20tb  Juu'y,  1852j  and  the  two  youngciii  are 
itill  livinjj  unmarried. 

;i  Sauth's  Oiator    gf  Kew  Ywki  II.,  Cbap.  8.  >    •  •  -—  •^- 


u 


MEMOIR  OF  THE  HON.   tkUWB   DC  LANCET. 


i 


was  termed  a  dcmn^frtffue — a  gpntleninn,  a  scholar,  affluent,  nn<l  of  a  peculiarly  R«jr«nd  social  tempern- 
iiicnt,  lie  \s  ucciisfil  of  tlie  Niu.lnl  vices  of  tlie  miser  ami  extoitlniier,— ilclieate,  a  mnrlvr  fn  iistliiiia, 
and  «ibligt'd  to  ho  alKsteiuious,  lie  U  clmrged  with  low  exie»s— lielovid  hy  all  around  liiin,  lie  is 
duiiouiietid  as  liutefiil — and  approved  by  tlie  ministry  in  England,  even  wlit-n  oppusing  their  |)olley, 
he  is  pointed  out  to  posterity  us  u  political  8yco])hant. 

The  near  api)roach  of  the  Kevolutlon,  and  the  uncontradicted  odhim  that  the  popular  writers  of 
this  country  lavished,  as  h  matter  of  course,  upon  the  servants  of  the  crown,  coutrihuted  to  the 
success  of  the  false  character  thus  given  to  Lieut.  Governor  D«  Lancey.  The  representations  of 
defeated  opponents  have  been  received  for  historic  truth,  and  an  almost  village  littleness  of  gossip 
accepted  for  an  analysis  of  character. 

James  I)e  Lancey  was  the  fourth,  and  last,  native  of  New  York  that  administered  the  affairs 
of  that  colony.  He  corresiwuded  personally,  as  well  as  officially,  with  Pitt,  al>erwaril8  Karl  of 
Chatham,  during  the  critical  period  of  the  w...  of  1756.  At  his  death,  his  sister,  Lady  Warren, 
applied  to  that  statesman  to  put  her  yougest  brother,  Oliver  De  Lancey,  in  the  otllce  he  had  filled  ; 
but  finding  the  minister  turning  a  cold  ear  to  her  application,  she  cried  with  warmth,  "I  hofNf,  Mr. 
Pitt,  you  have  had  reason  to  be  satisfied  with  the  brother  I  have  lost."  "Madam,"  was  the  answer, 
"had  your  brother  James  lived  In  England,  he  would  have  been  one  of  the  first  men  in  It."'  The 
great  fault  of  his  character  was  indolence.  He  read  but  did  not  like  to  write.  So  far  from  being 
avaricious  or  grasping,  he  even  loved  his  ease  more  than  he  loved  money.  One  of  the  sources  of 
profit  to  the  colonial  Government  was  the  fees  payable  upon  the  signing  of  land  patents.  At  the 
deatli  of  Lieut.  Governor  De  Lancey,  It  is  said  that  so  many  of  these  patents  awaited  his  approval, 
that  the  signing  them  gave  a  large  sum  at  once  to  his  successor,  Mr.  Coldcn. 

I  This  remark  was  mentioned  by  Lady  AVarron  to  tlio  I.t.  OoTornor's  youngest  son,  John  Fetor  De  Lancey,  by  whom  th» 
anecduto  was  related  to  his  son  and  aon-ln-law,  Bishop  De  Lancey,  and  J.  Fennimore  Cooper,  Esq. 


t 


if 

■H 

i 


MISCELLANIES. 


The  TinsT  Chcrch  in  New  Nethebland. — It  is  stated  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Prime,  In  his  Hiitory  of  Long  Inland,  132, 
that  the  church  erected  at  Southold  and  that  at  Southampton,  "were  the  first  sanctuaries  erected  for  the  worship  of  the 
Livhig  God,  within  the  entire  province  of  the  New  Netherlands."  This  is  entirely  a  mistake.  The  earliest  of  these  buildings 
docs  not  date  further  back  than  1(140,  whilst  it  is  on  record  in  the  Secretary  of  State's  olfice,  that  Director  Van  TwiUer 
cansed  a  church  to  Ido  erected  in  New  Amsterdam,  now  New  York,  as  early  as  the  year  lti33. 

CiiRi.iTMAs  ON  THE  MoiiAWK  UivKR  IN  ITtlO. — Tlio  manner  in  wclt.  ye  !n>I  in  yse  parts  keep  Xmas  day  in  commcmor'g 
of  tho  Birth  of  ye  Saviour,  as  ya  pretend  is  very  aflect'g  and  strik  g.  They  generally  assemble  for  read'g  prayers,  or  Divine 
service — but  after,  they  eat  drink  aiid  make  merry.  They  allow  of  no  work  or  servile  labour  on  ys  day  and  ye  foUow'g — 
their  servants  arc  free — but  drink'g  snear'g  flght'g  and  froli^'g  are  not  only  allowed,  but  seem  to  be  essential  to  ye  Joy  of  ye 
day. — Rtv.  S.  Kirkland't  Journal. 

Thr  fiRST  EnscopAt  CntRcn  in  Podohkeepsie  was  erected  In  1774.  It  was  a  very  handsome  stone  building  Bfty-three 
feet  by  forty.  Rev.  John  Bcardslcy  had,  however,  been  a  missionary  at  that  place  for  several  years  previous.  This  gentle. 
man  adhered  to  the  Crown  on  the  breaking  ont  of  the  Revolution;  was  appointed  Chaplain  to  the  Loyal  American  Rcg't  in 
1782,  and  in  1783  emigrated  with  his  family  to  New  Brunswick  and  settled  at  a  place  called  Maugerville,  where  he  died. 


i  Apl.  176ft— Zlu  BuU  WM  Mat  for  th«  first  tins  to  SabtaMtadjr.— Str  Wm.  /pAnien't  MBB. 


m 


6i0 


MIKELLAiriU 


July,  1772.— The  mall  to  b«  wnt  weekly  from  If .  York  to  Albany  up  «n«  *\A»  of  tht  RIvm  and  down  the  othar,  for  which 
an  i-xlra  XHM)  In  U,  U-  itlluwi-d.— /i. 

I.iaaART  or  Sia  IIknkt  Moonr,  Babt.  om  or  rnic  riaiT  PATtNTrri  orrni  Town  or  flRAVCfiKiin,  L.  I  — CalliolnitiM 
conclning  lb«  namei  of  inch  booki  at  Sir.  Henry  MoeUie  had  Itft  In  Mcurlty  In  liandtt  uf  Uautul  LUwbu  who  by  wuui  for 
Vlrgluias 
A  latyn  Bible  In  folio. 

A  written  ImioU  In  fullo  contlnInK  prlratt  matteri  of  Slate. 
A  wrilteneth  book  In  folio  cimtlnlng  private  matters  of  tha  King. 
Seventeen  leveral  booki  of  dovlnite  matters. 
A  dictlonariui  Latio  and  Kngllih. 
SIxtpen  several  latin  and  Italian  Imokx  of  divers  matters. 
A  hook  In  fitllo  contlnlnft  the  voagc  of  Fordinant  Mcndos,  Sic. 
A  book  In  folio  kallelh  Sylva  Sylvarnm. 

A  book  In  quarto  callili  bartas'  »\x  days  worck  of  the  lord  and  translat  In  En(llih  by  Josuah  Sylvester. 
A  book  In  quarto  kallvth  the  Sum  me  and  Substans  of  tlio  Confvri'nco  which  it  pleased  his  Eiccllent  Msjitl  to  have  with 

the  lord)  binbops  he.  at  Hampton  Court  coiitractvth  by  William  Uarlow. 
A  book  In  quarto  kalluth  Ecclrslaatica  Interprctatio,  or  the  Expositions  ui)on  the  difflcult  and  doubtful  passage  of  tha 

Seven  Epintles  callet  Ciithollque  and  the  KevaUtlon  collectetb  by  John  Mayer. 
Ellovvn  suvoral  bookx  mooro  of  divers  substants. 
The  VcriHcalion  of  his  fathers  Knights  urdur  given  by  King  James. — Notarial  Rtg.  of  Soloman  Lachairt  N.P.  of  tftv 

^^nilirdam,  Jnno  lOUl. 

N.  Y.  LiOBAaiis  DKSTaoTRD. — A  very  fine  Library,  left  flfty  years  ago  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Milllngton  for  the  use  of  the 

Missionaries,  consisting  of  above  1,000  volumes,  togi'ther  with  the  College  Library  and  llioir  philosophical  apparatus,  and 
anothur  library  Monging  to  the  Inhabitants,  wuro  plundered,  sold  and  dispersed  by  the  llrilisb  soldiers  when  they  took 
possession  of  New  York.— ^Mract  of  tht  Hoc.  for  Prop,  tht  Ootp.  1770. 

Oemeral  FaABEB. — Many  enquiries  have  been  made  for  the  christian  nomc  of  General  Eraser,  who  was  killed  at  the  Daltle 
of  Stillwater,  7th  Octolier,  1777.  Jesse,  (Mem.  of  the  Pretenders  I.;  Vi',)  and  others  confound  him  with  the  son  of  Lord 
Lovat,  who  was  lioheaded  for  Joining  the  pretender,  and  who  died  In  1782.  Beatson,  in  his  Political  Index  II.;  lOO-l, 
contains  a  list  of  Colonels  In  tho  Army  who,  "  at  dllTerent  periods,  served  as  Brigadier  Generals  In  North  Amrrira  and  the 
West  Indies  since  the  commencement  of  tho  war  in  1775,"  and  on  p.  151  is  the  name  of  "  Siuhn  Fbaser.  Died  of  the  wounds 
received  at  thu  Imttlo  of  Stillwater."  Ho  was  grond  uncle  to  the  celebrated  Sir  James  Mackiiitosh.  Dodsley's  Annual  Keg., 
1780,  pp.  218-19,  contoins  an  abstract  of  tho  cause  of  Mr.  Schrellior,  plttf.,  against  Mrs.  Frascr,  widow  of  the  lute  Gen'l  Eraser, 
who  died  at  Ssrotoga,  deft.,  for  damages  on  a  breach  of  promise  of  marrlsge.  Verdict  for  pltff.  jECOO  damages  ond  costs. 
We  are  indebted  to  Dr.  Harris,  the  polite  LibrarUn  of  Harvard  College,  and  to  other  correspondents,  for  many  Interesting 
particulars  of  the  Eraser  family ;  but  want  of  space  ezcludei  them  at  present. 


XVI. 


MEMOIR 


OF  THE 


Hon.    JAMES    DUANE, 


JUDGE   OP   THE  DISTRICT  COURT   OF   THE   UNITED   STATES 


FOR 


NEW     YORK. 


BY 


Hon.  Samuel  W  .  Jones. 


Vol.  IV 


81 


•14:' 


I 


SKETCH  OF  THE  LIFE  OF  THE  HON.  JAMES  DUANE. 


The  subject  of  this  sketch — a  prominent  and  patriotic  son  of  New  York — was  lield  in  high 
estimation  in  his  day,  and  was  tor  near  forty  years  actively  engaged  in  the  most  important  affairs 
of  his  country.  He  obtained  the  confidence  of  men  of  business  in  very  early  life,  and  of  the  people 
of  New  York  as  soon  as  they  required  able  and  fearless  agents  to  carry  on  tlie  controversy  witli  the 
mother  country,  and  retained  it  not  only  in  the  outbreak  and  vicissitudes  of  the  Revolution,  but  in 
the  period  of  disscontent  and  uneasiness  which  followed  tlie  acknowledgment  of  our  independence 
by  Great  Britain,  and  until  his  voluntary  retirement  from  public  life,  several  years  after  the 
adoption  of  the  present  Constitution  of  tlie  United  States.  His  history  teaches  tliat  it  was  not  by 
slirinking  from  responsibility  that  he  retained  liis  high  standing,  for  he  is  always  found  a  prominent 
actor  whenever  engaged  in  business  with  others,  and  in  every  body  or  party  of  which  he  was 
a  member. 

James  Duane  was  born  in  the  city  of  New  York  on  Ctli  February,  1732-3.  He  was  tlie  tliird 
son  of  Anthony  Duane,  a  gentleman  from  Cong,  in  tlie  county  of  Galway,  Ireland,  who,  having 
Avhen  very  young  been  a  purser  in  the  British  Navy  on  tlie  New  York  station,  resigned  his  situation 
and  returned  to  tlie  city  of  New  York,  where  he  spent  the  rest  of  liis  life  as  a  merchant,  and  where 
he  died  on  the  14th  August,  1717.  The  mother  of  James  Duane  was  Altea  Kettletas,  his  father's 
second  wife,  and  daughter  of  Abraham  Kettletas,  one  of  the  most  considerable  mercliants,  and  long  an 
Alderman,of  the  city  of  New  York.  She  died  when  he  was  only  three  years  old,  and  in  May,  1741, 
his  father  married  a  third  wife,  the  widow  of  Thomas  Lynch,  whose  maiden  name  was  Riker,  of 
Flushing, L.I.  Tliis  lady  survived  her  husband  until  1775,  and  seems  lo  have  so  treated  his  children 
that  they  felt  for  her  all  the  affection  of  a  real  mother.  Anthony  Duane  held  no  office  in  this 
country,  but  must  have  had  considerable  iiitluence  as  he  procured  appointments  in  the  British 
Navy  for  two  of  his  sous,  one  of  whom  (Kicliard)  died  at  Kingston,  Jamaica,  in  1740,  a  midshipman, 
and  another,  named  Abraham,  died  at  sea  in  17G7,  a  post  captain. 

Where  James  Duane  received  his  education,  docs  not  appear.  He  had  a  knowledge  of  Latin, 
wliicli  he  might  have  received  from  the  Rev.  Mr.  Charlton,  one  of  the  Executors  to  his  father's  will, 
who  instructed  some  pupils  in  the  classics.  The  piotession  of  the  law  being  selected  as  his  future 
occupation,  he  entered  the  office  of  James  Alexantler,  one  of  the  most  eminent  counsel  of  our 
colonial  bar  and  the  father  of  the  American  General,  Lord  Stirling.  He  was  admitted  an  attorney 
of  the  Supreme  Court  3d  August,  1754,  and,  as  his  law  register  and  pai)ers  sliow,  was  soon  entrusted 
with  a  large  professional  business.  He  retained  his  clients  so  long  as  he  continued  a  practising 
lawyer.  William  Kemp,  the  then  Attorney  General,  gave  him  in  about  two  years  after  his  admission 
as  an  attorney,  a  warrant  to  act  for  him  in  crown  causes,  and  he  officiated  und^r  it  in  several  coun- 
ties. This  warrant  he  returned  28tli  April,  1757,  when  he  declined  to  act  any  longer  under  it, 
on  account  of  "the  hard  terms  of  exacting  half  the  law  fees"  for  the  services  rendered.  This 
cirtumstHnce  shows  the  confidence  of  the  voung  lawy«'r  to  get  along  without  official  patinnage. 


$\ 


J; 


644 


MEMOIR   OF   THE  HON.    JAMES   DUANE. 


On  the  21st  October,  1750,  Mr.  Dunne  married  Mary,  the  eldest  daughter  of  Col.  Robert  Livingston, 
then  propriet  ir  of  Livingston's  Manor.  This  marriage  tended  to  give  a  direction  to  liis  studies 
and  practice,  and  caused  iiim  to  become  actively  engaged  in  all  the  lawsuits  and  discussions  relative 
to  tlie  boundaries  of  our  tlien  colony. 

As  early  as  1753,  the  Massacliusetis  people  had  intruded  on  and  laid  claim  to  the  eastern  part 
of  both  Livingston's  and  Rensselaer's  Manors,  and  notwitlistauding  tlie  eflbrts  of  our  Governors, 
of  Legislative  commissioners,  and  even  of  the  Home  Government,  no  satisfactory  settlement  of  these 
intrusions  had  been  made  in  1759.  The  inroad  of  tlie  New  Hanipshii'e  men,  upon  tlie  New  York 
territory,  now  Vermont,  stinuihited  by  tlie  avarice  of  Gov.  Wentworth  for  patent  lees  liad  commenced 
at  a  still  earlier  period,  and  liad  already  dotted  it  with  wliat  were  called  New  Hampshire  grants. 
Before  lii«  marriage,  Mr.  Duane  had  been  to  some  extent  employed  in  examining  tlie  riglits  of 
New  York  in  reference  to  her  eastern  boundary  line,  and  from  that  time  to  tiie  linal  compromise 
with  MassacliuSetts  in  1786,  he  became  tho  most  active  advocate  and  diligent  and  able  expositor 
of  her  territorial  rights  and  jurisdiction.  In  the  private  suits  depending  on  these  questions  lietween 
owners  of  lands  along  the  lines  of  Connecticut,  Miissjichusetts  and  New  Jersey;  in  tliu  discussions 
between  these  colonies  and  New  York  ;  in  tlie  controversies  between  New  York  and  the  claimants 
of  lauds  along  Lake  Cliamplain  under  the  French  grants,  and  in  the  final  settlement  of  tliese  matters 
he  was  always  employed  as  attorney,  counsel,  or  commis.sioner,  and  always  on  t>ehalf  of  the  rights 
of  his  native  State.  In  the  disputes  relative  to  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  lie  was  considered  the 
life  and  soul  of  the  New  York  claim  and  claimants,  and  at  him  was  aimed  most  of  the  coarse  wit 
and  abuse  which  the  Vermonters  sliowereil  so  boiuitifnlly  upon  all  their  ojtpunents.  He  conducted 
much  of  the  correspondence  with  the  agents  of  our  colony  in  England,  while  the  alx)Ve  disputes 
were  pending  before  the  King  in  cmuicil,  or  the  Board  of  Trade,  drew  several  of  the  re}H>rts  made  to 
the  General  Assembly  by  its  committees,  and  the  elaborate  "  State  of  tlie  Rights  of  New  York," 
publislied  by  its  order,  and  a  most  comprehensive  but  concise  summary  of  the  questions  then  agitated 
and  about  to  1)6  transferred  to  Eiiglniid  liir  decision  between  New  York  and  all  her  neighliors,  in  a 
letter  to  the  celebrated  Edmund  Burke,  who  was  then  her  agent.  During  the  Revolution,  when  the 
dispute  relative  to  "the  grants"  was  agitated  before  Congress,  as  it  was  tor  several  years,  he  was  the 
main  reliai.  j  of  New  York,  and,  although  at  tinjes  a  most  dillicult  task,  he  succeeded  in 
preventing  that  body  from  yielding  to  the  powerfid  influence  of  the  Eastern  States,  allofwhou) 
took  part  with  "  the  Green  Mountain  boys;"  and  New  York  from  vindicating  her  rights  by  Knco 
when  irritated  by  some  supposed  C(mcession  made  to  "the  revolters,"  or  at  some  delayed  decision 
which  her  authorities  insisted  ought  to  have  been  made  at  once  in  her  iavor. 

Tlie  standing  Mr.  Duane  had  ac<juired  in  his  profession  before  the  Revolution,  caused  him  to  bo 
retained  in  most  of  the  suits  which,  on  account  of  the  principle  involved  in  them,  interested  largo 
masses  of  the  people  b<Jth  in  New  York  and  New  Jersey.  Among  these  may  be  mentioneil  in  the 
latter  colony,  that  against  the  i)roprietors  ol  East  Jersey,  and  that  between  the  partntrs  intheCoj)per 
mine  Company  ;  in  our  own  colony,  Trinity  Church  (New  Rochell)  against  Flantlieau  and  others; 
Sir  James  J^iy  against  King's  College ;  Schermerliorn  against  the  Trustees  of  Schenectady  I'atent ; 
the  King,  on  the  inforniHtion  of  the  Attorney  General,  against  Lt.  Governor  Coklen.  In  this  last 
suit  he  Wiis  employed  for  the  defendant,  and  the  Lt.  (iovernor  expressed  much  oliligation  to  him  for 
undertaking  his  cause  after  other  counsel  had  declined,  through  fear  of  Governor  Monckton's  dis- 
pleasure, for  the  latter  was  in  reality  the  plaintiff  as  well  as  the  Judge,  the  suit  being  for  lees  ami 
before  the  Governor  as  Chancellor.  He  was  also  the  attorney  and  counsel  of  Trinity  (Miurfli,  New 
York,  in  the  suits  against  the  intruders  on  that  part  of  their  property  called  the  King's  Farm,  so  noted 
in  the  revived  claims  of  the  numerous  descendants  of  Aneke  Janse.     His  briefs  and  written  argil- 


MEMOIR   OF  THE   HON.    JAMES   DUANG. 


645 


mems  in  such  cases  show  a  depth  of  legal  learning  that  would  not  disparage  lihn  in  ooinparison 
witli  tiie  most  distinguislied  members  of  tlie  modern  bar.  In  tiie  case  of  Fursey  vs.  Cunninglmra, 
be  was  consulted  and  gave  his  opinion  against  Lt.  Governor  Culilen's  construction  of  l)is  com- 
mission and  instructions.  Colden  was  then  administering  the  Government,  and  Mr.  Duune  was  no 
more  biased  by  that  circumstance  than  he  was  in  Coldeu'sown  case,  when  Monckton  was  Governor. 
In  both  cases  we  see  that  fearlessness  of  governmental  autliority,  wliich,a  few  years  later,  led  liim  to 
risk  his  life  and  estate  in  tlie  war  lor  our  Independence. 

In  the  various  contests  for  seats  in  the  Colonial  Assembly  which  took  place  after  each  goiierul 
election,  Mr.  Duaue  was  very  frequently  employed  by  one  party  or  the  otiier.  In  the  noted  case 
between  John  Morrin  Scott  and  James  Jauncey,  in  1768,  Mr.  Duane  was  employed  by  Jauncey, 
and  successfully  defended  him. 

Tlie  election  on  tliis  occasion  had  not  been  entirely  contested  on  political  grouiuls ;  it  was  to 
some  extent  a  church  controversy,  and  Mr.  Duane  sided  with  Jauncey,  tlie  cimrch  candidate, 
altliougli  his  wife's  family  and  many  of  his  best  friends  were  against  liim.  Tlie  pai't  he  took 
against  Mr.  Scott  on  this  occasion  rendered  them  cool  towards  each  other  until  some  time 
after  tiie  commencement  of  the  revolution,  in  which  they  both  engaged,  and  during  wldcli  tlioy 
appear  by  their  correspondence  to  have  become  good  friends 

Tiie  only  office  Mr.  Duane  held,  prior  to  tlie  revolution,  was  that  of  clerk  in  chancery,  given  to 
him  by  Lt.  Governor  Colden,  April  20th,  1762.  He  officiated,  'lovever,  for  Jolin  Tabor  Kempe,  the 
Attorney-General,  in  1767,  wlien  the  latter  went  to  England,  but  appears  to  liave  done  It  more  I'l-oni 
friendship  to  the  incumbent  than  emolument.  His  fatlier  liad  left  to  liim  and  his  three  brolliera. 
among  otlier  property,  about  six  thousand  acres  of  wild  land  in  tlie  present  town  of  Duanesburgli. 
By  the  death  of  two  of  his  brothers,  and  by  purchase  from  the  third  and  by  other  purchases,  lie 
subsequently  became  owner  of  nearly  tlie  whole  of  tliat  township  then  also  wild.  In  1705, 
before  his  purcliases  were  all  made,  after  some  previous  feeble  ell'orts,  he  commenced  activt>  measures 
for  its  settlement.  Finding  the  New  Yorkers  prejudiced  against  the  country  by  the  rei)resentatlons 
of  Sir  William  Johnson's  agents,  and  perhaps  by  himself,  who  was  settling  land  als>>,  Mr.  Duane 
entered  in  March,  1765,  into  contract  with  a  coi.ipany  of  twenty  Germans  from  Pennsylvania,  of  whom 
about  sixteen  came  on  the  tract,  and  they  made  the  first  permaiitLt  settlement  in  that  now 
flourishing  town. 

On  the  13th  of  March  of  the  same  year,  h'  had  procured  the  erection  of  these  lands  into  a 
townsliip,  called  Duanesburgh,  with  the  usual  privileges  to  the  inhabitants  of  choosing  town 
officers  and  making  town  laws. 

The  King  in  council  liaving  decide(^  ;n  1761,  that  ..r  territory,  now  called  Vermont,  was  part 
of  the  colony  of  New- York,  Mr.  Duane  in  Aug>;st,  1765,  miuie  his  first  purchase  in  that  district, 
and  in  about  two  years  had  extended  these  puidiases  to  about  sixty-four  thousand  atres,  wlii"h 
cost  him  upwards  of  eight  thousand  dollars,  and  subsequently  large  additional  sums  for  siU'Vt'yors' 
fees  and  other  expenses,  of  which  neither  he  nor  his  heirs  obtained  anything  but  the  small  dividend 
of  the  $30,000,  which  Vermont  agreed  to  pay  when  New  York  signed  oft'  the  rights  of  her  eilizi'ius. 
The  bargain  was  made  by  our  politicians  to  obtain  a  new  state  to  overbalance  southern  inlliience, 
and  in  this  paramount  object  with  them,  compensation  to  tiie  comparatively  few  laiidholders  among 
her  citizens  was  almost  entirely  overlooked. 

Tlie  professional  business  of  Mr.  Duane,  the  boundary  commissions  with  the  neighboring  colonies 
in  which  he  was  employed,  the  settlement  of  Duaiiesburg'i,  wid  the  Vermont  controversy,  devolved 
upon  him  an  amount  of  business  which  naught  Imt  an  iron  constitution  coukl  stand,  and  would 
seem  to  preclude  him  from  engaging  in  tlve  ecclesiastical  and  iwliticai  disputes  that  agitated  the 


646 


MEMOIR   OF   THE  HON.  JAMKS    UUANB. 


colonists  of  New  York.  We  find  him,  however,  taking  an  active  part  on  tlie  side  of  the  church 
in  tlie  elfort  to  obtain  bishops  to  be  sent  to  America,  anil  in  tho  tUsputes  about  taxation  by  authority 
of  parliament  alone,  wlien  such  autliority  was  tirst  exercisetl.  Ho  was  a  decided  churchman,  but, 
like  liis  friends  Jay  and  Cliancellor  Livingston,  he  was  a  strenuous  advocate  both  fur  civil  and 
religious  liberty. 

Wiien  faithful  and  skilful  agents  were  sought  for  in  1771,  to  doviso  means  to  regain  those  rights 
which  England  liad  grossly  infringed,  and  to  secuiv  thoui  IVoui  future  violation,  Mr.  Duane  was 
naturally  one  of  the  earliest  selected.  He  was  a  nunnlier  of  most  of  tlie  conunittees  iu  the  city 
of  New  York,  raisetl  to  devise  plans  of  opposing  the  Hritisl\  enoroaclunents,  and  when  tiie  general 
Congress  of  1774,  was  determined  upon,  and  tiie  Colonial  Assembly  had  refused  to  appoint  any 
delegates  to  act,  Mr.  I),  was  ek-cted  by  the  jjeoplo  Jiot  only  of  that  city,  but  of  several  counties. 
Tiie  Congress  was  to  meet  in  Pliiladelphla  on  the  5th  of  September ;  the  election  in  New  York 
had  taken  place  some  time  before,  and  the  members  elected  wen>  iunuired  after  by  others,  who  had 
embarked  in  the  American  cause,  with  at  least  the  siuue  curiosity  and  interest  as  is  felt  by  the 
politicians  of  the  present  day,  in  regard  to  the  members  of  a  presidential  convention. 

Tlie  Massacliusetts  members  of  Congress  started  early  fmm  tlieir  luimes  and  arrived  at  New- 
York  betbre  Mr.  Diuuie  and  liis  colleagues  had  set  out.  We  have,  therefore,  some  notices  of  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  iu  the  journal  of  Jolin  Adams,  recently  publisluHl  Irom  which  it  is  upparent  that 
Mr.  Duane  was  the  most  prominent  man  in  tlie  New-York  deleijalion  ;  that  Mr.  Adams'  attention 
was  especially  directed  to  him  and  that  he  was  viewed  with  some  distrust.  To  those  who  know 
his  previous  history,  his  constant  employment  in  the  suits  and  controversies  against  our  eastern 
neiglibors,  and  tliat  the  Massacliusetts  delegates  lell  at  once  into  the  hands  of  Mr.  Scott,  cooled 
towards  Mr.  Duane  by  the  election  contest  above  notetl,  the  early  observations  made  by  Mr. 
Adams  are  no  matter  of  wonder.  It  is  pleasing,  however,  {o  Ihul  tliat  the  nuitual  services  of  tliese 
pufriots  iu  the  cause  of  their  country,  won-  oil"  tlie  prejudices  of  Mr.  Adams  from  whatever  source 
derived. 

M  .  Duane  set  out  ibr  the  Cuiigtess  of  1771  i>n  the  3lst  of  August,  accompanied  from  his  house 
to  the  foot  of  Broad  street,  (whence  he  took  the  ferry  boat)  by  a  great  procession,  with  music 
playing  and  colors  Hying.  On  arriving  at  the  Exeliange,  then  in  that  street,  the  jirocession  halted 
and  he  adiiirsjed  the  citizens.  He  was  jursent  on  tlu>  [>th  Septendxr,  the  ver}-  Any  appointed  lor 
the  nieotiiig  vi'  the  Congress.  The  members  assembled  at  Smitl;'.':  Tavern,  and  as  th«^  Speaker  of  the 
Peiinsylvauia  Assembly  liad  ollered  tlie  use  of  the  State  House,  and  the  Carpemers  their  Hall,  it 
was  agreed  to  view  both.  Carpenters'  Hull  was  the  tirst  visited,  and  Mr.  Lynch  moved  that  it 
should  be  lixed  on  as  their  place  of  meeting  without  further  iiuiuiry.  Mr.  Duane  objected  to 
adopting  this  rtsolution  until  tliey  had  at  least  viewed  the  Slate  House  ;  as  it  had  been  otfered  by 
the  Speaker,  it  was  but  respectful  to  him  to  in(juire  whether  it  was  not  eipially  convenient  as  the 
Hall,  and  if  it  were,  it  ought  to  lie  ju-fferrrd  as  it  was  a  I'roviiieial,  lusti'ad  of  a  private,  house. 
TliH  resolution,  however,  was  carried  to  hold  their  meetings  in  I'lirpeiiters"  Hall.  This  little  incident 
displays  the  superiority,  both  in  sagacity  and  iiabltmd  propriety  of  peree|)tion  of  the  New-York 
gentleman  of  that  day  over  the  impulsive  southerner,  ami  »'Ven  over  a  well  bred  Bostonian  j  Ibr 
although  Mr.  Adams  notices  the  deiiate,  he  seems  insensible  to  the  intlueiiee  which  dictated  oppo- 
sition to  tlie  resolution  of  Mr.  LynHi. 

Thememiiers  organized  at  once,  voted  that  their  body  should  be  styled  "  tlie  Congress  ;"  their 
presiding  oilicer  "tiie  President  ;"'  and  their  clerk  "  the  Seerelary  of  the  Congress  ;"  and  after  some 
debute  as  to  rules,  adjourned  To  the  next  day.  t)n  the  (ilh  .S'ptember  arose  the  (U'hate  as  to  the 
manner  ul'  voting  and  what  weight  each  Colony  should  have  ill  the  determination.     Patrick  Henry 


;*v 


MEMOIR  OF   THK   HON.    JAMES    OUANK. 


647 


of  Virginia,  argued  that  by  the  oppression  of  Parliament  all  government  was  dissolved  and  that  we 
were  reduced  to  a  state  of  nature — that  tliere  was  no  longer  any  such  distinction  as  colonies — that  lie 
conceived  himself  not  a  Virginian  but  an  American — that  one  of  the  greatest  mischiefs  to  society  was 
«n  unequal  representation — tliat  there  might  be,  and  probably  would  be  further  ocoisions  for  a 
Congress,  and  tliatit  was  time  to  form  sucli  a  system  as  would  give  cacli  colony  a  just  weiglit  in 
its  deliberations  in  proportion  to  its  opulence  and  numbers  of  inliabitants,  its  exports  and  imports. 
He  was  answered  by  Mr.  (Ward)  of  Rhode  Island,— who  insisted  that  each  colony  should  liave  an 
equal  vote — that  we  came  if  necessary  to  make  a  sacrifice  of  our  all,  and  that  tlie  weakest  colony 
by  such  a  sacrifice  would  suffer  as  much  as  tiie  greatest.  Col.  Harrison,  from  Virginia,  insisled 
strongly  on  the  injustice  that  Virginia  slvould  have  no  greater  weiglit  in  the  determination  than 
one  of  the  smallest  colonies — that  lie  sliould  be  censured  by  Ids  constituents,  and  unable  to  answer 
his  want  of  attention  to  their  interest  should  he  assent  to  it,  and  tliat  he  was  very  apprehensive  that 
if  such  a  disrespect  was  put  upon  his  countrymen  we  should  never  see  them  at  another  convention. 
The  debate  then  took  a  different  turn.  It  was  observed  tiiat  if  an  equal  representation  was  ever  so 
just  the  delegates  from  the  several  colonies  were  unprepared  with  materials  to  settle  that  equitably. 
This  was  an  objection  that  could  not  be  answered.  The  question  was  tlien  put  and  it  was 
resolved  that  the  sense  of  Congress  shall  be  taken  by  voting  in  colonies  each  to  have  one  vote.  In 
the  course  of  this  session  two  committees  were  appointed,  one  to  state  tlie  rights  of  tlie  colonies, 
the  several  instances  in  which  tliey  have  been  violated  and  infringed,  and  the  means  most  proper  to 
obtain  redress ;  the  other  to  state  and  report  the  several  statutes  affecting  tlie  trade  and  manufactures 
of  the  colonies.  Mr.  Duane  and  Mr.  Jay  were  selected  for  tlie  first  of  tliese  important  committees 
and  Mr.  Law  for  the  second.  As  these  committees  withdrew  so  many  members  from  the  G(jngress, 
and  as  the  matters  referred  to  them  were  those  which  had  occasianed  tlie  Congress  to  be  called,  tiie 
President  was  authorised  to  adjourn  it  from  day  to  day  and  call  it  together  when  he  should  tliink  fit. 
The  committee,  to  state  the  rights,  &c.,  met  fortliwith  on  tlie  adjournment  of  the  Congress  and  Mr. 
Duane  proposed  Mr.  Lynch  as  chairman,  but  he  declined  and  proposed  Mr.  Hopkins,  wlio  was 
unanimously  chosen,  and  Charles  Thompson,  the  Secretary  of  the  Congress,  was  chosen  clprk.  Tlie 
flommittee  met  daily  until  the  2'2d  September,  when  it  made  a  report  in  part.  Mr.  Duane  and 
Jay,  in  conformity  with  the  known  wishes  of  tiieir  constituents,  were  for  such  measures  as  slwuld 
secure  the  rights  of  the  colonies  as  then  understood,  and  yet  continue  them  members  of  the  British 
empire,  allowing  to  the  King  his  acknowledged  prerogatives,  and  to  Parliament,  by  express  declara- 
tir^n.  her  supremacy  in  matters  of  external  trade  and  in  relation  to  foreign  connections.  Mr.  Duane 
tmbodied  thesp  ideas  in  a  preamble  and  a  series  of  resolutions  in  substance,  and  some  of  them 
verbatim,  which  were  reported  to  and  adopted  by  Congress  and  are  to  be  found  in  tlieir  Journal. 
The  rights  of  the  King  and  Parliament  are  only  briefly  alluded  to  in  the  adopted  resolutions,  tho' 
substantially  acknowledged  in  the  addresses  published  by  the  Congress. 

Among  the  subjects  of  debate  before  this  committee  was  the  question  whether  the  Quebec  bill 
should  be  reported  as  a  grievance,  and  Mr.  Duane  was  against  including  it  in  the  report,  but  Mr. 
Lee,  from  Virginia,  on  territorial  considerations,  the  eastern  members,  under  pretvace  of  religious 
uses,  and  others,  because  it  would  be  popular  to  insert  it  botii  in  England  and  America,  having 
united,  formed  a  great  majority  against  lum  and  he  acquiesced  in  its  being  reported  unanimously. 

The  proceedings  of  Congress  being  had  with  closed  doors,  and  secrecy  being  imposed  on  the 
members,  much  that  transpired  within  tlie  Congress  is  unknown.  Among  Mr.  Duane's  papers  is 
found  a  copy  of  Dr.  Franklin's  plan  of  a  union  of  the  colonies  proposed  in  1754,  with  an  indorsement 
that  it  was  offered  to  the  Congress  on  the  28th  September,  by  Mr.  Galloway,  seconded  and  supported 
by  the  New- York  members,  but  finally  rejected  and  ordered  to  be  left  out  of  the  minutes. 


648 


MBMOIR  OF  THE  HON.  JAMES  DUANB. 


^|:i; 


■   1; 


Mr.  Duane  was  opposed  to  the  non-importation  agreement  on  the  grounds  that  our  importations 
would  not  materially  affect  tli«  trade  of  Great  Britain;  that  it  would  increase  the  irritation  between  the 
two  countries  and  render  reconciliation  more  difficult,  and  that,  in  case  of  war,  the  possibility  of 
which  was  even  then  contemplated,  we  should  be  in  want  of  the  articles  we  wi>uld  tlius  exclude. 
He,  however,  signed  the  association  and  was  sincere  in  liis  efforts  to  enforce  its  observance.  Congress 
adjourned  the  26th  of  October,  recommending  the  meeting  of  another  on  the  10th  May  then 
next  ensuing. 

The  expenses  of  the  delegates  from  New  York  to  the  first  Congress  seem  to  have  been  paid  by 
themselves,  and  Mr.  Duaue'.s,  as  entered  in  liis  memorandum  book,  were<£87  and  upwards,  exclusive 
of  his  two  months'  board.  Tlie  expences  of  the  Committee  of  Correspondence  in  New- York  were 
of  course  defrayed  by  subscription,  and  it  appears  by  the  receipts  of  Thomas  Petit,  the  collector, 
that  Mr.  Duane  paid  for  tliis  purpose  £5,  November  12th,  1774,  and  a  like  sum.  May  6tli,  1775. 
He  was  also  a  subsri<!  or  to  tlie  fund  lor  the  relief  of  the  fiostonians  and  to  all  tlie  public  entertain- 
ments and  celebrat>oiis  giv«^u  by  the  American  patriots  in  New- York  in  1774  and  beginning  of  1775, 
and  in  addition  to  <  's  he  lost,  by  reason  of  liis  absence  in  Congress,  the  October  term  <A'  tlie  Supreme 
Court  of  the  form.  •  '  t'.ese  years  which,  to  a  professional  man  of  his  eminence  at  the  time,  was  a 
considerable  sacrilkr.  Thus  it  will  appear  that  even  in  the  outset  of  the  Kevolutioa  lie  }iad  a 
foretaste  of  tl>v  sacii^'oes  of  property  lie  afterwards  experienced,  as  well  as  a  knowledge  of  tlie 
consequenciN   x>i  his  Hie,  should  his  country  prove  unsuccessful. 

Mr.  Dunne's  ori''. :  *  rnust  liave  l>een  satistactory  to  his  constituents,  for  in  April,  1775,  lie  was 
elected  a  merobei  •  '..e  Provincial  Congress  which  met  on  tht  20th  of  that  month  in  the  city  of 
New- York,  -nd  by  tliat  body  was  chosen  a  delegate  to  the  Cuagress  that  had  been  recommended 
to  meet  in  Philadelphia  on  the  10th  of  May.  Thither  he  repaired,  leaving  home  soon  after  tlie  battle 
of  Lexington,  and  after  tlie  news  of  that  important  event  had  reached  New-York.  He  was  present 
on  the  day  app<iinted  for  opening ;  co-operated  with  his  iellow  delegates  in  raising  the  army, 
appointing  Washington  Commaiider-in-cliiel',  issuing  bills,  establishing  a  post  office,  and  in  fact 
assuming  all  the  powers  of  government.  He  { icibably  also  joined  them  in  furtlier  attempts  at 
reconciliation  with  the  mother  country,  an  object  all  yet  assumed  to  have  in  view. 

There  is  not  space  liere  to  detail  either  the  duings  of  the  Congress  or  the  share  Mr.  Duane  took 
therein.  The  session  continued  until  the  2d  August  and  then  took  a  recess  until  the  5th  September. 
Tn  the  recess  Mr.  D.  attended  the  Indian  Treaty  at  Albany,  and  among  his  private  expenses  it  appears 
tiiat  he  paid  £b  lor  a  silver  tobacco  box  Ibr  Abraham,  the  Mohawk  Chief.  He  rejoined  Congress  on 
the  12th  September  ai  d  col  tinned  in  constant  attendance  on  it  imliil  the  olst  May,  1776,  when  he 
was  called  home  to  attend  tl'e  Nf  w-York  Congress,  of  which  he  had  again  been  chosen  a  member 
from  the  city  of  New  York  in  April  preceding.  The  object  of  this  call  was  to  assist  in  framing  a 
State  Government  whicii,  as  a  member  of  Congress,  lie  had  recommended,  and  which  the  New-York 
Congress  had  agreed  to  set  about  on  the  20th  My  It  .  i  neither  tear  nor  inclination  that  drew 
both  him  and  Mr.  Jay  from  the  General  Congres;-  at  this  time  and  p:-:;vented  them  from  appearing 
as  signers  of  the  Declaration  of  Independenc,  ro  the  preparato;>  jteps  of  which  they  had  so 
effectually  contributed,  and  to  the  maintenance  jf  which  they  both  devoted  several  after  years 
of  labor. 

Mr.  Dnane  took  his  seat  in  the  Provincial  Congress  on  the  2d  June,  but  left  New-York  on  the 
6th,  iiaving  obtained  leave  of  absence  to  procure  a  place  of  residence  for  his  family.  He  did  not 
again  set  his  foot  in  his  native  city  until  he  entered  it  in  triumph  on  the  25tli  November,  1783. 
The  Convention  also  retired  soon  after  from  the  city  of  New-York  on  account  of  the  invasion  of 
the  British  troops,  and  met  at  various  places  until  it  assembled  more  permanently  at  Fishkill  and 


'i/'W 


MEMOIR  or  THB  HON.  JAMES   DVANB. 


049 


thfre  Mr.  Duane  again  joined  it  on  the  first  of  August.    He  was  sent,  on  the  same  clay  as  one  of  a 

conuulttee  to  inquire  into  the  state  of  defence  of  tlie  forts  Montgomery  and  Constitution  in  the 
Highlands  ;  was  a!)sent  several  days  ;  returned,  made  report  and  continued  witli  the  convention  and 
tiie  committee  of  salety  at  Fishlfill  and  Kingston,  until  tlie  3d  April,  1777,  when  he  was  directed 
to  repair  to  the  Congress  at  Piiiludelphia.  In  tliis  last  period  of  his  attendance  in  the  Provincial 
Congress,  tlie  constitution  for  the  State,  the  draft  of  wliicjj  he  had  reportetl,  was  taken  up.  Tliough 
he  liad  taken  an  active  part  in  its  formation  he  left  Kingston  before  it  was  ilnally  voted  on. 

Mr.  Duane  continued  in  Congress  tlils  time  from  Ai>ril  to  December,  1777,  wiien,  having 
obtained  leave  of  absence,  lie  returned  to  liis  family  at  Livingston's  Manor.  On  tlie  13th  May 
prece<linic,  the  Provincial  Convention,  after  thanking  him  for  his  long  and  faitliful  services,  had 
appointed  him  delegate  to  Congress  until  the  new  legislature  should  make  an  election,  by  wliich 
boily  he  was  also  appointeil  a  delegate.  In  1777,  Mr  Duane,  with  Messrs.  Lee  and  Lovell,  were 
a  conunittee  to  arrange  tlie  Articles  of  Confederation,  (after  they  liad  been  agreed  to  by  Congress) 
alter  the  pharseology,  witliout,  however,  altering  tlie  sense  and  report  tlieni  complete.  This  was 
done  on  tlie  IStli  November  ;  on  the  17th  of  the  same  month  the  same  committee  reported  u  circular 
letter  from  Congress  to  the  several  States  to  accompany  the  articles. 

In  the  spring  and  SJuumer  of  1778,  Mr.  Duane  had  an  attack  of  sickness  and  did  not  return  to 
Congress  until  Noveiiilxr,  1778,  having  been  re-appointe*!  a  delegate  on  the  ICth  October  preceding. 
His  attendance  at  tliis  time  was  particularly  urged  by  the  Governor  and  his  fellow  Delegates  on 
account  of  the  Vermont  dispute,  with  wliich  lie  was  thoroughly  acquainted.  He  attended  Congress 
until  September,  1779,  when  having  obtained  leave  of  absence,  he  returned  home  on  a  short  visit. 
In  October  o''  the  same  year,  he,  John  Morin  Scott,  and  Egliert  Benson  were  appointed,  l)y  the 
Legislature,  coiMmissioners  to  collect  evidence  for  New-York  in  the  controversy  witli  Vermont.  In 
November  he  was  re-appointed  delegate,  attended  Congress  \mtil  sometime  in  tiie  winter  of  1780, 
when  ho  returned  home  to  execute  the  commission  with  which  he  was  entrusted  the  preceding 
October.  He  spent  some  time  in  tliis  duly  and  in  arranging  the  evideJice  collected  and  set  out  to  rejnin 
Congress  on  the  13th  of  April.  On  his  way  to  Philadelphia,  he  5tr>nped  at  Morristown,  then  the 
head-qnarfers  of  the  army  and  loiiiid  there  on  a.  visit  to  General  Washington,  the  French 
Minister,  his  Secretary  Marbois  and  the  Spanish  Agent  Don  Juan  Mirales.  For  their  entertainment 
a  review  and  iiall  were  had.  It  was  this  session  that  he  completed  his  brief  in  the  Vermont  case, 
but  tlie  matter  was  not  argued  before  Congress  until  Septeml^er  following,  and  then  inellectnally  as 
regarded  Vermont,  who  refused  to  appear  or  submit  to  the  decision  of  Congress  ;  in  etfect, 
however,  it  put  an  end  to  any  fnrther  serious  claims  of  New  Hampshire  or  Massachusetts  in  that 
quarter. 

After  a  short  visit  home  Mr.  Duane  returned  to  Philadelphia  on  the  4th  September.  On  his  way 
he  again  visited  liead-qiiarters,  and  as  he  writes  to  his  wife,  "  The  General  was  so  good  as  to  give 
"  me  a  \  iew  of  our  native  city.  It  was  a  remote  one  from  a  point  al)ove  Weehawk  ferry,  it  however 
"gave  me  some  satisfaction.  The  Island  was  in  full  sight  and  the  enemies  works  and  siiips.  The 
"  island  itself  makes  a  desolate  appearance  and  the  works  do  not  seem  so  f()rini  ■in  .  -m:  imported." 
This  was  probably  the  only  time  he  had  seen  the  city  since  he  left  it  in  June,  1*":6, .  d  although 
lie  had  left  there  a  valuable  property,  he  makes  no  lamentations,  even  to  his  wife,  .nout  tneir  ow n 
losses,  but  directs  his  attention  to  tlie  defences  erected  to  prevent  his  country's  army  from  regaining 
it  by  conquest. 

Mr.  Duane  was  re-elected  in  1780,  and  on  the  1st  March,  178i,  executed,  w  ith  Col.  Floyd  and  Gen. 
McDougall,  then  delegates,  the  power  with  which  tl.ey  Nad  been  entrusted,  of  ceding  the  New-York 
alaims  to  th«  w«st«ru  luudit  t*  th«  Uuit«d  States.  On  tii^  game  day  Maryland,  the  only  State  which  had 
V«L.  IV.  82 


i 


i 


650 


MCMOia  or  THE   HON.   JAMES  OUAITE. 


not  done  so  before,  ncoetled  to  tlie  Articles  of  Confederation.  Those  two  matters  had  Rpecially 
detained  Mr.  Diuine  at  Pliiladclpliia,  and  tliey  being  completed  he  announced  his  intention  of 
returning  home.  He  could  not  leave  Congress  nutil  tlie  beginning  of  May,  and  lie  remained  absent 
until  the  31st  uf  July  when  he  resumed  his  seat.  While  in  tlie  State  on  this  occasion,  he  appeared 
before  the  Legislature  lor  the  puropose  of  giving  that  body  information  with  respect  to  public 
business.  This  done,  he  called  its  attention  to  certain  slanderous  charges  published  anonymously 
in  the  news]>apers  and  requested  some  action  of  the  Legislature  thereon.  This  occasioueil  a  joint 
resolution  tu  be  passed,  the  27th  June,  expressing  its  coniiuued  confidence  in  him  and  Gen.  Scott 
and  requesting  them  to  return  to  Congress  as  soon  as  they  conveniently  could.  At  the  same  time, 
Genls.  McDougall,  Schuyler  and  Seott,  Col.  Floyd,  Chancellor  Livingston,  Mr.  Wlsner  and  Governor 
Clinton,  who  had  been  his  colleagues  in  Congress  at  ditferent  times,  came  forward  with  strong  and 
lull  certiticates  in  his  vindication.  He  returned  home  on  the  18th  October,  and  although  he  wtis 
the  same  month  re-appointed  delegate,  he  does  not  appear  to  have  attended  Congress  until  the  24th 
of  June,  1782.  On  the  22d  July  following  he  was  re-appointed  delegate  for  one  year  from  the 
first  Monday  of  November  then  next,  which  was  his  lust  appointment  to  that  office.  He  was,  at 
the  same  time,  ehosen  by  the  Assembly  (as  was  then  allowed)  a  Senator  from  the  &mthern  District 
in  place  of  Sir  James  Jay,  whose  seat  was  declared  vacant.  In  November,  1782,  Mr.  Duane 
obtained  leave  of  aosence  from  Congress,  returned  home  and  on  the  meeting  of  the  Legi^';iture  in 
January,  1783,  attended  as  u  Senator,  and  contiimed  so  iniul  the  adjournment  of  that  body  on 
the  28t'.i  March  following.  On  the  lOtli  Tuly,  he  took  his  seat  for  the  last  term  in  Congress, 
remained  there  until  the  adjournment  thereof  to  Annapolis,  in  the  beginning  of  November,  when 
he  was  calle«l  home  to  act  as  one  of  the  Council  lor  the  Government  of  the  Southern  District  of  New 
York,  of  wliich  b«jdy  tl>e  Lt-jcislature  had  some  time  liefore  elected  him  a  member.  Beloie  he  left 
Congress  he  had  the  pleasure  of  drawing,  reporting  and  helping  to  pass  the  resolution  of  thanks  of 
the  brave  army  whicii  more  than  eii;ht  years  before  he  ha<l  voted  to  raise. 

The  council  alwve  mentioned  had  been  vested  with  almost  dictatorial  power  to  continue  until 
the  goveramejit  could  be  re-eslablished  over  that  jMirt  of  the  State  so  long  possessed  by  he  enemy, 
and  now  alxMit  to  he  evacuatetl.  Mr.  Du.me  joined  the  other  members  of  this  body,  and  with 
General  Washington,  Governor  Clinton,  and  liundreds  of  his  fellow  exiles,  entered  on  the  25tli 
November,  1783,  his  native  city,  when  he  took  possession  of  his  dilapidated  property.  He  found 
his  liouses  in  King  (now  I'ine)  street,  and  at  tiie  corner  of  Water  street  and  Fly  market,  almost 
entirely  tlestroyed.  His  farm,  as  he  calls  it,  consisting  of  about  twenty  acres,  at  what  is  now  called 
Gramercie  i»ark'  and  its  vicinity,  was  in  pretty  good  order,  the  house  having  been  occupied  by  one 
of  tile  Urilish  generals. 

The  council  took  !)ossessi(m  of  the  property  of  Trinity  church,  set  aside  an  election  of  vestrymen 
that  had  lieen  held  jnst  before  the  Americans  regained  New-York,  and  ordered  a  new  election,  in 
wiiich  Mr.  Duane  was  cliosen  one  of  the  clmrch  wardens,  and  other  wliigs  vestrymen.  Tiiis  eleotion 
was  alUTwanls  coiitirmed   by  act  of  Legislature,  and  the  persons  elected  chose  as  rector  of  tlio 

1  In  ISni,  Samuel  B.  Rugglcs  Vitcamn  possewcd  of  a  portion  of  the  old  Duane  Farm.  This  farm  had  a  front  of  about  400  feet  on  tlio 
Bowery-roml,  nnil  ran  thenco  cn^tirly  almost  to  the  river,  with  some  upland,  but  much  monus,  overgrown  with  cat-toils,  and  through 
which  wanilerfd  a  stream  known  as  C'rumniai«ic-Vly  or  Winding  Creeli.  •  •  •  Jle  planted  on  the  edg«  of  the  moruss,  in  LcccuiLct, 
IHIil.  Ommorcv  inrk,  by  gratuitously  (li^inK  the  whole  of  the  66  lots  it  oomprlsoi — now  worth  two  hund-cd  th  iiisand  dollars — and  atliirliiii;; 
to  llio  );rnnt  ii  ivmiliiiiin  Ihnt  ti  n  iliilhii>  ii  l"t  shoiiM  be  iinmmlly  pnid  forever  by  the  re.>idrnts  arraind  the  winnrr  m  a  fund  ruit  of  wliicli 
to  pliint.  irr«.rve,  aii.l  ad.irn  it.  T'lNliiiiiij);  t<K),  the  jwrsonttl  vnnily  of  entiiiliiij;  his  own  inline  upon  thi:  eriiitiim  of  his  own  enc;uy 
and  property,  he  pre'iTve.l  the  name  by  »1  ieh  the  <ild  Duane  estate  ytas  known,  (he  (iramercy  Seat— corrupted,  probably,  from  llio 
Cro<i!icd  Crrc'k,  or  (Jrommo-sec,  which  meandered  throuRh  its  meadows.— /Vc«iJcii/  hints  Protresi  of  Ktw-York  during  the  lust 
f^t^  Itsrt. 


MEMOIR  or  Tilt   IION.   JAMES    DrAtlE. 


«&1 


c-luirch  tlie  Rev.  Samwel  Provoost,  n  whig  wlio  had  left  Ncw-Ydik  wlu-ii  the  British  took  iiosst-ssinn, 
imd  who  was  itftfrwards  tlio  Bishop  of  this  Diocose.  Tlie  prdporfy  whs  til'tiTwaids  iTsttiml,  and 
Mr.  Diiaiio  coiilitmeil  to  bo  clecttxl  cliurcli  warden  so  long  us  lio  remained  a  resident  of  the  city 
«1"  New-York. 

Al)out  tlic  lust  of  Deccmlier,  1783,  the  elections  in  the  Southern  District  took  place  and  Mr. 
Duiine,  who  liad  been  nominated,  was  chosen  senator.  Tiie  Legislature  having  met  in  New  York,  in 
Jiuuuuy,  1784,  the  powers  of  tlie  Council  ceased  and  tlie  government  went  into  fidl  and  peaceful 
operation  over  the  whole  State. 

Mr,  Duane,  like  most  of  the  other  patriots  who  had  participated  in  the  Revolution,  finmd  it  neces- 
sary, at  the  conclusion  of  the  war,  to  resort  to  business  again  for  a  livelihootl,  and  he  entered  New 
York  with  a  firm  determination  to  resume  the  practice  of  his  profession ;  but  the  members  of  the 
Common  Council  of  the  city  now  petitioned  the  Governor  to  nominate  him  Mayor,  and  "as  no  one," 
they  say  In  their  petition,  "Is  better  qualified,  so  none  will  be  moie  acceptable  to  «s  and  our 
constituents  at  large  than  Mr.  Duune.  Few  have  sacrificed  more  or  deserve  better  from  their 
country ."  Many  private  friends  urging  him  to  accept  this  office,  Mr.  D.  consentetl  and  was  accord- 
ingly appointed  on  5tli  February,  1784,  Mayor  of  his  native  city. 

Tliough  his  duties  now  were,  in  many  respects,  very  onerous,  yet  his  position  was,  on  many 
occiisions,  a  source  of  great  gratification.  In  1785  he  had  the  pleasure,  as  Chief  Magistrate  of  his 
native  city,  to  welcome  to  their  session  therein,  the  old  Congress  under  the  Presidency  of  Ids  old 
friend  Hicliard  Henry  Lee,  and  filled  with  others  of  his  Revolutionary  colleagues  as  meml)ers  ;  the 
same  agreeable  duty  he  performed  In  March,  1789,  to  the  fii-st  Congress  under  the  present  Consti- 
tution, and  a  lew  weeks  after,  he  welcomed  Washington  himself  as  President  of  the  Republic, 
whicii  their  joint  labors,  in  diverse  but  equally  essential  fields  of  action,  luid  helped  to  establisli. 

As  Mayor  of  the  ci*y  of  New  York  Mr.  Duane  not  only  held  civil  and  crimiiml  courts  for  the  city, 
but  was  included  In  the  commission  of  Oyer  and  Terminer  for  the  county.  As  a  Judge  of  the 
liitfer  court,  at  the  request  of  Judge  Ilobart  of  the  Supreme  Court,  al.so  in  the  commission,  he  deliv- 
ered the  charge  to  the  first  Grand  Jury  summoned  in  that  court,  in  the  city,  after  the  war,  on  the 
IStlv  May,  1784 — a  mark  of  distinction  that  woidd  only  have  been  paid  to  one  whose  eminence  In 
the  country  and  profession  were  such  as  to  elicit  no  invidious  observations.  In  the  Mayor's  Court 
held  by  hira  much  business  was  dispatched,  and  in  tliat  court  were  the  then  young  lawyers, 
Hamilton,  Burr,  Troup,  Lewis,  Brockholst  and  Edward  Livingston,  Hoff"man  and  others,  trained  up 
to  the  eminence  they  afterwards  attained  in  their  profession.  Among  the  cases  decldetl  by  him  In 
1784,  Hiul  whicli  was  published,  was  that  of  Rutgers  vs.  Waddington,  involving  the  validity  of 
what  was  called  the  Trespass  Act,  passed  just  before  the  close  of  the  war  to  enable  the  whigs,  who 
bad  Hed  from  New  York  to  recover  damageo  from  those  who  had  occupied  it  while  in  possession  of 
the  enemy.  Tills  cjise  excited  great  sensation  in  the  community  of  that  day,  and  became  the 
subject  of  Legislative  resolutions;  and  it  is  a  curious  coincidence  that  the  same  gentleman  who  was 
tlie  defendant  then,  was  also  defendant  In  a  suit,  that  of  Griswolds  vs.  Waddington,  at  the  close 
of  our  next  war  with  England,  exciting  almost  equal  interest  and  involving  a  much  larger  amount 
(if  property  tlian  the  one  decided  just  after  the  Revolution.  Mr.  Duane  presided  in  tlie  Mayor's 
Court  tor  nearly  six  years,  and  in  that  time  very  many  of  the  questions  came  before  him  and  received 
his  decision,  wliich  were  subsequently  decided  the  same  way  by  our  Supreme  Court,  and  perpetuated 
in  tlie  Reports  of  Johnson  and  their  successors.  He  was  thus  one  of  the  channels  by  which  the 
legal  lore  of  England  and  the  colony  was  conducted  to  those  who  have  distributed  it  in  our  State 
courts,  and  caused  these  to  become  the  admiration  of  our  sister  States. 

Mr.  Duauti  was  State  Scuutur,  except  iu  178()  and  1787  from  the  time  of  Lis  elecUou  at  the  close 


!  f ' 


I  ^ 


«M 


MtMOItk  or  Tut  HON.   JAMBS   DDAfTE. 


of  the  \var,Hntn  SOth  IVfnrch,  1790,  wli»u  the  Senate  voted  that  Iiis  sent,  as  well  as  timt  of  three  other 
Sfiiiitorg,  had  (icciiiiie  vntaiit  in  cuii!*t'(jiieiire  ol"  having  accejttftl  olHrts  juuier  the  Unlttnl  S|,,(e». 
The  correctness  of  tliis  lieelsion  was  aoiuiested  in  tvitliout  nnicli  oljectiun.  In  this  perltt!  el  )il9 
Senaforship  niuny  ot  onr  most  important  imhlic  laws  were  jmssed,  of  the  provisions  of  which  li« 
was  tlie  princi]Mil  antlior.  Tlie  law  for  incorporating  religions  societies,  lor  esttthlisliing  the 
university,  and  for  the  sale  of  tlie  ]>id>ljc  lands  uru  instances.  Tlie  first  revision  of  onr  statute 
law  after  the  Revolntion,  hy  Jonej  &  V'ariek,  als«)  came  Mora  the  Legislature  at  this  period,  and  his 
attention  and  knowledge  we»e  InstoHed,  and  were  very  useful  in  tlie  aceomplishmeut  of  tlie  work. 

The  claims  of  Massachusetts  on  New  York,  wliicli  prior  to  the  lle\olution  seemed  only  to  relate  to 
oureastern  l>onndary,  after  the  ]>eace  asnumed  a  more  im|><>rtant  form.  The  loriucr  Stale  put  in  ii 
clidm  to  all  the  territory  lying  l)etween  her  western  Iwuntlary  and  tlie  Paciflc  ocean.  On  the  I'ith 
Novendxr,  1784,  James  Dnane,  John  Jay,  Robert  it.  Livingston,  Kgl)ert  Benson,  and  Walter 
Livingston,  were  apjMiintetl  agents  of  the  State  in  that  controversy  which  was  then  expected  to 
be  tried  by  a  federal  couit  under  the  articles  of  confederation.  In  December  the  agents  i>ro- 
ceeded  to  Trenton,  where  Cnngrehs  then  sat  to  meet  the  Massachusetts  agents  to  form  the  court. 
Several  weeks  were  sjient  hi  vain  attemj)t8  to  obtain  unobjectionable  judges,  and  when  such  were 
found,  some  of  them  would  not  serve,  so  that  the  business  had  to  be  done  over  again.  The  con- 
ferences were  extended  into  1785,  and  New  York  selected  as  the  place  of  meeting.  In  this  matter 
Mr.  DuHiie  drew  the  brief  on  the  part  of  New  York '  (subsequently  indeed  handed  to  Samuel  Jones 
and  Alexander  Hamilton,  as  counsel  to  complete)  and  drew  most  of  the  notes  and  communications 
to  the  otiier  agents,  the  petitions  to  Congress,  and  the  }etter8  to  the  selected  judges.  The  diilicnlty 
of  procuring  a  court  in  which  both  jiarties  had  toiifidence  anil  a  conviction  among  all  tiie  agents, 
that  an  aniicaide  armn^eineiit  might  l>e  m»  \f  'm'  themselves,  advantageous  to  both  parties,  induced 
them  to  request  tlieir  iispe«li\i'  Le^^islaiurts  to  allow  them  to  settle  the  dispute  as  each  should 
think  most  for  the  interest  of  their  own  Stah;.  Such  acts  were  jmssed  both  by  New- York  and 
Massachusetts,  the  former  State  at  the  same  tiiue  substituting  Melanctiion  Smith,  Itol)ert  Yates  and 
John  Lansing,  Junr.,  as  agents,  in  place  of  Juiin  Jay  and  Walter  Livingston,  resigned.  Tlie  agents 
'>oth  sides  met  at  llartibrd,  in  November,  1780,  and  after  about  tiiree  weeks  negotiation  made 

<  d  arrangement  by  which  Massachusetts  was  allowed  the  ownership  of  most  of  the  western 
( :.  iir  State,  beyond  the  military  tract,  while  the  jurisdiction  over  it  was  lobe  retained  by 

'  rk.  As  the  Indian  title  was  not  then  extinguished,  as  the  land  was  wild  and  our  State  in 
w  nt  of  population,  few  of  the  present  day  will  doubt  the  advantage  of  the  bargain  to  have  been 
ours.  The  direction  then  gi\en  to  emigration  from  Massachusetts  was  to  her  wild  lands  in  our 
State  iijstcad  of  the  Ohio,  w  liich  was  then  opening  to  settlemeut,  and  to  which  country  great  etforts 
were  making  in  New-England  to  allure  settlers. 

In  1788,  Mr.  Duane  Avas  elected  a  member  of  the  Convention  that  met  at  Poughkeepsic,  to 
consider  the  propriety  of  adopting  the  C\institution  of  tlie  United  States,  and  it  is  hardly  necessary 
to  say,  that  like  most  of  tliose  who  hail  served  long  in  Congress,  and  viewed  the  importance  of  a 
closer  Union  of  the  States,  and  the  necessity  of  more  powers  in  the  general  government  to  perform 
many  of  its  essential  funcii<,n?,  he  spoke  and  voted  in  favor  of  its  adoption.  The  new  government 
went  into  operation  in  tlie  spring  of  1789,  and  in  Septemlwr  of  that  year,  Mr.  Duane  was  nominated 
by  President  Washington,  and  appointed  by  the  Senate,  District  Ju«lge  of  the  District  of  New-York. 


1  This  (locumRDt  is  amon);  the  MSS.  of  the   New. York  Ilistorical  Society,  a  copy  taken  by  permission  of  the  Society,  hoi 
beeo  (iopout«d  ia  the  &tM»  Librar-r. 


MKMOm   or   Tilt  HO.f.   JAMES    OVAJIU. 


858 


The  Pn-sldcnt  HcconipHiiinl  liis  coninUsniou  by  uii  autograph  letter,  in  whlcli,  after  the  formal 
unniiuiiiT meiit  of  tlie  H|ipuliitin<>iit,  he  says, 

"In  III)' MomlnatiiiTi!*  of  |)or«()ns  to  fill  oIHpok  In  tliu  Jndldiil  •li-pnrtniciil,  I  liavu  brrn  g\Mvi\  l>y  tlio  linpoitAnco  of  (lie 
"  ol)Ji'ct,  CoiisiiliTlnn  It  BKof  llic  (lifit  iii«(fiiitiiilp  nti'l  «s  tlie  pllliir  tm  wlilcli  our  pollllonl  falnlc  niimt  ri'nt,  I  Imvc  oiult'iivnrcd 
"  to  bring  Into  tho  liiicli  (idlcos  of  iln  ailiiilrihtiallon  midi  clmriictvri  an  will  give  hlulilllly  iiiid  illnnlly  to  our  Natioiial  (invorn- 
"  nioiit,  mill  I  pt'rnmidf  iiiyni'lf  tliey  will  discover  ii  duo  desire  lo  iiroiiiotv  tUf  ImppiiR'M  ol'oiir  coimtry  by  a  ri'udy  accuptanc* 
"  of  ttivir  aevcral  appuiiitiiiuiit«." 

Mr.  Pnano  was  much  Rratiftpd  at  tliN  appointment,  ns  it  was  given  him  hy  WAsiiiNcTi*..  a  -^ 


imtil  tlie  iioniiiiatlon  was  made  lie  «lot'S  not  '  >,"    r  'v 

ipliiNd.     He  was  sworn  into  of'ce  on  tho  1''     lirtobtr, 

fli-    Jury  Court  commenced  in  January,  nt;t',  aiui  {i!*i 

iiccoiuit  of  tlie  extent  and  distribution  of  tie  judicial 

.jiLiuent  of  the  crimes  of  wiilch  tlie  jury  liad  ccqiiizance, 


without  solicitation  on  his  part.     Iix' 
have  been  informed  that  it  was  cot' 
178!),  Iieiore  Chief  Justice  Morris. 
char};e  to  tho  Grand  Jury  presi-iits  a  • 
power  of  the  United  States,  as  well  as  .. 
and  their  general  duties. 

On  the  27th  November,  1790,  his  fatlier-in-law,  Col.  Livingston,  died,  and  if  we  may  Judge  from 
the  correspondence  In'tween  them  lor  a  period  ot  thirty  years,  he  lost  one  whom  he  reverenced  as  a 
parent  and  who  esteemed  him  with  atVection  and  pride  as  an  elder  and  accomidished  son. 

For  about  Ave  years  Judge  Duane  continued  to  execute  the  duties  of  his  last  office  earnestly 
endeavouring  to  fulfil  the  wishes  of  Wa:iiiington,  and  the  still  higher  object  of  satisfying  his 
enliglitened  conscience.  Most  of  the  questions  that  came  betore  him  he  was  familiar  with,  so 
that  this  olTice  was  less  br.rthensome  to  lilni  than  any  he  had  held  for  many  years.  He  was  fond  of 
riding  on  horseback,  and  had  no  doubt,  preserved  his  health  l>y  continuing  the  jjractice  to  a  late 
peritxl  of  his  life.  Hut  forty  years  labor  had  so  aflect«'d  his  health,  as  to  induce  a  resolution  on 
his  part,  to  resign  and  retire  to  Duanesburgh,  where  his  only  son  and  one  of  his  daughters  resided. 
Accordingly,  on  the  10th  of  March,  1701,  he  addressed  a  letter  to  the  President,  announcing  his 
wishes,  and  urging  the  ajipointujent  of  a  successor  by  the  middle  of  April.  The  President  answered 
in  a  kind  letter  dated  23d  March,  and  on  the  8th  Ajiril,  as  soon  as  the  business  of  the  court 
permitted,  lie  transmitted  his  resignation  in  due  form,  and  retired  finally  from  a  l<»ng  and  honorable 
public  Hie.  After  consultation  with  Judge  Wilson,  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  as  to 
tlie  form  of  relinquishing  tiie  otiice;  it  was  thought  most  proper  to  do  it  liyan  instrument  undt-r  his 
hand  and  seal.  Sucli  an  one  was  drawn,  in  wliich  al'ter  reciting  "  the  Letters  Patent,"  by  which 
he  was  authorized  to  hold  the  office  during  good  behaviour,  he  did  "  by  these  presents  freely  and 
"  volmitarily  and  absolutely  resign,  relinquish  and  smrender  the  said  office  of  Judge  of  the  New- 
"York  District,  with  all  tlie  powers,  privileges  and  emoluments  to  the  same  appertaining."  This 
was  sealed,  signed,  witnessed  by  two  witnesses,  and  ackowledged  in  due  form,  before  Judge  Wilson. 
Such  were  the  formalities  witii  which  our  distinguished  men  of  former  days  thought  it  best  to  transact 
imix)rtaut  business  and  neither  their  coteinporaries  or  successors  were  the  worse  for  their  precautions. 
On  the  12th  April,  he  announcctl  to  Bishop  Provost,  his  intended  removal  from  the  city,  and  tliat 
he  should  no  longer  be  a  candidate  for  his  office  of  church  warden  of  Trinity  Church,  which  he 
had  then  held  since  1784,  and  of  which  church  he  had  been  a  vestryman  some  years  before  the 
Revolution.  Tlie  vestry  passed  resolutions  highly  acceptable  to  Mr.  Duane,  which  were  transmitted 
to  him,  at  their  request,  by  the  Bishop,  in  a  letter  expressive  of  his  regard  and  regret  in  such 
terms  as  befitted  their  relations  as  old  friends. 

Ju*lge  Duane  removed  a  few  da)  s  after  to  Schenectady,  where  he  owned  some  property,  and  where 
he  hud  Imjueutly  speut  puit  of  the  year  with  his  family,  desiguiug  to  rcmuiu  in  that  city  uutil  he 


;t* 


lir. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


^ 


1.0 


I.I 


l^|28     |2^ 

i50   "^^     MflH 

■^  Uii   12.2 
^   li£    1112.0 


m 


11.25  llll  1.4 


6" 


^% 


'>»  ■> 


y 


>^ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)872-4503 


^ 


N^ 


^^ 


^ 


:\ 


\ 


A 


'^^v 

^-^ 


6^ 


654 


MUIOIK  or  THE  BON.  JAHta  DCANE. 


could  carry  into  effect  his  intention  of  fixing  his  permanent  residence  in  Duanesburgh.  His  private 
business  gave  him  sufficient  occupation,  his  estate  consisting  principally  of  wild  luiids  purcliased 
before  tlie  revolution,  and  whicli  by  leasing  and  improving  in  his  own  hands  lie  was  endeavoring  to 
render  productive.  His  Vermont  lands  had  been  released  to  tliat  state  by  New  York,  against  iiis 
consent,  under  promise  of  a  trifling  equivalent,  and  even  that  not  paid  until  some  time  after  his 
death.  He  considered  our  State  bound  to  make  good  the  loss  of  its  citizens  in  relinquishing  tliese 
lands,  and  among  his  papers  is  part  of  a  brief  on  the  subject  prepared  for  Mr.  Harrison,  who 
once  argued  tlie  matter  before  the  Assembly  on  behalf  of  the  proprietors.  In  1795  he  had  the 
gratification  of  witnessing  the  consecration,  by  Bishop  Provost,  of  an  Episcopal  churcli  lie  had 
erected  in  Duanosburgh,  at  his  own  expense.  In  1796  he  commtuced  building  a  house  in  that 
town  for  his  own  residence,  but  he  never  lived  to  complete  it.  On  tlie  morning  of  the  first  of 
February,  1797,  just  as  be  was  about  to  rise,  he  was  taken  with  an  Section  of  tlie  heart,  and 
expired  immediately. 

This  notice  of  his  public  employments  shows  the  esteem  and  respect  in  which  the  Hon.  James 
DuANE  was  universally  held  ;  in  private  life  there  is  no  tradition  of  his  having  ever  lost  a  friend. 
He  was  of  a  kind,  cheerful,  and  social  disposition,  fond  of  society,  and  well  calculated  to  bear  a 
prominent  part  in  it,  whetlier  the  amenities  and  courtesies  of  life  were  required  to  be  exercised,  or 
whether  grave  matters  of  business  were  topics  of  discussion.  Many  societies  in  otiier  states 
enrolled  him  among  their  members.  He  was  an  honorary  member  of  the  Ginciunati  Society  in  July, 
1784,  attended  their  meetings,  was  one  of  their  committee  of  correspondence,  and  aided  in  procuring 
the  alteration  in  their  constitution  that  took  away  the  jealousy  of  so  many  of  the  ardent  democracy 
of  the  country.  No  layman  of  the  Episcopal  church  was  more  instrumental  than  hin^self  in  uniting 
all  its  members  in  the  United  States  under  one  constitution,  and  in  obtaining  the  consecration  of  lier 
first  bishops. 

At  his  death  Judge  Duane  was  survived  by  his  widow,  one  son  and  four  daughters.  The  son 
was  the  late  James  C.  Duane,  of  Schenectady.  His  oldest  daughter  married  the  late  General  North 
of  Duanesburgh,  and  is  long  since  dead.  His  second  daughter  married  George  W.  Feather- 
stonhaugh,  an  English  gentleman,  who  after  her  death  returned  to  England,  and  has  been  for  some 
years  consul  at  Havre.  Another  daughter  married  the  late  Alfred  S.  Pell  Esq.,  and  is  yet  living 
in  the  city  of  New-Tork,  and  the  remaining  daughter  resides  in  Duanesburgh,  and  for  her 
disposition  and  deeds  of  charity,  is  the  worthy  representative  of  her  distinguished  father. 

Judge  Duane  is  interred  under  the  church  he  built  in  Duanesburgh,  and  a  neat  mural  tablet  within 
the  church  is  erected  to  his  memory.  His  widow  survived  until  1821,  and  is  buried  beside  her 
husband,  and  a  similar  monument  to  his,  records  her  memory,  and  reminds  us  of  lier  virtues.  There 
are  two  original  portraits  of  Judge  Duane  preserved ;  one.  by  Coply,  painted  about  tlie  year  1773, 
now  in  the  possession  of  his  great  granddaughter,  Mrs.  Weston,  of  Augusta,  Maine  ;  the  other  painted 
by  C.  W.  Peale,  about  the  close  of  the  evolution,  now  in  the  possession  of  his  grandson,  James 
Duane,  of  Franklin  county,  and  of  which  the  one  in  the  City  Hall,  of  New- York,  is  a  copy. 


.»: 


•;..*•  r  *3 -•'•:•-■. 


••,'•'■  *J<V'}(!*ww!J'j^  '.ftVfl^.'rt  vr -rr-'r<Vv 


^«;* 


•-    V,.,    ..iK^I'Uf'V.t 


i-  . 


U^  ,.-.t 


.'I 


XVII. 


'.  •    ;   -.    .    ,1-. 
■h    vfU    I  it 


.»|...'         !■■  .    .■   n'>  '»  '■* 

/li'.J'-  'I,       «••  ''.Ji        i't 


PROCLAMATION 

'  "  '  '      OF  THE  LAST  OF  THS  BOTAL  GOTERNORS  OF  NEW-YORK. 

His  Excellency  James  Bobertson  Esquire,  Captain  General  and  6oTernor-in-chief  in  and  over 
the  Province  of  New  Yorlc  and  the  Territories  depending  thereon  in  America,  Cliancellor 
and  Vice  Admiral  of  the  same,  and  Major  General  of  liis  Majesty's  Forces. 

A  PROCLAMATION. 

The  King  having  been  graciously  pleased  to  honor  me  with  the  care  of  a  Province,  where,  in  a 
long  Residence,  I  have- contracted  an  Esteem  for  some,  and  an  Affection  for  many  of  its  Inhabitants 
I  proceed  with  great  Pleasure  to  announce  his  benevolent  Intentions.       . .  ,, 

It  is  his  Miyesty's  wish,  by  the  Revival  of  the  Civil  Authority,  to  prove  to  all  the  Colonies  and 
Provinces,  tliat  it  is  not  liis  Design  to  govern  America  by  Military  I^w,  but  that  they  are  to  enjoy 
all  tlie  Denefits  of  a  local  Legislation  and  their  former  Constitution. 

To  this  End  I  have  brought  out  tlie  Royal  Appointments  for  forming  the  Council,  and  supplying 
the  Places  of  Lieutenant  Governor  and  Ciiief  Justice.  And  in  concurrence  witii  the  Comniander- 
in-cliief  of  tlie  British  Forces,  who  is  also  l)is  Majesty's  Commissioner  for  restoring  Peace  to  the 
Colonies,  I  shall  as  speedily  as  the  publiclc  Exigencies  will  permit,  give  order  for  opening  the  Courts 
of  Judicature  and  convening  the  Assembly;  and  in  genera]  proceed  to  the  Execution  of  the  Powers 
reposed  in  me,  for  the  free  Course  and  complete  Re-Establishment,  both  of  the  Legislative  and 
Executive  Authority. 

I  take  great  satisfaction  in  the  Anticipation  of  that  happy  day  when  Relations,  Friends  and 
Fellow-Citizens,  having  dismissed  their  gloomy  Apprehensions,  shall  re-embrace  each  other,  and 
return  to  the  Offices,  Pleasures  and  Employments  of  Peace.  Your  Country  with  your  antient 
Priviledges,  will  tlien  participate  in  an  extensive  Commerce  and  be  exempted  from  all  Taxations  not 
imposed  by  yourselves. 

Until  I  meet  you  regularly  in  General  Assembly  for  the  Restoration  of  mutual  Confidence,  and  the 
Remedying  of  private  as  well  as  public  Evils,  I  pledge  myself  to  Men  of  all  classes  in  every  part  of 
the  Province,  that  it  is  the  compassionate  Desire  of  your  Sovereign  and  of  the  Parent  Country,  to 
unite  in  Alfection  as  in  Interest  with  the  Colonies  planted  by  her  hand  and  which  have  long 
flourished  under  her  care ;  that  the  suggestions  of  lier  intention  to  impair  their  Rights  and  Privi- 
ledges are  the  Arts  of  Malice  and  Faction, — and  that  every  Insinuation  made  by  tlie  domestic 
Enemies  of  Great  Britain  of  lier  being  disposed  to  abandon  tlie  Provinces  to  internal  Anarchy ;  and 
th«  Mischieft  «f  tlwir  jarting  latarests  aind  VaiiUi  or  t*  tb*  fraudultut  and  amblUoua  vi«w«  «f 


'^\v 


656 


PROCtiMATtOH  OF  THE  LAST  KOTAL  COTKAMOB  OF  NEW-YORK. 


foreign  popish  and  arbitrary  Powers  (of*  whom  your  Fathers  had  a  wise  and  virtuous  Jealousy)  is 
equally  false  and  malicious. 

Happy  herself,  under  a  Constitution  which  is  the  Envy  and  Admiration  of  surrounding  Nations, 
she  wishes  to  include  in  one  comprehensive  system  of  Felicity,  all  the  Branches  of  a  stock, 
intimately  connected  by  the  Ties  of  Language,  Manners,  Laws,  Customs,  Habits,  Interests,  Religion 
and  Blood. 

I  lament  with  the  ingenuous  Thousands  of  America  who  are  irreconcileable  to  the  unnatural 
Separation  so  inauspicious  to  yourselves,  as  well  as  all  the  Rest  of  Your  Fellow  Subjects  in  the  other 
Quarters  of  the  World,  that  the  Few  who  have  found  Means  to  acquire  a  Sway  in  the  Manage- 
ment of  your  AiTairs,  have  been  averse  to  every  uniting  System  of  Policy  and  studiously  shunned 
the  Paths  to  Harmony  and  Peace. 

But  it  is  not  my  aim  to  call  them  to  a  hopeless  and  mortifying  Review  of  their  Conduct.  Can  they 
want  Evidence  at  this  day,  of  the  Detestation  of  their  Measures,  by  an  increasing  Majority  of  their 
own  Countrymen  1  And  having  every  thing  to  fear  from  their  exhausted  Patience,  I  warn  them  to 
desist  from  any  future  Attempts  to  restrain  and  seduce  the  Loyalty  of  others,  and  wisely  to  provide 
against  their  Resentment,  by  signalizing  themselves  as  heretofore  in  exciting  so  now  in  closing,  tiie 
scene  of  their  intoUerable  Calamities.  And  I  hereby  give  the  strongest  Assurances  of  efifectual 
Countenance,  Protection  and  support  to  all  Persons  who  avail  themselves  of  the  Proclamation  issued 
by  his  Excellency  Sir  Henry  Clinton,  dated  at  James  Island  the  third  day  of  March. 

Less  inclined  to  reproach  than  to  conciliate,  to  aggravate  than  to  forget,  even  the  Guilt  of  those, 
who  privy  to  the  repeated  Calls  of  Great  Britain  to  Friendship  upon  Terms  adequate  to  the  Desire 
and  Expectation  of  their  Constituents,  yet  nevertheless  forbore  to  reveal  them,  that  they  might 
with  the  greater  Ease,  press  the  Antient  Enmity  of  foreign  Foes,  to  the  aid  of  their  own  Ambition 
and  Avarice,  I  exhort  them  to  seek  an  Early  Refuge  in  the  abundant  Clemency  of  the  Crown,  from 
the  Perils  to  which  they  have  exposed  themselves  by  Measures  fraudulently  concerted  and  tyrannically 
iuforced,  and  affording  by  the  complicated  Miseries  they  have  brought  upon  their  Country,  and 
the  mighty  Ruin  still  impending,  irresistable  Evidence  of  the  Folly  and  Malignancy  of  the  Councils 
by  which  its  Affairs  have  been  conducted. 

Towards  redressing  the  Disorders,  arising  from  the  Loss  or  want  of  Charters  I  recommend  it  to 
all  concerned,  to  apply  without  Delay  in  the  ordinary  Course  for  Charters,  which  shall  be  granted 
as  soon  as  Civil  Authority  takes  place. 

As  to  the  Public  Books  of  Records,  so  important  to  your  Titles  and  Estates  in  all  Parts  of  the 
Colony  and  formerly  lodged  in  the  Secretarie's  Office,  I  understand  that  they  were  separated  from 
the  Rest  by  the  provident  Circumspection  of  my  Predecessor,  whose  merits  are  above  my  Applause 
and  have  often  had  yours ;  and  having  been  afterwards  sent  Home  for  safe  Custody,  you  may  rely 
upon  their  being  carefully  preserved,  and  duly  returned  as  aof-    "s  the  Common  tranquilityis  restored. 

I  now  call  upon  every  Individual  in  the  Colony,  to  shew  llegiance.  Fidelity  and  Patriotism, 

by  affording  his  Assistance  towards  accomplishing  the  Kings  u.>st  gracious  Design  of  restoring  tlie 
Blessings  of  Peace  and  Good  Government :  And  they  who  shall  most  distinguish  themselves  by 
their  laudable  Efforts  for  these  good  Purposes  will  most  assuredly  best  recommend  themselves  to 
the  Royal  Approbation  and  Favour. 

Given  under  my  Hand  and  the  Great  Seal  of -the  Provlilce  of  Nrtv  York  ih  the  City  of  If ew 
York,  the  Fifteenth  Day  of  April  1780,  in  the  Twentieth  Year  of  his  Majesty's  Reign.' 

By  his  Excellency's  Command,  James  Robertson. 

Sam  Bayard  Jun'  D.  Sec'y.      ' 

C«i  MV«  tli»  Khig    '  *"  •'■  '-''■■■  ■'  *    --^'"    •  - 


Cv-^i 


\ 


CLCRGV   OF  THE  CITY  OP  NEW-YORK,  ETC. 


«57 


OLERGT  OF  YHE  OITT  OF  MEWTOKK  IN  1706. 

Prottitant  EpUeopal.  Rt.  Rot.  Samuii  Pkotooit,  Biahop>.BeTdi.  Bei\].  Moore,  D.D.,  Abraham  Beach,  D.D.,  John 
Bisset  and  Joseph  Pllmore,  Rector  of  Christ's  Ch. 

Reformed  Dutch.    Revds.  J.  H.  LiTingston,  D.D.  S.  T.P.,  Wm.  Linn.  D.D.,  Oerardtu  Arantz^ft.  Kaypen. 

Otrman  Calvinitt.    Rev.  John  O.  Gross,  D.D. 

United  Lutheran.    Rev.  John  0.  Kanie,  D.D. 

Preebyterian.    Revds.  John  Rodgers,  D.D.,  John  MoKnight,  D.D.,  Samnel  Miller. 

Scotch  do.    Rev.  John  Mason. 

Msoc.  Congregation,    Rev.  John  Crca. 

Methodiit.  Revds.  Daniel  Smith,  WlUlam  Pheobui,  Jacob  Brush,  Evan  Rogers,  Ezeklel  Cooper,  Laurence  McCombi, 
David  P.  Candell. 

St.  Peter';  Catholic.    Rev.  Charles  O'Brien 

United  Brethren.    Rev.  Joseph  O.  Peter. 

Baptiit.    Revds.  Bei\in.  Foster,  D.D.,  Adam  Hamilton. 

Independent.    Rev.  Mr.  Wall.  * 

Hebrew.    Rev.  Gershom  Seixaa. 


Whim  is  this  Imdiah  GauniAm  ard  DionoxAXvt— Father  Andrew  White,  an  English  Jesuit,  came  to  Maryland  as  a 
Missionary  to  the  Indians  in  1638.  Alegambe  in  his  work  (in  the  State  Lib:)  entitled,  Mortee  illuetru  et  getta  comm  de 
Soe.  Jetu,  p.  82,  states,  that  the  worthy  ikther  had  prepared  with  great  pains  a  Grammar,  Dictionary  and  Catechism  of 
the  tribe  among  whom  he  la.  red.  He  had  in  hands,  when  Alegambe  wrote,  Expeditionem  et  Hittoriam  ejut  gentit.  It 
were  well  if  enquiries  were  made  A>r  these  MSS.  by  the  Representatives  of  the  United  States  at  Rome  and  London. 


A  Reiio. — An  ancient  mouming-rlng  was  plowed  up  a  few  weeks  since  at  the  beautiflilly  situated  country-seat  formerly 
occupied  by  the  illustrious  Fulton,  near  Oak  Hitl,  Columbia  county,  N.  T.  It  is  of  gold,  very  thick  and  heavy,  and  on  its 
outer  circle  bears  an  inscription,  In  gold  letters  on  a  back  ground  as  follows: — "  piteb  scbtub,  ob.  i.  sip.  1764— ji.  SO  6." 
Whether  the  gentleman  whose  death  is  recorded  by  the  memento  was  the  father  or  the  brother  of  General  Schuyler,  a 
patriot  of  the  Revolution,  we  are  unable  to  say,  and  must  leave  to  be  determined  by  those  who  are  better  acquainted  with 
the  history  of  the  family.  In  a  book  of  genealogies,  we  perceive  that  the  Schuylers  intermarried  with  the  Van  Renaselaers 
and  Livingstons,  and  it  is  probable  that  they  were  also  related  to  the  Fulton  family.  It  is  upward  of  twenty-five  years  since 
the  latter  resided  at  the  above  mentioned  place,  and  we  are  Informed  by  a  friend  who  lately  visited  H,  that  the  once  elegant 
mansion  of  the  successful  projector  of  steam  navigation  is  now  rapidly  falling  into  decay.  The  only  part  inhabited  is  the 
basement,  while  the  spacious  dining-room  and  parlors,  where  distinguished  guests  were  wont  once  to  assemble,  are  now 
used  for  the  sole  purpose  of  storing  the  produce  of  the  fUrm.  As  an  Instance  of  the  mutations  of  time.  It  may  be 
mentioned  that  the  present  owner  was  Ibr  a  long  period  coachman  to  the  family.  After  the  death  of  Fulton,  he  commenced 
working  the  farm  on  shares,  and,  by  dint  of  Industry  and  economy,  was  eventua]Jy  enabled  to  purchase  the  whole  of  it.  He 
is  now  possessed  of  a  very  handsome  competency.— JV.  Y.  Com.  Mvert.  July,  Iwl. 


Vol.  IV. 


88 


xvm. 


1 1 


MEMORIAL 

CONCERNING   THE   IROQUO^, 


OR 


■  /        .-•Tl     .1.. 


■  .  '» 


w 


FIVE  CONFEDERATE  NATIONS  OF  INDIANS 


.i^: 


IN  THE 


PROVINCE   OF   NEW-YORK: 


.   ■.     '  ■■:,-..■■  IN  WHICH     .■  -  ,  '    .    .  ■  ,■.■.•'■•-.   ,,-     .' 

THXIB  PRESENT  STATE,  NTTMBEBS  AND  SITUATION  ARE  SET  FORTH  :  ARGUMENTS  WHY  OOTERNMENT  SHOULD 

niTBRPOSB  FOR  THEIR  CONVERSION  TO  OHRISTIANITT  AND  REDUCTION  TO  A  0IVIIJ6ED 

STATE   ARE   ADDUCED  ;   A  PLAN  FOR   THEIR  CONVERSION  IS   LAID 

DOWN  I    CIRCUMSTANCES    WHICH    PROMISE    SUCCESS    TO 

SUCH  AN  ATTEMPT  AT  THIS  TIME  ARE  POINTED 

OUT,  AND  SOME  OBJECTIONS  TO  THE  DE- 

SIQN  ARE  OBVIATED. 


■VMBIiT  ADORMHS 

TO  THE  RIGHT  HONORABLE  THE  EARL  OF  HILLSBOROUGH. 


By  Rev.  Charles  Inglis, 

Of  Triidty  ChoTob,  N.  T. 


•u. 


>l 


dA 


'  »■ 


J 


^  ' 


TO  THE  READER. 


In  the  ywr  1770,  the  Rer.  Chwlei  logUe,  then  MeiitMit  miniiter  of  Trinity  Ohurcb,  New-Tork,  paid  a  visit  to  Sir 
Wm.  Johnion.  Hia  interest  In  the  spiritual  and  moral  want*  of  the  Six  Nations  was,  it  would  seom,  then  awakened,  and 
the  result  was,  the  present  "  Memorial  concerning  the  Iroquois,"  which  having  been  "  copied  out  fitir  in  a  good  Hand,  and 
Id  a  quarto  siie,  and  having  a  Marble  cover,  with  Col.  Johnson's  accurate  and  neat  Map  prefixed,  made  a  handsome  looking 
Pamphlet,"  (Jntt,  291.)  and  was  sent  in  1771,  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  then  Secretary  of  State,  with  recommendations  firom 
Gov.  Tryon  and  Sir  Wm.  Johnson.  The  history  of  the  recovery  of  these  interesting  documents  is  a  matter  of  interest  in 
a  Utenry  point  of  view.  Aboot  three  yean  ago,  the  late  Mr.  Ridi,  of  London,  presented  a  colleotion  of  Maps  and  Charts  to 
the  NeW'Tork  State  Library.  Among  them  was  found  the  Guy  Johnson  Map,  in  MS.  Sometime  afterwards,  m  arranging 
Sir  William  Johnson's  MSS.  for  the  Library,  a  correspondence  was  discovered  between  him  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglls,  from 
which  it  appeared  that  this  Map  was  prepared  to  accompany  a  "  Memorial,"  drawn  up  by  the  latter  on  the  subject  of 
christianiiing  the  Five  Kations.  This  correspondence  is  included  in  section  XII  of  this  Volume.  In  the  hope  of  obtaining 
some  cine  to  this  paper,  the  Regents  of  the  UnWenity  caused  enquiry  to  be  made  on  the  sul^t  among  the  descendants  of 
Dr.  Inglls,  who,  it  wHl  be  recollected,  removed,  at  the  close  of  the  Revolution,  to  Kova  Scotia,  of  which  province  he  wu 
the  first  bishop.  This  enquiry  has  been  moat  sncccessnil,  and  to  the  Hon.  Mr.  Fairbanks,  member  of  the  Legislative 
Council  of  N.  S.,  is  the  State  indebted  for  the  present  copy  of  Dr.  Inglls'  Memorial.  There  are  few  instances  in  which  a 
MS.  hu  been  traced  throngh,  and  completed  firom  sach  various  sources.  Ed. 


.'i'/Ki*'^'<f^  ^'^'"1  "'■   V*!'*^    ■  ;., 


.Vt/-'^^-'^,'^*'S<*' 


/>v-X 


vV 


Eiii> 


^^-M 


Part 


of  Lai 


Erii 


;t.pi»dfr(>inli«utjf;iMi  Uai 


'^• 


J 


/*•«• 


^i^i# 


V  -  !?* 


le,  are 

liriDOa 

I  hare 

f  this 

tthout 

pbby 

1     . 

urage 

enced 

loring 

^wm 
llbeir 
iflmn 

BDce. 

once 
eand 
oeda 

pro- 
»this 
I 

^the 
»atti, 
I 

uced 

•hey, 
ribea 
f  the 
teing 
'  the 
reign 
hose 
er  to 
!hful 
^.  *.,  tuv  g*vaiv4  poll  ui  ineir  bravest 


aJ!  ,        „    

Warriors  perished.    Our  victories  were  often  purchased  at  the  expense  of  their  blood ;  for  they 
were  among  the  first  in  almost  every  danger. 


*li|p 


•■    ! 


£m: 


Pif    ttfltMt/tltV    ff     XfW    /*'/4 

(1.7  hftiiii  lli'xilt  Hilt  I'll ti 
I'l'  lllr  ii'UHin    ilill  Mriu)t 


k^'^npif*' 


11 


Jjm 


.!■» 


^" 


y 


y.-i? 


./i 


< -  ,    h     ]£ /If  ^be^Myjj  sheu:;:;:??^"""^''' 


fli\iii'M 


..h"' 


X';u*yiv«,,,/„  \ 


»a»f 


f/l/llH/lfl* 


Part 

or 

ionuertirut 


Kxi'l.ANATION 

A.  .Ill, fill  II  \' 1 1  III /If. I  ,X5; 

ft     .      .  .—  •         ''^ ' 

A.   ('Iiifj     'Icwiu   !•>■  Jii riff  ^illiiiffA 


J 


//ir  ftwf  wfiN'A  /.«■/■»/'  Vnst  t.fh'Mf  hf'ifh/  rA/f/'/y  rr*t//'ni/  Mf/tffrt/tyiffn/rt/ifs     T/ir  MvfiorAs  ttrr  nt^f  tmtUtmfih  y  - 

ti.vtJtry  rtst4/f  wifhu.    ////  /f//t  f^,v  t'/\V  i'/'f/f  tff  Nrt  //utiti  r^  (rNt(/t>4*t*Y  /atr/  t^f'tAr  <'n^f*/«i  frtf/t/ry  " ^^  t  fir 


'■nnacript  U'>}'  m  f>lu  u 


o       His      *ixcellency    xx.a 

LiAM  Tryon  Esq!-  \\ 

(i«iiei-al  k  Govcrnoi*  in  Chief  ll  \ 

Province  of  NEWY0RK&,&  j!^ 
This  Map  ^^ 

/,./ :P,ui..,  hV/  "^'^^'^^  Country  of  the  VI.  Nations  ^ 

riif.js ,i,..,.>fnu..,ir>.AF'''^^^^'f'^^'  '.>f''^'  ^^^^--"^  ^^'^«4!l 

'  /'   ,/^  humldh  imcribed  hj   hu>    Ixcellency  'd    v*^ 
///ra/  OStduttt  humble  Jervantn^ 


■J 


Jiiiliii II .1  in  iy(i')(  ij   if.i in/,,',/  I  If 
~^l»itn 


=r 


allies ;  especially  m  ine  laie  war,  iiiougn  in  ine  course  oi  ii,  lue  greaier  pan  ui  iiieir  uravesi 
Warriors  perished.  Our  victories  were  often  purchased  at  the  expense  of  their  blood ;  for  they 
were  among  the  first  in  almost  every  danger. 


ir 


' '      ;    r  ''        It 


In  the  yi 

Wm.  John* 
theramUtrt 
In  »  qnarto  | 
FunpMel," 
OoT.  Tryon 
kUtmtrjrp^ 
the  Ner.T< 
Sir  WUliun 
which  It  ap 
chrlitUniilq 
■ome  due  t4 
Dr.  IngtU,  1 
the  first  bl 
Oooncll  of  t 
MS.  hHba 


/      . 


•*'      ^ 


I  i!  i\     >        ill 


i 


A  a    r 


*<<^^-  Tt*fi   !-^"    ™.<t^'»^^,v■  ;'; 


t;'l' 


1 .1 1.  '     kii 


\i 


A  MEMORIAL  COMCEBNINO  THE  IROQUOIS,  flu. 
Mv  Luai), 

The  Iroqnoti,  or  Five  Conftderato  Nattont  of  Indians  diittngalihed  and  known  by  that  name,  are 
settled  on  the  fW>ntier  of  the  ProTinoe  of  N«w-Tork.  From  the  flnt  reduetion  of  thla  Provlne* 
by  the  British  arms,  they  entered  into  a  striet  alliance  with  the  English,  which  they  hare 
always  inviolably  observed.  History  perhaps  cannot  tUmlsh  an  Instance  where  a  treaty  of  this 
kind  has  been  more  fldthftdly  adhered  to.  It  subsisted  upwards  of  an  hundred  years  without 
any  material  breach  on  their  part,  if  we  will  only  except  such  as  were  drawn  over  to  the  French  by 
Popish  Miflsionaries,  and  who,  on  embracing  their  Religion,  adopted  their  Civil  Interests  also. 

Those  Nations,  ever  shice  their  union  in  a  League  of  Contederacy ,  were  greatly  superlour  in  couragt 
and  military  skill  to  the  other  Savages  of  North  America.  From  that  period,  which  commenced 
belure  we  hod  any  knowledge  of  this  Province,  they  have  been  (Id  terror  of  all  the  neighboring 
Tribes,  most  of  which  they  have  subdued  ;  some  they  have  entirely  extirpated.  The  spirit  ot  con- 
quest carried  them  far  beyond  the  limits  of  their  own  native  districts.  They  have  extended  their 
empire  over  a  tract  of  country  1200  miles  in  length,  lh>m  north  to  south,  and  600  in  breadth,  ttoax 
east  to  west. 

Their  alliance  with  the  English,  naturally  led  them  to  take  part  with  us  when  at  war  with  France. 
The  French  have  often  severely  felt  the  power  of  their  Arms.  The  Iroquois  have  more  than  once 
defeated  the  united  forces  of  the  French,  and  their  confederate  Indians ;  and  have  carried  fire  and 
sword  into  the  very  heart  of  their  settlements,  threatening  them  with  utter  ruin.  They  formed  a 
barrier  along  our  fh>ntiers  against  the  French  and  the  Savages  in  their  interest ;  and  by  this  pro- 
tection, and  the  lucrative  trade  we  carried  on  with  them,  they  greatly  contributed  to  raise  this 
Province  to  its  present  flourishing  state. 

The  Five  Confederate  Nations  are  the  Mohawks,  the  Oneidas,  the  Onondagas,  the  Cayugas  and  the 
Senekas.  To  these  may  be  added  the  Tuscaroras,  who  moved  some  years  ago  fh>m  the  south, 
were  taken  into  the  confederacy,  and  incorporated  with  the  Five  Nations. 

The  continual  wars  in  which  the  Iroquois  have  been  engaged,  have  considerably  reduced 
their  number  from  what  it  was  formerly.  This  is  particularly  the  case  of  tlie  Mohawks.  They, 
by  their  wisdom  in  Council  and  bravery  in  the  Field,  had  gained  an  ascendancy  over  the  other  Tribes 
which  they  preserve  to  this  day.  In  all  deliberations  which  relate  to  the  common  interest  of  the 
confederacy,  and  in  the  execution  of  every  enterprise,  the  Mohawks  generally  take  the  lead.  Being 
situated  the  most  easterly,  and  consequently  the  nearest  to  our  first  Settlements,  of  any  of  the 
Five  Nations  ;  the  Missionaries  sent  by  the  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts,  to  convert  the  Indians  of  this  Province,  resided  among  them.  The  labors  of  those 
Missionaries  were  attended  with  such  success,  that  in  time  the  whole  Nation  was  brought  over  to 
Christianity.  This  attached  the  Mohawks  more  firmly  to  us.  They  always  stood  forth  our  faithful 
allies ;  especially  in  the  late  war,  tliough  in  the  course  of  it,  the  greater  part  of  their  bravest 
Warriors  perished.  Our  victories  were  often  purchased  at  the  expense  of  their  blood ;  for  they 
were  among  the  first  in  almost  every  danger. 


869 


MEMORIAL   CONCBRKING    THE   IROQUOIS   OR 


The  Mohawks  have  three  villages— Schoare,  Fort  Hunter,  and  Can^ohare.  Tliese  are  all  within 
the  English  Settlements  ;  and  contain  420  souls.  Fort  Hunter,  the  central  village,  where  a 
Missionary  fi-om  tla  Society  now  resides,  is  distant  from  Albany  40  miles.*  The  Oneidas  are 
situated  eighty  miles  west  from  the  Mohawks,  somewhat  beyond  our  Settlements,  and  have  two 
villages  containing  600  souls.  Many  of  the  Oneidas  profess  Christianity  ;  being  instructed  partly 
by  French  Jesuits,  partly  by  a  Dissenting  Teacher,  lately  sent  among  them ;  but  chiefly  by  tlie 
Society's  Missionaries  to  the  Mohawks.  Next  to  the  Oneidas  are  the  Onondagas,  at  the  distance 
of  40  miles  westerly ;  their  number  is  800.  The  Cayugas,  amounting  to  1040,  are  40  miles 
southwest  of  the  Onondagas.  The  Senekas,  40  miles  northwest  of  the  Cayugas,  are  in  number 
4000,  dispersed  in  several  villages ;  and  the  Tuscaroras  amount  to  1000.  Very  few  of  the  foui- 
Tribes  last  mentioned  have  any  impressions  of  Christianity.  The  extensive  country,  inhabited  by 
all  these  Indians,  is  open,  healthy,  and  in  general  extremely  fertile.  It  is  watered  by  several 
rivers  navigable  for  battoes,  which  are  very  advantageous  to  commerce,  as  there  are  only  a  few 
miles  of  land  carriage  from  Albany  to  Oswego  on  Lake  Ontario.  These  Nations  are  able  to  bring 
2000  fighting  men,  at  least,  into  the  field. 

Such  a  multitude  of  people,  if  reduced  to  Order  and£)ivil  Lite,  and  attached  to  us  by  ties  of 
religion,  would  evidently  be  a  great  acquisition  to  the  Community.  To  effect  this  must  therefore  be 
the  wish  of  every  Friend  to  the  State  ;  and  I  flatter  myself  with  your  Lordsliip's  indulgence  whilst 
attempting  to  point  out  a  method  by  which  it  may  be  accomplished ;  especially  as  I  conceive  it  to 
be  a  duty  owing  to  His  Majesty  and  to  the  Public. 

Manners  are  the  result  of  Principles.  The  former  naturally  flow  fVom,  and  are  regulated  by,  the 
latter.  Hence  we  find  that  Barbarity  and  brutal  vices,  such  as  are  pernicious  to  mankind,  have 
always  been  the  portion  of  ignorant  nations ;  and  that  Virtue  and  tlie  polished  manners  of  Social 
Life,  have  distinguished  those  who  were  enlightened  with  knowledge.  In  order  to  Civilise  tlie 
Iroquois,  it  is  necessary  to  begin  with  instructing  them,  especially  in  the  principles  of  Religion. 
Christianity  is  well  adapted  to  this  purpose.  Whilst  it  has  a  more  immediate  and  important  end  in 
view,  which  equally  concerns  all ;  it  insensibly  forms  moral  habits,  corrects  irregularities,  and 
disposes  the  mind  to  submit  to  the  restraints  of  Government  and  Laws  ;  without  giving  any  alarm 
to  the  Savages,  who  are  extremely  jealous  of  their  liberty,  and  wedded  to  their  present  mode 
of  life. 

I  shall  not  consider  this  subject  in  a  religious  view,  nor  adduce  theological  arguments  for  under- 
taking the  Conversion  of  the  Savages.  I  shall  confine  myself  to  such  as  are  merely  political ;  and 
only  mention  their  conversion  as  being  subservient  to  the  purpose  of  Civilisiijg  them,  and  riveting 
them  more  firmly  to  our  interest.  It  may  not,  however,  be  improper  to  observe  here,  that  if  we 
believe  tliere  is  a  God,  and  a  future  state  of  rewards  and  punishments,  if  our  future  happiness  or 
misery  depends  on  our  conduct  here,  if  Christianity  gives  the  justest  notions  of  the  Deity,  teaches 
that  worship  which  is  most  worthy  of  Him,  as  well  as  the  purest  morals,  and  promotes  the 
happiness  of  States  and  Individuals — if,  I  say,  we  believe  all  this  ;  certainly  Humanity  should  induce 
us  to  difiuse  the  light  of  Christianity  among  those  poor  Savages  who  have  been  so  faithful  and 
serviceable  to  us. 

Tlie  Convei'sion  of  the  Iroquois  is  evidently  one  of  the  first  steps  that  should  be  taken  to  attach 
them  firmly  to  our  interest,  and  Civilise  them.  Some  progress  has  been  already  made  in  this  by 
tlie  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts  ;  and  tliey  still  support  a  Missionary 

*  Tb«  city  of  Albany  lies  on  Hudson's  River,  almost  due  north  fVom  the  city  or  New-York,  and  about  160  miles  distant 
IVom  it. 


FIVE   CONFEDERATE   NATIONS  OF   INDIAN!. 


668 


and  two  schoolmasters  among  the  Mohawks.  But  however  willing  to  engage  further  in  this 
laudable  design,  the  Society  are  precluded  from  it  by  the  low  state  of  their  funds.  The  expense 
attending  it  is  greater  than  they  are  able  to  bear.  A  plan  more  enlarged,  and  measures  more 
rigorous  than  their  circumstances  can  possibly  admit,  must  be  pursued,  before  such  a  change  can 
take  place  among  the  Iroquois  as  would  be  beneficial  to  tlie  State  in  so  high  a  degree,  and  so 
extensively,  as  were  to  be  wished,  and  might  reasonably  be  expected.  The  only  Resource  to  which 
application  can  be  made  in  this  case  is  the  government ;  and  indeed  good  policy  requires  that 
the  Grown  should  be  principally  concerned  in  this  business.  The  following  reasons  and  argu- 
mei.i.s  are  therefore  humbly  offered  to  shew  why  government  should  interpose  in  this  matter,  and 
attempt  the  Conversion  of  the  Iroquois- 

The  conversion  of  these  Indians  will  entirely  secure  their  friendship.  This  has  been  incon- 
testibly  proved  by  th/e  conduct  of  the  Mohawks.  These  were  brought  over  to  Christianity  by  the 
Society's  Missionaries ;  and  accordingly  they  have  always  proved  faithful  allies  to  us  ;  particularly 
in  the  late  war,  during  which  they  were  as  active  in  our  cause  as  any  of  the  King's  subjects. 
They  are  the  only  Indians  of  whom  this  can  strictly  be  said ;  as  tliey  are  the  only  Indians  who  were 
converted  by  us.  For  although  the  other  tribes  of  the  Iroquois  were  in  alliance  with  us ;  yet, 
through  the  practices  of  French  priests,  and  other  Emissaries,  this  only  restrained  them  from  doing 
us  mischief.  In  general  they  afforded  but  little  assistance  in  acting  offensively  against  enemies.  I 
say  in  general ;  for  several  men  from  each  of  the  tribes  joined  us,  and  fought  for  us. 

The  friendship  of  the  Iroquois  should  be  gained  and  settled  on  the  firmest  basis,  as  it  will  be 
of  the  utmost  consequence  to  us  in  case  of  any  future  attempt  by  the  French  on  Canada,  or  any 
of  the  other  adjoining  provinces.  Those  Indians  who  have  been  christianised  by  the  French,  are  as 
much  attached  to  them,~as  our  converts  are  to  us.  This  is  true  even  of  such  of  the  Iroquois  as 
have  been  converted  to  Popery  by  French  Priests.  In  the  last  century,  before  we  made  any 
attempts  to  instruct  the  Iroquois  in  the  principles  of  Christianity,  a  number  of  the  Mohawks 
were  brought  over  to  Popery,  and  the  French  interest  by  some  Jesuits  from  Canada,  the  conse- 
quence of  which  was,  that  they  separated  from  their  brethren,  removed  into  Canada,  became  firm 
friends  to  the  French  and  zealous  professors  of  Popery,  as  their  descendants  are  at  this  day. 
These  are  now  known  by  the  name  of  Cochnawaga  Indians.  It  should  be  further  observed,  that 
there  are  now  many  French  Missionaries  among  the  Indians — perhaps  as  many  as  ever,  and  their 
success,  already  great,  will  increase  still  in  proportion  to  our  neglect.  They  are  very  careful  to 
preserve  their  influence  over  the  Indians,  by  keeping  their  converts  steady  in  the  faith  they  were 
taught,  and  gaining  new.  proselytes.  They  are  busy  in  sowing  the  seeds  of  discontent  among  the 
Savages,  which  they  will  continue  to  do  as  long  as  they  have  an  intercourse  with  any  part  of  the 
Continent,  notwithstanding  our  utmost  vigilance  to  prevent  it.  The  residence  of  a  Popish  Bishop 
in  Canada  wiU  greatly  favour  those  proceedings.  Animated  by  his  presence,  and  united  by  his 
authority  and  direction,  the  Missionaries  will  exert  themselves  with  vigor,  and  having  the  power  of 
ordination,  the  Bishop  can  increase  the  number  of  those  Missionaries  as  occasion  may  require! 
It  must  be  evident  at  first  view,  that  if  the  Indians  are  thus  entirely  left  in  the  hands  of  Popish 
Clergymen,  the  greatest  inconveniences  may  in  time  arise  from  it.  Even  the  Iroquois  will 
probably  be  added  to  their  converts ;  and  no  circumstance  can  be  conceived  more  inviting  or 
favorable  to  any  hostile  attempt  in  those  parts  by  the  French,  than  having  so  many  thousands  of 
Savages,  all  trained  up  to  arms  and  devoted  to  their  interests,  prepared  to  join  them.  It  is  necessary, 
therefore,  that  we  should  prevent  as  far  as  we  can  those  ill  consequences,  which  may  be  justly 
apprehended,  by  endeavoring  to  christianise  the  Iroquois,  and  bind  them  to  us  by  the  ties  of 
Religion.    They  will  hereby  greatly  help  to  defeat  any  design  that  may  hereafter  be  formed  by  the 


m 


V 


it'; 


664 


MEMOKIAI.   CONCERNING    THE   IROQUOIS    OR 


French  against  Canada,  or  our  other  Provinces.  They  will  also  serve  as  a  counterpoise  to  the 
numerous  tribes  of  Indians  the  French  have  already  converted,  and  by  that  means  fixed  in  their 
interests — ready  to  take  arms  for  them  when  an  occasion  may  offer. 

These  reflections  will  receive  additional  weight  by  considering  that  the  Iroquois  themselves  liave 
often  requested  Missionaries  might  be  sent  to  them,  and  are  much  dissatisfied  at  being  neglected 
in  matters  of  Religion  by  the  government.  They  frequently  express  their  dissatisfaction  and 
uneasiness  on  this  head.  They  are  surprised  that  when  the  present  government  supports  two 
Popish  Missionaries  among  Indians  who  are  of  another  Religion,  and  fought  against  us  during 
the  last  war ;  they  who  were  our  friends,  who  shed  their  blood  in  our  cause,  and  profiess  the  same 
Religion,  should  be  passed  over  and  quite  neglected.  Their  surprise  is  not  at  aU  abated  by 
reflecting,  as  they  often  do,  that  the  clamorous  demwds  (^  those  Popish  Indians,  accompanied 
with  menaces,  proved  successful  in  obtaining  Missionaries ;  whilst  their  mild  and  equitable  requests 
to  the  same  purpose  have  been  always  rejected.  They  proceed  further  to  make  a  comparison 
between  our  conduct  and  that  of  the  French  in  this  respect ;  which  is  always  to  the  advantage  of  the 
latter,  who  constantly  paid  the  closest  attention  to  the  conversion  of  the  Indians.  These  things 
they  have  sagacity  enough  to  observe.  Even  those  who  care  little  about  Religion  will  mention 
them  with  warmth  ;  considering  all  this  as  the  effect  of  disregard  to  them  ;  and  our  neglect  of  them 
besides  in  these  inatters,  gives  them  a  mean  opinion  of  our  principles  and  wisdom.  It  were  need- 
less to  say  that  this  disposition  will  afford  great  advantages  to  the  French  priests,  and  procure 
them  a  more  favorable  reception,  which  they  will  not  fail  to  improve.  Under  these  circumstances 
the  affection  of  the  Indians  will  be  alienated  from  us  more  and  more ;  to  which  the  pomp  and  cere- 
monies of  the  Romish  religion,  with  which  the  Savages  are  much  captivated,  will  not  a  little 
contribute.  The  only  metliod  that  is  left  to  counteract  this  and  prevent  the  Itad  consequences  tliat 
must  evidently  attend  it,  is  to  send  Protestant  Missionaries  among  the  Iroquois.  Establishments 
of  this  kind,  if  properly  supported,  will  be  a  counterpoise  to  the  advantages  those  Popish  Missionai-ies 
possess,  and  to  the  assiduity  of  their  endeavors.  Hereby  those  Savages  who  are  yet  in  the  bosom 
of  heatlienism,  may  he  brought  to  the  knowledge  of  Christianity,  and  preserved  from  their  influence ; 
those  more  perfectly  instructed,  who  have  received  some  impressions  of  religion,  and  tlie  false 
prejudices  they  have  embibed  from  Romish  priests  entirely  removed. 

These  advantages  already  mentioned  resulting  from  the  conversion  of  th«  Iroquois  are  very 
great.  It  would  be  making  faithful  allies  or  subjects  of  those  who  otherwise  might  prove  dan- 
gerous enemies,  which  is  a  matter  of  real  importance.  But  besides  this,  there  are  many  otlier 
benefits  which  would  arise  from  it.  Our  frontier  settlements  are  extended  to  a  great  length ; 
they  are  defenceless,  and  open  to  the  incursions  of  an  enemy.  Christianising  those  Indians  would 
not  only  secure  a  lasting  peace  with  them  ;  but  they  would  by  tliis  means  form  a  barrier  to  our 
frontiers  against  any  Indians  that  are  more  remote,  and  might  be  at  war  with  us.  The  security  of 
our  frontiers  would  contribute  to  the  quick  population  of  tliis  Province ;  and  among  several 
advantages  of  which  tliis  would  be  productive,  the  following  is  one — ^that  as  the  lands  are  held 
of  the  crown,  and  pay  quit  rents,  this  branch  of  his  majesty's  revenue  would  be  proportionably 
increased.  Our  commerce  with  the  Indians  would  also  gain  by  their  conversion.  For  altliougii  it 
has  been  alledged  by  some  who  knew  little  of  Indian  affairs,  or  thought  superficially  on  the  subject, 
that  were  the  Indians  converted  to  Christianity,  and  civilized,  it  would  injure  our  trade  witli  them  ; 
yet  the  reverse  of  tliis  is  evidently  true.  Indolence,  idleness,  and  intemperance  are  inseparable 
concomitants  of  a  savage  life.  A  Savage  life  also  obstructs  population.  A  civilised  state,  on  tlie 
contrary,  naturally  promotes  industry,  and  the  increase  of  mankind.  Of  course,  our  trade  with 
the  Indians  would  be  benefited  in  proportion  as  they  became  more  numerous  and  industrious 


nvE  ooirmsnATE  HATiom  or  indiamb. 


865 


— the  consequence  of  their  being  civilised,  and  brought  over  to  Cliristlanity.  This  reasoning 
is  obvious  and  just,  and  supported  by  experience,  wliicli  is  our  surest  guide  in  such  matters.  Tlie 
Mohawks,  to  mention  no  otiier  instance,  are  in  some  measure  Civilised.  They  cultivate  land  ;  several 
of  tiiem  liave  learned  trades  ;  all  liave  fixed  habitations  ;  they  have  also  cattle  of  various  kinds, 
many  of  the  conveniences  of  polished  life ;  are  professors  of  Christianity,  and  as  regular  and 
virtuous  in  their  conduct  as  the  generality  of  white  people.  Yet  the  Moliawks  are  still  alert  iu 
hunting,  like  tlie  other  tribes,  but  surpass  them  lar  in  point  of  industry  in  other  respects  ;  and  have 
increased  raueli  more  in  proportion  to  their  number,  since  the  late  war.  It  is  by  no  means  neces- 
sary that  the  Indians  should  continue  savages  in  order  to  follow  hunting,  by  which  their  trade 
with  us  is  CHrried  on  :  That  employment  is  consistent  with  the  duties  and  manners  of  civilised  lite. 
Many  of  tlie  English  apply  themselves  to  himting  as  well  as  the  Indians.  Superior  affluence  only 
is  wliat  will  call  them  from  this,  as  from  otlier  branches  of  laborious  business.  And  it  cannot 
admit  of  any  doubt,  tliat  an  equal  number  of  people  wlio  are  civilised,  and  thereby  made 
industrious,  will  be  more  serviceable  to  Commerce,  and  to  the  State  in  general;  than  so  many  Savages, 
whose  wants  are  few,  and  who  are  indolent  to  the  last  degree. 

I  sliall  not  enlarge  on  so  plain  a  case  ;  but  observe,  tliat  besides  those  general  reasons  and  motives 
which  induced  tlie  several  European  states  that  made  settlements  in  America,  to  convert  the 
natives,  and  iu  doing  which  they  found  their  account ;  there  are  many  others  peculiar  to  our 
situation  wliich  conclude  more  strongly  for  our  engaging  in  the  like  attempt.  Indeed  the  Englisli, 
as  well  the  other  Christian  Powers,  had  this  object  in  view  from  the  first  establishment  of  Biittish 
colonies  in  America.  This  appears  from  the  Charters  given  to  the  dififerent  Provinces;  in  which  the 
conversion  of  tlie  Savage  Natives  is  expressly  mentioned  as  one  principal  motive  for  grunting  them. 
So  that  the  interposition  of  Government  iu  the  present  case,  is  no  more  than  acting  conformably  to 
the  avowed  design  of  the  Crown,  in  an  instance  wliere  particular  circumstances  made  it  highly 
expedient. 

Perhaps  it  may  be  thought,  thai  as  we  are  now  masters  of  Canada,  and  the  Indians  dependent 
on  us  for  Ammunition,  Arms  and  Clotliing,  there  is  little  danger  to  be  apprehended  from  them,  and 
that  this  should  remove  any  anxiety  for  their  Conversion  or  reduction  to  a  civilised  State. 

I  answer,  that  this  opinion  seems  to  be  ill-founded  from  what  has  been  said  already ;  and  the 
Inference  made  from  it,  is  repugnant  to  tlie  plain  dictates  of  liumanity  and  good  policy.  For 
surely  we  should  not  leave  those  Savages  a  Prey  to  Intemperance  and  the  other  miseries  of  their 
present  state  ;  when  it  is  in  our  power  to  alter  their  condition  so  much  for  the  Isetter.  Especijilly  if 
it  be  considered  that  we  have  been  instrumental  in  multiplying  their  miseries  by  teaching  theiu 
Vices  they  knew  not  before ;  and  that  tlie  near  approach  of  the  English  Sutlleis  administers  to  those 
Vices,  by  supplying  more  readily  what  will  surely  instigate  the  Indians  to  the  perpetration  of 
them.  Justice  at  least  demands  that  we  should  apply  an  antidote  against  tlie  Evils  we  have 
brought  upon  them,  nor  can  this  be  done  otherwise  than  by  inculcating  Principles  which  will 
restrain  those  Enormities. 

But  were  even  the  voice  of  Humanity  silent,  a  regard  for  our  own  safety  and  interest  remonstrates 
against  the  position  I  am  considering.  The  Iroquois  are  a  bold,  fierce,  enterprising  People,  and 
much  addicted  to  War.  If  this  military  spirit  does  not  find  employment  against  a  common  enemy, 
or  is  not  diverted  into  some  other  Channel,  and  softened  by  Culture,  it  will  occasion  much  trouble, 
and  be  directed  against  ourselves.  We  have  already  experienced  this  since  the  conclusion  of  the 
late  French  war.  There  have  been  several  commotions  among  the  Savages  since  that  time,  which  I 
shall  pass  over,  and  only  mention  one  that  was  very  alarming.  In  the  year  17C3,  several  Tribes  of 
the  western  Indians,  instigated  by  Jealousy  at  our  Conquest  of  Canada,  and  our  near  approach 
Vqi.  XT.    r 


84 


•99 


MnioMAL  ooKcuuinio  ma  inoaooit  <n 


to  them,  took  np  the  Hatchet  against  ua.  They  were  headed  by  Ponduc,  a  noted  Chief,  And 
Joined  by  several  of  the  Senelias.  In  a  few  months  they  cut  off  no  less  than  eight  of  our  ontposts, 
and  totally  defeated  several  detachments  of  His  Majesty's  Troops  that  were  sent  aijainst  them.  They 
also  depopnlated  our  frontiers  to  a  great  extent  and  ruined  the  Indian  trade  in  many  places.  It 
was  witli  great  difficulty  and  expense,  after  much  time  and  the  loss  of  many  lives,  that  this 
Insurrection  was  quelled.  To  these  Insurrections  we  shall  be  continually  exposed,  whilst  the 
Indians  are  unprincipled  and  unsettled  as  at  present.  They  will  be  ever  turbulent,  ready  to  kindle 
tlie  Flames  of  War  on  the  slightest  neglect  or  provocation  ;  and  the  inconveniences  arising  from  such 
Insurrections  are  too  glaring  to  require  a  particular  delineation.  Besides  the  injury  to  Trade,  the 
obstruction  to  Population,  which  they  must  occasion,  and  the  lives  that  will  be  lost  before  they  can 
be  suppressed ;  mie  of  those  Insurrections  may  put  the  Crown  to  greater  expense  than  wonld  be 
sufficient  to  support  for  several  years  the  measures  proposed  to  convert  and  civilise  the  Indians ;  by 
which  they  would  forever  become  peaceable  Subjects,  and  useful  Members  of  society.  Let  me  add 
that  the  Indians,  who  are  very  numerous,  will  always  have  it  in  their  power  to  distress  our  Trade 
and  Frontiers  much  ;  nor  will  they  be  at  a  loss  for  means  to  enable  them  to  carry  on  those  hostili- 
ties. Besides  the  resources  they  can  have  for  Ammunition,  Arms  and  Clothing  from  the  Spaniards 
by  way  of  the  Mississipi,  or  secretly  from  the  French  of  Canada ;  there  are  many  in  our  Colonies, 
who,  for  love  of  lucre,  wonld  supply  them  with  whatever  they  wanted.  This  has  been  already  done, 
when  the  Brittish  Empire  in  America  was  in  the  greatest  danger,  and  several  of  Its  Provinces 
reeking  Avith  the  blood  of  their  inhabitants.  The  utmost  vigilance  of  Government  cannot  put  a  stop 
to  this ;  and  there  is  no  reason  to  imagine  our  Virtue  and  public  spirit  are  increased,  or  will 
increase,  so  far  as  to  prevent  it  entirely.  I  may  venture  to  affirm  that  it  is  more  necessary  novt 
thaii  ever  to  cultivate  a  friendship  with  the  Iroquois,  and  secure  their  fidelity.  The  success 
of  our  arms  against  Canada  has  raised  the  jealousy  of  almost  all  the  Indians.  They  are  apprehensive 
that  their  liberties  are  now  in  great  danger,  as  the  English,  (of  whom  the  western  tribes  Imevt 
little  before,  and  whom  the  French  taught  them  to  despise,)  have  gained  such  an  ascendancy  in 
North  America.  They  observe  our  progress  with  a  Jealous  eye,  and  will  seize  every  opportunity 
of  combining  to  oppose  and  distress  us.  Against  such  combinations  the  Iroquois  would  be  a 
sufficient  Iwrrier  and  security,  were  they  by  proper  care  fixed  in  our  interest. 

To  these  Considerations  others  of  great  weight,  and  to  the  same  purpose  might  be  added 
respecting  the  French,  in  case  of  any  design  on  Canada.  I  shall  not  repeat  what  has  been  already 
said  on  this  head,  but  content  myself  with  observing,  that  all  human  affairs  are  very  fluctuating 
and  subject  to  great  Revolutions.  Our  possession  of  Canada  is  a  proof  of  it.  The  time  may  come 
when  things  will  take  a  different  turn,  and  the  friendship  of  the  Indians  be  of  great  consequence 
to  us.  No  person  can  reasonably  doubt,  however  peaceable  and  satisfied  the  Roman  Catliolic 
subjects  in  tliat  Province  may  appear  at  present ;  that  they  still  retain  a  strong  affection  tor  their 
Ibrmer  Government,  and  for  their  countrymen,  whose  Religion,  Manners,  and  Language  are  tlic  same 
witli  tlieir  own.  Tlieir  Indian  converts  are  still  fixed  in  their  interests,  and  daily  increiising. 
The  encroachments  of  the-  French  on  the  Iroquois,  by  which  a  spirit  of  animosity  was  formerly 
kept  alive  between  them,  and  the  latter  were  inclined  to  us,  are  now  at  an  end.  Their 
animosity  will  naturally  cease  with  its  cause ;  and  this  again  will  pave  the  way  for  proselyting  tlie 
Iroquois  to  the  Romish  faith,  by  wliich  their  affections  Will  be  withdrawn  from  us.  Now  can  any 
circumstance  be  more  alluring  than  these  to  put  the  French  on  regaining  what  was  torn  from  tliem 
by  the  cliance  of  War ;  or  promise  more  success  to  such  an  attempt  1  If  tliat  enterprizing  Nation,  in 
order  to  perplex  us,  and  divert  our  arms,  could  send  a  Pretender  on  so  hopeless  an  errand  as  the 
«»nque«t  of  Britulu ;  c&o  we  imagine  they  will  not  avail  themMlvea  of  luih  adva&t^ei  to  beoomi 


VITB  CNnrBMftAf B  MATIom  «r  INinAM. 


Wl 


masters  of  their  ancient  Possessions  1  These  matters  surely  call  for  serious  attention.  Prudence 
sl-.oiild  lead  us  to  guaiti  against  future  oontingences  as  fiir  as  possible,  and  caution  us  aguinst  being 
lulled  into  security,  when  danger  is  to  be  Justly  apprehended.  It  should  direct  us  to  deprive  the 
French  of  those  advantages  wlUoh  in  all  probability  they  will  employ  against  us  ;  and  improve  such 
as  we  have  to  tlie  utmost  of  our  power.  Our  neglect  of  the  Indians  will  throw  their  whole 
weight  into  the  opposite  scale,  and  encourage  the  French  to  prosecute  any  schemes  they  may  form 
against  Canada.  Whereas  by  proper  endeavors  to  convert  and  civilise  the  Indians,  their  fidelity  to 
us  niiglit  be  inuaoveaUy  fixed.  They  would  greatly  help  to  secure  us  against  any  foreign 
Invasions,  and  in  other  respects  prove  beneficial  to  the  Community.  It  is  in  truth  a  matter  in  which 
the  Peace,  Safety  and  Welfare  of  those  Northern  Colonies  are  much  concerned ;  and  it  is  hoped  tlie 
wisdom  of  government  will  attend  to  it  accordingly.  "    n       »   <     <'.  w  rf     /  • 

To  ensure  success  in  the  execution  of  any  design,  much  depends  on  pursidng  proper  measures. 
If  tlieseareiii-conoertedjor  not  adapted  to  the  end  in  view,  a  lailure  of  the  whole  will  probably 
ibllow.  In  attempting  to  convert  and  civilise  Savages,  great  attention  should  l>e  paid  to  their 
Situation,  Prejudices,  Temper,  Disposition,  and  other  circuuistances.  Tliese  should  be  minutely 
considered ;  and  made  as  subservient  as  possible  to  the  general  design.  Sliould  Government, 
influenced  by  the  above  motives,  tliink  fit  to  engage  in  this  Undertaking  with  respect  to  the 
Iroquois,  tlie  following  Plan  is  humbly  proposed ;  in  which  I  shall  keep  within  the  strict  Bounds  of 
what  is  praoticaUe,  and  promises  success  on  the  one  hand ;  and  avoid  any  unnecessary  expense,  as 
well  as  wlwt  would  tend  to  give  Umbrage  to  the  Indians,  on  the  other.  For  sake  of  Order  and 
Perspicuity,  I  sliall  range  under  distinct  lieads  the  several  parts  of  this  Plan,  in  wlUch  I  would 
propose— 

I.  That  two  Missionaries,  men  of  good  character,  abilities,  and  prudence,  and  in  the  orders  of 
the  established  Church  of  England,  be  sent  to  the  Iroquois,  one  to  reside  at  Conajohare,  the  other 
at  the  old  Oneida  Town.  Most  of  tlie  Indians  at  botli  these  villages  have  been  baptised,  imd  even 
proless  Ciuristianity ;  all  are  willing  to  be  further  instructed.  Each  of  these  Missionaries  i<houId 
have  a  Salary  of  XI 50  sterl.  a  year  at  least ;  to  enable  them  to  shew  some  marks  of  favor  to  the 
more  deservingr  Indians,  by  making  small  Presents  to  tliem  from  time  to  time.  This  will  be 
expected  fixim  them,  and  if  judiciously  managed,  will  have  a  good  effect  in  conciliating  the 
affections  of  the  Indians.  If  these  Missionaries  had  some  knowledge  of  Physic,  so  as  to  be  able  to 
assist  the  Indians  in  sickness,  it  would  also  increase  their  influence,  and  make  their  Spiritual 
Labors  more  successtul. 

II.  Tliat  a  Schoolmaster  be  fixed  at  each  of  those  villi^es,  viz  :  Conajohare,  and  the  old  Oneida 
Town  ;  another  at  Onondaga  ;  one  at  the  principal  village  of  the  Cayugas,  and  two  among  tlie  Senekas. 
Tiiese  Schoolmasters,  for  whom  admission  and  protection  may  be  easily  procured,  should  be 
prudent,  and  virtuous  young  men,  and  such  as  have  had  a  liberal  education.  Their  business  will 
be  to  teach  the  Indians  to  read  and  write.  They  ought  also  to  apply  themselves  diligently  to 
learu  tlie  Indian  Language  ;  by  which  they  will  Le  better  qualified  to  act  as  Missionaries  afterwards, 
should  their  behaviour  and  merit  entitle  them  to  that  office.  Schools,  if  properly  conducted,  will 
be  of  infinite  service.  The  Indians  are  all  willing  that  their  Children  should  be  taught  to  read 
uiid  write ;  and  Youth  is  the  properest  season  to  instill  principles  of  Morality  and  Beligion,  which 
the  Schoolmasters  will  have  constant  opportunities  of  doing.  Of  these  they  ought  to  avail  them- 
selves ;  and  gradually  unfold  the  Principles  of  tlie  Christian  Systems  to  their  pupils.  Each  of  those 
Sclioolinasters  ought  to  have  a  salary  of  £40  Sterl.  a  year,  which  might  be  increased  according  to 
their  mdustry  and  success.    They  also,  as  well  as  the  Missionaries,  should  he  furnished  wltli 

..     ^  ■:.  ,;;  iv  ..1.  li*.i\'  . ■.,..:....•,  .  .  -  '      ..;...•• 


ft 


9M 


MEMOmiAL  CONRBRMIRO  THE  IXOQDOlg  01 


Prayer-hooks,  and  such  other  Tracts  in  the  Indian  language  as  can  he  procured ;  which  will  be 
necessary  to  teach  the  Indians  to  read,  and  instruct  tliem  in  the  principles  of  Religion. 

III.  That  Smitlis  he  placed  at  some  of  the  most  convenient  Indian  Villages.  Tlicse  would  be 
of  great  service  to  tlie  Indians,  and  therefore  very  acceptable  ;  and  proliably  some  of  tlie  Indians,  fi-oni 
a  sense  of  tlieir  utility  might  be  induced  to  learn  their  Trade.  Tlieir  Wives  migiit  also  be  engaged 
to  teach  such  of  the  Indian  women  as  are  willing  to  learn  Spinning,  Sewing  and  otiier  Branches  of 
female  Industry.  The  Government  formerly  allowed  Smiths  at  several  of  the  Indian  Villages,  with 
a  competent  salary.  Tliese  Mechanics  would  now  be  of  much  service  in  promoting  the  general 
design,  and  might  be  had  at  a  trifling  expense.  The  Spaniards  have  employed  mechanics,  and  do 
still,  fur  the  same  purpose  to  great  advantage. 

IV.  Tliat  tlie  Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  employed  in  this  Sclteme  be  appointed,  or  at  least 
approveil,  by  tlie  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel  In  Foreign  Parts.  The  Snperinten- 
dency  of  those  matters  naturally  belongs  to  that  Venerable  Body,  not  only  by  reason  that  they 
coincide  with  the  design  of  tlieir  Incorporation,  and  with  their  connections  on  this  Continent,  but 
also  because  the  Society  have  witli  great  fidelity  discharged  the  important  trust  reposed  in  them, 
and  have  already  done  mucli  towards  Converting  and  Civilising  tlie  Iroquois.  It  is  therefore 
pro^wsed  tiiat  they  have  the  Care  and  Direction  of  tlie  Missions  specified  in  this  Plan ;  that  the 
Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  sliall  regularly  transmit  to  them  accounts  of  their  respective  chaises 
from  time  to  time,  in  the  same  manner  as  those  Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  in  the  Society's 
service  do  at  present ;  to  be  annually  laid  before  the  Public,  with  their  other  Transactions.  That 
the  Missionaries,  Schoolmasters  and  Mechanics,  however,  be  under  the  immediate  inspection  of 
His  Majesty's  Superintendant  of  Indian  Affairs  fur  tlie  time  being.  His  Station  and  Authority  among 
the  Indians  will  enable  him  to  promote  tlie  execution  of  this  Scheme.  He  will  be  tlie  properest 
Person  to  direct  the  several  Measures  that  shall  be  necessary  on  any  new  emergencies  ;  and  tlirough 
him,  in  conjunction  witli  the  Society,  applications  to  Grovernment  should  be  made,  in  matters  relative 
to  those  Missions.  It  will  be  proper  that  the  Superintendant  of  Indian  Affairs  should  be  thus  con- 
cerned in  the  Management  of  those  Matters,  because  it  will  be  of  Utility  to  the  general  Design  ;  and 
also  that  he  may  see  that  such  steps  be  taken  as  are  consistent  with  the  Interests  of  Trade,  and  the 
Views  of  Government  respecting  the  Indians. 

V.  Tliat  a  set  of  Rules  and  Instructions  be  prepared  by  the  Society  for  the  Regulation  of  the 
Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  in  tlie  Discharge  of  their  Respective  Duties,  which  Rules  and 
Instructions  liowever  sliali,  for  tlie  reasons  already  mentioned,  be  inspected  and  approved  by  His 
Majesty's  Superintendant  of  Indian  Ail'airs,  previous  to  their  Establishment.  In  drawing  up  these 
Instructions,  particular  Care  should  be  taken  to  caution  the  Missionaries  and  Schoolmasters  to  be 
prudent  in  their  Conduct,  and  to  avoid  whatever  might  give  oilence  to  the  Indians,  or  awaken 
their  Jealousy.  Diligence  In  tlieir  Station,  Sobriety,  Gentleness,  Condescension,  and  a  disinter- 
ested Reganl  (o  the  Welfare  of  tlie  Indians,  should  be  recommended,  and  that  they  sedulously 
inculcate  Principles  of  Loyalty  among  tlieir  Hearers,  Converts  and  Pupils. 

VI.  Tlie  last  Article  I  sliall  mention  as  necessary  to  compleat  this  Plan,  and  make  it  more  exten- 
sively useful,  is  the  erecting  a  College  or  Seminary  in  the  old  Oneida  Town,  where  the  Young  Indians 
who  are  distinguishetl  for  their  Genius,  may  repair  for  a  more  enlarged  Education,  and  be  fitted  for 
the  Ministry.  Very  few  of  the  Indians  can  be  prevailed  on  to  let  their  Children  go  any  great 
Distance  for  Instrnction,  and  when  they  are  persuaded  to  It,  the  Children  always  go  with  Reluctance. 
They  are  continually  anxious  to  return  to  their  Parents  and  Brethren,  which  is  an  Obstruction  to 
their  literary  Progress ;  and  when  they  return  to  tlieir  own  People  they  generally  run  into  the 
gftatCT  ExtesMs  tbr  their  former  Restraint!.    It  Is  therefiHt«  a  mistaken  Niotion  that  Semiuaries  at  a 


riVE  eORrKDCKATK  NATtOMS   OF   IITDUMS. 


999 


Dtsfnnce  from  the  Indians  and  only  among  Christians,  are  fittest  for  the  Education  of  Indian  Youths. 
Besides  the  Difficulty  of  bringing  them  to  such  Seminaries,  nnd  the  small  Degree  of  Improvement 
tliey  curry  from  them,  it  serves  to  raise  tlieir  Jealousy,  and  the  Transition  is  too  great  and  too  sudden, 
from  their  former  mode  of  Life,  to  tliat  whicii  they  must  hereby  enter  upon.  Any  Change  in  tlie 
Manners  of  a  Savage  People,  who  liave  an  liigh  Sense  of  liberty,  like  the  Iroquois,  should  be 
gradually  effected.  It  should  in  some  measure  be  the  Result  of  their  own  Clioice,  as  being  appa- 
rently expedient,  not  of  any  Violence  ;  wliich  will  not  fail  to  rivet  them  firmly  to  tlieir  Customs,  and 
shut  their  Minds  against  Reason  and  Conviction.  The  Indian  Country  is  evidently  tiie  properest 
Place  to  fix  a  Seminary  for  tliis  Purpose,  where  tlie  Purehts  can  frequently  see  tlieir  Children  ;  by 
which  all  Uneasiness  would  be  removed  from  both,  and  those  other  Inconveniences  avoided.  It 
would  also  be  pleasing  to  the  Indians  in  general.  Tliey  would  look  upon  it  as  a  Mark  of  our  Regard, 
and  Confidence  in  them.  This  \vould  serve  to  reconcile  them  to  the  Instructions  and  Discipline 
of  a  College ;  and  induce  them  to  encourage  the  Institution,  even  from  a  Principle  of  Gratitude.  But 
I  shall  not  enlarge  on  tiiis  Head,  as  this  Seminary  is  not  immediately  necessary.  It  must  be  the 
Work  of  Time ;  after  the  other  Parts  of  tiie  preceding  Plun  are  carried  into  Execution,  and  a  con- 
siderable Progress  is  made  in  each. 

After  much  Reflection  on  the  State  and  Disposition  of  the  Indians,  and  receiving  the  best 
Intbrmution  from  those  who  had  an  intimate  intercourse  with  them  for  many  years,  I  am  persuaded 
that  this  Plan  is  well  adapted  to  their  Circumstances,  and  would,  if  duly  executed,  produce  the 
desired  Effect  in  converting  them  to  Christianity.  If  that  can  once  be  Accomplished,  their  firm 
Attachment  to  us  will  naturally  follow,  and  their  Reduction  to  a  civilised  State  will  be  gradually  and 
insensibly  promoted  at  the  same  Time.  Too  mucii  should  not  be  attempted  at  first ;  especially  in 
civilising  them.  It  would  probably  alarm  them,  and  thereby  defeat  the  whole  Design.  Tlie  more 
westerly  Tribes  have  yet  received  few  Impressions  of  Christianity,  and  are  least  civilised.  These 
should  therefore  be  treated  with  more  Caution  than  the  Tribes  that  are  near,  or  surrounded  by,  our 
Settlements.  The  latter  from  their  Intercourse  with  the  English,  have  adopted  some  of  our  Manners, 
and  Customs,  and  having  some  knowledge  of  Religion  already,  are  very  desirous  of  further 
Instruction.  All  indeed  are  willing  to  be  taught  to  read  and  write  so  that  Schoolmasters  may  be 
sent  immediately  to  all  the  principal  Villages  of  the  Confederacy,  as  is  mentioned  under  the 
second  article  of  the  Plan.  Tiiese  will  have  an  opportunity  of  preparing  tiie  Way  for  Missionaries 
among  the  remote  Tribes ;  and  the  latter  may  be  introduced  in  a  little  Time,  without  giving  any 
Alarm  to  the  Savages.  It  will  therefore  be  necessary  to  increase  the  Number  of  Missionaries,  as  the 
Indians  are  in  a  proper  Disposition  to  receive  them  ;  and  with  them.  Mechanics  may  be  gradu- 
ally admitted.  Wlien  Matters  are  thus  far  advanced,  the  Work  may  be  looked  on  as  good  as 
accomplished  ;  for  the  remaining  Difficulties  and  Obstructions  with  Respect  to  the  Indians,  will 
be  easily  surmounted.  A  Seminary  at  Oneida  will  then  be  of  singular  use,  and  compleat  flie  whole. 
In  this  Plan  I  have  said  Nothing  of  Intcrpretei-s,  which  will  be  necessary  for  the  Missionarh'S  and 
Schoolmasters  when  they  first  begin  ;  because  I  imagine  they  may  be  procured  at  a  moderate 
Expence  ;  and  even  that  may  be  laid  aside  in  a  little  Time,  when  the  Missionaries  and  Scliool- 
niasters  have  attained  some  Knowledge  of  the  Indian  Language,  which  is  by  no  means  difficult 
for  a  Person  of  tolerable  Capacity. 

Having  thus  laid  down  the  Plan  which  I  conceive  should  be  pursued  in  this  Business,  I  proceed 
to  point  out  some  Circumstances  which  promise  Success  to  the  Attempt  at  this  Time. 

The  general  Peace  now  subsisting  among  tlie  Indians  is  very  favourable  to  this  Design.  In  former 
Times,  the  Iroquois  were  almost  continually  engaged  in  War  ;  either  with  the  French,  or  some  of 
the  neighbouring  Indians.    A  State  uf  War  must  necessarily  obstruct  their  Conversion,  as  all  their 


m 


fllv 


490 


mMOftiAL  eoKOBMnii*  TBc  uoaoou  Ol 


Men  are  on  these  Occasions  called  into  the  Field  ;  their  Country  also  is  in  perpetual  Alarms,  often  a 
Scene  of  Blood  and  Desolation.  In  Times  of  Peace,  lilce  the  present,  the  luconveaieiicied  are 
removed  ;  and  they  are  at  Leisure  to  attend  instruction. 

Our  possession  of  Canada  is  anotlier  Cireuastance  peculiarly  favorable  to  tlie  Conversion  of  the 
Iroquois,  which  did  not  exist  Uli  lately.  Wiien  the  French  were  Masters  of  tluU  Province,  litey 
were  sensible  of  how  much  Consequence  the  Friendsliip  of  the  Indians  was  to  the  Security,  Trade, 
and  Growth,  of  their  Colony.  The  Government  therefore  gave  all  possible  Encouragement  and 
Assistance  to  their  Missionaries  in  converting  the  Savages.  To  this  and  the  zeal  of  those  Mission- 
aries, who  were  generally  Men  of  Abilities,  must  be  attributed  the  great  Success  tliey  Iiad  in 
making  Indian  Converts.  Tlie  Itxtquois  are  too  considerable  to  be  overlooked  by  a  People  so 
discerning  and  attentive  to  their  Interest  as  the  French.  They  earnestly  courted,  and  with  niuoii 
Assiduity,  the  Friendship  and  alliance  of  the  Iroquois.  These  Overtures  were,  tor  the  most  Part, 
rejected  by  the  latter;  owing  in  a  great  Measure  to  tlieir  Connection  with  us:  And  altlio'  the 
French  were  generally  at  War  with  the  Iroquois,  yet  their  Priests  had  sufficient  address  to  gala 
Admittance  among  them,  and  proselyte  many.  Tliis  gave  them  an  Opportunity  of  throwing  many 
Difficulties  in  the  Way  of  our  Missionaries,  which  they  have  iailed  to  improve.  They  stuck  at 
Nothing  however  infamous  for  tiiis  Purpose.  Tliey  invented  and  propagated  the  most  glaring 
Falsehoods  to  prejudice  tlie  Indians  against  us.  They  did  not  even  hesitate  to  persuade  titem  that 
the  English  were  the  People  who  crucified  Jesus  Christy  and  tliat  the  Books  used  by  our  Mitsionariu 
were  written  by  the  Devil.  These  Falselioods  gained  Credit  among  tlie  Ignorant  Savages,  especially 
the  Popish  Converts ;  and  the  Society's  Missionaries  sensibly  lelt  their  effects.  Tliey  met  with 
insuperable  Obstructions  in  the  Discharge  of  their  Duty ;  their  Lives  were  often  in  Danger,  and 
they  were  obliged  to  fly  for  their  Preservation.  The  Scene  is  greatly  clianged  at  present ;  for 
although  our  Possession  of  Canada  does  not  intirely  Guard  us  against  tlie  Practices  of  Popish 
Emissaries  ;  yet  it  will  secure  us  from  tite  Incursions  of  an  enemy,  and  enable  us  in  some  Measure 
to  confine  the  Priests  to  their  own  Tribes.  Any  Interruption  they  may  give,  cannot  defeat  the 
Scheme ;  and  may  serve  as  a  spur  to  the  Industry  of  our  Missionaries,  wIk>,  having  the  Authority 
of  Government  on  their  Side,  will  thence  derive  great  advantages ;  such  as  must  give  them  a 
Manifest  Superiority.  I  shall  Just  add,  that  from  the  above  Specimen  we  may  Judge  what  Impres- 
■i<Hi8  the  Indian  Converts  to  Popery  are  likely  to  receive  of  us  from  their  Priests ;  and  wliat 
Methods  the  latter  are  capableof  usjng  to  prejudice  them  against  us.  For  we  cannot  with  any  Colour 
of  Season  suppose  their  Indian  Missionaries  are  more  conscientious  now  tlian  formerly,  less 
t>igottcd  to  their  own  Religion,  or  entertain  more  lavourable  sentiments  of  ours.  Tliere  is  the 
clearest  Proof  of  the  contrary. 

The  advanced  Population  of  our  Frontiers  will  greatly  facilitate  the  Conversion  of  tlie  Iroquois. 
Formerly  there  were  very  few  English  Inhabitants  near  the  Indian  Villages,  which  subjected  our 
Missionaries  to  numl)erle8S  liardships  and  emlMurrassments.  Removed  far  from  our  settlements,  tliey 
could  seldom  converse  with  any  but  Savages.  They  often  found  it  difficult  to  procure  the  common 
Necessaries  of  Life,  or  a  Place  of  Refuge  in  Times  of  Danger,  which  were  frequent.  Tliey  were 
obliged  to  rely  for  immediate  support  and  Protection  on  the  Indians  only  ;  many  of  whom  were 
not  well  affected  to  Christianity ;  all  of  them  exposed  to  the  Ravages  of  a  barbarous  Enemy.  These 
Inconveniences,  like  the  former,  are  now  no  more.  Our  Settlements  surround  some  of  the  Indian 
Villages,  and  are  not  very  Distant  from  others ;  so  tliat  Missionaries  may  be  readily  supplied  with 
whatever  Necessaries  they  want,  and  will  be  under  no  apprehension  of  Danger  to  their  Lives.  Even 
the  Indians,  by  their  Vicinity  to  the  English,  and  Intercourse  with  them,  are  become  much  more 
tractable  mi  btUDAoe.    la  reality  the  State  of  Things  is  intirely  changed  rom  what  it  was  Ibrmerly 


nrt  oonvKOKAAfs  VAtioin  or  imnAira. 


&li 


in  this  Respeet ;  and  all  to  the  Advantage  of  the  Design  now  under  Consideration.  But  the  most 
favourable  circumstance,  and  what  promises  success  tlie  most  of  any  to  an  attempt  for  coiivfrtiiig 
the  Iroquois,  is  tira  Desire  of  the  Iroquois  themselves  that  Missionaries  miglit  hv  sent  to  instruct 
them  in  the  Principles  of  Christianity.  They  have  repeatedly  made  this  Iie<|uest,  and  have  urged  it 
with  much  Earnestness,  particularly  at  a  Congress  lately  held,  where  3,100  Indians  from  th«diiR;rent 
Tribes  were  present.  This  shews  a  general  Disposition  in  the  Iroquois  to  embrace  Christianity  ; 
and  that  the  Plan  now  proposed  would  be  sucoessful. 

These  partloulan  might  be  enlarged,  were  it  necessary,  and  others  added  to  them  which  would 
evince  this  point  ftirther.  But  enough  has  been  said,  in  my  humble  opinion,  to  remove  any  Appre* 
hension  of  a  Failure  in  the  Success  of  the  Scheme  now  laid  down ;  or  that  the  Expence  and  Trouble 
attending  it  would  be  flruitless.  For  ray  Part,  I  would  be  the  last  Person  to  recommend  suoli  • 
Measure,  had  I  not  as  great  a  certainty  as  the  Nature  of  the  Case  will  admit,  of  its  Success,  ad 
well  as  of  its  general  Utility. 

But  altho  I  am  f\illy  satisfied  on  this  Head  ;  yet  I  am  sensible  that  Objections  have  been  raised 
concerning  it.  It  will  tfieretbre  be  proper  in  this  Place  briefly  to  obviate  these :  Because  however 
weak  or  ill-fbunded,  they  may  influence  even  the  Judicious  fur  Want  of  due  Infbrmation ;  and  I 
would  willingly  lay  before  your  Lordship,  in  as  clear  and  concise  a  manner  as  I  could,  wliatever 
might  tend  to  elucidate  the  Subject.  I  shall  select  some  of  the  most  plausible  Objections  that  have 
eome  to  my  Knowledge. 

Among  other  Things  it  has  been  snggested— "  That  the  "  Iroquois  are  such  an  ignorant,  barbarous 
People,  that  they  are  "  incapable  of  being  civilised  or  brought  over  to  Christianity." 

But  this  Language  ia  manifestly  dictated  by  Prejudice,  I  grant  the  Inx^uois  are  ignorant,  when 
compared  with  civilised  Nations ;  but  certainly  we  should  distinguish  between  Ignorance  and  Dulness 
— between  the  Want  of  Knowledge  and  the  Want  of  Capacity  to  receive  it.  Whoever  has  any 
Acquaintance  with  the  Iroquois,  must  know  they  are  not  deficient  in  Point  of  Understanding.  No 
People  have  more  Sagacity  to  discern  their  Interest,  according  to  their  prevailing  Notions,  or  can 
reason  better  on  it ;  none  can  project  Schemes  with  more  Subtilty  to  promote  it,  or  have  more  Spirit 
and  Resolution  to  carry  those  Schemes  into  Execution.  Tiielr  Speeches  at  Treaties,  their  Converstt- 
tion  and  Conduct  are  incontestable  Proofs  of  this.  Besides  it  is  well  known  that  such  of  titem  as 
will  learn  to  read  and  write,  gen<^rally  make  a  more  rapid  Progress  than  Persons  of  the  same  Age 
among  us.  It  may  then  with  Truth  be  affirmed,  that  the  Indians  are  not  inferior  in  their  Intellectual 
Faculties  to  other  Nations,  or  less  capable  of  Improvement.  Theli  Knowledge  indeed,  for  Want 
of  Culture,  is  confined  within  a  narrow  Circle ;  but  notwithstanding,  they  shew  a  Discernment,  and 
a  Force  of  Understanding,  which  place  them  on  a  Level  with  the  Best  of  Mankind. 

It  is  ftirther  granted  that  the  Iroquois  are  barbarous ;  but  this  by  no  means  proves  that  they  are 
incapable  of  being  civilised.  We  know  of  very  few  Nations  which  were  not  originally  as  barbarous 
as  they.  No  ancient  People  surpassed  the  Greeks  in  Knowledge,  Policy  and  Refinement  of  Manners; 
or  left  to  tlie  World  sndi  Monuments  of  exalted  genius.  YeS  History  testifies  that  the  Greeks  were 
once  extremely  rude  and  savage — much  more  so  than  the  Iroquois  at  present.  Without  Letters, 
Laws,  or  Policy,  or  even  Food  proper  Ibr  Men,  they  wandered  in  Fields  and  Woods,  having  no 
Places  of  SheltiBt,  but  Dens  and  Caverns.  Their  own  Writers,  and  those  of  best  Note,  confirm  tliis 
Account ;  and  that  many  Ages  had  elapsed  before  they  emerged  out  of  this  brutal  State.  It  was  by 
very  slow  steps,  by  repeated  Efforts  of  wise  and  great  Men,  that  they  rose  to  that  Eminence  wliich 
afterwards  so  much  distinguished  them.  About  the  Commencement  of  the  Christian  Era,  the  Ger- 
mans and  Britons  were  as  barbarous  as  the  Indians  of  this  Continent,  whom  they  greatly  resembled 


f 

1 


m 


MUfOKUL  CONOUlfllfO  THB   IKOQCOll   0» 


In  many  Particulars.  Tet  experience  hath  evinced  that  those  Nations  were  as  capable  of  Improve* 
nit-nt  as  any  upon  Earth. 

As  to  tlie  American  Indians,  it  is  certain  tliat  the  Mexican,  a  Nation  of  North  Atneriru,  wt-ro 
civilized  In  a  high  Degree  ;  wlien  first  discovered  by  tlie  EuropeHUS.  This  was  also  the  t'luse  with 
tlie  Peruvians;  and  altlio  tite  latter  were  Inliabitants  of  Suudi  America,  yet  tlie  near  rt'seiiiblunco 
between  all  tlie  Natives  of  this  vast  Continent,  affords  the  strongest  Presumption  that  they  are  equally 
capable  of  being  civilised.  That  the  superior  Attainments  of  one  Nation  alMve  others,  in  Knowledge, 
Arts  and  Policy,  were  owing  here,  as  well  as  in  other  Parts  of  the  World,  to  local  circumstances, 
and  other  Accidents,  not  to  any  inherent  Difference  in  the  People,  appears  from  the  following 
lustance.  Tiie  Indians  of  Paraguay,  for  several  years  after  tlie  arrival  of  the  Spaniards,  were  among 
the  most  Savage  of  the  Inhabitants  of  South  America,  yet  by  the  Endeavours  and  Laboui'S  of  the 
Jesuits,  they  are  now  reduced  to  civil  Lite,  are  regular,  industrious  Members  of  Society,  and  zealous 
Professors  of  Ptipery.  fe'>  it  -n 

These  Reflections  might  be  carried  much  further.  But  I  shall  only  observe,  that  the  Iroquois 
resemble  other  barbarous  Nations,  seem  to  have  much  the  same  Vices,  and  are  equally  attached  to 
thHr  own  Manners.  Tiiey  also  possess  the  same  Faculties,  with  as  great  a  share  of  Reason  aud 
understanding,  as  others  of  the  human  Species  in  general.  Experience  hath  demonstrated  that 
the  most  ignorant  and  birbarous  People  may  be  civilised  ;  and  why  not  here  as  well  as  elsewhere  1 
I  am  persuaded  that  no  solid  Reason  can  bo  assigned  why  the  Iroquois  should  be  an  Exception  to  the 
general  Rule.  Human  Nature  is  much  the  same  in  every  Clime  and  Age.  Culture,  with  other 
external  Circumstances,  constitute  the  principal  Difference  betwen  the  various  Parts  of  Mankind. 
For  we  find  the  same  Nation,  at  different  Periods,  differ  from  itself,  in  Point  of  Manners,  as  much 
OS  tlie  most  distant  Nations,  can  differ  from  each  other. 

It  is  certain  that  the  Mohawks,  from  the  Impressions  of  Religion  they  have  received,  and  their 
Intercourse  with  the  English,  have  already  made  considerable  Progress  towards  civilised  Life. 
Were  proper  Measures  taken  for  the  Purpose,  there  can  be  no  Doubt,  but  much  more  might  be 
done  this  Way.  Nothing  but  the  Want  of  those  Measures,  and  their  Connections  with  the  Nations 
of  their  Confederacy,  still  buried  in  Darkness  and  Barbai-ity,  at  the  Head  of  which  they  are  ambi- 
tious to  figure,  prevent  it.  If  the  Mohawks  were  iutirely  to  adopt  our  Manners,  their  Influence  over 
the  other  Tribes  would  be  at  an  End.  But  if  these  Tribes  were  instructed  as  They  are,  the  Case 
would  be  very  different. 

As  to  the  Notion  that  the  Iroquois  cannot  be  converted  to  Christianity,  it  is  utterly  groundless. 
Not  to  mention  the  great  Number  of  Converts  made  by  the  French  among  Nations  bordering  on  the 
Iroquois,  and  equally  barbarous  ;  the  Success  of  the  few  Missionaries  we  sent  among  them,  is  a 
sufficient  Refutation  of  it.  In  the  year  1745  Dr.  Barclay,  the  Society's  Missionary  to  the  Mohawks, 
was  obliged  in  Consequence  of  the  French  War,  and  Practices  of  Popish  Emissaries,  to  abandon 
Fort  Hunter.  He  had  resided  in  that  Mission  8  years  only :  during  whicli  Time  the  Iroquois 
were  often  engaged  in  War.  This  worthy  Missionary  had  no  Interpreter  ;  his  Life  was  frequently 
in  Danger ;  besides  numberless  other  Difficulties  he  had  to  struggle  with.  Yet  his  Congregation 
consisted  at  Iiis  Departure,  of  no  less  than  500  Indian  Converts,  of  whom  more  than  80  were 
regular  communicants  ;  which  was  more  than  Double  the  number  he  found  there  at  his  first  coming. 
If  so  great  a  Progress  could  be  made  in  christianising  the  Indians  amidst  so  many  Obstructions ; 
Reason  will  tell  us  that  much  greater  Progress  might  be  made  in  it  at  present,  when  those  Embar- 
rassments are  removed. 

It  hath  been  further  urged  on  this  Subject — ^"  Tliat  civilising  a  barbarous  People  diould  precede 


nrn  oonvoiiuTB  vAnon  of  nmiAM. 


;de 


■«  any  Attempt  to  ehristlanlM  them ;  and  beftm  they  oan  be  made  Chriitlaoa  they  mnit  flnt  be  made 
"  reaaonable  Men." 

Thia  Objection  tho  plausible,  and  perhape  trae  In  lome  Cues ;  yet  will  not  bold  good  in  the  preaent 
Instanoe.  There  cannot  indeed  be  much  hope  of  laooeeding  In  the  ConTenion  of  any  People  to 
Christisnity,  who  are  continually  wandering  flrom  Place  to  Place ;  becanae  In  such  Circumstaneee, 
they  cannot  enough  attend,  to  the  Instractiona  that  are  delivered.  But  the  Caae  la  flur  otherwlae 
with  the  Iroquoia.  They  are  aettled  in  Villages,  where  they  reaide  the  whole  year,  except  in  the 
Seaaon  of  Hunting,  which  lasts  but  a  few  months ;  so  that  there  is  aufllelent  Time  and  Opportunity 
Jbr  Inatruotlon. 

Christianity  ia  certainly  most  likely  to  spread  among  People  who  are  civilised  ;  becanae  the  Mind 
Is  thereby  prepared  in  some  Measurti  to  submit  to  ita  precepts.  But  to  conclude  from  thence,  that 
a  barbarous  People  cannot  be  brought  over  to  Christianity,  would  be  a  very  wrong  Inference.  The 
many  Converts  already  made  by  the  English  and  French,  among  the  Savage  Tribes  of  North  America, 
as  I  said  before,  are  a  Demonstration  of  the  contrary,  to  omit  other  Instances.  On  the  other  Hand, 
I  will  not  hesitate  to  affirm,  that  one  of  the  most  effectual  Methods  to  civilise  a  barbarous  People,  is 
to  inculcate  Principles  of  Religion  among  them ;  provided  they  reside  long  enough  in  one  Place  to 
attend,  and  are  willing  to  hear  them.  This  waa  hinted  at  before,  and  aa  it  isa  Point  of  aome  Conae- 
quence,  should  be  elucidated  a  little  ihrther.  ''  - '  '  -* 

An  ignorant.  Savage  People,  accustomed  to  a  Life  free  from  Care  or  Restraint,  and  possessed  of 
an  high  Sense  of  Liberty,  cannot  without  the  utmost  Difficulty  be  brought  to  submit  to  Labour  or 
the  ControU  of  Laws.  The  Pleasure  or  Benefits  resulting  from  Knowledge,  Arts  or  refined 
Manners,  have  no  Charms  ibr  them.  They  are  outweighed  by  their  Love  of  Liberty  and  Ease, 
which  they  hold  in  much  greater  Estimation.  Thia  hath  been  true  of  rude,  uncivilised  Nations  in 
every  part  of  the  World ;  and  hence  we  find  that  Legislators  in  general,  when  attempting  to  civilise 
barbarous  People,  did  ndt  content  themselves  with  merely  displaying  the  temporal  Advantages 
arising  from  a  civilised  State.  Sensible  that  aome  Motives  more  powerftU  were  necessaiy  to  coun- 
teract inveterate  Habits  and  Prejudices,  they  called  in  Religion  to  their  aid.  Accordhigly  they 
availed  themselves  of  the  Belief  of  aSupream  Being,  which  they  found  People  everywhere  possessed 
of,  and  made  it  subservient  to  their  Purpose.  The  first  Thing  they  did  was  to  confirm  this  Bellef| 
institute  a  Ceremonial  of  Religious  Worship,  and  inculcate  the  Doctrine  of  a  fUture  Life.  This 
Expedient  had  the  desired  Effect ;  and  accomplished  what  had  been  otherwise  attempted  in  vain. 
To  this  Purpose  we  have  the  Testimony  of  some  of  the  most  Judicious  Writers  of  Antiquity,  that 
the  Eleusinian  Mysteries  (in  which  were  probably  taught  the  Belief  of  a  Supream  Being,  a  Provi- 
dence and  future  Life,  with  the  Necessity  of  a  Rectitude  of  Moral  Conduct)  contributed  more  thaii 
any  other  Means  to  soften  the  Savage  Manners  of  the  first  Inhabitants  of  Europe.  '"': 

These  Particulars  are  Pertinent  to  the  Point  under  Consideration.  These  shew  the  Judgment  and 
Practice  of  the  wisest  Men  to  have  been  contrary  to  what  is  suggested  in  tills  Objection ;  and 
Experience  evinced  that  they  Judged  right.  We  may  reasonably  conclude,  that  the  same  Measures 
ought  to  be  persued  in  similar  Circumstances  now,  as  well  as  formerly,  and  that  they  will  be 
attended  with  similar  effects ;  consequently,  that  we  aihonld  Introduce  Religion  among  the  Iroquois 
in  order  to  civilise  them. 

The  Iroquois,  and  other  Indian  Tribes  of  North  America,  believe  in  a  God,  In  a  Providence 
and  fViture  State  of  Existence,  and  what  is  very  remarkable,  even  those  who  have  yet  had  no  Tincture 
of  Christianity,  discover  the  most  reverential  Awe  of  the  Supream  Being,  and  pay  uncommon 
Defference  to  the  Ministers  of  Religion.  They  are  hereby  prepared  in  some  Degree  for  receiving 
the  Truths  of  Christianity,  which  will  naturally  dispose  them  to  Change  their  Manners,  and  admit 
ToL.  IV.  85 


r 


•74 


WMBiiAL  eoweciiMnfe  Tm  taoQveif  ok 


the  Art!  of  dril  Lift  {  and  they  would  oerUinlj  Spurn  at  any  PropoMl  for  Introdndng  the  latter 
without  th«  former.  Mj  opinion  tlierefor*  ii  timt  our  Kudtiavour*  to  dvillM  the  Iroquoln,  and 
Ck>n?ert  them  to  Cliriitlaaitjr,  ibould  be  Joined  together,  as  is  tpeeiflrd  in  the  preceding  Plan. 
They  will  mutually  promote  and  aislit  each  other ;  and  thui  the  End  iu  View  will  be  more  aDcedlly 
and  efbotnally  aooompUilied. 

I  Mid  beibre  "  that  good  Policy  required  the  Crown  should  be  prinolpally  concerned  in  this  Busl- 
"uess."  My  Reasons  were  sueh  as  I  am  persuaded  your  Lordship  will  approve.  It  has  been 
the  Opinion  of  Oovemment,  and  what  oar  Proceedings,  relative  to  the  Indians,  are  at  present 
regulated  by.  That  all  Transactions  with  them  should  pass  thro'  one  Channel,  and  be  carried  on 
in  the  Name  of  the  Crown.  This  was  wisely  Judged  ;  being  the  best  Expedient  to  unite  them  in  the 
common  Cause,  and  prevent  the  ill  Consequences  of  leaving  them  to  be  practised  on  by  sueh  as  might 
have  Interests  or  Views  of  any  Kind,  inconsistent  with  those  of  the  State.  On  this  Principle,  the 
present  Plan  has  a  peculiar  claim  to  his  MiOc*ty'>  Patronage.  The  Indians  should  be  taught  to 
look  up  to  Him  as  their  common  Father  and  Protector.  Nothing  would  have  a  greater  Tendency 
to  attach  them  to  His  Person  or  Government,  than  his  contributing  a  Part  of  His  Royal  Bounty  to 
support  a  Scheme  calculated  to  procure  their  present  and  ftiture  Happiness.  They  would  consider 
it  as  the  greatest  Mark  of  his  Friendship  and  Regard  for  them.  Be  assured  that  even  those  Indians 
who  have  not  yet  been  Christianised,  would  view  it  in  this  Point  of  Light.  His  Majesty's  Authority, 
besides,  would  give  Weight  to  the  Design,  and  promote  its  Success;  and  therefore  His  Royal 
Patronage  of  a  Plan,  by  which  these  Important  Ends  are  to  be  answered  would  be  highly  proper. 

Another  Circumstance  which  is  worthy  of  particular  Notice  on  this  Head  is.  That  the  Indians 
discover  a  much  greater  Inclination  to  be  Instructed  iu  the  Principles  of  Christianity  by  Clergymen 
of  the  Church  of  England,  than  by  dissenting  Ministers.  The  Solemnity  of  our  Worship  Is  ipore 
pleasing  to  them.  The  Savages  are  incapable  of  entering  into  the  spirit  of  our  Religious  Disputes 
and  Di visions,  or  of  forming  a  Proper  Judgment  concerning  them.  As  we  are  all  under  one  King 
and  worship  one  Ood,  they  think  we  ought  to  have  but  one  Religion  ;  and  they  suppose  that  which  is 
professed  by  the  King  is  best.  Hence  proceeds  the  dislike  shewn  by  the  Indians  to  some  dissenting 
Teachers  who  have  lately  attempted  their  Conversion  ;  for  on  hearing  their  Religion  was  not  the 
same  with  the  King's  they  were  much  disgusted.  Besides,  th?  gloomy  Cast  of  those  Teachers,  and 
their  Mode  of  Worship,  are  ibrbldding  and  dlsagreable  to  the  Indians.  But  the  present  Plan,  which 
proposes  that  they  should  be  proselyted  by  Clergymen  of  the  National  Church,  would  be  clear  of 
those  Embarrassments  ;  and  as  Supreme  Head  of  the  Church  of  England,  it  should  be  carried  on 
In  his  Mi^esty's  Name.  Or  even  supposing  that  the  Dissenters  should  at  least  prove  successful  In 
their  endeavours  among  the  Indians ;  yet  it  deserves  serious  Consideration,  whether  it  would  not 
be  more  eligible  and  safe  that  the  Iroquois  were  Converted  to  the  National  Faith,  and  in  such  a 
Manner,  as  would  indubitably  secure  their  Fidelity  to  the  Crown.  I  shall  not  enlarge  on  so  delicate 
•  Point.    Tour  Lordship  can  reflect  on  this  Hint. 

I  have  now  gone  through  what  I  proposed  on  this  Subject,  and  have  studied  Brevity  as  far  as  was 
consistent  with  Perspicuity.  I  shall  not  trespass  farther  on  your  Lordship's  Patience  than  to 
observe— That  every  Motive  of  Humanity  and  good  Policy — of  Regard  to  our  Safety  and  Welfare, 
loudly  calls  for  some  vigorous  Measures  with  Respect  to  the  Iroquois,  to  secure  their  Friendship, 
prevent  their  Seduction  by  Roman  Catholics,  and  guard  against  the  Evils  that  may  be  thence 
apprehended,  as  well  as  those  we  may  surely  expect  from  their  Continuance  in  their  present  savage 
State.  The  Method  to  effect  all  this,  I  have  taken  the  Liberty  to  point  out.  The  Expence  attending 
it  is  trivial  when  compared  with  the  Advantages  we  shall  certainly  reap  fh>m  it;  about  X500 
9terl.  a  year  being  sufficient  for  the  Purpose ;  and  it  is  more  than  probable  there  never  will  bo  again 


riTB  OOMrBOUATB  KATIONI  or  INDIAMt. 


•75 


meh  n  Gonenmnee  of  Oireumitancei,  ai  «t  pntient,  to  (kvour  a  Detign  of  thU  Kind.  I  ihall  only 
add  I  that  Nothing  u  'uld  reflect  greater  Luatre  on,  or  be  more  worthy  of,  our  preaent  gneioiu 
Sovereign,  who  li  Himself  an  lUuitrioui  Example  of  every  Virtut,  than  to  deliver  thoae  poor 
Savagei  ttom  their  present  tvretrhed  State  of  Darkneta,  Error  and  Barbarity,  and  dURiM  the 
Blesainga  of  Religion  aiul  social  LUe  atb  ng  them  {  thereby  leeuring  many  Benefltt  to  the  Gomanlty, 
particularly  to  His  Subjcrts  hi  thh  Part  of  the  World,  who  have  in  numberlew  loitanoat  aliMdj 
experienced  the  Efr«   >•"  of  Hi*  Uuyal  Munifleence  and  Paternal  goodneia. 

The  whole  la  aubmitted,  with  all  Deifereu6«,  to  your  Ix>rdihipa  Judgement  and  Wlidom. 
Jf no- York,  Octob.  1, 1771. 


!f»'  » 


-fiH>  .:? 


,(,  .  *Jk',   ■  1. 


*   ■Ki" 


^ri 


.«,tfi. 


■  '  ..I 


t'fMi'jP.i.*. 


*.«  a  V    ■> 


»•» 


.^^.  r  •  V' 


»V'-» 


».■} 


*''.-U 


I 


I       I,' 


■in« 


i  fe 


)/r*'-'i'*r-/i,  ■.>■'■■*!>-., 


'■^  i/!^-:^r!"l  ^ 


:-^->^nm 


>r 


::.'^>i^. 


-•}  .■')-■ 


^  -^lA 


'M 


.ft-:       •.    ,i^«. 


.?•■■'■    --t-Tf! 


-.*     ^r 


vS<i,     .V..:?'.W-, 


i*j.'^V. 


.  ^;'',    vv.'ci,  ■     ?.?s' 


O   -.:^v:- 


.•^4»- 


i.7S!ii.i; 


>v 


I 


Pi4- 


'f9f 


%fe.' 


1    , 


i    i 


t„  .<-, 


J 

1 

N 

1 

s^ 

1 

1 

^' 

1 

s 

'^ 

1 

1 

s 

V 

^' 

C^ 

5, 


V  7 


INDEX. 


A. 


Abel,  Oerrit,  tried  by  court  martial,  G6 ;  reduced  to  the 
ranks,  57. 

Abercrombie,  Gen.,  orders  Lt.  WilliaDis  to  superintend 
the  building  of  a  fort  at  the  Oneida  Carrying  Place, 
825. 

Academy,  an,  established  in  Schenectady,  292. 

Aohter  Col,  6. 

Adair,  James,  author  of  the  Hist,  of  American  Indians, 
some  particulars  regarding,  251 ;  introduced  to  Gen. 
Gage,  ib.j  resided  30  years  among  the  southern  Indians, 
252  ;  is  patronized  at  N.  Y.  and  proposes  to  dedicate 
his  work  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  and  Gov.  Moore,  259; 
solicits  an  introduction  to  Lord  Hillsborough,  ib.;  is 
to  bo  introduced  to  the  Soo.  for  prop,  the  gospel,  260 ; 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  remits  the  names  of  several  sub- 
scribers to,  261 ;  urges  the  abolition  of  the  general 
system  of  licenses  to  Indian  traders,  262. 

Adriaens,  Maryn,  makes  an  attempt  on  Director  Kieft's 
life,  7 ;  his  followers  demand  his  release,  8 ;  sent  to 
Holland,  ib.;  authorized  to  attack  the  Indians  near 
New  Amsterdam,  66. 

Agniehronons,  distant  twenty  leagues  from  Fort  Orange, 
16,  (see  Mohawks.) 

Agotsagcnens,  the  Dela wares  so  called  by  the  Iroc^uois, 
17. 

Agriculture  in  the  Mohawk  valley  in  1765,  state  of, 
221.     (see  Crops.) 

Albany,  (see  Foit  Orange,)  latitude  and  longitude  of, 
114  ;  fort  at,  116  ;  census  of,  in  1788, 118 ;  table  of 
the  distances  from  Crown  Point  to,  185 ;  the  barracks 
at  the  Patroon's  mills  near,  burned,  195 ;  the  Pres- 
byterians of,  allowed  the  use  of  the  government  forage 
house  for  worship,  199 ;  letter  of  the  mayor  of,  to 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock,  231 ;  biographical  notice  of 
the  first  Presbyterian  clergymen  at,  236,  241 ;  the 
corporation  of,  encourage  Dr.  Wheelock  to  remove  his 
Indian  school  to  their  vicinity,  and  vindicate  the  char- 
acter of  the  magistracy  and  constituents  of,  238 ;  Dr. 
Wheelock  disclaims  all  intention  of  impeaching  the 
character  of  the  citizens  of,  239 ;  Bev.  Harry  Munro 
appointed  rector  of,  258 ;  and  Schenectady  recom- 
mended to  form  one  mission,  263  ;  Rev.  Wm.  Hanna, 
fbrmerly  Presbyterian  minister  of,  desires  to  take 
orders  in  the  Church  of  England,  278 ;  names  of  the 


first  elders  of  the  Presbyterian  church  at,  280 ;  Rev. 
Mr.  Munro  has  a^ood  congregation  at,  299;  and 
makes  a  collection  m  New- York  for  the  Episcopal 
church  at,  301 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Freeman,  Dutch  minister 
of,  313 ;  John  Munro  petitions  to  be  appointed  sheriff 
of  the  county  of,  141 ;  a  weekly  mail  ordered  to  be 
sent  from  New  York  to,  640. 
Allen,  Ira,  violent  conduct  of,  485;  mentioned,  555. 

Ethan,  and  other  rioters  ordered  to  be  arrested. 


456 ;  violent  conduct  and  threats  of,  464 ;  heads  the 
rioters  at  Otter  creek,  513,  515,  516,  517  ;  and  oth- 
ers erect  their  judgment  seat,  520,  et  seq,;  proclama- 
tion ofiering  a  reward  for  the  arrest  of,  and  other  rio- 
ters, 526 ;  orders  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hough  to  be  whipped 
for  acting  as  a  magistrate  under  New- York,  538 ; 
signs  a  certificate  to  that  efiect,  641 ;  writes  i;  the 
N.  Y.  Prov.  Congress  expressing  a  desire  of  recon- 
ciliation, and  thanking  them  for  their  respectful  treat- 
ment of  himself  and  the  rest  of  the  Green  Mountain 
boys,  554 ;  threatens  the  people  of  Cumberland  co. 
with  the  Green  Mountain  boys,  578 ;  arrests  several 
persons  in  Cumberland  co.,  581 ;  complaints  against, 
forwarded  to  Congress,  584 ;  justification  of  his  pro- 
ceedings, 590 ;  outrage  ""mmitted  on  the  inhabitants 
of  Cumberland  co.  by,  complained  of  to  Congress, 
609. 

,  Rev.  Timothy,  205. 

Amaganseth,  L.  I.,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  a  visit  to,  303. 

Amherst,  Gen.,  permits  the  Presbyterians  of  Albany  to 
meet  for  divine  worship  in  the  Gov't  forage  house, 
199  ;  is  requested  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  to  en- 
dow his  Indian  school  with  four  tracts  of  land  on  the 
Susquehanna  river,  210 ;  refers  him  to  the  king,  212. 

Amsfortt,  (see  Flatlands.) 

Amsterdam,  a  colony  sent  to  N.  Netherland  fi-om,  $3. 

Anabaptists  in  N.  Netherland,  15. 

Andover,  census  of,  in  1771,  623. 

Andrews,  Rev.  Samuel,  378. 

,  Rev.  Wm.,  notice  of,  268, 264, 265,  274, 276,, 


277,  281 ;  opens  a  grammar  school,  290 ;  converts 
his  grammar  school  into  an  academy,  292  ;  ofiers  to 
officiate  occasionally  at  Johnstown,  294,  298 ;  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  recommends  to  continue  at  Schenec- 
tady, 295 ;  retires  fi-om  Schenectady,  805 ;  proceeds 


678 


INDIX. 


to  Virginia,  SOO  ;  applies  for  tho  church  at  Johns- 
town. a(t«. 
Audrowii,  lluv.  Mr.,  utisaiouary  at  Fort  Huutur,  313. 
Angell,  Oapt.  Saiu'l,  report  of  his  scout  toward  Ticnon- 

dcroga,  178. 
Animals  of  N.  Notherland,  3,  77. 
Anstruther,  Capt,  Coniiuandaut  of  Crown  Point,  407. 
Apalochy  mountains,  two  brunches  of  the  Sus(}uchanna 

river  rise  from  the,  112. 
Apthorp,  Charles  W.,  2*20. 

,  llov.  East,  212. 

Arantz,  Rev.  Oorard-",  657. 

Arbo,  John,  soo'y  to  the  Moravians,  solicits  Sir  Wm. 

Johnson's  favor  for  tho  latter,  230. 
Argylc,  names  of  the  settlers  in  tho  town  of,  r)3G. 
Arlington ,  names  of  tho  inhabitants  cf  the  township  of,  362. 
Armonck,  20. 
Artillery,  the  N.  Y.   Blue,  names  of  tho  officers  and 

soldiers  of,  138. 
Assembly  of  N.  Y.,  when  septennial,  165 ;  journals  of 

tho  N.  Y.,  printed  by  Hugh  Gaino,  242  ;  election  for 

a  new,  254  ;  Mr.  Crugcr  elected  speaker  of  the,  257 ; 

report  to  the,  on  the  outrages  of  the  Bennington  mob, 

525. 
Assessment  rolls  of  tho  five  Dutch  towns  on  L.  I.,  89. 
Atenderrogo,  171. 
AtianderoKoe,  171. 
Attomcy-Gcncrai  of  New- York,  how  appointed,  116. 


Auchmuty,  lie  v.  Dr.,  invites  the  Rev.  Mr.  Baftoa  to 
become  a  member  of  the  Moo.  for  Prop,  tho  gospel, 
22'J ;  Sir  Wni.  Johnson's  letter  tu,  ou  the  election  for 
members  of  assembly,  254  ;  John  Rand,  schoolmas- 
ter at  Rye,  asks  advico  of,  about  tho  propriaty  of 
moving  to  Fort  Johnson,  256  ;  is  of  opinion  that  Al- 
bany and  Schenectady  should  have  but  one  Episcopal 
minititor,  263;  further  mention  of,  260, 264;  introduces 
Rev.  Mr.  Forbes  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  265  ;  defines 
the  character  of  a  true  churchman,  and  conveys  the 
thanks  of  the  N.  Y.  Episcopal  convention  to  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson,  260  ;  informed  of  tho  arrival  of  Messrs. 
Stunrt  and  Andrews  at  their  respective  missions,  277  ; 
that  tho  Lutheran  minister  of  Stoncaraby  desires  to 
join  the  Episcopal  church,  also,  that  tho  Rev.  Mr. 
Hanna  is  anxious  to  conform,  278  ;  gives  his  views 
as  to  encouraging  these  clergymen  to  tako  orders 
in  tho>Church  of  England,  281  ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
cemmunicatcs  the  state  of  religion  in  the  Mohawk 
valley  to,  284  j  rector  of  Trinity  church.  New- York  ; 
entirely  ignorant  of  tho  charges  brought  by  tho  Soc. 
for  Prop,  the  gospel,  ngoinst  Sir  ITcnry  Moore,  375  ; 
recommends  certain  persons  to  be  military  officers  for 
Glooester  oo.,  391. 

Auckland,  Lord,  biographical  sketch  of,  296. 

Avery,  Rev.  David,  attends  tho  treaty  at  Fort  Stunwix, 
246. 

,  Rev.  Ephraim,  biographical  notice  of,  257. 


B. 


Babcook,  Henry,  report  of  hb  scout  near  Lake  George, 
173  ;  proposes  taking  holy  orders  and  establLsbing 
an  Episcopal  seminary  among  the  Six  Nations,  302 ; 
biographical  notice  of,  305  ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  is  not 
favorably  impressed  with  his  scheme,  308 ;  re-urges 
his  plan  on  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  ib. 

,  Rev.  Luke,  biographical  sketch  of,  305. 

Bailey,  Gen.  Jacob,  reports  to  the  N.  Y.  convention 
that  a  number  of  the  New  Hampshire  grants  have 
declared  independenoy,  560 ;  refuses  to  join  the 
Oreen  Mountain  boys,  ib. 

Bainbridge,  (see  Clinton  township) 

Baker,  Remember,  names  of  the  persons  who  rescued, 
472 ;  accused  of  injuring  one  Willoughby,  473 ;  vio- 
lent conduct  of,  485 ;  ordered  to  be  arrested,  486 ; 
assists  in  destroying  Col.  Reid's  plantation  on  Otter 
creek,  513  ;  lays  in  wait  for  Col.  Reid,  514  ;  com- 
mission of,  516  ;  further  acts  of,  517  ;  denounced  as 
a  leader  of  the  Bennington  mob,  519 ;  erects  his 
judgment  seat,  520 ;  further  mention  of,  522,  523, 
594 ;  a  reward  offered  for  the  arrest  of,  526,  527  ; 
assists  in  burning  Squire  Spencer's  premises,  543. 

Baptist  association  of  Philadelphia,  date  of  its  forma- 
tion, and  number  of  churches  attacked  in  1772  to 
♦••e,  300.  .      .^.  ,^ 

Barber,  Rev.  Jonathan,  205. 

Barclay,  Rev.  Henry,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  letter  to,  re- 
specting Mr.  Bennett,  199  ;  requested  to  superintend 
the  printing  of  a  new  edition  of  the  Indian  prayer- 
book,  206  ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  transmits  a  plan  for 
the  new  Indian  prayer-book  to,  211 ;  letter  of,  to 


Rev.  Sam'l  Johnson  on  the  propriety  of  Mr.  Bennett 
proceeding  to  the  Mohawks  in  the  character  of  cate- 
chifit,  212  ;  further  advised  of  the  progress  in  print* 
ing  the  Indian  prayer-book,  213  ;  death  of,  217. 

Barnard,  Gov.,  Lord  George  Sackville  talked  of  as  sue* 
cesser  to,  253. 

Barometer,  the,  not  subject  to  violent  changes  in  the 
Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  113. 

Barrington,  Great,  collection  for  a  church  at,  235. 

Barton,  Rev.  Thomas,  sends  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  an  elec- 
trical apparatus,  228 ;  biographical  notice  of  tho, 
229 ;  describes  tho  condition  of  the  Pennsylvania 
western  frontier,  240  ;  applies  for  leave  to  cultivate 
one  of  the  fields  near  Lancaster,  belonging  to  the  In- 
dian town  of  Ganestogo,  240 ;  letter  of  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  to,  274. 

Battle  between  the  Dutch  and  the  Indians  in  Sullivan 
CO.,  48. 

Baudartius,  Gulielmus,  some  account  of,  84. 

Baxter,  Lieut.,  leads  an  English  party  against  the  In> 
dians,  9. 

Bay,  Rev.  Andrew,  2d  Presbyterian  mbister  at  Albany, 
biographical  notice  of,  241. 

,  Judge  Elisha  H.,  241. 

Beach,  Rev.  Dr.  Abraham,  657. 

Bear,  habits  of  the,  77. 

Beardslej,  Rev.  John,  Episcopal  minuter  of  Pough* 
keepsie,  689. 

Beaver,  description  of  the,  78. 

Becker,  Pieter,  report  of  his  scout  to  the  east  of  Lake 
George,  180. 


INDXX. 


679 


Bcoron  island,  whoro,  57. 

Bcuiiot,  Mr.,  rooommcDdod  to  Sir  Win.  Johnson,  100 ; 
notice  of,  212. 

Bonnington,  the  town  of,  patented,  382  ;  claimed  to  be 
witbin  the  Prov  '  N.  Y^  883 ;  name?  of  the  in- 
habitants of  '  c  township  of,  802 ;  a  military  com- 
pany established  ot,  468 ;  Esq.  Munro  applies  for 
protection  against  the  rioters  at,  472  ;  lenient  mea- 
sures towards  them  recommended,  478 ;  ormed  or- 
ganization of  the  people  of,  ib.;  governor  Tryon's  let- 
tor  to  the  inhabitants  of,  ib.;  names  of  th*"  leaders  of 
the  mob  of,  475  ;  order  respecting  the  sufferers  from 
the  mob  of,  478  ;  report  of  the  council  on  the  disor- 
ders at,  ib.;  conditions  offered  by  the  government  of 
N.  Y.  to  the  people  of,  481 ;  a  report  of  a  public 
mooting  at,  ib.;  Gov.  Tryon  requires  the  inhabitants 
of,  to  put  certain  iamilics  into  re-possession  of  their 
lands  at  Otter  oreek,  482 ;  orders  of  the  Gov.  and 
council  of  N.  Y.  respecting  certain  letters  received 
from,  488  ;  further  outrages  committed  by  the  mob 
of,  485,  508 ;  the  people  of,  send  an  agent  to  London 
to  demand  an  alteration  in  the  jurisdiction  of  the 
Prov.,  487 ;  the  mob  of,  destroy  Col.  Reid's  settle- 
ment on  Otter  creek,  510,  512;  bad  Mr.  Munro's  poi 
ashcry,  511 ;  a  military  force  demanded  to  put  down 
the  rioters  at,  511,  518,  534;  a  man  unmerciftilly 
whipped  by  the  mob  of,  517  ;  Lord  Dartmouth  dis- 
approves of  calling  out  the  military  against  the  rioters 
at,  518  ;  the  people  of  Charlotte  county  demand  pro- 
tection against  the  mob  of,  ib.;  the  rioters  of,  erect 
their  judgment  seat,  520,  et  seq.;  Esq.  Spencer's  house 
fired  by  the  mob,  524  ;  report  to  the  N.  Y.  assembly 
on  the  proceedings  of  the  mob  of,  525  ;  erect  fortifi- 
cations on  Otter  oreek  and  Onion  river,  529,  534  ; 
and  declare  those  who  accept  commissions  of  the 

{caco,  enemies  of  the  country,  531  ;  Rev.  Benj. 
lough  most  cruelly  whipped  by  the  mob  of,  540,  et 
scq.;  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  reports  to  Lord  Dartmouth  the 
recent  outrages  committed  by  the  rioters  of,  550  ; 
forts  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point  seized  by  the  mob 
of,  553,  (see  WaUutnschack.) 

Bonzel,  Adolphus,  notice  of,  517. 

Bible,  not  a  gilt  quarto,  for  sale  in  New- York,  249. 

Billings,  Gapt.  Roger,  report  of  his  scout  to  the  nar- 
rows of  Lake  Champlain,  177. 

Birds  of  N.  Netherland,  8.  78. 

Bisset,  Rev.  John,  657. 

Blanchard.  Joseph,  colonel  of  the  N.  Hampshire  regi- 
ment, 170. 

Blok,  Adriaen,  discovers  various  parts  of  N.  Nether- 
land, 75. 

Blom,  Domine,  at  the  massacre  at  the  Esopus,  29 ;  vis- 
its the  Manhattans,  45 ;  returns  to  Esopus,  51. 

Bloomingburg,  Sullivan  co.,  an  account  of  a  battle  with 
the  Indians  at,  48. 

Boardman,  Rev.  Joseph,  205. 

Board  of  Trade,  extract  of  Gov.  Wentworth's  letter  to 
the,  340 ;  Lt.  Gov.  Colden  advises  the,  of  the  dis- 
pute between  N.  Y.  and  N.  Hampshire  as  to  bounds, 
848,  351 ;  transmits  Gov.  Wentworth's  proclamation 
to  the,  and  pronounces  the  New  Hampshire  grants  to 


have  been  made  for  purposes  of  jobbing  and  fraud, 
354  ;  report  of  the,  contaming  a  basis  on  which  they 
are  of  opinion  the  difiRcultics  regarding  the  N.  if. 
grants  can  bo  settled,  435 ;  plan  of  the,  for  the  set- 
tlement of  the  diflSculties  respecting  the  N.  Uamp- 
shire  grants,  4S.>< ;  approved,  602;  (see,  Tryon.) 

Bogardus,  Rev.  Mr.,  drowned,  70. 

Boniface,  Rev.  Frs.,  190. 

Book  of  Common  Prayer  in  the  Mohowk  language,  (sec. 
Prayer  Book.) 

Boston,  latitude  and  long,  of,  114  ;  the  Scotch  commis- 
sioners at,  propose  to  establish  English  schools  among 
the  Indians,  202 ;  people  of,  apprehensive  that  tsome 
of  them  will  be  called  to  G.  Britain  by  a  lord  chief 
justice's  warrant,  253. 

Boswyck.     (»w,  Bnthwick)  .      <.•-   ,.  . 

Boundaries  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  York,  111. 

Bradley,  R.,  attorney-general  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  York, 
report  on  the  eastern  boundary  of  that  province  by, 
334. 

Bradstreet,  Col.,  authorized  to  allow  the  Presbyterians 
of  Albany  the  use  of  the  Forage  house  for  divine 
worship,  199.  <        .  '      .' 

Brainerd,  Rev.  John,  226.  •  '  *    ' 

Brant,  Joseph,  an  account  of  his  introduction  to  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock's  school,  197;  Rev.  Dr.  Whee- 
lock's  character  of,  207 ;  Mr.  C,  J.  Smith  designs  to 
take,  as  an  interpreter,  to  the  Mohawk  country,  208 ; 
and  to  defray  the  expense  of  his  education,  209;  or- 
dered to  return  home,  211 ;  assists  in  translating  part 
of  the  New  Testament  into  the  Mohawk  language,  314. 

Brattleborough,  declaration  of  the  people  at,  of  their 
allegiance  to  N.  York,  564 ;  representation  of,  to  the 
N.  Y.  Prov.  Congress,  ib.;  census  of,  623. 

Breakenbridge,  James,  sent  by  the  people  of  Benning^ 
ton  to  London,  to  demand  an  alteration  in  the  juris- 
diction of  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  487. 

Breeden  Raedt,  extracts  from  the,  63.  '  ■      -  '  !'" 

Bressani,  Rev.  Frs.  Jos.,  189. 

Breucklen.     (see  Brooklyn.) 

Brief  considerations  on  the  subject  of  the  independence 
of  Vermont,  562. 

Brookland.     (fee  Brooklyn.) 

Brooklyn,  the  Indians  of,  called  Merekcwacks,  65 ;  as- 
sessment rcil  of,  in  1675, 93 ;  population  of,  in  1738, 
120  ;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of,  in  1738, 128. 

Brown,  J.  W.,  of  Schenectady,  some  particulars  of,  244. 
,  Rev.  Thomas,  apologizes  for  not  being  able  to 


vbit  Fort  Hunter,  196 ;  notice  of,  ib.;  acquaints  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  of  his  intended  visit  to  the  Mohawk 
castle,  221 ;  determined  to  oppose  the  settlement  of 
Dr.  Wheelock's  teachers  at  Fort  Hunter,  232 ;  pro- 
poses visiting  Johnson  hall,  233  ;  accused  of  re-bap* 
tizing  children  already  christened  by  Presbyterian 
ministers,  ib.;  invited  to  officiate  at  Great  Bamngton, 
235. 

Brownists,  the,  obliged  to  quit  England,  84. 

Brush,  Crean,  392,  525,  544,  547.  -''  ' 

Rev.  Jacob,  657. 


Bruyas,  Rev.  Jacques,  190. 

Burton,  Rev.  Dr.  Daniel,  seo'y  to  the  Soo.  for  Prop.  th« 


INDBX. 


Sospel,  biog.  memoir  of,  237 ;  mentioned,  208,  202  ; 
ir  Wm.  Johnaon  acquaints,  that  ho  has  ongugod  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Moncly  oa  miuistur  uf  Johuiituwu,  209 ; 
auooeeded  aa  Beo'y  by  Dr.  Hind,  801. 
Buahwick,  asseumeut  roll  of,  in  1675,  01;  population 


of,  in  1788, 120  ;  namus  of  the  iubabitants  of,  in  1738, 

180. 
Butturfiold,  Jouathuu,  one  uf  Sir  Wu).  Jubosoo'*  «oouti«, 

176. 
Bylo8,  Rev.  Mather,  205. 


0. 


Gadarukiu,  the  Ouoida  river  falls  into  Lake,  112 ;  Lake 
Erie  and  the  western  lakes  cummunioate  with  Lake, 
ib.;  the  French  have  a  fort  at,  156. 

Calvin,  Heaekiah,  an  Indian  tcauker,  232. 

Calvinists  in  New  Netherland,  15. 

Cambridge,  articles  of  Union  aarecd  to  at,  603 ;  sub- 
mission of  the  people  of,  to  N.  York,  605. 

Campbell,  Daniel,  notice  of,  263. 

Canada,  number  of  persons  in  1738  capable  of  bearing 
arms  in,  155,  156  ;  father  Robault  writes  to  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  on  the  neeessity  of  tlie  English  retaining, 
215  ;  transmits  to  Gen.  Amherst  a  code  of  civil  laws 
for,  216  ;  the  clergy  of  the  R.  C.  church  in,  take  great 

Euns  to  preserve  the  Indians  in  the  fiutb,  283  ;  the 
ritish  regulars  ill  use  the  inhabitants  of,  567. 

Canadesagay,  227.     (see  Kaiinaudasage.) 

Canajoharie,  Rev.  Mr.  Hartwick'a  addresfi  to  the  Mo- 
hawks of,  192  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Oel,  Episcopal  minister  at, 
198.;  Rot.  Mr.  Lappius,  mini'-'or  at,  214;  Philip 
Jonathan,  Indian  scnoolmaster  at,  216  ;  cost  of  the 
Indian  church  at,  269 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Hall  declines  oom> 
iog  io,  299. 

Cauasedage,  Rev.  S.  Kirtland's  letter  from,  227. 

Candell.  Rett.  David  P.,  657. 

Canestogo  laid  waste,  240. 

Canniungaes,  why  the  Mohawks  were  called,  270. 

Cape  Breton,  Sir  Peter  Warren  bequeaths  his  pay  due 
py  Massachusetts  for  the  capture  of,  to  the  educatbu 
of  Indian  vouth,  202. 

Capital  punishments,  why  Indians  are  averse  to,  271. 

Capito,  Mattys,  wife  of,  killed  by  the  Indians,  81 ;  sec- 
retary at  the  Esopus,  45,  46,  50,  56  ;  sheriff  of  Eso- 
pus,  61. 

Carelon,  French  camp  at,  178. 

Carheil,  Rev.  Etienne  de,  190. 

Carrying  places  in  the  province  of  New  York,  112;  that 
at  Niagara  in  the  hands  of  the  French,  156. 

"  Case,  t£e,  of  the  Episcopal  churches  considered,"  (see 
Pamphltt.) 

Caahiekiunk*  an  Indian  settlement  on  the  Fbhkill,  114. 

Castor,  what,  78. 

Catholics  in  N.  Netherland,  15. 

C>Ule,  prices  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  and  in  N.  Eng.,  24 ; 
terras  on  which  settlers  obtained,  26 ;  domestic,  in  N. 
Netherland,  77. 

Caugnawaga,  father  Jognes  killed,  it  is  supposed,  at,  14. 

Cajrugas,  strength  of  the,  in  1770,  268;  Uie  symbol  of 
«Le,  271. 

Census  of  the  five  Dntch  towns  on  L.  I.,  89 ;  of  the 
province  of  New  York  ordered  to  be  taken,  108 ;  of 
the  several  counties  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  118,  et  teq., 
432. 

Center,  a  Mohawk  yonth,  sent  to  Dr.  Whedoek  to  be 
«la«fttedi  retons  Mma  and  di«ay  197. 


Chamberlain,  Rev.  Theophilus,  romomitrateB  with  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Brown  for  having  robaptizcd  children  al- 
ready chrLttened  by  Presbyterian  missionaries,  238 ; 
notice  of  the,  234 ;  explains  his  motive  for  remon- 
strating with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Brown,  235. 

Chambers,  Capt.  Thomas,  wounded  by  the  Indians,  29 ; 
magistrate  of  Esopus,  30 ;  the  Indians  kill  a  nc^ro 
belonging  to,  31 ;  supplies  horses  to  the  expedition 
against  the  Indians,  47 ;  returns  from  a  visit  to  Fori 
Orange,  54 ;  mentioned,  57,  58,  59,  60,  62. 

Chaiiibly,  in  1738,  description  of,  156. 

Champlain,  Col.,  throws  down  a  church  and  builds  a 
tavern  on  its  site,  802. 

Champlain  lake,  112 ;  the  French  erect  a  fort  near  the 
south  end  of,  114 ;  called  by  the  English,  Corlaer's 
lake,  156 ;  the  French  fort  at  Crown  Point  on,  de- 
scribed, ib.;  journals  of  scouts  around,  167,  et  seq,; 
a  petition  for  tlu  erection  of  a  new  county  on  the  east 
side  of,  858. 

Chandler,  Rev.  Dr.,  the  appeal  of,  approved  by  se'-oral 
bishops,  258 ;  about  piJblishing  a  vbJieation  of  his 
appeal,  ib. 

Charles,  Robert,  agent  of  tlio  province  of  New  York, 

I     840. 

Charlotte  county,  lord  Dunmoro  otkta  to  erect  the  pab- 
lio  buildings  of,  460 ;  petitions  to  have  Sooialborongh 
declared  the  capital  of,  470 ;  petitions  that  Skenes- 
boro'  be  the  chief  town  of,  496 ;  courts  of  common 
pleas  and  general  sessions  established  for,  512 ;  peti- 
tions of  several  inhabitants  of,  for  a  military  force  to 
protect  them  against  the  Bennington  rioters,  518  ;  ap- 
plies lor  the  privilege  of  electing  a  representative  to 
the  assembly,  536. 

Charlton,  Rev.  Mr.,  657. 

Chatham,  population  of,  471. 

Chaumonot,  Rev.  Pierre  M.,  189. 

Chaunoy,  Rev.  Dr.,  198,  202. 

Chief  Justice  of  New  York,  how  appointed,  116. 

Chittenden,  Gov.  Thos.,  promises  of,  to  the  people  of 
Cumberland  co.,  588  ;  answers  of,  to  the  queries  of 
oongress,  589. 

Church,  Col.  Timothy,  petitions  the  legislature  of  N. 
Y.  in  behalf  of  the  Vermont  sufferers,  600 

Church  of  England,  outcry  in  Pennsylvania  against  the 
bishops  and  the,  240  ;  on  a  respectable  footing  in  N< 
York,  254 ;  clergy  of  the,  in  the  state  of  N.  Y.  un- 
compromising in  their  loyalty  during  the  revolutionair 
struggle,  815;  township  granted  by  the  Ptot.  of  N. 
Y.  to  the  olcrgy  of  the,  375. 

,  the,  in  New  Amsterdam,  15,  639. 


Clarke,  Lt.  Gov.,  Ia3r8  certain  queries  before  the  council, 
107  ;  remarks  on  the  oonstitutioo  of  the  provinoe  of 
N.  York,  by,  116. 

,  ReT.  Rich'd,  879. 


INDU. 


681 


Olaos,  Tilouk.  Daniel,  itcout  of,  to  TicoDcloroga  and 
Crown  Point,  182 ;  sends  Dr.  Barclay  scopy  of  the 
old  Indian  praycr-louk,  211  ;  rtfurrod  teas  having 
a  perfect  copv  of  the  Indian  prayor<book,  21 7  ;  ooiu- 
poses  an  Indian  primer,  314. 

CUvoraok,  five  tribes  of  river  Indians  meet  noafi  54. 

Clay,  James,  calls  on  the  several  towns  in  Cumberland 
county  to  declare  whether  they  desire  to  separate  from 
NeW'Vork,  555 ;  reports  that  offbrts  are  making  to 
have  the  N.  H.  grants  formed  into  n  now  state,  556 ; 
authorized  by  N.  York  to  circulate  the  resolutions  of 
congress  dismissing  the  application  of  Vermont  to  bo 
acknowledged  an  indepoudent  state,  569 ;  report  of 
the  proceedings,  and  order  for  the  arrest  of,  570  ;  whv 
ho  was  arrested,  ib.;  sent  by  Cumberland  co.  to  N. 
York  to  report  the  difficulties  under  which  that 
county  labors,  572 ;  the  Vermont  party  make  a  levy 
on,  578. 

Cleaveland,  Rev.  Ebeneier,  biog.  notice  of,  245. 

Clench,  Robert,  introduced  to  Sir  Wra.  Johnson,  241 ; 
biographical  notice  of,  811. 

Clerks  of  the  peace,  whence  oommissioned  in  the  ProT. 
of  N.  York,  118. 

Climate  of  N.  Nethorland,  8,  16  ;  of  N.  York,  118. 

Clinton,  George,  fovemor  of  the  province  of  N.  York, 
is  notitied  that  Qov.  Wentworth  proposes  making 
grants  of  the  unimproved  lands  within  his  govern- 
ment, 881 ;  claims  the  Conneotiout  river  as  the  east 
bounds  of  N.  York,  382 ;  is  informed  by  Gov.  Went- 
worth that  he  has  granted  a  patent  for  the  township 
of  Bennington,  ib.;  explains  why  Conn,  and  Muss, 
west  bounds  approach  so  near  to  the  Hudson  river, 
883 ;  and  cliums  the  town  of  Bennington  to  be  within 
the  territory  of  N.  Y.,  ib.;  informs  Gov.  Wentworth 
that  the  government  of  N.  York  is  ready  to  ex- 
change copies  of  its  representations  to  the  king  on 
the  difference  between  them  as  to  bounds,  334 ;  Gov. 
Wentworth  promises  to  transmit  an  authentic  copy  of 
the  representation  of  New  Hampshire  to,  ib. 

,  George,  Gov.  of  the  State  of  New- York,  grants 

leave  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Stuart  to  proceed  to  Canada, 
817  ;  candidate  for  governor,  567  ;  issues  a  proclama- 
tion setting  forth  the  terms  offered  by  the  state  of  N. 
Y.  to  the  people  of  the  N.  Hampshire  grunts,  578  ; 
Cumberland  co.  petitions,  for  protection,  576 ;  Col. 
Patterson  communicates  various  instances  of  oppression 
suffered  in  Vermont  by  the  friends  of  N.  Y.  to,  578 ; 
recommends  the  latter  in  no  instance  to  acknowledge 
the  authority  of  Vermont,  579  ;  writes  to  president 
Jay  on  the  subject,  580  ;  and  informs  him  of  further 
outrages  committed  by  the  Green  Mountain  boys, 
581 ;  intends  calling  out  the  militia  for  the  protection 
of  the  people  of  Brattleboro'  unless  congress  inter- 
pose, 582 ;  president  Jay  communicates  the  action 
of  congress  thereupon  to,  ib.;  the  N.  Y.  congressional 
delegation  write  on  the  same  subject  to,  688;  presi- 
dent Jay  transmits  the  names  of  the  committee  of 
congress  appointed  to  repair  to  the  inhabitants  of  the 
N.  H.  grants,  to,  ib.;  is  obliged  to  take  the  field 
against  the  common  enemy,  584  ;  complains  of  the 
inattention  of  congress  to  the  complaints  of  N.  Y., 
Vol.  IV.  86 


and  of  sundry  insults  offered  to  the  civil  authority  of 
that  state  by  officers  in  the  service  of  the  U.  H,,  ib.j 
is  of  opiniun  that  tho  moosurn  of  the  sufferings  of  the 
atate  of  N.  Y.,  is  nearly  full,  585  ;  remonstrates,  also, 
with  tho  congressional  delegation  on  the  same  subject, 
586 ;  ooniniunicates  to  Ge^  Washington  his  intention 
of  convening  the  state  legislature  fur  the  purpose  of 
vindicating  the  authority  of  government,  and  renucts 
tho  return  of  sundry  field  pieces  loaned  to  tho  V.  H. 
army,  ib.;  transmits  to  the  legislature  of  New- York 
tho  act  of  congress  for  settling  the  disturbance))  in  tho 
N.  K.  district  of  that  state,  tJOO ;  communicates  his 
advice  to  the  committee  of  Cumberland  co.,  607  ;  ad- 
vises reprisals  on  tho  opponents  of  the  state  in  the  N. 
H.  grants,  should  they  attack  tho  friends  of  N.  Y., 
608 ;  and  reports  the  ill  conduct  of  Kthan  Allen  to 
congress,  600. 

Clinton,  township  of,  appropriated  to  the  Vermont  suf- 
ferers, 611. 

Cochrane,  Rob't,  and  others  forcibly  eject  granted*  under 
N.  Y  f^om  their  lands,  489;  ordered  to  be  arrested, 
456 ;  mentioned,  520 

Cock,  Pieter,  employed  against  the  Indians,  9. 

Cockcroft,  Col.,  178. 

Cognawaghes,  192.  ;    ' 

Cohoes  falls  referred  to,  16. 

CoLDEN,  Cadwallader,  ordered  to  answer  certain  queries 
on  (he  state  of  the  province  of  New- York,  108  ;  ob- 
servations on  the  soil,  climate,  water  communications, 
Ac,  of  the  Prov.  of  New- York,  by.  109 ;  observa- 
tions on  the  attorney-general's  report  on  the  eastern 
boundary  of  New- York,  presented  by,  389  ;  issues  a 
proclamation  claiming  the  Connecticut  river  to  be  tho 
East  bounds  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  York,  846  ;  lays  be* 
fore  tho  board  of  trade  the  state  of  the  dispute  be- 
tween N.  York  and  N.  Hampshire  as  to  boundary, 
848,  851 ;  transmits  Gov.  Wentworth's  proclamation 
to  the  board  of  trade,  ivnd  pronounces  the  grants  under 
New  Hampshire  west  of  Connecticut  river  to  be  found- 
ed in  jobbing  and  fraud,  354 ;  sheriff  Schuyler  ac- 
quaints, that  he  had  arrested  several  persons  belonging 
to  New  Hampshire  who  had  forcibly  ejected  sundry 
tenants  on  the  Hoosiok  patent,  856 ;  issues  a  procla- 
mation for  the  arrest  of  James  Breakenridge  and 
others,  879  ;  calls  the  attention  of  Lord  Hillsboro'  to 
the  order  forbidr^Ing  the  granting  patents  for  land  al- 
ready granted  by  N.  Hampshire,  882;  states  that 
Qoy,  Moore  always  exacted  fbes  fbr  grants'  of  land, 
888 ;  complaint  of  Judge  Wells  made  to,  ib.;  in- 
formed that  Gen.  Gage  declines  to  call  out  the  military 
against  the  N.  Hampshire  rioters,  534  ;  transmits  to 
Lord  Dartmouth  an  aoeouat  of  the  condition  of  affairs 
on  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  535 ;  Lord  Dartmouth 
informs,  that  he  still  disapproves  of  calling  out  the 
troops,  537 ;  informs  Lord  Dartmouth  of  the  pro- 
gress of  the  Bennington  rioters,  560 ;  and  that  they 

.  have  captured  Forts  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point, 
668. 

Colden,  sundry  petitions  for  the  erection  of  fl  new  county 
to  be  called,  858. 

College,  King's,  a  township  granted  to,  876  ,891 ;  order 


tf82 


IROIX. 


fur  llio  lottloiUQUt  of  tlio  towDahip  lolongtng  to,  40U ; 
olmrter  of,  lignod,  03&, 

Coluuiu:*,  infurinatiou  fur  tLo  plantins  of,  in  Now  Nothor- 
lunJ,  10 ;  titio  of  a  raro  politiual  pumpklut  on  tko, 
(too  Vamphkt.) 

Oulviu,  Olivur,  bauUhod  fruiu  Vormout  fur  buing  on  old 
Yorker,  676. 

Coniinut)  Prayer,  Book  of,  iu  the  Mohawk  language, 
(»co  Prayer  Book.) 

Oomuanipaw,  60. 

Congress,  thu  Continental,  tko  people  uf  the  N,  II. 
grants  send  iu  tlieir  adhesion  to,  555  ;  some  uieniLors 
of,  I'uusultod  ou  the  Bubivot  of  forming  the  N.  II. 
gruuti  into  a  now  state,  ib.;  reported  to  have  autho- 
rized Col.  Warner  and  others  to  raise  a  regiment  in- 
dependent of  N.  Y.,  556 ;  the  resolutions  of,  discoun- 
tenancing the  projects  of  Vermont  to  bo  independent 
of  Now  York,  568 ;  are  ordered  by  the  N.  Y.  com. 
of  safety  to  bo  distributed  through  the  eastern  part  of 
thu  state,  500 ;  Capt.  Clay  arrested  for  circulating 
the  resolution!  of,  570  ;  resolves  to  send  a  oommitteu 
to  tho  inhabitants  of  the  N.  II.  grants  to  inquire  why 
thcv  refuse  to  continue  citizens  of  tho  resp  3ctivo  states 
whith  hcictuforo  exorcised  jurifdiclion  over  them,  588; 
iustructionM  of,  to  tho  committee  sent  to  the  N.  II. 
grunts,  587  ;  letter  of  tho  committee  of,  to  the  com- 
uittco  uf  Cumberland  co.,  588 ;  Qov.  Chittenden's 
answers  to  tho  committee  of,  580  ;  resolutions  of,  rc- 
commcuding  the  states  of  New  Hump^thire,  Mansachu- 
setts  and  New- York  to  pass  laws  authorizing  congress 
to  hear  and  determine  all  differences  between  them 
relative  to  their  respeotivo  boundaries,  50U ;  notes  of 
the  proceedings  of  the  first,  647,  et  seq. 

Connecticut,  why  the  wc»t  bounds  of  the  I'rov.  of,  ap- 
proach so  near  Hudson  river,  833,  334. 

,  river,  called  by  tho  Dutch,  the  Fresh  river,  3  ; 

Lt.  Gov.  Colden  claims  the,  to  bo  the  east  bounds  of 
tho  ProT.  of  N.  York,  346 ;  the  western  banks  of, 
declared  by  the  king  in  council  to  bo  the  boundary 
between  the  provinces  of  New- York  and  Now  Hamp- 
shire, 355;  petitions  for  the  erection  of  sundry  new 
counties  on  tho  west  side  of,  358,  850,  360  ;  report 
of  the  committee  of  the  council  of  N.  Y.  on  the  said 
petitions,  361  ;  number  of  men  fit  to  bear  arms  on 
tho  west  side  of  the,  and  within  the  province  of  N. 
York,  368  ;  person.^  having  valid  deeds  under  New 
Hampshire  not  to  bo  disturbed  in  tho  grants  on  the 
west  side  of,  365 ;  not  two  hundred  and  fifty  souls 
settled  on  the  west  side  of,  871 ;  cost  of  a  township 
on,  ib.;  petition  praying  for  the  confirmation  by  Now 
York  of  oertun  N.  Hampshire  grants  on  the  west  side 
of,  400  ;  the  head  waters  of,  explored,  430  ;  New- 
York  reiterates  its  right  to  the  lands  west  of  the, 
456. 

Gonnoquwa,  201. 

Oonnor,  James,  report  of  his  scout  on  Lake  George, 
178 ;  joins  another  scouting  party,  180. 

Oonnosomothdian,  200;  a  place  between  Connequaga 
and  Tuscarora  oastle,  201. 

Constable,  Dr.,  of  Schenectady,  805. 

Cooper,  Rev.  Eiekiel,  657.       :  ,  . :  ; 


Cuujiur,  Rev.  Mylos,  260;  rinits  Kurt  Juhn«on,  why,  206; 
highly  cMtoumed  by  Mir  Wm.  Juhnnon,  267;  letter 
fruin  Sir  Wm.  to,  rcKpocting  Rev.  Mr.  OrifTilh,  275  ; 
sails  tu  England,  201,  204;  Col.  Henry  Habcook's 
letter  to,  iirupuHlng  lo  tuku  huly  urders  and  tu  estab- 
lish an  I'.piscopal  seminary  among  thu  Six  Natiuus, 
802. 

Corlner's  Iluok,  attack  on  the  Indians  at,  7,  66. 

Corluer's  Lake,  called  by  tho  Frcach,  Lake  Champlain, 
150. 

Coroners  of  tho  Prov.  of  Now  York,  whence  eommis- 
siuned,  116. 

Curson,  Annt,  scut  by  Kieft  to  Holland  with  tpccimons 
of  tho  minerals  of  Now  Nethorland,  75 ;  drowned,  76. 

Cosnr,  Gov.,  dies  almost  univurHully  detested,  158. 

Couwouhovcn,  Lt.     (see,  Vuti  Coimmhurtn.) 

Cowass,  a  niurder  committed  between  u[>per  and  lower, 
360. 

Cows,  price  of,  iu  N.  Nethcrlond,  32;  in  N.  Eng.,  24. 

Cronz,  David,  author  of  the  hii'tory  of  Greenland,  237. 

Crea,  Rev.  ,John,  657. 

Cieation,  the  Indian's  ideas  of  the,  83. 

Crogl  an,  Geo.,  introduces  Rev.  Wm.  Andrews  to  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson,  263  ;  some  notice  of,  ib. 

Croniuio-scc  Vly,  in  tho  city  of  Now  York,  050. 

Crops,  rotation  of,  in  N.  Nethorland,  23. 

Crown  Point,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  1 14  ;  thu  French 
fort  ut,  156  ;  description  of,  ib.;  a  party  sent  to  recon- 
noitre the  French  rort  at,  160;  dislanco  of,  f^'oni  the 
lowor  end  of  Lake  George,  ib.;  reports  of  scouts  to, 
175,  180,  182,  183, 184;  table  of  tho  distances  from 
Albany  to,  185  ;  reduced  by  the  English,  345 ;  names 
of  tho  inhabitants  of  the  district  of,  407 ;  entirely 
demolished,  512;  captured  by  tho  Green  Mountain 
boys,  553. 

Cruger,  Mr.,  cho.sen  Kpeakcr  of  New  York  as.scnibly,  257. 

Cumberland  county,  ordinance  establishing  courts  in, 
364  ;  names  of  the  civil  oflicurs  appointed  for,  ib.; 
Gov.  Mooro  encourages  the  culture  of  potash,  and 
hemp,  and  at  his  own  expense  erects  a  church  in,  308  ; 
act  ercctins,  disallowed,  375  ;  list  of  tho  judges,  &c,, 
appointed  tor,  377  ;  oflRccrsof,  obstructed  in  the  per- 
formance of  their  duty,  302,  304,  807,  et  seq.,  (sec 
Grout,  John,)  petition  in  opposition  to  one  praying 
for  the  rc-annexation  of,  to  N.  H.,  400 ;  petition 
against  licing  annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  transmit- 
ted by  Gov.  Dunmoro  to  Lord  Hillsboro,  414;  cen- 
sus of,  432  ;  an  account  of  a  riot  in,  461 ;  civil  ofii- 
cers  for,  471 ;  the  people  of,  demand  tho  privilege  of 
electing  a  representative  to  tho  assembly  of  N.  Y., 
405 ;  the  inhabitants  of,  demand  that  the  several  town- 
ships held  by  them  under  N.  Hampshiro  boeonfirmcd 
under  the  great  seal  of  N.  Y.,  408  ;  particulars  of 
another  riot  in,  544  ;  the  civil  officers  of,  petition  the 
gov't  of  N.  Y.  for  the  payment  of  sundry  expenses 
incurred  in  the  public  service,  552;  with  Gloucester 
proposed  to  form  a  new  state,  555 ;  tho  sevei-al  towns 
of,  invited  to  declare  whether  they  wish  to  revolt  from 
N.  York,  ib.;  the  inhabitants  of,  submitted  to  the 
jurisdiction  of  N.  Y.  until  the  commencement  of  the 
revolution,  558 ;  the  greater  part  of  the  people  of,  who 


INDIX. 


083 


own  |)ri)|H)rly,  arc  ntlnnhml  tu  N.  T.,  M'\;  iliingornun  to 
Kiivttk  ugitinsl  II  iitiw  Mtuto  iu  »oiiui  part.i  uf,  il>. ;  tho  roo- 
jiIk  iif  r)><'oiiiiiii>ni|<<il  til  fiirin  nei  nssociniion  for  iclt-iln. 
funce,  Tidtl;  appUns  to  N.  Y.  fur  |iriiti!<'ti<in  uguiiiKt  tlio 
protoiiiliid  »t«tu  'li  VuriiKiiit,  bl(\ ;  purticiiluri  of  ttiu 
uriuvuiiouH  of,  f»"7,  •■/  itu.i  suvorul  unioerN  (if,  nrruiilud 
Tiy  Kthun  Allu'.i,  Ml;  a  letter  of  tliuuoiiiiiiitlou  uf  con* 
gru!i.Htu,ri8S;  priiiiitNOof  (iov.  IMiittoiiilt'ii  to,  i')HH;  po* 
tition  uf  the  lovorul  towim  ot,  to  cungruiM  praving  it  to 
intorforu  in  acttliiig  lliu  liistturliaiicoN  in  thu  N .  1 1 .  grantN, 
5UUi  certfttu  inhabitaiitK  uf,  Bppl>  tu  tho  IcginUturu  of  N . 


V.  for  imlomnity  fur  tho  Injuries  th«v  rrc-oixil  from 
thti  protcmloii  itato  of  Vermont,  OO'J,  ttOi),  ()14  ;  (iov. 
Clihlxn  (>oniniiinirRt(>!i  tho  liiopo^iloti  of  N.  Y.  to  thn 
('■iiiiniitlucN  of,  (i()7  ;  anil  xtntoii  thnthc  hiui  rnniniuni- 
I'iiti'il  to  I'ongrcKH  tho  partiuulnrN  of  tho  Uto  outrngo 
ooniihiltuil  hy  Kthan  Allun  in,  tl<)i>;  lint  of  thu  in< 
hnliilAntg  (if,  who  havu  lufTi'mi  hy  thu  nulhority  of 
Viiriiiont,  (111);  coniim  in  1771  of  ihn  iievvral  town* 
of,  tl-23. 
(^iiylvr,  CornoliuH,  tnhlo  of  di^tnncoN  from  Crown  I'nint 
to  Alhnny  cuuipiluil  l>y,  l96. 


I\ 


Dablon,  Kov.  Claudo,  100. 

Dnniun.  Jan  Jitm*,  appointod  church  warden  %t  Now 
Anmtcrdam,  70. 

Daubcy,  number  of  fnniilicit  in  tho  townithip  of,  802. 

Danforth,  ThoinoM,  a  pa.in  to  Mr.  Willard  and,  to  go  to 
Lulce  Superior  to  ohierve  tho  trnnnit  of  Venus,  260. 

Paniikanicr,  tho,  whoro,  48. 

Dartiiiuuth,  Lord,  dlHCountcnnnncs  tho  intorponition  of  a 
militiiry  fon-o  to  support  tho  titli'H  to  land  in  dispute 
in  tho  northern  part  of  tho  I'rov.  of  N.  Y.,  •1!)4  ; 
approves  of  tho  plan  of  tho  board  of  trade  tbt  tho 
settlement  t.f  thu  difficulties  on  tho  Now  Humpshire 
grants,  .502  ;  informs  (jov.  Tryon  that  his  majesty 
disapprores  of  calling  out  th«  military  against  tho 
New  Hampshire  rioters,  ."JIS;  Lt.  Gov.  Coldcn  trans- 
mits an  account  of  tho  disorganization  existing  on  tho 
N.  H.  grants  to,  635  ;  again  declines  authorizing  the 
colling  out  the  troops,  fl.'}7  ;  Lt.  Gov.  Golden  reports 
to,  further  outrages  committed  by  tho  Bennington 
rioters,  5.'S0  ;  and  that  they  have  captured  fort  Ticon- 
doroga  and  Crown  Point,  658. 

Davets,  Jan,  an  Indian  interpreter,  arrives  at  Esopus, 
85  ;  sent  to  sorao  Esopus  Indians,  80. 

Davids,  Christoffel,  an  Indian  interpreter,  ordered  (o 
Esopus,  40 ;  arrives  from  tho  Manhatans,  42  ;  nego- 
tiates with  tho  Indians,  48  ;  accompanies  an  expedi- 
tion against  tho  Esopus  Indians,  47  ;  loaves  Esopus, 
49. 

Deoso,  Dr.,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  physioian,  808,  812. 

Decker,  Hon.  Mr.  do,  arrives  at  Esopus,  86  ;  assists  at 
a  council  of  war,  86 ;  returns  to  the  Manhatans,  37, 
42. 

Deer,  habits  of  the,  77. 

Do  la  Garde,  Rev.  P.  P.  Frs..  100. 

De  la  >Iontagno.     (see  Montagne.) 

De  Lancey,  Lt.  Gov.,  issues  a  proclamation  for  the 
settlement  of  tho  country  between  Fort  Edward  and 
Lake  George,  ^46  ;  biographical  memoir  of,  626. 

Delaware  Indians,  the,  opposed  to  tho  Engliiih  building 
a  fort  at  Onoghquage,  195. 

river,  called  the  South  river,  3j  falls  of  tho,  ib.; 

the  head  waters  of  the.  111. 

Delislo,  II  T.  Mr.,  Episcopal  clergyman  at  Montreal, 
320. 

Devil  worship,  83. 

De  Vrios,  Capt.  Jan,  drowned,  70. 

De  Wit,  Tjorck  Clasen.  29, 30,  31, 37,  50;  his  daughter 
taken  prisoner  by  tho  Indians,  31. 


Dilcu,  Rov.  Jnpi|nes,  190. 

Diandoroga,  2H2. 

Diblilce,  Uflv,  Ebonnier,  614. 

Dii'skau,  Hari)n,dcfcotod,4H7  ;  fome  particulars nf,  488. 

Diondarngo,  182. 

Diondaroga,  188. 

niondorogo,  182. 

Diontarogo,  182. 

Dionlorogo,   182.     (see  Ticonderoga.) 

Doolitllc,  ('apt.,  journal  of  his  scout  to  Tiondorogo, 
176. 

Dorset,  a  convention  at,  declares  the  necc.'sity  of  form- 
ing the  N.  H.  grunts  into  a  separate  district,  and  scuds 
its  adherence  to  the  continental  congress,  554. 

Doughty,  Rev.  John,  succoods  Mr.  Andrews  as  minister 
of  Schenectady,  306 ;  biographical  sketch  of,  il). 

Draper,  number  of  families  in  the  township  of,  °{U2. 

Duano,  James,  220, 370;  married  Mary  Livingston,  279, 
644;  mention  of,  404,  405;  memoir  of,  641. 

Duanesburgh,  township  of,  erected,  645;  Episcopal 
church  of,  consecrated,  054. 

DuwMoRE,  Lord,  Gov.  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  tho 
Church  of  England  in  N.  Y.  specially  recommended 
to  the  protection  of,  281 ;  takes  very  little  notice  of 
the  rccotiimendation,  2H4 ;  issues  a  proclamation  for 
the  arrest  of  Silas  Robinson  and  others,  405  ;  letter 
of,  to  Lord  Ilillsboro' with  petitions  from  the  counties 
of  Cumberland  and  Glocestor  against  being  annexed 
to  N.  Hampshire,  414. 

Dunning,  Rov.  Benjamin,  205. 

Du  Parck,  Jan,  surgeon,  wounded  at  Esopus,  32  ;  re- 
turns to  the  Manhatans,  87. 

Duporron,  Rev.  Frs.,  189. 

Durham,  tho  town  of,  originally  settled  by  Col.  Lidius, 
575 ;  subjected  to  the  authority  of  the  pretended 
state  of  Vermont,  ib. 

Dutch,  the,  humane  treatment  of  the  Indians  hj,  7 ; 
attack  the  Indians  at  Corlaer's  Hook  and  Pavonia,  7, 
66 ;  make  peace  with  the  Indians,  8 ;  lay  waste  the 
Indian  plantations  on  Staten  Island,  9 ;  send  an  ex- 
pedition against  the  Indians  of-Xong  Island  and 
Wostchester,  10 ;  two  score  of,  killed  by  the  Indians 
in  1643,  15  ;  date  of  the  first  coming  to  N.  Neth- 
erland  of,  16 ;  slaughter  several  hundred  Indians,  17 ; 
defeat  the  Esopus  Indians  and  release  their  christian 
captives,  48 ;  (see  Etopus  Indians)  surrender  N. 
Netherland,  83. 

ProTinoes,  motto  o  'the  United,  5. 


684 


INSSX. 


Dutch  towns  on  Long  Island,  assessment  rolls  of  the  I  Dutohess  eo.,  census  of,  in  1788,  118;  names  of  the 
five,  00.  I     fireeholdera  of,  in  1740, 184. 


£a8tabrook.  Rev.  Hobart,  205. 

Ebel,  Serg't  Pieter,  serves  at  Esopus,  83 ;  sent  out 

sooutiog,  84. 
Bden,  Sir  Bob't,  the  last  royal  governor  of  Maryland, 

biographical  memoir  of,  296. 

,  Wm.,  206,  (see  Auckland,  Lord.) 

Eells,  Rev.  Nathaniel,  ^'04. 

Eight  men,  the,  elected  at  New  Amsterdam,  8. 

Elections,  triennial,  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  reasons  in 

support  of,  167 ;  when,  septennial  in  the  Prov.  of 

N.  Y.,  165. 
Elk,  habits  of  the,  77  ;  derivation  of  the  Dutch  name 

of  the,  ib. 
Emigrants,  proper  season  when  they  should  sail  to  N.  N., 

22  ;  rules  to  bo  observed  by,  in  preparing  wild  land, 

23 ;  first,  to  New  Netherland,  84. 
English,  the,  settle  in  N.  Netherland,  4 ;   bonweries, 

number  of  in  N.  Netherland,  ib ;  fumbh  guns  to  the 


Indians,  5 ;  of  N.  Netherland  enlbtod  by  the  Dutch 
against  the  Indians,  8 ;  prefer  holding  lands  under  the 
Dutch,  15  ;  reduce  N.  Netherland,  88. 

Episcopal  churches  in  America,  Case  of  the,  considered, 
by  Rev.  (afterwards  Bishop)  White,  818. 

Esopus,  journal  of  the  second  war  at,  the,  27  ;  particu- 
lars of  the  massacre  of  the  settlers  at  the,  29; 
settlers  at  the,  refuse  to  supply  wagons  to  the  military 
at  that  post,  87  ;  settlors  forbidden  to  remove  from 
the,  40  ;  regulation  for  the  sale  of  strong  drink  at 
the,  42  ;  the  settlers,  of,  warned  not  to  labor  in  the 
fields  without  a  guard,  43  ;  the  harvest  at,  much  in- 
jured by  the  August  storm,  44  ;  journal  of  Gapt. 
Kregicr  s  voyage  from  the  Manhatans  to  the,  61 ; 
ordinance  prohibiting  the  firing  of  guns  on  new  year's 
day  at  the,  62 ;  Capt.  Kregicr  finally  sails  from  the,  ib. 

Essay,  (see  Pamphlet.) 

Eyres,  Major,  builds  fort  William  Henry,  825. 


Fales,  Capt.  Eliphalet,  report  of  his  scout  near  Lake 
George,  183. 

Fall  of  the  leaf,  the  pleasant  season  in  the  Prov.  of  N. 
Y.,  113. 

Fish,  Rev.  Joseph,  204. 

Fishes  of  N.  Netherland,  8,  79. 

Fishkill,  a  branch  of  the  Delaware,  114. 

Flatbush  in  1675,  assessment  roll  of,  97  ;  Census  of  in 
1788, 120;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of,  in  1738, 122. 

Flatlands,  assessment  roll  of,  in  1675,  100 ;  population 
of,  in  1738,  120 ;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of,  in 
1738,  124. 

Fonda,  Lieut.  Jelles,  reports  the  mutiny  of  his  scouting 
party,  174. 

Forbes,  Rev.  Mr.,  265. 

Fordham,  Rev.  Mr.,  of  Heemstede,  67. 

Fort  Amsterdam,  4 ;  description  of,  15  ;  when  first  bo- 
gun,  16. 

Craven,  burnt  by  Gen.  Webb,  825. 

Edward,  dimensions  of,  824  ;  courts  of  Char- 
lotte county  to  be  holden  at,  512. 

Frederick,  a  party  sent  to  reconnoitre,  169. 

Good  Hope,  4. 

Hunter,  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  intends  to  defeat  the 


design  of  Hczckiah  Galvm  teaching  at,  232 ;  names 
of  the  scholars  at  the  Mohawk  school  at,  261 ;  Rev 
Mr.  Andrews  missionary  to,  318  ;  Rev.  John  Stuart 
missionary  to,  814. 

Nassaw,  4. 


Newport,  825. 


Fort  Orange,  4 ;  a  boat  belonging  to,  plundered  by 
the  Wnppingers,  8  ;  description  of,  in  1644,  16. 

Stanwix,  papers  relating  to  the  erection  of,  323. 

William  Henry,  time  occupied  in  building,  825. 

Foster,  Rev.  Benjamin,  657. 

Fowler,  David,  an  Indian  teacher,  ordered  to  accompany 
Sampson  Occom  into  the  Oneida  countnr,  197 ;  no- 
tice of,  223 ;  introduced  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson,  226 ; 
returns  to  Lebanon,  231. 

,  Rev.  Jacob,  an  Indian  preacher,  notice  of,  232. 

Rev.  Joseph,  of  East  Hadhani,  205. 


Franklin,  Benjamin,  draws  up  apian  in  1754,  for  the 
union  of  the  N.  A.  Prov.,  635 ;  which  is  proposed 
by  Mr.  Galloway  for  the  adoption  of  the  congress  of 
1774,  and  rejected,  647. 

Franklin,  Gov.,  elected  a  member  of  the  Soo.  fbr  Prop, 
the  gospel,  288. 

Frazer,  Brig.  Gen.,  a  notice  of,  640. 

Freehold,  Upper,  Rev.  David  Jones,  pastor  of  the  Bap- 
tist church  at,  300. 

Freeman,  Rev.  Mr.,  translates  the  English  liturgy,  &o., 
into  the  Mohawk  language,  313. 

Freemasons,  proposed  meeting  of,  at  Johnstown  alluded 
to,  233. 

Fremin,  Rev.  .Jacques,  190. 

French,  the,  surrendered  all  claim  to  the  Five  Nations 
by  the  treaty  of  Utrecht,  114 ;  forts  and  settlements 
in  and  near  the  province  of  New- York,  belonging  to, 
156. 

Fresh  river,  the,  Z,  15. 


G. 


Gage,  Gen.,  partionlars  of  the  mtr^cs  of  the  N.  E. 
missionaries  at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix  communi- 
cated to,  250  ;  declines  to  afford  military  aid  to  put 
down  the  N.  H.  rioters,  534. 

Gaino,  Hugh,  undertekesto  complete  the  printing  of  the 


Indian  prayer-book,  242 ;  biographical  memoir  of, 
ib.;  gives  further  information  respecting  the  Indian 
prayer-book,  249;  completes  the  printing  of  the  Indian 
prayer  book,  254  ;  letter  of,,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 
258  ;  sends  in  the  account  for  printing  the  do.,  262. 


IMDIX. 


686 


Galloway,  Mr.,  proposes  in  the  congress  of  1774,  the 
Albany  plan  of  a  union  of  the  colonies  drawn  up  in 
1754,  647. 

Gandawage,  or  Gannawagc,  14. 

Garde,  (see  De  la  Garde.) 

Gamier,  Rev.  Julien,  189. 

Gazette,  the  New  York,  209. 

Gemonapa,  or  Commuuipa,  the  Indians  of,  kill  two 
Dutchmen,  59. 

Geneva,  antiontly  Gauadesage,  227. 

George,  Lake,  called  L.  St.  Sacrament,  14  ;  extent  of 
the  carrying  place  between  the  Hudson  river  and, 
112  ;  journals  of  scouts  around  Lake  Champlain  and, 
169,  et  seq.;  proclamation  for  the  settlement  of  the 
country  between  Fort  Edward  and,  556. 

Glocestor  county,  erected,  390 ;  civil  ofBcers  for,  391 ; 
military  officers  for,  recommended,  ib.;  petition  to  the 
king  from,  406  ;  census  of,  432 ;  names  of  the  heads 
of  families  in,  433  ;  civil  officers  of,  467  ;  the  in- 
habitants of,  demand  that  their  township  bo  confirmed 
by  N.  Y.,  498  ;  proposed  with  Cumberland  to  forma 
new  state,  555  ;  the  inhabitants  of,  submitted  to  the 
jurisdiction  of  N.  Y.,  until  the  comiuencement  of  the 
revolution,  558 ;  record  of  the  organization  of,  622. 

God,  the  Indians'  ideas  of,  83. 

Godyn,  Samuel,  explores  the  coasts  of  NewNetherland, 
75. 

Godyn's  bay,  75. 

Gold  mines  of  N.  Nctherland,  16,  176. 

Good  Hope,  Fort,  4. 

Gordon,  Rev.  Anthony,  190. 

Goshen,  population  of,  in  1738, 119. 

Grain  raised  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  variety  of,  113. 


Gramercy  park,  N.  Y.,  supposed  origin  of  the  name,  650. 

GrandviK  submission  of  the  people  of,  to  the  state  of 
New  York,  606. 

Graves,  Rev.  John,  302. 

,  Rev.  Matthew,  missionary  at  New  London, 

198,  205 ;  congratulates  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  the 
settlement  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Moscley  at  Johnstown, 
301 ;  biographical  notice  of,  302. 

Gravesend,  population  of,  in  1738, 120  ;  names  of  the 
inhabitants  of,  in  1738, 126.  (see  Moody,  Sir  Hetiry.) 

Green,  Capt.,  observations  of,  on  a  plan  of  a  fort  to  i)e 
built  at  the  Oneida  carrying  place,  823 ;  ordered  to 
Albany,  325 ;  Col.  Montresor's  answer  to  the  obser- 
vations of,  ib. 

Greenland,  history  of,  by  David  Cranz,  237. 

Green-mountain  boys,  Robert  Cochran,  captain  of  the, 
548,  549,  550  ;  forts  Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point 
seized  by  the,  553 ;  formed  into  a  batallion  by  the 
N.  Y.  Prov.  congress,  554  ;  extend  the  spirit  of  dis- 
affection to  N.  Y.,  and  excite  among  the  people  of  the 
N.  H.  grants  a  spirit  of  total  independence,  558. 
(see  Allen,  Ethan;  N.  H.  Grants.)  ' 

Greenwich,  9. 

Griffith,  Rev.  David,  minister  of  Glocester,  N.  J., 
biog.  memoir  of,  275  ;  bishop  elect  of  Virginia,  319. 

Gross,  Rev.  Jno.,  657. 

Grout,  Jno.,  petition  complaining  of  a  violent  assault 
committed  on,  391  ;  affidavit  of,  392. 

Gueslis,  Rev.  Frs.  Vaillant  de,  190. 

Guilford,  the  inhabitants  of  the  town  of,  apply  to'*  a  pfi- 
tent  under  New  York,  476 ;  names  of  the  inhabitants 
of,  477. 

Guns,  sold  by  the  English  aud  Dutch  to  the  Indians,  6. 


H. 


Hacklngsack,  otherwise  called  Achtercol,  6  ;  the  Indians 
of,  attacked,  7 ;  the  Indians  of,  send  intelligence  to 
those  of  E.sopus,  34 ;  some  of  the  Indians  of,  serve 
with  the  Dutch  against  those  of  the  Esopus,  53. 

Hackquinsaoks,  the,  65. 

Haldimaud,  Gen.,  refuses  to  furnish  troops  to  aid  the 
civil  authority  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  511. 

Half  Moon,  Hudson  sails  in  the  yacht,  the,  75. 

Hall,  Ralph  and  Mary,  trial  of,  at  N.  York,  for  witch- 
craft, 85. 

,  Rev.  Mr.,  269,  274 ;  declines  going  to  Cana- 

joharie,  299. 

Hamilton,  Rev.  Adam,  657. 

Hanna,  Rev.  Win.,  settles  as  a  lawyer  at  Schenectady, 
biographical  notice  of,  236  ;  desires  to  conform  to  the 
churchof  England,  278  ;  testimonials  of,  279  ;  moral 
character  of,  281 ;  is  admitted  to  holy  orders  in  the 
Ch.  of  England,  296 ;  repairs  to  Virginia  in  search  of 
a  living,  307. 

Hahdt,  Gov.  resigns,  636. 

Harrison,  Catherine,  complaint  against,  for  being  a  witch, 
87 ;  discharged,  88. 

Hartwick,  Rev.  J.  C,  project  of,  for  the  better  peopling 
and  defending  North  America,  191 ;  address  of,  to 
the  Mohawks,  102 ;  address  to  the  king  proposed  to 
the  Mohawks  by,  in  his  own  favor,  193. 


Harvest,  the,  when  it  begins  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  113. 

Haverstraw,  population  of,  in  1738, 119. 

Hawley,  Jehiel,  and  James  Brackenridgc  sent  to  Lon- 
don as  agents  for  the  people  on  the  N.  H.  grants,  487. 

Heatlicote,  Caleb,  notice  of,  628. 

,  Gilbert,  628. 

Hebron,  Rev.  Mr.  Peters  missionary  of,  391. 

Hemp,  can  be  produced  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  York,  113 ; 
culture  of,  encouraged,  368. 

Hempstead,  L.  I.,  the  Indians  of,  attacked  by  the  Dutch, 
10 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Fordham  of,  67  ;  Indians  of,  attacked, 
ib.     (see  Underhill.) 

Hendricksen,  Jan,  mutinies  at  Esopus,  39  ;  pardoned,  40. 

Hieroglyphics,  some  Indian,  explained,  273. 

Highest  land  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  exclusive  of  the 
mountains,  112. 

Highlands,  names  of  the  militia  men  of  the,  154. 

Hillsboro,  Lord,  Gov.  Moore  informs,  that  he  still  re- 
fuses to  grant  any  lands  on  the  west  side  of  Connec- 
ticut river,  377.  (see  Colden,  Lt.  Gov.;  Dunmore; 
Try  on.) 

Hind,  Rev.  Richard,  biographical  notioe  of  the,  810. 

Hiroquois,  16. 

Hogelandors,  the,  65. 

Holland,  places  in,  whose  iahabitants  are  beat  adapted 
for  immigrants,  25. 


«8« 


INDlX. 


Honoyman,  Mr.,  of  Rhode  Island,  302. 

Hoosio,  sundry  tenants  on  the  patent  of,  ejected  by  per- 
sons from  New  Uampsliire,  356. 

Horses,  price  of  in  N.  Netherland  and  in  N.  England, 
24;  whence  imported,  76. 

Hough,  Rev.  Benj.  a  justice  of  the  peace,  most  cruelly 
whipped  by  the  Bennington  mob,  537,  ct  seq.;  a  cer- 
tificate granted  to,  of  his  having  received  such  punish- 
ment, 541 ;  petitions  the  Gov.  of  N.  Y.  for  redress, 
651. 

Hubbard,  Rev.  Bela,  75. 

Hudson,  Henry,  the  first  discoverer  of  N.  Ni  therland. 


Imbroch,  Mde  van,  taken  prboner  by  the  Indians  at 
Jjsopus,  81 ;  escapes,  35  ;  guides  a  party  of  Dutch 
soldiers  against  the  Indians,  37. 

Immigrants,  proper  time  for,  to  sail  to  New  Netherland, 
22 ;  rules  to  be  followed  by,  in  clearing  land,  23  ; 
and  in  building  houses,  ib.;  supplies  necessary  for,  23 ; 
classes  of  persons  best  qualified  to  be,  24. 

Independency  declared  by  the  N.  Hampshire  grants,  5G0. 

Indian  affairs,  secretary  for,  how  appointed,  116;  an- 
swers of  the  commissioners  of,  to  queries  submitted 
to  them,  155. 

fort,  description  of  an,  in  the  Esopus  country, 

85,  48. 

words  introduced  into  the  Dutch  vocabulary,  43, 


54,  65,  67 

Indians,  personal  appearance  and  dress  of  the,  3 ; 
polity  of,  4  ;  treated  with  too  much  familiarity  by 
the  Dutch,  5 ;  the  Dutch  resolve  on  war  against 
the,  6 ;  accused  of  conspiring  agninst  director  Kicft, 
ib.;  refuse  satisfaction  for  murders  which  they  com- 
mitted, 7  ;  of  Witqucscheck,  attacked  by  the  Mahi- 
cxnders,  take  refuge  among  the  Dutch,  ib.;  direc- 
tor Kieft  urged  to  attack  the,  ib.;  at  Corker's 
Hook  and  Pavonia  attacked  by  the  Dutch,  ih.;  urged 
to  massacre  the  christians,  8 ;  peace  concluded  be- 
tween the  Dutch  and  the,  ib.;  attack  the  Dutch  at 
Pavonia,  ib.;  to  the  northeast  of  Manhattans  attacked 
by  the  Dutch,  9 ;  operations  against  the  Long  Island, 
ib.,  10;  operations  against  the  Westchester,  ib.;  de- 
scription of  an  attack  on  the  Westchester,  ib.;  a  num- 
ber of  christians  killed  in  1643,  by  the,  15  ;  numbers 
of  the,  destroyed  in  the  war  with  the  Dutch,  17 ; 
names  of  the  several  tribes  of,  near  Fort  Orange,  16, 
17 ;  massacre  the  christians  at  the  Esopus,  29 ;  at- 
tack a  party  of  soldiers  near  Rondout,  30 ;  of  Esopus, 
parley  with  the  Dutch  at  Wildwyck,  33  ;  retire  east 
of  Maedalen  Island,  ib.;  skirmish  between  the  Dutch 
and  the  Esopus,  and  the  latter  defeated  at  Red  Hook, 
84;  and  plundered,  ih.;  of  Sagers  Kill  friendly  to 
the  Dutch,  ib.;  of  Hackinsack  send  intelligence  to  the 
Esopus,  ib.;  of  Esopus  declare  their  willingness  to 
surrender  all  the  christian  prisoners,  on  condition  of 
obtaining  payment  for  their  land,  85 ;  (see  Mohawks;) 
reported  to  have  fled  to  the  mountains,  36  ;  refuse 
to  negotiate  except  with  Renslaer  and  Corlaer,  37  ; 
•n  expedition  sets  out  against  the  Esopus,  ib.;  cap- 
tures their  fort,  and  lays  waste  their  plantation,  38 ; 


75  ;  description  of  his  voyage  up  the  North  river,  80 ; 

is  entertained  by  the  Indians,  ib. 
Hudson  river,  3  ;  head  waters  of  the,  111 ;  convenience 

of  the,  112  ;  the  Mohawk  called  the  west  branch  of 

the,  ib.;  nature  of  the  soil  adjoining  the,  113;  frozen 

annually,  ib. 
Hunt,  Capt.  Samuel,  report  of  his  scout  near  Lake 

George,  172. 
Huntington,  the  countess  of,  expresses  much  interest  in 

Dr.  Wheelock's  school,  223 ;  memoir  of,  ib. 
Hurley,  names  of  those  belonging  to  the  militia  of,  in 

1738,  152. 


the  Dutch  threatened  by  the  Esopus,  39 ;  large  quan- 
tities of  com  belonging  to  the  Esopus,  destroyed,  ib.; 
location  of  the  fort  belonging  to  the  Esopus,  ib.;  of 
Penobscot,  kill  some  Mohawks  aiid  Mohegans,  41 ;  a 
new  attack  on  the  Esopus,  ordered,  46 ;  Capt.  Kregier 
proceeds  again  to  attack  the  Esopus,  47  ;  the  Esopus, 
again  defeated,  48;  another  expedition  against  the  Eso- 
pus, and  their  fort  destroyed,  52  ;  five  tribes  of  River, 
meet  behind  Claverack,  54  ;  a  truce  concluded  with 
the  Esopus,  58 ;  (see  Esopus;)  the,  refuse  to  pay  tho 
Dutch  tribute,  65 ;  a  christian  killed  by  one  of  the, 
66  ;  some  of  the,  massacred  by  the  Dutch,  ib.;  re- 
taliate, 67;  the  Hudson  river,  75 ;  of  N.  Netherland, 
manners  and  customs  of  the,  79  ;  appearance  and  food 
of  the,  80 ;  clothing  and  houses  of  the,  ib.;  forts 
of,  81 ;  marriage  and  othercustoms  of  the,  ib.,  et  seq.; 
language  of  the,  82 ;  belief  regarding  the  sold 
entertained  by,  83 ;  the  French  surrender  all  claim 
to  the  Five  Nations  of,  114  ;  number  of  fighting  men 
belonging  to  the  New  York,  in  1738,  155  ;  number 
of  Canada,  capable  of  bearing  arms,  ib.;  papers  re- 
lating to  the  civilization  of  the  Six  Nations  of,  187  ; 
early  missionaries  among  the  Iroquois,  189 ;  the  Scotch 
commissioners  near  Boston  make  arrangements  for  the 
education  of  children  of  the,  197  ;  and  propose  set- 
ting up  English  schools  among  the,  202 ;  averse  to 
the  proposed  N.  Eng.  settlement  on  the  Susquehannah 
river,  206 ;  address  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Wheelock  to  the 
Mohawk  and  other,  223 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland's  expe- 
rience among  the  Seneca,  227  ;  Rov.  Mr.  Wheelock 
writes  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  in  favor  of  the  Narragan- 
sett,  228  ;  Rev.  Messrs,  Johnson  and  Avery  petition 
the  commissicjers  at  Fort  Stanwix  to  prevent  the  al- 
ienation of  the  lands  of  the,  245  :  numerical  strength 
in  1770  of  the  Six  Nations  of,  268 ;  Dr.  Wheelock 
unsuccessful  in  his  efforts  to  introduce  the  arts  among 
the,  ib.;  Sii-  Wm.  Johnson's  letter  on  the  customs, 
manners  and  languages  of  the,  269 ;  symbols  in  use 
by  the  Iroquois,  270  ;  sachems,  how  choosen,  271  ; 
rarely  guilty  of  theft,  ib.;  specimens  of  the  language 
of  the,  272  •  the  axe  an  omlilcm  of  war  amongst  the, 
273  ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  views  of  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis' 
plan  for  christianizing  the,  282,  289  ;  Col.  Henry 
Babcock  proposes  establishing  an  Episcopal  seminary 
among  the  Six  Nations  of,  302  ;  notice  of  the  early 
attempts  to  christianize  the,  313  ;  impediments  to  the 
imparting  of  elementary  instruction  to  tho,  previous 


INDEX. 


687 


to  the  revolution,  814 ;  Bev.  Dr.  Inglis'  memorial 
concerning  the  Iroquois,  or  Five  Nations  of,  659. 
Inglis,  Rev.  Charles,  professor  in  King's  Coll.  N.  Y.,  259; 
patronizes  Adair,  260;  (see  Adair;)  visits  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson,  266, 267  ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  communicates 
Tarious  information  regarding  the  Indians  to,  268  ; 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  complains  to,  of  the  indifference  of 
men  of  rank  generally  to  matters  of  religion,  276 ; 
heads  of  arguments  in  favor  of  christianizing  the  In- 
dians suggested  to,  277  ;  case  of  the  Lutheran  minis- 
ter at  Stonearabia  recommended  to  the,  278 ;  notice 
of  the  memorial  of,  for  christianizing  the  Indians, 
282,  285,  287 ;  communicates  his  memorial  to  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson,  288 ;  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  opinion 
thereon,  289 ;  completes  his  memorial,  291 ;  submits 
it  to  Got.  Tryon,  ib.;  moves  to  ELing's  college,  292 ; 


Sir  Wm.  Johnson  suggests  a  mode  whereby  provision 
could  bo  made  for  a  female  relative  of  the,  293  ;  con- 
sulted relative  to  Col.  Babcock's  project  for  civilizing 
the  Indians,  303  ;  memorial  of,  to  the  Earl  of  Hills- 
boro'  concerning  the  Iroquois,  or  Five  Nations,  659. 

Inland  navigation  feasible  between  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y. 
and  the  bay  of  Mexico,  112. 

Instructions  to  Lieut,  Van  Couwenhoven  in  his  negotia- 
tion with  tho  Indians,  44  ;  of  the  legblature  of  N. 
Y.  to  its  delegates  in  congress  relative  to  the  disor- 
ders prevailing  in  tho  N.  E.  parts  of  the  state,  594. 

Internal  water  communications  of  the  Prov.  of  N.  York, 
Cadwalladcr  Coldcn's  description  of  the,  112. 

Iron  ore  abundant  in  the  Prov.  of  New- York,  112. 

Iroquois,     (see  Indians;  Memorial.) 


J. 


Jay,  Ch.  Justice,  elected  to  congress  for  the  special  pur- 
pose of  supporting  the  rights  of  New  York,  in  the 
dispute  with  N.  IL,  580  ;  letters  to,  581,  584  ;  let- 
ters from,  582,  583. 

Jesuits,  a  list  of  the,  missionaries  among  the  Iroquois, 
186  ;  accused  of  corrupting  the  ancient  customs  of 
the  Indians,  270.     (see  Robaud.) 

Jewctt,  Rev.  David,  of  New  London,  205. 

Jogues,  Rev.  Isaac,  description  of  N.  Netherland  by, 
13  ;  memoir  of  the,  14  ;  mentioned,  189. 

Johnson,  Edward,  ^ives  an  account  of  the  Indian 
school  at  Tuscarora,  200. 

Rev.  Jacob  W.,  281  ;  missionary  to  the  Oneidas, 

assists  at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix,  245  ;  defines 
his  ideas  of  allegiance,  246 ;  objects  to  the  Indians 
ooming  armed  to  Fort  Stanwix,  247 ;  petitions  the 
commissioners  that  the  Indians  may  not  be  scattered 
by  the  sale  of  their  lands  so  as  to  prevent  the  propa- 
gation of  the  gospel  among  them,  248 ;  speech  of, 
to  the  Six  Nations,  ib. 

Rev.  Joseph,  an  Indian  preacher,  notice  of,  232. 

Rev.  Samuel,  letter  to  the,  on  the  propriety  of 


Mr.  Bennett  proceeding  as  catechist  to  the  Mohawks, 
212. 

Sir  William,  journals  of  the  scouts  of,  167  ; 


tho  Rev.  Mr.  Hart  wick  communicates  a  project  for 
peopling,  governing  and  defending  the  limits  of  N. 
Aniorica  to,  191 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvie  submits  some 
opinions  on  the  state  of  public  affairs  to,  195  ;  visits 
Canada ;  letter  of,  to  Rev.  Father  Roubault,  196 ; 
Rev.  Mr.  Brown  apologises  to,  for  being  unable  to 
visit  Fort  Hunter,  ib.;  expresses  a  fovorable  opinion 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wheeloek's  efforts  to  educate  the 
Indians,  197  ;  and  sends  him  some  Mohawk  children, 
ib.;  Rev.  Mr.  Oel  expresses  his  alarm  at  the  intro- 
duction of  Presbyterian  missionaries  among  the  In- 
dians, to,  198  ;  informs  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  of  his  in- 
ability to  aid  Mr.  Bennett,  199  ;  the  Tuscarora  teacher 
reports  the  state  of  religion  and  education  in  his  dis- 
trict to,  200  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  consults,  on  the 
propriety  of  removing  his  Indian  school  to  the  Mo- 
hawk country,  201  ;  requests  hiin  to  engage  Gov. 
Bernard  in  favor  of  the  Lebanon  school,  202 ;  and 


renews  his  proposal  to  establish  it  on  the  Susque- 
hanna  river,  303  ;  Rev.  Dr.  Pomroy  writes  to,  in 
favor  of  Dr.  Wheeloek's  school,  ib.;  expresses  !;is 
high  opinion  of  Dr.  W.'s  qualifications,  205  ;  disap- 
proves of  the  proposal  of  the  Scotch  commissioners 
to  erect  English  schools  among  the  Indians,  206  ;  and 
of  the  projected  settlement  from  N.  Eng.,  on  the 
Susquehanna  river,  ib.;  engages  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay 
to  superintend  the  printing  of  a  new  edition  of  tho 
Indian  prayer-book,  206,  211 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Smith  sub- 
mits his  desire  to  go  on  a  mission  among  the  Mohawks 
to,  208 ;  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  explains  to,  why  he 
detains  Joseph  Brant,  211 ;  is  treating  for  the  farm 
of  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  as  a  glebe  for  an  Indian  mission- 
ary, 213  ;  Domine  Lappius  applies  for  some  necessa- 
ries to,  214  ;  Rev.  Father  Roubault  communicates 
his  views  as  to  the  necessity  of  the  English  retaining 
Canada  to,  215  ;  the  Indian  teacher  at  Cauajoharie 
writes  about  his  school  to,  216  ;  Weyman,  the  printer, 
advises,  of  the  death  of  Dr.  Barclay,  and  of  the  ne- 
cessity of  some  other  person  being  entrusted  with  the 
superintendence  of  the  Indian  prayer-book,  217; 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  acquaints,  of  the  proposed  mis- 
sion of  Occom  and  Kirtland  to  the  Indian  country, 
ib.;  Weyman  suggests  Capt.Claus  as  a  proper  person 
to  superintend  the  printing  of  the  proposed  Indian 
prayer-book,  to,  219 ;  the  society  for  the  promotion 
of  arts  invites,  to  become  a  member,  ib.;  presents 
£10  to  the  association,  220 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  informs, 
of  his  intended  visit  to  the  Mohocks,  221 ;  gives  the 
society  for  the  promotion  of  arts  an  account  of  the 
progress  of  agriculture  in  the  Mohawk  valley,  ib,; 
Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  advises  him  of  his  intention  to 
send  additional  teachers  and  missionaries  among  the 
Six  Nations,  223 ;  and  that  Occom  is  about  to  pro- 
ceed to  England,  226 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  reports 
the  progress  of  his  mission  at  Canedesage  to,  227 ; 
the  Connecticut  board  of  missions  express  their  ac- 
knowledgments to,  for  his  favorable  recommendation 
of  Dr.  Wheeloek's  school,  228 ;  consents  to  be  a 
member  of  the  Soo.  for  the  Prop,  the  gospel,  229  ; 
is  invited  to  become  a  trustee  of  tho  Episcopal  church 
at  Schenectady,  ib.;  Rev.  Mr.  Kirtland  sends  further 


48S 


WDIX. 


bfonnation  from  Ganandesuge  to,  330;  Wojman 
proposes  Dr.  Ogilvie  to  superintend  the  completion 
of  the  Indian  prayer-book  to,  ib.;  Rev.  Dr.  Wheolock 
again  consults,  as  to  the  best  site  for  his  Indian  Rchool, 
281 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Brown  acquaints,  of  his  intended 
visit,  238 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Chamberlain  apologises  to,  for 
some  remarks  ho  had  inadvertently  made,  285 ;  Rev. 
Mr.  Hanna  proposes  settling  in  Schenectady  and 
solicits  the  friendship  of,  236 ;  the  Moravians  solicit 
the  protection  of,  ib.;  the  Soo.  for  Prop,  the  gospel 
teqnest  his  opinion  as  to  a  proper  allowance  for  a 
missionary  to  the  Indians,  237  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Barton  ad- 
vises, of  the  disturbed  state  of  the  frontier  settlements 
of  Penn.,  240 ;  the  churchwardens  of  Schenectady 
request,  to  procure  a  clergyman  for  their  church,  241 ; 
Hugh  Gaine  acquaints,  of  the  condition  Weyman  left 
the  Indian  prayer-book  in,  242;  demands  Gaine's 
terms  to  complete  that  work,  243 ;  these  terms  com- 
municated to,  ib.;  Rev.  Dr.  Wheelock  requests  that 
his  design  of  sending  missionaries  and  teachers  among 
the  Indians  may  be  recommended  by,  244 ;  Rev. 
Jacob  Johnson  explains  the  cause  of  his  absence  at 
the  congress  at  Fort  Stanwiz,  to,  246  ;  complains  to, 
of  the  Indians  coming  armed  to  the  congress,  247 ; 
and  asks,  that  a  door  may  be  kept  open  for  Dr. 
Wheelock's  missionaries,  248 ;  Hugh  Gaine  reports 
the  progress  of  the  Indian  prayer-book,  to,  249 ; 
Geti.  Gage  advised  of  the  intrigues  of  the  N.  E. 
.  missionaries  at  Fort  Stanwix,  by,  ib.;  Dr.  Shuckburgh 
writes  respecting  the  Indian  prayer-book,  to,  250 ; 
introducea  Mr.  James  Adair  to  Gren.  Gage,  251 ; 
thanks  Rev.  Provost  Smith  for  having  him  elected  a 
member  of  the  philosophical  society,  252  ;  is  inform- 
ed by  Mr.  Chew  of  the  movements  in  Connecticut 
respecting  the  Susquehanna  lands,  253 ;  communicates 
to  Dr.  Auchmuty  his  opinion  about  the  election,  ib.; 
Hugh  Gaine  advises,  that  the  Indian  prayer-book  is 
completed,  254 ;  the  churchwardens  of  Schenectady 
inform,  that  they  are  disappointed  in  obtaining  a 
cler^man,  255 ;  Rev.  H.  Munro  advises,  of  his  pro- 
posed visit  to  the  Mohawk  Indians,  257  ;  Mr.  Adair 
reports  his  progress  in  obtuning  subscribers  to  his 
work,  to,  259 ;  is  patronized  by,  and  family,  261 ; 
Hugh  Gaine  sends  the  Indian  prayer-book  to,  262 ; 
Mr.  Adair  requests  letters  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  from, 
ib.;  Col.  Croghan  and  See.  Banyar  introduce  Rev. 
Mr.  Andrews  to,  263,  264 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  sug- 
gests to,  that  Episcopal  clergymen  from  Ireland  be 
invited  to  settle  in  the  Prov.  of  N.  Y.,  264  ;  and  ac- 
quaints, with  his  intended  voyage  to  Europe,  265  ; 
Rev.  Dr.  Auchmuty  introduces  Rev.  Mr.  Forbes  to, 
ib.;  the  thanks  of  the  N.  Y.  Episcopal  convention 
voted  to,  for  his  exertions  in  favor  of  the  Church  of 
Eng.  in  America,  266  ;  returns  his  acknowledgments 
therefor,  267 ;  communicates  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Inplis 
the  numbers  of  the  Six  Nations  capable  of  bearing 
arms,  268 ;  thinks  the  Indians  not  fitted  to  cultivate 
the  arts,  ib.;  gives  Dr.  Lee  an  account  of  the  man- 
tiers,  customs  and  languages  of  the  Indians,  269 ; 
builds  a  church  at  Canajoharie,  274  ;  gives  his  views 
<ra  ttte  opposition  of  the  dissenters  to  the  established 


church,  276 ;  communicates  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis 
his  ideas  relative  to  the  memorial  prepared  by  that 
gcntle^ian  on  the  subject  of  chrislianizing  the  Indians, 
277 ;  informs  him,  also,  of  the  intention  of  the  Lu- 
theran minister  at  Stonearabia  to  conform  to  the  Epis- 
copal church,  278  ;  acquaints  the  Rev.  Dr.  Auchmuty 
that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna,  a  Presbyterian  minister, 
wbhes  to  join  the  established  church,  ib.;  Dr.  Auch- 
muty gives  his  views  of  these  clergymen  to,  2Sl ; 
Rev.  Mr.  Munro  reports  the  state  of  the  church  at 
Albany  to,  282,  301 ;  enters  more  fully  on  the  sub- 
ject of  Mr.  Inglis'  plan  for  christianizing  the  Indians, 
282 ;  writes,  again,  to  Dr.  Auchmuty  relative  to  the 
proposal  of  the  Stonearabia  minister,  and  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Hanna  to  join  the  Church  of  England,  284 ; 
bishop  Lowth,  in  his  sermon  before  the  Soc.  for  Prop, 
the  gospel,  compliments,  285 ;  calls  on  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Kirtland  for  a  copy  of  a  resolution  passed  by  the 
Boston  board  of  missions,  287 ;  promises  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Inglis  a  map  of  the  Indian  country,  288  ;  Rev. 
Mr.  Inglis  points  out  to,  an  available  fund  for  the 
support  of  his  plan  for  christianizing  the  Indians,  ib.; 
disapproves  of  admitting  husbandmen  or  mechanioa 
among  the  Indians  as  settlers,  290 ;  Rev.  Mr.  An- 
drews informs  him  that  he  has  opened  grammar  school 
in  Schenectady,  ib.;  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  communicatea 
his  further  progress  with  the  memorial  on  the  subject 
of  chrif«tianleing  the  Indians  to,  and  adopts  his  sug- 
gestions, 291  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  informs,  that  hit 
has  converted  his  grammar  school  into  an  academy, 
292  ;  expects  a  clergyman  to  officiate  at  the  Johns- 
town church,  295  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Hanna  informs,  that  he 
has  received  holy  orders  in  the  English  church,  296  ; 
acquaints  Dr.  Burton  that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Mosely  is 
about  to  take  ch;irge  of  the  Johnstown  mifsion,  299 ; 
rebuilds  the  church  at  that  place,  ib.;  Rev.  Mr. 
Graves  communicates  to,  the  particulars  of  some  diffi- 
culties about  land  given  by  the  Narragansett  Indians 
to  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  301 ;  Col.  Babcock 
passes  a  high  eulogium  on,  302  ;  spends  the  summer 
of  1773  on  Long  Island,  303  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews 
informs,  of  his  intention  to  retire  from  Schenectady, 
305  ;  of  his  prospects  in  Virginia,  307  ;  and  of  his 
desire  to  take  charge  of  the  church  at  Johnstown, 
308  ;  thinks  unfavorably  of  Col.  Babcock's  proposed 
Indian  academy,  ib.;  reports  the  state  of  the  miKsions 
in  his  neighborhood  to  the  Soc.  for  Prop,  the  gospel, 
309 ;  the  churchwardens  of  Schenectady  complain  to, 
of  the  lukewarmness  they  experience  from  the  clergy 
of  N.  York,  310  ;  encourages  them,  311  ;  Rev.  Mr. 
Mosely  expresses  his  gratitude  to,  812  ;  unites  with 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  in  urging  on  the  Soc.  for  Prop, 
the  gospel  the  necessity  of  having  Church  of  England 
missionaries  among  the  Indians,  314,  lef'er  of  the 
Connecticut  clergy  to,  in  favor  of  Partridc  Thatcher, 
378. 
Johnstown,  list  of  scholars  atternliiig  the  free  school  at, 
261 ;  the  church  at,  nnsupplied  with  a  minister,  274 ; 
Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  offers  to  preach  occasionally  at, 
293,  298  ;  some  puggeslions  respecting  the  church 
and  school  of,  294 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Mosely  engaged 


aa 


IHOKX. 


689 


minister  of  tho  Epitioopal  oliurch  at,  200  ;  tbe  church 
at,  rebuilt,  and  tho  school  of,  prospers,  ib.;  Mr.  An> 
drewa  applies  for  tho  ohtir»h  at,  S08 ;  Rev.  Mr. 
Mosely  resigns  the  living  of,  800.  (see  New  Johm- 
taton.) 

Jonathan,  Philip,  Indian  schoolmaster  at  Canajoharie, 
216. 

Jonos,  Rev.  David,  Baptist  minister  of  Freehold,  N.  J., 


letters  of  ordination  of  the,  300 ;  sent  on  a  mission 

to  the  Indians  west  of  the  Ohio,  ib. 
Journal  of  Now  Netherland,  1 ;  of  the  second  Esopua 

war,  27  ;  of  the  massacre  at  Wildwoyk,  20  ;  of  Capt. 

Kregier's  vovage  from  the  Manhatans  to  the  Esopus, 

61 ;  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  scouts,  167. 
Judges,  thd"8eoond  and  third,  in  New- York  appointad 

by  the  Gov.,  116.  ^.  .      • 


K. 


Kaunaudasage,  230.     (see  Canadcsnge.) 

Kayadorositioras,  attempt  to  vacate  the  patent  of,  639. 

Konnoy,  Rev.  Mr.,  re|  orts  that  8ir  Wm.  Johnson  will 
suffer  nono  but  churohuien  among  the  Indiana,  253. 

Kieft,  Director,  demands  satisfaction  for  a  murder  com- 
mitted by  an  Indian,  6  ;  thu  ludians  conspire  against, 
ib.;  endeavors  to  obtain  satisfaction  of  the  Indians 
for  murders  which  they  committed,  7  ;  urged  to  attack 
the  Indians,  ib.;  Maryn  Adriaenzon  makes  an  attempt 
on  the  life  of,  8 ;  comments  on  tho  administration  of, 
65 ;  permission  to  attack  tho  Indians  demanded  of, 
ib.;  dispatches  a  force  against  the  Indians  of  Hemp- 
stead, 66 ;  cold  blooded  conduct  of,  67 ;  takes  leave 
of  the  commonnlty  of  N.  Amsterdam,  60  ;  explana- 
tion of  his  enmitv  to  Mulyn,  70 ;  last  words  of,  ib  ; 
his  experiment  about  gold,  76. 

Kingsbury,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a  new  county  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  province  of  New- York  by 
the  name<f,  358. 

Kings  county,  assessment  roll  of,  for  1675,  89 ;  census 
of,  in  1738,  120. 

Kiugslaud,  order  for  the  settlement  of  the  township  of, 
466 ;  first  court  hold  at,  623. 

Kingston,  names  of  the  persons  enrolled  in  tho  militia 
of,  in  1738,  148,  et  seq.     (sec  Wildwyck.) 

Kintecaying,  derivation  of  tho  word,  48. 

Kirtland,  llcv.  Daniel,  pastor  of  Norwich,  205. 

,  Rev.  Samuel,  arrives  at  Johnstown  with  the 


intention  r'  leaming  the  Mohawk  language,  197; 
sots,  out  for  the  Mohawk  country,  198  ;  mentioned, 
205 ;  goes  to  N.  Jersey  college,  208 ;  proceeds  U 
the  Indian  country  to  learn  the  <Seneca  and  Mohawk 
languages,  218  ;  experiences  much  kindness  from  8ir 
Win.  Johnson,  222 ;  the  Indians  thanked  for  their 
kindness  to,  225 ;  recommendation  in  favor  of,  de- 
manded, 226 ;  relates  his  experience  among  the 
Scnccas,  227 ;  reports  the  condition  of  things  in 
western  N.  Y.,  230;  in  Albany,  at  Oneida,  231 ;  in* 
clined  to  take  Rev.  Mr.  McClure  with  him,  232  ;  a 
copy  of  his  journal  required  by  Sir  Wm.  Johnson, 
287  ;  Rev.  Mr.  Inglis  communicates  something  to 
Col.  Johnson  respecting,  292. 

Kneeland,  Rev.  Ebenezer,  379. 

Kregier,  Capt.  Martin,  journal  of  the  second  Esopns 
war  by,  27,  33  ;  quells  a  mutiny,  89 ;  warned  to  be 
on  his  guard,  43 ;  defeats  the  Esopus  Indians  and 
captures  another  of  their  forts,  48 ;  leads  another 
expedition  against  the  Itdians,  52 ;  and  ravages  their 
plantation,  ib.;  proueeds  to  the  Manhatans,  58  ;  jour- 
nal of  his  voyage  from  the  Manhatans  to  the  Esopus, 
61 ;  returns  finally  to  the  Manhatans,  62. 

Kunze,  Rev.  Dr.  John  C,  65?. 

Kuypers,  Rev.  H.,  657. 

Kuyter,  Joachim  P.,  banished  from  New  Netherland, 
70;  wrecked,  71. 


L. 


Laer,  Doraine,  the  wife  and  child  of,  captured  by  the 
Indians,  31. 

Lact,  Sieur  da,  tho  work  of,  referred  to,  16. 

Lakes  of  New- York,  the  great  inland,  112. 

Lambcrville,  Rev.  Jacques  de,  190. 

,  Rev.  Jean  de,  190. 

La  Montague,     (see  Montagne.) 

Lamson,  Rev.  Joseph,  379. 

Land,  condition  of  granting,  iu  N.  Netherland,  16,  26 ; 
information  iolativo  to  the  granting  of,  in  N.  Nether- 
land, 19 ;  respecting  the  wild,  in  N.  Netherland, 
21. 

Languages,  eighteen  various,  spoken  on  the  island  of 
Manhate,  15  ;  of  tho  Indians,  82;  manners  and  cus- 
toms of  the  Indians,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  letter  on  the, 
269 ;  specimens  of  peculiar  combination  of  words 
and  in  the  construction  of  Indian,  270. 

Lappius,  Rev.  Joh.  Casp.,  minister  of  Canajoharie,  ap- 
plies to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  for  some  necessaries,  214. 

Lathrop,  Rev.  Elijah,  pastor  of  Lebanon,  204. 
Vol.  IV.  87 


Latitude  and  longitude  of  the  most  considerable  places 
intheProv.  of  N.  Y.,  114. 

Laws  of  N.  Y'.,  Smith  and  Livingston's  Ed.  of  the,  by 
whom  printed,  209. 

Lead  ore  found  in  the  Prov.  of  New  York,  112. 

Lebanon,  some  notice  of  the  rise  of  Dr.  Wheelock's  In- 
dian school  at,  197  ;  number  of  scholars  in  the  Indian 
school  at,  207. 

Lee,  Arthur,  biographical  sketch  of,  269. 

Legislature  of  New  York,  review  of  the  length  of  the 
sessions  of  the,  previous  to  1738,  158. 

Lemercier,  Rev.  Frs.  Jos.,  189. 

Le  Moyne,  Rev.  Simon,  189. 

Libraries,  public,  in  New  York,  destroyed  by  the  British, 
640. 

Library  of  Sir  Henry  Moody,  Bart.,  catalogue  of,  640. 

Lidius,  Col.  Jno.,  originally  settled  the  town  of  Dur- 
ham, 521,  675. 

Linn,  Rev.  Dr.  William,  657. 

Little,  Rev.  Ephraim,  pastor  of  Colchester,  205. 


690 


INDEX. 


LiviDgstoD,  Col.  Peter  R.,  brief  notice  of,  448. 

—,  Rftv.  J.  H.,  667. 

Lydius.     (se^  Lidius.) 

Long  Inland,  8 ;  the  ohristians  of,  attack  the  Indians,  7 ; 
lands  fit  for  colonization  on,  21 ;  Indians  of,  employed 
against  those  of  Esopus,  60,  62 ;  assessment  rolls  of 
the  five  Dutch  towns  on,  91 ;  error  in  Prime's  Hist. 
of,  639. 

Lord,  Joseph,  tenders  his  resignation  as  a  judge  of  Cum- 
berland county,  461 ;    a  grant  of  land  recommended 


to  be  made  to,  463  ;  bears  testimony  to  the  neigh- 
borly conduct  of  some  of  the  N,  H.  people,  465  ;  the 
conduct  of  approved,  408  ;  the  resignation  of,  de- 
clined, ib. 

Lord,  Lieut.,  journal  of  his  scout  near  Lake  George, 
170. 

Loups,  the,  17, 196. 

Lutherans,  in  Now  Netherland,  15  ;  the  minister  of  the, 
at  Stonoraby,  disposed  to  take  orders  in  the  Ch.  of 
England,  277,  278,  281,  284. 


M. 


Magdalen  Island,  the  Esopu.>  Indians  retire  back  of,  83. 

Hageo,  Jamei,  printer,  Hugh  Gaine  serves  his  time  to 
242. 

Mahicanden,  the,  slay  a  number  of  Witquescheck  In- 
dians, 7. 

Mahikans,  the,  75.  > . 

Maiae,  price  in  1650,  of,  24.  .    •  ■ 

Makwaes,  the,  75.     (see  Mohawks.) 

Manchester,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a  new  county  on 
Hudson  rirur,  to  be  called,  358 ;  names  of  the  b- 
habitants  of  the  township  of,  368. 

Manhattans,  or  Great  river  of  New  Netherland,  75. 

Manhatc,  population  in  1644  of,  15 ;  number  of  lan- 
guages spoken  by  the  inhabitants  of,  ib.;  dimensions 
of  the  Island  of,  ib.     (see  New  York  city.) 

Manning,  Rev.  James,  Secretary  of  the  Philadelphia 
Baptist  association,  300. 

Mansfield,  Rev.  Richard,  379, 

Map  of  the  New  Hampshire  grants  referred  to,  430. 

Marblctown,  names  of  those  serving  in  the  militia  of,  in 
1738,  150. 

Mareuil,  Rev.  Pierre  de,  190. 

Marseping  Indians  employed  by  the  Dutch  in  the  Eso- 
pus war,  50,  52. 

Martin  Gerritsen's  bay,  21. 

Martinnehouck,  L.  I.,  21. 

Maryland,  biographical  notice  of  Sir  Robert  Eden,  the 
last  royal  governor  of,  296. 

Mason,  Rev.  John,  657. 

Massachusetts,  why  the  west  bounds  of,  approach  so 
near  the  Hudson  river,  333. 

Massapeins,  65. 

Matertotty,  or  Cowards,  the  Dutch  called  by  the  In- 
dians, 6. 

Matouwacs,  the  island  of,  75.     (see  Long  Island.) 

Matsepe,  the  Indians  of,  attacked  by  the  Dutch,  10. 

Maurice  river,  15. 

Mauritius,  the,  3,  4. 

Mayane,  an  Indian  sachem  near  Greenwich,  killed,  9. 

McClure,  Rev.  Dr.,  biographical  notice  of,  231. 

McCombs,  Rev.  Lawrence,  657. 

McKesson,  John,  secretary  of  the  N.  York  convention, 
567,  572. 

McKnight,  Rev.  Dr.  Jno.,  657. 

Melyn,  Comelis,  colonic  of,  4  ;  banished  from  N.  Neth- 
erland, 70;  his  son  drowned,  ib.;  narrowly  escapes 
drowning,  71. 

Memoir  of  Lieut.  Gov.  Delancey,  625  ;  of  Hon.  James 
Duane,  641. 


Memorial  concerning  the  Iroquois,  659. 

Menard,  Rev.  Rene,  189. 

Mcnbsings,  the,  aid  the  Esopus  Indians,  83,  85,  48. 

Menonbts  in  N.  Netherland,  15. 

Mercury,  the  New  York,  242. 

Mereokewaoks,  or  Indians  uf  Brooklyn,  65. 

Mexico,  bapr  of,  an  inland  navigation  feasible  between 
the  provmce  of  New  York  and  the,  112. 

Meyndertz,  Myndert,  colonio  of,  4,  6. 

Miantcnimo,  excites  the  Indians  of  N.  Netherland  aguinst 
the  christians,  6. 

Middelwout.     (see  Flatbush.) 

Milet,  Rev.  Pierre,  190. 

3Iilitia  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York,  ordered  to  be  enu- 
merated, 108  ;  act  regarding  the,  passed  annually, 
116  ;  names  of  the  ofiiccrs  and  soldiers  belonging  in 
1738,  to  the,  136. 

Miller,  Rev.  Samuel,  657. 

Mine,  a  gold,  suppo.sed  to  bo  near  the  South  river,  16 ; 
a,  of  gold  and  silver,  in  New  Netherland,  76. 

Minerals  of  N.  Netherland,  16,  76 ;  of  the  Prov.  of 
New  York,  112. 

Minnisinck,  population  of,  in  1738, 119.     < 

Miscellanies,  639. 

Mission  of  the  Martyrs.  14. 

Missionaries,  a  list  of  the  early,  among  the  Iroquois, 
1 89  ;  caveat  entered  at  Fort  Stanwix  by  two  N.  Eng., 
against  alienating  the  Indian  lands,  245  ;  intrigues 
of  the  N.  Eng.,  249. 

Mississippi  river,  communication  between  the  Susque- 
hanna and  the,  112. 

Mflchols,  the  name  for  ships  in  the  Delaware  dialect, 
65. 

Mohawk  Indians,  supplied  by  the  Dutch  with  arms  and 
ammunition,  5 ;  murder  Father  Jogues,  14 ;  the 
French  name  for  the,  16  ;  negotiate  between  the 
Dutch  and  the  Esopus  Indians,  35  ;  result  of  their 
mission,  36  ;  further  negotiation  of  the,  37 ;  collision 
between  the  northern  Indians  and  the,  41 ;  Rev.  J. 
C.  Hartwick's  address  to  the,  192;  proposed  address 
of  the,  to  the  king  in  favor  of  Rev.  J.  C.  Hartwiok, 
193  ;  send  their  youth  to  the  Lebannon  Indian  school 
to  be  educated,  197  ;  names  of  the  scholars  at  Fort 
Hunter  belonging  to  the,  261  ;  acknowledged  to  be 
the  head  of  the  Six  Nations,  270;  symbol  of  the,ib.; 
why  called  Canniungaes,  ib.;  (see  Agniehronom.) 
river,  falls  into  the  Hudson,  16 ;  extent  of  the 


carrying  ploce  between  Lake  Otsego  and  the,  112  , 
between  Oneida  lake  and  the,  ib. 


IMDIX. 


691 


Mohawk  valley,  timber  of  the,  111 ;  nature  of  the  soil 
of  the,  113;  forts  in  the,  116;  christraosin  the, 639. 

Mintagno,  Councillor  La,  conimanda  an  expedition 
ogaiiist  tho  Indians,  9 ;  gives  a  pass  to  an  Indian 
from  Fort  Orange,  40 ;  cold  blooded  conduct  of,  68. 

Montanus'  description  of  Now  Nethorland,  75. 

Monlauk  Indians,  (sec  Smith,  Rev.  J.  C;  Occam; 
Fowler.) 

Montcalm,  Qen.  instructions  of,  transmitted  by  Father 
liobaud  to  Gen.  Amherst,  215. 

Montreal,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  114;  description  of, 
in  1738,  155;  Rev.  Mr.  Dclisle,  Episcopal  minister 
of,  320. 

Montresor,  Col.,  answer  of,  to  Capt.  Oreen's  observa- 
tions  on  a  p'an  of  a  fort  to"be  erected  at  tho  Oneida 
car.  inp  .  325. 

Moi      .  Sir  --  catalogue  of  tho  library     ,  ,     , 

MooRh,  Gov.  .  .lenry,  ut  Johnson  Hall,  i  ;  assists 
at  the  treaty  of  Fort  Stanwix,  244 ;  patronizes  Mr, 
Adair's  work  on  the  Indians,  250 ;  ordered  not  to 
disturb  any  persons  having  valid  titles  under  New 
Hampshire  for  land  west  of  Connecticut  river,  365  ; 
letters  of,  to  Lord  Sherburne,  in  answer  to  his  lord- 
ship's dispatch  and  vindicating  his  government  from 
the  charges  contained  in  the  petition  of  Samuel  Kobio- 
son  and  others,  365,  373 ;  erects  a  church  at  Lis  own 
expense  in  the  county  of  Cumberland,  869;  denies 
that  ho  ever  exacted  foes  from  those  unable  to  pay 
them,  370;  writes  to  Lord  Hillsboro'  that  he  refuses 
to  grant  any  lauds  on  the  west  side  of  Lake  Cham- 
plain,  377  ;  said  to  have  refused  to  pass  any  patents 
for  lands  west  of  Connecticut  river  without  payment 
of  his  full  fees,  382. 

,  Rev.  Benjamin,  057. 

Morgan,  Rev.  Abel,  moderator  of  the  Philadelphia  Bap- 
tist Association,  300. 


Mosely,  Rev.  Richard,  engaged  as  minister  of  Johns- 
town, 299 ;  arrives  at  Albany  on  his  way  to  Johns- 
town, 301  ;  intends  relinquishing  the  church  at  Johns- 
town, 307  ;  resigns  the  living  at  Johnstown,  309 ; 
expresses  his  sense  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  goodness 
to  him,  312. 

,  Rev.  Samuel,  pastor  of  Windham,  205. 


Mountains  of  New  Netherland,  8  ;  of  New  York,  111. 

Moyne.     (see  Le  Moyne.) 

Munro,  Rev.  Harry,  Episcopal  jiinister  of  Albany,  257; 
biographical  notice  of,  258 ;  complains  that  some  per- 
sons have  been  endeavoring  to  disturb  the  peace  of 
his  congregation,  282  ;  has  a  good  congregation,  299; 
makes  a  collection  in  New- York  for  his  church  at 
Albany,  301. 

John,  elder  of  the  Presbyterian  church  at  Alba- 


ny, 280;  mentioned,  380;  affidavit  of,  regarding  resis- 
tance offered  t''  nivil  authority  of  New  York  in  the  N. 
Hampshire  grants,  419;  writes  Sec'y  Banyor  informing 
him  of  the  continued  persecution  of  tho  "  Yorkers," 
433  ;  instructed  to  take  proceedings  against  Robert 
Cochrane  and  other  rioters,  435,  439;  petiticjus  to  be 
appointed  sheriff  of  Albany  county,  441 ;  sends  infor- 
mation to  N.  Y.  respecting  the  continued  insolence 
of  the  Bennington  mob,  452,  468 ;  applies  for  pro- 
tection against  the  Bennington  rioters,  472 ;  informs 
government  that  they  have  commenced  an  armed  or- 
ganization, 473  ;  that  he  has  arrested  some  counter- 
feiters and  of  his  inability,  to  enforce  the  law  in  the 
northern  part  of  the  province,  and  that  he  declines  to 
act  any  longer  as  a  magistrate,  486. 

,  Peter  Jay,  258. 

Murray,  Rev.  Alexander,  notice  of,  241 ;  declines  tak- 
ing charge  of  the  Episcopal  church  at  Schenectady, 
255. 

Muskcat,  habit  of  the,  77. 


N. 


Napier,  Mr.,  director  general  of  hospitals  of  N.  Y.,  366. 

Nassaw  fort,  4 

— — —  river,  15. 

New  Amsterdam,  4;  population  of,  5;  church  of,  15,  639; 
some  of  the  houses  in,  built  of  stone,  ib  ;  description 
of,  76;  changed  to  New  York,  83.    (see  New  York.) 

New  Connecticut,  State  of,  the  N.  Hampshire  grants  re- 
solve that  they  be  henceforth  called  the,  560  ;  the 
name  of,  changed  to  Vermont,  567. 

New  England,  the  insupportable  government  of,  obliges 
several  colonists  to  retire  to,  and  settle  in  N.  Nether- 
land, 4  ;  mode  adopted  for  the  construction  of  houses 
by  the  early  settlers  in,  23  ;  price  of  cattle  in,  24  ; 
intrigues  at  Fort  Stanwix  of  the  mbsionaries  from 
249. 

New  Hampshire  grants,  controversy  respecting  the,  329; 
order  of  tho  Gov.  and  Council  of  N.  Y.,  in  favor  of 
the,  west  of  Connecticut  river,  357  ;  claimants  under, 
ordered  to  sue  out  their  grants,  363  ;  persons  having 
valid  titles  to,  not  to  be  disturbed  in  the  possession  of 
their  lands  by  the  govt,  of  N.  York,  365  ;  lands  held 
under,  not  to  be  rcgranted  by  N.  Y.,  375  ;  Partridge 
Thatcher  recommended  to  be  the  first  governor  of  the. 


378 ;  petition  to  tho  king  from  certain  persons  on  the, 
to  the  westward  of  Connecticut  river  praying  to  be 
re-annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  412  ;  certificate  of 
the  surveyor-general  of  N.  York,  of  reservations  in 
favor  of  the  occupants  of,  415 ;  affidavits  proving 
public  disorders  to  have  been  fomented  by  New  Hamp- 
shire on  the,  416,  et  seq.;  list  and  dates  of  tho,  west 
of  Connecticut  river,  430,  481  ;  certain  parties  hold- 
ing, to  be  allowed  not  exceeding  500  acres,  437  ;  the 
rioters  and  traitors  of  the,  retire  to  the  mountains 
where  they  cannot  be  apprehended,  454;  some  of 
the,  afterwards  confirmed  under  New  York,  477  ;  the 
inhabitants  of  the,  west  o'^  Connecticut  river,  resolve 
to  send  an  agent  to  England,  486  ;  the  people  of  the, 
send  agents  to  London  to  demand  an  alteration  in 
the  jurisdiction,  487  ;  plan  of  the  Board  of  trade  for 
the  settlement  of  thediffieulties  on  the,  488;  approved, 
502 ;  (see  Tryon,  Gov.)  a  convention  at  Dorset  de- 
clare tho  necessity  of  erecting  the,  into  a  separate 
district,  554 ;  further  proceedings  for  the  purpose  of 
forming  the,  into  a  new  state,  556  ;  several  of  the, 
declare  themselves  independent  of  the  State  of  N.  Y., 
560  ;  and  assume  the  name  of  New  Connecticut,  ib.; 


«d2 


IKOKX. 


'  (see  Vermont.)  Thos.  Young  encouragos  the  people 
of  the,  to  form  a  state  oonstitution,  562  ;  the  roooiu- 
mendaf ion  of  oongreiis  to  form  state  conatitutions  sent 
to  the,  568 ;  report  to  the  N.  Y.  Prov.  Gong,  on  the 
eastern  part  of  the,  564  ;  the  inhabitants  of,  meet  in 
convention  and  declare  their  indepvnJonoe,  566  ;  the 
independent  government  attempted  to  bo  established 
by  the  people  of,  disoountenaneed  by  the  continental 
congress,  560  ;  proposals  tendered  by  N.  Y.,  for  the 
settlement  of  the  difficulties  in  the,  o73  ;  petition  of 
the  proprietors  of  the,  to  the  king,  619. 

Now  Hampshire,  the  province  of,  description  of  the 
bounds  of,  884  ;  the  authorities  of,  lay  ont  lands  near 
Grown  Pt,,  846;  order  of  the  king  in  eounoil  fixing 
the  boundary  between  New  York  and,  355  ;  the  go- 
vemor  of,  authorizes  an  exploration  of  the  head  wa- 
ters of  the  Gonneoticut  river,  439;  the  council  of, 
advises  Gov.  Wentworth  not  to  take  any  notice  of 
Gov.  Tryon's  proclamation,  459. 

■New  Holland,  16. 

New  Johnstown,  820.  .'^^     ; 

Now  Low  Countries,  15. 

New  Netherland,  journal  of,  1 ;  why  so  called,  3 ;  situ- 
ation, climate,  appearance  and  rivers  of,  ib.;  trees  and 
animals  and  fishes  of,  ib.;  by  whom  peopled,  4 ;  furts 
and  saw  mills  erected  in,  settlers  sent  to,  ib.;  first 
settlers  in,  ib.;  the  cause  of  the  war  in,  5  ;  proposed 

:  to  be  mortgaged  to  N.  England,  9 ;  description  of, 
by  Father  Isoao  Joguos,  13  ;  situation  of,  in  1644, 

■  15 ;  variety  of  sects  in,  ib.;  conditions  of  land  grant- 
ing in,  ib.;  date  of  the  first  arrival  of  the  Dutch  at, 
16  ;  climate  of,  ib.;  Sec'y  Van  Tienhoven's  informa- 
tion respecting  the  wild  lands  in,  19  ;  proper  season 
when  emigrants  should  sail  to,  22  ;  rules  observed  in 
the  construction  of  bouses  and  villages  in,  23  ;  mode 
of  fattening  hogs  in,  24  ;  cattle  necessary  for  farmers 
in,  ib.;  classes  of  persons  best  adapted  for  emignifion 
to,  25  ;  mode  adopted  in  the  granting  of  land  in,  26; 
Montanus'  description  of,  73 ;  boundaries  of,  75  ; 
the  first  immigrants  to,  84.  (sea  New  York.)  first 
church  erected  in,  639. 

Newspapers,  early  N.  York,  209,  242. 

Newton,  Rev.  Christopher,  379. 

Newtown,  L.  I.,  Rev.  Andrew  Bay,  minister  of,  241. 

New  Utrecht,  assessment  roll  of,  in  1675,  102 ;  popu- 
lation of,  in  1788,  120  ;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of, 
127. 

New  Vermount,  the  state  of,  567.     (see  Vermont.) 

New  year's  day,  ordinance  prohibiting  firing  guns  on,  62. 

•Hew  York  city,  formerly  New  Amsterdam,  83  ;  latitude 
and  longitude  of,  114 ;  fortifications  of,  1 16 ;  mayor 
and  recorder  of,  appointed  by  the  governor,  ib.;  cen- 
sus of,  in  1738, 120  ;  names  of  the  officers  and  sol- 
diers in  1788,  of  the  companies  in,  138,  el  seq.;  public 
libraries  destroyed  by  the  British  in,  640  ;  James 
Duane  appointed  mayor  of,  651 ;  names  of  the  clergy 
of,  in  1796,  867. 

college,  order  of  the  governors  of  the,  for  the 

settlement  of  their  township,  466. 

-,  prorinee  of,  state  of  the,  in  1738,  107  ;  queries 


relating  to,  ib.;  oaniua  of,  ordered  to  be  taken,  108  ; 


Gadwallader  Coldeu's  observations  on  the  climate,  soil, 
water  communications,  &c.,  of,  109  ;  situation  of.  111 ; 
timber  of,  extent  of  settlements  in,  the  highest  part 
of,  112;  the  great  inland  lakes  of,  ib.;  minerals  of,  ib.; 
soil  of,  113  ;  climate  of,  ib.;  boundaries  of,  114  ;  ex- 
penses of  the  governiiiuuf  of,  116 ;  length  of  the  ses- 
sions of  the  leginluturo  of,  previous  to  1788,  158 ; 
papers  illustrating  the  controversy  respecting  Vermont, 
between  New  Hampshire  and,  829 ;  bounded  east  by 
the  Conncdticut  river,  832 ;  report  of  the  attorney- 
general  on  the  eastern  boundary  of,  834 ;  surveyor- 
general's  observations  thereupon,  339 ;  extract  of  a 
letter  from  Gov.  Wentworth  furnished  by  order  of  the 
board  of  trade  to  the  agent  of,  341 ;  report  of  the 
council  of,  on  the  east  bounds  of,  ib.;  proclamation 
declaring  the  Connecticut  river  to  be  the  east  bounds 
of,  845  ;  order  of  the  king  in  council  fixing  the  boun- 
daiy  between  New  Hanip.'ihire  and,  355  ;  petition  for 
the  erection  of  several  counties  west  of  Connecticut 
river  and  in  the  northern  partof  the  province  of,  858 ; 
report  of  the  council  thereupon,  361 ;  the  governor 
of,  forbidden  to  grant  any  lands  already  patented  by 
New  Hampshire,  875  ;  Gov.  and  council  of,  to  grant 
warrants  of  survey  to  certain  parties  holding  under 
N.  Hampshire  for  not  exceeding  five  liundred  acres  of 
land,  437  ;  council  of,  reconm)cnd  the  issuing  a  pro- 
elaraatioii  reiterating  the  claim  of  New  York  to  the 
lands  west  of  the  Connecticut  river,  455  ;  an  account 
of  the  temper  of  the  rioters  in  the  eastern  part  of, ' 
472  ;  memorandum  of  the  townships  formerly  grunted 
by  New  Hanipsliire  and  since  confirmed  by,  477  ;  the 
council  of,  resolve  to  make  a  representation  to  his  ma- 
jesty's government  on  the  proceedings  of  the  people 
in  the  northern  part  of  the  province  of,  who  continue 
to  bid  defiance  to  the  law,  487  ;  a  military  force  de- 
manded to  put  down  the  Bennington  mob  by  the  coun- 
cil of,  484,  534.  (SCO  HalcUmaml  Gen.)  lands  of,  to 
be  settled  in  townships,  035  ;  Sir  C.  Hardy  resigns 
the  government  of,  636  ;  proclamation  of  the  last 
royal  governor  of,  055. 
New  York,  provincial  congress  of,  Ethan  Allen  expresses 
a  desire  to  be  reconciled  to,  and  tlianks  that  body  for 
their  respectful  treatment  of  the  Green  Mountain  boys, 
554  ;  appoints  Seth  Warner,  Lt.  Colonel,  ib  ;  report 
to  the,  on  the  state  of  Ciunberland  and  Gloccstcr 
counties,  564. 

,  State  of,  designs  formed  to  dismember  the,  554, 


555,  556, 557,  559  ;  conimittco  of  safety  of  the,  pro- 
test against  the  continental  congress  organizing  a  regi- 
ment in  the  N.  H.  grants,  independent  of,  and  de- 
mand that  the  insurgents  be  required  to  submit  to  the 
authority  of  the,  557  ;  demands  the  recall  of  Col. 
Warner's  commission,  559  ;  deprived  of  five  coun- 
ties by  the  king  of  Great  Britain,  ib.;  several  of  the 
N.  H.  grants  declare  themselves  independent  of,  560 ; 
resolutions  of  the  committee  of  safety  of,  on  learning 
that  Vermont  is  endeavoring  to  be  independent,  567 ; 
the  committee  of  safety  of,  order  the  distribution  of 
the  resolves  of  congress  discountenancing  the  inde- 
pendence of  Vermont  to  be  circulated  throughout  the 
eastern  part  of  the,  569  ;    proposals  of  the,  for  the 


IVMK. 


«99 


aottloiiiont  of  tho  JifHuultios  on  tho  N.  H.  grants,  573  ; 
rato  fixed  for  tho  coinnmttttiua  of  tho  quit  rsntd  duo 
to  the,  574 ;  proposals  of  tho,  dnemeJ  unsatisfactory 
by  Vtirinont,  oSO ;  its  dologatoa  in  ooncross  instructed 
respeoting  the  disturbances  in  the  N.  E.  part  of  the, 
504 ;  resolutions,  providing  for  the  Vermont  sufferers, 
passed  by  the  legislature  of,  61 1  ;  list  of  the  several 
tracts  of  land  appropriated  to  tho  Vermont  sufferers 
in  tho,  (il2 ;  terms  of  the  settlement  of  the  contro- 
versy between  Vermont  and,  615  ;  appropriation  of 
tho  money  paid  by  Vermont  to,  CI 6. 

Noyswesinck,  desoription  of  the  land  at,  22. 

Niagara,  the  French  fort  at,  156. 

Niessen,  Christian,  83 ;  sent  to  attack  tho  Indiana  be- 


hind Magdalen  island,  34  ;  accompanies  an  expedition 
against  the  Esopus  Indians,  38  ;  ordered  to  lie  with 
a  party  in  ambush,  41;  commands  a  partv  sent  to 
protect  tho  reapers  at  tho  Esopus,  42 ;  desputubcd 
with  a  party  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  ib.;  accom- 
panies a  party  against  the  Indians,  47  ;  left  in  com- 
mand at  the  Esopus,  58 ;  letter  of,  to  the  Director 
General,  59.  ,  ,  ,  - 

Nieuw  Ncdorland,  16. 

North  river,  tho  great,  16. 

Norton,  Rev.  John,  of  Middletown,  205. 

Novum  Belgium,  15. 

Nysscn,  Christian,     (see  Niesseii.) 


0. 


O'Brien,  rev,  Charles,  667. 

Observations,  Codwollader  Ooldon's,  on  the  situation, 
soil,  climate,  &o.,  of  the  Prov.  of  New  York,  109 ; 
on  the  ciroumstanoes  and  condition  of  the  people  of 
Ulster  and  Orange  eountios,  the  author  and  printers 
of  tho,  reprimanded  by  tho  House  of  Assembly  of 
N.  Y.,  209. 

Oooom,  Rev.  Sampson,  sent  a  missionary  to  the  Onci- 
dos,  197;  biog.  notice  of,  217;  patronized  by  the 
countess  of  Huntington,  223 ;  labors  among  the  Mon- 
tank  Indians,  224 ;  visits  the  Oneidos,  ib.;  received 
favorably  in  England,  232. 

Oel,  Rev.  John  Jooob,  complains  that  Bostoniers  pro- 
pose establishing  schools  and  tho  Presbyterian  reli- 
gion among  the  Mohawks,  198. 

Officers  of  tho  militia  commissioned  by  the  governor, 
116. 

Ogdon'sMount,  about  one  mile  west  of  Crown  Point,  184. 

Ogilvio,  Rev.  John,  his  opinion  as  to  the  propriety  of 
carrying  on  tho  war  with  more  vigor,  195 ;  allowance 
for  an  Indian  missionary  paid  only  to,  199 ;  recom- 
mended as  editor  of  tho  Indian  prayer-book,  230 ; 
willing  to  assist  in  tho  completion  of  the  Indian  pray- 
er-book, 242 ;  mentioned,  254 ;  professor  in  King's 
Coll.  N.  York,  259 ;  patronizes  Adair,  260  ;  Sir  Wra, 
Johnson  writes  to,  respecting  Rev.  Mr.  Griffith,  275. 

Ohio,  expediency  of  establishing  a  government  on  the, 
argued  before  tho  privy  council,  297 ;  Rev.  David 
Jones  sent  missionary  to  tho  Indians  of,  300. 

Oneida  Carrying  place,  observations  on  a  plan  of  a  fort 
to  bo  built  at  tho,  323  ;  topography  of  the,  325. 

Indians,  state  of  their  school,  200 ;  symbol  of 

the,  432 ;  why  called  Onoyuts,  ib. 
river,  course  of  the,  112. 


Onowgiwre,  14 

Onogquaga,  thoDclawares  opposed  to  the  English  build- 
ing a  fort  at,  195. 

Ouohoquagee,  Hezokiah  Calvin  recommended  for  the  In- 
dian school  at,  232. 

Onondaga  Indians,  strength  of  the,  in  1770,  268  ;  call 
themselves  people  of  the  Great  Mountain,  *271. 

,  Salt  springs,  112. 


Onowadasegh,  Rev.  Theophilus  Chamberlun  missionary 
at,  ^oOt 

Opdyk,  Ensign,  sent  with  a  party  against  tho  Indians  of 
Iloinpstcad,  67. 

Orange  county,  census  of,  in  1738,  119 ;  names  of  the 
officers  aud  soldiers  of  tho  militia  of,  130 ;  Rer.  He- 
zokiah Watkins  reprimanded  by  the  house  of  assem- 
bly for  publishing  observations  on  the  oircumstances 
and  condition  of  the  people  of  Ulster  aud,  209. 

fort,  (sec  Fort  Orange.) 

town,  population  of,  in  1738, 119, 


Order  to  repair  the  pallisades  of  the  fort  at  Wildwyok, 
45,  54  ;  to  furnish  twenty  horsemen  for  the  expedi- 
tion against  the  Esopus  Indians,  46  ;  for  the  regula- 
tion of  tho  military  at  Wildwyek,  49 ;  prohibiting 
tho  sale  of  strong  liquors  to  the  military  at  the  Eso- 
pus, 51 ;  prohibiting  the  military  coming  from  Rea- 
dout to  Wildwyek  without  leave,  55  ;  against  firing 
guns  on  New  Year's  day,  62  ;  fixing  the  boundary 
between  New  York  and  New  Hampshire,  355  ;  in  fa- 
vor of  occupants  under  New  Hampshire  west  of  tho 
Connecticut  river,  857  ;  that  the  claimants  under 
N.  Hampshire  sue  out  their  grants,  363 ;  disallowing 
tho  act  of  the  New  York  legislature  erecting  Cum- 
berland county,  375 ;  forbidding  the  governor  of  New 
York  to  make  grants  of  any  lands  ^ready  patented 
by  New  Hampshire,  ib.;  for  the  erection  of  Glocester 
county,  390 ;  to  arrest  Seth  Warner,  444 ;  for  the 
arrest  of  Ethan  Allen  and  others,  456  ;  instructing 
Gov.  Tryon  to  urge  on  his  majesty's  ministers  a  settle- 
ment of  the  difficulties  respecting  the  N.  H.  grants, 
483. 

Ordinance,     (see  Order.) 

Oringkes,  the  chiefs  of  the  Raritans  call  themselves,  65. 

Osborne,  Sir  Danvers,  suicide  of,  638. 

Oswego,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  114. 

Otsego  lake,  extent  of  the  carrying  place  between  the 
Mohawk  river  and,  112. 

Otter  creek,  settlement  of  Col.  Reid  on,  destroyed, 
510,  512. 

Oxen,  price  of,  in  N.  Netherland,  24. 

Oysterbay,  why  so  called.  21. 


6M 


IMDIZ. 


P. 


Paoham,  Director  Kieft  treats  with,  7  ;  urges  the  In- 
diana to  massacre  the  christians,  8. 

Falmor,  Rev.  Solomon,  uotico  of,  218  ;  signs  a  recom- 
mendation of  Partridge  Thatcher  as  governor  of  the 
N.  H.  granU,  879. 

Palti,  names  of  those  enrolled  in  the  militia  of,  163. 

Pamphlet,  entitled.  The  power  and  grandeur  of  Great 
Britain  founded  on  the  liberties  of  the  colonies,  247  ; 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  White  or  The  case  of  the  Episcopal 
church  at  the  close  of  the  revolution,  818  ;  Review 
of  the  military  operations  in  North  America  from  the 
commencement  of  the  French  hostilities  to  the  sur- 
render of  Oswego,  686 ;  Memorial  conceruing  the 
Five  Nations,  659. 

Parker,  John,  printer  at  New  York,  209,  242. 

Patterson,  Col.  Eleazer,  arrested  by  Ethau  Allen,  581 ; 
petitions  the  legislature  of  N.  Y.  in  behalf  of  the 
Vermont  sufferers,  614. 

—  ,  William,  high  sheriff  of  Cumberland  county, 

545. 

Pauoitigoueiuhak,  the  original  name  of  the  fulls  of  St. 
Mar^,  14. 

Pavonia,  IndiaoL  attacked  by  the  Dutch  at,  7  ;  several 
bouwerics  at,  burnt  by  the  Indians,  8;  Indians  massa- 
cred at,  66. 

Payne,  Rev.  Wm.,  rector  of  the  Epboopal  church  of 
Schenectady,  811. 

Peach  trees  killed  by  the  frost  in  New  York,  113. 

Pels,  Evert,  54. 

Pennewitz  conspires  against  the  Dutch,  9. 

Pennsylvania,  the  constitution  of,  rocommoudod  as  a 
model  to  the  people  of  Vermont,  563. 

Penobscot  Indians,  the,  kill  some  Mohawks  and  Mohe- 
gans,  41. 

Perron,    ^see  Duperron.) 

Peter,  Rev.  Joseph  G.,  657. 

Peters,  Rev.  Mr.,  missionary  of  Hebron,  891. 

Phelps,  Charles,  communicates  to  the  legislature  of  New 
York  the  opinions  prevailing  in  congress  on  the  diffi- 
oulties  respecting  the  N.  II.  grants,  598  ;  applies  for 
*  further  allowance  for  his  services  whilst  in  attend- 
ance at  congress,  601. 

Pheobus,  Rev.  Wm.,  657. 

Philadelphia,  latitude  and  longitude  of,  114;  college  of, 
obtains  pecuniary  assistance  from  the  Island  of  Ja- 
maica, 309. 

Picquet,  Rev.  Frs.,  190, 

Pierron,  Rev.  Jean,  190. 

Fietersen,  Capt.  Jochem,  leads  a  party  against  tho  In- 
dians, 9. 

Pilmore,  Rev.  Joseph,  657. 

Pitt,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a  new  county  on  the 
east  side  of  Lake  Champlain,  to  bo  called,  358. 

Pointe  a  la  chevelure,  156. 

Pomroy,  Rev.  Benj'n,  requests  Sir  Wm.  Johnson's  pat- 
ronage in  favor  of  Dr.  Wheelock's  Indian  school,  and 
incloses  him  copy  of  certain  recommendations,  203 ; 
notice  of,  ib.;  minister  of  Hebron,  204 ;  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  informs,  he  will  be  always  ready  to  promote 


Dr.  Wheelock's  undertakings,  205  ;  appointed  to  con* 
for  with  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  on  the  .subject  of  ohris- 
tianiisiug  the  ludiaus,  232;  visits  Albany,  239. 

Poncet,  Rev.  Jos.  Anthony,  l80. 

Port  May,  75. 

Post-boy,  tho  N.  Y.  weekly,  209. 

Poughki'ep»ie,  first  Kpibtopal  church  iu,  680. 

Powers,  Rev.  Peter,  of  Norwich,  206. 

Pownal,  Hcvcral  of  tho  iububitants  of,  urrestoU  by  the 
sheriff  of  Albany,  856  ;  names  of  the  inhabitants  of 
tho  township  of,  861. 

Prayer-lxxik,  Indian,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  designs  printing 
a  new  cililiun  of  the,  206  ;  Mr.  Weyniun  in  ready  to 
proceed  with  the  printing  of  the,  209;  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  encloses  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  a  plan  for 
the  new,  211 ;  difficulty  of  printing  the,  in  New 
York,  218  ;  printing  of  the,  interrupted  ly  Dr.  Bar- 
clay's death,  217  ;  remainder  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bar- 
clay's MS.  for  the,  sent  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  be 
corrected,  219;  Rev.  Mr.  Ogilvio  recouiiuended  to 
suiicrintcud  the  printing  of  the,  230 ;  Hugh  Gaine 
undertakes  to  complete  tho  printing  of  the,  242  ;  fur- 
ther particulars  about  tho  printing  and  binding  of  the, 
243,  249;  nearly  finished,  250;  completed,  254; 
Hugh  Gaine  sends  in  tho  account  for  printing  the,  262. 

Presbyterians,  the,  feared  by  the  Church  of  England, 
229  ;  of  Great  Barriiigton  inflict  every  hardship  on 
the  Episcopalians,  235  ;  the  first  and  suc<jnd  ministers 
at  Albany  of  the,  230,  241;  squeezing  their  mission- 
aries everywhere  among  tho  Indians,  304. 

Printers,  public,  209,  242. 

Proclamation  for  the  settlement  of  tho  country  between 
Fort  Edward  and  Lake  George,  345  ;  declaring  the 
Connecticut  river  to  be  the  east  bounds  of  the  Prov. 
of  New  York,  346 ;  of  Gov.  Wontworth,  declaring 
the  patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  obsolete,  and  encour- 
aging the  grantees  under  New  Hampshire  to  proceed 
with  their  settlements  west  of  Connecticut  river,  853  ; 
of  Gov.  Wcntworth  asserting  that  the  west  bounds  of 
New  Hampshire  approach  within  twenty  miles  of  the 
Hudson  river,  ib.;  for  the  arrest  of  James  Brcukcn- 
ridge  and  others  for  obstructing  the  division  of  the 
Wallumschack  patent,  379, 405  ;  reiterating  tho  right 
of  New  York  to  the  lands  west  of  tho  Connecticut 
river,  456  ;  Gov.  Wentworth  declines  publicbing  it, 
459  ;  offering  a  reward  for  the  arrest  of  Ethan  Allen 
and  other  rioters,  526. 

Provoost,  Right  Rev.  Samuel,  657. 

Pundcrson,  Rrv.  Ebenezer,  biographical  notice  of,  213; 
succeeded  by  Mr.  A\ery  as  minister  of  Rye,  257. 

Puritans  in  N.  Netherland,  15. 

Putnam,  Israel,  journals  of  his  scouts  around  Lakes 
George  and  Champlain,  172,  et  seq.;  an  account  of 
his  skirmish  with  the  enemy,  177  ;  report  of  his  scout 
to  South  Bay,  181 ;  married  the  widow  Gardiner,  257. 
,  Timothy,  report  of  his  scout  near  Lake  George, 


173. 

Putney,  an  account  of  a  riot  in  the  towi  of,  461;  people 
of,  participate  in  tho  riot  at  Westminster,  540,  cl  seq. 


IMPIZ. 


6M 


<J. 


Qutibcuk,  latitude  und  longitude  of,  il4  ;  deaoriptioii  of, 

in  1738,  lf)0. 
Queons  ouunty,  oonitus  of,  in  1788,  121 ;  names  of  the 

officoM  and  soldiorx  of  the  militia  of,  137. 
Quiuoe  trees  killud  hy  the  t'roitl  iu  New  York,  114. 


Quitrents,  an  innovation  upon  the  riuht!*  of  mankind,  for 
whoHo  UHo  lands  were  originally  given  by  Providence, 
M[>. ;  rate  lizud  for  the  uommutatiou  of  the,  due  to 
the  State  of  New  York,  574. 


R. 


Rafeix,  Rov,  Pierre,  100. 

Raguenoau,  Rev.  Paul,  180. 

Rand,  Jno.,  *hoolmaster  at  Rye,  256. 

Ramtcluorswiuk,  population  iu  1043,  of  the  colonic  of, 
1(J.     (see  lUnxelaerwych.) 

Raritana,  some  of  the,  attacked,  7  ;  location  of  the,  22; 
the  chiefs  of  the,  call  themselvoH  Oringkca,  05. 

Rattlesnake,  a  man  bit  by  a,  at  Ucd-IIook,  34  ;  descrip- 
tion of  the,  70. 

Roccivor-gencral  of  the  province  of  Now- York,  how  ap- 
pointed, 110. 

Rcckewackc,  65. 

Rcdors,  reservations  in  tho  townships  west  of  Connecti- 
cut river  fur  mombors  of  the  New  Hampshire  council, 
called.  372. 

Red-IIook,  Qutchoss  county,  tho  Esopus  InJians  retire 
to,  33  ;  are  attacked  and  defeated  at,  34  ;  a  man  bit 
by  a  rattlesnake  at,  ib. 

Redoubt,  tho,  (now  Rondout,)  30,  83,  30,  41.  43,  46, 
47, 49,  50,  5i,  55,  60,  57,  58,  59,  60. 

Reed,  Capt.  James,  report  of  his  scout  to  Wood  creek, 
176. 

Reid,  Col.,  settlement  of,  on  Otter  creek,  destroyed, 
510,  512 

Religion,  tho  Calvinist,  only  publicly  exercised  in  New 
Ncthorlaud  ;  all  others,  however,  tolerated,  15. 

Remonstrance  against  erecting  five  new  counties  in  tho 
northern  part  of  the  province  of  New  York,  and  pray- 
for  the  erection  of  tho  county  of  Colden  on  tho  west 
sido  of  Connecticut  river,  359. 

Rensclacrwyok,  colonic  of,  4  ;  colonists  of,  sell  guns  to 
the  Indians,  5  ;  description  of,  in  1044,  16. 

Report  of  tho  attorney-general  of  New  York  on  the 
eastern  bounds  of  that  province,  3o4  ;  of  H.  ^I. 
council  of  New  York  on  tho  dispute  between  that 
province  and  Now  Hampshire  respecting  boundary, 
341 ;  of  the  comraitteo  of  the  council  of  New  York 
on  the  petitions  for  the  erection  of  sundry  now  coun- 
ties in  the  northern  part  of  that  province,  361 ;  to 
the  assembly  of  N.  Y.,  on  tho  outrages  of  the  Ben- 
nington mob,  525. 

Richmond  co.,  census  of,  in  1738,  122  ;  civil  and  mili- 
tary officers  of,  155. 


Ring,  description  of  an  ancient  mourning,  667. 

Ri';i,,  in  Cumberland  county,  particulars  of,  644, et  itq.', 
cause  nf  the,  548,  560. 

Rivers  of  N.  Netherlaiid,  3. 

Uobaud,  Rev.  Father,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  make--,  him  a 
present  of  ton  pounds,  196  ;  letter  of,  to  dir  Wm. 
Johnson  communicating  the  opinions  of  the  (yanadians 
on  the  conquest  of  Camula,  with  sundry  papers  as  to 
tho  necessity  of  tho  .''inglish  retaining  Canada,  &c., 
215. 

Robertson,  James,  the  last  royal  governor  of  N.  Y.,  a 
proclamation  of,  calling  on  the  people  to  return  to 
their  allegiance,  655. 

Robinson,  Beverly,  Oen.  Putnam's  wifn  interred  in  i\i 
vault  of,  257. 

,  Samuel,  and  others,  arrested  by  the  sheriff  of 

Albany  for  having  dispossessed  sundry  of  tho  Hosiok 
tenants,  856  ;  order  on  the  petition  to  the  king  from 
the  grantees  under  New  Hampbhire  presented  by, 
865  ;  Gov.  Moore's  answer  to  tho  petition  of.  ib.;  in 
wliat  capacity  he  served  during  the  Frenoh  war,  371; 
petition  of,  to  the  king,  610. 

Rochester,  (Ulster  co.,)  names  of  tho  militia  D^en  of, 
153. 

Rockingham,  names  of  those  in,  who  signed  the  petition 
to  be  annexed  to  Now  Hampshire,  413. 

Rodgers,  Rev.  Dr.  Jno.,  657. 

,  Lieut.  Richard,  report  of  his  scout  to  Ticon- 

doroga  and  Crown  Point,  182. 

Rogers,  Capt.  Robert,  journals  of  bis  scouting  expedi- 
tions in  the  vicinity  of  Lakes  George  and  Champlain, 
160,  et  seq.;  account  of  hLs  skirmish  with  the  enemy's 
advanced  guard,  176 ;  report  of  his  scouts  to  Crown 
Point,  184,  et  seq. 

,  Rov.  Evan,  657. 

Rondout,  80.     (see  Redouht.) 

Roose,  Albert  Heymans,  children  of,  taken  prisoners  bj 
the  Indians,  32  ;  guilty  of  insolence,  39  ;  the  daugh- 
ter of,  a  prisoner  among  the  Indians,  50. 

Rossiter,  Rev.  Asher,  205. 

,  Rev.  Ebenezer,  of  Stonington,  204. 


Rye,  notice  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Avery  of,  257. 


S. 


Sackville,  Lord  Geo.,  talked  of  as  govomor  of  Mass.  in 

lieu  of  Mr.  Barnard,  253. 
Sagcrs  Kill,  Indians  of,  friendly  to  the  Dutch,  34. 
Sahonwadi,  Paulus,  a  Mohawk  schoolmaster,  314. 
St.  Clair,  Gen.,  abandons  Ticonderoga  and  advises  the 

people  of  Durham  to  remain  on  their  lands,  575. 


St.  John,  the  Green  Mountain  boys  seize  a  vessel  and 

destroy  a  number  of  craft  at,  553. 
St.  Lawrence,  source  of  the  river,  112. 
St.  Mary,  Indian  name  for  the  falls  of,  14. 
St.  Sacrament  Lake,  14,  112. 
Salter,  Rev.  Richard,  of  Mansfield,  205. 


600 


moix. 


Salt  Springs  in  tho  Onomlagn  country,  112. 

'jaii'lv  lldok,  latitude  nnd  lon^^itudo  of,  114. 

Saiibikaiu,  the,  or  IuJiuu»  roHidiug  on  th«  JtrMjr  tbore 
of  the  Ba?  of  Now  York,  76.  .„        . 

Saugurtiui,  61. 

SuwtnilU  in  N.  Nothcrland,  4. 

SuhonootMly,  fort  at,  110;  churchwardens  of  tho  Epis- 
copal  church  at,  poliiiun  for  a  charter,  220 ;  tho  char- 
ter for  tho  church  of,  granted,  234 ;  Rov.  Wm.  Ilanna 
■ettlcs  a«  a  lawyer  at,  'IM ;  tho  llev.  Alux'r  Murray 
invited  to  bo  ininLtter  of,  241  ;  church  of,  nearly 
finished,  244  ;  money  collected  at  Fort  Stanwix  for 
tiio  completion  of  the  Episcopal  church  at,  261 ;  Rov. 
Mr.  Murray  declines  tu  tnVo  charge  of  tho  Epucupal 
ohuroh  at,  266  ;  rucomuiondcd  to  form  ono  parish 
with  Albany,  268 ;  Rev.  Mr.  Andrews  minister  ot, 
274  i  Rev.  David  Qriffith  invited  to  tako  charge  of 
tho  Episcopal  church  at,  276  ;  Mr.  Wni.  Ilauna  of, 
desires  to  take  orders  in  tho  Ohuroh  of  England,  27f; 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  visits  a  spring  back  of,  287,  280 ; 
*  grammar  school  opened  lu,  200 ;  grammar  school 
of,  changed  into  an  academy,  202  ;  one  of  tho  poorest 
missions  on  tho  continent,  ib.;  Rev.  Wm.  Andrews 
leaves  tho  church  of,  SO.'i ;  and  is  succeeded  by  tlio 
Rev.  Mr.  Doty,  ib.;  tho  churchwardens  of,  present  an 
address  to  the  Soo.  for  Prop,  the  gospel,  SIO  ;  Rev. 
Wm.  Payn,  Episcopal  minister  of,  811 ;  tho  mail  sent 
for  the  first  time  to,  630. 

School,  free,  at  Johnstown,  list  of  the  scholars  at  the, 
261 ;  at  the  Mohawk,  at  Fort  Huntor,  ib.;  a  grammar, 
opened  in  Schenectady,  200. 

Schouts  bay,  L.  I.,  10,  22. 

Schuyler,  Harry,  letter  of,  to  Lt.  Oov.  Coldcn,  inform- 
ing him  that  he  had  arrested  several  persons  belong- 
ing to  Now  Hampshire,  366. 

,  Peter,  657. 

,  Stephen,  report  of  his  scout  to  South  bay,  181. 

Soott,  John  Murin,  candidate  for  Lt.  Oov.  of  N.  Y., 
667. 

Scouts  bay.     (see  Sc?u)utt  hay.) 

Soovil,  Rev.  James,  370. 

Seals  of  the  Province  of  New  York,  *! . 

Seasons  of  N.  Nethcrland,  3 ;  in  tho  Prov.  of  New 
York,  influenced  by  the  settlement  of  tho  country,  13. 

Secretary  of  the  province  of  New  York,  how  appointed, 
116. 

Seizas,  Rev.  Gershom,  657. 

Senecos,  Lt.  Gov.  Clarke,  endeavors  to  build  a  fort  in 
the  country  of  the,  116 ;  strength  of  tho,  b  1770, 
268 ;  have  several  symbols,  271. 

Septennial  act,  the  N.  York,  when  passed,  165. 

Sheolah  Orah,  the  daughter  of  Col.  Johnson,  called, 
260. 

Sheep  scarce  in  N.  Netherland,  24. 

Shclburne,  Lord,  directs  that  persons  having  valid  deeds 
nnder  New  Hampshire  shall  not  be  disturbed,  365  ; 
Gov.  Moore's  answer  to,  ib.,  373. 

Sheriffs  of  the  province  of  N.  York,  whence  commis- 
sioned, 116. 

Ships,  the  Delaware  name  for,  65. 

Shuckburgh,  Dr.,  250. 


Silvester,  Mr.,  a  lawyer  at  Albany,  230. 

HlmN,  Ciipt.  William,  a  report  of  his  scout  near  Lake 
George,  173,  174. 

Sintinek,  22. 

Six  Nations,  paper*  relating  to  the  civiliiation  of  the, 
187;  numerical  strength  of  tho,  in  1770,  268,  (sco 
Imliam ;  Iitglu.) 

Skencsborough,  petition  to  erect,  into  a  county  town, 
406  ;  names  of  tho  inhabitants  of,  408. 

Sloops  bay,  0. 

Smith,  Kev.  Charles  Jeffrey,  notice  of,  207  ;  ac(|uainti 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  of  his  deaign  to  vi4l  the  Mohawk 
country,  208  ;  sent  by  Dr.  Whoolock  to  Gen.  Am- 
herst with  proposals  for  endowing  his  Indian  school 
with  four  tracts  of  land  on  the  Sus((uehanna  river, 
210  ;  proceeds  to  New  York  to  prepare  for  his  mis- 
sion tu  the  Mohawk  country,  211 ;  proposes  to  remove 
Dr.  Wheelock's  school  to  tho  soutnern  government*, 
282. 

,  Rev.  Daniel,  657. 

Rev.  Wm.,  D.  D.,  letter  of  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 


to,  252 ;  biographical  note  on,  ib.;  mentioned,  266. 

Socialborough,  petition  to  muke,  the  capital  of  Char- 
lotto  county,  470  ;  population  of,  ib.;  names  of  the 
inhabitants  of,  407  ;  settlers  of,  ejected  by  the  Ben- 
nington mob,  603. 

Society  for  tho  promotion  of  the  arts  in  New  York,  cir- 
cular of  the,  219  ;  Sir.  Wm.  Johnson's  letter  to  the, 
220,  221. 

for  propagating  tho  gospel.  Sir  Henry  Moore's 

answer  to  tho  petition  of  the,  50\  ;  order  in  council 
on  the  petition  of  tho,  600. 

Sorel,  Rov.  Mr.  Doty  performs  the  Episcopal  service  in 
the  Catholic  church  of,  306. 

South  bay,  Capt.  Putnam's  scout  to,  181. 
river,  the,  8,  16. 


Spring,  a  mineral,  back  of  Schenectady,  287,  280. 

Staats,  Abraham,  arrives  at  the  Esopus,  60. 

Stontford,  0,  11. 

Stanwix,  fort,  memorial  of  Dr.  Wheolock  to  the  commit 
sioncrs  at  tho  treaty  of,  244  ;  Messrs.  Johnson  nnd 
Avery,  N.  E.  Missionaries  at,  request  that  tho  In- 
dians may  be  prevented  disposing  of  th«ir  lands,  245; 
papers  relating  to  the  erection  of,  323. 

,   Gen.,  instructions  of  Gen.   Abcrcrombic  to, 

relative  to  buildbg  a  fort  at  the  Oneida  carrying 
place,  324. 

Starke,  Brig.  Gen.,  complained  of,  to  congress  by  Gov. 
Clinton,  585. 

Statcn  Island,  Indian  plantations  on,  laid  waste  by  the 
Dutch,     (soo  Richmond.) 

Sterling,  petition  for  the  erection  of  a  now  county  on 
tho  west  side  of  Connecticut  river  to  be  called,  358. 

Stilwel,  Lieut.,  arrives  at  the  Esopus,  34  ;  accompanies 
an  expedition  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  37  ;  dis- 
patched to  surprise  tho  fort,  38  ;  returns  to  the  Eso- 
pus, 30 ;  leave  granted  to  some  Englishmen  belong- 
ing to  the  company  of,  to  go  to  the  Manhatans,  42 ; 
one  of  his  soldiers  wounded,  46;  accompanies  another 
expedition  against  the  Indians,  47  ;  returns  to  the 
Manhatans,  40. 


INDIX. 


69T 


Htoiu'ura1>)',  tlio  Lutheran  nilnliitor  of,  und  hU  oongroga- 
tiou  (li^iiosod  tu  Juin  the  Kpuoonal  church,  277,  278, 
2»l,  284. 

Stoningtun,  clergy  of,  204. 

Btuarl,  llov.  Johu,  206,  260;  arrivcH  a(  Johnion  Hull, 
208  i  much  uituuuiod,  274,  275,  277  ;  viitita  Now 
York,  281) ;  uioutionod,  204 ;  Honiuliuies  vUitit  Cana- 
Johario,  200 ;  viaita  Paonaylvauia,  8U7 ;  luomolr  of 
(ho,  i)l». 

Stuvvksant,  Gov.,  who,  08  j  hio  charaotor,  00 j  takca 


Hulud  with  Kicft,  ib  ;  ronJcmim  Ku^torandMclyn,70. 
ufFoIk  county,  oonsuii  of,  in  IT 
frcoholdors  of,  in  1788,  182. 


wuytor  I 
.  121 J 


namoi  of  the 


Sulphur,  largo  (iuautitics  of,  in  tho  Mohawk  country, 

Suiidorlund,  names  of  tho  iuhabitantH  of  tho  towuithip  of, 

802. 
Survcyor-gonoral  of  tho  province  of  Now  Ytu's,  how 


nppointod,  110;  obicrvat!on»i  of,  on  tho  attornuy-gon* 
oriil','*  rtport  on  tho  coMt  boundi  of  tho  province,  880. 

tSuMiuchanoa  rivur,  oourito  of  tho,  112;  nomo  of  tho 
Now  England  nooplc  propose  settling  on  the,  208; 
tho  IndianM  declare  their  great  aversion  to  the  Now 
England  .siittlument  proposed  on  (he,  200 ;  Dr.  Wboe- 
lock  proposes  that  four  (ownships  bo  granted  on  the, 
for  hts  Indian  school,  210  ;  lands,  Col.  Dyer  applies 
to  tho  general  assembly  of  Connecticut  for  a  deed  of 
tho,  268. 

Swannoklns,  (from  Hwonnokn,  white  ptople,)  tho  Dutch 
so  called  bv  tho  Indians,  OA,  07,  08. 

Swartwout,  Uoolof,  sheriff  at  the  Esopus,  20,  80,  40, 
60 ;  dismissed  from  his  offioe  of  sheriff,  61. 

Swedes,  sctt/^mont  of  tho,  on  tho  South  river,  10. 

Switz,  Claes  Cornelia,  murdered  by  tho  Indian*,  0, 

Syms,  Capt.  Williams,  report  of  his  scout  near  Loke 
OcorRC,  173. 


Toplin,  John,  report  of  his  soout  near  South  bay, 
178. 

Tappundors,  05. 

ToodyuHoung,  Kev.  D.  Zisbergor  oarrios  a  letter  to  Wyo- 
ming from  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to,  2U0. 

Tokughwoangaruneghton,  a  mountain  west  of  Lake 
George,  180. 

Tekanondo,  a  Cnnadasaga  Indian,  speech  of,  to  Rev. 
Mr.  Kinlund,  280. 

Ton  lirueok,  lion.  A.,  letter  of  the,  transmitting  to  tho 
president  of  congress  a  resolution  of  tho  committee 
of  sufoty  of  Now  York,  550 ;  reports  tho  state  of  tho 
public  affairs,  501. 

Tenondorogo,  178.     (s«o  Ticonderoga.) 

Testament,  New,  part  of  tho,  translated  into  the  Mo- 
hawk tongue,  818,  814. 

Thatcher,  Partridgo,  recommended  by  tho  clergy  of  Con- 
necticut as  tho  first  governor  of  tho  Now  Hampshire 
grunts,  878. 

Thay-en-de-uea-ga.     (see  Brant.) 

Thermometer,  ranges  of  the,  in  the  Prov.  of  New  York, 
113. 

Thodey,  Mich'l,  report  of  his  scout  near  ^  "ih  bay  and 
Wood  Creek,  170. 

Thompson,  Seri't,  report  of  his  scout  on  JUu.^o  Goorgo, 
180. 

Throop,  Rev.  Benj.,  of  Norwich,  205. 

Tianarago,  175. 

Tiandcrrogoo,  171. 

Tiandrogo,  172,  173. 

Tiantiroga,  184.     (.see  Ticonderoga.) 

Ticonderoga,  reports  of  scouts  to,  170,  et  seq.;  reduced 
by  the  Englisl  345  ;  in  a  most  ruinous  state,  512 ; 
tho  buildings  at  Crown  Point  and,  can't  shelter  in 
winter,  more  than  fifty  men,  517  ;  General  St.  Clair 
retreats  from,  575 ;  seized  by  the  Green  Mountain 
boys,  010.  (scoAtianderogue;Temndorogo;  Tion- 
deroge ;  Tioiidiiroque ;  Tyconda'ogue.) 

Tieondorogo,  184,  185. 

Tierandequat,  a  fort  proposed  to  '  e  built  at,  116. 

Tioanaragoe,  175. 

Vol,  IV.  88 


Tiond&rog,  180. 

Tie   !orogo.  17"    t73. 

Tiondorogo,  ri ,  rt  of  Capt.  Israel  Putnam's  scout  to, 
172;  Cu''^  J.jlittle'ssooutto,  175;  Lieut.  Kodgurs 
ordered  t  ',.;amino  tho  works  at,  182  ;  mentioned, 
'>81. 

Tin  -  roque,  journal  of  '  arty  sent  to  reconnoitre  tho 
Fro) 'th  enoampmont  at,  170. 

liyondaroga,  180. 

Tjondarogo,  tho  distance  from  Crown  Ptnit  to,  185. 

Toroduro({uo,  172. 

Townships,  lands  in  tho  province  of  New  York  to  bo 
settled  in,  085. 

Traii'iit  of  Venus,  preparations  to  observe  tho,  in  Ame- 
rica, 250. 

Trees  of  N.  Netherland,  8. 

Triennial  bill,  history  of  the,  168 ;  veto  of  the,  165. 

Trinity  church.  New  York,  James  Duano  council  for, 
044  ;  property  of,  seized,  050 ;  restored,  050. 

Trvon,  Gov.,  Rev.  Charles  Inglis'  character  of,  285  ; 
Ethan  Allen's  pun  on  tho  name  of,  404  ;  addresses 
a  letter  to  the  people  of  Bennington  remonstrating 
against  their  violent  conduct,  473 ;  urges  on  Lord 
Ilillboro'  the  necessity  of  a  speedy  settlement  of  tho 
difficulties  respecting  the  New  Hampshire  grants,  484  ; 
despatch  of,  to  Lord  Dartmouth  stating  the  imprue- 
ticability  of  the  plan  recommended  by,  for  tho  settle- 
ment of  the  difficulties  on  the  New  Hampshire  grants, 
504  ;  (soo  Board  of  Trade;  Dartmouth,  Lord;)  in- 
formed that  the  king  disapproves  of  his  requisition  to 
call  out  the  troops  against  the  New  Hampshire  rioters, 
518  ;  proclamation  of,  offering  a  reward  for  the  arrest 
of  Ethan  Allen  aud  other  rioters,  526 ;  called  to  Eng- 
land to  giv<)  information  respecting  the  disputes  about 
the  New  Hampshire  grants,  584. 

Tuscarora,  Edward  Johnson's  school  at,  200 ;  strength 
m  1770,  of  the  Indians  at,  268. 

Twelve  men,  elected  by  the  Dutch,  resolve  on  war  against 
the  Indians,  6;  aud  urge  Director  Kieft  to  attack  tho 
Indians,  7. 

Tycondarogue,  172. 


698 


INDEX. 


Tyconderogue,  172. 
Tycondorogue,  172. 


iTyler,  Bev.  Jno.,  870. 

I  Type  foundry,  none  in  New  York,  218. 


tJ. 


Ulster  county,  census  of,  in  1738,  119;  names  of  the 
officers  and  soldiers  of  the  militia  of,  in  1738,  148, 
et  seq.;  observations  on  the  circumstancca  and  condi- 
tion of  the  people  of,  censured  by  the  house  of  assem- 
bly of  N,  Y.,  209. 


UuJurhill,  Sergeant  major,  employed  by  the  Dutch  against 
the  Indians,  10;  attacks  the  Indians  at  Hempstead, 
L.  I.,  ib.;  proceeds  against  the  Indians  of  Westches- 
ter county,  ib.;  sent  to  Hempstead  against  the  In- 
dians, 67. 


V. 


Vaillant,  Rev.  Frs.,  de  Gucslis,  190. 

Van  Baal,  Jan  Hendricksen,  59.  (see  Hendiicksen.) 

Van  Cortlaudt,  James,  429. 

,  Pierre,  president  of  the  New  York  provincial 

congress,  complains  that  a  faction  in  the  N.  £.  part 
of  the  state  are  countenanced  in  their  designs  by  cer- 
tain members  of  congvcss,  566. 

Van  Couwonhoven,  Lieut.  Pieter  Wolfertsen,  proceeds 
with  hi::  company  to  the  Esopus,  34 ;  accompanies  an 
expedition  to  Red  Hook  against  the  Indians,  ib.;  goes 
with  an  expedition  against  the  Esopus  Indians,  37  ; 
sent  to  surprise  the  fort,  38;  returns  to  Wildwyek, 
39 ;  proceeds  to  the  Manhattans,  ib.;  threatened  at  the 
Dunskaiiier  by  the  Indians,  43  ;  arrives  at  the  Eso- 
pus, ib.;  instruction  to,  44 ;  returns  to  the  Wappin- 
ger^,  ib.;  further  intelligence  from  and  instructions 
tu,  4.) ;  returns  to  the  Esopus,  after  a  fruitless  effort 
to  recover  the  christians  in  the  hands  of  the  Indians, 
46  ;  accompanies  another  expedition  against  the  Eso- 
pus Indians,  47 ;  returns  to  the  Manhatans,49 ;  brings 
some  Marsepidg  Indians  to  the  Esopus,  51 ;  returns 
to  tlie  Mauhatan;^,  53  ;  concludes  a  truce  witli  Esopus, 
Indians,  57 ;  conducts  a  Wappinger  chief  to  Wild- 
wyek, 58. 

Van  del  Donk,  Adriaen,  author  of  Beschryvinge  van 
Nieuw  Nederlandt,  43  ;  and  of  the  Vertoogh,  64  ; 
his  account  of  the  beaver,  78. 

Van  der  Hyl.     (see  Underhill.) 

Van  der  Spiegel,  John,  treasurer  of  the  N.  Y.  society 
for  tiie  promotion  of  arts,  219. 

Van  Dyck,  Ensign  Hendrick,  appointed  to  lead  a  party 
against  the  Indians,  6 ;  accompanies  an  expedition 
against  the  Westchester  Indians,  10.     (see  Opdyk.) 

Van  Nederhorst,  M.,  servant  of,  killed  by  the  Indians, 
66. 

Van  Renselacr,  patroon  of  Renselacrwyek,  16. 

Van  Ruyven,  secretary,  arrives  at  the  Esopus,  39. 


Van  Ticnhoven,  secretary,  information  respecting  the 
wild  lands  in  New  Ncthcrland  furnished  by,  19;  draws 
up  a  petition  asking  permission  to  attack  the  Indians, 
66  ;  authorizes  an  attack  on  the  Indians,  ib. 

Venus,  transit  of,  preparations  in  America  to  observe 
the,  256. 

Vermont,  controversy  between  New  York  and  Now 
Hampshire  respecting  the  territory,  now  the  state  of, 
329;  brief  considerations  on  the  independence  of,  562; 
the  name  of  the  stat'.  of  New  Connecticut  changed 
to,  567  ;  resolutions  of  the  New  York  committee 
of  safety  on  hearing  of  the  efforts  at  independence 
made  by,  ib.;  the  continental  congress  discountenances 
the  projects  of,  568  ;  the  several  towns  in  Cumber- 
land county  apply  to  Gov.  Clinton  for  protection 
against  the  pretended  n'ate  of,  576 ;  particulars  of  the 
oppressions  they  endure  from,  ib.,  et  stg.;  the  state 
of,  orders  the  arrest  of  sundry  officers  of  Cumberland 
county,  581  ;  a  committee  of  congress  sent  to,  582  ; 
names  of  the  committee  ^ent  by  congress  to,  583  ;  as 
unwilling  to  be  under  New  York,  as  America  is  to  bo 
subject  to  Great  Britain,  589  ;  is  willing  to  submit 
the  differences  with  New  York  to  congress,  690 ;  at- 
tempt to  annex  Washington  county  and  parts  of  Ren- 
selacr and  Saratoga  to,  6U3  ;  several  persons  arrested 
for  p.dhering  to,  604  ;  New  York  resolves  to  provide 
for  the  sufferers  under,  611 ;  list  of  sufferers  under, 
612,  615  ;  settlement  of  the  difficulties  between  New 
York  and,  015  ;  distribution  of  the  $30,000  paid  to 
New  York  by,  616  ;  list  of  works  to  be  consulted  on 
the  difficulties  with,  617. 

Vines  grow  wild  in  New  Netherland,  76. 

Virginia,  Rev.  David  Griffith  elected  bishop  of,  275  ; 
legal  provision  for  the  clergy  of,  307 ;  mode  of  pre- 
sentation to  the  churches  of,  ib. 

Vries,  David  Pietersen  de,  servant  of,  killed,  6. 

Vriesland,  Gov.  Stuyvesant  originally  from,  68. 


W. 


Waldenses  sent  to  New  Netherland,  83. 

Wall,  Rev.  Mr.,  657. 

Wallkill,  names  of  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  mili- 
tia of,  in  1738,  151. 

Wallumschaok  patent,  James  Breakenbiidge  and  others 
ordered  to  be  arrested  for  obstructing  the  division  of 
the,  379,  405  ;  affidavit  of  Breakenbridgo  and  Rob- 
inson'explaining  their  conduct  on  this  occasion,  880 ; 
further  riot  ana  opposition  to  the  civil  authority  at, 
442,  446,  et  seq. 


Wampum,  82  ;  belts  of,  used  as  records  of  public  trans- 
actions by  the  Indians,  271. 

Wanton,  Gov.,  304. 

Wappenas,  the,  65. 

Wappingers,  the,  plunder  a  boat  coming  from  Fort  Or- 
ange, 8  ;  some  of  the,  killed  in  an  attack  on  the  West- 
chester Indians,  10  ;  some  of  the,  visit  the  Esopus, 
33  ;  aid  the  Esopus  Indians,  ib.;  some  Dutch  boors 
threaten  to  shoot  two,  who  are  prisoners,  39  ;  co-ope- 
rate with  the  Esopus  Indians,  43  ;  act  as  mediators 


INDEX. 


6W 


between  the  Dutch  and  the  Esopns  Indians,  44  ;  Lt. 
Gowenhoven  returns  to  the  Esopus  with  two  of  the,  pri- 
soners, 46;  one  of  whom  guides  the  Dutch  against  the 
Esopus  Indians,  47;  a  sachem  of  the,  visits  Wildwyck, 
57 ;  and  promises  to  procure  the  release  of  the  chris- 
tians in  the  hands  of  the  Esopus  Indians,  58  ;  re-visits 
the  Esopus,  59 ;  and  restores  some  christian  captives, 
60. 

Warner,  Seth,  order  of  council  to  arrest,  444  ;  mention- 
ed, 513,  520  ;  appointed  Lt.  Col.  of  the  Green  Moun- 
tain boys,  by  the  Now  York  provincial  congress,  554 ; 
attends  a  convention  at  Dorset  for  the  purpose  of  form  • 
ing  the  New  Hampshire  grants  into  a  separate  dis- 
trict, 555 ;  remonstrance  against  congress  authorizing, 
to  raise  a  regiment  independent  of  New  York,  556  ; 
fails  in  raising  a  regiment,  561 ;  the  state  of  New 
York  protests  against  the  continental  congress  ap- 
pointing, colonel  of  a  regiment  to  be  raised  in  its  ter- 
ritory, 556,  557  ;  and  demands  the  recall  of  the  com- 
mission to,  559;  reasons  of  congress  for  forming  t  c 
corps  commanded  by,  569. 

Warren,  Sir  Peter,  leaves  a  legacy  for  the  education  of 
youth  of  the  Six  Nations,  198,  202 ;  description  of 
the  monument  in  Westminster  Abbey  erected  to  the 
memory  of,  297. 

Washington,  Col.,  reported  to  be  surrounded  by  the 
French  and  Indians  at 'Winchester,  302  ;  mentioned, 
229,  236;  Gov.  Clinton  complains  to  congress  through 
General,  of  Brig.  Gen.  Starke,  585 ;  is  informed  by 
Gov.  Clinton  of  the  outrage  committed  on  the  friends 
of  New  York,  by  the  pretended  state  of  Vermont, 
586  ;  further  mention  of,  649,  651,  652. 

county,  s\mdry  towns  of,  agree  to  unite  with 

Vermont,  603  ;  submit  again  to  the  state  of  New 
York,  605,  et  seq. 

Waterbury,  Lieut.  David,  report  of  his  scout  on  Lake 
Champlain,  181. 

Water  communications  of  the  province  of  New  York, 
Cadwallader  Colden's  observations  on  the,  109. 

Water  fowls  of  New  Netherland,  3,  78. 

Watkins,  Rev.  Hczekiah,  publishes  observations  on  the 
circumstances,  &c.,  of  the  people  of  Ulster  and  Or- 
ange, for  which  he  is  arrested  and  reprimanded  by  the 
house  of  assembly  of  N.  Y.,  209. 

Webb,  Gen.,  burns  Fort  Craven,  325. 

Wells,  Judge  Samuel,  complaint  against,  383,  et  seq.; 
report  on  the  complaint  against,  396  ;  informs  the  at- 
torney-general of  New  York  that  the  governor  of 
New  Hampshire  has  authorized  an  exploration  of  the 
head  waters  of  the  Connecticut  river,  439. 

Wbntwobth,  Gov.  Benning,  offers  Dr.  Wheeloek  a 
tract  of  land  in  the  western  part  of  New  Hampshire  for 
an  Indian  school,  208;  notifies  Gov.  Clinton  that  he  is 
authorized  to  grant  lands  within  his  government,  and 
transmits  a  description  of  New  Hampshire  bounds, 
831 ;  is  informed  that  New  York  is  bounded  eastward 
by  the  Connecticut  river,  332  ;  issues  a  patent  for  the 
township  of  Bennington,  ib.;  wishes  to  be  informed 
why  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts  claim  so  far  west- 
ward, and  promises  to  desist  from  making  any  further 
grants  that  may  interfere  with  New  York,  333  ;  de- 


clines entering  into  any  dispute  with  Got.  Clinton 
whom  he  notifies  of  his  intention  to  submit  the  mat- 
ter to  the  king,  334  ;  is  invited  by  Gov.  C,  to  ex- 
change representations,  ib.;  which  is  agreed  to  bj, 
ib.;  the  Board  of  Trade  communicate  to  the  agent  of 
the-province  of  New  York  the  proposal  to  run  a  line 
between  New  York  and  New  Hampshire  sent  by,  340; 
claims  the  western  boundary  of  New  Hampshire  to 
be  within  twenty  miles  of  the  Hudson's  river,  341  ; 
issues  a  proclamation  asserting  the  right  of  New 
Hampshire  to  that  boundary,  353;  declaring  the 
patent  to  the  Duke  of  York  obsolete,  and  encouraging 
the  grantees  under  New  Hampshire  to  proceed  with 
their  settlements  west  of  the  Connecticut  river,  ib.; 
complains  to  the  Gov.  of  New  York  that  the  sheriff 
of  Albany  had  arrested  several  of  the  inhabitants  of 
the  town  of  Pownal,  356  ;  reserves  to  himself  a  farm 
of  five  hundred  acres  in  each  township  west  of  Con- 
necticut river,  372. 

Gov.  John,  complains  to  Lt.  Gov.  Golden  of 


Judge  Wells,  383  ;  memorial  of,  384  ;  report  of  the 
committee  of  the  council  on  the  complaints  of,  396  ; 
the  Gov.  of  New  York  writes  to,  respecting  hia  «x 
parte  exploration  of  the  Connecticut  river,  and  re- 
monstrating against  the  disorderly  behaviour  of  the 
grantees  under  New  Hampshire,  445 ;  answer  of, 
deemed  unsatisfactory,  455  ;  deelinei  publishing  Got. 
Tryon's  proclamation,  460 ;  applies  to  Gov.  Tryon 
for  a  grant  of  land  for  Mr.  B.  Wentworth,  467. 

Westchester,  an  account  of  an  expedition  against  the 
Indians  of,  10  ;  description  of  the  wild  lands  in, 
22  ;  Catharine  Harrison  of,  accused  of  witchcraft,  87. 

Western  New  York,  soil  of,  similar  to  that  of  the  Mo- 
hawk country,  113. 

West  India  company,  the,  erects  forts  in  N.  Netherland, 
3. 

Westminster,  names  of  (hose  in,  who  signed  a  petition 
to  the  king  to  bo  annexed  to  New  Hampshire,  418 ; 
particulars  of  a  riot  at,  544,  et  seq.;  several  of  the 
New  Hampshire  grants  declare  themselves  independent 
of  New  York  at,  560 ;  the  convention  held  at,  for 
declaring  the  New  Hampshire  grants  an  independent 
state,  very  thinly  attended,  561,  564  ;  proceedings  of 
the  committee  of,  571. 

Weyraan.  Wm.,  biographical  memoir  of,  20%^tters  of, 
to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Barclay  respecting  the  printing  of 
the  Indian  prayer-book,  209,  21 3  i  printing  the  In- 
dian prayer  book,  217 ;  transmits  Sir  Wm.  Johnson 
remaining  portion  of  Dr.  Barclay's  MS.  of  the  Indian 
prayer-book  for  correction,  219 ;  recommends  Rev. 
Mr.  Ogilvie  to  superintend  the  printing  of  the  Indian 
prayer-book,  230  ;  deceased,  242. 

Wharton,  Samuel,  biographical  notice  of,  296. 

Wheeloek,  Rev.  Elezaer,  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  approves 
his  design  of  educating  Indian  boys,  197  ;  the  Scotch 
commissioners  make  arrangements  for  the  education 
of  some  Indian  children  by,  ib.;  proposes  to  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  to  remove  his  Indian  school  near  him,  201, 
203  ;  memorializes  for  a  grant  of  Sir  Peter  Warren's 
legacy,  202 ;  is  opposed  by  the  Scotch  commissioner! 
at  Boston  ib.;  requests  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  to  write  to 


700 


INDEX. 


Gov.  Bernard  in  fovor  of  his  sofaool,  ib.;  letter  of  cer- 
tain clergy  in  favor  of  Indian  school  of,  204  ;  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  is  of  opinion  that  the  Indians  will  not  im- 
prove so  much  in  schools  erected  among  them  as  at 
the  schools  of,  206  ;  the  Indians  averse  to  the  settle- 
ment on  the  Susquehanna  river  proposed  by  the,  ib.; 
letter  of,  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  communicating  Mr.  J. 
G.  Smith's  plan  for  the  christianizing  the  Indians, 
207  ;  is  offered  a  tract  of  land  in  New  Hampshire  or 
in  Massachusetts  for  his  Indian  school,  208  ;  proposes 
to  Qen.  Amherst  the  propriety  of  endowii^  his  Indian 
school  with  four  townships  on  the  Susquehanna  river, 
210 ;  is  referred  to  England,  212 ;  applies  to  Sir 
Wm.  Johnson  for  mor«  Indian  scholars,  217  ;  thanks 
Sir  Wm.  Johnson  for  his  kindness  to  Mr.  Kirtlaid, 
222 ;  the  Countess  of  Huntington  expresses  much  in- 
terest for  the  Indian  school  of,  223  ;  address  of,  to 
the  Mohawk,  Oneida  and  other  Indians,  223 ;  intends 
to  send  Occom  to  England  to  obtain  assistance  for 
his  Indian  school,  T25 ;  writes  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  in 
behalf  of  some  Narraganst'^tt  Indians,  228  ;  themayor 
of  Albany  expresses  himself  in  favor  of  the  plan  of, 
for  christianizing  the  Indians,  231 ;  consults  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  as  to  a  proper  site  for  his  school,  232 ;  the 
corporation  of  Albany  endeavor  to  induce  him  to  re- 
move his  Indian  school  thither,  2S8 ;  disclaims  all  in- 
tention of  reflecting  on  the  moral  character  of  the 
people  of  Albany,  239 ;  mvited  to  remove  his  Indian 
school  to  New  Hampshire,  and  to  Ohio,  240  ;  me- 
morial of,  to  the  commissioners  at  Fort  Stanwix  that 
the  Indians  may  be  induced  to  receive  missionaries 
and  schoolmasters,  244 ;  unsuccessful  in  introducing 
the  arts  among  the  Indians,  268 ;  his  success  in  chris- 
tianizing the  Indians,  313. 

Whitaker,  Rev.  Nathaniel,  204  ;  received  favorably  in 
England  as  Dr.  Wheelock's  agent,  232. 

White,  Rev.  Andrew,  enquiry  for  the  Indian  grammar 
and  dictionury  of.  657. 

,  Rev.  Mr.,  (afterwards  Bishop,)  publishes  a 

pamphlet  entitled  "The  Case  of  the  Episcopal 
Churches  considered,"  818. 


White,  Rev.  Stephen,  205.  ' 

,  Creek,  names  of  the  settlers  at,  536;  submission 

of,  to  New  York,  607. 

Wickquaeskcok,  description  of,  22 ;  mentioned,  65. 
(sec  Witquesthreek.) 

Wiealusing,  on  the  Susquehanna,  237.        %   ,. '  ... 

Wight,  Rev.  Jabez,  205. 

Wildwyck,  massacre  of  the  Dutch  at,  29 ;  names  of  the 
magistrates  of,  30  ;  list  of  the  killed  at,  31 ;  list  (^ 
those  taken  prisoners  at,  ib.;  houses  burnt  at,  32 ; 
list  of  the  wounded  at,  ib.;  fort  at,  ordered  to  be  re- 
paired, 54,  56.     (see  Esopus.) 

Willard,  Joseph,  a  pass  to,  permitting  him  to  proceed 
to  Lake  Superior  to  observe  the  transit  of  Venus,  256. 

Williams,  Lt.,  instructed  to  superintend  the  erection  of 
a  fort  at  the  Oneida  carrying  place,  825. 

Windmill,  a,  in  New  Amsterdam,  75;  at  Crown  Point, 
169. 

Windsor,  delegates  from  the  west  side  of  the  Green 
Mountains  visit,  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  signa- 
tures in  favor  of  erecting  the  New  Hampshire  grants 
into  a  new  state,  556  ;  the  convention  of,  change  the 
name  of  Now  Connecticut  into  that  of  Vermont,  56"^. 

Wine  manufactured  in  New  Netherland,  76. 

Witchcraft,  a  trial  at  New  York  for,  85  ;  Indians  believe 
in,  and  are  much  afraid  of,  271. 

Witqueschreek,  where,  6  ;  the  Indians  of,  take  refuge 
among  the  Dutch,  7  ;  attacked  by  the  Dutch,  9.  (see 
Wickqiiaeskeck.) 

Wood  oreek,  extent  of  the  carrying  place  between  the 
Hudson  river  and,  112. 

Woolley,  Joseph,  biog.  notice  of,  218;  mentioned,  224. 

Wooster,  David,  deposition  of,  setting  forth  the  illegal 
intrusion  of  sundry  persons  on  Lis  lands  on  the  cast 
side  of  Lake  Champlain,  and  their  determination  to 
resist  all  attempts  to  dispossess  them,  500 ;  further 
notice  of,  501. 

Wortol,  red,  very  abundant  in  New  Netherland,  23. 

Wraxall,  Peter,  179. 

Wyoming,  Rev.  D.  Zisberger  visits,  200. 


Yates,  Judge,  informs  Gov.  Clinton  of  the  arrest  of 

sundrj%iherents  to  Vermont,  604. 
Tonkers,  Rev.  Harry  Munro  appointed  'othe  Episcopal 

church  at,  258; 
Toung,  Thos.,  encouragei  the  people  of  the  New  Hamp- 


Z. 


shire  grants  to  form  a  state  constitution,  562 ;  reooiti- 
mcnds  the  constitution  of  Pennsylvania  as  a  model, 
563 ;  address  of,  to  the  people  of  Vermont  censured 
by  congress,  569. 


Zeawant,  what,  82.     (see  Wampum.) 

Zengar,  John  Peter,  some  particulars  relating  to,  630. 

Zinkeeuw,  65. 


Zbberger,  Rev.  David,  carries  a  letter  fh>m  Sir  Wm. 
Johnson  to  Tcedyusonng  at  Wyomink,  200. 


the 


\ 


